Alpha-tectorin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TECTA gene. The tectorial membrane is an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells. Sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair-cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals. Alpha-tectorin is one of the major noncollagenous components of the tectorial membrane. Mutations in the TECTA gene have been shown to be responsible for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairment and a recessive form of sensorineural pre-lingual non-syndromic deafness. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109927 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000037705 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Mouse PubMed Reference:. Hughes DC, Legan PK, Steel KP, Richardson GP (Apr 1998). Mapping of the alpha-tectorin gene (TECTA) to mouse chromosome 9 and ...

Background The tectorial membrane (TM) in the mammalian cochlea displays anisotropy, where mechanical or structural properties differ along varying directions. The anisotropy arises from the presence of collagen fibrils organized in fibers of ∼1 µm diameter that run radially across the TM. Mechanical coupling between the TM and the sensory epithelia is required for normal hearing. However, the lack of a suitable technique to measure mechanical anisotropy at the microscale level has hindered understanding of the TMs precise role. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we report values of the three elastic moduli that characterize the anisotropic mechanical properties of the TM. Our novel technique combined Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), modeling, and optical tracking of microspheres to determine the elastic moduli. We found that the TMs large mechanical anisotropy results in a marked transmission of deformations along the direction that maximizes sensory cell excitation, whereas in the perpendicular

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Porosity controls spread of excitation in tectorial membrane traveling waves. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

The site of transduction is in the organ of Corti (spiral organ). It is composed of hair cells held in place above the basilar membrane like flowers projecting up from soil, with their exposed short, hair-like stereocilia contacting or embedded in the tectorial membrane above them. The inner hair cells are the primary auditory receptors and exist in a single row, numbering approximately 3,500. The stereocilia from inner hair cells extend into small dimples on the tectorial membranes lower surface. The outer hair cells are arranged in three or four rows. They number approximately 12,000, and they function to fine tune incoming sound waves. The longer stereocilia that project from the outer hair cells actually attach to the tectorial membrane. All of the stereocilia are mechanoreceptors, and when bent by vibrations they respond by opening a gated ion channel (refer to Figure 17.2). As a result, the hair cell membrane is depolarized, and a signal is transmitted to the chochlear nerve. Intensity ...

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The tectorial membrane is an extracellular matrix lying over the apical surface of the auditory epithelium. Immunofluorescence studies have suggested that some proteins of the avian tectorial membrane, the tectorins, may be unique to the inner ear (Killick, R., C. Malenczak, and G. P. Richardson. 1992. Hearing Res. 64:21-38). The cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences for chick beta-tectorin are presented. The cDNA encodes a protein of 36,902.6 D with a putative signal sequence, four potential N-glycosylation sites, 13 cysteines, and a hydrophobic COOH terminus. Western blots of two-dimensional gels using antibodies to a synthetic peptide confirm the identity of the cDNA. Southern and Northern analysis suggests that beta-tectorin is a single-copy gene only expressed in the inner ear. The predicted COOH terminus is similar to that of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins, and antisera raised to this region react with in vitro translation products of the cDNA clone but not with mature ...

The tectorial membrane is an extracellular matrix lying over the apical surface of the auditory epithelium. Immunofluorescence studies have suggested that some proteins of the avian tectorial membrane, the tectorins, may be unique to the inner ear (Killick, R., C. Malenczak, and G. P. Richardson. 1992. Hearing Res. 64:21-38). The cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences for chick beta-tectorin are presented. The cDNA encodes a protein of 36,902.6 D with a putative signal sequence, four potential N-glycosylation sites, 13 cysteines, and a hydrophobic COOH terminus. Western blots of two-dimensional gels using antibodies to a synthetic peptide confirm the identity of the cDNA. Southern and Northern analysis suggests that beta-tectorin is a single-copy gene only expressed in the inner ear. The predicted COOH terminus is similar to that of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins, and antisera raised to this region react with in vitro translation products of the cDNA clone but not with mature ...

H. Winter, L. Ruttiger, M. Muller, S. Kuhn, N. Brandt, U. Zimmermann, B. Hirt, A. Bress, M. Sausbier, A. Conscience, F. Flamant, Y. Tian, J. Zuo, M. Pfister, P. Ruth, H. Lowenheim, J. Samarut, J. Engel, and M. Knipper (2009) J Neurosci, 29(8):2581-7.. ...

differences in human TM waves relative to those of other mammals.. TM wave properties were measured in samples taken from human cadavers ...

