Green roofs have been recognized as an effective sustainable design tool to mitigate urban heat island (UHI) effects. Previous studies have identified green-roof benefits in cooling and energy-conservation at the building scale, with limited exploration of the wider influence on neighborhood microclimate and human thermal comfort (HTC). This paper investigated the impacts of community-scale green-roof installation on air temperature and HTC in five typical residential neighborhoods of subtropical Hong Kong. The microclimate models ENVI-met and RayMan permitted studies of two main green-roof scenarios, namely extensive (EGR) and intensive (IGR). Microclimatic monitoring data from a local experimental green-roof site validated the modeling methods. The results verified that green-roof cooling effects were not restricted to rooftops, but extended to the ground to improve neighborhood microclimate. EGR reduced pedestrian-level air temperature by 0.4-0.7 °C, and IGR by 0.5-1.7 °C, with maximum effect in

CiteSeerX - Scientific articles matching the query: Crow Search Algorithm Based on Neighborhood Search of Non-Inferior Solution Set

It has long been posited by scientists that we need to have a better understanding in the role that larger contextual factors -- like neighborhood quality and the built environment -- may have on the nations obesity crisis. This paper explores whether maternal perceptions of neighborhood quality affect childrens bodyweight outcomes, and whether racial and ethnic differences in such perceptions may explain any of the hitherto unexplained gap in bodyweight and obesity prevalence among Whites and minorities. The project uses data from the NLSY79 and the CoNLSY datasets. Results indicate that overall neighborhood quality is not significantly related to childrens bodyweight. However, one particular characteristic, namely whether or not the mother believes there is enough police protection in the neighborhood, is related. Lack of police protection has robust and significant effects on the BMI-percentile of the children, though it has less robust effects on the risk of becoming obese per se. ...

This study shows that individual factors such as country of origin and educational level are strong determinants of the proportion of persons with low leisure time physical activity in the neighbourhoods. In the crude model, there were small but significant neighbourhood differences in physical inactivity. After adjustment for a variety of individual factors (age, sex, country of origin, educational level) the neighbourhood differences in physical inactivity disappeared. The social participation variable, measured at the individual level, was significantly associated with physical inactivity, and strongly affected the neighbourhood differences in physical inactivity. The contextual migration variable was not significantly associated with individual physical inactivity, and did not affect the neighbourhood differences in physical inactivity. The results of this study thus suggest that leisure time physical inactivity is mainly affected by individual factors, and that the small neighbourhood ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Neighborhood Cohesion as a Buffer Against Hostile Maternal Parenting. AU - Silk, Jennifer S.. AU - Sessa, Frances M.. AU - Morris, Amanda Sheffield. AU - Steinberg, Laurence. AU - Avenevoli, Shelli. PY - 2004/3/1. Y1 - 2004/3/1. N2 - This study explored the moderating effects of childrens neighborhoods on the link between hostile parenting and externalizing behavior. Participants were 1st- or 2nd-grade children in an urban northeastern community. Children were administered the Parenting and Neighborhood scales of the Child Puppet Interview, and mothers completed questionnaires on neighborhood quality and parenting practices. Census tract measures of neighborhood quality and teachers reports of childrens externalizing behavior also were obtained. Results indicated that childrens and mothers perceptions of neighborhood involvement-cohesion buffered the link between hostile parenting and externalizing problems. Childrens externalizing behavior was unrelated to census tract ...

The objective of the Seattle Neighborhoods and Crime Survey (SNCS) was to test multilevel theories of neighborhood social organization and criminal violence. It was funded by the National Science Foundation (SES-0004324), and the National Consortium on Violence Research (SBR-9513040). Using the concept of differential neighborhood organization, the investigators posited that neighborhood crime is a function of informal social control against crime and informal organization in favor of crime. Informal neighborhood control against crime consists of neighborhood attachment, social capital, and collective efficacy. The study tested the hypothesis that individual social ties are explained by a rational choice model, which in turn produces neighborhood social capital that can be used to achieve collective goals. It also tested the hypothesis that neighborhoods rich in social capital had greater collective efficacy, which in turn, helped produce safe neighborhoods. Organization in favor of crime ...

Social capital, referring to the quality and quantity of social relationships in a community, and the socioeconomic characteristics of neighbourhoods are considered influential determinants for the mental well-being of residents,1-3 but most of the empirical evidence on these relationships is limited in several ways. Cross-sectional studies cannot distinguish between social causation and social selection/drift mechanisms. For example, poor mental health may constrain individuals to migrate into, or remain in, neighbourhoods with worse conditions.1 2 A further, and equally critical, limitation of the cross-sectional design for this research area is the absence of the life course approach.. While common mental disorders can occur at any age, the first onset of major depression most likely occurs during young adulthood. Consequently, depression onset in young adulthood is a powerful predictor of chronic depression or recurrent depressive episodes in later life.4 Therefore, understanding the links ...

FRIDAY, Sept. 6, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- Growing up in a poor neighborhood significantly increases kids odds of becoming obese adults, and the risk is highest among teens, a new study says.. It found that children from poor neighborhoods had 31% higher odds for adult obesity, and the risk was much higher (29%) among 11- to 18-year-olds than for younger children (13%).. Growing up in a disadvantaged neighborhood sticks with you, and can have a negative impact on ones health through increasing ones chance of obesity in adulthood, said lead author Steven Alvarado, a professor of sociology at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y.. Disadvantaged neighborhoods were defined by seven factors, including median income and home values, and the percentage of residents who were living in poverty, unemployed or had earned bachelors degrees.. To account for other factors that can influence a childs obesity risk -- such as genes and their parents behaviors -- Alvarado compared siblings.. Siblings largely ...

