X-ray tomography or microtomography offers the oppurtunity to see inside objects. The object is digitized in its entire volume. It is possible to segment virtually regions of interest by their density differences.. Depending on the object size and the requested accuracy, we use medical CT scanners or microCT equipments.. With X-ray Tomography & microCT, it is possible to:. ...

X-ray tomography, a non-destructive technique, provides three-dimensional data with a spatial resolution down to the nanometer scale. Therefore, academia and industry as well as patients equally benefit from improvements in preparative work, data acquisition and analysis. Since 1997, the conference on Developments in X-ray Tomography has set the benchmark in dissemination of knowledge related to dedicated instrumentation, developments in software for reconstruction, artefact removal and data analysis as well as to the wide range of applications. The paper summarizes some aspects analyzing the previous volumes and the contributions in the current volume ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - EVITA Project. T2 - comparison between traditional non-destructive techniques and Phase Contrast X-Ray Imaging applied to aerospace carbon fibre reinforced polymer. AU - Gresil, Matthieu. AU - Revol, Vincent. AU - Kitsianos, Konstantinos. AU - Kanderakis, Georges. AU - Koulalis, Ilias. AU - Sauer, Marc Olivier. AU - Trétout, Hervé. AU - Madrigal, Ana Maria. PY - 2016/10/15. Y1 - 2016/10/15. N2 - The EU-project EVITA (Non-Destructive EValuation, Inspection and Testing of Primary Aeronautical Composite Structures Using Phase Contrast X-Ray Imaging) aims at bringing Grating-based Phase Contrast X-ray imaging technology to Non-Destructive Evaluation and Inspection of advanced primary and/or complex aerospace composite structures. Grating-based Phase Contrast X-Ray Imaging is based on the so-called Talbot-Lau interferometer, which is made of the combination of a standard X-ray apparatus with three transmission gratings as documented in the literature. This paper presents a ...

Additional resources for Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials. Example text. 29, p. 1087-1107, 2005. , Moreaud M. , Mesure tridimensionnelle de champs cinématiques par imagerie volumique pour lanalyse des matériaux et des structures, Instrumentation, Mesure, Métrologie, vol. 4, p. 43-88, 2004. , Full 3D investigation of the local straint field in particulate metal matrix composites, Proc. 12th Int. Conf. on Experimental Mechanics ICEM12, Bari, Italy, p. 1-8, 29 August-2 Sept. 2004. , Digital image correlation using Newton-Raphson method of partial differential correction, Experimental Mechanics, vol. The X-rays transmitted through the two polycarbonate cell walls, the confining fluid, and the claystone specimen, were converted into visible light by a phosphor screen scintillator. A 1024×1024 Dalstar CCD camera captured the raw digital images from the phosphor screen. The pixel size was 14×14 µm2, and a 1X objective was used for the scans described hereafter. 65 mm2 , which ...

The retention and release of flammable gases from corroded Magnox sludge waste at Sellafield, UK and secondary reprocessing waste at Hanford, USA has significant economic and safety implications for decommissioning various nuclear legacy buildings. Magnesium hydroxide is the primary precipitation product from the corrosion of first generation nuclear fuel in the UK, with hydrogen gas produced as a reaction by-product. Depending on the bed microstructure, wettability and shear yield stress behaviour, some consolidated sediments of these corrosion products are able to trap a substantial volume of gas, sufficient in some instances to become buoyant with respect to a water supernatant, resulting in an undesirable upward transfer of radioactive material from the consolidated bed. These phenomena are investigated using the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen bubbles within magnesium hydroxide soft sediments at laboratory scale. X-ray tomography analysis showed that high strength ...

Four presentation will be given by researchers from Grenoble to make a focus on the different techniques using X-ray tomography as a powerful research tool in material sciences. ...

div class=citation vocab=http://schema.org/,,i class=fa fa-external-link-square fa-fw,,/i, Data from ,span resource=http://engineerradcc.library.link/resource/gDMHQ5O_UFc/ typeof=WorkExample http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/Instance,,span property=name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label,,a href=http://engineerradcc.library.link/resource/gDMHQ5O_UFc/,Developments in X-ray tomography III : 2-3 August, 2001, San Diego, [California], USA, Ulrich Bonse, chair/editor ; sponsored ... by SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering, (electronic resource),/a,,/span, - ,span property=offers typeOf=Offer,,span property=offeredBy typeof=Library ll:Library resource=http://engineerradcc.library.link/,,span property=name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label,,a property=url href=http://engineerradcc.library.link/,Engineer Research and Development Center Library,/a,,/span,,/span,,/span,,/span,,/div ...

Register your expression of interest to attend the Capital Roadmap for X-ray Tomography Town Meetings, which will be taking place on 08 November 2017 in London and 12 December in Manchester.

Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials von Jacques Desrues und Buchbewertungen gibt es auf ReadRate.com. Bücher können hier direkt online erworben werden.

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

p>Cell size is a key factor in initiating cell division in yeasts, and the number and volume of organelles have a profound impact on the function and viability of a cell. Soft X-ray tomography at the Advanced Light Source was used to characterize these parameters in strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at each of the key stages in the cell cycle and to determine relationships between cellular and organelle volumes. Results showed that growth of the major organelles-with the notable exception of vacuoles-is strictly regulated in accordance with cell size. Similar ratios were found to be maintained in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Candida albicans. These experiments will undoubtedly improve our understanding of how cells control their size and that of their component organelles.. Reference: Uchida, M., et al. 2011. Quantitative Analysis of Yeast Internal Architecture Using Soft X-Ray Tomography, Yeast 28, 227-36.. Topic Areas: ...

Sznitman, J; Sutter, R; Altorfer, D; Stampanoni, M; Rösgen, T; Schittny, J C (2010). Visualization of respiratory flows from 3D reconstructed alveolar airspaces using X-ray tomographic microscopy. Journal of Visualization, 13(4):337-345. ...

