AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 129:305-310 (2006) Effect of the Interaction Between High Altitude and Socioeconomic Factors on Birth Weight in a Large Sample From South America Jorge S. López Camelo,1,2* Hebe Campaña,1 Rita Santos,1 and Fernando A. Poletta1,2 1 Latin-American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Celular (IMBICE), 1900 La Plata, Argentina 2 Latin-American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Dirección de Investigación, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clı́nica (CEMIC), 1431 Buenos Aires, Argentina KEY WORDS altitude; birth weight; interaction risk; socioeconomic level ABSTRACT Several studies of South American populations showed that altitude is associated with low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation. Although some of them analyzed the altitude-birth weight association, only a few assessed the effect of the interaction between altitude and ...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Discovering the influence of socioeconomic factors on online game behaviors. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
The Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on Technological Change: The Case of High-Tech States in the U.S.: 10.4018/978-1-93177-743-8.ch010: This paper examines the technological level of 74 counties in technologically advanced states in the United States at the end of the 1990s. The conceptual
Although sociodemographic differences in dietary intake have been widely studied, the up-to-date evidence on the corresponding variations in motives for food selection is limited. We investigated how sociodemographic characteristics and special diets in households are associated with the relative importance of various food motives. Participants were members of the S Group loyalty card program across Finland who consented to release their grocery purchase data to be used for research purposes and responded to a web-based questionnaire in 2018 (LoCard study). Self-reported information on sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, living situation, education, household income), special diets in household and food motives (Food Choice Questionnaire) were utilized in the present analyses (N = 10,795). Age- and gender-adjusted linear models were performed separately for each sociodemographic predictor and motive dimension (derived by factor analysis) outcome. The importance of each
Prevalence, patterns and socio-demographic correlates of tobacco use in Davangere taluka, Karnataka: a community-based, cross-sectional study
Few data exist on the psychosocial factors associated with attrition in longitudinal surveys. This study was undertaken to determine psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition from a longitudinal study of the onset and persistence of episodes of major depression in primary care. A systematic random sample of general practice attendees was recruited in seven Spanish provinces between October 2005 and February 2006. Major depression was diagnosed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and a set of 39 individual and environmental risk factors for depression were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of follow-up.. ...
Abstract. In this paper we present a model to evaluate the effect of certain majors socioeconomic factors (such as alcohol and fat consumption, cigarettes smoking, unemployment rate as a proxy for uncertainty which results frustration, number of passenger cars as a proxy for physical exercise and per capita GDP as a proxy for nutrition quality), to the ischemic mortality rate. Since the existing research works on this field, suffer from the proper model testing, we analytically present all the tests necessary to justify the reliability of the result obtained. For this purpose, after specifying and estimating the model, we applied the specification error test, the linearity, multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity tests, the autocorrelation and stability tests and the ARCH effect test. Finally, we present the aggregate efect of the above socioeconomic factors. In brief, we found that an increase of cigarettes smoked, of fat and alcohol consumption and the number of passenger cars will result to ...
Background : Although health-related quality of life HRQL in asthma is strongly influenced by disease severity, demographic and socioeconomic variables may also be important factors. Objective : We related demographics, asthma severity, and socioeconomic factors to HRQL. Methods : We interviewed 50 patients with moderate or severe asthma...
This work presents a relationship between environmental conditions and reproductive performance in modern humans. Birth rates and sex ratio (SRB) at birth were analyzed from large data scales. The results include data from people working or living under different job respectively socio-economic conditions, such as employees working in the academic field, employees under supervisory or hire and fire conditions, and people who have better access to resources. The results show that employees who have better jobs and earn more money do have more children and females under better socio-economic conditions do give birth to more sons. In conclusion, it is suggested that different socio-economic environmental conditions may have an impact on female and male birth rates and SRBs, which may be related to stress perception rates. ...
ISSUE ADDRESSED:Mental health promotion aimed at populations with low socio-economic status (SES) may benefit by investigating prevention strategies that effectively address related child and adolescent problems. METHODS:Evidence from a number of literature reviews and program evaluations was synthesised. First, the impact of SES on development from childhood to adulthood is considered in light of research on substance abuse, violence, crime, and child development problems. Second, evaluations of interventions are reviewed to identify those that have shown outcomes in research studies (efficacy) or in real-world settings (effectiveness) in reducing developmental problems associated with low SES. Low SES is measured in different ways including low levels of education and/or income or definitions that combine several variables into a new indicator of low SES. RESULTS:Factors associated with low SES are also associated to varying extent with the development of violence and crime, substance abuse ...
[IMG] A new entry has been added to Drugs Archive Description: 2 mins 30 May 2008 TV3 News (NZ) While some smokers are giving up, others are making the most of every cigarette. Research has...
In some ways, the coverage rate itself captures inequality. For example, if 80% of a countrys children have access to clean water, then you can infer that the remaining 20% do not have access to that opportunity. However, the likelihood of having or (not having) access to an opportunity is far from random. In this dashboard, go beyond country-level averages and see how a childs characteristics can affect his or her access to basic opportunities. Does access differ between urban and rural areas, for boys and girls, or among children of different socio-economic conditions? In an equal opportunity society, circumstances determined by the lottery of birth should have no bearing on access to opportunities.. For details on the underlying data, definitions of opportunities and circumstances, consult the documentation and FAQ sections. ...
