Global Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) Market Professional Survey Report 2017 1 Industry Overview of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.1 Definition and Specifications of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.1.1 Definition of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.1.2 Specifications of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.2 Classification of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.2.1 Primary Level 1.2.2 Boutique Level 1.3 Applications of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 1.3.1 Polyurethane Coating 1.3.2 Waterproof Material 1.3.3 Building Materials 1.3.4 Vehicle 1.3.5 Thin Film 1.3.6 Other 1.4 Market Segment by Regions 1.4.1 North America 1.4.2 China 1.4.3 Europe 1.4.4 Southeast Asia 1.4.5 Japan 1.4.6 India 2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers 2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) ...

Transparency Market Research has released a new market report titled "Toluene Diisocyanate Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2015 - 2023." According to the report, the global toluene diisocyanate market was valued at US$ 6.72 Bn in 2014 and is likely to reach US$ 10.27 Bn in 2023, expanding at a CAGR of 4.8% from 2015 to 2023. In terms of volume, demand for toluene diisocyanate stood at 2,231.5 kilo tons in 2014.Toluene diisocyanate is one of the primary raw materials used in the production of polyurethane products across the globe. The toluene diisocyanate market is segmented based on product types such as flexible foam, rigid foam, coatings, adhesives & sealants, and elastomers. Flexible foam was the largest application segment in the global toluene diisocyanate market, accounting for about 80% share in 2014 ...

The present invention provides rigid polyurethane foam comprising thermally expandable particles which are displaced to penetrate a strut of a structure of the polyurethane foam so that the particles are exposed into one or more cells of the polyurethane foam during foaming. Further, the rigid polyurethane foam can comprise hollow thermally expanded particles which are displaced to penetrate a surface of a cell in the polyurethane foam so that the particles are exposed into one or more cells of the polyurethane foam during foaming. The rigid polyurethane of the present invention can have excellent insulating properties.

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Hazards. Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is extremely toxic. The threshold limit value set by the American Conference on Government Industrial Hygienists is 0.02 ppm. MIC is toxic by inhalation, ingestion and contact in quantities as low as 0.4 ppm. Exposure symptoms includes coughing, chest pain, dyspnea, asthma, irritation of the eyes, nose and throat, as well as skin damage. Higher levels of exposure, over 21 ppm, can result in pulmonary or lung edema, emphysema and hemorrhages, bronchial pneumonia and death. Although the odor of methyl isocyanate cannot be detected at 5 ppm by most people, its potent lachrymal properties provide an excellent warning of its presence (at a concentration of 2-4 parts per million (ppm) subject's eyes are irritated, while at 21 ppm, subjects could not tolerate the presence of methyl isocyanate in air).. Proper care must be taken to store methyl isocyanate because of its ease of exothermically polymerizing (see Reactions) and its similar sensitivity to water. Only ...

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United States Patent 3,632,620 PREPARATION OF ISOCYANATES FROM CARBODIHVIIDES Ehrenfried H. Kober, Hamden, and Wilhelm J. Schnabel, Branford, C0nn., assignors to Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation No Drawing. Filed June 26, 1968, Ser. No. 740,064 Int. Cl. C07c 119/04 US. Cl. 260-453 P 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Organic carbodiimides are reacted with carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst at an elevated pressure and elevated temperature to produce organic isocyanates. The catalyst is preferably at least one metal or compound of a metal found in Groups Ib, IIb, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, VIa, VIb, Illa, VIIa, VIII, and in the Lanthanide series of the Periodic Table. This invention relates to the preparation of organic isocyanates from organic carbodiimides. Organic isocyanates are used extensively in the preparation of urethane foams, coatings, and fibers, as well as in the preparation of insecticides, pesticides and the like. Commercial processes for preparing ...