Computed tomography (CT) methods were applied to a problematic fossil spider (Arachnida: Araneae) from the historical Berendt collection of Eocene (ca. 44--4...

LInstitut Paul Scherrer PSI est le plus grand institut de recherche suisse pour les sciences naturelles et les sciences de lingénierie. La recherche de pointe est menée dans les domaines Matière et matériaux, Energie et Environnement, Santé.

Imaging of biological matter across resolution scales entails the challenge of preserving the direct and unambiguous correlation of subject features from the macroscopic to the microscopic level. Here, we present a correlative imaging platform developed specifically for imaging cells in 3D under cryogenic conditions by using X-rays and visible light. Rapid cryo-preservation of biological specimens is the current gold standard in sample preparation for ultrastructural analysis in X-ray imaging. However, cryogenic fluorescence localization methods are, in their majority, diffraction-limited and fail to deliver matching resolution. We addressed this technological gap by developing an integrated, user-friendly platform for 3D correlative imaging of cells in vitreous ice by using super-resolution structured illumination microscopy in conjunction with soft X-ray tomography. The power of this approach is demonstrated by studying the process of reovirus release from intracellular vesicles during the early

The variety of microstructures that form at low solidification speed in peritectic alloys, bands, and islands, or even coupled (or cooperative) growth of the primary α and peritectic β phases, have been previously explained by nucleation-growth mechanisms. In a recent investigation on Cu-Sn, a new growth mechanism was conjectured on the basis of two-dimensional (2-D) optical microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) observations made in longitudinal sections. In the present contribution, synchrotron-based tomographic microscopy has been used to confirm this mechanism: α and β phases totally interconnected in three dimensions and bands (or islands) can result from an overlay mechanism, rather than from a nucleation events sequence. When the lateral growth of a new layer is too fast, an instability can lead to the formation of a lamellar structure as for eutectic alloys. ...

We investigate a variant of the reconstruction technique for the in-line X-ray phase-contrast tomography data. This technique uses a newly introduced quantity, which represents a particular combination of the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index n. This quantity coincides with the real part of (1-n) in the case of objects having negligible absorption. The advantage of the proposed approach is in the significantly simplified form of the reconstruction algorithm for the introduced quantity. As demonstrated by our numerical experiments, the newly introduced quantity can be predictably associated with a particular refractive index.. ©2012 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...

List, a CEA Tech institute, is investigating ways to increase the use of X-ray tomography in non-destructive testing (NDT). The institutes Gerim 2 platform has a new robotic cell to help further this research.. X-ray tomography is a high-resolution imaging technique used for the non-destructive testing of sensitive parts. However, because the technique is difficult to implement, it had, until now, been used only to inspect small parts, due to the fact that the parts must be placed on a rotating platform between a fixed X-ray source and detector.. To use the technique on larger parts and, ultimately, right at the inspection site, List developed a new robotic inspection cell at its Gerim 2 platform. The cells major innovation is that the X-ray source and detector are no longer fixed. They are mounted on robotic arms, which move around the part being inspected, which remains fixed. The main development here was advanced algorithms to reconstruct tomographic images generated by non-standard ...

Improved three-dimensional biomedical imaging can give a better understanding of tissue structure, growth and diseases. Most present imaging techniques that provide cellular spatial resolution are based on visible or infrared light. These methods cannot image deeper than a millimeter into tissue. Consequently, larger samples cannot be completely imaged without sectioning. Techniques that are typically used to image larger samples dont provide sufficient contrast and resolution to image cellular-sized features in soft tissues. There is a need for new imaging methods that can fill the gap between present methods. For practical reasons, compact equipment is preferred, to enable close connection to other research and applications. Furthermore, minimized sample preparation both reduces the work needed and the time until results are ready.. In this Thesis, propagation-based phase-contrast tomography with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources has been investigated for high-resolution three-dimensional ...

CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): Abstract: Current computed tomography (CT) scanners, including micro-CT scanners, utilize a point x-ray source. As we target higher and higher spatial resolutions, the reduced x-ray focal spot size limits the temporal and contrast resolutions achievable. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we propose to use a line-shaped x-ray source so that many more photons can be generated, given a data acquisition interval. In reference to the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) algorithm for image reconstruction from projection data generated by an x-ray point source, here we develop a generalized SART algorithm for image reconstruction from projection data generated by an x-ray line source. Our numerical simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of our novel line-source-based x-ray CT approach and the proposed generalized SART algorithm.

Drought-related shrinking processes detected in living roots in the soil for the first time. Plant roots can shrink as a result of water deficit and lose contact with the surrounding soil. This effect has been suspected for a long time, but has only now been demonstrated for a fact with the help of x-ray tomography. The formation of an air gap could initially help plants prevent impending water losses when the soil dries out, say scientists from the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) writing in the Vadose Zone Journal. For their study, the researchers investigated roots of the white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) in sandy soil for a month, examining changes to the soil-root interface as the soil dried out and was irrigated, using x-ray tomography. Their research uncovered air gaps that formed as a result of root shrinkage during dry periods. These interactions between soil structure and biological activity make the soilroot interface a complex and dynamic biomaterial whose importance ...

The X-Ray tool is working and Sven showed some signal integrity results at the Luxembourg meeting. Sven will share the latest progress and results at this webex meeting. ...

Dont know who to contact? Use our general e-mailadres: [email protected].. Having trouble finding us? Get directions.. More information about using our facility can be found at the user page.. ...

The source size calculator, as published in [1], can be downloaded here. For the most recent version, please refer to the Github repository (external link). [1] G. Lovric, P. Oberta, I. Mohacsi, M. Stampanoni, and R. Mokso, Opt. Express 22, 2745 (2014), DOI: 10/q9m.

