Recommendations for Using Smallpox Vaccine in a Pre-Event Vaccination Program: Supplemental Recommendations of the Advisory...
This report supplements the 2001 statement by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (CDC. Vaccinia [smallpox] vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP], 2001. MMWR 2001;50[No. RR-10]:1--25). This supplemental report provides recommendations for using smallpox vaccine in the pre-event vaccination program in the United States. To facilitate preparedness and response, smallpox vaccination is recommended for persons designated by public health authorities to conduct investigation and follow-up of initial smallpox cases that might necessitate direct patient contact. ACIP recommends that each state and territory establish and maintain ,1 smallpox response team. ACIP and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) recommend that each acute-care hospital identify health-care workers who can be vaccinated and trained to provide direct medical care for the first smallpox patients requiring hospital admission and to ...
Notice to Readers: National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry
Smallpox vaccine is known to cause fetal vaccinia, a very rare but serious complication of exposure to smallpox vaccine during pregnancy. Fewer than 50 cases have been reported (1--3), three of which occurred in the United States in 1924, 1959, and 1968. Affected pregnancies have been reported in women vaccinated in all three trimesters, in primary vaccinees, and in those being revaccinated, and in nonvaccinated contacts of vaccinees. Because a risk for infection to the fetus is possible in the pre-event setting, smallpox vaccination is not recommended for pregnant women or anyone with close physical contact to a pregnant woman (e.g., a household member or sex partner). CDC has established the National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry, a surveillance system to monitor the outcomes in women who inadvertently received smallpox vaccine during pregnancy, became pregnant within 28 days after vaccination, were a close contact with a vaccinee within 28 days. Exposed pregnant women should contact ...
ACAM2000â ¢: The new smallpox vaccine for United States Strategic | DDDT
ACAM2000™: The new smallpox vaccine for United States Strategic National Stockpile Aysegul Nalca, Elizabeth E ZumbrunCenter for Aerobiological Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, MD, USAAbstract: Smallpox was eradicated more than 30 years ago, but heightened concerns over bioterrorism have brought smallpox and smallpox vaccination back to the forefront. The previously licensed smallpox vaccine in the United States, Dryvax® (Wyeth Laboratories, Inc.), was highly effective, but the supply was insufficient to vaccinate the entire current US population. Additionally, Dryvax® had a questionable safety profile since it consisted of a pool of vaccinia virus strains with varying degrees of virulence, and was grown on the skin of calves, an outdated technique that poses an unnecessary risk of contamination. The US government has therefore recently supported development of an improved live vaccinia virus smallpox vaccine. This initiative
Smallpox Vaccine Transmission Raises Liability Issue
Source: New York Times, December 16, 2002. THE BIOTERROR THREAT. Smallpox Vaccine Transmission Raises Liability Issue. By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN. If a smallpox vaccine recipient inadvertently transmitted the virus in the vaccine to other people and they fell ill, who would pay for the sick peoples medical care?. The question arose over the weekend after President Bush announced a plan to vaccinate about 10 million health care and emergency workers with smallpox vaccine, which contains a live virus that is closely related to the one that causes smallpox. Smallpox vaccination differs from other immunizations because recipients can accidentally transmit vaccinia, the virus in the vaccine, to others, in effect involuntarily vaccinating them and putting some at risk of life-threatening complications.. General recommendations are that people who have recently been vaccinated stay out of close contact with others or cover the vaccine site with a bandage, because the virus can be shed from the site for ...
Vaccinia immune globulin - Wikipedia
Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) is made from the pooled blood of individuals who have been inoculated with the smallpox vaccine. The antibodies these individuals developed in response to the smallpox vaccine are removed and purified. This results in VIG. It can be administered intravenously. It is used to treat individuals who have developed progressive vaccinia after smallpox vaccination. It was also used along with cidofovirinfor the 2003 Midwest monkeypox outbreak as concomitant therapy to reduce the serious side effects of smallpox vaccine. For a small percentage of the population, the smallpox vaccine either doesnt take or it produces adverse events. These include postvaccinial central nervous system disease, progressive vaccinia, eczema vaccinatum, accidental implantations, generalized vaccinia, and the common erythematous and/or urticarial rashes. In the late 1940s, Dr. Henry Kempe suggested that the solution to the complications of the smallpox vaccine was to provide antibodies in ...
Welcome to CDC stacks | CDC policy on unused smallpox vaccine, October 17, 2005 - 26575 | Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library...
CDC has developed this policy on unused smallpox vaccine in response to questions raised by several smallpox vaccination programs and to provide a recommendation on maintaining a readiness to respond to an attack involving the use of smallpox. The sections below describe why CDC recommends that all smallpox vaccination programs should continue to maintain unopened vials of Dryvax ® vaccine to assure a readiness to respond to a smallpox outbreak or to continue vaccination activities ...
Welcome to CDC stacks | CDC policy on unused smallpox vaccine - 26091 | Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library collection
CDC has developed this policy on unused smallpox vaccine in response to questions raised by several smallpox vaccination programs and to provide a recommendation on maintaining a readiness to respond to an attack involving the use of smallpox. The sections below describe why CDC recommends that all smallpox vaccination programs should continue to maintain unopened vials of Dryvax Æ vaccine to assure a readiness to respond to a smallpox outbreak or to continue vaccination activities ...
HHS Buys Next Generation Smallpox Vaccine | EmaxHealth
The vaccine would be recommended in the event of a smallpox outbreak to protect people in the United States who have weakened immune systems. The full supply of the vaccine will be added to the Strategic National Stockpile, a reserve of large quantities of medicine and medical supplies to protect the American public if there is a public health emergency.. To protect ourselves from the remote but extremely grave threat of a deliberate release of smallpox virus, we need vaccines that can be safely given to all Americans, including individuals with weakened immune systems, Secretary Leavitt said. Acquiring a stockpile of this new smallpox vaccine is a key step toward protecting even more members of the American public against a smallpox release.. As part of HHS comprehensive strategy to address the public health threat of a smallpox outbreak, the Strategic National Stockpile currently contains sufficient smallpox vaccine for every American. ...
Smallpox vaccine tests, 1967 - Stock Image C011/3614 - Science Photo Library
Smallpox vaccine tests. US virologist Nathaniel Rothstein (left, c.1920-2011) observing a laboratory technician at work in Lagos, Nigeria. She is testing smallpox vaccine vials that contain freshly processed freeze-dried vaccine. The vaccines will be used to immunize the Nigerian population against smallpox. This photograph was taken in 1967 during the Smallpox Eradication Program taking place in West Africa. Smallpox was eradicated after a successful worldwide vaccination program. The last naturally occurring case was in Somalia in 1977. Rothstein worked on this program in West Africa from 1966 to 1971. - Stock Image C011/3614
U.S. GAO - Smallpox Vaccination: Review of the Implementation of the Military Program
On December 13, 2002, in response to growing concern that a terrorist or hostile regime might have access to the smallpox virus and attempt to use it against the American people, the President announced the formation of the National Smallpox Vaccination Program. The program has two components--one responsible for vaccinating civilians and another responsible for vaccinating military personnel. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is responsible for implementing the civilian component of the National Smallpox Vaccination Program. The Department of Defense (DOD) is responsible for implementing the military component of the program. Because the National Smallpox Vaccination Program is the nations first large-scale bioterrorism defense program, Congress asked us to assess the implementation of the program in order to aid the development of future programs.
