Salinity-alkalinity stress is known to adversely affect a variety of processes in plants, thus inhibiting growth and decreasing crop yield. Polyamines protect plants against a variety of environmental stresses. However, whether exogenous spermidine increases the tolerance of tomato seedlings via effects on chloroplast antioxidant enzymes and chlorophyll metabolism is unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of exogenous spermidine on chlorophyll synthesis and degradation pathway intermediates and related enzyme activities, as well as chloroplast ultrastructure, gene expression, and antioxidants in salinity-alkalinity-stressed tomato seedlings. Salinity-alkalinity stress disrupted chlorophyll metabolism and hindered uroorphyrinogen III conversion to protoporphyrin IX. These effects were more pronounced in seedlings of cultivar Zhongza No. 9 than cultivar Jinpengchaoguan. Under salinity-alkalinity stress, exogenous spermidine alleviated decreases in the contents of total chlorophyll and chlorophyll

Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of N(1)-acetylspermine to spermidine and is thus involved in the polyamine back-conversion. Can also oxidize N(1)-acetylspermidine to putrescine. Substrate specificity: N(1)-acetylspermine = N(1)-acetylspermidine > N(1),N(12)-diacylspermine >> spermine. Does not oxidize spermidine. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs.

Polyamines were found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems after initially being identified in human semen in 1678 (32). Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) is a specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), one of the key enzymes involved in biosynthesis of polyamines including spermidine (33). As spermidine was found to be dramatically elevated in the urine of many cancer patients in 1971 (34), there have been attempts to use the biosynthesis pathway of polyamines as therapeutic target or use levels of polyamines as prognostic markers for cancer patients. DFMO plus sulindac has been shown to effectively prevent the recurrence of colon polyp in a phase III clinical trial (33). Although polyamine depletion has been suggested for cancer prevention, neither alone nor in combination with other agents was DFMO clinically effective (35). Recently, spermidine was shown to activate autophagy flux to prolong lifespans in model systems through promoting convergent deacetylation and acetylation ...

1 mCi quantities of [Terminal Methylenes-3H(N)]-Spermidine Trihydrochloride are available for your research. Application of [3H]Spermidine can be found in: possible novel mechanism underlying temperature-dependent uptake in nuclear fractions in (murine) brain research, endogenous indoles as novel polyamine site ligands at the NMDA receptor complex in brain research, lysine-spermine conjugate inhibiting polyamine transport and cell growth when given with DFMO in experimental cell research, etc.. ...

is certainly a gram-positive bacterium that triggers bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fish. very important to neutralization. The epitope mapping research recommend directions for improvement of MAb-based immunoassays for recognition of can be an important reason behind disease in outrageous and cultured salmon, trout, and char (analyzed in sources 12, 16, and 40). Seafood tend to be contaminated using the pathogen, and in a few locations, a lot of fish could be subclinically contaminated (11, 26, 28). Accurate medical diagnosis of contaminated fish is very important to the restriction of horizontal and vertical transmitting of the pathogen (10). Several immunological and molecular assays have already been developed to recognize proteins (17, 41). p57 can be an immunodominant antigen for salmon and rabbits (2, 13), and paradoxically, this proteins provides immunosuppressive actions (5, 15, 20, 34, 36). p57 binds to salmonid leukocytes (42) and mammalian crimson bloodstream cells (8). The ...

Concerning the pool of discriminant amino acids and biogenic amines, the most striking feature is the reduced concentration of spermidine and spermine in the POAG group compared to controls. Both of these metabolites are known to have an important role in optic nerves.32 Spermidine mediates protection against oxidative damage and has a neuroprotective effect on RGCs after optic nerve injury in adult mice.33 In a mouse model of normal-tension glaucoma, spermidine has been shown to prevent the neurodegeneration of RGCs.34 Interestingly, Kim et al.29 have reported decreased concentrations of spermidine and spermine in the blood of aged mice, as also found in several other organisms.35 It is worth noting that methionine and arginine, which have increased concentrations in the metabolomic signature of POAG, are both precursors of the biosynthesis of spermidine and spermine, with methionine being a methyl radical donor. Thus, the senescence-related perturbation of spermidine and spermine biosynthesis ...

