The Merck Index* Online | Scopoletin | Monograph containing literature references, physical and biological properties and relevant information

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (eCAM) is an international peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that seeks to understand the sources and to encourage rigorous research in this new, yet ancient world of complementary and alternative medicine.

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Glutathione (GSH) plays crucial roles in various biological functions, the level alterations of which have been linked to varieties of diseases. Herein, we for the first time expanded the application of oxidase-like property of MnO2 nanosheet (MnO2 NS) to fluorescent substrates of peroxidase. Different from previously reported fluorescent quenching phenomena, we found that MnO2 NS could not only largely quench the fluorescence of highly fluorescent Scopoletin (SC) but also surprisingly enhance t

In some countries, including India, the belief persists that watching a solar eclipse may be so stressful that it is bad for ones health. British researchers Omar Mian at Manchester University and Rubina Mian and Doug Thake at Coventry University were skeptical of tales about eclipses making people sick, and even causing deformities in unborn babies. To find out if there was any evidence either way, Rubina Mian took her graduate students to a field in Briey, France, to watch the 1999 summer eclipse. By analysing their blood samples with a luminometer, the researchers found that leukocyte activity increases by 8.7 percent during the eclipse. These white blood cells usually help our immune system, but if overstimulated they can damage DNA by releasing free radicals. Experiments after the eclipse showed that darkness, silence and temperature had no effect on leukocyte activity. But in other studies being prepared for publication, Rubina Mian has found that stress can have a big effect.. If ...

A new cytotoxic beta-carboline alkaloid, 1-methyl-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-(5-methoxy-9H-beta-carbolin-1-yl)-cyclopentanol (1), was isolated from roots of Galianthe thalictroides, together with the alkaloid 1-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-(5-methoxy-9H-beta-carbolin-1-yl)-cyclopentanol (2), the anthraquinones 1-methyl-alizarin and morindaparvin-A, the coumarin scopoletin, homovanillic alcohol, (-)-epicatechin, and the steroids stigmast-4-en-3-one, 4,22-stigmastadien-3-one, campest-4-en-3-one, stigmast-4-en-3,6-dione, 6-beta-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one, stigmasterol, campesterol, beta-sitosterol, and beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Among the previously known compounds, homovanillic alcohol is a novel finding in Rubiaceae, while 1-methyl-alizarin, morindaparvin-A, scopoletin, stigmast-4-en-3-one, 4,22-stigmastadien-3-one, campest-4-en-3-one, stigmast-4-en-3,6-dione, and 6-beta-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one is reported for the first time in the genus Galianthe. The ...

Few nonphagocytic cells are known to generate reactive oxygen intermediates. Based on horseradish peroxidase-dependent, catalase-inhibitable oxidation of fluorescent scopoletin, seven human tumor cell lines constitutively elaborated H2O2 at rates (up to 0.5 nmol/104 cells/h) large enough that cumulative amounts at 4 h were comparable to the amount of H2O2 produced by phorbol ester-triggered neutrophils. Superoxide dismutase-inhibitable ferricytochrome c reduction was detectable at much lower rates. H2O2 production was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, a flavoprotein binder (concentration producing 50% inhibition, 0.3 µm), and diethyldithiocarbamate, a divalent cation chelator (concentration producing 50% inhibition, 3 µm), but not by cyanide or azide, inhibitors of electron transport, or by agents that inhibit xanthine oxidase, polyamine oxidase, or cytochrome P450. Cytochrome b559, present in human phagocytes and lymphocytes, was undetectable in these tumor cells by a sensitive ...

EN] Background: Secondary metabolites play an important role in the plant defensive response. They are produced as a defence mechanism against biotic stress by providing plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant weapons. In higher plants, the majority of secondary metabolites accumulate as glycoconjugates. Glycosylation is one of the commonest modifications of secondary metabolites, and is carried out by enzymes called glycosyltransferases. Results: Here we provide evidence that the previously described tomato wound and pathogen-induced glycosyltransferase Twi1 displays in vitro activity toward the coumarins scopoletin, umbelliferone and esculetin, and the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol, by uncovering a new role of this gene in plant glycosylation. To test its activity in vivo, Twi1-silenced transgenic tomato plants were generated and infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus. The Twi1- silenced plants showed a differential accumulation of Twi1 substrates and enhanced susceptibility to the ...

