Looking for online definition of sleeps in a whole skin in the Medical Dictionary? sleeps in a whole skin explanation free. What is sleeps in a whole skin? Meaning of sleeps in a whole skin medical term. What does sleeps in a whole skin mean?

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We established a tissue engineered 3D human skin model. This interactive 3D-co-cultre consists of living human primary keratinocytes with a well-differentiated stratum corneum and an epidermal layer. The dermal layer is composed of a Type I collagen scaffold interspersed with living human dermal fibroblasts. This primary cells form a skin equivalent which is phenotypically similar to in vivo human skin. With this co-culture it is possible to determine interactions of single cell populations with the surrounding scaffold. It is also a suitable model for testing a wide variety of endpoints including cell viability, the release of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1 and PGE-2, permeation rate and metabolism of substances, proliferation and biochemical changes. |br|The purpose of developing such a tissue engineered 3 D skin model is to evaluate organ specific influences of materials and nanomaterials on cellular level. First experiments to analyse the biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes are performed

Lipidomics is a rapidly expanding area of scientific research and there are a number of analytical techniques that are employed to facilitate investigations. One such technique is matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS). Previous MALDI-MS studies involving lipidomic investigation have included the analysis of a number of different ex vivo tissues, most of which were obtained from animal models, with only a few being of human origin. In this study, we describe the use of MALDI-MS, MS/MS and MS imaging methods for analysing lipids within cross-sections of ex vivo human skin. It has been possible to tentatively identify lipid species via accurate mass measurement MALDI-MS and also to confirm the identity of a number of these species via MALDI-MS/MS, in experiments carried out directly on tissue. The main lipid species detected include glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. MALDI images have been generated at a spatial resolution of 150 and 30 μm, using a MALDI ...

The Whole Skin Dissociation Kit, human enables the gentle and efficient generation of single-cell suspensions from human skin tissue without separating dermis and epidermis. The kit has been particularly developed for the isolation of fibroblasts from diverse human skin biopsies as well as for phenotyping or enumeration of human skin cell populations by flow cytometry. | USA

Candida auris is a fungal pathogen of high concern due to its ability to cause healthcare-associated infections and outbreaks, its resistance to antimicrobials and disinfectants and its persistence on human skin and in the inanimate environment. To inform surveillance and future mitigation strategies, we defined the extent of skin colonization and explored the microbiome associated with C. auris colonization. We collected swab specimens and clinical data at three times points between January and April 2019 from 57 residents (up to ten body sites each) of a ventilator-capable skilled nursing facility with endemic C. auris and routine chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing. Integrating microbial-genomic and epidemiologic data revealed occult C. auris colonization of multiple body sites not targeted commonly for screening. High concentrations of CHG were associated with suppression of C. auris growth but not with deleterious perturbation of commensal microbes. Modeling human mycobiome dynamics provided

(KudoZ) Spanish to English translation of Ds Dp (abbreviations): superficial dermis, deep dermis [Medical Report - Medical (general) (Medical)].

Dysbiosis of skin microbiota is associated with several inflammatory skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis, acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa. There is a surge of interest by clinicians and the lay public to explore targeted bacteriotherapy to treat these dermatologic conditions. To date, skin microbiota transplantation studies have focused on moving single, enriched strains of bacteria to target sites rather than a whole community. In this prospective pilot study, we examined the feasibility of transferring unenriched skin microbiota communities between two anatomical sites of the same host. We enrolled four healthy volunteers (median age: 28 [range: 24, 36] years; 2 [50%] female) who underwent collection and transfer of skin microbiota from the forearm to the back unidirectionally. Using culture methods and 16S rRNA V1-V3 deep sequencing, we compared baseline and mixed (transplant) communities, at T = 0 and T = 24 hours. Our ability to detect movement from one site to the other relied on the

A punch or excisional biopsy of the skin was done in 50 patients with generalized amyloidosis: In 46, clinically normal skin, usually the forearm, was biopsied and in four, only cutaneous lesions. Amyloid was seen in the skin of 21 of 38 patients with primary and multiple myeloma-associated amyloidosis. Sixteen of 34 biopsies from clinically uninvolved skin were positive. Five of 12 patients with secondary amyloidosis had amyloid deposits in clinically normal skin. Overall, amyloidosis was definitively diagnosed on skin biopsy examination in 26 patients. A punch biopsy of clinically involved or uninvolved skin is an innocuous, simple procedure with a high diagnostic yield and can be done in an office setting. ...

Subjects. Epidermal keratinocytes were collected from skin biopsy samples from 4 adult patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis (3 women and 1 man; age range, 33-73 years) and 3 healthy age-matched control subjects. Skin sections were obtained from skin biopsies of lesional and nonlesional skin of 4 psoriatic patients (1 woman and 3 men; age range, 48-69) with plaque psoriasis and of the skin of 3 healthy age-matched subjects. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects, and the study was approved by the Istituto Dermopatico dellImmacolata (Rome, Italy) and University of Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf, Germany). Skin sections of anonymous patients with pustular psoriasis were obtained from the National Cancer Institute Laboratory of Pathology.. Human keratinocyte cultures. Epidermal cell suspensions were prepared from lesional skin biopsy samples from psoriatic patients or normal skin of healthy controls. After trypsinization of the epidermis, isolated epidermal cells were seeded ...

The European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) is currently supporting formal validation studies of in vitro tests for predicting skin irritancy and corrosivity, including tests employing two human skin models, EPISKINTM and EpiDermTM. When skin models are used to evaluate skin irritancy, it is important that suitable chemical application procedures are used. We evaluated the skin irritancy of 44 chemicals using the postincubation method (10-minutes treatment and 18-hours post-treatment incubation) that we originally developed to predict skin irritancy which is similar to a refined protocol for EPISKINTM proposed in an ECVAM validation study. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy obtained with the MTT reduction assay-based prediction model were 77.8%, 76.9%, and 77.3%, respectively while the corresponding values obtained with the interleukin-1α secretion assay-based prediction model were 61.1%, 92.3%, and 79.5%, respectively. Combining these endpoints indicated a ...