The work in this thesis has covered three main topics; i) cytotoxic polyamine-conjugates ii) radiation protection polyamine-conjugates iii) polyamine conjugates which probe cellular uptake and DNA binding. The synthesis of these conjugates employed selective protection/deprotection steps, taking advantage of the BOC protecting groups regioselectivity of primary over secondary amines when reacting with naturally occurring polyamines.;After promising in vitro and in vivo results of the original spermidine-chlorambucil synthesised by Wheelhouse (1990), attempts were made to improve this compound. The terminal amines were ethylated. The new diethyl derivative showed greater inhibition of [C14] labelled spermidine entry into cultured cells, and improved cytotoxicity. Also a new novel cis-platin polyamine conjugate was synthesised and tested for cellular inhibition of radiolabelled spermidine and cytotoxicity. It failed to recognise the polyamine uptake receptor and gave poor [C14] spermidine ...

Spermidine is a natural polyamine found in many foods you likely eat; mushrooms, broccoli, apples, nuts, soy, aged cheese & much more.

SPEG complex locus, also known as SPEG, is a human gene.[1] Expression of this gene is thought to serve as a marker for differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells which may have a role in regulating growth and differentiation of this cell type. The encoded protein is highly similar to the corresponding rat and mouse proteins. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the full-length nature of only one variant has been defined.[1] ...

Reactome is pathway database which provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualisation, interpretation and analysis of pathway knowledge.

Plasmon ruler RNase A cleavage assay. (A) The RNA plasmon rulers are bound to the surface of a glass flow chamber using a BSA (bovin serum albumin)-Biotin-NeutrAvidin surface chemistry. Upon addition of RNase A, the RNA tether is cleaved, and the dimer converted into a monomer. (B) Single RNA plasmon ruler cleavage trajectory (recorded at 96 Hz). (I) The plasmon ruler is first incubated in buffer containing spermidine at defined concentrations (0 -5 mM), (II) the buffer is exchanged with a 1 nM RNase A solution, causing (III) a strong drop in intensity upon RNA cleavage. Inset: Number of cleavage events for flushing with/without enzyme. ∆tcl is defined as the time between enzyme addition and cleavage. For more information, refer to: L.R. Skewis & B.M. Reinhard, Nano Lett., 8, 214 (2008 ...

In mice, polyamines boost autophagy and promote clearance of soluble Aβ species. In cells, they counteract tau aggregation. In the Alzheimers brain, their metabolism is ramped up. Could spermidine supplements prevent or treat AD?. ...

In mice, polyamines boost autophagy and promote clearance of soluble Aβ species. In cells, they counteract tau aggregation. In the Alzheimers brain, their metabolism is ramped up. Could spermidine supplements prevent or treat AD?. ...

Monoklonale und polyklonale SPEG Antikörper für viele Methoden. Ausgesuchte Qualitäts-Hersteller für SPEG Antikörper. Hier bestellen.

Polyamine biosynthesis in intact cells can be exquisitely controlled with exogenous polyamines through the regulation of rate-limiting biosynthetic enzymes, particularly ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). In an attempt to exploit this phenomenon as an antiproliferative strategy, certain polyamine analogues have been identified [Porter, Cavanaugh, Stolowich, Ganis, Kelly & Bergeron (1985) Cancer Res. 45, 2050-2057] which lower ODC activity in intact cells, have no direct inhibitory effects on ODC, are incapable of substituting for spermidine (SPD) in supporting cell growth, and are growth-inhibitory at micromolar concentrations. In the present study, the most effective of these analogues, N1N8-bis(ethyl)SPD (BES), is compared with SPD in its ability to regulate ODC activity in intact L1210 cells and in the mechanism(s) by which this is accomplished. With respect to time and dose-dependence of ODC suppression, both polyamines closely paralleled one another in their response curves, although BES was ...