Smallpox
Youve probably heard about smallpox in the news over the past few years. You might be wondering what it is and whether you should worry about it. There can be a lot of hype about this disease, so it helps to learn the facts.. Smallpox is an infection caused by the variola virus. For centuries, epidemics of smallpox affected people all over the globe, and the disease was often serious. But in 1796, an English doctor named Edward Jenner discovered a way to protect people from getting smallpox, and his experiments eventually led to the development of the first smallpox vaccine.. The smallpox vaccine worked so well that there hasnt been a case of smallpox in the United States since 1949. The United States stopped vaccinating the general population against smallpox in 1972 because the disease was no longer a threat. The worlds last known case of smallpox was reported in Africa in 1977. In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that smallpox was wiped out - the first (and only) time in ...
Smallpox Vaccine | AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS | Pediatrics
Currently, smallpox vaccine is stocked in a lyophilized (freeze-dried) state by the CDC.14 Approximately 15 million doses are available in the United States for immunizing military personnel and for controlling a possible outbreak, but this amount is not sufficient for the entire US population. Studies conducted in 2001 suggest that the vaccine may be diluted at least 1:5 to 1:10 and still provide a satisfactory response.7,8 Additionally, a previously unaccounted-for stock of approximately 85 million doses of concentrated smallpox vaccine put aside by Aventis Pasteur (Swiftwater, PA) is still biologically active.15 In addition, the US government has contracted for delivery of approximately 200 million doses of tissue culture-derived vaccinia vaccine, which is currently in production but has not gone through the evaluation steps for approval by the US Food and Drug Administration.. In the event of a known bioterrorist release of smallpox virus, vaccine would be administered to exposed ...
Smallpox Vaccine: Contraindications, Administration, and Adverse Reactions - American Family Physician
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax exposures in the following weeks, concern that smallpox could be used as a biologic weapon has increased. Public health departments and the U.S. military have begun the process of vaccinating soldiers and civilian first-responders. Smallpox vaccination carries some serious risks: approximately one in 1 million primary vaccinees and one in 4 million revaccinees will die from adverse vaccine reactions. The most serious side effects of smallpox vaccine include progressive vaccinia, postvaccinial central nervous system disease, and eczema vaccinatum. Some of these reactions can be treated with vaccinia immune globulin or cidofovir. Proper patient screening and site care are essential. Family physicians must learn to screen potential vaccinees for contraindications (e.g., immunodeficiency, immunosuppression, certain skin and eye diseases, pregnancy, lactation, allergy to the vaccine or its components, moderate or severe intercurrent illness)
Smallpox Vaccine Market to Reflect Impressive Growth Rate by 2025 | Guest Post Media
Smallpox vaccine develops immunity and protect people from smallpox. This smallpox vaccine is made from the virus called Vaccinia. Vaccinia is the widely used virus which belong to the Orthopxvirus along with the variola virus. This virus is the live virus and not the killed or weakened virus so the people who are
REMIXX WORLD!: Bavarian Nordic Delivers 1 Million Doses of IMVAMUNE® Smallpox Vaccine Developed Under U.S. Biopreparedness...
IMVAMUNE® is a non-replicating strain of vaccinia virus that, unlike conventional smallpox vaccines, does not have the ability to replicate in human cells, thereby eliminating risk of accidental infection. Currently stockpiled smallpox vaccines are based on a replicating form of the vaccinia virus, and are therefore considered inappropriate for up to 25 percent of the population that may be immunocompromised or have other medical conditions that contraindicate a replicating viral vaccine. While studies indicate that IMVAMUNE® is likely to be well tolerated in a broad population, it is currently being stockpiled for emergency use specifically in people with compromised immune systems, e.g. HIV/AIDS patients ...
Smallpox Vaccine | Coliseum Health System
Learn more about Smallpox Vaccine at Coliseum Health System What Is Smallpox?What Is the Smallpox Vaccine?Who Should Get Vaccinated and When?What Are the Risks Associated...
Smallpox Vaccine | Medical City Plano
Learn more about Smallpox Vaccine at Medical City Plano What Is Smallpox?What Is the Smallpox Vaccine?Who Should Get Vaccinated and When?What Are the Risks Associated...
Smallpox Vaccine | Reston Hospital Center
Learn more about Smallpox Vaccine at Reston Hospital Center What Is Smallpox?What Is the Smallpox Vaccine?Who Should Get Vaccinated and When?What Are the Risks Associated...
Researchers seek what links smallpox vaccine, heart ills
Source: Baltimore Sun, March 29, 2003. Researchers seek what links smallpox vaccine, heart ills. Inoculations preceded complaints, deaths; CDC panel offers safeguards By Erika Niedowski, Sun Staff. The search for causal relationships in medicine is nothing new. Researchers routinely toil in labs, hold clinical trials and pore over statistics, trying to learn whether one thing causes another.. Sometimes, the links they anticipate dont turn up. Other times, two events that appear unrelated wind up being connected after all.. Searching is what federal health officials were doing yesterday as they continued to probe whether smallpox vaccine contributed to heart problems reported by seven health care workers and 10 military personnel inoculated under a Bush administration initiative to prepare for a possible attack using biological weapons.. Three individuals, including a Maryland nurse, suffered fatal heart attacks, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended that people with ...
Smallpox vaccine kills liver cancer - SFGate
A global team of scientists led by Bay Area doctors is studying an unusual new technique - involving, in part, injecting a genetically engineered smallpox vaccine directly into tumors - that they hope will prolong the lives of patients with untreatable liver cancer. If the therapy proves effective, it would be one of only two treatments available for people with liver cancer that has failed to be stopped by traditional chemotherapy and radiation, and for whom removal of the tumor isnt an option. [...] many doctors say the smallpox vaccine looks especially promising, partly because its so effective at targeting and killing cancer cells and partly because decades of immunizations have shown the vaccine to be safe. Liver cancer is notoriously difficult to treat, partly because its so difficult to surgically remove the tumor, doctors say. Since liver cancer starts from cirrhosis, the organ is often heavily scarred and fragile by the time its diagnosed, and it can be impossible to dig out cancer
Who Should Not Get the Smallpox Vaccine?
Who should not get the smallpox vaccine? As this eMedTV article explains, the vaccine should be avoided by pregnant women, people with skin problems, and people with heart problems. This page also lists some of the risks of the smallpox vaccine.
Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Smallpox Vaccine Down Select Process : report summary. (eBook, 2004) ...
Get this from a library! Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Smallpox Vaccine Down Select Process : report summary.. [United States. Defense Science Board. Task Force on Smallpox Vaccine Down Select Process.; United States. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics.]
Effect of Dose, Safety, Tolerability of a New Smallpox Vaccine in Adults Without Previous Smallpox Vaccination - Full Text View...