Jinu Jawa Noni is efficacy as a food: Pain relief and anti-inflammatory effect (Anthraquinones) Cellular regeneration (Xeronine) Antimicrobial Antiviral effect (Iridoid) Circulation of the blood (Scopoletin) Anti-Cancer effect (Damanacanthal) Antioxidant effect (Polyphenol)

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This morning, as our little family of three was scurrying around the house, brushing our teeth and trying to find shoes and making beds, our conversations seemed to keep hitting on school-related topics.. The boy and I were discussing his vocabulary words, and how he needed to finish writing some definitions after school today, and, as he grumbled a bit about it, Hubs shouted out, I always hated doing vocabulary words as a kid!. Later, we were discussing the boys math class, and the subject turned to fractions, which the boy actually aces. He understands that having six slices of a twelve-piece cheese pizza is far better than having four slices of the same pizza. My boy can manipulate the fractions just fine. Hubs, not wanting to be left out of the conversation, yelled out, I always hated fractions as a kid!. Eventually, the boy and I were tallying his weekly reading log, and I commented that he was doing a fantastic job this week of accumulating a mass of minutes spent with his nose pushed ...

Plant Disease 85:96.1-96.1...Plant Disease 85:96.1-96.1...Collar and Root Rot of Olive Trees Caused by Phytophthora megasperma in Sicily...S. O. Cacciola , Istituto di Patologia Vegetale, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy ; and G. E. Agosteo and G. Magnano di San Lio , Dipartimento di Agrochimica ed Agrobiologia, University of Reggio Calabria, 89061 Gallina di Reggio Calabria...

Accepted November 29, 2011.. Abstract. The MeOH extract of Cupania dentata bark (Sapindaceae) as well as its hexane, CH2Cl2, EtOAc, and BuOH fractions showed high activity against Giardia lamblia trophozoites (IC50 = 2.12 9.52 μg/mL). The phytochemical study of fractions resulted in the isolation of taraxerone (1), taraxerol (2), scopoletin (3), and two mixtures of steroidal compounds. Taraxerone was the metabolite with the highest giardicidal activity (IC50 = 11.33 μg/mL).. Key words: Cupania dentata, Sapindaceae, giardicidal activity, taraxerone, taraxerol, scopoletin, sterols.. Resumen. El extracto MeOH de Cupania dentata corteza (Sapindaceae) así como sus fracciones de hexano, CH2C12, AcOEt y BuOH mostraron gran actividad contra los trofozoítos de Giardia lamblia (CI50 = 2.12 9.52 μg/mL). El estudio fitoquímico de estas fracciones resultó en el aislamiento de taraxerona (1), taraxerol (2), escopoletina (3) y dos mezclas esteroidales. Taraxerona tuvo la más alta actividad giardicida ...

Vitamin A within the form of beta carotene is needed for easy skin and aids in preventing dryness. E) Antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic: With the presence of active compounds like anthraquinones, scopoletin and terpenes, Noni is effective against bacteria and fungus. I personally dont want all the food groups either because my needs are for healthy nutrition so sweets, fast foods, etc. The Keltner Channel is much like most channels or envelopes in that it makes use of three traces. Other than these there are a chunky monkey ice cream nutritional info of vitamins like riboflavin, folic acid, biotin and more that assist the physique nutririon good dietz watson nutritional information being even after a sure age. Fenugreek comprises some mannose and galactose. Many dietitians and nutritionists provide customized data for specific people. By the concept itself, a survey often commutates to getting results from random questionnaires and answers. When he chopoed chickens nytrition food plan ...

Human spermatozoa are compromised by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and detection of ROS in spermatozoa is important for the diagnosis of male infertility. The probes 2,7-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH), dihydroethidium (DHE), and MitoSOX red (MSR) are commonly used for detecting ROS by flow cytometry; however, these probes lack sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is particularly damaging to mammalian sperm cells. This study reports the synthesis and use of three aryl boronate probes, peroxyfluor-1 (PF1), carboxyperoxyfluor-1, and a novel probe, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxyperoxyfluor-1 (EEPF1), in human spermatozoa. PF1 and EEPF1 were effective at detecting H₂O₂ and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) produced by spermatozoa when stimulated with menadione or 4-hydroxynonenal. EEPF1 was more effective at detection of ROS in spermatozoa than DCFH, DHE, or MSR; furthermore it distinguished poorly motile sperm as shown by greater ROS production. EEPF1 should therefore have a ...