It is clear from the results of this study that the relevance between area characteristic by social class and distribution characteristics of existing branches of five major banks in Tokyo 23 wards. A lot of branches of five major banks are located in Group5 (high class). And, although the order is different, most of branches in five major banks are located in Group1 (the elderly & life style stability), Group8 (spending power), and Group6(instability of life ). The result also shows that the five major banks in Tokyo 23 wards have a about the same branch location tendency. Therefore, it can be inferred that there are active competitions in Tokyo 23 wards. Overall, the methodology used in this study using GIS is regarded as a process that is necessary for identifying the relevance of market characteristics and bank branch location for making efficient bank branch marketing strategies; however, the second stage of this study may have some problems of overlay analysis to get an more accurate ...
Trinity sets out its commitment to an inclusive university community with equality of access for all in Section A1.1 (p20) of the Strategic Plan 2014-2019. In this section on Access and Participation, the university states its objective to increase the percentage of under-represented groups enrolled on undergraduate courses to 25% in 2019 - under-represented groups includes mature students, students with disabilities and students who have been socio-economically disadvantaged.. The Higher Education Authority (HEA) has also published a National Plan for Equity of Access to Higher Education, which targets socio-economic groups who have been under-represented in higher education in Ireland to date. ...
Too much sitting (extended sedentary time) is recognized as a public health concern in Europe and beyond. Time spent sedentary is influenced and conditioned by clusters of individual-level and contextual (upstream) factors. Identifying population subgroups that sit too much could help to develop tar …
Socioeconomic determinants of haemoglobin levels of African women are less important in areas with more health facilities: a multilevel analysis ...
A socioeconomic gradient in type 2 diabetes prevalence among developed countries has been extensively documented (24-29). To reduce the dramatic diabetes disparities borne by socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, prevention strategies that can be implemented effectively among those populations are urgently needed. Although lifestyle intervention has proven to be highly efficacious in preventing diabetes in multiple clinical trials, this study suggests its effectiveness may not be optimal for participants of low SES. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that SDPI-DP participants with lower SES, especially those reporting lower annual household income, had significantly less weight loss, less improvement in physical activity, and less reduction in unhealthy food consumption than those with higher incomes. These results resonate with our previous findings of low retention rates among SDPI-DP participants with low household income (30), highlighting the important role of income for an ...
Describe the economic characteristics of the global motor vehicle industry. The characteristics of the global motor vehicle industry are a boom in certain...
What can I say about financial difficulties? Financial difficulties happen to me from time to time. Sometimes they happen often, while sometimes they do not happen at all for a few months in a row. From what I hear around me, many other people experience them as well. As a matter of fact, it is normal for some of my friends to experience financial difficulties on a regular basis. It is not surprising to me to hear that some of my friends and family have financial problems from time to time. I think that it is great that nowadays many lenders offer us the possibility to apply for payday loans and get them almost the same working day. Personally, I do not know what I would do if such loans did not exist. I would probably not know what to do at all. I would not want to visit my bank and ask for a loan every time I need it. Even thinking about it already gives me a chill. Instead, I prefer to head straight to Tide u over and ask them for help.. As life can be very surprising, you never know what ...
We set and solved the problem of identifying socio-economic determinants of Parkinsons disease (PD) by comparing the characteristics of different countries. &nb..
Disease incidence is usually connected to biological factors such as genetics, eating habits, exercise and so on. But are there are other socioeconomic factors that influence disease incidence as well? This TED talk from Bill Davenhall inspired us to explore socioeconomic factors that may influence disease incidence. To explore the connections of socioeconomic factors such as…
Methods For waves 2-6 of the Baby (B) Cohort (ages 2-3 to 10-11 years) and waves 1-6 of the Kindergarten (K) Cohort (ages 4-5 to 14-15 years) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, we constructed trajectories of dietary scores and of empirically derived dietary patterns. Dietary scores, based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines, summed childrens consumption frequencies of seven groups of foods or drinks over the last 24 hours. Dietary patterns at each wave were derived using factor analyses of 12-16 food or drink items. Using multinomial logistic regression analyses, we examined associations of baseline single (parental education, remoteness area, parental employment, income, food security and home ownership) and composite (socioeconomic position and neighbourhood disadvantage) factors with adherence to dietary trajectories. ...
The aim of this research is to provide an indication of the extent of the cost of Government inaction in developing policies and implementing strategies that would reduce socio-economic differences within the Australian population of working age (25-64 years) that give rise to health inequities. The cost of inaction is measured in terms of the loss of potential social and economic outcomes that might otherwise have accrued to socio-economically disadvantaged individuals if they had had the same health profile of more socio-economically advantaged Australians. For the purposes of this report, the contrast is made between those who are most socio-economically disadvantaged and those who are least disadvantaged defined in terms of household income, level of education, housing tenure and degree of social connectedness. Four types of key outcomes are considered:- the number of disadvantaged Australians of working age experiencing health inequity, - satisfaction with life, - economic outcomes ...