Social disorganization theory is one of the most enduring place-based theories of crime. Developed by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay, this theory shifted criminological scholarship from a focus on the pathology of people to the pathology of places. Shaw and McKay demonstrated that delinquency did not randomly occur throughout the city but was concentrated in disadvantaged neighborhoods in-or adjacent to-areas of industry or commerce. These impoverished neighborhoods were in a constant state of transition, experiencing high rates of residential mobility. They were also home to newly arrived immigrants and African Americans. In these areas children were exposed to criminogenic behavior and residents were unable to develop important social relationships necessary for the informal regulation of crime and disorder. Social disorganization theory held a distinguished position in criminological research for the first half of the 20th century. Although the theory lost some of its prestige during the 1960s ...

ObjectivesFew studies have examined whether social characteristics of the residential environment are associated with blood pressure after controlling for individual sociodemographic characteristics. Even less is known about the processes by which these associations operate. Therefore, we examined w

Abstract: Background: Social features of neighbourhood environments may influence smoking by creating a stressful environment or by buffering stress through social cohesion. However, the association of the overall neighbourhood social environment (NSE) with smoking, and the association of specific neighbourhood social factors with change in smoking behaviour over time, has rarely been examined. Methods: This study included 5856 adults aged 45-84 years from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2000-2012, average follow-up: 7.8 years). Outcomes included current smoking status and smoking intensity (average number of cigarettes smoked per day among baseline smokers). NSE was assessed as a composite score composed of aesthetic quality, safety and social cohesion scales (derived from neighbourhood surveys). Generalised linear mixed models evaluated the association of baseline NSE (composite score and individual scales) with current smoking (modified Poisson models) and smoking intensity ...

Im contacting you about Sober Living Homes. Long-term, residential neighborhoods are essential to the health, fabric and safety of our communities. Recovery Residences are businesses, compensated through health insurance funding. The combined Fair Housing Act and ADA have been misconstrued to entitle recovery businesses to operate transient housing in zones set aside for permanent ownership and residency when transient housing is not an accommodation needed or even desirable for addiction recovery. The Fair Housing Act must be amended to clarify that cities may relegate transient housing to neighborhoods designated for such. In addition, federal law must ensure the safety of recovering addicts and their neighbors across the country. Please support all legislation that clearly defines and penalizes false advertising, patient brokering, insurance fraud, kickbacks and under-the-table dealings in the residential rehabilitation industry ...

Voorhees, C., Catellier, D., Ashwood, S., Cohen, D., Rung, A., Lytle, L., & et al, . U. (2009). Neighborhood socioeconomic status and non school physical activity and body mass index in adolescent girls. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 6(6), 731 - 740 ...

Background: Smoking is a major public health problem worldwide. Research has shown that neighbourhood of residence is independently associated with the likelihood of individuals smoking. However, a fine comprehension of which neighbourhood characteristics are involved and how remains limited. In this study we examine the relative contribution of objective (police-recorded) and subjective (resident-perceived) measures of neighbourhood crime on residents smoking behaviours.. Methods: Data from 2,418 men and women participating in the 2007/8 sweep of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study were analyzed. Smoking status and perceived crime were collected through face-to-face interviews with participants. Police-recorded crime rates were obtained from the Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics website at the datazone scale. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for the likelihood of current smoking using logistic regression models. Adjusted mean daily amount smoked and F ...

This paper aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of drug-related police interventions and the neighborhood characteristics influencing these spatial patterns. To this end, police officers ranked each census block group in Valencia, Spain (N = 552), providing an index of drug-related police interventions. Data from the City Statistics Office and observational variables were used to analyze neighborhood characteristics. Distance to the police station was used as the control variable. A Bayesian ecological analysis was performed with a spatial beta regression model. Results indicated that high physical decay, low socioeconomic status, and high immigrant concentration were associated with high levels of drug-related police interventions after adjustment for distance to the police station. Results illustrate the importance of a spatial approach to understanding crime.

In this study, we investigated the association of individual and neighbourhood SES with PA and ST among seventh grade school students. The individual SES of the students in our study sample, measured with the FAS, was significantly associated with ST. Students with lower SES were more likely to spend more than 2 hours per day viewing screen devices. Compared with high SES, low SES was more strongly associated with ST than middle SES. Similar results were found in other studies.16 46 47 Potential reasons for these findings are that parents with better education and higher statuses may be more aware of the health consequences of excessive ST and thus have stricter rules regarding ST behaviour.48 Children from families with lower SES may also more often have a TV in their room, which has been shown to be associated with higher ST levels.49 Moreover, it is well known that parents have an important role-modelling function, which influences childrens behaviours, such as screen viewing.50 Since ...

Research has shown that poverty is a greater predictor of educational disparities than race, despite the national focus on racial disparities. Further, living in disadvantaged neighborhoods that are characterized by qualities such as high poverty and unemployment can place a double burden on already poor students, further undermining educational achievement and future success. Neighborhood disadvantage is linked to a range of poor academic outcomes, yet only recently has research begun to explore the processes underlying the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and these outcomes. Drawing on ecological theory, the following study proposes to examine how multiple settings relate to student outcomes. Given the importance of schools on student outcomes and the lack of attention given to schools in the neighborhood literature, this study will examine how school climate and school type relate to neighborhoods and student outcomes. Specifically, this study proposes that neighborhood disadvantage is

Neighborhood characteristics partially diminish racial differences in obesity. Weight management for the SCI population should target those who are Hispanic and living in the disadvantaged neighborhoods.