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A 0.4 wt%Pt/Ce0.76Zr0.19Zn0.05O1.95 catalyst was prepared by the evaporative drying method. The catalytic toluene oxidation activity of the catalyst was investigated and the calcination temperature dependence on the toluene oxidation activity was characterized. It was confirmed that only CO2 and steam were produced by the complete oxidation of toluene, and no toluene-derived compounds were detected as by-products with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Toluene was completely oxidized at 320 °C on the 0.4 wt%Pt/Ce0.76Zr0.19Zn0.05O1.95 catalyst calcined at 500 °C. The toluene oxidation activity slightly decreased with increasing the calcination temperature of the catalyst. However, significant deactivation was not recognized in the present 0.4 wt%Pt/Ce0.76Zr0.19Zn0.05O1.95 catalyst, and toluene was completely oxidized at 360 °C even after calcination at 1000 °C. From these results, it became obvious that the 0.4 wt%Pt/Ce0.76Zr0.19Zn0.05O1.95 catalyst has high thermal stability for toluene

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A gas chromatographic method was applied to the determination of the urinary glycine conjugates, hippuric, o-, m- and p-methylhippuric acids. These were extracted with ethyl acetate from urine after acidification with hydrochloric acid. The internal standard solution (heptadecanoic acid methanol solution) was added before extraction and a diazomethane-ether-ethanol solution was subsequently added to the dried extracts. The methylated residues were dissolved in methanol and injected into a gas chromatograph as described by Buchet and Lauwerys (1973). By the combined use of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry the methyl esters of hippuric acid and m-methylhippuric acid were identified in the urine of a volunteer who had been exposed to toluene and m-xylene vapours. When the urine specimen contained salicyluric acid (a urinary metabolite of salicylic acid) two sharp peaks were observed. The faster peak coincided with m- or p-methylhippuric acid. The upper limit of urinary hippuric acid ...

United States Patent U.S. Cl. 2602.5 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Polyurethane foams with improved uniformity of cell size in the absence of striations and undesirable discoloration are prepared using mixtures of toluene diisocyanate and polyphenylmethylene polyisocyanate. This application is a division of parent application, Ser. No' 358,633, filed Apr. 9, 1964. This invention relates to organic polyisocyanates and more particularly to an improved mixture of polyisocyanates which produce polyurethane plastics having improved properties. It has been proposed heretofore to prepared polyurethane plastics from organic polyisocyanates. Moreover, it is known that mixtures of homologous organic polyisocyanates can be made and used together for reaction with active hydrogen containing compounds to prepare polyurethane plastics. The heretofore known mixtures of homologous polyisocyanates have not always been satis factory for the production of polyurethane plastics, particularly polyurethane ...

0089]The mixture was diluted with acetone and neutralized with 13.58 g potassium hydroxide pellets. 600 g of distilled water was added to the neutralized mixture under high shear to form a stable aqueous solution followed by evaporation under vacuum to remove organic solvents. The final solution was 29.02% solids. [0090]Polyurethane PU-13: An 85 acid number polyurethane made with isophorone diisocyanate and a 2900 Mw polytetrahydrofuran polyol where 100% of the acid groups are neutralized with potassium hydroxide. The overall Mw is 42500. [0091]Polyurethane PU-14: An 85 acid number polyurethane made with isophorone diisocyanate and a 2000 Mw polytetrahydrofuran polyol where 100% of the acid groups are neutralized with potassium hydroxide. The overall Mw is 40500. [0092]Polyurethane PU-15: An 85 acid number polyurethane made with isophorone diisocyanate and a 2000 Mw polytetrahydrofuran polyol where 85% of the acid groups are neutralized with potassium hydroxide. The overall Mw is 27100. ...