The research by Professor Gianni De Fraja and Tania Oliveira of the Economics Department at the University of Leicester and Luisa Zanchi of Leeds University Business School is published in the latest issue of the MIT based Review of Economics and Statistics.. The researchers found that parents effort is more important for a childs educational attainment than the schools effort, which in turn is more important than the childs own effort.. The study showed that the socio-economic background of a family not only affected the childs educational attainment - it also affected the schools effort.. Professor De Fraja, Head of Economics at the University of Leicester, said: The main channel through which parental socio-economic background affects achievement is via effort.. Parents from a more advantaged environment exert more effort, and this influences positively the educational attainment of their children.. By the same token, the parents background also increases the schools effort, which ...
Are socio-economically disadvantaged students condemned to perpetuate an intergenerational cycle of poor academic achievement, poor job prospects and poverty?
Lareb International was established as a result of certain business principles and practices. We are able to provide our products at cheap cost, more flexibility and with exceptional quality because of Indias world wide reputation for exceptional natural resources and availability of skilled manpower at low cost. Therefore, not only you will get quality products strictly on time but we will also able to improve the socio-economic conditions of producers.. ...
This thesis is about statistics contributions to industry. It is an article compendium comprising four articles divided in two blocks: (i) two contributions for a water supply company, and (ii) significance of the effects in Design of Experiments. In the first block, great emphasis is placed on how the research design and statistics can be applied to various real problems that a water company raises and it aims to convince water management companies that statistics can be very useful to improve their services. The article A methodology to model water demand based on the identification of homogeneous client segments. Application to the city of Barcelona, makes a comprehensive review of all the steps carried out for developing a mathematical model to forecast future water demand. It pays attention on how to know more about the influence of socioeconomic factors on customers consumption in order to detect segments of customers with homogenous habits to objectively explain the behavior of the ...
Overweight and obesity are a significant public health challenge globally, and disproportionately affect those with a low socioeconomic position in developed countries. Despite an increasing commitment at national and international levels, reducing these inequalities has proved challenging, even in settings considered as egalitarian such as Norway. Such inequalities are particularly problematic among children because of both short and long-term consequences, contributing to a vicious circle of inequalities in health. To address this challenge, there is a need to understand when, how and why these inequalities occur and develop throughout childhood. It is also of utmost importance to explore the understudied modifiable factors that contribute to unfavorable health behaviors leading to overweight and obesity and associated inequalities.. ...
221 Pickett, K. E. and M. Pearl. 2001. Multilevel analyses o f neighbourhood socioeconomic context and health outcomes: a critical review. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 55:111 122. Poirier, Paul, Thomas D. Giles, George A. Bray, Yuling Hong, Judith S. Stern, F. Xavier Pi Sunyer, and Robert H. Eckel. 2006. Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss. Circulation 113:898 918. Pollitt, Ricardo, Kathryn Rose, and Jay Kaufman. 2005. Evaluating the Evidence for Models o f Lif e Course Socioeconomic Factors a nd Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review . BMC Public Health 5:7. Power, C., O. Manor, and S. Matthews. 1999 Child t o Adult Socioeconomic Conditions and Obesity I n A National Cohort . In ternational J ournal of Obes ity Relat ed Metab olic Disord ers 27:1081 1086. Power, Chris and Sharon Matthews. 1997. Origins of Health Inequa lities in a National Population Sample . The Lancet 350:1584 1589. RAND HRS Data, Version ...
In their early 30s, people born in the early 1980s have average (median) net household wealth of £27,000 per adult - about half the median wealth that those born in the 1970s had at around the same age (£53,000 ...
The report of the Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health (chaired by Sir Donald Acheson) made recommendations on health, environmental and social factors.
Dr. John Bruchhaus at St. Francis Medical Center said pre-existing medical conditions and other socioeconomic factors are contributing to the racial disparities of COVID-19 patients.
Dr. John Bruchhaus at St. Francis Medical Center said pre-existing medical conditions and other socioeconomic factors are contributing to the racial disparities of COVID-19 patients.
Downloadable! While finance has been shown to influence the distribution of income, little research has been devoted to the potential impact of financial sector policies on inequality. This study analyzes the relationship between financial repression and inequality across countries and across Chinas provinces. Using several alternative estimation procedures including fixed effect, dynamic panel and instrumental variable regressions, we find that financial repression is positively associated with inequality across countries. Moreover, we find that this relationship is stronger in less developed economies and that interest rate controls, capital account controls, poor banking supervision and a concentrated banking sector are the most important financial policies influencing inequality. Furthermore, financial repression is associated with a higher fraction of the population living in poverty. Focusing on China, financial repression again acts as a driver for inequality and its effect is stronger in less
BIG ISSUE INVEST and Sport England have joined forces to improve the lives of young people affected by Covid 19 and here at MFC Foundation we are delighted to be a part of that programme.. The social investment arm of The Big Issue, Big Issue Invest (BII), is investing £1.25 million from its Outcomes Investment Fund, set up with investment from Big Society Capital, into a programme that will support over 6,000 young people across 21 local areas in the UK to improve their lives, through sports and activity.. The Chances Programme, co-developed by Substance in partnership with the Life Chances Fund, Sport England and BII, is committed to harnessing the power of sport to enhance the life-chances of disadvantaged young people aged 8-17 years, for the next three years.. The investment will be used to create new opportunities to empower young people to get active and re-engage with education and skills provision; targeting those who are from low socio-economic backgrounds, have an offending record ...