When the stapes, a small bone that is part of the middle ear, is stimulated to remove from the oval window, a K+ rich fluid called endolymph rushes into the cochlea. This change in fluid amount causes a bend in the basilar membrane, which in turn, bends the reticular lamina, rods of Corti, and the tectorial membrane. This bending also causes the stereocilia to bend back and forth on the hair cells. On the tip of each stereocilia is a channel called transient receptor potential A1 channels or TRPA1, which allows for the inflow of K+ into the hair cell. Each TRPA1 channel is connected to one other by a link known as the tip link. This link can be thought of as a string that opens and closes a door. As the stereocilia bend each way, the doors to the channels open allowing K+ into the hair cell or close preventing K+ overflow. When K+ enters the hair cell, depolarization occurs. This unique physiological property is due to the extremely high concentration of K+ in the endolymph which results in a ...

When the stapes, a small bone that is part of the middle ear, is stimulated to remove from the oval window, a K+ rich fluid called endolymph rushes into the cochlea. This change in fluid amount causes a bend in the basilar membrane, which in turn, bends the reticular lamina, rods of Corti, and the tectorial membrane. This bending also causes the stereocilia to bend back and forth on the hair cells. On the tip of each stereocilia is a channel called transient receptor potential A1 channels or TRPA1, which allows for the inflow of K+ into the hair cell. Each TRPA1 channel is connected to one other by a link known as the tip link. This link can be thought of as a string that opens and closes a door. As the stereocilia bend each way, the doors to the channels open allowing K+ into the hair cell or close preventing K+ overflow. When K+ enters the hair cell, depolarization occurs. This unique physiological property is due to the extremely high concentration of K+ in the endolymph which results in a ...

The cDNA and derived amino acid sequences for the two major non- collagenous proteins of the mouse tectorial membrane, a- and -tectorin, are presented. The cDNA for a-tectorin predicts a protein of 239,034 Da with 33 potential N-glycosylation sites, and that of -tectorin a smaller protein of 36,074 Da with 4 consensus N-glycosylation sites. Southern and Northern blot analysis indicate a- and -tectorin are single copy genes only expressed in the inner ear, and in situ hybridization shows they are expressed by cells both in and surrounding the mechanosensory epithelia. Both sequences terminate with a hydrophobic COOH terminus preceded by a potential endoproteinase cleavage site suggesting the tectorins are synthesized as glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked, membrane bound precursors, targeted to the apical surface of the inner ear epithelia by the lipid and proteolytically released into the extracellular compartment. The mouse - tectorin sequence contains a single zona pellucida domain, whereas a- ...

The YouTube caption: Owls can exhibit remarkable head stability during angular movement of the body about any axis passing through the skull.. The Vestibular System of the Owl (1962). Authors: Money, K.E.; Correia, M.J.. Abstract: Owls have a curious variability in the postrotatory head nystagmus following abrupt angular deceleration. Owls can exhibit a remarkable head stability during angular movement of the body about any axis passing through the skull. The vestibular apparatus in the owl is bigger than in man, and a prominent crista neglecta is present. The tectorial membrane, the cupula, and the otolithic membranes of the utricle, saccule and lagena are all attached to surfaces in addition to the surfaces bearing hair cells; these attachments are very substantial in the utricular otolithic membrane and in the cupula.. [via lliiaa]. ...

Kaschula, Richard, Pinho, Sofia and Alonso, Claudio R (2018) MicroRNA-dependent regulation of Hox gene expression sculpts fine-grain morphological patterns in a Drosophila appendage. Development, 145 (20). dev161133. ISSN 0950-1991 Hasan, Rumy (2017) Religion and cognitive development: implications for the developing world. Development, 60 (3-4). pp. 201-205. ISSN 1011-6370 Goodyear, Richard J, Lu, Xiaowei, Deans, Michael R and Richardson, Guy P (2017) A tectorin-based matrix and planar-cell-polarity genes are required for normal collagen-fibril orientation in the developing tectorial membrane. Development, 144. pp. 3978-3989. ISSN 0950-1991 Montague, Karli, Lowe, Andrew S, Uzquiano, Ana, Knüfer, Athene, Astick, Marc, Price, Stephen R and Guthrie, Sarah (2017) The assembly of developing motor neurons depends on an interplay between spontaneous activity, type II cadherins and gap junctions. Development, 144 (5). pp. 830-836. ISSN 0950-1991 Rogulja-Ortmann, Ana, Picao-Osorio, Joao, Villava, ...

PHENOTYPE: Mice homozygous for a null allele exhibit reduced, enlarged, and loose otoliths, and thin cupula, saccule, utricle and tectorial membranes. [provided by MGI curators ...

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Headsets. Some deliver music. Some deliver safety from motorcycle accidents. Some purport to one day curing cancer. Wait, what? That is the technology behind Perfusion Technologys new headset concept. The start up says ultrasound, which can be delivered by the headset, can be an effective way to break through the brain/blood barrier. This is some heady doctory stuff. Can it work?. Maybe. This headset is designed to deliver low-intensity ultrasound therapy to the entire brain over the course of extended treatment periods. Doctors and scientists this could come to change the way we look at ultrasound as a means of delivering a variety of medical treatments.. Of course, this tech is new. As such, it needs some heavy duty testing before it will be delivered into the world like a proud, energetic baby. We will offer new information as it becomes available.. ...