Polyamines are small poly-cations essential for all cellular life. The main polyamines present in metazoans are putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Their exact functions are still largely unclear; however, they are involved in a wide variety of processes affecting cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and aging. Here we identify idefix, a mutation in the zebrafish gene encoding the enzyme spermidine synthase, leading to a severe reduction in spermidine levels as shown by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. We show that spermidine, but not spermine, is essential for early development, organogenesis and colour pattern formation. Whereas in other vertebrates spermidine deficiency leads to very early embryonic lethality, maternally provided spermidine synthase in zebrafish is sufficient to rescue the early developmental defects. This allows us to uncouple them from events occurring later during colour patterning. Factors involved in the cellular interactions essential for colour ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular cloning and characterization of coffee cDNA encoding spermidine synthase. AU - Hatanaka, Tomoko. AU - Sano, Hiroshi. AU - Kusano, Tomonobu. N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Dr T. Hashimoto of this institute for providing bacterial strain, vector, chemical (dcSAM) with valuable information, and Professor T. Yasuda in Kobe University for providing the white callus and embryogenic callus of C. arabica . We also thank N. Kawai and T. Shouji for their excellent technical assistance, and M. Furuta for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from Research for the Future Program of The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS-RFTF96R160012), and Science and Culture of Japan, and Nestle Science Promotion Committee. T. Hatanaka is a recipient of post-doctoral fellowship from JSPS. PY - 1999/1/25. Y1 - 1999/1/25. N2 - A cDNA for spermidine synthase (SPDS), which converts putrescine to spermidine using decarboxylated ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Polyamines are needed for the differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts into adipose cells. AU - Bethell, Delia R.. AU - Pegg, Anthony E.. PY - 1981/9/16. Y1 - 1981/9/16. N2 - When non-proliferating 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were stimulated to differentiate into adipose cells, there was a dramatic increase in the intracellular level of the polyamine, spermidine. Addition of α-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, depleted the cellular polyamines and prevented triglyceride accumulation and differentiation. The inhibitory effect of α-difluoromethylorinithine was completely abolished by provision of spermidine or putrescine. This suggests that polyamines are needed in the processes of differentiation as well as their established requirement for cell growth.. AB - When non-proliferating 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were stimulated to differentiate into adipose cells, there was a dramatic increase in the intracellular level of the polyamine, spermidine. Addition of ...

Deoxyhypusine synthase catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of hypusine [Nε-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine]. The crystal structure of human deoxyhypusine synthase in complex with NAD revealed four NAD-binding sites per enzyme tetramer, and led to a prediction of the spermidine-binding pocket. We have replaced each of the seven amino acid residues at the predicted spermidine-binding site, and eleven residues that contact NAD, on an individual basis with alanine. Of the amino acid residues at the spermidine site, substitution of Asp-243, Trp-327, His-288, Asp-316 or Glu-323 with alanine caused an almost complete loss of spermidine binding and enzyme activity; only the mutation Tyr-305 → Ala showed partial binding and activity. His-288 → Ala was also deficient in terms of binding NAD. NAD binding was significantly reduced in all of the NAD-site mutant enzymes, except for Glu-137 → Ala, which showed a normal binding of NAD, but was totally lacking in spermidine binding. Of the ...

Many medical institutions in Korea have been recently performing an antibody screening test as one of the essential elements of a pre-transfusion test. transfusion reaction by alloantibody. Unexpected antibody, differently from expected antibodies such as anti-A or anti-B from ABO blood groups, is a case where the existence of antibody to a specific antigen in the serum is not detectable until testing, so it is also called irregular antibody. Most blood-group BMS-794833 antibodies including ABO other than some of P blood group belong to unexpected antibody. Although unexpected Rabbit Polyclonal to DGAT2L6. antibody possibly occurs naturally, most of important unexpected antibodies are immune antibody produced when exposed to different antigens through pregnancy, transfusion, etc. In Korea, the frequency of unexpected antibody has been reported to range from 0.26% to 1 1.11%, depending on topics and check methods [1]. Antibody testing sections for an urgent antibody testing check found in Korea ...