Dry Skin on the Penis: A common problem that affects men all over the world. There are many reasons why one may develop dry skin. One of them is due to lack of moisture in their body. Another reason could be from excessive sweating or other types of heat stress. The third reason could be due to poor hygiene practices such as not showering regularly, using unsanitary towels, etc... The most common cause of dry skin on the penile skin is from exposure to cold temperatures. Cold weather conditions cause your body temperature to drop.. When your bodys temperature drops, it results in less blood flow into the area. This leads to reduced blood supply and decreased oxygenation of the tissues. This condition can lead to frostbite or even death if left untreated.. Another common cause of dry skin on the penile skin is from excessive sweating. Sweating can result in dehydration and hypothermia.. Hypothermia can lead to frostbite or even death if left untreated.. A third common cause of dry skin on the ...

Some functional parameters were identified and assessed in a tissue-engineered self-assembled skin substitute. This skin substitute was produced using fibroblasts and keratinocytes isolated from adult human skin. Keratinocytes were seeded on a dermal layer, composed of two fibroblast sheets cultured for 35 d. The epidermal cells formed a stratified and cornified epidermis and expressed differentiation markers, notably involucrin and transglutaminase. Interestingly and for the first time, the receptor for vitamin D3 was detected in all of the epidermal cell layers of the skin substitute, as it is reported for normal human skin. This observation suggests that keratinocytes retain key receptors during their differentiation in the skin model. A network of collagen fibers was observed by electron microscopy in the dermal layer of the model. In the dermis, collagen fibers remodeling and assembly is dependent on enzymes, notably prolyl-4-hydroxylase. For the first time in a skin construct, the ...

In order to evaluate water-insoluble chemicals using the skin model which is more similar to real skin and detectable interaction among three kind cells, we established a test method which is a three-dimensional human skin model consisting of normal fibroblasts, normal keratinocytes and normal dendritic cells utilizing a collagen vitrigel membrane (VG-KDF-Skin). Nine sensitizers and five non-sensitizers were then examined. After 24 hr, the amount of IL-1α and IL-4 release was measured, and then positive/negative outcomes were evaluated (VG-KDF-Skin method ...

In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time that the detailed cutaneous blood flow at capillary level within dermis of human skin can be imaged by optical micro-angiography (OMAG) technique. A novel scanning protocol, i.e. fast B scan mode is used to achieve the capillary flow imaging. We employ a 1310nm system to scan the skin tissue at an imaging rate of 300 frames per second, which requires only ~5 sec to complete one 3D imaging of capillary blood flow within skin. The technique is sensitive enough to image the very slow blood flows at ~4 μm/sec. The promising results show a great potential of OMAGs role in the diagnosis, treatment and management of human skin diseases.. ©2010 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...

The aqueous thermal boundary layer near to the ocean surface, or skin layer, has thickness O(1 mm) and plays an important role in controlling the exchange of heat between the atmosphere and the ocean. Theoretical arguments and experimental measurements are used to investigate the dynamics of the skin layer under the influence of an upwelling flow, which is imposed in addition to free convection below a cooled water surface. Previous theories of straining flow in the skin layer are considered and a simple extension of a surface straining model is posed to describe the combination of turbulence and an upwelling flow. An additional theory is also proposed, conceptually based on the buoyancy-driven instability of a laminar straining flow cooled from above. In all three theories considered two distinct regimes are observed for different values of the Péclet number, which characterizes the ratio of advection to diffusion within the skin layer. For large Péclet numbers, the upwelling flow dominates ...

Please ask for size and color availability before ordering. Thank you. Assos Women s Ultraz Winter Ls Skin Layer Our Women s Ultraz Winter LS Skin Layer brings maximum thermal protection and body-mapped comfort to your coldest rides, courtesy of our new wool-blend knit and seamless design. DESCRIPTION With its wool-blended knit, the Women s Ultraz Winter LS Skin Layer turns up the warmth and windblocking capabilities to the max. We see this as the ultimate defensive first layer in the most challenging winter conditions, as it goes into overdrive at the core level to keep you dry and your temperature stable. Setting a new foundation, this Skin Layer is a total reset on our base layers of yore, wearing a completely revamped, female-specific makeup and using a new blend of fibers. The Ultraz model is about 10% lighter than the previous Winter LS Skinfoil, relying on a Circular Seamless construction that s both ultrasoft and free of irritating side seams. A robust arctic-tuned blend of

Collagen type I production decreases with aging, leading to wrinkles and impaired skin function. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a lipid-derived signaling molecule produced from arachidonic acid by cyclo-oxygenase, inhibits collagen production and induces matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1) expression by fibroblasts in vitro. PGE2-induced collagen expression inhibition and MMP1 promotion are aging mechanisms. This study investigated the role of E-prostanoid 1 (EP1) in PGE2 signaling in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). When EP1 expression was inhibited by EP1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), there were no significant changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of collagen, type I, alpha 1 (COL1A1)/MMP1 between siRNA-transfected NHDFs and siRNA-transfected NHDFs with PGE2. This result showed that EP1 is a PGE2 receptor. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation after PGE2 treatment significantly increased by ~2.5 times. In addition, PGE2 treatment increased the intracellular Ca2+

All human beings suffer from stress at one stage of life or others. Some of us are strong enough to get rid of emotionaltensions in a short period, whereas some of us become a slave of daily life pressures for a longer period. Although stress is unavoidable, it is quite necessary to overcome it as soon as possible. Otherwise, there are stress effects on skin, mental as well as physical health of an individual in an adverse way. Stress and anxiety have severe consequences on the human body, and most of them are due to skin problems. The skin-brainconnection is quite complicated, and dermatologists believe that stressor hormones trigger various changes in brain and body chemistry. How does Stress Affect Skin?. Studies have shown that during tension and stress moments, our body tends to produce excessive stress hormones called cortisol from the adrenal glands. As a result, there is more production of oil and sebum by the skin glands. Overall, the increase in cortisol production wreaks the entire ...

Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Photocomposite of bacteria on human skin. Types of bacteria seen in this photocomposite are: Rod-shaped bacteria, Escherichia coli; Propionibacterium acnes; Corynebacterium diptheriae. Coccoid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Enterococcus faecium; Micrococcus luteus. The human skin has been considered to harbour a complex microbial ecosystem. Recently it has been shown that over 120 different types of bacteria can occur in the microbiota of the human skin. Magnification: bacteria x370; skin x6 when shortest axis printed at 25 millimetres. - Stock Image C032/2470

The skin is the largest organ of the body and provides many functions. Among tetrapod vertebrates, amphibian skin is semi-permeable and responsible for a greater proportion of water absorption and gas exchange. Myriad factors affect the physiological performance of amphibian skin. Morphological traits linked with amphibian skin physiology or ecology have remained difficult to discern because of a lack of quantitative comparative research and the discovery of sources of intraspecific variation that are mostly ignored in study designs. This thesis aims to address the effects of these sources of variation using a trait that is known to vary between sexes, among seasons, and among body regions and thought to be linked with physiology or ecology, skin thickness. The first source of variation addressed is sexual dimorphism. Specimens of the white-lipped treefrog, Litoria infrafrenata, that display sexual dimorphism in body size and skin thickness were used to test if body size was the main determinate ...