While X-ray crystallography is a powerful technique, artificial laboratory-grown crystals sometimes do not realistically reflect biology. The team sought to confirm their findings in living bacteria using an additional imaging technique called soft X-ray tomography, which bombards bacterial cells with X-rays to produce flat 2D images. The 2D images are then combined computationally to create a 3D picture of the whole, living bacteria. When packaging proteins lack the DNA-binding regions, the team found that the previously observed DNA networks are missing. In fact, the bacterial DNA seems to collapse into disarray, and the cell no longer grows properly. The team anticipates that these new findings may eventually lead to the development of next-generation antibiotic drugs that target this packaging system.. ...

A 4-cm piece of amber discovered among thousands of others in a quarry from southwestern France is helping to bridge a gap in our knowledge of the early development of feathers. The amber dates from the Early Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago, and encases at least seven beautifully preserved feathers of a primitive type never seen before. They represent a critical stage in the evolution of feathers.. Conventional imaging techniques using transmitted light microscopes were used first (Figure 144) but this did not reveal sufficient information for a precise assessement of the morphology of the feathers. Phase contrast X-ray synchrotron imaging techniques have already demonstrated their power on fossil inclusions in amber [1], so we decided to apply such methods to image the unique fossil feathers. To reveal the finest structures of the feathers in three dimensions, a mosaic of 6 scans was performed using a single-distance phase retrieval approach (holotomography) with a voxel size of ...

An improved X-ray tomography system having an X-ray source, X-ray detector assembly and support means including a frame supporting a rotatable drum on which at least the source is mounted for rotation in a scanning plane about an axis of rotation. The rotatable drum is supported for centerless rotation on a cradle formed by resilient rollers, with the top half of the drum free to expand or contract as a result of temperature changes. The rollers are resilient so as to dampen vibration transfer between the frame and drum.

Synonyms for computed axial tomography at Thesaurus.com with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions. Dictionary and Word of the Day.

Approach and Results-We combined an extensive in vivo imaging protocol (high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography at baseline and after 3, 10, 18, and 28 days of angiotensin II infusion) with synchrotron-based ultrahigh resolution ex vivo imaging (phase contrast X-ray tomographic microscopy) in n=47 angiotensin II-infused mice and 6 controls. Aortic regurgitation increased significantly over time, as did the luminal volume of the ascending aorta. In the samples that were scanned ex vivo, we observed one or several focal dissections, with the largest located in the outer convex aspect of the ascending aorta. The volume of the dissections moderately correlated to the volume of the aneurysm as measured in vivo (r2=0.46). After 3 days of angiotensin II infusion, we found an interlaminar hematoma in 7/12 animals, which could be linked to an intimal tear. There was also a significant increase in single laminar ruptures, which may have facilitated a progressive ...

The Potential Use of Transmission Tomography Techniques for the Quality Checking of Cement Encapsulated and Vitrified Wastes, J. Huddleston, I.G. Hutchinson, S.F. Burch, J.K. Perring books

Meera Hospital is a centrally in the heart of Pink city, Provides services Ultrasound Sonography, x-ray radiography, x-ray fluoroscopy, By our Experienced Doctors at Very reasonable rates in Jaipur India.

Trends in micro- and nanoComputed Tomography (CT) from January 2008 through July 2010 are the subject of this brief report which takes up where a previous report in Developments in X-ray Tomography VI (2008) concluded. First, the number of systems operating world-wide is estimated. The main focus is on what searches of three citation indices (Web of Science, Compendex and PubMed) reveal about the field of micro- and nanoCT. Given research-fielddependent and disparate terminology used by investigators, searches were on microtomography, microCT and synchrotron tomography ...

Babout, L., Marrow, T. J., Mummery, P., & Marsden, B. J. (2007). X-ray tomographic observations applied to porosity models for the thermal properties of oxidised nuclear graphite. 309, 116-123 ...

Non-destructive analytical methods can be performed on meteorites, such as X-ray tomography and fluorescence, measurements of the density, volume, and magnetic susceptibility and gamma rays from radioactive decays. Because they are non-destructive such methods are nowadays often applied on precious extraterrestrial samples before anything destructive. However, many essential methods in meteoritics are destructive and require partial consumption of specimens. The cutting, grinding, and polishing of a specimen to prepare a polished section for classification, study of mineralogy, and surface analysis already consumes some material. To establish a chronology of the Solar System, dating of meteorites or their components by mass spectrometry is necessary. This requires dissolution chemistry, combustion, or melting. Thanks to improved instruments, analytical techniques, and protocols, detection sensitivities increase, and smaller samples can be used. Another notable example that requires destruction ...

Purpose - Micro-focus X-ray computed tomography (CT) can be used to quantitatively evaluate the packing density, pore connectivity andvprovide the basis for specimen derived simulations of gas permeability of sand mould. This non-destructive experiment or following simulations can be done on any section of any size sand mould just before casting to validate the required properties. This paper aims to describe the challenges of this method and use it to simulate the gas permeability of 3D printed sand moulds for a range of controlling parameters. The permeability simulations are compared against experimental results using traditional measurement techniques. It suggests that a minimum volume of only 700 700 700 mm3 is required to obtain, a reliable and most representative than the value obtained by the traditional measurement technique, the simulated permeability of a specimen. Design/methodology/approach - X-ray tomography images were used to reconstruct 3D models to simulate them for gas ...

In this work, a first-of-its-kind fully integrated tri-modality system that combines fluorescence, diffuse optical and x-ray tomography (FT/DOT/XCT) into the same setting is presented. The purpose of this system is to perform quantitative fluorescence tomography using multi-modality imaging approach. XCT anatomical information is used as structural priori while optical background heterogeneity information obtained by DOT measurements is used as functional priori. The performance of the hybrid system is evaluated using multi-modality phantoms. In particular, we show that a 2.4 mm diameter fluorescence inclusion located in a heterogeneous medium can be localized accurately with the functional a priori information, although the fluorophore concentration is recovered with 70% error. On the other hand, the fluorophore concentration can be accurately recovered within 8% error only when both DOT optical background functional and XCT structural a priori information are utilized to guide and constrain ...

