Fc gamma receptor IIA, IIIA and IIIB single nucleotide polymorphisms and Fc gamma receptor IIIB copy number variation: No association with primary Sjogrens syndrome in SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY, vol 39, issue , pp 36-36 ...
Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by osteoclast-mediated bone loss. In several studies it was shown that SHIP-/- mice are severely osteoporotic due to increased numbers of hyperreactive osteoclasts. Because SHIP is part of the signalling pathway of the inhibitory FcγRIIB, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of FcγRIIB in osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function.. Compared with wild-type mice, bone erosion and cathepsin K staining were clearly enhanced during antigen-induced arthritis in the knee joints of mice deficient for the inhibitory FcγRIIB. FACS analysis of in vitro differentiated osteoclasts showed that FcγRIIB expression was not significantly different on osteoclasts compared with macrophages, whereas all activating FcγR classes were strongly downregulated. However, expression levels of all FcγR classes were high on all bone marrow subsets prone to differentiate towards osteoclasts, as discriminated by double-staining for ER-MP20/ER-MP12. The composition of ...
Receptors for the Fc region of IgG (Fc gamma R) are members of the Ig superfamily. Based on their genetic organization and molecular structure, three classes of human Fc gamma Rs: RI (CD64), RII (CD32), and RIII (CD16), which generate multiple isoforms, are recognized (1‑3). These receptors function in the activation or inhibition of immune responses. The activating-type receptor either has, or associates non-covalently with an accessory subunit (FcR gamma or zeta chain) that has an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain. In contrast, the inhibitory receptor (Fc gamma RIIB) has a built-in immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in its own cytoplasmic domain. Fc gamma RI is a high-affinity receptor that binds monomeric IgG. Both Fc gamma RII and RIII are low-affinity receptors that bind IgG in the form of immune complexes. Two genes for human Fc gamma RIII, A and B, encoding a transmembrane receptor and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) ...
K/BxN serum-induced passive arthritis was reported to depend on the activation of mast cells, triggered by the activating IgG receptor FcγRIIIA, when engaged
Fc gamma receptor IIB: present in myelomonocytic and lymphocytic cells; highly homologous to other Fc gamma RII receptors but has unique cytoplasmic exons; has been sequenced
Phagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechanisms through the uptake and destruction of infectious pathogens. Specialized cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes take part in this process in higher organisms. After opsonization with antibodies (IgG), foreign extracellular materials are recognized by Fc gamma receptors. Cross-linking of Fc gamma receptors initiates a variety of signals mediated by tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins, which lead through the actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and membrane remodeling to the formation of phagosomes. Nascent phagosomes undergo a process of maturation that involves fusion with lysosomes. The acquisition of lysosomal proteases and release of reactive oxygen species are crucial for digestion of engulfed materials in phagosomes ...
misc{08a586d2-6965-44d0-b083-93b1aacff9f7, author = {Magnusson, V and Zunec, R and Odeberg, J and Sturfelt, Gunnar and Truedsson, Lennart and Alarcon-Riquelme, ME}, issn = {1529-0131}, language = {eng}, number = {4}, pages = {1348--1350}, publisher = {John Wiley & Sons}, series = {Arthritis and Rheumatism}, title = {Polymorphisms of the Fc gamma receptor type IIB gene are not associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in the Swedish population}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.20151}, volume = {50}, year = {2004 ...
We report evidence that murine NK cells express a functional Fc gamma RII encoded by the Fc gamma RII alpha gene. Several lines of indirect evidence indicate that freshly obtained NK cells from mice of several strains bear a functional Fc gamma RII: (a) anti-Fc gamma RII antibody 2.4G2 detects a small but significant proportion of sIg- cells and a small proportion of the 2.4G2+ cells are included in the Thy-1+ population; (b) sIg- lymphocytes contain 2.4G2+ and Fc gamma R-bearing cells in similar proportions; (c) binding of particulate immune complexes by sIg- lymphocytes is completely inhibited by 2.4G2; (d) 2.4G2+ cells mediate greater than 50% of the spontaneous cytotoxicity in sIg- splenic lymphocytes. Direct evidence for the presence of Fc gamma RII on murine NK cells is provided by the results of two-color immunofluorescence studies performed on splenic lymphocytes from C57BL/6 mice showing coexpression of NK-1.1 and 2.4G2. Studies of in vitro propagated homogeneous NK cell populations ...
Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaRs) are expressed on all immunologically active cells. They bind the Fc portion of IgG, thereby triggering a range of immunological functions. We have used surface plasmon resonance to analyze the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the interactions between the ectodomains of human low affinity FcgammaRs (FcgammaRIIa, FcgammaRIIb, and FcgammaRIIIb-NA2) and IgG1 or the Fc fragment of IgG1. All three receptors bind Fc or IgG with similarly low affinities (K(D) approximately 0.6-2.5 microm) and fast kinetics, suggesting that FcgammaR-mediated recognition of aggregated IgG and IgG-coated particles or cells is mechanistically similar to cell-cell recognition. Interestingly, the Fc receptors exhibit distinct thermodynamic properties. Whereas the binding of the FcgammaRIIa and FcgammaRIIb to Fc is driven by favorable entropic and enthalpic changes, the binding of FcgammaRIII is characterized by highly unfavorable entropic changes. Although the structural bases for these
We have cloned and expressed a cDNA encoding a human receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R) from the monocyte cell line U937. The deduced structure is a 35-kD transmembrane protein with homology to the mouse Fc[gamma 2b/gamma 1] receptor amino acid sequence of approximately 60% in the extracellular domain. The signal sequence is homologous to the mouse Fc gamma R alpha cDNA clone, while the transmembrane domain shares homology with mouse Fc gamma R beta cDNAs. The cytoplasmic domain is apparently unique. The extracellular domain shows significant homology to proteins of the Ig gene superfamily, including the human c-fms protooncogene/CSF-1 receptor. Mouse Ltk- cells transfected with the human Fc gamma R cDNA express a cell-surface receptor that selectively binds human IgG and is recognized by the anti-Fc gamma RII mAb IV.3. Antibodies against peptides derived from the human Fc gamma R sequence specifically stain U937 cells, but not an Fc gamma RII-bearing B-lymphoblastoid cell line (Daudi). These results
Fc gamma receptor IIIA (CD16/FcγRIIIA) on monocytes/macrophages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe malarial anemia (SMA) by promoting phagocytosis of IgG-coated uninfected red cells and by allowing the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) upon cross-linking by immune complexes (ICs). However, not much is known about the differential expression of this receptor on monocytes of children with severe malaria and uncomplicated malaria. Therefore, we investigated the expression of CD16/FcγRIIIA on monocytes of children with SMA, cerebral malaria (CM), and their age-matched uncomplicated malaria controls by flow cytometry. Since CD14low (CD14+) monocytes are considered more mature and macrophage-like than CD14high (CD14++) monocytes, we also compared the level of expression of CD16/FcγRIIIA according to the CD14 level and studied the relationship between CD16/FcγRIIIA expression and intracellular TNF-α production upon stimulation by ICs. CD16/FcγRIIIA ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Anti-chemokine autoantibody. T2 - Chemokine immune complexes activate endothelial cells via IgG receptors. AU - Krupa, Agnieszka. AU - Fudala, Rafal. AU - Stankowska, Dorota. AU - Loyd, Tameka. AU - Allen, Timothy C.. AU - Matthay, Michael A.. AU - Gryczynski, Zygmunt. AU - Gryczynski, Ignacy. AU - Mettikolla, Yalla V.. AU - Kurdowska, Anna K.. PY - 2009/8/1. Y1 - 2009/8/1. N2 - Our previous studies revealed that the presence in lung fluids of anti-IL-8 autoantibody:IL-8 immune complexes is an important prognostic indicator for the development and outcome of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes purified from lung edema fluids trigger chemotaxis of neutrophils, induce activation of these cells, and regulate their apoptosis, all via IgG receptor, FcγRIIa. Importantly, increased levels of FcγRIIa are present inlungs of patients with ARDS, where FcγRIIa is partially associated with anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes. In the current ...
The Fcgamma receptors CD16A and CD32A connect the innate and the adaptive immune responses by transmitting activating signals to natural killer lymphocytes and myeloid cells upon recognition of antigen-immunoglobulin G (IgG) complexes. Two allelic dimorphisms of these receptors, valine/phenylalanine …
The aggregation of high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptors (FcRI) on mast cells is a crucial event in the initiation of an allergic reaction. in gene manifestation, and the launch of inflammatory mediators, adding to late-phase and acute allergic responses [1-3]. FcRI includes a tetrameric proteins complicated, the IgE-binding amplifying string, a signalling string, and two stores [4]. The and subunits from the FcRI each consist of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which is definitely phosphorylated upon FcRI aggregation and which is definitely both necessary and adequate for receptor-induced signal transduction [5]. Mast cells also communicate additional Fc receptors, either constitutively or upon activation; among these, FcRI (CD64), FcRIIB (CD32), and FcRIII (CD16) are receptors for immunoglobulin G (IgG). FcRI (high-affinity IgG Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate supplier receptor) and FcRIII (low-affinity IgG receptor) are activating receptors, both comprising ...