trypanothione synthetase: catalyzes the synthesis of N(1)- and N(8)-glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione from ATP/Mg, glutathione, and spermidine; member of ATP-dependent class of ligases forming an amide linkage

Polyamines are small, ubiquitous organic polycations that have been implicated in a wide variety of physiological functions including protein translation, membrane stabilization and cell proliferation (reviewed in Tabor and Tabor, 1984). As one might expect, biosynthesis of polyamines is essential for viability of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The most common polyamines are putrescine, spermidine and spermine, which contain two, three or four charged amine groups, respectively. Eukaryotic organisms contain all three of these amines at abundant levels (high micromolar to millimolar). Much attention has focused on the roles of polyamines in various disease processes. For instance, polyamines have been implicated in autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (Brooks, 1994). Polyamines also accumulate in cancer cells, and high levels of polyamines are found in the urine from cancer patients (reviewed in Russel and Duri, 1978; Chanda and Ganguly, 1988). Increased levels of ...

Polyamine transport actions have already been described in diverse multicellular systems, but their bioenergetic systems and molecular identification stay unclear. methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), NMDG, S2 (Schneider range 2) cells, the initial such activity referred to within a model hereditary system, and weve characterized its kinetics, ionic requirements and pharmacological profile. This activity displays particular affinity for spermine and spermidine, however, not putrescine, would depend on H+, however, not Na+, and displays a pharmacological profile strikingly identical to that from the Slc22 (solute carrier 22) category of solute companies. These data will facilitate additional tests for the molecular id and characterization from the spermine/spermidine transporter in as well as perhaps in various other species aswell. MATERIALS AND Strategies Reagents [14C]Spermine tetrahydrochloride (113?Ci/mol) and [14C]spermdine trihydrochoride (112?Ci/mol) had been extracted from Amersham ...

The objective of this project was to synthesize a protected spermidine derivative, which is a polyamine derivative. The spermidine that was to be synthesised is a N8 protected spermidine derivative.

Erkunden Sie mit unseren Kanus einzigartige Landschaften, die vom Ufer aus verborgen bleiben.Betriebsausflüge und Firmenveranstaltungen Familientouren und Gruppenausflüge Schulklassen und Jugendgruppen Erzähl den Menschen nichts von Freiheit, sondern lehre Sie, ein Boot zu bauen... Neben den Kanutouren und Kulinarischem warten noch weitere Erlebnisse auf Sie.Also research into large frequency swallowing loads of semen (with every meal) as a trigger of cachexia causing mass weight loss in obese woman and its possible use as a treatment (cure? Spermidine given to mice as a dietary supplement increased their lifespans and seemed to benefit their cardiovascular systems ...cellular activity increases, and mortality decreases.In fact, a study published in 2016 in Nature Medicine made three interesting conclusions: first, spermidine given to mice as a dietary supplement increased their lifespans and seemed to benefit their cardiovascular systems; second, in rats bred for hypertension, spermidine ...

InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.

Russell, D H. and Levy, C C., Polyamine accumulation and biosynthesis in a mouse l1210 leukemia. (1971). Subject Strain Bibliography 1971. 2098 ...

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Published on Oct 1, 2016 Dr. Rhonda Patrick speaks with Dr. Valter Longo, a professor of gerontology and biological sciences and director of the longevity institute at the University of Southern California. Dr. Longo has made huge contributions to the field of aging, including the role of fasting and diet in longevity and healthspan in humans as well as metabolic fasting therapies for the treatment of human diseases. In this conversation, Rhonda and Valter discuss... • The effects of prolonged fasting, which refers to 2-3 day fasting intervals in mice and 4-5 days in humans. • Dr. Longos work on the fasting-mimicking diet, which is 5 day restricted diet that is meant to simulate some of the biological effects of prolonged fasting while still allowing some food. • How clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy for this diet for type 2 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and cancer patients. • Fasting as an inducer of differential stress resistance, where it can simultaneously make cancer cells ...