Human spermatozoa are compromised by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and detection of ROS in spermatozoa is important for the diagnosis of male infertility. The probes 2,7-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH), dihydroethidium (DHE), and MitoSOX red (MSR) are commonly used for detecting ROS by flow cytometry; however, these probes lack sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is particularly damaging to mammalian sperm cells. This study reports the synthesis and use of three aryl boronate probes, peroxyfluor-1 (PF1), carboxyperoxyfluor-1, and a novel probe, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxyperoxyfluor-1 (EEPF1), in human spermatozoa. PF1 and EEPF1 were effective at detecting H₂O₂ and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) produced by spermatozoa when stimulated with menadione or 4-hydroxynonenal. EEPF1 was more effective at detection of ROS in spermatozoa than DCFH, DHE, or MSR; furthermore it distinguished poorly motile sperm as shown by greater ROS production. EEPF1 should therefore have a ...

Eye Awake Serum uses the incredible oxidizing benefits properties of Hydrogen Peroxide in a soothing and comfortable Serum. Hydrogen Peroxide releases an abundance of oxygen directly to the skin.. Hydrogen Peroxide is a naturally occurring compound that serves many biological functions. lts chemical structure helps to deliver skin-nourishing oxygen.. As the chemical structure of the Hydrogen Peroxide (H202) breaks down into water (H20) and oxygen (0). The water provides moisturization, while the oxygen works to enhance the breathing and metabolic process that influences the development of new skin cells.. This process helps stimulate the production of collagen, providing a more youthful and healthy appearance.. An oxygen-rich environment helps nourish and sooth the skin. Eye Awake Serum also contains Hyaluronic acid. This ingredient occurs naturally within the skin and has the propensity to attract and retain water from the outside environment, making it an excellent moisturizer.. ...

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is known to play a multifaceted role in cell physiology mechanisms involving oxidative stress and intracellular signal transduction. Therefore, the development of analytical tools providing information on the dynamics of H2O2 generation remains of utmost importance to achieve further insight in the complex physiological processes of living cells and their response to environmental stress(1). In the present work we developed a novel optic biosensor that provides continuous real-time quantification of the dynamics of the hydrogen peroxide release from cells under oxidative stress conditions. The biosensor is based on the ultra-sensitive dark field optical detection of cytochrome c (cyt c) that exhibits a narrow absorption peaks in its reduced state (Fe(II)) at lambda = 550 nm. In the presence of H2O2 the ferrous heme group Fe(II) is oxidised into Fe(III) providing the spectroscopic information exploited in this approach. Extremely low limit-of-detection for H2O2 down to ...

Nettle root contains sterols including beta-sitosterol, and lignans, such as pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol, dehydroconiferyl alcohol and neo-olivil. The triterpenes, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, and their derivatives, and a lectin mixture known as Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA) are also present. Root extracts may be standardised to its content of beta-sitosterol, scopoletin and amino acids (The United States Ph 32).. The leaves contain flavonoids, mainly kaempferol, isorhamnetin and quercetin glycosides, and caffeic acid derivatives. Extracts may be standardised to caffeoylmalic acid and chlorogenic acid expressed as chlorogenic acid (British Ph 2009, European Ph, 6th ed., 2008 and Supplements 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4). Note that histamine, formic acid, acetylcholine, acetic acid and 5-hydroxytryptamine, which form the sting when the fresh leaf is touched, are denatured during drying and processing.. ...

The main constituents of Angelica are the volatile oils, valeric acid, angelic acid, angelicin, safrole, scopoletin, and linoleic acid, making it useful in the treatment of fevers, colds, coughs, flatulent colic and other stomach disorders. A medicinal infusion made from stems, seeds, or root is carminative, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, sedative, stomachic and tonic.. Angelica contains vitamin B12, Zinc, Thiamin, Sucrose, Riboflavin, Potassium, Magnesium, Iron, Fructose, Glucose, and many other trace minerals.. Externally it is used as a medicinal gargle for sore throats and mouths and, particularly, the leaf, as a medicinal poultice for broken bones, swellings, itching and rheumatism. An infusion of Angelica root, used as a wash for the face, is said to prevent acne. A powder made from the dried root is used for athlete s foot, as well as an insecticide and pesticide.. It has an antibacterial action, preventing the growth of various bacteria.. It is used to flavour many liqueurs such as Chartreuse ...

Three new flavonoids, 5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyhomoflavone (1), 5,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyhomoflavone (2) and 3,6,7,8,2′,5′- hexamethoxyflavone (3) were isolated from the peels of mature fruits of Citrus unshiu Marcow (Rutaceae), together with the three known compounds 6,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (=6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1- benzopyran-4-one), 3,5,7,8,2′,5′-hexamethoxyflavone (=2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetramethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), and scopoletin (=7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) of which the former two have never been isolated from natural resources, although they have been reported as synthetic compounds. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, including 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis. Copyright © 2012 Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG, Zürich, Switzerland ...