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Each skin type is determined by several factors such as the amount of oil produced, texture, and the frequency of acne breakouts. Skin tones often seem to coincide with certain types of skin, but skin tone is not a determining factor in what type of skin you may have. Quite fair skin may also be oily, while dark tones may be dry. Therefore, skin color is not a good metric to use when determining what type of skin you may have.. People with dry skin usually have few breakouts and seldom experience blackheads. The reason for this is that excess oil blockages are what form blackheads, and dry skin is not prone to excess oil. This generally means that acne breakouts are rare for this skin type, although other problems may exist. Dry skin generally has few if any visible pores, and the skin will feel tight and/or dry after cleansing. Those with dry skin are usually fair-skinned and often develop facial lines early in life. This skin type may sunburn very quickly.. People with normal skin and with ...

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A composite living skin equivalent is described comprising an epidermal layer of cultured keratinocyte cells, a layer of non-porous collagen, and a dermal layer of cultured fibroblast cells in a porous cross-linked collagen sponge matrix. Preferably the non-porous collagen is Type 1, Type 3 or mixtures of Types 1 and 3 bovine collagen, which has been pepsin treated. A process for preparing the skin equivalent is described, as well as a test kit for in vitro testing of the skin equivalent. The skin equivalent has use for skin grafting as well as in vitro testing of the effects of various substances on skin.

Parasitic, bacterial and allergens in the environment are the most common causes of canine skin problems. Skin boils is one of these skin infections. These eruptions on the surface of the skin are not really life threatening. In fact a skin boil commonly heal on its own. This skin infection does not need the pet owner to administer treatment as after the pus is drained, the boil will heal. However, a dog will be severely infected if the immune system is compromised.. The most common cause of canine skin boils is poor hygiene. A dog expert advices pet parents to refrain from bathing the pet frequently. Too much bathing will dry up the skin giving rise to various skin problems. However, picture a pet that is seldom bathed, a pet that is allowed to sleep on the ground. The dog will naturally be filthy. Germs and bacteria-causing skin infection will thrive and have a party on poor Fidos skin resulting to various kinds of skin infections. Bacteria that enter the skin through the hair follicle will ...

Have you always thought that dry skin and dehydrated skin are the same thing? Dont worry, you arent alone. Its a very common mix up that unfortunately even beauty therapists can at times get wrong - so Im here to set the record straight on the differences between dry and dehydrated skin and also tell you the (very important) reasons why you need to know about it.. Skin type vs. Skin condition. Dry skin, like oily or combination skin, is a skin type. Your skin type is the balance of characteristics that your skin is naturally prone to. Those with dry skin lack the ideal balance of naturally occurring oil and sebum to maintain a soft and supple complexion.. Dehydrated skin on the other hand is a skin condition, meaning that it is not necessarily part of your natural set of skin characteristics and is caused by either external or internal environmental, lifestyle and health factors. The problem with dehydrated skin is not lack of oil - its crying out for something very different -- H20. Yes, ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Skin ulceration potential of paclitaxel in a mouse skin model in vivo [3]. AU - Bertelli, G.. AU - Cafferata, M. A.. AU - Ardizzoni, A.. AU - Gozza, A.. AU - Rosso, R.. AU - Dini, D.. AU - Dorr, R. T.. PY - 1997/1/1. Y1 - 1997/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030997461&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030997461&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970701)79:11,2266::AID-CNCR30,3.0.CO;2-R. DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970701)79:11,2266::AID-CNCR30,3.0.CO;2-R. M3 - Letter. C2 - 9179078. AN - SCOPUS:0030997461. VL - 79. SP - 2266. EP - 2268. JO - Cancer. JF - Cancer. SN - 0008-543X. IS - 11. ER - ...

Using a scanning nuclear microprobe, the distribution of elements and trace elements of skin cross sections of normal skin, non-lesional psoriatic skin and in dry atopic skin have been mapped. In non-lesional psoriatic skin and in dry atopic skin the epidermal Ca-gradient is higher than that of normal skin. In addition, abnormally high Fe and Zn levels were recorded in the stratum granulosum and corneum regions in the pathological skin. It is suggested that these findings correlate to an increased cell turnover in the basal cell layer of the psoriatic and atopic skins. The ratio of Ca/Zn in stratum corneum of paralesional psoriatic skin is approximately 8:1 compared to 12: 1 in normal skin and 15: 1 in atopic skin. This suggests that the differentiation process in paralesional psoriatic skin may actually be an example of disturbed programmed cell death.. ...

In short, the paper goes over the history of skin microbial community studies, an overview of how the skin microbiome has been implicated in contributing to health and disease, and some ways our understanding of the skin microbiome has contributed to therapeutic interventions. We focused primarily on the bacterial, fungal, and viral communities associated with the skin, and how they contribute to health and disease. We go over potential roles of microbes in diseases including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, dandruff, and skin cancer. So go ahead and check it out ...

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The aim of this study was to determine the most sensitive approach for detecting the early signs of UVB-induced cellular damage using human skin fibroblasts. UVB-induced cell damage was assessed immediately and 24 h post irradiation using 3 in vitro colorimetric assays: neutral red (NR); 5-(3-carboxy-methoxyphenyl)- 2-(4.5-dimethylthiazolyl)-3-(4-sulphonyl) MTS; and (iii) LDH enzyme release. A good correlation was observed immediately post exposure between the MTS and NR in measuring damage levels, but was lost 24 h post exposure. This loss of correlation was the result of delayed expression of lysosomal damage and led to investigating cell membrane damage using LDH cell leakage assay. LDH levels observed immediately post UVB irradiation indicated significant LDH release at exposure doses of 2.2 and 2.8 J/cm 2 , while LDH release reported 24 h post exposure was recorded for doses as low as 0.70 J/cm 2 . The data reported in this paper indicated that cell viability and damage were significantly ...