An interview with Dr. Gerry McDermott of the National Center for X-ray Tomography. Dr. Biology tours the synchrotron that is also called the giant monster. Dr. Biology learns how the football sized facility is used to power a new kind of microscope.. Content Info , Transcript ...

An algorithm is created and applied to reconstruct the wavelet coefficients of an image from the Radon transform data for use in computed tomography, with a disclosed method that uses the properties of wavelets to localize the Radon transform such that a local region of the cross section of a body can be reconstructed using almost completely local data to significantly reduce the amount of exposure and computations in X-ray tomography. The described algorithm is based on the observation that for some wavelet bases with sufficiently many vanishing moments, the ramp-filtered version of the scaling function as well as the wavelet function has extremely rapid decay, with the variance of the elements of the nullspace is being negligible in the locally reconstructed image. ...

The principles of 3D surface (SEM) reconstruction and its limitations will be explained. 3D volume reconstruction and tomography methods by electron microscopy (SEM/FIB and TEM) will be explained and compared with x-ray tomography.

This is a general imaging course intended to: 1) cover the basic physical principles of image formation and contrast of the main imaging modalities; and 2) introduce their applications in disciplines such as medicine, biology, and chemistry. It is designed to be given for non-physics students and to explain elements of hardware, basic energy interaction leading to image formation, basic image properties including signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and contrast, and finally sample and technical factors controlling image contrast. The main modalities include: x-ray imaging, computed x-ray tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS), Nuclear Medicine (SPECT, PET Imaging). Functional and multi-dimensional imaging is also introduced. Students may be asked to cover elementary topics according to their background. ...

Objectives - Image-Based Rock Physics (IBRP) simulation of petrophysical properties based on sub-micron to micron-scale images of very fine-grain rocks is constrained by the resolution and range of various imaging techniques used. Unlike some conventional sandstone and carbonate reservoir rock where a single Micro-Computed X-ray Tomography (μCT) volume images nearly all of the significant pores and pore throats, many low-permeability rock types contain phase regions with micro-pores and pore throats, including intergranular microcrack pores, that are not accurately resolved at the required μCT scale needed for a representative elementary volume (REV) for the whole rock. Properties for these regions are obtained at a finer-scale or using a different measurement method and these properties then assigned to the phase regions at the larger REV scale. This study explores the methodology involved in obtaining and assigning microcrack properties in μCT rock images and demonstrates a workflow to ...

This area involves study and research in mechanics of composite materials, fracture mechanics, nano and micromechanics of materials, constitutive equations, mechanical behavior at high strain rates, structural analysis, and structural stability.. Experimental facilities include equipment for static structural testing; digital data acquisition equipment; uniaxial and biaxial materials-testing machines; custom loading devices; environmental chambers; microscopes; photomechanics facilities; composites processing equipment; facilities for microstructural analysis; and high-speed imaging and high strain rate mechanical testing facilities. Equipment for nano and microscale scale experiments include an atomic force microscope, an interfacial force microscope, a nano indentor, a confocal microscope and an X-ray tomography device. Computing facilities include workstations, high-performance computers, and networks of workstations.. ...

The ambition of such a GDRI is formulating a conceptual tool named as the nanoscope that combines most advanced statistical Physics numerical simulations (such as accelerated Molecular Dynamics) and experiments (such as X-Ray tomography and microscopy…). This nanoscope tools aims at elucidating the 3D texture of those multi-scale (and most of the time porous) materials from the scale of atoms to microns focusing in particular of mechanical and transport properties. The coupling between numerical simulation and experiments is a major theme of the GDRI and is one of the most challenging issues in Material Science, Mechanics and condensed matter Physics.. From a computational point of view, two ways are usually put forward: a utopian one that aims at developing the ultimate simulation code and a more pragmatic one that considers associating different scales by passing the right piece of information to the scale above and create an interface, for instance between atomistic description and ...

The oxidation of a carbon anode with air and CO2 occurs during the electrolysis of alumina in Hall-Héroult cells, resulting in a significant overconsumption of carbon and dusting. Boron is well known to decrease the rate of this reaction for graphite. In this work, the application of boron oxide has been investigated to evaluate its inhibition effect on the air oxidation reaction, and to provide an effective protection for anodes. Different methods of impregnation coating have been explored. Impregnated anode samples were gasified under air at 525 °C according to the standard measurement methods. X-ray tomography was used to obtain the microstructural information of the samples before and after air-burning tests. The impregnated samples showed a very low oxidation reaction rate and dust generation.

Our research activities are mainly concerned with the transition from the grain level to the REV level, from experimental and modeling vantage points, without excluding, however, the REV-to-structures transition issue. On the one hand, observations coming from the scanning electronic microscope, X-ray tomography and also destructive tests on individual grains, are designed to characterize the grain scale. These observations are then related to the stress - strain - strength relationship at the REV scale. In particular, a set of 3 triaxial cells (for samples of 70mm, 250mm and 1000mm, respectively) is employed to investigate the effect of grain breakage, whose amount is determined through grain size distributions (GSD) after loading, on the strength properties of dry frictional crushable soils (with maximum grain diameter of 12mm, 40mm and 160mm with regard to the respective sample size). On the other hand, from a numerical point of view, a homogenization procedure has been successfully developed ...