TY - JOUR AU - Ćirković, Tanja AU - Gavrović-Jankulović, Marija AU - Prisić, S. AU - Jankov, Ratko AU - Burazer, Lidija AU - Vučković, Olga AU - Šporčić, Zorica AU - Paranos, Svetlana PY - 2002 UR - http://intor.torlakinstitut.com/handle/123456789/151 AB - Background: Reaction of epsilon-amino groups of lysine with potassium cyanate, maleic, or succinic anhydride leads to allergoids of low molecular weight. No study has been performed to compare their properties and investigate the influence of a residual group on allergenicity and human IgE- and IgG-binding of these derivatives. Methods: Allergoids of a pollen extract of Artemisia vulgaris were obtained by means of potassium cyanate, and succinic and maleic anhydride. Biochemical properties were investigated by determination of amino groups, enzyme activity, isoelectric focusing IEF and SDS-PAGE. IgE- and IgG-binding was determined using immunoblots and ELISA inhibition. Allergenicity was investigated by skin prick tests (SPT) on a ...

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Dive into the research topics of 'Four-year follow-up of effects of toluene diisocyanate exposure on the respiratory system in polyurethane foam manufacturing workers - II. Four-year changes in the effects on the respiratory system'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Abstract. Benzene (C6H6) and toluene (C7H8) are toxic to humans and the environment. They are also important precursors of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosols and contribute substantially to severe air pollution in urban areas in China. Discrepancies exist between different bottom-up inventories for benzene and toluene emissions in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Hong Kong (HK), which are emission hot spots in China. This study provides top-down estimates of benzene and toluene emissions in the PRD and HK using atmospheric measurement data from a rural site in the area, Heshan, an atmospheric transport model, and an inverse modeling method. The model simulations captured the measured mixing ratios during most pollution episodes. For the PRD and HK, the benzene emissions estimated in this study for 2010 were 44 (12-75) and 5 (2-7) Gg yr−1 for the PRD and HK, respectively, and the toluene emissions were 131 (44-218) and 6 (2-9) Gg yr−1, respectively. Temporal and spatial ...

A malfunctioning seal in the gear-reduction box of a turboprop aircraft engine could allow oil to enter the turbine's compressor section, which is the source of bleed air used to pressurize the cabin. Oil, or its degradation products, could have a deleterious effect on crew and passengers. A series of tests sponsored by the National Transportation Safety Board had examined the possibility that contaminated bleed air might contain toxic products identifiable by chemical analysis, but none of the gases for which they analyzed were present in toxic concentrations. However, the approach did not eliminate the possible presence of an additional component with significant animal toxicity. The research reported here examined the toxicity of thermal degradation products from aircraft lubricating oils and some related products. Rats were exposed to smoke from these products and relative toxicity evaluated in terms of time-to-incapacitation and time-to-death. The carbon monoxide (CO) content of the smoke ...

June 4, 1968 Filed Aug. 31, 1964 Cub/c fee/air per ml'nu 1 c V/ZSC osi/y sfar/ing mafen'als, 6,0 8 A. E. ROSECRANS ETAL METHOD FOR MAKING POROUS POLYURETHANE FOAMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 7 par-*5 wafer IOpar/S wafer 3o 40 5o 60 10 '80 .90 I00 Porvs by weigh? offrich/orof/uorom e/lvone INVENTORS 91T QR E Y, June 4, 1968 A. s. ROSECRANS ETAL METHOD FOR MAKING POROUS POLYURETHANE FOAMS Filed Aug. 31, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v/scos/fy, cps Top I INVBNTORS. 4 fll/reaf. Rosecrans Calvin/V. 60 aers ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,386,927 METHOD FOR MAKING POROUS POLYURETHANE FOAMS Alfred E. Rosecrans and Calvin N. Goeders, Midland, Mich, assignors to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 31, 1964, Ser. No. 393,046 Claims. (Cl. 2602.5) This invention concerns a method for making open cell polyurethane foams of high porosity. It relates more particularly to a method for making flexible open cell polyurethane foams having a predetermined porosity and pertains to the use of ...

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Degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by aerobic bacteria is generally divided into an upper pathway, which produces dihydroxylated aromatic intermediates by the action of monooxygenases, and a lower pathway, which processes these intermediates down to molecules that enter the citric acid cycle. Bacterial multicomponent monooxygenases (BMMs) are a family of enzymes divided into six distinct groups. Most bacterial genomes code for only one BMM, but a few cases (3 out of 31) of genomes coding for more than a single monooxygenase have been found. One such case is the genome of Pseudomonas stutzeri OX1, in which two different monooxygenases have been found, phenol hydroxylase (PH) and toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMO). We have already demonstrated that ToMO is an oligomeric protein whose subunits transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen, which is eventually incorporated into the aromatic substrate. However, no molecular data are available on the structure and on the mechanism of action of PH. To ...