The City has called on residents to comment on the draft local spatial development framework (LSDF) for Masiphumelele.. The draft proposes a vision for the area and guidance on how it should be developed.. Masiphumelele, which was established in 1992 with 500 houses, now has an estimated population of around 38 000 people with 90% of residents living in informal structures.. Mayoral committee member for spatial planning and environment, Marian Nieuwoudt, said: The draft spatial vision for Masiphumelele is for the neighbourhood to be well integrated with the surrounding area so that residents can have easy access to job and other opportunities; for households to have a wide range of choices when it comes to residential opportunities, and for Masiphumelele to contribute to tourism, manufacturing, and the local economy. It is a broad vision, and must be sufficiently flexible to adapt to changing circumstances and need.. The main objectives of the draft LSDF are to:. • To provide a development ...

The obesity phenomenon in Malaysia is becoming increasingly worrying as it is closely linked to deteriorating health consequences. There has in fact been a significant growth in the literature identifying neighbourhood-level environment concerning food and built environment as influential factors of health-related outcomes. However, both of the environmental attributes mentioned have been rarely explored collectively in Malaysia to explain health behaviours and outcomes. Additionally, past studies tended to be based on objectively-measured data while ignoring subjectively-measured ones through self-reported perception of the environment. Self-reported perceptions were found to be as influential as objectively-gathered field data in studies of public health. As such, this study aimed to explain the obesity phenomenon through perceived neighbourhood environmental factors, health behaviours and Body Mass Index (BMI). Participants of the study comprised of 256 adults above the age of 18 years old in ...

The US Census Bureau defines rural areas as those that are not urban and at its most refined level of granularity is the Census block. Specifically, rural is defined as all territory, population, and housing units located outside of urban areas (UA) or urban clusters (UC; ref. 6). The UAs and UCs are determined by population density in census areas (i.e., population of ≥50,000 individual/square mile and population ≥10,000 individual/square mile, respectively). Core census block groups or census blocks that have a population density of at least 1,000 individuals/square mile and surrounding census blocks that have an overall density of at least 500 individuals/square mile are considered urban. While this seems straight forward, given that census blocks and core census block groups are smaller components of the larger spatial measure of census tract, there are situations where a single census tract may be composed of both urban and non-urban (i.e., rural) core census block groups or census ...

In this population-based cohort of older adults, greater neighborhood-level social cohesion was associated with significantly reduced risk of stroke mortality but not incident stroke. The association with stroke mortality was independent of known stroke risk factors and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status and was not attenuated by the control for individual-level measures of social network and engagement. Findings suggest that aspects of the neighborhood social environment may affect stroke risk among older adults, a demographic group in which neighborhood effects may be particularly salient.11. The observed protective effect of neighborhood cohesion on stroke mortality is consistent with previous studies. Neighborhood-level cohesion has been linked to heart disease,24 all-cause mortality,25 self-rated health,26,27 smoking,28 physical activity,29,30 hypertension,31 and measures of mental health.26,32 The findings of this study are also consistent with the overlapping literature on the health ...

Radioactive CesiumWith the exception of some very low California readings, all measurements of wood ash with fallout cesium exceeded - some by 100 times or more - the levels of radioactive cesium that may be released from nuclear plants (about 100 picocuries per kilogram of sludge). Wood ash cesium levels were especially high in the Northeast. [Science News, 1991]. Carcinogens Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH): Residential wood burning is the source of 50% of airborne Polynuclear Organic Material (POM) in the U.S. POM contain a group of compounds (PAH) which include many Class A carcinogens, the most carcinogenic materials known to exist. Air pollution measurements in a residential neighborhood on Christmas Day (the most wood smoke polluted day) showed early morning background levels of PAH of 20 ng/m3. The level increased as wood burning began, peaking at over 2000 ng/m3. The U.S. EPA estimates that the cancer risk from wood smoke is twelve times greater than from equal amounts of ...

In the study, researchers sought to test whether there are social factors that can buffer children from the negative effects of difficult neighborhood conditions, focusing on one particular factor they thought would be important in the lives of children - whether they had positive and supportive family relationships. We found significant interactions between neighborhood conditions and family relationship quality predicting clinical asthma outcomes, said Edith Chen, professor of psychology in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, faculty fellow at the Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern and lead author of the study. When children lived in neighborhoods that were high in danger and disorder, the better their family relationships, the fewer symptoms and activity limitations they had, and the better their pulmonary function.. In contrast, Chen said, when children lived in neighborhoods that were lower in danger and disorder, their symptoms, activity limitations and pulmonary ...

Pet owners in Seattle are furious over the actions a property manager has taken to keep dogs off her lawn. Cayenne pepper was intentionally dumped all over the

Google Street View has often been the subject of controversy. The latest: Google and Apple are facing a patent lawsuit for Street View technology used on the

Google Street View is the inspiration for a colon scope in development at McMaster University that would help detect signs of cancer.

Results corroborate previous studies that exposure to long-term PM2.5 is a risk factor for CVD, and this association cannot be explained by confounding by individual-level SES or NSES. Furthermore, the association was stronger for women residing in lower-SES neighborhoods.. Our results of effect modification by NSES are consistent with the hypothesis that those with low SES may be disproportionately affected by the adverse health effects of air pollution. Researchers documented that individuals with low SES and racial minorities experience higher exposure to air pollution (Hajat et al. 2015) and also suffer from worse health outcomes resulting from poverty and psychosocial stress in poor communities (Diez Roux et al. 2004). The combination of greater exposure to air pollution, poorer health, and fewer resources to cope with the effects of air pollution may result in increased susceptibility to air pollution-related health outcomes (ONeill et al. 2003). We see stronger effect modification for ...