Compare the safety and tolerability of four dose levels of ACAM2000 and a standard dose of Dryvax® in healthy adults 18-29 years of age and naïve to smallpox vaccine. Safety and tolerability will be determined by examination of the local cutaneous reaction, adverse events, physical examinations, vital signs, structured interviews, and laboratory analysis ...
CDC Releases Guidelines for Treating Adverse Reactions to Smallpox Vaccination - Practice Guidelines - American Family Physician
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued guidelines for diagnosing and treating adverse reactions to smallpox vaccination in the preoutbreak setting. Smallpox vaccine is made from live vaccinia virus but does not contain variola virus, which causes smallpox.
Viral eradication and the evolution of smallpox
The control and eventual eradication of the smallpox virus from the wild is one of the most heralded success stories in all of public health. Indeed, smallpox has played a central role in the history of vaccination. Even prior to Edward Jenners use of the related cowpox virus to protect against smallpox disease, it was known that inoculation with materials from an infectious smallpox pustule or scab (dubbed variolation) could protect an individual from death due to smallpox, generally resulting instead in a mild form of the illness. Jenners observation that milkmaids seemed to be protected from the disease-and his use of material from cowpox pustules instead of smallpox-resulted in the development of the science of vaccination. World-wide use of the smallpox vaccine, along with a mass vaccination campaign led by the World Health Orgainzation, resulted in the end of naturally-occurring smallpox on the planet, with the exception of stores of the virus held in the United States and ...
Smallpox Outbreak: How Long Would It Take for Vaccines to Protect People? | Infection Control Today
In the event of a smallpox outbreak in the United States, how long would it take for a vaccine to start protecting Americans by stimulating an immune response? A new national study led by Saint Louis University School of Medicine will attempt to answer this question.. General routine vaccinations for smallpox were stopped in the United States in 1971, and the world was declared free of smallpox in 1980. But because of the recent concern about biowarfare and bioterrorism throughout the world, the U.S. government is making efforts to improve its ability to protect its citizens in the event of a bioterrorist attack involving the smallpox virus (Variola major virus).. This study at Saint LouisUniversity will look at the ability of an investigational vaccine made by Bavarian Nordic to stimulate the immune system against smallpox.. Vaccines prevent disease by giving the body a jump-start at recognizing the infecting virus or bacteria, said Sharon Frey, MD, the principal investigator for the study at ...
Flow Cytometry and T-Cell Response Monitoring after Smallpox Vaccination<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Flow Cytometry and T-Cell Response Monitoring after Smallpox Vaccination. AU - Poccia, Fabrizio. AU - Gioia, Cristiana. AU - Montesano, Carla. AU - Martini, Federico. AU - Horejsh, Douglas. AU - Castilletti, Concetta. AU - Pucillo, Leopoldo Paolo. AU - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria. AU - Ippolito, Giuseppe. PY - 2003/11. Y1 - 2003/11. N2 - Orthopoxvirus zoonosis or smallpox as result of bioterrorism or biological warfare represents a risk for epidemic spread. By monitoring T-cell responses by flow cytometry, we observed a recall response after recent vaccination against smallpox. When the high similarity between the orthopoxviruses is considered, this rapid assay that uses vaccinia antigens could identify recently exposures.. AB - Orthopoxvirus zoonosis or smallpox as result of bioterrorism or biological warfare represents a risk for epidemic spread. By monitoring T-cell responses by flow cytometry, we observed a recall response after recent vaccination against smallpox. When the ...
Appendix F: Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions Smallpox Vaccination Program Implementation Letter...
Read chapter Appendix F: Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions Smallpox Vaccination Program Implementation Letter Report #5: Decemb...
PPT - Recognition of Adverse Reactions following Smallpox Vaccination PowerPoint presentation | free to download - id: 119269...
Distinguish between common and serious adverse events ... Pustule. Maximum erythema. Scab. Scab separation. Time after Vacc. 3-5 days. 5-8 days. 8-10 days ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 119269-ODM3M
Genomic sequence and analysis of a vaccinia virus isolate from a patient with a smallpox vaccine-related complication |...
Vaccinia virus (VACV)-DUKE was isolated from a lesion on a 54 year old female who presented to a doctor at the Duke University Medical Center. She was diagnosed with progressive vaccinia and treated with vaccinia immune globulin. The availability of the VACV-DUKE genome sequence permits a first time genomic comparison of a VACV isolate associated with a smallpox vaccine complication with the sequence of culture-derived clonal isolates of the Dryvax vaccine. This study showed that VACV-DUKE is most similar to VACV-ACAM2000 and CLONE3, two VACV clones isolated from the Dryvax® vaccine stock confirming VACV-DUKE as an isolate from Dryvax®. However, VACV-DUKE is unique because it is, to date, the only Dryvax® clone isolated from a patient experiencing a vaccine-associated complication. The 199,960 bp VACV-DUKE genome encodes 225 open reading frames, including 178 intact genes and 47 gene fragments. Between VACV-DUKE and the other Dryvax® isolates, the major genomic differences are in fragmentation of
The current and future landscape of smallpox vaccines
1. Alibek K, Handelman S, Biohazard 1999 Random House New York NY. 2. Henderson DA, Inglesby TV, Bartlett JG, Ascher MS, Eitzen E, Jahrling PB et al. Smallpox as a Biological Weapon: Medical and Public Health Management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA 1999; 281; 2127-2137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.22.2127. 3. Lane JM, Summer L. Smallpox as a Weapon for Bioterrorism. Fong IW, Alibek K Eds in Bioterrorism and Infectious Agents. A New Dilemma for the 21ist Century. Springer 2005 New York NY 147-0167.. 4. Kennedy RB, Lane JM, Henderson DA, Poland GA Smallpox and Vaccinia. Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, Edwards KM Eds in VACCINES 7th edition Elsevier 2018, 1001-1030. 5. Fulginiti VA, Papier A, Lane JM, Neff JM, Henderson DA. Smallpox Vaccination (Vaccinia): A review. I: Background, Vaccination Technique, and Expected Normal Reactions. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 37(2): 240-250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/375824. 6. Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I., Jezek Z, Ladnyi ID. ...
Smallpox - | neo-people.ru
Smallpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the smallpox virus (variola major or variola minor). Smallpox is often life threatening and causes death in around 30% affected individuals. It is transmitted from person to person by direct contact or by inhaling airborne infected particles called droplet nuclei. Contaminated bed linens or clothing can also spread infection.. Naturally occurring smallpox was eliminated worldwide in late 70s though a worldwide immunization campaign. However, the stockpiles of smallpox virus saved for research purposes may be used as a bioterrorism agent. There is no treatment for smallpox. A vaccine can prevent smallpox but is not usually recommended as it may lead to serious complications in some individuals.. ...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to use Linux Networx cluster for analysis of smallpox vaccines
Since the current smallpox vaccine can sicken recipients, and one to two out of every million recipients will die, CDC has been working to ensure public health concerning the vaccine. The Linux Networx computing system increases the agencys capacity to study various aspects of smallpox genomics, and it has already been helpful in ascertaining the usefulness of new vaccines. Linux clustering is a method of linking multiple computers together to form a unified and more powerful system. Linux Networx recently shipped an 11,2 teraFLOPS cluster, which currently ranks as the worlds fastest Linux supercomputer, and the fifth overall fastest supercomputer in the world, according to the TOP500 supercomputing list.. CDC is running multiple alignment programmes on the Linux Networx cluster including ClustalW, Dialign and MGA, to study how the disease functions. The cluster has improved computing performance for the agency, running 45 pairwise genomics alignments in one day compared to two weeks with a ...