The pyrolysis and oxidation kinetics of distillers grains and solubles were determined using thermogravimetric analysis. The starting temperature of pyrolysis and oxidation of distillers grains and solubles increased with the increase of heating rate and initial moisture content. The pyrolysis and oxidation of distillers grains and solubles were completed at 650°C and 850°C, respectively, which were independent of the heating rate and the initial moisture content. The residual weights of distillers grains and solubles after pyrolysis and oxidation were 27.15% and 5.49% of the original dry mass of distillers grains and solubles. Thermogravimetrical analysis data was used to determine kinetic parameters of the thermal degradation of distillers grains and solubles. Predicted dynamic residual weights of distillers grains and solubles during thermal degradation agreed well with experimental data. Keywords: biomass, distillers grains and solubles, kinetics, TGA, thermochemical

Download Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic or Read Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic online books in PDF, EPUB and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online Button to get Access Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic ebook. Please Note: There is a membership site you can get UNLIMITED BOOKS, ALL IN ONE PLACE. FREE TO TRY FOR 30 DAYS. In order to Download Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic or Read Toxic: Heal Your Body from Mold Toxicity, Lyme Disease, Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, and Chronic book, you need to create an account.. Category: ...

Title:Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with Biobased Materials: Properties and Applications. VOLUME: 3 ISSUE: 1. Author(s):Gholamali Sharifishourabi, Xiao Y. Chen, Tien-Binh Nguyen and Denis Rodrigue*. Affiliation:Department of Chemical Engineering, Universite Laval, Quebec, G1V0A6, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universite Laval, Quebec, G1V0A6, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universite Laval, Quebec, G1V0A6, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universite Laval, Quebec, G1V0A6. Keywords:Bio-based fillers, biofillers, flexible foam, mechanical properties, polyurethane, rigid foam.. Abstract:Background: Today, polyurethane foams can be found in various commercial products such as bedding, home furniture, automotive interiors and even construction materials. From a chemical point of view, polyurethane foams are made from a chemical reaction between a polyol (molecules with more than one hydroxyl group) and a diisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent. Objective: Because of their highly ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of increased maternal hemoglobin oxygen affinity on fetal growth in the rat. AU - Hebbel, Robert P. AU - Berger, E. M.. AU - Eaton, J. W.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1980. Y1 - 1980. N2 - A disparity between fetal and maternal hemoglobin oxygen affinities [i.e., P50 (fetal) , P50 (maternal)] believed to be important in facilitating oxygen transfer from maternal to fetal circulation. However, human females with high oxygen affinity mutant hemoglobins [P50 (maternal) , P50 (fetal)] have successfully borne children, calling into question the importance of the usual maternal/fetal P50 gradient. We have investigated the effect of artificially increased maternal hemoglobin oxygen affinity on fetal growth in the rat. Pregnant rats were exchange transfused with homologous blood on the 9th day of gestation, the experimental group receiving donor blood having P50 ~ 15.0 mm Hg achieved by prior incubation with sodium cyanate. This changed ...