Une excellente utilisation des photos et des captations de la plateforme Google Street View, par lartiste Aaron Hobson. Sa série « Cinemascap

Dulwich: Dulwich, fashionable residential neighbourhood in the Greater London borough of Southwark, part of the historic county of Surrey. It lies in the southern part of the borough

Welcome to Randolph, a traditional, small town community located about an hour north of Madison, bound by two counties, Dodge and Columbia and within 5 miles of fishing and recreational lakes, which include Beaver Dam Lake and Fox Lake. The village has a strong agricultural economic support from the many farmers in the area. It is proud of that heritage. Randolph offers peaceful residential neighborhoods, quality schools (public and parochial), a variety of churches and recreational opportunities, with a beautiful park and a pool. Randolph features a book and gift store, a resale store, a print shop, plumbing, heating and electrical shop, auto mechanics, gas and convenience stores, a large grocery store, beauty salons, a tanning salon, and more. There are home based businesses such as embroidery, screen printing and quilting. Randolph is proud to have two banks, a telephone and cable TV company, a pharmacy, a medical clinic, a chiropractic office, veterinarians, a dental office, several ...

Berki Ashcrafts framework, which recognized direct insurance policy characteristics and delivery process characteristics because the most significant features that influence customer decision when purchasing insurance, provided a complementary framework for comprehending individuals wellness insurance coverage choice habits. 3. Present legislations and policy documents on health insurance in SSA and empirical literature on neighborhood perceptions about MHI solution traits, and their romance to enrolment in MHI in SSA, provided evidence on how MHI is at present currently being implemented inside of SSA. and four. Attributes and attribute ranges employed in previous DCEs on customer preferences for overall health insurance coverage also gave insights into what characteristics of well being insurance can potentially be implemented within a DCE.. Guided by these insights from the literature, 3 of your authors derived a comprehen sive list of conceptual attributes and prospective attribute amounts ...

What is the Neighborhood Ownership Model?. In 2009, the residents of Lafayette Square were fed up with excessive crime in their neighborhood. They partnered with the Circuit Attorneys office and Law Enforcement to devise a plan to keep their neighborhood safe. The result of this partnership was the Neighborhood Ownership Model. The NOM provides a way for residents to actively participate in lowering crime and addressing quality of life issues in their neighborhood. Here are just a few examples of NOM components:. · Citizens on Patrol. · Neighborhood Impact Statements. · Victim Support. · Neighborhood Orders of Protection. · Technology-based solutions including cameras, crime alert emails, and phone chains. Each neighborhood can pick and choose which components are best suited to their needs. To date, there are 15+ neighborhoods that have implemented NOM components, including Holly Hills. These efforts on the part of citizens make a difference, as evidenced by the fact that Lafayette Square ...

Ravenna is a neighborhood in northeastern Seattle, Washington named after Ravenna, Italy. Though Ravenna is considered a residential neighborhood, it also is home to several businesses, many of which are located in the University Village, a shopping mall. Ravenna-Cowen Park, located near University Village and the walking or biking route connecting Green Lake to Burke-Gilman Trail, is a popular feature of the neighborhood. What is now Ravenna has been inhabited since the end of the last glacial period (c. 8000 BCE-10,000 years ago). The Native American Duwamish (before contact, the DkhwDuwAbsh, the People of the Inside) tribe of the Lushootseed (Skagit-Nisqually) Coast Salish nations had the prominent village of SWAH-tsoo-gweel (portage) on then-adjacent Union Bay, and what is now Ravenna was their backyard before the arrival of White settlers. The Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway was built c. 1886 along what is now the Burke-Gilman Trail, following what was the shoreline past where ...

Vermont Neighborhoods Program * * *. Sec. 2. 24 V.S.A. § 2791(15) is added to read:. (15) Vermont neighborhood means an area of land that is in a municipality with an approved plan, a confirmed planning process, zoning bylaws, and subdivision regulations, and is in compliance with all the following: (A) Is located in one of the following:. (i) a designated downtown, village center, new town center, or growth center; or. (ii) an area of land that is within the municipality and outside but contiguous to a designated downtown, village center, or new town center and is not more than 100 percent of the total acreage of the designated downtown, 50 percent of the village center, or 75 percent of the new town center.. (B) Contains substantially all the following characteristics:. (i) Its contiguous land, if any, complements the existing downtown district, village center, or new town center by integrating new housing units with existing residential neighborhoods, commercial and civic services and ...

This article examines the longitudinal relationship between moving to more socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods and weight gain as a cardiovascular risk factor.

Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. The city of Chicago was selected as the research site for the PHDCN because of its extensive racial, ethnic, and social-class diversity. The project collapsed 847 census tracts in the city of Chicago into 343 neighborhood clusters (NCs) based upon seven groupings of racial/ethnic composition and three levels of socioeconomic status. The NCs were designed to be ecologically meaningful. They were composed of geographically contiguous census tracts, and geographic boundaries, and knowledge of Chicagos neighborhoods were considered in the definition of the NCs. Each NC was comprised of approximately 8,000 people.. Longitudinal Cohort Study. For the Longitudinal Cohort Study, a stratified probability sample of 80 neighborhoods was selected. The 80 NCs were sampled from the 21 strata (seven racial/ethnic groups by three socioeconomic levels) with the goal of representing the 21 cells as equally as possible to eliminate the confounding between ...