Dowco 269 [2-chloro-6-methoxy-4-(trichloromethyl) pyridine] effectively controlled Phytophthora cinnamomi on rhododendron. Soil drenches (300 µg/ml) before inoculation prevented root rot, whereas drenches applied after inoculation did not. Dexon drenches were ineffective. Ethazole was less effective than Dowco 269, but a 375-µg/ml drench prevented root rot. In greenhouse tests, a 100-µg/ml drench or 1.12 kg/hectare(ha) furrow treatment of Dowco 269 effectively controlled soybean root rot caused by Phytophthora megasperma var. sojae. Furrow treatment with ethazole (1.12 kg/ha) was equally effective, but phytotoxic. Slight stunting was caused by 2.24 kg/ha Dowco 269. Foliar sprays with Dowco 269 delayed appearance of rhododendron and soybean root rot symptoms, indicating that systemic uptake of Dowco 269 by leaves and stems, and movement into roots may occur. Dowco 269 does not eradicate P. cinnamomi or P. megasperma var. sojae, race 1, from infected rhododendron or soybean plants.. Additional ...

Phytophthora root rot, caused by Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. medicaginis Kuan and Erwin (Pmm), is a major cause of decline of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Three different inheritance modes for resistance to Pmm have been proposed and independently inherited resistances could be combined into a single alfalfa population. The objective of this study was to determine if genetic factors conditioning resistance to Pmm from diploid (2n 2x = 16) and tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32) alfalfa are independently inherited. Resistance to Pmm was transferred from the 4x alfalfa plant M193 to the 2x level by use of triploid-bridge crosses, and the inheritance of resistance in the derived diploids DDR-850, DDR- 1049, DDR- 1051, and DDR-1070 was studied. Each derived diploid was crossed as the female and male parent with susceptible 2x plants. Progeny were grown in the greenhouse in pots containing a peat:sand mix and inoculated at $ weeks with a chopped mycelial suspension of Pmm. Resistance in ...

Sixteen compounds were extracted and purified from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. These compounds include aporphines, oxoaporphine, coumarin, sesquiterpene lactone, benzenoids, cyclitol and steroids. (+)-Norstephalagine (2) (an aporphine) and scopoletin (8) (a coumarin) were isolated from Liriodendron tulipifera leaves from the first time. The identified compounds were screened for their antiradical scavenging, metal chelating and ferric reducing power activities. The results have showed that these compounds have antioxidative activity. The study has also examined the chemopreventive property of the isolated compounds against human melanoma cells A375. The results shown that (−)-anonaine (1), (−)-liridinine (3), (+)-lirinidine (6), lysicamine (7) and epitulipinolide diepoxide (9) significantly inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells. These results revealed that these compounds have antioxidative activity and chemopreventive activity in skin melanoma cells.

Is Resveratrol (3,5,4-trihydroxy-tras-stilbene) a stilbenoid, i ndáil le cineál feanól nádúrtha, agus a phytoalexin arna dtáirgeadh ag plandaí éagsúla mar fhreagra ar ghortú nó nuair a bhíonn an planda faoi ionsaí ag pataiginí nós bac .. .. ...

Several recent studies have provided compelling evidence for increased ROS generation in the vascular tissues of SHR.13 22 23 24 For instance, using fluorescence microscopy, Suzuki et al23 have demonstrated enhanced superoxide production in mesenteric arterioles of SHR in vivo. Likewise Grunfeld et al24 have reported increased superoxide generation in cultured aortic endothelial cells from SHR compared with corresponding cells from WKY. Moreover, Cosentino et al13 have shown increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide release in aortic strips prepared from SHR. ROS are thought to contribute to the generation and/or maintenance of hypertension in SHR by several mechanisms. These include inactivation of endothelium-derived NO,12 14 nonenzymatic generation of vasoconstrictive F2-isoprostanes from arachidonic acid peroxidation,15 and depletion of the NOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin.13 The role of oxidative stress in the genesis and maintenance of hypertension in SHR is supported by amelioration of ...

1H NMR spectra of native fucan (A) and SNFuc in D2O at 25 °C (B) and Correlation Spectroscoy analysis (COSY spectrum) of SNFuc (C).

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