The researchers geospeedometer is based on millimeter-sized quartz crystals that grew within the magma bodies that produced these giant eruptions. Quartz crystals are typically found in magmas that have a high percentage of silica. This type of magma is very viscous and commonly produces extremely violent eruptions. Mount St. Helens was a recent example.. When the crystals form, they often capture small blobs of molten magma - known as blebs or melt inclusions. Blebs are initially round. While the crystal is floating in hot magma, diffusion causes them to gradually acquire the polygonal shape of the crystal void that they occupy. But this faceting process can be halted if eruption occurs before complete faceting is achieved.. Using advanced 3-D X-ray tomography, the researchers were able to measure the size and shape of the melt inclusions with exquisite precision. In cases where the inclusions had not become completely faceted, the researchers could determine how much time had elapsed since ...

Research Areas: Fibre networks, Porosity, Scaffolds, Osteoblast, Monocyte, Mesenchymal stem cells, Cell proliferation, Cell differentiation, Cell viability, Cytotoxicity, Inflammatory response, Cell-material interactions, Topography, Bioreactor, X-ray tomography. ...

The demonstration of cerebral oedema by computerised axial tomography (CAT) in patients with migraine was drawn to our attention by Drs J Ambrose and J Gawler of London. The subsequent unexpected finding of a significant degree of cerebral atrophy in a migraine sufferer further prompted our interest in the CAT changes in these patients. The findings in 46 patients with migrainous headaches were therefore reviewed.. ...

Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) was used to characterize the three-dimensional microstructure, geometry and distribution of different phases in two shale samples obtained from the North Sea (sample N1) and the Upper Barnett Formation in Texas (sample B1). Shale is a challenging material because of its multiphase composition, small grain size, low but significant amount of porosity, as well as strong shape- and lattice-preferred orientation. The goals of this round-robin project were to (i) characterize microstructures and porosity on the micrometer scale, (ii) compare results measured at three synchrotron facilities, and (iii) identify optimal experimental conditions of high-resolution SRXTM for fine-grained materials. SRXTM data of these shales were acquired under similar conditions at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA, the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Argonne National Laboratory, USA, and the Swiss Light Source (SLS) of ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Assaying three-dimensional cellular architecture using X-ray tomographic and correlated imaging approaches. AU - Bayguinov, Peter O.. AU - Fisher, Max R.. AU - Fitzpatrick, James A.J.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Bayguinov et al. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2020/11/13. Y1 - 2020/11/13. N2 - Much of our understanding of the spatial organization of and interactions between cellular organelles and macromolecular complexes has been the result of imaging studies utilizing either light- or electron-based microscopic analyses. These classical approaches, while insightful, are nonetheless limited either by restrictions in resolution or by the sheer complexity of generating multidimensional data. Recent advances in the use and application of X-rays to acquire micro- and nanotomographic data sets offer an alternative methodology to visualize cellular architecture at the nanoscale. These new approaches allow for the subcellular analyses of ...

The Secret World of Moths is a magical journey to the world of moths. Using 3D X-ray tomography we shed light to their hidden macrocosm and explore their way of life in an unprecedented way. Geograp hically the film spans from the Arctic Circle to the Equator. Observing these two extreme environments helps us learn about and understand the diversity and complexity of their macroscopic world and our fragile existence on planet Earth. The secret world of moths through the eyes of a scientist Moths are a highly diverse group of insects. In terms of species richness among all animal groups, m oths come second only to beetles. Moths and butterflies belong to the same order, Lepidoptera, but the vast majority of all lepidopterans are indeed moths. Despite their abundance, moths have not at tracted much attention and they may seem like an odd choice for a film. However, filmmakers Hannes Vartiainen and Pekka Veikkolainen show that moths do have fascinating tales to tell. This film pre sents stunning ...

X-Ray imaging has proven invaluable in a host of military and commercial applications-from spotting tiny cracks in aircraft wings, to making medical diagnoses, to scanning passengers bags to keep the flying public safe. X-ray radiography can highlight heavier chemical elements very well its not very good at revealing lighter elements, such as hydrogen. Thats why X-ray radiography machines are generally blind to water or other liquids.. By contrast, neutron radiography which uses neutrons to image objects is very good at visualizing lighter elements and liquids, in some cases even identifying a substances atomic makeup. Unfortunately, neutron sources are not nearly as portable and practical as X-ray machines, typically extending up to tens of meters in length and requiring powerful energy sources to generate the neutrons.. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agencys (DARPA) new Intense and Compact Neutron Sources (ICONS) program seeks to develop a portable unit able to generate both ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Evaluation based on Monte Carlo simulation of lifetime attributable risk of cancer after neck X-ray radiography. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Viscosity change and structural transition of Molten Fe at 5 GPa. AU - Terasaki, Hidenori. AU - Kato, Takumi. AU - Urakawa, S.. AU - Funakoshi, K.. AU - Sato, K.. AU - Suzuki, A.. AU - Okada, T.. PY - 2002/4/15. Y1 - 2002/4/15. N2 - The in situ viscosity measurements of the pure molten Fe under high pressures were made by falling sphere X-ray radiography method. Viscosity coefficients at about 2000 K were 15-24 mPa s at 2.7-5.0 GPa, and 4-9 mPa s at 5.0-7.0 GPa. Drastic decrease was found at around 5 GPa, at which stable solid phase below the melting temperatures change from delta (bcc) to gamma (fcc) phases. The observation indicates the possibility that the structural change in the molten Fe occurs in a narrow pressure interval (1 GPa) at the similar condition with the phase transformation in the solid.. AB - The in situ viscosity measurements of the pure molten Fe under high pressures were made by falling sphere X-ray radiography method. Viscosity coefficients at about 2000 K ...