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Monocytes in the circulation of normal individuals express two receptors for the constant region of immunoglobulin, Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII. In contrast, we have observed that AIDS monocytes express significant levels of a third Fc gamma R, Fc gamma RIII (CD16), which is normally associated with activation or maturation of the monocyte population. By dual-fluorescence analysis using a monoclonal antibody specific for Fc gamma RIII (MAb 3G8), 38.5 +/- 3.2% of the LeuM3 (CD14)-positive monocytes in AIDS patients were CD16 positive as compared to 10.4 +/- 1.0% for healthy individuals (n = 29; P less than 0.005). Furthermore, AIDS monocytes expressed Fc gamma RIII-specific mRNA which is expressed minimally or not at all in control monocytes. As a recently identified inducer of Fc gamma RIII expression on blood monocytes, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was found to be elevated in the serum and/or plasma of AIDS patients. Moreover, incubation of normal monocytes with AIDS serum or ...
CD8 T cells are recognized key players in control of persistent virus infections, but increasing evidence suggests that assistance from other immune mediators is also needed. Here, we investigated whether specific antibody responses contribute to control of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), a prototypic mouse model of systemic persistent infection. Mice expressing transgenic B cell receptors of LCMV-unrelated specificity, and mice unable to produce soluble immunoglobulin M (IgM) exhibited protracted viremia or failed to resolve LCMV. Virus control depended on immunoglobulin class switch, but neither on complement cascades nor on Fc receptor gamma chain or Fc gamma receptor IIB. Cessation of viremia concurred with the emergence of viral envelope-specific antibodies, rather than with neutralizing serum activity, and even early nonneutralizing IgM impeded viral persistence. This important role for virus-specific antibodies may be similarly underappreciated in other primarily T cell-controlled
TGF beta Receptor III antibody [1C5H11] (transforming growth factor beta receptor III) for ELISA, FACS, WB. Anti-TGF beta Receptor III mAb (GTX60683) is tested in Human, Mouse samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
Immune complexes (ICs) are formed to clear undesired material from the circulation in normal course and are elevated during disease pathologies. Elevated levels of ICs opsonized by complement activation by-products are present during viral infections such as H1N1, HIV, Hepatitis C, autoimmunity, and malignancies as well as during acute humoral rejection. The IC formation and their defective clearance trigger inflammatory response. ICs trigger complement activation and generate inflammatory mediators such as C3a and C5a anaphylotoxins. Complement opsonized ICs deposit at vascular sites, trigger proinflammatory response by releasing cytokines via Fc-receptor and/or complement receptor engagement. Antibodies present in the ICs by bind to activating or inhibitory Fc receptors (FcRs), which trigger effector function and regulate cellular responses. Myeloid cells express both activating and inhibitory FcRs. Complement opsonized ICs interact and regulate B-cell responses. ICs activate macrophages and produce
Different classes of antibody (the immunoglobulins IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM) perform divergent functions within the immune system. IgG has also evolved further into subclasses that vary considerably in their potency in particular types of immune responses. Each IgG subclass possesses a range of binding affinities for the different inhibitory and activating receptors that engage the constant Fc region of the antibody molecule. Nimmerjahn and Ravetch (see the Perspective by Woof) used this observation to construct antibodies bearing the same antigenic specificity combined with the subclass-specific portions of Fc. The ability of these hybrid antibodies to mediate their immunological effects in vivo could be predicted by the strength with which the Fc portion bound the different activating or inhibitory Fc receptor (FcR). Thus, the specificity and strength of FcR binding is a central means by which IgG subclasses determine their dominance in a particular immune response.. F. Nimmerjahn, J. V. ...
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The gamma subunit of immunoglobulin Fc receptors is an essential component of the high-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RIII) and is associated with the high-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RI) and the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. It is required for both receptor assembly and signal transduct …
CD25 is expressed at high levels on regulatory T (Treg) cells and was initially proposed as a target for cancer immunotherapy. However, anti-CD25 antibodies have displayed limited activity against established tumors. We demonstrated that CD25 expression is largely restricted to tumor-infiltrating Treg cells in mice and humans. While existing anti-CD25 antibodies were observed to deplete Treg cells in the periphery, upregulation of the inhibitory Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) IIb at the tumor site prevented intra-tumoral Treg cell depletion, which may underlie the lack of anti-tumor activity previously observed in pre-clinical models. Use of an anti-CD25 antibody with enhanced binding to activating FcγRs led to effective depletion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells, increased effector to Treg cell ratios, and improved control of established tumors. Combination with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibodies promoted complete tumor rejection, demonstrating the relevance of CD25 as a therapeutic ...
all by means of the immune cells. Fc receptors are present on leukocytes equal to monocytes, tissue macrophages, B cells, granulocytes (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils), NK cells and some T cells. Fc receptors are moreover present on mast cells, follicular dendritic cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, hepatocytes and langerhans cells amongst others. There are a variety of types of Fc receptors (FcR) which can be categorised based on the antibody that they acknowledge. There are individuals who have good affinity for the Fc space of monomeric IgG antibody and are known as Fc-Gamma receptors, individuals who bind to IgA antibody are known as Fc-alpha receptors and individuals who bind IgE antibody are known as Fc-epsilon receptors.. Non specific Fc receptors staining in assays equal to IHC, ICC, Immunofluorescence (IF) and motion cytometry might find yourself from the binding of the Fc space of the primary and/or secondary antibody or immunoglobulin isotypes to the Fc receptors of the ...
