Abstract Aim: Serum osteocalcin was shown in a previous study on first trimester pregnant women to correlate with bone density and to distinguish between fast and slow bone losers. The objective of the present study is to examine whether serum osteocalcin is related to vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI polymorphism in pregnant women. Study design: We determined osteocalcin serum levels and VDR BsmI genotype in 97 healthy first trimester pregnant women consecutively recruited during six months. Results: BB (21%), Bb (38%) and bb (41%) genotypes showed similar osteocalcin serum levels. However, in primigravidas (ns38) the BB genotype was significantly associated with higher mean osteocalcin level (9.67 ng/mL) than the Bb (8.07 ng/mL) and the bb genotype (8.14 ng/mL), respectively (P-0.05). The VDR genotype was the only independent parameter to correlate with serum osteocalcin (P-0.05). Conclusion: Only primigravidas show in the first trimester a relation between the bone formation parameter serum ...

Purpose : To investigate the effects on Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) knockout and 1,25- and 24,25-dihyroxyvitamin D3 (Vit D3) on cultured mouse corneal epithelial cell proliferation and on the Vit D activating enzyme CYP27B1 and inactivating enzyme CYP24A1. We also examined effects of vitamin D on mouse corneal epithelial intracellular calcium levels. Methods : Cultured mouse corneal epithelial cell (MCEC) proliferation was measured by reduction of MTT, which corresponds to the living cell number and metabolic activity. Total RNA and protein were isolated from mouse corneas and cultured mouse primary corneal epithelial cells. Transcript levels of CYP24A1 and CYP27B1 were assessed by qPCR, and Western blotting was used to detect CYP24A1 and CYP27B1 protein levels. Corneal epithelial calcium levels were recorded in excised, ex vivo mouse corneas using the calcium-sensitive dye Cal-520® and multi-photon microscopy. Results : 24,25-Vit D3 (50 nM) significantly increased proliferation in corneal ...

The mechanism of action of calcitriol in the treatment of psoriasis is accounted for by their antiproliferative activity for keratinocytes and their stimulation of epidermal cell differentiation. The anticarcinogenic activity of the active form of Calcitriol appears to be correlated with cellular vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels. Vitamin D receptors belong to the superfamily of steroid-hormone zinc-finger receptors. VDRs selectively bind 1,25-(OH)2-D3 and retinoic acid X receptor (RXR) to form a heterodimeric complex that interacts with specific DNA sequences known as vitamin D-responsive elements. VDRs are ligand-activated transcription factors. The receptors activate or repress the transcription of target genes upon binding their respective ligands. It is thought that the anticarcinogenic effect of Calcitriol is mediated via VDRs in cancer cells. The immunomodulatory activity of calcitriol is thought to be mediated by vitamin D receptors (VDRs) which are expressed constitutively in monocytes ...

Vitamin D endocrine system and osteoblasts.: The interaction between vitamin D and osteoblasts is complex. In the current review we will give an overview of the

Vitamin D has been shown to reduce cellular proliferation, increase apoptosis, and inhibit angiogenesis (1, 2). The link to prostate cancer is supported by ecological studies demonstrating an inverse relationship between prostate cancer incidence and UV exposure, which is the primary source of vitamin D (3). Serum studies, which have provided inconsistent results for a relationship between vitamin D status and prostate cancer risk, may not capture the relevant exposure period because not only does prostate carcinogenesis most likely begin decades prior to measurement, but 1-α-hydroxylase, the enzyme that activates vitamin D, is down-regulated early in the neoplastic process of prostate cancer cells (4-6).. This study did a comprehensive analysis of three genes in the vitamin D metabolism pathway: CYP27B1, encoding for 1-α-hydroxylase, which converts into the active form of the hormone 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]; VDR, encoding for the nuclear vitamin D receptor, which mediates all ...