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The incidents occurred in Three Miles Island Power Plant USA, Chernobyl, Ukraine, USSR, Fukoshima, Japan, Union Carbide, Bhopal might be haunting the memory of the people living in and around Kudankulam, leading to large-scale agitation and emotional reaction to the setting up of the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and its commissioning. The incidents occurred in Three Miles Island Power Plant USA, Chernobyl, Ukraine, USSR, Fukoshima, Japan, Union Carbide, Bhopal might be haunting the memory of the people living in and around Kudankulam, leading to large-scale agitation and emotional reaction to the setting up of the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and its commissioning. FERRO MOLYBDENUM MARKET. The price of Ferro Molybdenum saw a major upturn since the start of WWII and a subsequent drop since the end of WWII. Today the market remains steady, but with a notable dip when Chile entered the market and continued to expand production of Ferro Molybdenum, as well as other alloys. 4/26/2018The accident may well ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lipase production by immobilized Candida rugosa cells. AU - Ferrer, Pau. AU - Solà, Carles. PY - 1992/9/1. Y1 - 1992/9/1. N2 - Immobilization of Candida rugosa cells on a solid support for extracellular lipase production has been explored. The use of Ca-alginate beads and of mixed matrix of polyurethane foam/Ca-alginate beads enabled us to operate a batch and a continuous four-phase fluidized bed bioreactor. Cells co-entrapped together with polyurethane into Ca-alginate did not show higher lipase production levels than the cells entrapped in Ca-alginate gels. The addition of gum arabic to the medium greatly enhanced lipase production without affecting the hydrodynamic operating conditions significantly. This fact demonstrates that the reactor system is limited in terms of organic substrate dispersion and direct contact with cells. © 1992 Springer-Verlag.. AB - Immobilization of Candida rugosa cells on a solid support for extracellular lipase production has been explored. The ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Death due to asthma at workplace in a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-sensitized subject. AU - Carino, Mauro. AU - Aliani, Maria. AU - Licitra, Carmelo. AU - Sarno, Nicola. AU - Ioli, Francesco. PY - 1997/1. Y1 - 1997/1. N2 - Total cases of fatal asthma in the occupational setting reported in the literature are reviewed and the case of a 39-year-old foundry worker who died at work is described. A diagnosis of occupational asthma induced by diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) had been assessed 5 years in advance through a 0.005 ppm exposure inhalation challenge. Postmortem microscopic examination of the lung showed epithelial desquamation, eosinophilic/neutrophilic infiltration of the mucosa, dilatation of bronchial vessels, edema, hypertrophy and disarray of smooth muscle. Fatal asthma attack in a MDI-sensitized individual, to our knowledge, has not been previously described.. AB - Total cases of fatal asthma in the occupational setting reported in the literature are reviewed and the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - In Vivo Enzymology. T2 - A Deuterium NMR Study of Formaldehyde Dismutase in Pseudomonas putida F61a and Staphylococcus aureus. AU - Mason, Ralph P.. AU - Sanders, Jeremy K M. PY - 1989/1/1. Y1 - 1989/1/1. N2 - High-resolution deuterium NMR spectroscopy has been used to follow the detoxifying metabolism of [D2]formaldehyde in vivo in several bacterial species. Production of [D2]methanol in Escherichia coli confirms that the oxidation and reduction pathways of metabolism are independent in this organism. Efficient production of equimolar quantities of [D]formate and [D3]methanol in Pseudomonas putida F61a and Staphylococcus aureus implicates a formaldehyde dismutase, or "cannizzarase", activity. These observations imply that the unusual formaldehyde resistance in P. putida F61 a is a direct result of efficient dismutation acting as a route for detoxification. Cross-dismutation experiments yield an enzymic kinetic isotope effect of ca. 4 for H vs D transfer and a similar spectrum of ...

0213] In the ink-jet printing ink described in Comparative Example 1 that contains a polyurethane having a value of [isocyanate group [X]/hydroxyl group [Y]] of 0.925, which is outside the above range, the discharge stability of ink degraded and the irregularity of the discharge direction of the ink or no discharge of the ink occurred after solid printing was continuously performed on 600 pages. In the ink-jet printing ink described in Comparative Example 2 that contains a polyurethane having a value of [isocyanate group [X]/hydroxyl group [Y]] of 1.000, which is outside the above range, the discharge stability of ink degraded and the irregularity of the discharge direction of the ink or no discharge of the ink occurred after solid printing was continuously performed on 600 pages. In the ink-jet printing ink described in Comparative Example 3 that contains a polyurethane having a value of [isocyanate group [X]/hydroxyl group [Y]] of 1.000, which is outside the above range, and having a low ...