Receptors for IgG provide the best characterized and most detailed examples of the coordinate and opposing roles displayed by activating and inhibitory receptors (22, 23). Studies on these receptors have defined several general paradigms for the class of inhibitory receptors as a whole and pointed to the physiological relevance of these pathways in the immune response. IgG immune complexes were recognized as potent inhibitory ligands more than 30 years ago with the observation that B cell activation could be attenuated by immune complexes (24). A molecular basis for this activity was suggested with the cloning of two genes for murine low-affinity IgG Fc receptors, now referred to as FcγRIIB and FcγRIII (25). The extracellular domains were found to be 95% identical in their primary amino acid sequence and to mediate low-affinity binding to IgG immune complexes with similar specificity. However, these nearly identical domains were coupled to distinctly different intracytoplasmic domains, which ...
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in B-lymphocyte development, differentiation and signaling. B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling requires a tight regulation of several protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, and associated coreceptors. Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signaling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation. Signaling through BLK plays an important role in transmitting signals through surface immunoglobulins and supports the pro-B to pre-B transition, as well as the signaling for growth arrest and apoptosis downstream of B-cell receptor. Specifically binds and phosphorylates CD79A at Tyr-188and Tyr-199, as well as CD79B at Tyr-196 and Tyr-207. Phosphorylates also the immunoglobulin G receptors FCGR2A, FCGR2B and FCGR2C. With FYN and LYN, plays an essential role in pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR)-mediated NF-kappa-B activation. Contributes also to BTK activation by indirectly stimulating BTK intramolecular autophosphorylation. In pancreatic islets,
In this study, we have shown that interaction with the normally inhibitory FcγR, FcγRIIB, is a prerequisite for the in vivo immunostimulatory activity of anti-CD40 mAb. This is in stark contrast to the requirement of direct-targeting anti-cancer mAb, such as rituximab and alemtuzumab, in which activatory FcγR are required for efficacy and interaction with FcγRIIB may be detrimental to activity (2). This differential FcγR dependence is reflected in the optimally active isotype of each type of mAb in mouse models; thus, IgG2a is optimal for direct-targeting mAb, whereas in this study, we show that IgG1 is optimal for anti-CD40. Current emphasis in the design of therapeutic mAb is focused upon the engineering of variants with high affinity for activatory FcγR (14, 15). Our data indicate this approach may not be appropriate for immunostimulatory mAb and thus has significant implications for the design of immunotherapeutic agents.. The essential role of FcγRIIB in the immunostimulatory ...
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
Methods and Results: In cultured endothelial cells, FcγRI-blocking antibodies prevented CRP antagonism of eNOS, and CRP activated Src via FcγRI. CRP-induced increases in FcγRIIB immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif phosphorylation and SH2 domain-containing inositol 5′-phosphatase 1 activation were Src-dependent, and Src inhibition prevented eNOS antagonism by CRP. Similar processes mediated eNOS antagonism by aggregated IgG used to mimic immune complex. Carotid artery re-endothelialization was evaluated in offspring from crosses of CRP transgenic mice (TG-CRP) with either mice lacking the γ subunit of FcγRI (FcRγ−/−) or FcγRIIB−/− mice. Whereas re-endothelialization was impaired in TG-CRP vs wild-type, it was normal in both FcRγ−/− TG-CRP and FcγRIIB−/− TG-CRP mice.. ...
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CD16/CD32, 0.1 mg. The lymphocyte Fc-gamma Receptors recognize the Fc portion of IgG, presented either as immune complexes or as free antibody.
Fleit, H B.; Wright, S D.; and Unkeless, J C., Human neutrophil fcgamma receptor distribution and structure. (1982). Subject Strain Bibliography 1982. 311 ...