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis C infection is a major cause of end-stage liver disease. Therapy outcome is influenced by 25-OH vitamin D deficiency. To further address this observation, our study investigates the impact of the vitamin D receptor (NR1I1) haplotype and combined effects of plasma vitamin D levels in a well-described cohort of hepatitis C patients. METHODS: A total of 155 chronic hepatitis C patients were recruited from the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study for NR1I1 genotyping and plasma 25-OH vitamin D level measurement. NR1I1 genotype data and combined effects of plasma 25-OH vitamin D level were analysed regarding therapy response (sustained virological response). RESULTS: A strong association was observed between therapy non-response and the NR1I1 CCA (bAt) haplotype consisting of rs1544410 (BsmI) C, rs7975232 (ApaI) C and rs731236 (TaqI) A alleles. Of the HCV patients carrying the CCA haplotype, 50.3% were non-responders (odds ratio [OR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.07, 2.67; P=0.028). A ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Normal vitamin D receptor concentration and responsiveness to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in skin fibroblasts from patients with absorptive hypercalciuria. AU - Zerwekh, J. E.. AU - Reed, B. Y.. AU - Heller, H. J.. AU - Gonzalez, G. B.. AU - Haussler, M. R.. AU - Pak, C. Y C. PY - 1998/1/1. Y1 - 1998/1/1. N2 - To evaluate whether there is an increase in vitamin D receptor (VDR) concentration which could raise intestinal calcium absorption in absorptive hypercalciuric (AH) patients and promote hypercalciuria, we measured VDR concentration and VDR mRNA levels in skin fibroblasts from 16 patients with AH and 17 age-matched normal subjects before and following a 16-hour incubation in the presence of 10-8 M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. There were no significant differences in VDR concentration between normal subjects and AH patients in the basal state (30 ± 11 vs. 30 ± 15 ng/mg protein, respectively) or following 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated upregulation (43 ± 18 vs. 42 ± 16 ng/mg ...

In a 12-week randomized controlled trial ( double-blind study), based on data on serum 25(OH)D changes from other studies (35), to achieve 1 standard deviation difference in circulating 25(OH)D with two-sided alpha of 0.05 and a beta of 0.2 after a 12-week intervention period, the sample size was calculated 40 individuals per treatment group. Considering 3 polymorphic variant groups and one control group which receives plain yogurt drink, 160 subjects are needed. Allowing for 10% attrition over 12 weeks of intervention, a total of 180 subjects are required. In treatment groups, all patients receive 500 ml per day of low-fat (1%) Yogurt Drink fortified with approximately 500IU of vitamin D3 . Control group receives 500 ml per day of plain (unfortified) Yogurt Drink. Metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers are evaluated at the beginning and in the end of the interventional period ...

Vitamin D is produced in the skin upon sun-exposure or obtained through the diet. Vitamin D is hydroxylated to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the liver and to the active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D) in the kidneys. To exert its effect 1,25(OH) 2 D has to bind to the nuclear vitamin D receptor VDR. Lack of vitamin D leads to rickets in children and to osteomalacia in adults. 25(OH)D is used as a marker of a subjects vitamin D status. Low serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with a number of diseases, risk factors for disease and increased mortality ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Vitamin D receptor quantitation in human blood mononuclear cells in health and disease. AU - Zerwekh, J. E.. AU - Yu, X. P.. AU - Breslau, N. A.. AU - Manolagas, S.. AU - Pak, C. Y C. PY - 1993/10. Y1 - 1993/10. N2 - Vitamin D receptor (VDR) concentration was quantitated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with absorptive hypercalciuria (AH) and patients with high 1,25(OH)2D3 due to acquired or transient disease states and the results compared to those in normal subjects. VDR concentration in resting cells was not different between the three groups and represented constitutive receptor expression of monocytes. Following activation with phytohemagglutinin, patients with hypercalcitriolemia demonstrated significantly greater VDR concentrations. Patients with AH demonstrated a normal value for the group, but 6 patients had significantly greater concentrations of VDR despite normal plasma 1,25(OH)2D3 in four of the patients. Proliferation, as assessed ...