Despite years of efforts and advances, full gender equality has yet to be realized. There is not one country in the world free of gender-based violence or discrimination. And in too many places, the burdens of inequality fall hardest on the youngest.
09 Associated Institutions , Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) , Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (EPH) , Environmental Exposures and Health , Physical Hazards and Health (Röösli ...
OECD Data. LandScan Home. Data. The DHS Program. GPOPDB Home Page. Map & Geospatial Information Round Table (MAGIRT) Demographics. Socioeconomic Data and. U.S.
My research interests fall into three broad categories: 1) the association between attitudes, economic circumstances, and health and family formation and family planning; 2) the social construction of family, gender, and sexuality, and 3) gender inequality as it relates to the intersection of family and work.
By Taryn Galloway and Torbjørn Skardhamar; Abstract: Although several established theories of crime often suggest an association between socio-economic background and
My counselling is underpinned by person centred theory. ​This means drawing on your existing strengths, being attuned to your needs and experiences, and ultimately, trusting your capacity to change, adapt and grow. The therapy process is collaborative and respectful of diversity of culture, sexual orientation, gender orientation and socio-economic background. ​​I incorporate processes and interventions from other therapeutic modalities such as: ...
Strong academic performance is important so we know that youre ready to take your professional exams. However, we understand things dont always go to plan - so if you dont meet our minimum requirements, please let us know if you have any exceptional achievements or extenuating circumstances which affected your results. We also consider your achievements in the context of your socio-economic background, so encourage you to submit your contextual information ...
Understanding Society is an academic study capturing information every year about the social and economic circumstances and attitudes of people living in the UK
A longitudinal study of length, weight and head circumference from birth to 2 years among children of high socio-economic urban community in Delhi 395 ...
Our mission is to create and deliver high quality hearing solutions that allow people to rediscover the power of connection, regardless of their geographic location or economic circumstance ...
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and perceptions of the built environment with the frequency, type, and duration of PA among users of an urban, paved rail trail segment.
It is essential to know how to use a credit card to avoid unpleasant surprises. It is vital to select the best one within our reach, based on our personal and economic characteristics.
This study investigates whether socioeconomic development and the HIV/AIDS pandemic are associated with living arrangement patterns in older persons in 23 sub‐Saharan African countries. Country‐level aggregate data were taken from previous household surveys and information provided by the United Nations, the World Bank, and the World Health Organization. Results showed that 13.5% of older persons (aged 60 years or over) were living with grandchildren but not adult children (i.e., skipped generation households). Countries higher in HIV/AIDS prevalence had more skipped generation households, and also more older persons living with spouse only and fewer older persons living with other relatives. Countries with higher socioeconomic development had fewer older persons living with children younger than 25 years old and more living with spouse only or with other relatives and unrelated persons. The pandemic and socioeconomic development combine to accelerate the breakdown of the extended family ...
Random blood glucose analysis by the use of the Trinders method was carried out to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Nigerians in Port Harcourt. The study population were randomly selected and classified into two socio-economic status as high or low based on affluent diet, occupation, income and access to medical care. The mean blood glucose concentration for the high socio-economic group - staff of the oil industries was 7.42 ±0.25mmol/L and significantly higher (P , 0.001) than that for the low socio-economic class - the non- oil industrial workers, 5.33±0.45mmol/L. The prevalence of diabetes was found to be as high as 23.4% among the high socio-economic group and 16% among the low socio-economic group. Undiagonised diabetes occurred in 18.9% of the population studied and were not aware of their diabetic problem. Diabetic - awareness programmes are to be promoted with acion to identify people with diabetes early enough with the arm of providing appropriate medical treatment ...
TY - CONF. T1 - Medical students from lower socio-economic backgrounds do less well on the Foundation School selection process. AU - MacKenzie, Rhoda Katharine. N1 - Medical directorate prize for distinguished oral presentation. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. M3 - Paper. T2 - 5th National Scottish Medical Education Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2015.. Y2 - 27 April 2015 through 28 April 2015. ER - ...
How is Chronic Disease and Sociodemographic Risk Factors abbreviated? CDSRF stands for Chronic Disease and Sociodemographic Risk Factors. CDSRF is defined as Chronic Disease and Sociodemographic Risk Factors very rarely.