IgG complexes bind to Fc receptor family members FcγRI (CD64) FcγRII Rabbit polyclonal to Osteopontin. (CD32) PKI-587 and FcγRIII (CD16) activating cell MAPK and PI3K resulting in increased cytokine production from particular leukocytes. PI3K was also shown to limit nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The limiting effect of PI3K on TNF-α production from activated monocytes depended within the decrease of GSK-3β activity which significantly reduced the transactivation of NF-κB. Moreover the TNF-α production induced by CD16 cross-linking was reduced in monocytes after treatment with siRNA against NF-κB implying that this transcription element functioned in TNF-α production. The results suggest that CD16 cross-linking triggered PI3K and that active PI3K limited TNF-α production by inhibiting GSK-3β activity in part by obstructing the action of NF-κB. PKI-587 Keywords: Fc receptor FcγRIII IgG monocytes Intro CD16 also termed FcγRIII is definitely a member of the Fc receptor family ...
Fcγ RII, also known as CD32, are low affinity IgG Fc receptors. There are three distinct genes encoded (A, B, C) in humans and a single gene in mice. The Fcγ RII proteins share 89% sequence identity at the amino acid level in their extracellular domains, but their transmembrane and cytoplasmic doma
Transgenic mouse models. WT C57BL/6 mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratories. Activating FcγR-null mice have a deletion of the murine γ chain (36). FcγR-humanized mice (murine α chain KO, hFcγRI+, hFcγRIIAR131+, hFcγRIIB+, hFcγRIIIAF158+, and hFcγRIIIB+) were generated in our laboratory and extensively characterized (38). While FcγR-humanized mice do not express hFcγRIIC, this gene is expressed only by approximately 20% of the human population, and thus this strain represents 80% of the population. hFcγRIIA/IIB-only mice and hFcγRIIIA/IIIB-only mice express a single activating human FcγR on a background of α chain KO (lacking murine FcγRs, as previously described in ref. 9). All mice were maintained in the Rockefeller University Comparative Bioscience Center. Tumor studies were performed on age- and sex-matched females and male mice, 9 to 13 weeks old.. Cell lines and sLeA expression. Murine B16 melanoma and EL4 lymphoma tumor cells were obtained from ATCC and maintained ...
Our research covers the structure and function of immune-related proteins, currently looking at transthyretin and fc gamma receptors. Find out more.
Kardiolipiinivastane IgG autoantikeha on oluline skriiningmarker antifosfolipiidsündroomi (APS) seroloogilises diagnostikas. Kardiolipiin on üks anioonsetest fosfolipiididest, mis esineb rakus mitokondrite sisemembraanidel.
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Little is known of the impact of Fc receptor (FcR) polymorphism in macaques on the binding of human (hu)IgG, and nothing is known of this interaction in the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), which is used in preclinical evaluation of vaccines and therapeutic Abs. We defined the sequence and huIgG binding characteristics of the M. nemestrina activating FcγRIIa (mnFcγRIIa) and inhibitory FcγRIIb (mnFcγRIIb) and predicted their structures using the huIgGFc/huFcγRIIa crystal structure. Large differences were observed in the binding of huIgG by mnFcγRIIa and mnFcγRIIb compared with their human FcR counterparts. MnFcγRIIa has markedly impaired binding of huIgG1 and huIgG2 immune complexes compared with huFcγRIIa (His(131)). In contrast, mnFcγRIIb has enhanced binding of huIgG1 and broader specificity, as, unlike huFcγRIIb, it avidly binds IgG2. Mutagenesis and molecular modeling of mnFcγRIIa showed that Pro(159) and Tyr(160) impair the critical FG loop interaction with huIgG. The ...
This study shows that two sympatric ethnic groups in Mali, the Fulani and the Dogon, exhibit differential frequencies in the expression of FcγRIIa R131H genotypes and allotypes. It furthermore, confirms and extends the previous findings regarding differences in anti-malarial responses between sympatric ethnic groups living in West Africa [12, 13]. The Fulani were less parasitized, had fewer parasite clones and had higher anti-malarial IgG subclass levels than the sympatric ethnic group, the Dogon. Fulani also showed a higher spleen rate as compared to Dogon. Interestingly, the Fulani showed significantly lower haemoglobin levels as compared to the Dogon, which was recently confirmed in both a longitudinal study and two cross sectional studies in the same study area (Dolo et al, personal communication).. The FcγRIIa R131H genotype results of this study contradict those from previous reports, where the R/R genotype has been associated with protection (reviewed by Braga [8]). Here it was revealed ...
Levy,P. C.; Utell,M. J.; Fleit,H. B.; Roberts,N. J.,Jr; Ryan,D. H.; Looney,R. J.;. Characterization of human alveolar macrophage Fc gamma receptor III: a transmembrane glycoprotein that is shed under in vitro culture conditions. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology : An Official Journal of the American Thoracic Society, Medical Section of the American Lung Association. 1991; 5(4): 307-314.. 5/15/ ...