The researchers explain that vitamin D intake and serum concentrations of its metabolites have been associated with a decreased risk of developing breast cancer. The vitamin plays a known role in controlling calcium levels and influences the differentiation of cells and so could play a part in preventing the runaway proliferation of cells characteristic with cancer.. Previous studies regarding the association between vitamin D and breast cancer have been inconsistent in their conclusions.. Chang-Claude and her colleagues have investigated variations in the gene encoding the vitamin D receptor protein. They found that there were no differences in the biomarker for vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, between women with two well-known genetic variations, the polymorphisms FokI and TaqI, and two functional putative variants, VDR-5132 and Cdx2, in the gene for the receptor. Moreover, they found no relationship between the presence of these polymorphisms and overall risk of postmenopausal breast ...

In an unrelated vitamin D study, researchers have identified vitamin D receptors (VDR) on 2776 gene positions and also found 229 genes that were activated in response to vitamin D. Vitamin D receptors are proteins that become activated by vitamin D. Activated VDR can then attach to specific sites on DNA which result in the expression of certain gene traits and/or genetic products such as enzymes. VDR binding sites were densely populated near autoimmune and cancer associated genes which may imply the importance vitamin D can play in autoimmune disease and cancer prevention. ...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone cancer in children and adolescents. With the current treatment approaches, the survival rate is 60-70%. Therapies for treating OS have remained the same over the past thirty years. There is a need for developing more effective therapies, which can significantly improve the survival of the patients who do not respond well to current therapeutic strategies. Epidemiological evidence indicates impaired regulation of cell proliferation and survival appears to be a key event in the etiology of the disease. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol or 1,25D) has significant antineoplastic activity by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing differentiation and apoptosis in breast, prostate, colon, skin, and brain cancer. The molecular mechanisms for calcitriol-mediated cancer prevention are still unknown. In particular, the role of calcitriol in modulating OS needs to be investigated. The primary ...

The research team, which included scientists from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and Stanford University, noted after vitamin D binds to the receptor, also blocks a protein called NFAT needed to turn on the gene. Without the gene on, levels of IL-17 fall. Vitamin D also does another job by turning on a gene that produces suppressive T cells to fight destructive IL-17-production that occurs elsewhere.. According to the authors, in mouse models with EAE, vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] diminishes paralysis and progression of the disease and reduces IL-17A-secreting CD4+ T cells in the periphery and central nervous system (CNS).. Identification of the vitamin D pathway could lead to new treatments not only for multiple sclerosis, but for other autoimmune diseases include type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and skin disorders. The authors concluded, Our results describe novel mechanisms and new concepts with regard to vitamin D and the immune system ...

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Calcitriol Receptors: Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA with the participation of D receptor interacting proteins (called DRIP). Vitamin D is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors.

June 21 (Sunday) 14:00~ Registration 15:30~15:50 ,Ocean Hall, Opening Opening Remarks: F. Peter Guengerich (Vanderbilt University School of Medicine) 15:50-16:45 Plenary Lecture ,Ocean Hall, Shigeaki Kato (University of Tokyo): Nuclear vitamin D receptor-regulated expression of the human CYP27B1 gene mediates the DNA methylation/demetylation Session 1 Bioinformatics Chairs: Osamu Gotoh, Daniele Werck-Reichhart S1-L1: 17:00-17:30 Osamu Gotoh (Kyoto University): Birth and death of P450 genes in metazoan S1-L2: 17:30-18:00 Daniele Werck-Reichhart (CNRS-University, de Strasbourg): P450 evolution and neofunctionalization in plants: emergence of a novel phenolic pathway in Brassicaceae S1-L3: 18:00-18:30 Jongsun Park (Seoul National University): Integrated bioinformatics platforms for identifying and analyzing cytochrome P450s from diverse genomic resources S1-L4: 18:30-19:00 Masanori Arita (University of Tokyo): Data management of cross-disciplinary June 22 (Monday) 9:00~13:00 , Summit Hall , Session ...