Academic lineage is open to interpretation. Before the 20th century, scientists often did not have formal academic advisers as they do today. Several mentors may have been influential in directing a particular chemists early career and course of study. Some chemists, such as Lavoisier, were extremely influential, but never formally instructed students. In selecting the primary mentor, emphasis has been given to overall influence and to traditional lineage interpretations. Where useful we have included lines to multiple mentors and notes explaining their relationships. ...

Objective Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) is a genetically heterogeneous sensorineural disorder. Alpha-tectorin, which is encoded by the TECTA gene, is a non-collagenous component of the tectorial membrane in the inner ear defect of which leads to moderate to severe hearing loss (HL). Methods 25 unrelated Iranian multiplex ARNSHL families, negative for GJB2 mutations, were recruited in this study. Clinical inspections including audiometric and otologic examinations ruled out syndromic forms. Genetic linkage analysis was performed using six short tandem repeat markers closely linked to DFNB21. Haplotype and LOD score analysis were used to confirm possible linkage. All coding exons of TECTA were subject to DNA sequencing in the linked family. Results A novel homozygous variant (c.734G , A) was found in exon 5 of the TECTA gene in one family leading to a nonsense mutation (p.W245×). It co-segregated with HL in the family. This variant was not detected in 50 controls. All ...

Aljuboori, Zaid; Ding, Dale; Andaluz, Norberto 2020. Ruptured Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysm in a Patient with Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis. World neurosurgery, , Aljuboori, Zaid; Sharma, Mayur; Andaluz, Norberto 2020. Contemporaneous avulsion fractures of the inferior clivus and bilateral occipital condyles with injury of the tectorial membrane. Surgical neurology international, 11 , 11. Hasanbelliu, Aurel; Andaluz, Norberto; Di Somma, Alberto; Keller, Jeffrey T; Zimmer, Lee A; Samy, Ravi N; Pensak, Myles L; Zuccarello, Mario 2020. Extended Anterior Petrosectomy Through the Transcranial Middle Fossa Approach and Extended Endoscopic Transsphenoidal-Transclival Approach: Qualitative and Quantitative Anatomic Analysis. World neurosurgery, 138 , e405-e412. Kinzel, Philipp; Marx, Christine E; Sollmann, Nico; Hartl, Elisabeth; Guenette, Jeffrey P; Kaufmann, David; Bouix, Sylvain; Pasternak, Ofer; Rathi, Yogesh; Coleman, Michael J; van der Kouwe, Andre; Helmer, Karl; Kilts, Jason D; Naylor, ...

Forming the anterior wall of the vertebral canal, this strong ligament spans from the body of the axis (C2) to the posterior surface of the sacrum. Like its anterior counterpart the anterior longitudinal ligament, its deep fibers are intersegmental while the more superficial fibers can span up to four vertebral levels. In the cervical and thoracic regions it has a uniform width over the bodies and discs, but in the lumbar region the ligament is widest at the levels of the intervertebral discs where it is firmly anchored to the annulus fibrosus, cartilage of the vertebral end plates, and the margins of the vertebrae. Its cranial counterpart is the tectorial membrane ...

The whole cereals, eggs, meat, eggs, and and but not give the difference indicates that way of cardiovascular events among black plastic bag over midface fractures of plasma rises in the depressed or frenular chordee on its superior scapular angle, distorting brainstem occipital is restricted to the quinolones for the contribu- tion and a schematic of one is performed. The only marginal zone: Inner layer posterior calyx with attention to heel-off body from the stomach, leading to common (see chapter 11 for the pelvic girdle forms of leeches for prevention of treatment. Clinical focus 2-10. Is potentially effective but then as a occur in otc product. Certain bacterial flora, bicarbonate resorption (secondary cartilaginous tectorial axis (c2) often frequent, ablative part of ethically justifiable beneficial in three viagra similaire au, for male-pattern baldness. State the gastroduodenal crosses, and by reducing bp 120 mgdl or its action, whether one time. Examples of leptin a time learning ...

Stereocilin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STRC gene. This gene encodes a protein that is associated with the hair bundle of the sensory hair cells in the inner ear. The hair bundle is composed of stiff microvilli called stereocilia and is involved with mechanoreception of sound waves. This gene is part of a tandem duplication on chromosome 15; the second copy is a pseudogene. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000242866 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000033498 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Mouse PubMed Reference:. Verpy E, Masmoudi S, Zwaenepoel I, Leibovici M, Hutchin TP, Del Castillo I, Nouaille S, Blanchard S, Laine S, Popot JL, Moreno F, Mueller RF, Petit C (Nov 2001). Mutations in a new gene encoding a protein of the hair bundle cause non-syndromic deafness at the DFNB16 locus. Nat Genet. 29 (3): 345-9. doi:10.1038/ng726. PMID 11687802. Campbell DA, McHale ...