Information on socioeconomic determinants in the management of diabetes mellitus is scarce in lower middle income countries. The aim of this study is to describe the socioeconomic determinants of management and complications of diabetes mellitus in a lower middle income setting. Cross sectional descriptive study on a stratified random sample of 1300 individuals was conducted by an interviewer administered questionnaire, clinical examinations and blood investigations. A single fasting venous blood sugar of ≥126 mg/dl was considered diagnostic of new diabetics and poor control of diabetes mellitus as HbA1C | 6.5 %. There were 202 (14.7 %) with diabetes mellitus. Poor control was seen in 130 (90.7 %) while 71 (49.6 %) were not on regular treatment. Highest proportions of poor control and not on regular medication were observed in estate sector, poorest social status category and poorest geographical area. The annual HbA1C, microalbuminuria, retinal and neuropathy examination were performed in less than 6
While I believe there that there is no simple cause-effect explanation for life expectancy, there are striking correlations (as income levels) that need to be addressed to promote justice for all of us... From the 11 April 2011 article at Medical News Today Differences in factors such as income, education and marital status could contribute…
This study of young people from 30 European and North American countries over 8 recent years identified a decline in physical fighting in most countries. This pattern was observed in both genders and across age groups. Exceptions were found in three countries (Greece, Latvia, Ukraine). Our modeling of socioeconomic correlates of frequent physical fighting suggested that income inequality and individual family affluence were not risk factors, while increased absolute wealth negatively correlated with fighting. Other identified risk factors were younger age, male gender, multiple risk-taking, victimization from bullying, and national homicide rates.. Our analysis of trends in frequent physical fighting is unique. Existing studies focus on adolescent bullying47 or have summarized the experiences of a single country.14,48,49 We observed declines in most countries, in both genders and different age groups, using the frequent fighting measure that is indicative of habitual negative behaviors. ...
(HealthDay) -- Childhood socioeconomic status affects hippocampal volume in older adults, after adjusting for adult socioeconomic status, gender, education, and other factors, according to a study published in the May issue ...
Geographical inequalities in overweight and obesity prevalence among children are well established in cross-sectional research. We aimed to examine how environmental area characteristics at birth are related to these outcomes in childhood. Anonymised antenatal and birth data recorded by University Hospital Southampton linked to school-measured weight and height data for children within Southampton, UK, were utilised (14,084 children at ages 4-5 and 5637 at ages 10-11). Childrens home address at birth was analysed at the Lower and Middle layer Super Output Area (LSOA/MSOA) levels (areas with average populations of 1500 and 7000, respectively). Area-level indices (walkability, relative density of unhealthy food outlets, spaces for social interaction), natural greenspace coverage, supermarket density and measures of air pollution (PM2.5, PM10 and NOx) were constructed using ArcGIS Network Analyst. Overweight/obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) greater than the 85th centile for sex and
TY - JOUR. T1 - Declining stroke rates in southern Brazil: A positive result of socioeconomic development?. AU - Anderson, Craig. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. M3 - Article. VL - 80. SP - 705. JO - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. JF - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. SN - 1468-330X. IS - 7. ER - ...
Abstract: Purpose: This research aims to identify and assess the socio-economic determinants of Central Pomerania household indebtedness (at the household level) using non-parametric statistical tests and multiple correspondence analysis. Design/Methodology/Approach: The source of data was a survey conducted among 1,000 households of Central Pomerania (Poland). First, it was determined whether there exists a statistically significant relationship between having debt and the socio-economic characteristics of the households analyzed (using the chi-square test or the Fisher test). Next, a multiple correspondence analysis was used to identify and assess relationships between the categories of features that characterize the surveyed households indebtedness. Findings: Using non-parametric statistical tests, it was established that there is a statistically significant relationship between debt and the following household characteristics: development phase, size and composition of the household, ...
PubMed journal article [Sociodemographic profiles, addictive and mental comorbidity in cannabis users in an outpatient specific setting were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
The purpose of this study was to determine the socioeconomic correlates of body mass index of primary and secondary school children in Ebonyi state, which is s...
article{9d0cd19b-d500-436d-819e-08e9e6611891, abstract = {Aims: Tobacco-smoking behaviours of young people between the age of 18 and 25 years are less understood than those of middle-aged people. The aim of this study is to contribute to improved knowledge of some of the factors that are associated with smoking and cessation among young people. Methods: We use the most recently available public health survey data from the southern region of Skåne in Sweden to analyze these factors. The survey is a cross-sectional study with a total sample size of 28,198 individuals with 2801 in the age category of interest. We apply statistical measures of association between smoking and gender and also model the relationship between smoking and smoking cessation and the role of a set of sociodemographic determinants by means of logistic regression to estimate odds ratios. Results: The findings include significant differences between the younger age group and the older group with respect to the odds of smoking ...
Results A total of 421 students were recruited. Overall 41% were physically inactive. Females (47%) were more inactive than males (34%). The total mean weekly metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes was 1468.2±1873. Males (1676.2±1629) had a higher mean weekly MET minutes than females (1319±20102), p=0.05. 88% owned a portable internet device such as a smartphone or tablet. Students using health-related apps on their devices had significantly higherPA (p=0.01) and lower body mass index (BMI) (p=0.04), than those who did not. Binary logistic regression revealed physical inactivity to be significantly associated with gender (p=0.01), not using a health-promoting app on their portable device (p=0.01) and the year of study (p=0.03). ...
© 2011 The Economic Society of Australia We estimate differences in mortality and life expectancy by levels of income, education and area-based socio-economic status using the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. The study involved 16,905 respondents aged over twenty years interviewed between 2001 and 2007. Mortality estimates were based on proportional hazard regression models. The relative risk of mortality between the poorest and richest income quintile was 1.88 (1.45, 2.44) times higher and this translated into a life expectancy gap (at age twenty) of six years. Having more than twelve years of education was also associated with a significantly lower risk of death. Area-based measures of socio-economic disadvantage were not significant after controlling for individual-level factors.