Screen time activities (e.g., television, computers, video games) have been linked to several negative health outcomes among young people. In order to develop evidence-based interventions to reduce screen time, the factors that influence the behavior need to be better understood. High neighborhood disorder, which may encourage young people to stay indoors where screen time activities are readily available, is one potential factor to consider. Results are based on 15,917 youth in grades 6-10 (aged 10-16 years old) who participated in the Canadian 2009/10 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey (HBSC). Total hours per week of television, video games, and computer use were reported by the participating students in the HBSC student questionnaire. Ten items of neighborhood disorder including safety, neighbors taking advantage, drugs/drinking in public, ethnic tensions, gangs, crime, conditions of buildings/grounds, abandoned buildings, litter, and graffiti were measured using the HBSC student

Neighbourhood characteristics affect the social and economic opportunities of their residents. While a number of studies have analysed housing adjustments at different life stages, little is known about neighbourhood quality adjustments. Based on a model of optimal housing consumption we analyse the determinants of residential mobility and the neighbourhood quality adjustments made by those who move, drawing on data from the British Household Panel Survey and Indices of Multiple Deprivation. We measure neighbourhood quality both subjectively and objectively and find that not all life-course events that trigger moves lead to neighbourhood quality adjustments. Single people are negatively affected by leaving the parental home and couples by a husband s unemployment. Couples having a new baby move into better neighbourhoods.. ...

BACKGROUND: With an estimated one billion hypertension cases worldwide, the role of the built environment in its prevention and control is still uncertain. The present study aims to examine the associations between neighbourhood walkability and hypertension in a large and diverse population-based cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the association between neighbourhood walkability and blood pressure outcomes for N = 429,334 participants drawn from the UK Biobank and aged 38-73 years. Neighbourhood walkability was objectively modelled from detailed building footprint-level data within multi-scale functional neighbourhoods (1.0-, 1.5- and 2.0-kilometer street catchments of geocoded dwelling). A series of linear and modified Poisson regression models were employed to examine the association between walkability and outcomes of diastolic blood pressure (DBP in mmHg), systolic blood pressure (SBP in mmHg) and prevalent hypertension adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle and related physical

Adjusting by individual-level confounding factors, the MSEM model showed deviant peer associations as being the greatest influence for both types of adolescent aggressive behaviour, followed by harsh discipline. By contrast, parental supervision and pro-social peers exerted a very important protective role, particularly against delinquent behaviour. Consistent with three-level Rasch model results, neighbourhood social processes did not predict adolescents aggressive behaviour. The left-hand side of the Figure shows that structural neighbourhood factors indirectly exerted their effect on aggression and delinquency by increasing the risk of poor parenting and greater deviant peer affiliation.. DISCUSSION. This paper has investigated pathways linking neighbourhood characteristics to individual-level aggression and delinquency. The significance of the indirect effects indicated that structural neighbourhood conditions were important for adolescents aggressive behaviour, given that although they ...

TY - CHAP. T1 - Mediterranean lifestyle: Linking social life and behaviors, residential environment, and cardiovascular disease prevention. AU - Georgousopoulou, Ekavi. AU - George, Elena. AU - Mellor, Duane. AU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes. PY - 2020/7/10. Y1 - 2020/7/10. N2 - The Mediterranean diet was first described by the Seven Countries Study in the 1960s as a cardioprotective diet, as a pattern of eating that was traditionally prevalent among residents of the Mediterranean basin countries. Since then the Mediterranean dietary pattern has been extensively described and explored with respect to its health benefits and has been identified as one of the healthier diets in the world, being associated including in some cases causally as protective against cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, some cancer, mental health issues, cognitive decline, etc. While attempts have been made to explain the protective aspects of Mediterranean diet, research groups and foundations including the ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have observed that infectious intestinal disease (IID) related hospital admissions are higher in more deprived neighbourhoods. These studies have mainly focused on paediatric populations and are cross-sectional in nature. This study examines recent trends in emergency IID admission rates, and uses longitudinal methods to investigate the effects of unemployment (as a time varying measure of neighbourhood deprivation) and other socio-demographic characteristics on IID admissions for adults and children in England. METHODS: A longitudinal ecological analysis was performed using Hospital Episode Statistics on emergency hospitalisations for IID, collected over the time period 2012-17 across England. Analysis was conducted at the neighbourhood (Lower-layer Super Output Area) level for three age groups (0-14; 15-64; 65+ years). Mixed-effect Poisson regression models were used to assess the relationship between trends in neighbourhood unemployment and emergency IID admission rates,

Get this from a library! Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) : Physical Abuse Scale, Wave 2, 1997-2000. [Felton Earls; Jeanne Brooks-Gunn; Stephen W Raudenbush; Robert J Sampson; Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research.;] -- The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One ...

This article addresses the question of the structure of local child welfare activities in light of community-level factors. It poses the following research questions: how are different community-level factors related to child welfare client structures in communities and what is the extent to which these factors explain structural differences? The applied theoretical framework is based on social disorganization and strain theories as well as human developmental approach. The data has been collected from two Finnish national databases and it consists of variables containing 257 Finnish municipalities. The method of analysis is multinomial logistic regression. The results suggest that the local child welfare structures are tied to social disorganization, policing and culture as well as to the intensity of control in the communities. In general, the more fragile the communal structures, the more last-resort child welfare there is in the community. Combining fragile communal structures with weak ...