0005]The laser pump energy required to obtain gain-saturated operation of EUV/SXR lasers has been significantly reduced by directing the picosecond pump pulse at a grazing angle of incidence into a pre-created plasma [See, e.g., R. Keenan et al. High repetition rate grazing incidence pumped X-ray laser operating at 18.9 nm, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, art. 103901, (2005); B. M. Luther et al. Saturated high-repetition-rate 18.9-nm tabletop laser in nickel like molybdenum, Opt. Lett. 30, 165-167 (2005); Y. Wang et al. Demonstration of saturated high repetition rate tabletop soft x-ray lasers at wavelengths down to 13.9 nm and gain down to 10.9 nm, Phys. Rev. A 72, Art. #053807, (2005); J. J. Rocca et al. Saturated 13.2 nm high-repetition-rate laser in nickel like cadmium, Opt. Lett. 30, 2581-2583 (2005); D. Alessi et al. High repetition rate operation of saturated table-top soft x-ray lasers in transitions of neon-like ions near 30 nm, Opt. Express 13, 2093-2098 (2005); and M. A. Larotonda et ...

The soft x-ray emission from plasma produced in polyacetal and polyethylene capillary discharges excited by current pulses 100 ns full-width half-maximum (FWHM), 50 ns risetime, and peak currents up to 60 kA has been studied. Time-resolved spectra show that intense Cᴠɪ line emission dominates in the polyethylene discharges, peaking shortly after the maximum of the current and vanishing before the end of the current pulse. Polyacetal capillary spectra are dominated by Oᴠɪ lines and show weak Cᴠɪ emission. Plasma density and temperature for the polyethylene discharge were derived from the Stark ...

X-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography make use of the refraction of X-rays by the sample in image formation. This provides considerable additional information in the image compared to conventional X-ray imaging methods, which rely solely on X-ray absorption by the sample. Phase-contrast imaging highlights edges and internal boundaries of a sample and is thus complementary to absorption contrast, which is more sensitive to the bulk of the sample. Phase-contrast can also be used to image low-density materials, which do not absorb X-rays sufficiently to form a conventional X-ray image. In the context of materials science, X-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography have particular value in the 2D and 3D characterization of low-density materials, the detection of cracks and voids and the analysis of composites and multiphase materials where the different components have similar X-ray attenuation coefficients. Here we review the use of phase-contrast imaging and tomography for a wide variety of

The application of the X-ray phase-contrast `edge illumination principle to the highly coherent beams available at synchrotron radiation facilities is presented here. We show that, in this configuration, the technique allows achieving unprecedented angular sensitivity, of the order of few nanoradians. The results are obtained at beamlines of two different synchrotron radiation facilities, using various experimental conditions. In particular, different detectors and X-ray energies (12 keV and 85 keV) were employed, proving the flexibility of the method and the broad range of conditions over which it can be applied. Furthermore, the quantitative separation of absorption and refraction information, and the application of the edge illumination principle in combination with computed tomography, are also demonstrated. Thanks to its extremely high phase sensitivity and its flexible applicability, this technique will both improve the image quality achievable with X-ray phase-contrast imaging and allow ...

The raw data collected by a PET scanner are a list of coincidence events representing near-simultaneous detection of annihilation photons by a pair of detectors. Each coincidence event represents a line in space connecting the two detectors along which the positron emission occurred. Coincidence events can be grouped into projections images, called sinograms. The sinograms are sorted by the angle of each view and tilt, the latter in 3D case images. The sinogram images are analogous to the projections captured by computed tomography (CT) scanners, and can be reconstructed in a similar way. However, the statistics of the data is much worse than those obtained through transmission tomography. A normal PET data set has millions of counts for the whole acquisition, while the CT can reach a few billion counts. Furthermore, PET data suffer from scatter and random events much more dramatically than CT data does. In practice, considerable pre-processing of the data is required - correction for random ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Differential Effects of Age and Cerebral Atrophy Upon Span of Immediate Recall and Paired-Associate Learning in Older Patients Suspected of Dementia. AU - Kaszniak, A. W.. AU - Garron, D. C.. AU - Fox, J.. N1 - Funding Information: 1 Preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by USPHS Grant AG00905. Thanks are extended to Michael Huckman, M. D., for assistance in obtaining and measuring computerized tomograms. A preliminary draft of this paper, based upon a smaller number of subjects, was presented at the fourth annual meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society, Toronto, Canada, February, 1976.. PY - 1979. Y1 - 1979. N2 - Seventy-eight patients suspected of dementia, 50 years of age or older and without evidence of focal cerebral lesion or systemic illness, were administered the Digit-Span Forward and Paired-Associate Learning subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale. Computerized axial tomography, allowing a visualization and measurement of the lateral ...

We hypothesize the reason the vessel distal to the stenosis appeared occluded on DSA images, when CTA clearly showed the vessel to be patent, is related to differences in image acquisition time for DSA and CTA modalities. Angiographic runs are obtained during the course of a single intracranial circulation cycle, typically 5-7 seconds on average, by using a 3-4 frame per second filming rate, whereas CTA studies are acquired over approximately 60 seconds by using a single detector and 30 seconds by using a four detector helical scanner, allowing the contrast material to circulate up to 4-12 times in the intracranial vessels before imaging, which permits flow of a larger volume of contrast material through a tight stenosis. This greater volume of contrast material distal to a tight stenosis coupled with the HU-based methods of transmission tomography, may help to make these vessel segments more conspicuous, thus rendering visibly stenotic, but patent, arterial segments on CTA images that appear ...

Three dimensional synchrotron x-ray tomographic (SRXTM) datasets and analyses of nuclei and nucleoli in embryo-like fossils from the Ediacaran Wengan Biota ...

Three dimensional synchrotron x-ray tomographic (SRXTM) datasets and analyses of nuclei and nucleoli in embryo-like fossils from the Ediacaran Wengan Biota ...