B-1008: from Pseudomonas fluorescens No. 101 B-13L; water soluble basic substance containing spermidine moiety; acid hydrolysis yields spermidine

Gamma-glutamylputrescine synthetase PuuA; Involved in the breakdown of putrescine via the biosynthesis of gamma-L-glutamylputrescine. It is able to use several diamines, spermidine and spermine. Absolutely essential to utilize putrescine as both nitrogen and carbon sources and to decrease the toxicity of putrescine, which can lead to inhibition of cell growth and protein synthesis; Belongs to the glutamine synthetase ...

Expression of SPEG (APEG1, BPEG, KIAA1297, MGC12676, SPEGalpha, SPEGbeta) in cancer tissue. The cancer tissue page shows antibody staining of the protein in 20 different cancers.

Staphylococcus aureus; strain: Newman; locus tag: NWMN_0966 (NWMN_RS05415); symbol: potB; product: spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter permease protein

SWISS-MODEL Repository entry for C4ZY62 (MDTI_ECOBW), Spermidine export protein MdtI. Escherichia coli (strain K12 / MC4100 / BW2952)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Growth arrest- and polyamine-dependent expression of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in human tumor cells. AU - Ignatenko, Natalia. AU - Gerner, Eugene W.. PY - 1996/4. Y1 - 1996/4. N2 - Polyamines are essential for optimal cell growth. The regulation of polyamine biosynthetic, but not catabolic, enzymes has been studied in detail. Because intracellular polyamine contents depend on both synthesis and catabolism, we studied the regulation of spermidine/spermine N1- acetyltransferase (N1SSAT), the first enzyme in polyamine catabolism. Steady-state RNA levels of N1SSAT increased 3-5 fold as human colon tumor- derived HCT116 cells traversed the log phase and entered the plateau phase. Depletion of cellular polyamines, using α-difluoromethylornithine, caused a decrease in the steady-state levels of both the 1.3-kb N1SSAT transcript and its 3.5-kb precursor, without affecting the stability of either RNA. N1SSAT enzyme activity was low in cells with normal polyamine contents ...

Increased polyamine biosynthesis activity and an active polyamine transport system are characteristics of many cancer cell lines and polyamine depletion has been shown to be a viable anticancer strategy. Polyamine levels can be depleted by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of the key polyamine biosynthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). However, malignant cells frequently circumvent DFMO therapy by up-regulating polyamine import. Therefore, there is a need to develop compounds that inhibit polyamine transport. Collectively, DFMO and a polyamine transport inhibitor (PTI) provide the basis for a combination therapy leading to effective intracellular polyamine depletion. We have previously shown that the pattern of uptake of a series of polyamine analogues in a Drosophila model epithelium shares many characteristics with mammalian cells, indicating a high degree of similarity between the mammalian and Drosophila polyamine transport systems. In this report, we focused on the utility of the

TY - JOUR. T1 - Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei. AU - Oza, Sandra L.. AU - Ariyanayagam, Mark R.. AU - Aitcheson, Niall. AU - Fairlamb, Alan H.. N1 - Funding Information: We would like to thank Dr. Lucia Guther for providing samples of T. brucei genomic DNA, Dr. Robin Leatherbarrow for assistance with transformation equations in GraFit and the Wellcome Trust for financial support. AHF is a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow. Part of this study was in fulfilment of the Honours Biochemistry degree (2001) for NA.. PY - 2003/9. Y1 - 2003/9. N2 - Trypanothione [N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine] plays a central role in defence against oxidant damage, ribonucleotide metabolism and in resistance to certain drugs in trypanosomatids. In Crithidia fasciculata, synthesis of trypanothione involves sequential conjugation of two molecules of glutathione (GSH) to spermidine by two enzymes: glutathionylspermidine synthetase (GspS; EC 6.3.1.8) and trypanothione synthetase ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Inactivation of IkB contributes to transcriptional activation of spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase. AU - Choi, W.. AU - Proctor, L.. AU - Xia, Q.. AU - Feng, Y.. AU - Gerner, E. W.. AU - Chiao, P. J.. AU - Hamilton, S. R.. AU - Zhang, W.. N1 - Contribution: organisation=sgn,FACT1=1. PY - 2006. Y1 - 2006. U2 - 10.1002/mc.20239. DO - 10.1002/mc.20239. M3 - Article. VL - 45. SP - 685. EP - 693. JO - Molecular Carcinogenesis. JF - Molecular Carcinogenesis. SN - 0899-1987. IS - 9. ER - ...

Polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are required by living cells, but their functions are poorly understood. Mutants of Neurospora crassa with enhanced or diminished sensitivity to interference with polyamine synthesis, originally selected to study the regulation of the pathway, were found to have unexpected defects. A group of four non-allelic mutations, causing no interference with polyamine synthesis, each imparted spermidine auxotrophy to a genotype already partially impaired in spermidine synthesis. Strains carrying only the new mutations displayed unconditional delay or weakness at the onset of growth, but grew well thereafter and had a normal or overly active polyamine pathway. These mutants may have defects in vital macromolecular activities that are especially dependent upon the polyamines-activities that have not been identified with certainty in studies to date. Another group of mutants, selected as resistant to the polyamine inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), had normal ...

In order to evaluate responses of a pistachio seedling rootstock (Pistacia vera L. cv. Ghazvini) to NaCl induced salinity stress and potential protective role of exogenous spermine and spermidine on NaCl induced salinity stress, a greenhouse experiment was conducted during growing season of 2009. The NaCl treatments, involving 800, 1600, and 3200 mg NaCl per Kg of soil for 90 days, suppressed growth of the seedlings and induced accumulation of Na+ and Clin roots and shoots. Accumulation of Na+ and Clin shoots was higher than in roots. Our data also showed more accumulation of K+ in the shoot than in the roots under salinity stress. The ratio of K+ /Na+ in compare with control was highly significant in the shoots of stressed plants. Exogenous polyamines (PAs) prevented the growth reduction induced by salinity stress and reduced transport of Na+ and Clfrom the root to shoot and increased translocation of K+ from the root to the shoot of pistachio seedlings. We concluded that Ghazvini rootstock appear to

phdthesis{8467fc6f-8c20-4634-9e13-8c10c0b1c8ef, abstract = {Our research group has previously shown that treatment with the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors a-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or amidinoindan-1-one 2´-amidinohydrazone (CGP 48664) inhibited S phase progression before any other cell cycle phase was affected. This study was undertaken to further investigate the role of polyamines in the regulation of S phase progression and DNA synthesis. I have found that treatment with the polyamine analog <i>N</i>¹,<i>N</i>¹¹-diethylnorspermine (DENSPM) also caused a prolongation of the S phase. The common denominator for DFMO, CGP 48664, or DENSPM treatment is a depletion of the cellular spermidine pool. CGP 48664 and DENSPM in addition deplete the spermine pool. CGP 48664 or DENSPM treatment prolonged the S phase more than did DFMO treatment. Thus, mainly spermine but also spermidine may have a function in S phase ...

Polyamines, ubiquitous organic aliphatic cations, have been implicated in a myriad of physiological and developmental processes in many organisms, but their in vivo functions remain to be determined. We expressed a yeast S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene (ySAMdc; Spe2) fused with a ripening-inducible E8 promoter to specifically increase levels of the polyamines spermidine and spermine in tomato fruit during ripening. Independent transgenic plants and their segregating lines were evaluated after cultivation in the greenhouse and in the field for five successive generations. The enhanced expression of the ySAMdc gene resulted in increased conversion of putrescine into higher polyamines and thus to ripening-specific accumulation of spermidine and spermine. This led to an increase in lycopene, prolonged vine life, and enhanced fruit juice quality. Lycopene levels in cultivated tomatoes are generally low, and increasing them in the fruit enhances its nutrient value. Furthermore, the rates of ethylene

Dive into the research topics of Binding and inhibition of spermidine synthase from Plasmodium falciparum and implications for in vitro inhibitor testing. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