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We attempted to elicit active anaphylaxis to ovalbumin, or passive IgE- or IgG1-dependent anaphylaxis, in mice lacking either the Fc epsilonRI alpha chain or the FcR gamma chain common to Fc epsilonRI and Fc gammaRI/III, or in mice lacking mast cells (KitW/ KitW-v mice), and compared the responses to those in the corresponding wild-type mice. We found that the FcR gamma chain is required for the death, as well as for most of the pathophysiological changes, associated with active anaphylaxis or IgE- or IgG1-dependent passive anaphylaxis. Moreover, some of the physiological changes associated with either active, or IgG1-dependent passive, anaphylactic responses were significantly greater in Fc epsilonRI alpha chain -/- mice than in the corresponding normal mice. Finally, while both KitW/KitW-v and congenic +/+ mice exhibited fatal active anaphylaxis, mast cell-deficient mice exhibited weaker physiological responses than the corresponding wild-type mice in both active and IgG1-dependent passive ...
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is able to penetrate human monocytes by either passive uptake during phagocytosis or active penetration. It is expected that immunoglobulin G (IgG) opsonization will target the parasite to macrophage Fc gamma receptors for phagocytic processing and subsequent degradation. Antibody-opsonized T. gondii tachyzoites were used to infect nonadherent and adherent human monocytes obtained from the peripheral blood of seronegative individuals. The infected monocytes were evaluated for the presence of intracellular parasites and the degree of parasiticidal activity. A marked difference in both the numbers of infected macrophages and numbers of parasites per 100 macrophages was observed in the nonadherent cells when compared with those of the adherent cell population. When macrophage Fc gamma receptors were down-modulated, opsonized tachyzoites retained their ability to penetrate the host cell at a rate similar to that observed for unopsonized parasites. These results
Permissiveness of monocytes and macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is modulated by various stimuli. In this study we demonstrate that
Phagocytosis is one of the important innate immune responses that function to eliminate invading infectious agents. Monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils are the professional phagocytic cells. Phagocytosis is a complex process involving the recognition of invading foreign particles by specific types of phagocytic receptors and the subsequent internalization of the particles. Fc gamma receptors (FCGRs) are among the best studied phagocytic receptors that bind to Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Through their antigen binding F(ab) end, antibodies bind to specific antigen while their constant (Fc) region binds to FCGRs on phagocytes. The clustering of FCGRs by IgG antibodies on the phagocyte initiates a variety of signals, which lead, through the reorganisation of actin cytoskeleton and membrane remodelling, to the formation of pseudopod and phagosome. Fc gamma receptors are classified into three classes: FCGRI, FCGRII and FCGRIII. Each class of these FCGRs consists of several individual ...
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complication of obesity. Here, we have shown that activation of the IgG receptor FcγRIIB in endothelium by hyposialylated IgG plays an important role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Despite becoming obese on a high-fat diet (HFD), mice lacking FcγRIIB globally or selectively in endothelium were protected from insulin resistance as a result of the preservation of insulin delivery to skeletal muscle and resulting maintenance of muscle glucose disposal. IgG transfer in IgG-deficient mice implicated IgG as the pathogenetic ligand for endothelial FcγRIIB in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, IgG transferred from patients with T2DM but not from metabolically healthy subjects caused insulin resistance in IgG-deficient mice via FcγRIIB, indicating that similar processes may be operative in T2DM in humans. Mechanistically, the activation of FcγRIIB by IgG from obese mice impaired endothelial cell insulin transcytosis in culture and in ...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complication of obesity. Here, we have shown that activation of the IgG receptor FcγRIIB in endothelium by hyposialylated IgG plays an important role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Despite becoming obese on a high-fat diet (HFD), mice lacking FcγRIIB globally or selectively in endothelium were protected from insulin resistance as a result of the preservation of insulin delivery to skeletal muscle and resulting maintenance of muscle glucose disposal. IgG transfer in IgG-deficient mice implicated IgG as the pathogenetic ligand for endothelial FcγRIIB in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, IgG transferred from patients with T2DM but not from metabolically healthy subjects caused insulin resistance in IgG-deficient mice via FcγRIIB, indicating that similar processes may be operative in T2DM in humans. Mechanistically, the activation of FcγRIIB by IgG from obese mice impaired endothelial cell insulin transcytosis in culture and in ...