The exposure of the skin to medical drugs, skin care products, cosmetics, and other chemicals renders information on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XME) in the skin highly interesting. predictions, and the cutaneous metabolism comparisons have to be viewed with caution. Keeping this fully in mind at least with respect to some cutaneous XME, some models may tentatively be considered to approximate reasonable closeness to human skin. For dermal absorption and for skin irritation among many contributing XME, esterase activity is of special importance, which in pig skin, some human cell lines, and reconstructed skin models appears reasonably close to human skin. With respect to genotoxicity and sensitization, activating XME are not yet judgeable, but reactive metabolite-reducing XME in primary human keratinocytes and several reconstructed human skin models appear reasonably close to human skin. For a more detailed delineation and discussion of the severe limitations see the Overview and ...

Cellular senescence is defined by the limited proliferative capacity of normal cultured cells. Immortal cells overcome this regulation and proliferate indefinitively. One step in the immortalization process may be reactivation of telomerase activity, a ribonucleoprotein complex, which, by de novo synthesized telomeric TTAGGG repeats, can prevent shortening of the telomeres. Here we show that immortal human skin keratinocytes, irrespective of whether they were immortalized by simian virus 40, human papillomavirus 16, or spontaneously, as well as cell lines established from human skin squamous cell carcinomas exhibit telomerase activity. Unexpectedly, four of nine samples of intact human skin also were telomerase positive. By dissecting the skin we could show that the dermis and cultured dermal fibroblasts were telomerase negative. The epidermis and cultured skin keratinocytes, however, reproducibly exhibited enzyme activity. By separating different cell layers of the epidermis this telomerase ...

Keratinocyte expression of A20/TNFAIP3 controls skin inflammation associated with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: Keratinocytes are key players in chronic infl

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The relationship of local skin temperature and the onset of sweating to the local cutaneous blood flow was studied in the forearm and calf. T HE PURPOSE OF THE INVE TIGATION WAS TO APPRAISE THE POSSIBLE RELATION OF SWEAT GLAND ACTIVITY TO THE CUTANEOUS VASODILATATION WHICH HAS BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO BRADYKININ OR TO INTRACRA IAL TEMPERATURES. The onset of sweating was not marked by any apparently related increases in the rate of cutaneous vasodilatation. On the contrary, the onset of sw ating was follo ed often by a stabilization or ev n a decrease in the l vel of cutaneous blood flow. The relations of the latter to the local skin temperature were complex, particularly in the forearm. There appeared to be additional unidentified influences, possibly vasomotor, operating on the skin vessels during transitional phases in the relation of skin temperature to blood flow. (A UTHOR)*BODY TEMPERATURE

TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhibitory modulation of cutaneous vascular responses by endogenous galanin in the pigeon. AU - Sántha, P.. AU - Pierau, Friedrich Karl. AU - Jancsó, G.. PY - 1999/9/24. Y1 - 1999/9/24. N2 - The possible role of endogenous galanin in modulation of cutaneous vascular responses was studied in pigeons. Chemically induced plasma extravasation and regional skin blood flow changes were measured simultaneously with a capillary perfusion technique and a laser Doppler imager, respectively. Perfusion with both histamine and bradykinin increased plasma protein extravasation which was dose-dependently and significantly augmented by co-administration of M35, a specific galanin antagonist. This effect of M35 was abolished after chronic cutaneous denervation. In intact but not denervated skin, M35 increased the vasodilatatory effect of histamine, too. It is suggested that galanin-containing nerves may play an inhibitory efferent role in the modulation of cutaneous inflammatory responses. ...

Sensitivity of human skin to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) varies dramatically depending on its colour and also varies within each colour band. Yet, public health policies regarding UVR exposure of human skin are mostly based on our knowledge of the UVR effects in only one skin type class: fair-skinned White Caucasians. This report gives a review of the different approaches to predicting and measuring UVR sensitivity using the Minimal Erythema Dose (MED). The MED is defined as the smallest amount of radiation that causes a noticeable reddening of the skin in an individual after a single exposure (evaluated 1 day post-exposure). Ultraviolet radiation is used to diagnose and treat skin conditions in patients with a broad range of complexions (skin colour) from very fair to very dark. Occupational UVR exposures also concern workers representing all types of skin. A sizable proportion of the population in Western countries uses UVR-emitting indoor tanning equipment. Environmental UVR can induce damage ...

Title: Genetic characterization of skin fibroblast cell lines by DNA fingerprinting. Authors: NK Nagpal, BK Beniwal, GC Gahlot and SC Gupta. Source: Ruminant Science (2016)-5(2):149-158.. Cite this reference as: Nagpal NK, Beniwal BK, Gahlot GC and Gupta SC (2016). Genetic characterization of skin fibroblast cell lines by DNA fingerprinting. Ruminant Science 5(2):149-158.. Abstract. Present study was carried out for genetic characterization of Bhadawari buffalo skin fibroblast cell lines using ten microsatellite primers. The primary cells explants from tissue of six cell lines MF-22, MF-37 and MF-82 (females) and MM-31, MM-32 and MM-79 (males) collected from 6-8 months old calves of Bhadawari buffalo breed were employed for development of cell lines. To establish the integrity of cell line which may have lost due to improper passaging, sharing of cultural media or inaccurate labeling, DNA fingerprinting was exercised. The PCR and denaturing sequence gel electrophoresis were carried out for ...