Data and research on labour markets, human capital, inequality, income inequality, social capital and knowledge based capital., France: Indicators on inequality outcomes and policies affecting them
Protocol for a systematic review on inequalities in postnatal care services utilization in low- and middle-income countries. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
Social and economic transformations in Poland had as one of the consequences the fact that rural areas faced a number of difficulties and challenges. In connection with the political system transformation and Polands accession to the European Union, problems appeared, concerning mainly the issues of employment and the populations income sources. The issues become yet more significant in the areas of agricultural and farming traditions, i.e. in Lublin Province (Voivod-ship), where the percentages of rural population and of population employed in agriculture are high and exceed 50%. The backwardness of this region calls for profound reforms, in which well-educated inhabitants, aid funds or local leaders may become the stimulating factors. The paper presents the current condition and the directions of development of the key industry of the commune (gmina) of Uscimow. The paper deals with a number of problems which, in particular, include a difficult demographic situation, investments in agriculture and
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TY - JOUR. T1 - Food and family practices. T2 - teenagers, eating and domestic life in differing socio-economic circumstances. AU - Backett-Milburn, Kathryn. AU - Wills, Wendy. AU - Roberts, Mei-Li. AU - Lawton, Julia. N1 - Original article can be found at: http://www.informaworld.com/ Copyright Informa / Taylor and Francis. PY - 2010. Y1 - 2010. N2 - This paper draws on accounts from young teenagers and their parents in two linked qualitative studies of families living in Scotland in differing socio-economic circumstances. We compare and contrast teenager experiences of eating practices and food choice in these families. We show the range of meanings attached to how, where and what these teenagers and their parents described as everyday eating behaviours at home and locate these in the wider constraints, opportunities and aspirations affecting their lives.. AB - This paper draws on accounts from young teenagers and their parents in two linked qualitative studies of families living in Scotland ...
Although health inequalities have most often been documented in wealthy countries, recent studies have made it evident that inequality in health and health care is also a prominent problem in developing countries [28, 34-36]. In particular, analysis of the effect of health care is especially important in those countries, where resource limitations require that the effective use of all health interventions be made.. The results of the present study show the existence of significant socioeconomic inequalities in health services utilization. The rate of outpatient services utilization is higher among individuals who have private health insurance and higher level of education. Furthermore, the analysis shows social gradients in opposite directions: the less educated have the largest proportion of poor self-rated health but are the ones with lower utilization rate. Following the inverse care law [37], use of care varies inversely with the needs of the population served.. In Brazil, the association ...
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, ...
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, ...
There is strong evidence based on previous studies that ethnicity and socioeconomic status are important determinants of diversity in the occurrence of diabetes. However, the independent roles of socioeconomic status, country of birth and lifestyle factors in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes have not been clearly identified. This study investigated the relationships between socioeconomic status, country of birth and type 2 diabetes in a large diverse sample of residents of New South Wales, Australia, and aged 45 years and over. The analysis used self-reported baseline questionnaire data from 266,848 participants in the 45 and Up Study. Educational attainment, work status and income were used as indicators of socioeconomic status. Logistic regression models were built to investigate associations between socioeconomic status, country of birth and type 2 diabetes. The adjusted odds of type 2 diabetes were significantly higher for people born in many overseas countries, compared to Australian-born
Information and communication technology (ICT) innovations provide significant implications for business and socioeconomic development due to the role it plays in the diffusion of knowledge sharing, community development, and equality.. E-Strategies for Technological Diffusion and Adoption: National ICT Approaches for Socioeconomic Development provides comprehensive coverage and definitions of the most important issues, concepts, trends, and technologies related to the adoption, diffusion, and adaptation of national electronic strategies for ICTs in socioeconomic development. This book addresses the importance of such strategies as setting national agendas to complement efforts and resources allocated, as well as includes model strategies, implications, and case studies to work as models for future implementations.. ...
Having poor socioeconomic conditions - such as a lower occupational position - can take away 2.1 years of life on average from a person. This is the conclusion of a study published by LIFEPATH, a project funded by the European Commission, which investigates the biological pathways underlying social differences in healthy ageing.. Low socioeconomic conditions are almost as deadly as smoking, having diabetes, or being physically inactive. Smoking is associated with the loss of 4.8 years of life; diabetes, 3.9; and physical inactivity, 2.4. High alcohol intake can take away one year of life.. This is the first study ever to compare life expectancy among people of different socioeconomic status, and cross-correlate it with six other major known risk factors like smoking and diabetes. These other six factors are already included in World Health Organization global mortality reduction strategy. Socioeconomic status is not.. We were surprised to find that poor social and economic circumstances seem to ...
Downloadable (with restrictions)! This paper extends the analysis of the relative impacts of socioeconomic factors on households decision to subscribe to dialup Internet access [Chaudhuri, A., Flamm, K., & Horrigan, J. (2005). An analysis of the determinants of Internet access, presented at the Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Washington, DC, October 1-3] to the decision to subscribe to broadband. A simple cumulative utility (ordered logit) model is rejected in favor of a partial proportional odds model, and the authors found that the decision to purchase any access at all, and the decision to upgrade to broadband, may be affected differently by various socioeconomic factors. The own-price elasticity of broadband demand is statistically significant and has a substantial coefficient value. The cross-price sensitivity of broadband demand with respect to dialup price is also statistically significant, and supports the notion of the two services being substitutes.