Low molecular amine names are formed by adding '-amine' as a suffix to the name of the parent compound. In substitutive nomenclature, the prefix 'amino-' is placed before the name of the parent compound to denote the functional group in high molecular amines. Synthetic amines are made mostly by reaction of alcohols with ammonia, catalyzed by metals( nickel or copper) or metal oxide at high temperature. Many methods have been devised for the synthesis of the amines; reacting ammonia with an alkyl halide and neutralizing the resulting alkyl ammonium salt with an alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide. This procedure yields a mixture of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines that is easily separated into its three components by fractional distillation; boiling methyl isocyanate with caustic potash, heating the alkyl iodides with ammonia; reduction of nitriles with alcohol and sodium; heating the esters of nitric acid with alcoholic ammonia; reducing on nitro-paraffms; action of zinc and hydrochloric acid ...

Acrylonitrile 3 - 15 µg Vinyl chloride (VC) 11 - 15 ng Ethylene oxide (EO) 7 µg Ethyl carbamate 20 - 38 ng 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine Present Maleic hydrazide (MH) 1.16 µg Methyl isocyanate 1.5 - 5 µg 2-Nitropropane 0.2 - 2.2 µg Nitrobenzene 25 µg Phenol 80 - 160 µg Catechol 200 - 400 µg Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 20 µg 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) 800 - 1.200 ng 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) 200 - 370 ng Inorganic Compounds Carbon monoxide (CO) 10 - 23 mg Carbon disulfide 0.6 - 2.6 µg Ammonia 10 - 130 µg Nitrogen oxides² (NOx) 100 - 600. ...

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Paint by Sticker Masterpieces includes everything you need to create twelve vibrant, full-color "paintings"-the stickers, the templates, the intuitive directions. The works include The Birth of Venus, by Sandro Botticelli, The Creation of Adam, by Michelangelo, Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, Girl with a Pearl Earring, by Johannes Vermeer, Napoleon at Saint-Bernard Pass, by Jacques-Louis David, The Great Wave off Kanagawa, by Katsushika Hokusai, Houses of Parliament, Sunlight Effect, by Claude Monet, Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses, by Paul Cezanne, Dance at Bougival, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Bedroom in Arles, by Vincent van Gogh, Breezing Up (A Fair Wind), by Winslow Homer, and the stunning study in color, Flaming June, by Frederic Leighton. ...

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The relationship between cellular adhesion and surface roughness for polyurethane modified by microwave plasma radiation Saeed Heidari Keshel1, S Neda Kh Azhdadi2, Azadeh Asefnezhad2, Mohammad Sadraeian3, Mohamad Montazeri4, Esmaeil Biazar51Stem Cell Preparation Unit, Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2Department of Biomaterial Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch - Islamic Azad University; 3Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran; 4Faculty of Medical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol; 5Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, IranAbstract: Surface modification of medical polymers is carried out to improve biocompatibility. In this study, conventional polyurethane was exposed to microwave plasma treatment with oxygen and argon gases for 30 seconds and 60 seconds. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectra investigations of

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of dietary soy protein isolate, genistein, and 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate on DNA binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in mammary glands of CD rats. AU - Upadhyaya, Pramod. AU - El-Bayoumy, Karam. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - We examined whether a soy protein isolate or one of its major components (genistein) influences the initiation stage of carcinogenesis via DNA binding studies of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in liver and mammary tissue of female CD rats. A semipurified high-fat diet (23.5% corn oil) containing the soy protein isolate (10%), genistein (111 ppm), or l,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (p-XSC) (5 ppm as selenium) as a positive control was fed to 6-week-old virgin female CD rats for 1 week before carcinogen treatment. Neither soy nor genistein affected the extent of DMBA-DNA binding in liver. In mammary tissue, 111 ppm genistein in the diet was more effective than the soy protein isolate, although the latter contains the same ...