Title: Genetic characterization of skin fibroblast cell lines by DNA fingerprinting. Authors: NK Nagpal, BK Beniwal, GC Gahlot and SC Gupta. Source: Ruminant Science (2016)-5(2):149-158.. Cite this reference as: Nagpal NK, Beniwal BK, Gahlot GC and Gupta SC (2016). Genetic characterization of skin fibroblast cell lines by DNA fingerprinting. Ruminant Science 5(2):149-158.. Abstract. Present study was carried out for genetic characterization of Bhadawari buffalo skin fibroblast cell lines using ten microsatellite primers. The primary cells explants from tissue of six cell lines MF-22, MF-37 and MF-82 (females) and MM-31, MM-32 and MM-79 (males) collected from 6-8 months old calves of Bhadawari buffalo breed were employed for development of cell lines. To establish the integrity of cell line which may have lost due to improper passaging, sharing of cultural media or inaccurate labeling, DNA fingerprinting was exercised. The PCR and denaturing sequence gel electrophoresis were carried out for ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Altered transcriptome signature of phenotypically normal skin fibroblasts heterozygous for CDKN2A in familial melanoma. T2 - Relevance to early intervention. AU - Fan, Meiyun. AU - Pfeffer, Susan R.. AU - Lynch, Henry T.. AU - Cassidy, Pamela. AU - Leachman, Sancy. AU - Pfeffer, Lawrence M.. AU - Kopelovich, Levy. PY - 2013. Y1 - 2013. N2 - Familial melanoma (FM) is a dominantly heritable cancer that is associated with mutations in the tumor suppressor CDKN2A/p16. In FM, a single inherited hit occurs in every somatic cell, enabling interrogation of cultured normal skin fibroblasts (SFs) from FM gene carriers as surrogates for the cell of tumor origin, namely the melanocyte.We compared the gene expression profile of SFs from FM individuals with two distinct CDKN2A/p16 mutations (V126D-p16 and R87P-p16) with the gene expression profile of SFs from age-matched individuals without p16 mutations and with no family history of melanoma. We show an altered transcriptome signature in ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Detection of cytomegalovirus genomes in human skin fibroblasts by DNA hybridization. AU - Williams, L. L.. AU - Blakeslee, J. R.. AU - Boldogh, Istvan. AU - Huang, E. S.. PY - 1980. Y1 - 1980. N2 - A previous isolation of a human cytomegalovirus (CMV) from fibroblasts derived from intact skin of a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patient has prompted examination of six blind-coded cultured human skin lines by CMV DNA hybridization. The detection of CMV genome equivalents in three of the lines suggests that, in some cases, intact human skin may be a site of CMV latency.. AB - A previous isolation of a human cytomegalovirus (CMV) from fibroblasts derived from intact skin of a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patient has prompted examination of six blind-coded cultured human skin lines by CMV DNA hybridization. The detection of CMV genome equivalents in three of the lines suggests that, in some cases, intact human skin may be a site of CMV latency.. UR - ...

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a representative chronic inflammatory skin disease. It is characterized by a defective skin barrier and dysregulation of the immune system as result of excessive Th2 immune response. IL-18, a well-known pro-inflammatory cytokine, is particularly closely associated with AD severity and IgE level in AD patients. Recent studies have been reported that erythroid differentiation regulator (Erdr1) has a negative correlation with IL-18 and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, rosacea, and melanoma. In this study, to investigate whether Erdr1 has a preventive effect on AD, NC/Nga mice were used to induce AD-like skin inflammation. Then, recombinant Erdr1 (rErdr1) was administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. As results, rErdr1 administration significantly decreased the severity of AD including redness, edema, scaling, and excoriation. In addition, IgE and IL-4 production were suppressed by rErdr1 in the AD mouse model. To ...

Keloid pathogenesis occurs due to the longer duration of inflammation and the increase in the production of several factors such as TGF-β1 that causes the increase of fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. The role of B4 Leukotriene (LTB4) in keloid pathogenesis particularly in the inflammation phase and tissue proliferation has not been clearly elucidated. The present study was to analyze the levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 and collagen in keloid fibroblast and normal skin fibroblast. Fibroblasts were cultured by applying explant method to the keloid and normal skin of the petient with the keloid. The measurement of the levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 and collagen was conducted by using Elisa method and triplicate was conducted subsequently. Statistic testing was performed through unpaired t test. The experiment was carried out in cell culture laboratory of The Faculty of Medicine Padjajaran University Bandung. The levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 are higher in keloid fibroblast, despite the fact that it does not

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

16S rRNA sequencing data on human skin microbiome samples collected before and after swimming in the ocean. This dataset contains raw sequencing data contained in fasta and qual files produced from an Ion Torrent PGM sequencer. There were 2 sampling occurrences (041218 and 092718) and each occurrence has an associated fasta and qual file. This dataset contains the 092718 sampling data only due to storage restrictions. The other dataset is published separately. Our research has shown that the human skin microbiome is altered after swimming in the ocean. Normal commensals were washed off and simultaneously, exogenous bacteria were deposited on the skin. QIIME was used for initial analysis and indicated that the abundance and diversity of microbial communities on the skin increased after swimming and these changes persisted for more than 24 hours. Downstream analysis using PICRUSt to predict functional metagenomics indicated that there was an increase in antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic biosynthesis

Skin autofluorescence (AF) for the non-invasive assessment of the amount of accumulated tissue Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) increases with aging. In subjects with darker skin colors, measurements typically result in lower AF values than in subjects with fair skin colors, e.g. due to selective absorption by skin compounds. Our aim was to provide a new method for calculating skin AF, yielding values that are independent of skin color. The deviation of skin AF of healthy subjects with various darker skin types (N = 99) compared to reference values from Caucasians showed to be a function of various parameters that were derived from reflectance and emission spectra in the UV and visible range (adjusted R2 = 80%). Validation of the new algorithm, based on these findings, in a separate dataset (N = 141) showed that results of skin AF can now be obtained to assess skin AGEs independently of skin color.. ©2010 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...

Exfoliation is kind of measure in pattern for skin care. However, exfoliation is essential at least once each week or two depending on the skin type and the environmental conditions. Exfoliation finds its location in skin care routine due to the tendency of skin to rejuvenate skin cells. As a skin care technique, exfoliation will help in removing thus assisting the skin in the procedure. However, damage can be caused by harsh or excessive exfoliation to your skin. The next Factor in skin care is moisturizing. Moisturizing is the most significant part facial skin care regimen. Moisturizers stop your skin. Because it cause the layer skin to break, leading to skin cells dry skin is undesirable. Use light strokes to produce the moisturizer effective. Moisturizers work the best when implemented on skin that is moist and warm. Do not try and remove of the moisture in the measures of skin care regimen.Besides The typical facial skin care regimen, you should also exercise the following for facial skin ...

Dermabrasion: Skin lightening is achieved through the scraping off of the top skin layer using a wire brush. The procedure is a surgical one and should be conducted by a professional. A milder type of treatment closely related to this is microdermabrasion. This involves sanding off the top skin layer using some particles. It is milder and will only yield a skin not as lighter as dermabrasion will. As the skin heals, a skin that is smoother and lighter results.. Laser skin lightning: This involves use of laser abrasion to achieve a skin that is lighter. Concentrated beams of light which have the ability to kill melanin producing cells are directed to the skin. As a result, once the top skin layers are revealed, the skin left behind is lighter.. Cryosurgery: With this treatment, liquid nitrogen is used to destroy skin cells. With time, the skin sheds off and new skin regeneration is enhanced. It works great for dark spots but can also be used to lighten larger parts of the skin.. Skin bleaching: ...

Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1995 Sep-Oct;(5):10-3.. [The action of low-intensity infrared laser radiation on skin afferents] [Article in Russian] Ponomarenko GN, Enin LD.. Laser radiation modulates functional characteristics of mechanoreceptors. This inhibits impulse activity of the nerve endings from pain focus and reduces pain sensitivity of skin afferents, excitability of conductive nerve fibers. Changes in sensitivity become more pronounced with increasing duration of the exposure. By means of reflectory mechanism laser radiation may cause other general reactions of the body and enhance immune response of the skin ...

Abstract. Radiation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage DNA and most other biological macromolecules in skin and radiation-induced skin injury is a serious concern for radiation therapy. Skin possesses an extremely efficient antioxidant system, which is conferred by two systems: antioxidant enzymes and small molecules that can scavenge ROS by donating electrons. Amphibian skin is a multifunctional organ, which protects against dangers of various oxidative stresses. Recently, a small peptide called RP-1 was isolated from the skin secretions of Rana pleurade, which shows strong antioxidant activity. However, this RP-1 peptide is limited because its inability to across the cell membrane. Protein transduction domains (PTDs) have demonstrated high efficiency for facilitating the internalization of both homologous and heterogeneous proteins into cells. This study aims to elucidate the protective effects of a HIV-TAT (TAT) PTD-coupled RP-1 fusion protein (TAT-RP1) on radiation-induced skin ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - CD8+ T cells mediate RAS-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation through IFN-γ. AU - Gunderson, Andrew J.. AU - Mohammed, Javed. AU - Horvath, Frank J.. AU - Podolsky, Michael A.. AU - Anderson, Cherie R.. AU - Glick, Adam B.. PY - 2013/4. Y1 - 2013/4. N2 - The RAS signaling pathway is constitutively activated in psoriatic keratinocytes. We expressed activated H-RAS V12G in suprabasal keratinocytes of adult mice and observed rapid development of a psoriasis-like skin phenotype characterized by basal keratinocyte hyperproliferation, acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, intraepidermal neutrophil microabscesses, and increased T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th17 and T cell type 1 (Tc1)/Tc17 skin infiltration. The majority of skin-infiltrating CD8 + T cells coexpressed IFN-γ and IL-17A. When RAS was expressed on a Rag1-/- background, microabscess formation, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and keratinocyte hyperproliferation were suppressed. Depletion of CD8 +, but not CD4 +, T cells ...

Natural oils are commonly used in topical pharmaceutical formulations as emulsifiers, stabilizers or solubility enhancers. They are presented as safe and inert components, mainly used for formulation purposes. It is confirmed that natural oils can affect the skin penetration of various substances. Fatty acids are mainly responsible for this effect. Current understanding lacks reliable scientific data on penetration of natural oils into the skin and their skin penetration enhancement potential. In the current study, fatty acid content analysis was used to determine the principal fatty acids in soybean, olive, avocado, sea-buckthorn pulp, raspberry seed and coconut oils. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry bioimaging was used to determine the distribution of these fatty acids in human skin ex vivo after application of the oils. Skin penetration enhancement ratios were determined for a perspective antioxidant compound dihydroquercetin. The results demonstrated skin penetration of fatty acids

BioAssay record AID 163866 submitted by ChEMBL: Inhibition of [3H]- PDBu binding to peptide D of mouse skin Protein kinase C eta (inactive).

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), the sebaceous gland and follicular keratinocytes are considered the three actors involved in the development of acne. This exploratory study investigated the characteristics of the skin microbiota in subjects with acne and determined microbiota changes after 28 days of application of erythromycin 4% or a dermocosmetic. Skin microbiota were collected under axenic conditions from come-dones, papulo-pustular lesions and non-lesional skin areas from subjects with mild to moderate acne according to the GEA grading using swabs. Samples were characterized using a high-throughput sequencing approach that targets a portion of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Overall, microbiota samples from 26 subjects showed an overabundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and an under-representation of Actinobacteria. Staphylococci were more abundant on the surface of comedones, pap-ules and pustules (P=.004 and P=.003 respectively) than on non-lesional skin. Their proportions increased

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Whole Skin Ointment is an ointment made from natural ingredients including Dioscorea, Propolis, Amurenete and sesame seed oil base. It is great for burns and skin condition.

Healthy skin is a pledge of persons attractiveness, which is extremely important for any lady. Unfortunately, not every woman can boast of ideal skin. Acne, scarring, wrinkles, skin pigmentation are our enemies in the war for healthy skin. Luckily, there are efficient methods of natural care and cosmetic procedures, which are our allies in this war, and the chances to win are quite high. Its very easy and good to apply natural masks with lemon juice for the skin, affected by acne, scarring or pigmentation. Lemon juice can be mixed with starch or honey. Such a mask is applied on the affected skin areas for 20 minutes. After, the mask is rinsed off thoroughly.. A positive effect is achieved from rubbing of the parsley juice into the skin. Skin, affected by pigmentation, can be also smeared in the mornings and evenings with the solution of lemon juice and water (1:10). You may substitute water by the infusion of parsley roots.. Commercial skincare products also include effective bleaching creams, ...

Definition of photoaged skin in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is photoaged skin? Meaning of photoaged skin as a legal term. What does photoaged skin mean in law?

Pharmacie En Ligne Viagra. Una farmacia con todo lo que necesitas. La compra Remeron Farmacia Online. University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy Online Courses. Maxalt online apotheke - No rx required when buying your medications. Wir bieten billige medikamente für die behandlung produkt beliebten krankheiten . Cialis 5mg Online Apotheke coumadin skin necrosis diagnosis. Ich hatte ein sehr gutes Angebot per . Online Apotheke Silagra. Compare Oracea 40 mg prices from verified online pharmacies or local U. Viagra is indicated for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. Universidad National College en Puerto Rico es una universidad enfocada en bachilleratos y grados asociados en enfermeria (presencial y en línea), coumadin skin necrosis diagnosis. online pharmacy valtrex. Online Apotheke Silagra. Lasix Pharmacy Online , Buy Online Without Prescription, No Prescription Required, Fast Delivery. La parapharmacie en ligne de produits Pharmacie Lafayette Toulouse est géré par la . Buy cialis ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Connection between the anti-organ and anti-nuclear titres of antilymphocyte sera and their inhibitory effect on skin graft rejection in mice.. AU - Fekete, B.. AU - Petrányi, G.. AU - Szegedi, G.. AU - Szabó, G.. PY - 1971. Y1 - 1971. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0015168775&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0015168775&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 4948255. AN - SCOPUS:0015168775. VL - 5. SP - 419. EP - 423. JO - Haematologia. JF - Haematologia. SN - 0017-6559. IS - 4. ER - ...

Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Although both patient groups show strongly impaired skin barrier function, only AD patients frequently suffer from cutaneous viral infections. The mechanisms underlying the distinct susceptibilities to these pathogenetic and often life-threatening infections are unknown. We show that antiviral proteins (AVPs) such as MX1, BST2, ISG15, and OAS2 were strongly elevated in psoriatic compared to AD lesions and healthy skin. Of 30 individually quantified cytokines in psoriatic lesions, interleukin-29 (IL-29) was the only mediator whose expression correlated with the AVP levels. IL-29 was absent in AD lesions, and neutralization of IL-29 in psoriatic skin reduced AVP expression. Accordingly, IL-29 raised AVP levels in isolated keratinocytes, epidermis models, and human skin explants, but did not influence antibacterial protein production. AVP induction correlated with increased antiviral defense of ...

Abstract: Microdialysis is a minimally invasive technique often paired with laser Doppler flowmetry to examine cutaneous microvascular function, yet presents with several challenges, including incompatibility with perfusion of highly lipophilic compounds. The present study addresses this methodological concern, with an emphasis on the independent effects of commonly used vehicle dialysis solutions to improve solubility of pharmacological agents with otherwise low aqueous solubility. Four microdialysis fibers were placed in the ventral forearm of eight subjects (4 men, 4 women; 25 ± 1 yr) with sites randomized to serve as 1) control (lactated Ringers), 2) Sodium carbonate- bicarbonate buffer administered at physiological pH [SCB-HCl; pH 7.4, achieved via addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl)], 3) 0.02% ethanol, and 4) 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). After baseline (34°C), vehicle solutions were administered throughout a standardized local heating protocol to 42°C. Laser Doppler flowmetry provided ...

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This post is going to bring us back to the question: What is your skin type? (See post: How To Identify Your Skin Type) When I ask this extremely important question, particularly over the phone where I can not see anything and have to rely on only my customers communication skills, and the response I get is sensitive, I start to get a little frustrated when it is not followed immediately with a more detailed explanation.. Sensitive skin.. Do you think that because your skin is all red, raw and dried up from using every product in out acne line all at once that you have sensitive skin? Probably not. Skin is sometimes delicate and doesnt respond nicely to isopropyl alcohol, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, alpha hydroxy acid, granular scrubs and clay masks all on the same day. It does not always mean you have sensitive skin. It may just mean you have normal skin and you are treating it badly.. When you tell a skin care salesperson I have sensitive skin with no follow up info, assume they are ...

H-ras transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (TBE-1) secrete a single major extracellular matrix metalloprotease which is not found in the normal parental cells. The enzyme is secreted in a latent form which can be activated to catalyze the cleavage of the basement membrane macromolecule type IV collagen. The substrates in their order of preference are: gelatin, type IV collagen, type V collagen, fibronectin, and type VII collagen; but the enzyme does not cleave the interstitial collagens or laminin. This protease is identical to gelatinase isolated from normal human skin explants, normal human skin fibroblasts, and SV40-transformed human lung fibroblasts. Based on this ability to initiate the degradation of type IV collagen in a pepsin-resistant portion of the molecule, it will be referred to as type IV collagenase. This enzyme is most likely the human analog of type IV collagenase detected in several rodent tumors. Type IV collagenase consists of three domains. Type IV collagenase ...

Malignant Melanoma Skin Cell Cancer. This stock medical illustration compares a normal skin section with melanoma, a highly malignant type of skin cancer that arises in melanocytes. Melanoma usually begins in a mole. In one image, the skin, fat and muscle are healthy and normal. In the other skin section, a melanoma is seen affecting the skin layer.

Survivin encoded by BIRC5 belongs to the group of proteins that inhibit apoptosis. It consists of the BIR and α-helical C domains. In addition to its inhibitory activity, it plays an important role in cell cycle regulation. Adalimumab is an immunosuppressive drug, a recombinant human anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody. It is used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the expression of BIRC5 and genes encoding apoptosis inhibitors (IAP), depending on the exposure time of the cells to adalimumab. The study material consisted of normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cultured under standard conditions in the presence of adalimumab (8µg/mL) for 2, 8 and 24 hours. The expression profile of genes associated with apoptosis was determined with the use of HG-U133A 2.0 oligonucleotide microarrays (Affymetrix). The comparative analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests (p,0.05) using the PL-Grid Infrastructure ...

Dermatotoxicologists have to protect workers and consumers from chemicals and consumer products that have the potential to i) irritate the skin or the eyes (irritation), ii) elicit toxic responses in combination with UV-light (phototoxicity), iii) corrode the skin (irreversible damage) or iv) sensitise the skin (caused by immunological mechanisms).. Traditionally these tests have been carried out in animals. Critics point out that the results have a limited predictive value for humans, and oppose the suffering involved in these in vivo tests (e.g. the Draize test for skin irritation). Recent advances in our understanding of skin biology have resulted in the development of in vitro tests using cell cultures, skin excised from rat, pig or humans, and reconstructed human skin models. International acceptance of animal-free approaches is high for the detection of severe acute irritants, of phototoxic compounds and of corrosives using a sequential testing strategy with a weight-of-the-evidence ...

Nitric Oxide, or NO is an incredibly simple molecule, a nitrogen and an oxygen that are stuck together with 2 bonds. NO is very important for many things, most importantly it lowers blood pressure. Healthy human skin tissue contains significant quantities of nitrite. Stores of nitrites can be turned into nitric oxide. Every cell type in human skin is able to produce nitric oxide by several mechanisms. Dietary nitrate represents an important source of cutaneous nitric oxide. Green leafy vegetables, beetroots, lettuce have a lot of these nitrites. Also carnivorous sources of arginine result in stores of nitric oxide; turkey, pork and chicken are good sources. Supplements such as arginine and citrulline may also be sources of dietary nitrate.. Nature has a reason for everything it does. Sunlight exposure increases skin production of nitric oxide, which can dilate the 60,000 miles of blood vessels we have in our body, and improve blood flow. Ultraviolet light from the sun, specifically UVA, is what ...