Worldandnation: Bush launches smallpox vaccination program
WASHINGTON -- Smallpox vaccinations are beginning anew, three decades after the program was halted, as President Bush said the threat of a bioterror attack with the virus is real though not imminent. Bush said Friday he will take the vaccine along with U.S. military forces, and he said the vaccine will be offered to the general public within months. He said, however, he is not recommending it for most Americans, and his family and staff will not be inoculated. Vaccinations for a few dozen military personnel began Friday, and by late January states are expected to begin inoculating medical teams and others who would respond to a smallpox attack. The government will make the vaccine available to the general public on a voluntary basis beginning in late spring or early summer of 2003, more quickly than health advisers preferred. With war in Iraq a growing possibility, Bush said the vaccine will be mandatory for about a half-million U.S. troops in high-risk parts of the world. He noted that the ...
Malaria eradication: The smallpox precedent
The smallpox vaccine is also exceptional in its frequency and severity of adverse effects. I think that for no disease today would the risks of smallpox vaccine be tolerated - back to the fourth point above, that smallpox was such a terrible disease that people were willing to take the risks of vaccination. 4. There were also a vast number of technical and logistic components that, I think, are mostly applicable to any eradication program (for example, the cost per dose of a vaccine is much less if the vaccine can be prepared in large, multi-dose vials; but that means you need to use the vial up all at once, which means in turn organizing large numbers of vaccination on a single day; and that in turn implies an efficient communication network and so on), and which I wont talk about here. Theres a fascinating review in Henderson, D. A. (1987). Principles and lessons from the smallpox eradication programme. Bull World Health Organ, 65(4), 535-546. if you want to learn more.. A much greater ...
Smallpox - Do I need a vaccination?
Gail Carlson, MPH, PhD, Health Education Specialist, University of Missouri Columbia. The simple answer is no. The United States Department of Health and Human Services is not recommending that the general public be vaccinated for smallpox at this time. There is no reason to believe that smallpox presents an immediate threat.. Smallpox is a serious, contagious, and sometimes fatal infectious disease. However, it was basically eliminated from the world in the late 1970s. The last know case of smallpox in this country occurred in 1949. Routine vaccinations ended in 1972 because it was no longer necessary for prevention.. Why all the concern about smallpox? Some laboratory stockpiles of the virus do exist, some outside of this country. Events occurring in the fall of 2001 led to increased concern that the variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox, could be used as a biological agent by terrorists.. As a precautionary measure, the U.S. government is taking steps to deal with a possible smallpox ...
Response surface methodology to determine optimal cytokine responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after smallpox...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Response surface methodology to determine optimal cytokine responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after smallpox vaccination. AU - Ryan, Jenna E.. AU - Dhiman, Neelam. AU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G.. AU - Vierkant, Robert A.. AU - Pankratz, V. Shane. AU - Poland, Gregory A.. PY - 2009/2/28. Y1 - 2009/2/28. N2 - Feasibility, amount of sample aliquots, processing time and cost are critical considerations for optimizing and conducting assays for large-population based studies. Well designed statistical approaches that quickly identify optimal conditions for a given assay could assist efficient completion of the laboratory assays for such studies. For example, assessment of the profile of secreted cytokines is important in understanding the immune response after vaccination. To characterize the cytokine immune response following smallpox vaccination, PBMC obtained from recently vaccinated subjects were stimulated with varying doses of live or UV-inactivated vaccinia virus ...
Smallpox
The last naturally occurring case of smallpox occurred in Somalia in 1977. The World Health Organization (WHO) certified that smallpox was eradicated from the world in 1980. Currently, the only known remaining samples of smallpox virus are held at the WHO reference laboratories at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, GA and the Institute for Viral Preparations in Russia. Although the WHO recommended any remaining virus be destroyed or transferred to its reference laboratories, the possibility that some countries kept stockpiles of the virus cannot be ruled out. Thus, there is concern that smallpox could be a potential agent in a bioterrorism event.. Routine vaccination against smallpox was discontinued in the United States in 1972. Vaccination of the military population ceased in 1989. Currently, routine smallpox vaccination is not recommended for any group. Immunity is thought to wane over time and at this point the entire United States population is believed to be ...
smallpox - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for smallpox
Smallpox vaccine - DynPort Vaccine Company - AdisInsight
DynPort Vaccine Company (Computer Sciences Corporation) was developing a cell culture-derived smallpox vaccine (CCSV) manufactured through large-scale cell
Genome-wide association study of antibody response to smallpox vaccine
We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of antibody levels in a multi-ethnic group of 1071 healthy smallpox vaccine recipients. In Caucasians, the most prominent association was found with promoter SNP rs10489759 in the LOC647132 pseudogene on chromosome 1 (p=7.77×10(-8)). In African-Ame …
1950s smallpox vaccine passes dilution test | CIDRAP
(CIDRAP News) A test of smallpox vaccine made by Aventis Pasteur in the 1950s show it is still effective even when diluted, suggesting that the United States has more than enough vaccine for everyone, according to a report this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Consent and compensation: A social compact for smallpox vaccine policy by Alan I. Faden, Holly A. Taylor et al.
Faden, R.R., Taylor, H.A., Seiler, N.K. (2003). Consent and compensation: A social compact for smallpox vaccine policy in the event of an attack. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 36(12), 1547-1551.. ...
Bavarian Nordic Secures BARDA Contract for Smallpox Vaccine | BioPharm International
The Danish biotechnology company has been awarded a sole-source BARDA contract valued at more than $539 million for a freeze-dried smallpox vaccine.
Smallpox vaccine extends life in cancer trial | Lifescript.com
Smallpox vaccine extends life in cancer trialLast Updated: 2011-11-07 9:53:12 -0400 (Reuters Health)By Deena Beasley(Reuters) - A genetically engineered...
Federal Register :: Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program: Smallpox (Vaccinia) Vaccine Injury Table
The Smallpox Emergency Personnel Protection Act of 2003 (SEPPA), Public Law 108-20, 117 Stat. 638, authorized the Secretary of Health and Human Services (the Secretary), through the establishment of the Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (the Program), to provide benefits and/or...
White House FAQ on Smallpox Vaccinations
Smallpox Response Teams Why vaccinate health care workers and first responders?. We re asking these groups to volunteer to serve on smallpox response teams to help our country respond in the event of an attack. By vaccinating groups of health care workers and emergency responders, we will make sure that smallpox response teams are available who can vaccinate others and provide critical services in the days following an attack. This approach will make us better able to protect the American people in an emergency, which is our highest priority. What will the smallpox response teams do?. Members of the Smallpox Response Teams will include people who will administer the smallpox vaccine in the event of an emergency and will be the first to investigate and evaluate initial suspected case(s) of smallpox and initiate measures to control the outbreak. HHS and CDC will continue to advise and assist states in development of these teams. How will the government decide who should serve on a smallpox ...