The low seed vigor and poor field emergence are main factors that restricting the extension of sweet corn in China. Spermidine (Spd) plays an important role in plant growth and development, but little is known about the effect of Spd on sweet corn seed germination. Therefore the effect of exogenous Spd on seed germination and physiological and biochemical changes during seed imbibition of Xiantian No.5 were investigated in this study. Spd soaking treatment not only improved seed germination percentage but also significantly enhanced seed vigor which was indicated by higher germination index, vigor index, shoot heights and dry weights of shoot and root compared with the control; while exogenous CHA, the biosynthesis inhibitor of Spd, significantly inhibited seed germination and declined seed vigor. Spd application significantly increased endogenous Spd, gibberellins and ethylene contents and simultaneously reduced ABA concentration in embryos during seed imbibition. In addition, the effects of exogenous

The effects of inhibitors of polyamine synthesis on the invasive capacity of rat ascites hepatoma (LC-AH) cells were examined by in vitro assay of penetration of the LC-AH cells through a monolayer of calf pulmonary arterial endothelial (CPAE) cells. Pretreatment of LC-AH cells with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, before seeding them onto a CPAE cell monolayer and culturing them for 24 h in the absence of DFMO decreased the number of penetrating tumor cells time and dose dependently (about 35% of the maximal inhibition) without affecting their viability or proliferative activity. DFMO treatment caused a marked decrease in the intracellular level of putrescine but not of spermidine or spermine. The DFMO-induced decreases in invasive capacity and putrescine level were almost completely reversed by the addition of putrescine to the medium during pretreatment with DFMO or invasion assay but were not affected by exogenous spermidine or spermine. No change ...

InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.

Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine may not have the most appetizing names, but these amino-acid derived molecules (called polyamines) are ingredients of all mammal milks. The presence of polyamines in milk is not surprising-putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are manufactured by all mammalian body cells, including mammary tissue. But polyamines are not accidental milk ingredients, passed on simply because they are ubiquitous in mammalian cells. Research from human and non-human animal models demonstrates that optimal nutrient absorption, the composition of the intestinal microbiome, and even food allergy may all depend on a sufficient supply of polyamines during the neonatal period. Milk polyamines, although odd in name, are essential for the proper maturation of the gastrointestinal tract in humans and other mammals. Read More... ...

Triethylenetetramine [TETA (trientine); Supplemental Fig. 1] is an alternative drug for Wilsons disease if the patient becomes intolerant to the primary medication with penicillamine (Walshe, 1969). TETA is a very efficient copper chelator and very well tolerated. However, it is rapidly metabolized to its mono (MAT)- and diacetylated (DAT) derivatives (Lu et al., 2007). Recently, TETA has also shown potency in the treatment of other diseases such as diabetes-associated end-organ damage (Cooper, 2011), cancer (Yin et al., 2003), and Alzheimers disease (Cooper, 2011).. TETA resembles the biogenic polyamine spermidine (Spd) in structure (Supplemental Fig. 1), but possesses only about +2 net charge at the physiologic pH compared with +3 that of Spd (Bencini et al., 1999; Frassineti et al., 2003). The polyamines Spd and spermine (Spm) are present at high concentrations in almost all cell types and are considered mediators of important cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and ...

The polyamines spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, etc. have been implicated in a variety of cellular functions. However, details of their mode of interaction with other ubiquitous biomolecules is not known. We have solved a few structures of polyamine-amino acid complexes to understand the nature and mode of their interactions. Here we report the structure of a complex of putrescine with DL-glutamic acid. Comparison of the structure with the structure of putrescine-L-glutamic acid complex reveals the high degree of similarity in the mode of interaction in the two complexes. Despite the presence of a centre of symmetry in the present case, the arrangement of molecules is strikingly similar to the L-glutamic acid complex.. ...

Previous studies have shown that amine groups are ototoxic. The interaction between different polyamines and phospholipid vesicles was studied using vesicle aggregation and fluorescence techniques (DPH and ANS as the fluorescence probes). The results showed that the interaction between polyamines (spermine, spermidine and 1,3-diaminopropane) and acidic phospholipids (PS, PE, PI and PIP2) is an ionic one. The polyamine with the highest positive charges and the phospholipid with the highest content of negative groups showed the strongest ionic interaction. There was no indication of any hydrophobic interaction within the phospholipid bilayer. The strong interaction between amine groups and PIP2 support the proposal that the latter is crucially involved in aminoglycoside toxicity in the inner ear and kidney.