Nuclear receptors are the central components of the complex signaling processes mediated by nuclear hormones. The specific interaction of a nuclear receptor, such as the VDR, with response elements of promoter regions determines which genes will be regulated by the respective nuclear hormone (i.e., in the case of VDR, which genes are primary VD-responding genes). The complex formation between VDR-RXR heterodimers and their specific VDREs is therefore a central molecular step in the specific activation of VD-responding genes. Investigation of the selective modulation of this complex formation on different types of VDREs by VDR ligands was therefore the subject of this study.. The selective biological profile of EB1089 [i.e., its potent antiproliferative potential combined with a reduced calcemic effect (Nayeri et al., 1995; Danielsson et al., 1997)] was associated with the higher selectivity (approximately 15-fold) of the analogs to activate IP9-type VDREs than DR3-type VDREs (Nayeri et al., ...

Results Clinical signs and symptoms of chronic arthritis were aggravated in hTNFtg mice lacking functional VDR signalling. Moreover, synovial inflammation was clearly increased in VDR−/−hTNFtg mice as compared to hTNFtg mice and was associated with an increased macrophage influx in inflamed joints. In vitro, VDR-deficient monocytes were proinflammatory and hyper-responsive to TNF stimulation associated with prolonged mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and cytokine secretion. Also, VDR−/− monocytes showed enhanced potential to differentiate into bone resorbing osteoclasts in vitro. In line, VDR−/−hTNFtg mice had significantly increased cartilage damage and synovial bone erosions.. ...

AB - A fundamental dilemma of steroid hormone regulation is how specific transcription is attained in vivo when several receptors recognize the same DNA sequence in vitro. We have identified an enhancer of the mouse sex-limited protein (Slp) gene that

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Calcitriol ,Calcitriol manufacturer,Calcitriol CAS No 32222-06-3,Calcitriol Molecular Formula C27H44O3,Calcitriol Synonyms (1R,3S)-5-[2-[(1R,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methyl-heptan-2-yl]-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H- inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidene-cyclohexane-1,3-diol,Calcitriol Molecular weight 416.64 g/mol,Calcitriol manufacturing by A.S.Joshi & Company

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Gene target information for VDR - vitamin D receptor (cattle). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.

Meta-analysis is a statistical approach that combines the results of multiple scientific studies. Although many genetic studies have been conducted to discovery genetic risk factors for T1D, combining the results from these separated studies by using meta-analysis could lead to a higher statistical power and more robust point estimate. In this study, meta-analysis was performed on seven T1D case/control bio-sets extracted from four recent studies. T1D target genes from meta-analysis were sorted by gene score, which is based on the statistical significance and consistency of the gene across the queried bio-sets. Meta-analysis results suggested six top risk genes for T1D (Score ≥ 85), and four of them are novel according to a recently updated database T1D_GD. Further analyses were conducted to study the possible correlation between T1D and these six genes, with more efforts focused on the four novel ones.. Analysis using T1D_GD showed that the two known T1D target genes, HLA-DQB1 and OAS1, are ...

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Of in the blood interfere with vitamin D receptor binds to beneficial minerals such as heart disease and stroke. People of south Asian, Chinese, African-Caribbean or Middle Eastern descent are at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes and gastrointestinal tract.. This helps increase stability and reactivity in extracts, the synergy in herbs and supplements as being practically important.. ...