Welcome to the research website of the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen. Our research has a strong focus on early detection and early treatment of common diseases. It covers fundamental research on a molecular level, development of new medical devices and software tools, and translates these results to clinical applications that can be used in daily routine. Our mission is to bridge the gap between research and practice and to help shape the future of healthcare. We use technology to make healthcare more affordable by increasing automation of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, thus freeing manpower for those areas in patient care in which the human touch is most needed. The six fundamental science groups cover ultrasound (MUSIC), biomedical MR (BioMR), diagnostic image analysis (DIAG), nuclear medicine (NucMed), advanced x-ray tomographic imaging (AXTI), and Image-guided Interventions (MAGIC). Clinical research is mainly focused on ...

X-ray computed tomography, also computed tomography (CT scan) or computed axial tomography (CAT scan), is a medical imaging procedure that utilizes computer-processed X-rays to produce tomographic images or slices of specific areas of the body. These cross-sectional images are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in various medical disciplines.. ...

Computerized tomography (CT scan) is a procedure that assists in diagnosing tumors, fractures, bony structures, and infections in the organs and tissues of the body. The procedure is also known as computed axial tomography (CAT scan).

[amazon_link asins=1628418257,0781777968,0071843868,0323312888,0781777518,0323065902′ template=ProductCarousel store=finmeacur-20′ marketplace=US link_id=8b3945b0-c6a1-11e7-8188-91bae2df94b9′] Definition: Computed tomography (CT) scan, also called computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan, is used to create cross-sectional images of structures in the body. In this procedure, x-rays are taken from many different angles and processed through a computer to produce a three-dimensional (3-D) image called a tomogram. ……………CLICK & […]

CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography ...

Computed tomography, also known as computed axial tomography or CT scan, is a tool doctors use to diagnose several types of health problems. It creates detailed images of structures inside your body which helps doctors get a look at your internal organs and then advise further treatment. A CT scan exposes your body to some radiation that involves an amount of risk.. During the second wave of COVID-19 in India, there has been a rampant rise in the number of CT scans being done at various centers in India. A rising concern here is because a lot of these centers do not require a prescription or do not validate the prescriptions before posting a patient for the scan. Considering these developments and unnecessary CT scans being done, experts have warned against unnecessary CT scans by patients having mild Covid-19 symptoms and said that overuse of CT scans increases exposure to radiation which in turn escalates the risk of cancer. This is also because the treating physicians know better about the ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a safe and painless test that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the brain and the brain stem. An MRI differs from a CAT scan (also called a CT scan or a computed axial tomography scan) because it does not use radiation ...

A CAT scan or computerized axial tomography is a technique of examining a mass of the body. It allows an individual to see the 3D images of the mass. A CAT scan helps in diagnosing various parts of the body and allows us to see if there are any cranial bleeds or tumor. CAT scan gives more information than regular X-rays which are 2D.The CAT scan procedure tends to be completely painless, however a person needs to lie still for a certain period of time. The patient may have to fast for up to four to six hours depending on the area to be scanned ...

Symptoms can consist of sensation perturbed or restless, a rapid heart beat, raised body vomiting, temperature level, or queasiness. Clinical depression medications, such as sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, venlafaxineyou, or duloxetine may have enhanced degrees of serotonin (a hormonal agent in your body). Taking this medicine with tramadol may make tramadol much less effective in easing your discomfort. It likewise decreases the amount of tramadol in your body and also enhances your risk of seizures.. Theyre made use of for discomfort that is anticipated to last for only a short time. When you need it for pain or on a normal basis, you may be told to take fast-acting tramadol only. Always follow the guidelines offered to you by your physician. Medical professionals might ask for imaging examinations, such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or a digital axial tomography (FELINE) scan, to get a better image of the nerves and also just how they are influenced. ...

Three patients presented with sudden visual impairment followed by agitated delirium one to three days later. Examination revealed marked agitation, dementia, and loss of vision. Computerised axial tomography demonstrated temporo-occipital infarctions. All recovered from the agitated state in four days to two months, but their visual impairment and dementia persisted one to four years later.. ...

An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and a CAT (computerized axial tomography) scan are tests that gather information about your brain. These test are

Physicians have relied on computerized axial tomography scans (CAT) for many years. CAT scans are an X-ray procedure that uses many different X-ray images with the help of computers to generate cross-sectional or even 3D views of internal organs and structures within the body. A knee replacement surgery, for example, …. Read More » ...

The electric field pattern was measured using a triaxial probe, connected via an optical cable to a field meter having an overall calibration uncertainty of ±1.5 dB. A bidirectional coupler and a bichannel power meter were used to monitor direct and reflected powers. The whole-body and specific tissue SARs were calculated by numerical dosimetry, using the FDTD method and a 20-g mouse voxel model obtained by spiral Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) scan, where 11 kinds of tissue were recognized and dielectric properties assigned according to Gabriel and Gabriel [1996]. Exposure to a plane wave with propagation along the longitudinal axis of the animal and the E-field vertical was simulated, and results were validated by temperature rise measurements (CW at 7 W) performed on a homogeneous cylindrical 20-g phantom (with a cone tip) placed in the position of the mouse. The overall uncertainty on SAR results did not exceed ±30%. Gabriel C, Gabriel S. 1996. Compilation of the dielectric properties ...

We determined the effects of high gestational loads on ventilation and the rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) in the scincid lizard Tiliqua rugosa. Tiliqua rugosa is a large viviparous lizard that gives birth to one to four young after 6-7 mo gestation. Pregnant females gave birth to large young, weighing 89.5±5.9 g, which represents 21.6%±2.6% of maternal body mass. As the embryos developed, they occupied an increasingly large proportion of the body cavity, decreasing food consumption and compressing the gastrointestinal tract. Computerized axial tomography scans demonstrated that the lungs were compressed and/or regionally collapsed by the developing embryos, potentially compromising ventilation. Both minute ventilation (VE) and tidal volume decreased as gestation progressed, but no compensatory changes in breathing frequency or in the duration of the nonventilatory period were observed. The total rate of VO2, consisting of contributions from both maternal and fetal tissues, did not change ...