Development and Experience with an Algorithm to Evaluate Suspected Smallpox Cases in the United States, 2002-2004 : Clinical...
Concerns that smallpox, an eradicated disease, might reappear because of a bioterror attack and limited experience with smallpox diagnosis in the United States prompted us to design a clinical algorithm. We used clinical features of classic smallpox to classify persons presenting with suspected smallpox rashes into 3 categories: those with high, those with moderate, and those with low risk of having smallpox. The classification guides subsequent diagnostic strategies, limiting smallpox laboratory testing to high-risk persons to minimize the number of false-positive test results. From January 2002 through June 2004, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received 43 consultations regarding suspected smallpox cases. No patient was at high risk for having smallpox. One patient was tested for the presence of variola virus. Varicella was the diagnosis for 23 cases (53%). The algorithm worked well to guide clinical and public health responses to suspected smallpox cases. The poster is ...
Scientists Moving a Lab Find Forgotten Smallpox | Patient Safety Blog
This issue can be analyzed by building a Cause Map, a visual root cause analysis method. To build a Cause Map, the problem is first defined by identifying impacts to the overall goals and then why questions are asked to lay out all the causes that contributed to an issue to show the cause-and-effect relationships. For this example, the safety goal was impacted because there was potential for a smallpox outbreak. This would be the first box on the Cause Map and more boxes would be added by asking why.. So why was there potential for a smallpox outbreak? This occurred because there was a potential for people to be exposed to the smallpox virus and the population has little to no immunity to smallpox. There was potential for exposure to smallpox because lost vials of smallpox were in a fridge in an unsecured lab. The vials, which were created in 1954, appear to have been in the fridge a long time and somewhere along the way, their presence was forgotten. Smallpox can survive in ...
New York City Board of Education in Brooklyn, NY 11217 - ChamberofCommerce.com
Find New York City Board of Education located at 362 Schermerhorn St, Brooklyn, New York, 11217. Contact 7182226200. Ratings, reviews, hours, phone number and directions from ChamberofCommerce.com
Smallpox Vaccine | Adventist Health Ministries
Q: I am concerned about the smallpox vaccination. How safe would it be? Is there any way to treat smallpox that would avoid vaccination if there were to be a terrorist attack using this germ?
From the Dissection Room: Smallpox - Dr Lindsey Fitzharris
The lesions from these two specimens are from an early stage of smallpox in 1776. The disease is likely to have been contracted in utero. From the Hunterian Collection, Royal College of Surgeons, London.. DEFINITION: Smallpox is an acute contagious disease caused by variola virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus family. Smallpox, which is believed to have originated over 3,000 years ago in India or Egypt, is one of the most devastating diseases known to humanity.. For centuries, repeated epidemics swept across continents, decimating populations and changing the course of history. In some ancient cultures, smallpox was such a major killer of infants that custom forbade the naming of a newborn until the infant had caught the disease and proved it would survive…. Smallpox had two main forms: variola major and variola minor. The two forms showed similar lesions. The disease followed a milder course in variola minor, which had a case-fatality rate of less than 1 per cent. The fatality rate of variola ...
Smallpox - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Smallpox was a very dangerous disease with a high mortality rate. It is caused by a virus. There are two different species of viruses that can cause the disease. They are Variola major and Variola minor. Some people also call smallpox Variola, from the Latin work for spotted which is also the viruses scientific name. Only humans can get this disease. Variola major kills between 20% and 40% of those who get it. Variola minor kills only about 1%. Many people who survive become blind because of the damage the virus does to the eyes.[1] During the first half of the 20th century, between 300 million and 500 million people died of this disease. Even in 1967, about 15 million people caught the disease, and about two million people died of it, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The first vaccine for smallpox used the results of cowpox infections. It was invented by Edward Jenner. It was used to stop people from getting smallpox. The word vaccine came from vaccina, the Latin word ...
Most recent papers with the keyword myopericarditis | Read by QxMD
Reports of myocarditis and pericarditis following smallpox vaccination in adults suggested a need to assess inflammatory cardiac disease risk among adults who receive live viral vaccinations. From 1996 through 2007, among 416,629 vaccinated adults in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, we identified one probable pericarditis case and no cases of myocarditis in the 42 days following a live viral vaccination. Our self-controlled risk interval analysis found that, based on one case identified during the risk interval and 10 cases during the control interval, there is no increased risk of myopericarditis in the 42 days following vaccination (IRR, 0 ...
Parasites
The smallpox vaccine is also exceptional in its frequency and severity of adverse effects. I think that for no disease today would the risks of smallpox vaccine be tolerated - back to the fourth point above, that smallpox was such a terrible disease that people were willing to take the risks of vaccination. 4. There were also a vast number of technical and logistic components that, I think, are mostly applicable to any eradication program (for example, the cost per dose of a vaccine is much less if the vaccine can be prepared in large, multi-dose vials; but that means you need to use the vial up all at once, which means in turn organizing large numbers of vaccination on a single day; and that in turn implies an efficient communication network and so on), and which I wont talk about here. Theres a fascinating review in Henderson, D. A. (1987). Principles and lessons from the smallpox eradication programme. Bull World Health Organ, 65(4), 535-546. if you want to learn more.. A much greater ...
Giant Microbes: Smallpox
FACTS: Smallpox is a deadly disease caused by the variola virus. From ancient Egypt and Greece, to China and the Americas, it has killed countless millions for centuries. Smallpox arrived in the New World with Columbus and Cortes, and it devastated Native American populations who had no immunities to the virus. The disease played a major role in the conquest of Mexico and Peru, as well as the European settlement of North America. In India there is even a goddess of smallpox, Sitala. Her name means the cool one. If you are a virologist, perhaps you might think variola is pretty cool. But rest assured, smallpox is a lethal disease that has played no small part in human history.. Variola is one of the largest and most complicated viruses known. It invades a human cell and forces it to reproduce the virus until there are thousands of viruses inside the cell. The cell bursts and showers the virus onto other cells. The disease is horrible, causing high fever, red pus-filled blisters and oozing ...
Vaccinia immune globulin (By injection)
Vaccinia Immune Globulin, Human (vax-IN-ee-a i-MUNE GLOB-ue-lin, HUE-man) Treats conditions caused by vaccinia virus, which can affect the skin, eyes, and mouth.
Vaccinia immune globulin Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com
Advice and warnings for the use of Vaccinia immune globulin during pregnancy. FDA Pregnancy Category C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Leki refundowane - Cena i zamienniki leku Vaccinia Immune Globulin IV (Human)
Sprawdź ile zapłacisz za lek Vaccinia Immune Globulin IV (Human) w aptece, znajdź tańsze zamienniki leku. Określ swoje uprawnienia i sprawdź jakie zniżki Ci przysługują.