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complication of obesity. Here, we have shown that activation of the IgG receptor FcγRIIB in endothelium by hyposialylated IgG plays an important role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Despite becoming obese on a high-fat diet (HFD), mice lacking FcγRIIB globally or selectively in endothelium were protected from insulin resistance as a result of the preservation of insulin delivery to skeletal muscle and resulting maintenance of muscle glucose disposal. IgG transfer in IgG-deficient mice implicated IgG as the pathogenetic ligand for endothelial FcγRIIB in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, IgG transferred from patients with T2DM but not from metabolically healthy subjects caused insulin resistance in IgG-deficient mice via FcγRIIB, indicating that similar processes may be operative in T2DM in humans. Mechanistically, the activation of FcγRIIB by IgG from obese mice impaired endothelial cell insulin transcytosis in culture and in ...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complication of obesity. Here, we have shown that activation of the IgG receptor FcγRIIB in endothelium by hyposialylated IgG plays an important role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Despite becoming obese on a high-fat diet (HFD), mice lacking FcγRIIB globally or selectively in endothelium were protected from insulin resistance as a result of the preservation of insulin delivery to skeletal muscle and resulting maintenance of muscle glucose disposal. IgG transfer in IgG-deficient mice implicated IgG as the pathogenetic ligand for endothelial FcγRIIB in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, IgG transferred from patients with T2DM but not from metabolically healthy subjects caused insulin resistance in IgG-deficient mice via FcγRIIB, indicating that similar processes may be operative in T2DM in humans. Mechanistically, the activation of FcγRIIB by IgG from obese mice impaired endothelial cell insulin transcytosis in culture and in ...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complication of obesity. Here, we have shown that activation of the IgG receptor FcγRIIB in endothelium by hyposialylated IgG plays an important role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Despite becoming obese on a high-fat diet (HFD), mice lacking FcγRIIB globally or selectively in endothelium were protected from insulin resistance as a result of the preservation of insulin delivery to skeletal muscle and resulting maintenance of muscle glucose disposal. IgG transfer in IgG-deficient mice implicated IgG as the pathogenetic ligand for endothelial FcγRIIB in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, IgG transferred from patients with T2DM but not from metabolically healthy subjects caused insulin resistance in IgG-deficient mice via FcγRIIB, indicating that similar processes may be operative in T2DM in humans. Mechanistically, the activation of FcγRIIB by IgG from obese mice impaired endothelial cell insulin transcytosis in culture and in ...
CD64 (Cluster of Differentiation 64) is a type of integral membrane glycoprotein known as an Fc receptor that binds monomeric IgG-type antibodies with high affinity.[1] It is more commonly known as Fc-gamma receptor 1 (FcγRI). After binding IgG, CD64 interacts with an accessory chain known as the common γ chain (γ chain), which possesses an ITAM motif that is necessary for triggering cellular activation.[2] Structurally CD64 is composed of a signal peptide that allows its transport to the surface of a cell, three extracellular immunoglobulin domains of the C2-type that it uses to bind antibody, a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic tail.[3] CD64 is constitutively found on only macrophages and monocytes, but treatment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with cytokines like IFNγ and G-CSF can induce CD64 expression on these cells.[4][5] There are three distinct (but highly similar) genes in humans for CD64 called FcγRIA (CD64A), FcγRIB (CD64B), and FcγRIC (CD64C) that are ...
Tumor spheroids are becoming an important tool for the investigation of malignancy stem cell (CSC) function in tumors; therefore low-cost and high-throughput methods for drug testing of tumor spheroids are needed. screening of a panel of anti-proliferative medicines to assess inhibitory effects on the Citalopram Hydrobromide growth Mouse monoclonal to CD16.COC16 reacts with human CD16, a 50-65 kDa Fcg receptor IIIa (FcgRIII), expressed on NK cells, monocytes/macrophages and granulocytes. It is a human NK cell associated antigen. CD16 is a low affinity receptor for IgG which functions in phagocytosis and ADCC, as well as in signal transduction and NK cell activation. The CD16 blocks the binding of soluble immune complexes to granulocytes. of malignancy stem cells in 3-D ethnicities. Keywords: neurospheres tumor spheroids cancers stem cell glioblastoma acridine orange microscopy Solid tumors develop within a three-dimensional (3-D) spatial conformation which isnt mimicked by two-dimensional (2-D) ...