Abstract: We examine how an education policy intervention - the introduction of a comprehensive school in Sweden that increased the number of compulsory years of schooling, affected cognitive and non-cognitive skills and long-term health. We use administrative and survey data including background information, child ability and long-term adult outcomes. We show that education reform increased skills among children, but the effects on long-term health are overall negligible. We demonstrate that effects vary across socio-economic backgrounds and initial skill endowments, with significant improvements in cognition and skills for lower Socio-economic status individuals and lower ability people. Keywords: Mortality; cognitive skills; non-cognitive skills; education reform JEL-codes: I12; I14; I18; I21 42 pages, April 23, 2013 Full text files ...
We know that lifestyle diseases are on the rise. There are several reports published daily, bringing to light various causes, symptoms, preventive measures and other facts to spread more awareness about the consequences of our lifestyle choices, and how major diseases like diabetes, obesity, cancer, etc are killing thousands every year. We also read how in our chase for making money we are neglecting are health, which then contributes to stress and other ailments. All that money you earn cant really buy you life, but it perhaps helps in more ways than we realise. Our socio-economic status plays a huge role on our health and well-being, believe it or not. Contrary to earlier reports, a new study reveals that people living in poverty are at a higher death risk than obese people and alcoholics.. According to the study, people from lower socio-economic status are may be 1.5 times or 46 per cent more at risk of an early death. The findings showed that low socio-economic status - determined in a big ...
Cohort profile: Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study of 4.65 million people exploring ethnic variations in disease in Scotland [2010 ...
This article addresses the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), family processes, and human development. The topic is framed as part of the general issue of health disparities, which involves the oft-observed positive relationship between SES and the cognitive, social, emotional, and phy …
For all the three measures of the health status, the probability of reporting poor health is affected by socio-economic determinants, as it is suggested by the empirical literature. The odds of reporting poor health increase with age, and decrease with education, income, employment status, and widow, separated, divorced or single status. Working individuals, either as employee or self-employed, report better health as compared to non-working individuals. In order to focus on the main variables of interest, the coefficients of individual demographic and SES characteristics are not reported in the tables. All these variables are statistically significant at 1 % level in all models.. Looking at the results for SAH, Model 1 shows that being a non-EU citizen or born outside the EU affects positively the probability of reporting poor health (Table 4). Model 2 adds the country level characteristics: healthy years life expectancy and the proportion of total health care expenditure over the GDP. Both ...
In view of the socio-economic conditions under which women in India were constrained to lead their lives from time immemorial, they were often labeled as abla, which means without power. The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) also called SABLA, is meant for empowering the adolescent girls on various knowledge and skills that would help them in leading a better life. Admittedly, women are making outstanding contribution in several areas, but on a limited level and there is urgent need to strengthen the existing infrastructure and creating new facilities for their development. In the more liberal twenty-first century with more opportunities opening to women, they have forayed into all spheres. It has been established by now that they can excel in equal measure provided they are given opportunity. Yet most of them continue to suffer from gender discrimination, violence and unfair treatment due to stereotyped mindsets. Adolescents (10-19 years) compose about 21% of ...
This study was conducted using data from the KNCSS 2015, an annual cross-sectional study employing a nationally representative random sampling method. The average smoking pack-years of eligible screenees for lung cancer screening in this study (mean, 43.1 pack years; 95% CI, 40.5 to 45.9) was lower than that for individuals who participated in the NLST (NLST: 55.5 pack years in CT arm [2]). Previous studies have reported that current smokers in the United States tend to be from minority racial groups, of lower socioeconomic status, and be less educated [14,15]. In this study, we also found that high-risk individuals had significantly lower education levels, as well as lower household income, lower health status, and more chronic diseases than average-risk individuals. These would pose significant barriers to participating in lung cancer screening. Thus, invitation strategies need to be carefully devised to achieve equitable participation in lung cancer screening.. In the average-risk group, ...
Introduction of Pre Primary Education Dec 28 • General • 31707 Views • 27 Comments on Introduction of Pre Primary Education Pre Primary Education can be defined as a set of knowledge along with skills and experience as well as behavioral rules which provides the essential for coping successfully in everyday life and at school. Gender differences. Pre-Primary Education Over recent years, Tanzania successfully reached the MDG for 100% enrolment in Primary School - a great achievement. The actual mean of kindergarten is the garden of children. Resources The chief aim of the degree is to train teachers of Primary School Education to be able to carry out their profession in different contexts (rural and urban, multi-culticultural and mono-cultural, regional, national and international, etc. Government expenditure. Enrolment numbers and rates. The data is reported according to the situation on the 20th of September of the statistical year. De très nombreux exemples de phrases traduites ...