Smallpox Eradication Taught Us How to Fight Polio: Now We Need to Win the Battle | Sabin
Dr. Tadataka Tachi Yamada, President of the Global Health Program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, is a featured speaker at the 2010 smallpox eradication symposium being held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from August 24-27. Below, he details how the lessons learned from smallpox eradication can be applied to the elimination of polio. When I was growing up in Japan, my close friend Keichi Maruyama, who lived right next door to me, was crippled from polio.. Most people today are too young to remember, but it was a disease that struck fear into every family. We knew it could hit home at any time.. ...
Pump Handle Archives
Pump Handle. . 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 February-03. Norovirus hits North Dakota, Foul Turkeys, Smallpox vaccination plan - Phase I, New therapy for Gonorrhea, Flu or No Flu, that is the question! and a Legislative update.. March-03. Get your Kleenex ready, Smallpox vaccinations clinics underway, Skeeter season already? Streptococcal Pharyngitis cluster, Who let the Dogs Out? MRSA: An Increasing Problem, New Tuberculosis treatment guidelines issued, Immunize for Life Coming May 2003 and Revision to North Dakota Reportable Conditions.. April-03. SARS, Update: North Dakota Smallpox vaccination program, Gonorrhea: Complications still occur, Medication errors in the treatment of syphilis, North Dakota 2003 HIV/AIDS Campaign and Immunize for Life Coming May 2003.. May-03. SARS, Q Fever Case in North Dakota, Recommendations for Controlling Influenza Outbreaks, May is National Hepatitis Awareness Month, The Seventh Annual Tuberculosis ...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | Princes and Peasants. Smallpox in History
Only the oldest among Americans and Europeans have had personal experience of the horror and tragedy of epidemic smallpox in their countries. A smaller number of younger physicians and epidemiologists have had this experience during the course of eradication campaigns, mostly in tropical areas. Soon, with the total elimination of smallpox since 1977, it will be merely a historical curiosity. It is most timely, therefore, that Dr. Hopkins has undertaken the task of assembling widely scattered records to produce this concise, authoritative, easily readable story of the devastating impact of smallpox on individuals, populations, and the history of mankind.
The book opens with a superb chapter which, in remarkably few but well chosen words, reviews the virology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, inter-person transmission, the geographic origin and spread, and the history of thought about the cause and propagation of smallpox in relation to its treatment and prevention.
Smallpox - Symptoms And Progression Of The Disease, The Discovery Of The Vaccine, Global Eradication Of Smallpox Virus -...
Smallpox is an infection caused by the variola virus, a member of the poxvirus family. Throughout history, smallpox has caused huge epidemics resulting in great suffering and enormous death tolls worldwide. In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that a massive program of vaccination against the disease had resulted in the complete eradication of the virus (with the exception of stored virus in two laboratories).. ...
Balmis Expedition: How Orphans Took The Smallpox Vaccine Around The World | Amusing Planet
The route of the Balmis Expedition from Spain to America.. The Balmis expedition reached Puerto Rico on 9 February 1804, where to his surprise, Dr. Balmis discovered that the Puerto Rican authorities had already obtained the vaccine from the neighboring Danish colony of Saint Thomas. He worked with the governor general to organize a central vaccination board that would record the successful vaccinations performed in Puerto Rico and would keep live serum for future vaccinations. Thereafter, in every place they stopped, the expedition team established vaccination boards.. The expedition then sailed to Venezuela, where they received a jubilant reception. With the collaboration of civil authorities, Balmis was able to conduct mass vaccination of more than 12,000 in less than a month. Balmis also trained local physicians and oversaw the distribution of vaccine in cities and outlying regions, and created the first central vaccination board, on which all others in Spanish America would be ...
Gay Activists Alliance Zap at the New York City Board of Examiners - NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project
Intro 475 (Clingan-Burden Bill) was introduced before the New York City Council on January 6, 1971, to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. As a means to support the bill, the Fair Employment Committee of the Gay Activists Alliance (GAA) conducted research on job discrimination in the city as background. It found that discrimination against LGBT teachers surpassed that of all other institutions or private businesses. The majority of accusations of discrimination were made against the Board of Examiners, which controlled the actual licensing of teachers, but the Board of Educations official policies remained unclear. GAAs requests for clarification or meetings went unmet, even after a zap at the Board of Education headquarters in downtown Brooklyn on January 25, 1971. (See our curated theme for background on the zap tactic.). On April 13, 1971, around 2:00 p.m., about 40 to 60 GAA members, along with some Gay Liberation Front members, zapped the Board of Examiners headquarters ...
Smallpox and its eradication - Red Book
Smallpox and its eradication was published by WHO in 1988 (ISBN: 92 4 156110 6). It contains illustrative material both from WHO and from other published sources, as indicated. In the case of the latter, the copyright holders granted WHO permission to reproduce their material in this book.. Stocks of Smallpox and its eradication were exhausted some years ago and the book is now out of print. In view of current concern about the threat of smallpox, WHO has decided with some urgency to make the book available on the World Wide Web. WHO requests the understanding of the copyright holders of the illustrations from other published sources and invites those who object to their material being made available in this way to contact us at [email protected] ...
Smallpox Vaccine - Wilkinson Health Services / Non-retail
All contents Copyright 1999-2018 Genius Central and Wilkinson Health Services / Non-retail. All rights reserved. This internet site is hosted by Genius Central, a Web site service provider to natural health stores nationwide. Genius Central and Wilkinson Health Services / Non-retail have no means of independently evaluating the safety or functionality of the products offered by their suppliers and affiliates and thus can neither endorse nor recommend products. Information presented is of a general nature for educational and informational purposes only. Statements about products and health conditions have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. Products and information presented herein are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent disease. If you have any concerns about your own health, you should always consult with a physician or other healthcare professional. Your use of this site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms and Conditions ...
Killing Soldiers with Smallpox Vaccine
FAIR USE NOTICE: This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a fair use of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml ...
Smallpox Outbreak in New Tacoma (1881) - HistoryLink.org
Smallpox struck New Tacoma, a recently platted town encompassing much of what later became downtown Tacoma, in October 1881. The outbreak sickened an official count of 80 people and killed 14 by the time it ended that December. It also divided the local medical community, inspired the creation of the citys board of health, and provided a new role for the veteran Mosquito Fleet steamer Alida.. A Fearsome Disease. The disease came just as business prospects were looking up for New Tacoma. Platted in 1875 to provide a town at the chosen site of the Northern Pacific Railroad terminus, it had been in competition with the original Tacoma settlement, located three miles to the northwest in what is now the Old Town neighborhood, ever since. In 1880 Pierce County voters named New Tacoma the county seat, replacing Steilacoom and further salting the wounds of the original Tacoma City, afterward inevitably referred to as Old Tacoma. (The two separate towns were merged in 1884 into the single city of ...
MedyMyst: Nemesis in Neuropolis. Students learn about viruses and vaccines while investigating a smallpox case.
This is a problem-based learning adventure game that engages the player in the role of scientist, historian, and detective. At the beginning, the student is presented with a problem that must be solved. During the mission, students conduct field and laboratory investigations with the aid of the MedMyst characters. This mission can be played within one class period (approximately 30 to 45 minutes) and the knowledge gained from this mission will help students understand how infectious diseases are spread. This mission covers pox viruses, virus structure and replication, Edward Jenner, and smallpox vaccine development. Each mission is a self-contained problem and may be played without reliance on the other missions. Also available in Spanish ...