Immunoglobulins are unique molecules capable of simultaneously recognizing a diverse array of antigens and themselves being recognized by a broad array of receptors. The abundance specifically of the IgG subclass and the variety of signaling receptors to which it binds render this an important immunomodulatory molecule. In addition to the classical Fcγ receptors (FcγR) which bind IgG at the cell surface, the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a lifelong resident of the endolysosomal system of most hematopoietic cells where it determines the intracellular fate of both IgG and IgG-containing immune complexes (IgG IC). Crosslinking of FcRn by multivalent IgG IC within antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DC) initiates specific mechanisms which result in trafficking of the antigen-bearing IgG IC into compartments from which the antigen can successfully be processed into peptide epitopes compatible with loading onto both MHC class I and II molecules. In turn, this enables the synchronous
, TGF beta Receptor III blocking peptide, GTX88782-PEP, Applications: Apuri, Blocking, ELISA; Affinity purification, Blocking, ELISA; CrossReactivity: Human
The titer of circulating Ab is the net result of Ab production and Ab catabolism. Throughout this manuscript, we have used the term Ab response, assuming that the differences in Ab titers reflect differences in Ab production rather than Ab catabolism or protection from catabolism. We find this to be a reasonable assumption, because the only FcR known to play a role in IgG catabolism is the neonatal FcR, FcRn (32), which is not studied here. In this work, we have observed an almost complete lack of response to IgG1/Ag and IgG2a/Ag in FcRγ−/− mice. The fact that FcRγ−/− mice do not express functional FcγRI or FcγRIII (17) suggests that the binding of IgG/Ag to one or both of these receptors is of primary importance for the ability of IgG to up-regulate primary Ab responses to soluble Ag. Assuming that the FcγRII in FcRγ−/− mice operates normally, the low response to IgG/Ag in this strain leads to the conclusion that FcγRII is not capable of inducing significant IgG-mediated ...
Phagocytosis is a specialized endocytic response of eukaryotic cells to particulate stimuli, such as microbial pathogens. This response is utilized by myeloid cells of the immune system to aid in host defenses. FcγRI is expressed at especially high levels in freshly harvested mouse dendritic cells from spleen, lymph node, and skin. FcγRIIA mediates phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles by human neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes. FcαRI associates noncovalently with a γ-subunit homodimer common to other Fc receptors. FcγRn, a neonatal Fc receptor complexed to β2- microglobulin, is a receptor on intestinal epithelial cells that mediates the transfer of maternal Ig from milk to the bloodstream of newborns. Co-ligation of FcγRIIb with the antigen receptor in B cells (BCR) leads to decreased cellular activation. Several tyrosine phosphatases have been identified that modulate ITAM-mediated responses. These include the membrane-bound tyrosine phosphatase CD45 and SHP-1/ SHP-2. The signaling
While a high frequency of Th1 cells in tumors is associated with improved cancer prognosis, this benefit has been attributed mainly to support of cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells. By attempting to potentiate antibody-driven immunity, we found a remarkable synergy between CD4+ T cells and tumor-binding antibodies. This surprising synergy was mediated by a small subset of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells that express the high-affinity Fcγ receptor for IgG (FcγRI) in both mouse and human patients. These cells efficiently lyse tumor cells coated with antibodies through concomitant crosslinking of their T cell receptor (TCR) and FcγRI. By expressing FcγRI and its signaling chain in conventional CD4+ T cells, we successfully employed this mechanism to treat established solid cancers. Overall, this discovery sheds new light on the biology of this T cell subset, their function during tumor immunity, and the means to utilize their unique killing signals in immunotherapy.. ...
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The CD16 antigen is the low-affinity receptor for IgG (FcγRIII). The CD16 antigen exists in two different forms encoded by two different genes: FcγRIIIA (or III-2) and FcγRIIIB (or III-1). The genetic heterogeneity of CD16 generates alternative membrane-anchored molecules. One is a transmembrane form (FcγRIIIA, 50-65 kDa) expressed on NK cells, monocytes and macrophages. The other is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored form (FcγRIIIB, 48 kDa) only expressed on neutrophils. It has been shown that the CD16 antigen can be non-covalently associated within the membrane of NK cells, to a disulfide-linked homo or heterodimer made from the 16 kDa CD3ζ chain and the FcεRIγchain.
The CD16 antigen is the low-affinity receptor for IgG (FcγRIII). The CD16 antigen exists in two different forms encoded by two different genes: FcγRIIIA (or III-2) and FcγRIIIB (or III-1). The genetic heterogeneity of CD16 generates alternative membrane-anchored molecules. One is a transmembrane form (FcγRIIIA, 50-65 kDa) expressed on NK cells, monocytes and macrophages. The other is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored form (FcγRIIIB, 48 kDa) only expressed on neutrophils. It has been shown that the CD16 antigen can be non-covalently associated within the membrane of NK cells, to a disulfide-linked homo or heterodimer made from the 16 kDa CD3ζ chain and the FcεRIγchain ...
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The Enzyme Collection contains over 550 mAbs that recognize catalytic domains or associated regulatory subunits in enyme complexes
The Enzyme Collection contains over 550 mAbs that recognize catalytic domains or associated regulatory subunits in enyme complexes
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Detailed analysis on FC Lahti | Latest news with detailed form and trending analysis, complete with ratings, probabilities and comments.
rabbit, anti-goat, igg, (h&l), affinity, purified, dylight , 350, conjugated, Rabbit anti-Goat IgG (H&L), Affinity purified, DyLight 350 conjugated, AS16 3291
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