In the Netherlands, non-Western ethnic minority women make their first antenatal visit later than native Dutch women. Timely entry into antenatal care is important as it provides the opportunity for prenatal screening and the detection of risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this study we explored whether womens timely entry is influenced by their neighborhood. Moreover, we assessed whether ethnic minority density (the proportion of ethnic minorities in a neighborhood) influences Western and non-Western ethnic minority womens chances of timely entry into care differently. We hypothesized that ethnic minority density has a protective effect against non-Western womens late entry into care. Data on time of entry into care and other individual-level characteristics were obtained from the Netherlands Perinatal Registry (2000-2008; 97% of all pregnancies). We derived neighborhood-level data from three other national databases. We included 1,137,741 pregnancies of women who started care ...

BACKGROUND: Societies face the challenge of keeping people active as they age. Walkable neighborhoods have been associated with physical activity, but more rigorous analytical approaches are needed. OBJECTIVES: We used longitudinal data from adult residents of Brisbane, Australia (40 - 65 years of age at baseline) to estimate effects of changes in neighborhood characteristics over a 6-y period on the likelihood of walking for transport. METHODS: Analyses included 2,789 - 9,747 How Areas Influence Health and Activity (HABITAT) cohort participants from 200 neighborhoods at baseline (2007) who completed up to three follow-up questionnaires (through 2013). Principal components analysis was used to derive a proxy measure of walkability preference. Environmental predictors were changes in street connectivity, residential density, and land use mix within a onekilometer network buffer. Associations with any walking and minutes of walking were estimated using logistic and linear regression, including ...

Few studies consider how risk factors within multiple levels of influence operate synergistically to determine childhood obesity. We used recursive partitioning analysis to identify unique combinations of individual, familial, and neighborhood factors that best predict obesity in children, and tested whether these predict 2-year changes in body mass index (BMI). Data were collected in 2005-2008 and in 2008-2011 for 512 Quebec youth (8-10 years at baseline) with a history of parental obesity (QUALITY study). CDC age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were computed and children were considered obese if their BMI was ≥95th percentile. Individual (physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage intake), familial (household socioeconomic status and measures of parental obesity including both BMI and waist circumference), and neighborhood (disadvantage, prestige, and presence of parks, convenience stores, and fast food restaurants) factors were examined. Recursive partitioning, a method that generates a

Most Vancouver Neighbourhood Food Networks and neighbourhood houses focus on systems change work, supporting BIMPOC (Black, Indigenous, Multiracial and People of Colour) communities, including immigrants, migrants and refugees of all generations and walks of life, from youth to seniors. Their collective food justice work includes Indigenous land and food sovereignty advocacy, decolonization and anti-racism work, as well as poverty reduction, and community leadership development through participant-led projects like community kitchens and urban gardening. Emergency food response isnt at the core of most VNFN organizational missions, but member networks have filled the gaps out of necessity when the Greater Vancouver Food Bank food hubs hosted by local organizations were closed. This change meant the majority of people could no longer access food in their own neighbourhoods. The Greater Vancouver Food Bank says the decision to change the distribution model was based on BC health authorities ...

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

The four neighborhoods in Brooklyn with the highest avoidable adult asthma hospitalization rates are all over 83 percent black and Latino, and they also have some of the highest poverty rates in the borough. While showing the connections between race, poverty, and health on a microscopic level, the data also offers a glimpse into some of the reasons why the differences may be so high. In Brooklyn, most of the levels of particulate matter (as a form of air pollution) range from 8 to 9.5 micrograms per cubic meter. When it comes to housing quality, in six neighborhoods, 70 percent or more rented homes have at least one maintenance defect. All six of those neighborhoods are predominantly black and Latino, and four out of the six neighborhoods have high rates of asthma hospitalizations. Poor housing quality could mean the presence of mold or asbestos, which are associated with respiratory illnesses.. The most important thing about all of this data is that it shows a complete picture of how the ...

Media reports indicate that the image of an alleged birth on a pavement in Germany captured by Google Street View has been deleted from the site

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

Purpose.. Mortality and morbidity disparities exist in Colorectal Cancer (CRC). CRC screening rates differs among race/ethnicity, which contribute to these existing disparities. In response, multiple interventions have been developed and assed to address these gaps. Little is known about how efficacy varies across patient populations. In response, multiple interventions have been developed and assessed, including patient navigation. Little is known about how efficacy varies across socioenvironmental contexts.. Objective.. The study sought to examine the interactive effects of patient navigation and provider navigation with contextual factors (facility and residential neighborhood characteristics) on CRC screening uptake among a Chicago-based sample population.. Methods.. Two evidence-based CRC screening interventions were implemented at University of Illinois Mile Square Health Center (MSHC) clinics. The study eligible population was those: 1) Ages 50-75; 2) Had an appointment in 2014 or 2015; ...

The 11-day Inspire Arts festival will bring music, food and lots of art to highlight Lakewoods growing arts culture starting June 4. One of the featured events is the Classic Car and Hubcap Art Show, featuring the legendary Hub Cap Annie and her art.. 6. NO SUCH THING AS TOO MANY BUTTERFLIES. Denver Botanic Gardens at Chatfield was already plenty attractive to butterflies with its abundant plant life, but the facility decided to make things official with a new butterfly pavilion, featuring all Colorado-native butterflies and plants.. 7. GOLDEN SUPER CRUISE ADDING SPOTS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES. The huge Golden Super Cruise, which can attract 2,200 vehicles, is making room for the future of cars by offering a lot exclusively for electric vehicles like the sporty Tesla and the Chevy Volt.. 8. A VIEW OF NATURE SMACK IN THE MIDDLE OF THE CITY. The Majestic View Nature Center and Community Park is an 83-acre oasis of nature and wildlife, only blocks from Arvada residential neighborhoods and major ...