Acetophenone and benzophenone propiophenone series,Anisole and phenol and thiophenol series,Aniline series,Benzaldehyde and benzaldehyde oxime and phenylpropionaldehyde and phenyl acetaldehydeseries,Benzene and biphenyl series,Benzoic acid and benzoyl chloride series,Benzonitrile and benzoylacetonitrile and Benzamide Thiobenzamide series,Benzotrifluoride series,Benzyl alcohol and benzyl halogen and phenethyl alcohol and Styrene,Benzylamine and phenylethylamine series,Boronic acid series,Cinnamic aldehyde and Cinnamic acid series,Indole and indanone,Isatin and benzene sulfonylchloride and benzoylformate series,Phenyl acetonitrile and Phenylacetic acid and phenylpropionic acid and benzoylacetate series,Phenyl isocyanate phenyl isothiocyanate series,Phenylhydrazine series,Phthalic acid and anhydride series,Other,,Aromsyn Co.,Ltd.

0043] There can be used as the polyisocyanate component A) the conventional aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and in particular aromatic di- and/or poly-isocyanates. Examples of such suitable polyisocyanates are 1,4-butylene diisocyanate, 1,5-pentane diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2,4- and/or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, the isomeric bis(4,4'-isocyanatocyclohexyl)methanes or mixtures thereof of any desired isomer content, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and/or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 2,2'- and/or 2,4'- and/or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and/or higher homologues (pMDI), 1,3- and/or 1,4-bis-(2-isocyanato-prop-2-yl)-benzene (TMXDI), 1,3-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)benzene (XDI). In addition to the polyisocyanates mentioned above, modified polyisocyanates with a uretdione, isocyanurate, urethane, carbodiimide, uretonimine, allophanate or biuret structure can also ...

Castor oil primarily comes in two forms: refined and unrefined. Refined castor oil is cheaper and usually tasteless and odorless. It's produced from copra (dried castor) and undergoes various refining processes, such as deodorizing and bleaching. It's also known as RBD castor Oil. Currently, the types of RBD castor Oil you can find in the market include expeller-pressed castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, liquid castor oil, or simply castor oil. Unrefined castor oil, on the other hand, is tastier and it usually possesses a beautiful aroma of fresh castors. Unrefined castor oil is also known as "virgin" or "pure" castor oil. Unlike RBD castor oil, this oil is extracted from fresh castors, and it's neither bleached nor refined. The methods of production include wet-milling or quick-drying. Since these processes don't require any bleaching or additives, the oil retains its flavor and aroma. However, the quality still depends on the processing techniques and freshness of the castor used. Now, the ...

Background Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d*) facilitates the delivery, dwelling, and removal of topical wound solutions at the wound bed. Use of NPWTi-d on complex wounds can assist health care practitioners in preparing a clean wound bed for successful closure. NPWTi-d is paired with a polyurethane reticulated open cell foam dressing with through holes (ROCF-CC†) or a standard instillation dressing (ROCF-V‡), which are designed to remove infectious materials and wound debris.

New Perspective on Big Issue: Why Are We So Sick?. Illness activist, Glenna Chance, seeks to reverse society's toxic trend in new book. Rochester, NY (PRWEB) October 06, 2011 An illness activist with Multiple Chemical Sensitivity is bringing a new perspective to the role society plays in our overall health.. In Which Poison Will Change Your Life? (published by AuthorHouse), Glenna Chance brings readers an eye-opening look at today's "invisible illnesses." Highlighting the confusion that surrounds the language of the food and chemical industries, Chance, a long-time environmental consultant, unveils explanations and examples with detailed chapters including "What Is It… Really?" and "What's In It… Really?" Aiming to clarify terms and definitions that many assume they understand, Chance's mission is to provide readers with the factual information needed to prevent future illness.. The book introduces and explains the author's own illness, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, and related "invisible ...