Mummified smallpox virus shows the disease isnt as old as we thought | Science News
The newly obtained Variola virus samples are the oldest human virus ever to be sequenced, Dr. Edward Holmes of the University of Sydney told BBC News. Radiocarbon dating showed that the boy lived sometime around 1650 AD (a period when smallpox was common across Europe) but the evolutionary history of the disease itself led to a surprising discovery.. This fossil tells us that the virus evolutionary history is much more recent than we thought- its actually only hundreds of years rather than thousands of years, Dr. Holmes explained. But he added that it was not possible to determine exactly where the disease came from, when it may have first appeared in humans, and what its ancestor might have been.. Interestingly, the researchers told NPR that the mummified child showed no signs of the disease, including pockmarks. Study co-author Henrik Poinar told the media outlet that the disease seems to be human specific, unlike other pox viruses, which tend to affect other animals. If smallpox did ...
Smallpox and Vaccinia - Vaccines - NCBI Bookshelf
Smallpox is now a disease of historical interest only, its eradication having been certified by the World Health Assembly on May 8, 1980. 1 An exanthematous viral disease, it was once prevalent throughout the world, existing as an endemic infection wherever concentrations of population were sufficient to sustain transmission. Outbreaks of variola major, the only known variety until the end of the 19th century, resulted in case-fatality rates of 20% or more. Most of those who survived had distinctive residual facial pockmarks, and some were blind. A second variety, variola minor, produced less severe illness and was associated with case-fatality rates of 1% or less. It was first described in South Africa by de Korte 2 and in the United States by Chapin 3 and subsequently became the prevalent variety throughout the United States, parts of South America, and Europe as well as some areas of eastern and southern Africa. 4
Make an informed vaccination choice | Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc.
No, Im not a medical doctor - I have a PhD in microbiology. More specifically, anaerobic bacteria.. Regarding vaccinia, you may wish to read the following; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7294/. Similarly, if you check the information on what the antigen of the smallpox vaccine is, it is listed as Vaccinia. https://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/aboutvaccine.asp. (In case you were interested, these are the other components of the vaccine in laymans terms; Calf lymph - the solution the vaccine is produced in. Cow plasma, the juice that runs out of a rare steak when you cut into it (as cows are exsaguinated before consumption, there is little to no blood in the meat). Polymyxin B sulfate - antibiotic used for preservation. Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate - antibiotic used for preservation. Chlortetracycline hydrochlorite - antibiotic used for preservation. Neomycin sulfate - antibiotic used for preservation. Note; antibiotics are commonly used in animal husbandry. There are more ...
Biological characterization of recombinant vaccinia viruses in mice infected by the respiratory route | Microbiology Society
A murine model based on infection by the respiratory route has been used to study the pathogenesis of recombinant vaccinia viruses. The neurovirulent Western Reserve (WR) strain and the Wyeth smallpox vaccine strain were used as vectors. Recombinant viruses were constructed by insertion of the Epstein-Barr virus membrane glycoprotein 340 gene into the thymidine kinase (TK) gene of each vaccinia virus. Intranasal inoculation of DBA/2 mice with 106 pock-forming units (pk.f.u.) of the WR strain was lethal but mice survived similar infection with the WR recombinant virus. Each virus was recovered from lung, blood and brain but, unlike wild-type virus, the recombinant virus was subsequently cleared. No deaths occurred after similar infection with the Wyeth strain or the Wyeth recombinant virus. There was limited growth of the Wyeth strain in the respiratory tract, low levels of virus in the blood and only sporadic recovery in brain extracts. The Wyeth recombinant virus was cleared rapidly with little
Bill Text - AB-2832 Immunizations: vaccine injury information.
This bill would require the California Health and Human Services Agency to maintain a conspicuous link to federal resources related to vaccine injuries, including, but not limited to, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, on the agencys Internet Web site ...
Immune Responses to Smallpox Vaccination - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Additional blood samples will be collected 1 month after vaccination and again within a year after vaccination. The blood will be analyzed for the immune response to the vaccine, genetic differences that might influence differences in immune response, and the presence of vaccinia virus.. Participants will fill out a diary card every day for 3 weeks after vaccination to record any symptoms. Individuals who develop symptoms lasting more than 2 weeks, such as persistent or new skin lesions, will return to the clinic for additional skin exams and blood tests. Individuals who develop vaccine side effects may have a urine culture for vaccinia virus.. Vaccine Recipient Infrequent Follow-up. Participants will come to the NIH Clinical Center for blood tests on the day of vaccination, 4 weeks after vaccination, and once again within a year after vaccination. At each visit, 6 teaspoonfuls of blood will be drawn. This group will also include individuals who have been vaccinated within 8 months of entering ...
Immunizations and Pregnancy - North Kansas City Hospital, Kansas City, MO
If you are not immune to rubella, measles, or chickenpox, your doctor will recommend that you not have the vaccine until after childbirth. Instead, you must take every precaution to prevent exposure to these viruses while youre pregnant.. If you are at risk of being exposed to hepatitis B, hepatitis A, rabies, polio, meningitis, or pneumococcal bacteria, your doctor may recommend that you get vaccinated against these infections during pregnancy.. If you are age 26 or younger and you did not already get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine before you became pregnant, your doctor may suggest this vaccine after pregnancy.. Smallpoxhas been eliminated from all places in the world except for research labs. Smallpox vaccine is not recommended during pregnancy because of the small chance that it can affect you or the fetus. But risks related to the vaccine are not as great as the risk of having smallpox infection. So, in the unlikely event that you have or may have been exposed to smallpox, you ...
The Biological Warfare Blog: Black Six: The Annual Smallpox Retention Debate: WHO Global Smallpox Bio-Safety
On the other side of the debate, are academics and scientists, who have not generally worked in a military laboratory or dangerous pathogen unit and who have not worked in either repository although there are a couple noted exceptions to this rule. Two from USAMRIID and one from Porton Down that Im aware of having gone over. Not that this is a dis-qualifier and there are certainly more exceptions, but drawing from the Nature article, the opposition has tended to base their arguements for destruction on more political sentiment than scientific analysis. Nature rightly goes on to contend that In an essay ( ) in the journal Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefence strategy, Practice, and Science, security expert Jonathan Tucker argues that many of the stated goals of the World Health Organizations smallpox research programme have been achieved--such as antiviral drugs and diagnostic tools---and that there is a diminished need for live virus to be retained (J.B. Tucker Biosecur Bioterror ...
Smallpox quarantine laws
Smallpox Strikes! - Norma Jean Lutz - Google Books
Rob Allerton has problems. His stepfather, Josiah Foy, is determined to make a shipping clerk out of him, but Rob hates everything about the family business. And when he isnt getting into trouble at work, Rob and his half-sister Rachel are being set up for trouble at home by their stepbrother, Thomas. Then, on top of everything else, smallpox breaks out. Robs friend, Dr. Boylston, has a radical new treatment that may save people from smallpox, but Josiah Foy refuses to even consider letting his family be inoculated. How can Rob convince his stepfather to risk Dr. Boylstons treatment before his family contracts the deadly disease?