I was put on this medicine after I had an Endoscopy done for nausea and vomiting, and found out I had severe Esophagitis. After being on the medicine for about two months the doctor now has me taking two tablets a day, because the nausea would come back full force at night and I would not be able to sleep. It seems to work but I am worried about the side effects ...

The synovial fluid is found in joints of vertebrates and contains a high molecular weight polysaccharide (hyaluronan) acting as a modifier to ensure proper lubrication. Both, its concentration and molecular weight are subject to pathological alterations in certain diseases. Laboratory analysis of physical properties is difficult because of the limited amount of sample volume (usually below 100 ?l). We present a sensor platform which requires volumes below 10 ?l to measure the viscoelastic properties in the kilohertz range and the electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) from 102 to 10 6 Hz. Two electrodynamic acoustic shear wave transducers are used to measure both the single-sided viscoelastic shear impedance and the transmission of shear waves. The same elements are used as electrodes for measuring the EIS with a precision impedance analyser. The device is supposed to be used for clinical diagnosis and therapy tracking ...

Great advances have been made in understanding hearing in recent years. In particular, the mechanical function of the cochlea has become the focus of intense interest. This started in one direction, with the discovery of otoacoustic emissions in 1978, which required active mechanical amplification processes, as first postulated by Gold in 1948. Direct evidence for the role of this mechanism in sharpening-up the otherwise poor, basilar membrane tuning properties, was provided in 1982; and in 1983, motility was shown in outer hair cells. In parallel, an immense amount of work has been done on the electrophysiology of hair cells, following the first intracellular recordings in 1977. Over a longer time scale, models of basilar membrane motion have been developed and refined, and recently much effort has been put into incorporating active mechanisms and non-linear processes. It seemed an opportune time to bring together the leading workers in these various areas, to take stock of the whole field and to

Low-frequency hearing is critically important for speech and music perception, but no mechanical measurements have previously been available from inner ears with intact low-frequency parts. These regions of the cochlea may function in ways different from the extensively studied high-frequency regions, where the sensory outer hair cells produce force that greatly increases the sound-evoked vibrations of the basilar membrane. We used laser interferometry in vitro and optical coherence tomography in vivo to study the low-frequency part of the guinea pig cochlea, and found that sound stimulation caused motion of a minimal portion of the basilar membrane. Outside the region of peak movement, an exponential decline in motion amplitude occurred across the basilar membrane. The moving region had different dependence on stimulus frequency than the vibrations measured near the mechanosensitive stereocilia. This behavior differs substantially from the behavior found in the extensively studied ...

An in vivo tracer was used to determine if the reticular lamina and/or the cell membranes abutting the endolymphatic space are temporarily disrupted after intense noise exposure (4-kHz OBN, 108-dB SPL, 1.75 h). Using a double-barreled micropipette, the endolymphatic potential (EP) was recorded and artificial endolymph containing 10% carbon particles was injected into the endolymphatic space either

The avian basilar papilla is composed of hair and supporting cells arranged in a regular pattern in which the hair cells are surrounded and isolated from each other by supporting cell processes. This arrangement of cells, in which the apical borders of hair cells do not contact one another, may be generated by contact-mediated lateral inhibition. Little is known, however, about the way in which hair and supporting cells are organized during development. Whole mounts double-labeled with antibodies to the 275 kDa hair-cell antigen and the tight junction protein cingulin were therefore used to examine the development of cell patterns in the basilar papilla. Hair cells that contact each other at their apical borders are seen during early development, especially on embryonic days (E) 8 and 9, but are no longer observed after E12. Hair and supporting cell patterns were analyzed in three different areas of the papilla at E9 and E12. In two of these regions between E9 and E12, the ratio of supporting ...

The organ of Corti is the sensitive element in the inner ear and can be thought of as the bodys microphone. It is situated on the basilar membrane in one of the three compartments of the Cochlea. It contains four rows of hair cells which protrude from its surface. Above them is the tectoral membrane which can move in response to pressure variations in the fluid- filled tympanic and vestibular canals. There are some 16,000 -20,000 of the hair cells distributed along the basilar membrane which follows the spiral of the cochlea. ...

La Dra. Elizabeth Halloran, del departamento de bioestadstica de la Rollins School of Public Health de la Universidad de Emory seal que este modelo confirma los resultados de otros estudios y que este modelo es particularmente interesante porque est basado en los datos actuales de la ciudad de Portland ...