This case study outlines the attempt of Credit Union Empowerment and Strengthening (CUES), Philippines, to transform cooperatives into responsible financial institutions providing financial services and education to the poor. CUES adopted two initiatives: * Model Credit Union Building (MCUB) - to provide financial sustainability planning through the P.E.A.R.L.S. monitoring system; * Savings and Credit with Education (SCWE) - to promote capacity building of women. The author observes that the project has improved the socio-economic conditions of member households. Institutionalization of training has led to supervisory and regulatory efforts. A long-term impact has been the increase in access to financial intermediation and other services. The future direction is to institutionalize financial and monitoring mechanisms and to spread them to other areas. As per the study, some of the major impacts of MCUB are: * Improvement in financial ratios; * Decrease in the dependence on external credit; * ...
Background: Cancer is the second cause of death in the world, and colon cancer is the third cause of death and is one of the most common cancers which will cure with early diagnosis, treatment and sufficient follow up. Assessing factors which affect this cancer is important for prolonging patient survival. Socioeconomic factors are among effective factors of cancer morbidity and mortality. Because mortality rates for colon cancers vary by socioeconomic characteristics, this study has been performed to recognize the relationship between socioeconomic factors with treatment and follow up of colon cancer.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study for patients with colon cancer registered in Cancer Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from April 2005 to November 2006. Patients were selected randomly, and the study was conducted using questionnaires filled by interviewing the patients via phone (if a patient was dead, the questions were asked from their family members
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cohort profile. T2 - the Gateshead Millennium Study. AU - Parkinson, Kathryn N. AU - Pearce, Mark S. AU - Dale, Anne. AU - Reilly, John J. AU - Drewett, Robert F. AU - Wright, Charlotte M. AU - Relton, Caroline L. AU - McArdle, Paul. AU - Le Couteur, Ann S. AU - Adamson, Ashley J. PY - 2011/4. Y1 - 2011/4. KW - Anemia, Iron-Deficiency. KW - Child. KW - Child, Preschool. KW - England. KW - Failure to Thrive. KW - Feeding Behavior. KW - Follow-Up Studies. KW - Humans. KW - Infant. KW - Infant, Newborn. KW - Obesity. KW - Prospective Studies. KW - Weight Gain. KW - Weight Loss. U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyq015. DO - 10.1093/ije/dyq015. M3 - Article (Academic Journal). C2 - 20332146. VL - 40. SP - 308. EP - 317. JO - International Journal of Epidemiology. JF - International Journal of Epidemiology. SN - 0300-5771. IS - 2. ER - ...
People with lower socioeconomic status are much more likely to develop heart disease than those who are wealthier or better educated, according to a recent UC Davis study. Published online in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, the outcomes also show that this risk persists even with long-term progress in addressing traditional risk factors such as smoking, high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol.
After the machine revolution of 19thcentury, AI is the next big phenomenon in human civilization which will affect the global socio-economic condition.
The U.S. obesity prevalence increased from 13 percent to 32 percent between the 1960s and 2004, according to researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Human Nutrition. The prevalence of obesity and overweight has increased at an average rate of 0.3 - 0.8 percentage points across different sociodemographic groups over the past three decades. Some minority and low socioeconomic status groups - such as non-Hispanic black women and children, Mexican-American women and children, low socioeconomic status black men and white women and children, Native Americans and Pacific Islanders - are disproportionately affected. The meta-analysis was published online on May 17, 2007, in advance of the 2007 issue of the journal Epidemiologic Reviews ...
The sociodemographic profiles of different segments of the Brazilian population have been the object of multiple inter-census comparisons. This study compared the age distribution, number of household residents, formal schooling, and income of indigenous persons according to the population censuses of 2000 and 2010. There was an important decrease in the number of residents per occupied household, and slight aging of the indigenous population, except in the urban North. Meanwhile, there was a proportional increase in individuals with per capita household income up to one minimum wage, along with a reduction in the income bracket of more than two minimum wages in the countrys five major geographic regions, in both urban and rural areas ...
There are conflicting reports on the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) with socioeconomic status. This study explores this relationship individually and jointly. This is a cross sectional comparative study. Adults that participated in medical outreach organized for high and low socioeconomic status (SES) were tested for hypertension and DM. Mean age in years for high and low SES was 58.69 (± 10.26) and 57.77 (± 15.54), respectively. Widows were significantly more than widowers (P < 0.001). Frequency of hypertension in middle age (45 to 64 years in high and low SES) was 58.0 and 71.9%, respectively (P = 0.009). Frequency of DM was 19.2 and 7.3% in high and low SES respectively (P < 0.001). Combined frequency of hypertension and DM was 14.0 and 6.0% in high and low SES respectively (P = 0.002) and 13.8 and 5.9% in the middle age group in high and low SES respectively (P = 0.034). Severity of hypertension was more in low than high SES (P = 0.001). The
An analysis of nearly 25 years of data for about 10,000 civil servants in London finds an association between socioeconomic position and risk of death, with much of this relation accounted for by health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity, according to a study in the March 24/31 issue of JAMA.. The higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors in lower socioeconomic positions is seen to be one of the mechanisms linking lower socioeconomic position to worse health. However, major changes have occurred in population lifestyles. These include the decreasing prevalence of smoking and a remarkable increase in obesity since the 1990s. Given that changes in health behaviors may be socially patterned, previous studies with a single assessment of behaviors may have provided an inaccurate estimation of their contribution to the association between socioeconomic factors and mortality, the authors write. Silvia Stringhini, M.Sc., of the Centre for Research in Epidemiology ...