Washington Highlands is a residential neighborhood in Southeast Washington, D.C., in the United States. It lies within Ward 8, and is one of the poorest and most crime-ridden sections of the city. Most residents live in large public and low-income apartment complexes, although there are extensive tracts of single-family detached homes in the neighborhood. Washington Highlands is bounded by 13th Street SE on the northeast, Oxon Run Park on the northwest and southwest, and Southern Avenue on the southeast. The neighborhood is situated on a series of high hills overlooking the creek known as Oxon Run. It draws its name from the city of Washington, D.C., and the hills on which it was built. At the time of European colonization of North America, the area known as Washington Highlands was occupied by Nacotchtank tribe of Native Americans, a non-migratory band whose villages lined the northern and southern banks of the Anacostia River. The Nacochtanks were decimated by disease brought to the New World ...

Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako, Salako, who handed down the warning during a meeting with District Officers and Supervisory Directors at the Lagos State Physical Planning Permit Authority( LASPPPA) headquarters in Ikeja, Lagos, warned that the Government has declared zero tolerance to the siting of gas and petrol filling stations in densely populated areas.. He said that it had become expedient to discourage the propensity to establish gas and petrol stations indiscriminately in densely populated residential neighborhoods across the state in order to safeguard lives and properties of the citizens, while maintaining the sanctity of the built environment. He disclosed that only 17 gas filing stations had planning permit, vowing that all illegally built outlets as well as those operating in densely populated residential areas would be sealed off to avert further mishaps.. ...

Many factors are likely to have an important role in influencing adolescent dietary intake and weight status. Interventions aimed at increasing neighbourhood access to healthy foods, as well as other approaches, are needed.

On the National Historic Register in Pulaski, VA is Calfee Park. Built in 1935 by the Works Progress Administration, Calfee Park is nestled between a residential neighborhood and iconic Appalachian mountain views. Because of the close proximity to residential areas of Pulaski, some people can literally sit on their front porch and watch the game. Calfee Park is the oldest park in Appalachian League Baseball, but has undergone extensive renovation in recent years. Like all Appy League parks, fans at Calfee Park are extremely close to the action. The parks beautiful stone entrance gate still stands to greet fans to the park. ...

MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) - Faced with the threat of overburdened hospitals, states across the country are converting convention centers, sports facilities and performance spaces into backup treatment sites for coronavirus patients. Tennessee is no exception.. What rankles some Memphis residents is that in their city, a shopping center in the middle of a predominantly black, low-income residential neighborhood has been targeted.. City and state officials are concerned that an influx of patients from Memphis and nearby Mississippi, Arkansas and rural West Tennessee, will strain hospitals. Their fears are echoed across the country: Governors, mayors and health experts in numerous states are also researching and constructing makeshift medical facilities.. In New York City, theyre turning to the Javits Center convention site; in Chicago, the McCormick Place Convention Center, and in Sandy, Utah, the Mountain America Expo Center.. The Army Corps of Engineers has been scouting locations in Tennessee, and ...

Eugene Police were called to the area near the 700 block of West 11th alley at 7:35 p.m. on August 5 for armed subject. The suspect was observed shooting a pump-action shotgun in a residential neighborhood. Numerous Eugene Police units responded and an armored vehicle was utilized to maximize the safety of the officers, nearby residents, and the suspects. A public safety alert was sent out to residents nearby to shelter in place. Loud hails via a public address system and sirens were used to attempt contact. One male came out of the apartment residence a short time later and another fled back inside. After repeated hails and admonishments, the second male surrendered. Officers located numerous discharged shotgun shells and both males were arrested for Unlawful Use of a Weapon.. ...

DAY 4: FES - MOROCCOS TOUR OF SOUKS - MARKETS. ►After breakfast you will begin your guided tour of the souks and handicraft traditions in the medina, El Fès Bali, one of the worlds largest walled in cities.. ►Every souk is reflected in the value of the items sold. The makers and sellers are grouped together according to the products that they offer and every type of craft has its own street or part of the street which is centered around the kissaria, near the Zaouia of Moulay Idriss. The layout of the souk is a complex network of streets selling luxury goods like fine silks and brocades, high quality kaftans and jewelry. There are also souks like the El-Attarine Souk selling spices, a slipper souk and a henna souk, which is set in a shaded area planted with arbuses.. We will visit the following places:. ►Weavers Cooperative: We will also visit the Weavers Cooperative located in a residential neighborhood off a main shopping street. The workshop specializes in weaving the finest jellaba ...

Located in San Joaquin County, Lodi sits in the northern portion of Californias Central Valley and is quickly becoming known as one of Northern Californias top wine country destinations. Just 35 miles south of Sacramento and 90 miles east of San Francisco, Lodi is conveniently located near several attractions and just a quick drive from city activities. Mild Mediterranean climates, close proximity to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, and quaint residential neighborhoods offer plenty of enjoyment for adults and children alike ...

The outpouring of criticism at a meeting of the Clifton City Council came two weeks after a mentally ill man from one of the group homes wandered into a schoolyard and touched a youngster on the head. No one was hurt or charged in the incident, but it alarmed parents and focused attention on new group homes that had opened in residential neighborhoods ...

ARVADA, Colo. - Authorities say the man who was shot to death by suburban Denver police after holding a 13-year-old boy hostage for nearly 18 hours had a criminal record and was wanted for a parole violation.. Officers fatally shot 34-year-old Don Pooley on Tuesday when he went to the door of the house he was barricaded in to retrieve unspecified items left by negotiators, Arvada police said.. Members of a SWAT team immediately rescued the boy. A Denver Post photo shows an officer carrying the teen away in a bear hug.. Arvada Police Chief Don Wick said the standoff began in the residential neighborhood north of Denver after police responded to a domestic dispute call involving a man and woman at 5:30 p.m. Monday. The man fled, then forced his way into a nearby home and took as a hostage the 13-year-old who was home alone, police said.. The boys mother and brother arrived a short time later but were not taken hostage.. Police negotiated with the man, and aware that he was watching media reports, ...