A case of pseudohypoparathyroidism in a middle-aged female presenting with severe Parkinsonism is reported. Correction of serum calcium led to marked clinical improvement suggesting that symptoms and signs were exacerbated by hypocalcaemia and tetanic spasm. Calcification of the basal ganglia was not detected on skull X-ray but was revealed by computerized axial tomography.. ...

El Archivo Digital UPM alberga en formato digital la documentacion academica y cientifica (tesis, pfc, articulos, etc..) generada en la Universidad Politecnica de Madrid.Los documentos del Archivo Digital UPM son recuperables desde buscadores: Google, Google Academics, Yahoo, Scirus, etc y desde recolectores OAI: E-ciencia, DRRD, Recolecta (REBIUN-FECYT), Driver, Oaister, etc.

This project is part of the DOE research program on the biological effects of low dose and dose rate ionizing radiation. This DOE program is designed to support and conduct science that can impact the subsequent development of health risk policy for low dose radiation exposures in the US. The overall, long-term goal of this project is to increase understanding of the responses of cells to the low doses of ionizing radiation typically encountered in environmental level exposures. To achieve this objective, we couple use of a unique focused soft X-ray facility for low dose irradiation of individual cells or irradiation of specific subcellular regions of cells with studies of the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in cells. The project includes seven specific goals: (1) Determine the response of individual cells to low doses of ionizing radiation from a focused soft X-ray beam with a 250 nm diameter beam spot. (2) Determine the response of cells to ROS generated by chemical agents in a

This thesis looks at the turkey P2Y1, human P2Y2, human P2Y4 and rat P2Y6 receptors transfected into the human astrocytoma null cell line 1321N1 to investigate signalling pathways linking G protein receptor activation to tyrosine phosphorylation, MAPK and mitogenesis. This was compared with results for the native primary cell preparation of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells.;Previous work by others and us has established that all 1321N1 transfected P2Y receptors are strongly linked to an increase in PLC activation. Neither the turkey P2Y1 or human P2Y2 receptors were coupled to an increase in overall tyrosine phosphorylation assessed by PY20 antibody western blot. Pervanadate alone gave large increases in tyrosine phosphorylation, but no further increase in tyrosine phosphorylation was observed with co-addition of 2MeSATP to the turkey P2Y1 transfectants. Co-addition of UTP and a sub-maximal concentration of prevanadate on the human P2Y2 receptor gave a reduction in tyrosine ...

Bruker microCT can genuinely claim to be at the fore-front of the development of high performance micro-CT technology. Our research and development of 3D x-ray microscopy started in the early 1980s. This led to the first micro-CT imaging results being obtained in 1983-1987 and published in scientific journals and international conferences proceedings. Building on this early work, Bruker-microCT was founded in 1996, and within a year we were manufacturing a commercially available micro-CT scanner with spatial resolution in the micron range. In 2001 we produced the first high-resolution in vivo micro-CT scanner for small animal imaging. And in 2005 Bruker-microCTbecame the worlds only supplier of a laboratory nano-CT scanner with submicron spatial resolution. Responding to demand from the growing community of micro-CT users, we are continually active in research and development into new methods for non-destructive 3D microscopy. ...

SkyScan produces a wide range of the systems for non-invasive three-dimensional x-ray microscopy and for small animal imaging with spatial resolution in the micron range.

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Author(s): Li, Y; Meyer, S; Lim, J; Lee, SC; Gent, WE; Marchesini, S; Krishnan, H; Tyliszczak, T; Shapiro, D; Kilcoyne, ALD; Chueh, WC | Abstract: © 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. High-resolution X-ray microscopy is used to investigate the sequence of lithiation in LiFePO4porous electrodes. For electrodes with homogeneous interparticle electronic connectivity via the carbon black network, the smaller particles lithiate first. For electrodes with heterogeneous connectivity, the better-connected particles preferentially lithiate. Correlative electron and X-ray microscopy also reveal the presence of incoherent nanodomains that lithiate as if they are separate particles.

Professor Yao-Yong Lin, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. • Cell Structural Characterization of Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Inactivated Staphylococcus Aureus Via Atomic Force Microscopy and Transmission X-Ray Microscopy Professor Baojun Liu, Guizhou University, P. R. China. ...

Magnetic systems play a vital role in our everyday life. They are important in many modern technologies, including magnetic storage devices, sensors, hybrid motors and energy conservation products.

McPhersons Model 642-1 calibration light source for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft x-ray (XUV) features a six-position anode carousel to exchange target materials

Abstract: Using time-resolved resonant soft x-ray diffraction, we measure the evolution of the full three-dimensional scattering volume of the antiferromagnetic superlattice reflection in the single-layermanganite La0.5Sr1.5MnO4on femtosecond time scales following photoexcitation. We find that the in-plane correlations are unchanged as a metastable state is entered, however there are subtle changes in the c-axis correlations. We observe a transient shift of the scattering ellipsoid along (00L) at very short times, and at longer time scales the short-range c-axis correlations are more robust than they are in equilibrium. Such results are not obtainablewith any other techniques and hint at previously unresolved processes in the dynamics of photomelting in strongly correlated systems ...

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Micro-focus Real-time Imaging Non-destructive Testing System Micro-focus Real-time Imaging Non-destructive Testing System Micro-focus real-time imaging non-destructive testing system is applied in the fields of non-destructive testing (NDT) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). It is an advanced NDT....... ...

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Phase Contrast Trinocular biological compound 40x-1600x microscope with 2MP USB Camera from MicroscopeNet, Model#: XM837PHB1C20C, quality product for labs, clinics Great selections of Compound, Stereo, Industrial Microscopes