Should remaining stockpiles of smallpox virus be destroyed? | ViroBlogy
Our Department has a journal club every Friday, when research folk (staff and students) get together to hear a postgrad student present an interesting new paper. Last Friday Alta Hattingh from my lab gave a thought-provoking and insightful presentation on whether or not smallpox virus should be destroyed - so I asked her to turn…
Lets finally condemn the smallpox virus to extinction | New Scientist
There is no longer any good reason to preserve lab samples of smallpox virus, an organism responsible for mass death and destruction, says Gareth Williams
North Carolina Periodicals Index - Search Results
Smallpox vaccination cannot be a job requirement for any employee--it is purely voluntary. The NC Workers Compensation Act does not explicitly include and does not explicitly exclude complications resulting from smallpox vaccination received in the course of employment. This Bulletin provides guidance to managers who must answer employees question about the vaccination ...
Emergency physicians perspectives on smallpox vaccination. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine - Wikipedia
The Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, informally known as the Lister Institute, was established as a research institute (the British Institute of Preventive Medicine) in 1891, with bacteriologist Marc Armand Ruffer as its first director, using a grant of £250,000 from Edward Cecil Guinness of the Guinness family. It had premises in Chelsea in London, Sudbury in Suffolk, and Elstree in Hertfordshire, England. It was the first medical research charity in the United Kingdom. It was renamed the Jenner Institute (after Edward Jenner the pioneer of smallpox vaccine) in 1898 and then, in 1903, as the Lister Institute in honour of the great surgeon and medical pioneer, Dr Joseph Lister. In 1905, the institute became a School of the University of London. Until the 1970s the Institute maintained laboratories and conducted research on infectious disease and vaccines. It was funded by manufacturing and selling vaccines. In the 1970s the institute ran into financial difficulties. From 1971-72 ...
Case Examples - The Lundberg Case Consortium
Piloting a Bipartisan Ship: Strategies and Tactics of the 9/11 Commission. The case traces the operational evolution and tactical challenges for the bipartisan, independent National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, known as the 9/11 commission. From 2002-04, co-chairs former New Jersey Governor Thomas Kean and former Indiana Congressman Lee Hamilton led a politically daunting inquiry to determine the facts and make recommendations to forestall future terror strikes.. View PDF: 911 Commission final. Topics: leadership, political management, national security, or congressional relations.. ***. When Prevention Can Kill: Minnesota and the Smallpox Vaccine Program. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 aroused worry about bioterrorism, the malicious use of infectious agents to kill on a large scale. With smallpox eradicated, Americans were not vaccinated against it; its release could cause havoc. This case describes the operational and political issues that face public ...
Klickitat County, WA
The smallpox vaccine is not given with a hypodermic needle. It is not a shot, like many vaccinations. The vaccine is given using a bifurcated (two-pronged) needle that is dipped into the vaccine solution. When removed, the needle retains a droplet of the vaccine. The needle is then used to prick the skin a number of times in a few seconds. The pricking is not deep, but it will cause a sore spot and one or two drops of blood to form. The vaccine usually is given in the upper arm. If the vaccination is successful, a red and itchy bump develops at the vaccination site in three or four days. In the first week after vaccination, the bump becomes a large blister, fills with pus, and begins to drain. During week two, the blister begins to dry up and a scab forms. The scab falls off in the third week, leaving a small scar. People who are being vaccinated for the first time may have a stronger take (a successful reaction) than those who are being vaccinated again ...
Mass Vaccination and Surveillance/Containment in the Eradication of Smallpox | SpringerLink
The Smallpox Eradication Program, initiated by the WHO in 1966, was originally based on mass vaccination. The program emphasized surveillance from the beginning, largely to track the success of the pr
Vaccinations: The Medical, Legal, and Social Implications - Page 2 - Exposing Mass Deception
Previous articles have discussed the theoretical and practical bases of incorporating vaccine research and infectious disease control as a component of U.S. foreign policy. The modern era of vaccine diplomacy began when the U.S. virologist Dr. Albert Sabin collaborated with his counterparts in the Soviet Union to develop and test the live oral polio vaccine (OPV). After OPV was developed in the United States in the mid-1950s, it was tested in millions of Soviet schoolchildren before being licensed in the United States. Therefore, the development and testing of OPV was a joint U.S.-Soviet venture occurring at the height of the cold war, shortly after the Sputnik launch in 1956. Conquering polio was followed by additional U.S.-Soviet cooperation that led to improved formulations of the smallpox vaccine and eventually to the global eradication of smallpox in 1977. Some of our greatest medical and public health achievements were brought about because of back-channel scientific collaborations between ...
Vaccinations: The Medical, Legal, and Social Implications - Page 2 - Cluesforum-Exposing Mass Deception
Previous articles have discussed the theoretical and practical bases of incorporating vaccine research and infectious disease control as a component of U.S. foreign policy. The modern era of vaccine diplomacy began when the U.S. virologist Dr. Albert Sabin collaborated with his counterparts in the Soviet Union to develop and test the live oral polio vaccine (OPV). After OPV was developed in the United States in the mid-1950s, it was tested in millions of Soviet schoolchildren before being licensed in the United States. Therefore, the development and testing of OPV was a joint U.S.-Soviet venture occurring at the height of the cold war, shortly after the Sputnik launch in 1956. Conquering polio was followed by additional U.S.-Soviet cooperation that led to improved formulations of the smallpox vaccine and eventually to the global eradication of smallpox in 1977. Some of our greatest medical and public health achievements were brought about because of back-channel scientific collaborations between ...
Table 2 - Australian Public and Smallpox - Volume 11, Number 11-November 2005 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
A national survey of 1,001 Australians found that most were concerned about a bioterrorist attack and were ill-informed about smallpox prevention and response. Since general practitioners were commonly identified as the initial point of care, they should become a focus of bioterrorism response planning in Australia.
Creative Learning Exchange
Twenty-three students from three Portland area high schools accepted an invitation to serve as part of the CMT for an unspecified disaster simulation. In 30 hours at Wilson High School, they went from the introduction of the problem to a fully developed and model-tested plan for dealing with a smallpox outbreak, reducing deaths from a possible 750,000+ to fewer than 250. They developed a control plan that used the same strategies the World Health Organization developed over a ten-year period for dealing with smallpox outbreaks ...
GLOBAL POLITICAL AWAKENING: Vaccine Apocalypse Now
Edward Jenner (1796-1839) discovered that cowpox vaccine would supposedly innoculate persons against the eighteenth century scourge of smallpox. In fact, smallpox was already on the wane, and some authorities believe it would have vanished by the end of the century, due to a number of contributing factors. After the use of cowpox vaccine became widespread in England, a smallpox epidemic broke in which killed 22,081 people. The smallpox epidemic became worse each year that the vaccine was used. In 1872, 44,480 people were killed by it. England finally banned the vaccine in 1948, despite the fact that it was one of the most widely heralded contribution which that country had made to modern medicine. This action came after many years of compulsory vaccination, during which period those who refused to submit to its dangers were hurried off to jail.[E] page 136-137 ...