Microdermabrasion is a cosmetic procedure that rejuvenates the skin by encouraging faster turn over of the skin cells.. As we age, this cell turnover slows down. Normally, our skin renews itself every 28 days, but when things slow down, skin can look dry and dull, and the skin tone can look uneven. This is when it might be worth mentioning microdermabrasion to your clients.. How does microdermabrasion work?. Microdermabrasion causes very slight trauma to the skin, and when skin experiences any sort of damage or trauma, its natural healing mechanism kicks in, and it speeds up the renewal of the skin cells.. What does it involve? A microdermabrasion machine sprays a fine mist of exfoliating grains on to the clients skin. As well as exfoliating, the machine also has a sucking action, which can help to improve the skins circulation and work on skin health in the deeper levels of the skin too.. During the treatment The therapist gently moves a wand over the skin, which sprays the clients face with ...

MONDAY, Oct. 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) - Pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have a different skin phenotype from that of adult patients, according to a study published online Sept. 23 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.. Hitokazu Esaki, M.D., from the Icahn University of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, and colleagues characterized early pediatric AD skin phenotype using biopsies from 19 AD children aged younger than 5 years within six months of disease onset. Biopsies were assessed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared with adult AD, psoriasis, and pediatric and adult controls.. The researchers found that, compared with adult AD, children showed comparable or greater epidermal hyperplasia and cellular infiltration in lesional skin. Strong activation of Th2 and Th22 axes, and some Th1 skewing were present, similar to adults. Compared with adults, children had significantly higher induction of Th17-related ...

A skin biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of skin is removed from the patients body. The sample is then examined under a microscope to see any abnormalities.. There are three main types of skin biopsy, differentiated by the procedure used to obtain the skin sample: a punch biopsy, a shave biopsy, and an excisional biopsy.. The skin is made up of multiple layers, including the epidermis (outermost layer), the dermis (middle layer), and the hypodermis (the innermost layer). In a punch biopsy, a circular instrument is used to take a deep layer of the skin with all the three layers. For a shave biopsy, a razor-like tool is used to obtain a small section from the upper layers of the skin. In an excisional biopsy, a scalpel or small knife is used to excise an area of the skin.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - IL-32 is increased along with tryptase in lesional psoriatic skin and is up-regulated by substance P in human mast cells. AU - Kempuraj, Duraisamy. AU - Conti, Pio. AU - Vasiadi, Magdalini. AU - Alysandratos, Konstantinos Dionysios. AU - Tagen, Michael. AU - Kalogeromitros, Dimitrios. AU - Kourelis, Taxiarchis. AU - Gregoriou, Stamatios. AU - Makris, Michael. AU - Stavrianeas, Nikolaos G.. AU - Theoharides, Theoharis C.. PY - 2010/11/1. Y1 - 2010/11/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78649866448&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=78649866448&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1684/ejd.2010.1110. DO - 10.1684/ejd.2010.1110. M3 - Letter. C2 - 21047723. AN - SCOPUS:78649866448. VL - 20. SP - 865. EP - 867. JO - European Journal of Dermatology. JF - European Journal of Dermatology. SN - 1167-1122. IS - 6. ER - ...

If the views of the layers, the top layer of skin called the epidermis. At this layer consists of five layers, the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum and stratum corneum.. Two of the top layer, ie stratum lucidum and stratum corneum, is flat and dry skin cells, water resistant and serves to protect the skin. Cells and exfoliates the skin will change began in the stratum basale up to the surface of the skin in one month.. Well, as it aims to make drawings or writings lasting, eventually drawing the tattoo to be injected deeper penetrating layers of epidermis. Not finished just there, there are other effects if the skin layer torn to pieces. Injection of tattoo ink in the skin layer will trigger an immune system reaction (immune) body, which ironically would make the tattoo stuck on the skin longer.. Skin cells that attack foreign substances called phagocytes or phagocytes (cell-eaters). Eater cells will engulf and consume the ink particles. Then, fibroblasts ...

Microcirculation accounts for about 99% of blood vessels in adults and mediates between the arterial and venous parts of the cardiovascular system, both structurally and functionally. Skin microcirculation consists of two vascular plexuses: superficial and deep. Microcirculation includes vessels...

How deep can drugs penetrate into your skin?. We presented our new skin penetration study with saturated phospholipids at the 11th PBP world meeting, on 22 March, 2018 in Granada.. The Phospholipid Research Center and Lipoid GmbH tracked topically applied phospholipids among other skin lipids - with the help of Lipotype lipidomics.. Many dermatological products contain phospholipids whose properties change with their saturation. Saturated lipids are gel-like at body temperature, while unsaturated lipids are more liquid. This influences drug delivery and interactions with skin.. Download poster (PDF) ...

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95% of epidermis is represented by keratinocytes; other cells to be found in epidermis are melanocytes, Merkel cells (touch cells with possible neuroendocrine role) and Langerhans cells (antigen-presenting cells). Keratinocytes proliferate in the stratum germinativum and further move up to more outside layers when they undergo cell differentiation; they change the shape and composition. Stratum corneum consists of cells without nuclei. During these changes keratinocytes form desmosomes (junctions between cells), they produce and secrete lipids as well as keratin which form extracellular matrix. Through desquamation keratinocytes from the outermost layer (stratum corneum) shed from the surface. Epidermis does not have blood vessels; nourishment comes via diffusion from capillaries from the upper dermis. Epidermal appendages (hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands) play an important role in re-epithelialization after epidermis is destroyed as they are the source of the epithelial cells ...

Lipids in the stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients differ substantially in composition from healthy subjects. We hypothesized that hyperactivated type 2 immune response alters AD skin lipid metabolism. We have analyzed stratum corneum lipids from nonlesional and lesional skin of AD subjects and IL-13 skin-specific Tg mice. We also directly examined the effects of IL-4/IL-13 on human keratinocytes in vitro. Mass spectrometric analysis of lesional stratum corneum from AD subjects and IL-13 Tg mice revealed an increased proportion of short-chain (N-14:0 to N-24:0) NS ceramides, sphingomyelins, and 14:0-22:0 lysophosphatidylcholines (14:0-22:0 LPC) with a simultaneous decline in the proportion of corresponding long-chain species (N-26:0 to N-32:0 sphingolipids and 24:0-30:0 LPC) when compared with healthy controls. An increase in short-chain LPC species was also observed in nonlesional AD skin. Similar changes were observed in IL-4/IL-13-driven responses in Ca2+-differentiated human ...