Glycosylated polyamines comprising of mono- or oligo-saccharides that are glycosidically linked to an aliphatic polyamine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and derivatives thereof are provided. An exemplary glycosylated polyamine has the following structure: ##STR1##Glycosylated polyamines, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and derivatives are useful, for example, as anticancer compounds for the treatment of a variety of cancers. Methods for synthesis of glycosylated polyamines are disclosed. In addition, metal complexes of glycosylated polyamines, the preparation of such metal complexes, analytical methods using the metal complexes are provided. Methods for detecting equatorial and axial conformation of a group other than hydrogen at the C2 position of a saccharide molecule are also provided.

Wound-healing of the gastric mucosa is suggested to be stimulated by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Polyamines are shown to contribute to repair after damage in the gastric mucosa. The present study was designed to elucidate whether HGF can stimulate wound-healing of the gastric mucosa via polyamin …

Rabbit monoclonal antibody raised against a human SPEG peptide using ARM Technology. A synthetic peptide of human SPEG is used for rabbit immunization.Customer or Abnova will decide on the preferred peptide sequence. (H00010290-K) - Products - Abnova

SAT1 - SAT1 (untagged)-Human spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), transcript variant 1 available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.

Klempan TA, Rujescu D, Mérette C, Himmelman C, Sequeira A, Canetti L, et al. Profiling brain expression of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) gene in suicide. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2009;150B(7):934-43. ...

Klempan TA, Rujescu D, Mérette C, Himmelman C, Sequeira A, Canetti L, et al. Profiling brain expression of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) gene in suicide. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2009;150B(7):934-43. ...

Squalamine, a 7,24 dihydroxylated 24-sulfated cholestane steroid conjugated to a spermidine at position C-3. This steroidal compound was initially found in tiss

Water-soluble polyamines which (a) have an average molecular weight of above 1,000, (b) contain at least one grouping of the formulain whichZ denotes a --COOH or --SO.sub.3 H group andR represents an alkylene radical, possessing 1 to 7 C atoms, which is optionally substituted and/or interrupted by a carbonamido group,Bonded to a basic nitrogen atom, and which (c) are obtainable either by reaction of water-soluble low molecular polyamines with compounds which introduce acid groups and with compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups, or by reaction of water-soluble higher-molecular polyamines, having an amine equivalent of 43 to 700, in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to at least every twentieth basic nitrogen atom, with compounds which introduce acid groups and optionally with compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups; a process for their manufacture and their use as agents for increasing the retention of fibres, fillers and pigments

The enzyme is not the biomarker. The biomarker is the product (metabolite) of the enzymatic reaction. An over-expressed enzyme related to cancer will produce many thousands of times more metabolite, thereby exponentially increasing the signal-to-background-noise ratio. The result is an amplified biomarker that acts like beacon for early detection that no traditional biomarker can match.. BioMark has identified one such enzyme that is over-expressed in most types of cancer cells, therefore giving them the ability to detect many tumors. This enzyme is called spermidine/spermine acetyltransferase (SSAT) and it converts an FDA-approved drug called amantadine into an acetylated form called N-acetylamantadine. N-acetylamantadine is produced in high amounts in cancer cells and is easily detected in urine in a cost-effective manner. ...

Principal Investigator：IGARASHI Kazuei, Project Period (FY)：1997 - 1998, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Section：一般, Research Field：Biological pharmacy

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As if you need another reason to eat more cheese, new research suggests that certain types of this rich dairy staple may be able to promote heart health and even extend your lifespan. A new study published in the journal Nature Medicine revealed that spermidine, a compound found in many naturally occurring substances such as certain…. .repubhubembed{display:none;}. ...

In I. Needham, P. Callaghan, T. Palmstierna, H. Nijman, & N. Oud (Eds.), Violence in clinical psychiatry: Proceedings of the 6th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry (pp. 88-91). Dwingeloo, The Netherlands: Kavanah, 2009 ...