Many previous biomechanical studies of bone and bone substitutes have estimated strains in these materials using strain gages. The purpose of this study was to compare digital image correlation (DIC) strain measurements to those obtained from strain gages in order to assess the applicability of DIC technology to common biomechanical testing scenarios. Compression and bending tests were conducted on aluminum alloy, polyurethane foam, and laminated polyurethane foam specimens. Results showed no significant differences in the principal strain values (or the variances) between strain gage and DIC measurements on the aluminum alloy and laminated polyurethane foam specimens. There were significance differences between the principal strain measurements of the non-laminated polyurethane foam specimens, but the deviation from the theoretical results was similar for both measurement techniques. In summary, DIC techniques provide similar results to those obtained from strain gages and also provide full ...

We investigated whether late asthmatic reactions and the associated increase in airway responsiveness induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in sensitized subjects are inhibited by indomethacin and/or prednisone. Four sets of experiments were conducted in five subjects sensitized to TDI. To assess late asthmatic reactions to TDI, FEV1 was measured immediately before and after exposure to TDI and then hourly for 8 h. To assess change in airway responsiveness, the provocative dose (mg) of methacholine that caused a decrease in FEV1 of 20% (PD20FEV1) before treatment, and then before and after exposure to TDI was measured. In the first set of experiments, each subject was given no treatment and was studied before and 8 h after exposure to TDI; in the other two sets, each subject was studied before treatment, then during treatment with indomethacin (50 mg q.i.d. for 3 days, orally) or prednisone (50 mg once a day, for 3 days, orally), both before and 8 h after TDI exposure. In a fourth series of ...

Methylene diisocyanate (MDI) and a catalyst such as an organic tin or bismuth salt, provide the required rate of reaction. The size of the exotherm is such that the reaction proceeds to its full extent. 1 Urea and Urethane Reactions Introduction Compounds that contain the N-H group are all potentially reactive toward isocyanates. Simple primary amine groups are very reactive even at temperatures of between 0 ◦ C and 25 ◦ C, giving disubstituted ureas in high yields. Secondary aromatic amines are slightly less reactive. The mercury catalysts are both toxic and caustic. Bismuth catalysts promote the isocyanate and OH reaction from the isocyanate side. This has the effect of reducing the water reaction and hence reduces the liberation of carbon dioxide gas. They are particularly useful in controlling the reactions when used in one-shot systems. General Catalysts are commonly used to control the pouring and gel times of polyurethane systems. As catalysts are used in small quantities, the addi- ...

Want to Know What Causes Bad Breath?. #Best Dentist in Bhopal. Bad breath, medically called halitosis, can result from poor dental health habits and may be a sign of other health problems. Bad breath can also be made worse by the types of foods you eat and other unhealthy lifestyle habits.. How Does What You Eat Affect Breath?. Mostly, all the food eaten begins to be broken down in your mouth. If you eat foods with strong odors (such as garlic or onions), brushing and flossing - even mouthwash merely covers up the odor temporarily. The odor will not go away totally until the foods have passed through your body.. Food-. As food particles break down in the mouth, bacteria enlarge, resulting in bad odors. Onions, garlic, and certain spices are general bad-breath cause.. Tobacco products- Smoking tobacco also results in a smelly breath, as does chewing tobacco.. Poor dental habits- Not flossing or brushing your teeth regularly is a common cause of bad breath. This occurs when tiny bits of food stay ...

Polyurethane foam insulation is a two component polyurethane system formulated to obtain closed-cell rigid foams to be sprayed-in-place for thermal insulation. The system contains approved ecological foaming agents that are not ozone depletion potential and are mainly used to obtain excellent thermal insulation. (Polyurethane Spray Foam Insulation protected with acrylic coating.) Polyurethane Spray Systems are applied by spraying with a high pressure equipment fitted with heating, with a mixing ratio 1:1 in volume. Their main applications are the thermal insulation of building closings, houses (partitioning), industrial buildings, tanks, cool stores etc. The application type (Roofs, flooring, buildings etc.) defines the applied Density of the System. Rigid polyurethane foams applied outdoors are darkened and brittle by the action of UV radiation.. ...