Sort of odd to have this story as just last week, I was called to put down a Raccoon. The only difference is this one had climbed a utility pole sticking its face where it shouldnt have and blew the transformer fuse on a 7000 volt line. Those are loud as hell when they blow and needless to say it didnt do Mr. Raccoon any good. With the utility crew there trying to install a new fuse but a weird messed up Raccoon around their feet, they didnt know quite what to do. So, they did what any red blooded American would do embracing indecision, they smacked it with a 2 x 4. Clearly I wouldnt be writing had 2 x 4 clobberization been effective, so shortly after, I received the call do dispatch said 7k blasted, 20 foot fallen, 2 x 4 clobbered Raccoon. Since this occurred in a residential neighborhood a mere five blocks from my own residence, where peaceful tranquility and safety is of paramount importance, I opted to use my integrally suppressed .22 PCP air rifle. A point-blank shot to the head ended ...

US-led coalitions warplanes use white phosphorus bomb in Deir Ezzor, killing 3 civilians and injuring 5 27 September، 2017 Deir Ezzor, SANA The warplanes of the US-led coalition shelled residential neighborhoods in Deir Ezzor countryside with internationally-prohibited white phosphorus bombs, leaving a number of civilians dead. Identical civil and media source said that the warplanes…

When his infant son had colic, the Alameda resident and stay-at-home father found that screaming outside isnt quite as bad as screaming inside, and took to wandering the island citys streets. With a capacity of just 49 - the theaters seating is a hodgepodge of couches and easy chairs found on Craigslist - Haskett says his Central Cinema is the smallest commercial movie theater in the United States. [...] Haskett, 38, who grew up working in movie houses near Atlanta, says his business model makes even more sense than the much larger stadium-seating theaters in Emeryville and in Oaklands Jack London Square. The outside of the theater is unremarkable, except for a small square marquee that faces traffic on busy Central Avenue in the mostly residential neighborhood. Multicolored arched windows are all that remains from the mortuary days - the embalming room was long ago converted to a kitchen, which is locked and not part of the theaters operations. (Haskett says the couches improve the audio

Sep 20, 2021 - Entire home/apt for $135. Bluff View House is in a quiet residential neighborhood close to the University of Wisconsin La Crosse, WTC, Myrick Park, Hixon Forest, Forest Hill...

Libyan government forces have repeatedly fired mortars and Grad rockets into residential neighborhoods in Misrata, causing civilian casualties, said Peter Bouckaert, emergencies director at Human Rights Watch. The Soviet-made Grad in particular is one of the worlds most inaccurate rocket systems and should never be fired in areas with civilians.. These indiscriminate attacks come alongside the use by Libyan government forces of cluster munitions in civilian-populated areas of Misrata, documented by Human Rights Watch on April 15.. Misrata is the only rebel-held city in Libyas west. Government forces have tried to retake control of the city for about seven weeks. According to doctors in the city who are keeping track of the death toll, more than 267 bodies have been brought to hospital morgues as of April 15, the majority of them civilians. The number of dead is higher because some families have not brought their relatives to the morgues, the doctors said.. In addition to the rocket that ...

In this photo taken Saturday, a wild full grown leopard attacks a man after wandering into a residential neighborhood in Gauhati, in the northern state of Assam, India. Later the leopard was tranquilized by wildlife official and taken to the state zoological park. The leopard ventured into a crowded area and injured four people before it was captured and caged, local reports said. Associated Press less ...

It is an understatement to say that the Nissan was riddled with bullets. Forensically speaking however, the pattern of shots fired by those police officers is revelatory. Upon close examination of the photographic evidence approximately thirty bullets actually hit the vehicle and there is further evidence that shots fired landed elsewhere in the residential neighborhood in which the shootings took place. Those familiar with investigating the state of mind aspect of criminal investigations will be particularly interested in the pattern as well as the number of shots fired. For the layman, suffice it to say that the pattern of shots fired is unusual and of particular interest. Not all police officers as ace marksmen ...

Campus mental health professionals have shown some interest in an ecological conceptualization. of student functioning, although a review of the literature suggests that this perspective has been limited in scope and influence. Morrill, Oetting, and Hurst (1974) proposed a framework for counseling interventions not limited to the therapy room. Their model, delineated in terms of target, purpose and method of intervention, expands the target domain of campus counseling staff from the traditional individual client to include primary groups (friends and family), associational groups (e.g., classes, student organizations and residence-based groups), and, most broadly, the institution or campus community. This model also expands method of service delivery beyond direct therapeutic contact to consultation, training and use of media. Finally, the purpose of intervention is defined to include, in addition to remediation of psychological difficulties, the more proactive goals of prevention of mental ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of The effect on emotions and brain activity by the direct/indirect lighting in the residential environment. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

The population, age and sex figures for Community Areas and Neighbourhood are presented below in tables and pyramids using data from the 2010 Manitoba Health Population Report. For comparison purposes, 2006 data have also been provided.. Winnipeg Health Region, community areas, and neighbourhood clusters. ...

The objective of this study was to test whether the association between walkable environments and lower body mass index (BMI) was stronger within disadvantaged groups that may be particularly sensitive to environmental constraints.