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FGF23-null mice have a short lifespan and develop features resembling premature ageing. This appears to be a vitamin D-mediated process similar to that observed in klohto (KL) mice [1853]. KL has been shown to be an essential cofactor for activation of FGF signaling by FGF23 [1851]. Though inconclusive at present, FGF23 might play some role in ageing. ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Human prostatic urethra expresses vitamin D receptor and responds to vitamin D receptor ligation. AU - Comeglio, P.. AU - Chavalmane, A. K.. AU - Fibbi, B.. AU - Filippi, S.. AU - Marchetta, M.. AU - Marini, M.. AU - Morelli, A.. AU - Penna, G.. AU - Vignozzi, L.. AU - Vannelli, G. B.. AU - Adorini, L.. AU - Maggi, M.. PY - 2010/11. Y1 - 2010/11. N2 - Background: Chronic inflammation is now considered a determinant of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), promoting, together with the hormonal milieu, prostate overgrowth and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Prostatic urethra actively participates in determining progression of LUTS associated with BPH. Aim: To investigate the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the ability of the VDR agonist elocalcitol to reduce inflammatory responses in human prostatic urethra (hPU) cells. Materials and methods: Human prostatic urethra, prostate and bladder neck were obtained from patients affected by BPH. Immunohistochemical studies ...

Background and Objective: Vitamin D is known to modulate thyroid neoplastic and autoimmune disease. We investigated the role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in normal thyroid development and function (thyrocytes and C cells). Methods: The thyroid phenotype of VDR knockout mice was studied in comparison to wild-type controls. The mice were fed a normal diet or a calcium-rich diet to circumvent effects induced by hypocalcemia. Results: Thyroid morphology was unaltered in VDR knockout mice. Also, expression of different parameters of thyrocyte function was comparable (immunohistochemistry). C cell physiology was, however, affected in the absence of the VDR, resulting in increased thyroidal calcitonin expression (immunohistochemistry), paralleled by increased serum calcitonin levels, but only in normocalcemic mice. To study a possible effect of vitamin D status on basal calcitonin levels in humans, serum calcitonin concentrations were compared between vitamin D-deficient and -sufficient patients ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic variation in the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and risk for colorectal cancer. T2 - Results from the colon cancer family registry. AU - Poynter, Jenny N.. AU - Jacobs, Elizabeth T.. AU - Figueiredo, Jane C.. AU - Lee, Won H.. AU - Conti, David V.. AU - Campbell, Peter T.. AU - Levine, A. Joan. AU - Limburg, Paul. AU - Le Marchand, Loic. AU - Cotterchio, Michelle. AU - Newcomb, Polly A.. AU - Potter, John D.. AU - Jenkins, Mark A.. AU - Hopper, John L.. AU - Duggan, David J.. AU - Baron, John A.. AU - Haile, Robert W.. PY - 2010/2. Y1 - 2010/2. N2 - Epidemiologic evidence supports a role for vitamin D in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Variants in vitamin D-related genes might modify the association between vitamin D levels and CRC risk. In this analysis, we did a comprehensive evaluation of common variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-binding protein (GC; group-specific component) genes using a population-based ...

We have investigated how Wnt and vitamin D receptor signals regulate epidermal differentiation. Many epidermal genes induced by β-catenin, including the stem cell marker keratin 15, contain vitamin D response elements (VDREs) and several are induced independently of TCF/Lef. The VDR is required for β-catenin induced hair follicle formation in adult epidermis, and the vitamin D analog EB1089 synergises with β-catenin to stimulate hair differentiation. Human trichofolliculomas (hair follicle tumours) are characterized by high nuclear β-catenin and VDR, whereas infiltrative basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) have high β-catenin and low VDR levels. In mice, EB1089 prevents β-catenin induced trichofolliculomas, while in the absence of VDR β-catenin induces tumours resembling BCCs. We conclude that VDR is a TCF/Lef-independent transcriptional effector of the Wnt pathway and that vitamin D analogues have therapeutic potential in tumors with inappropriate activation of Wnt signalling.. ...

Although stop codon readthrough is used extensively by viruses to expand their gene expression, verified instances of mammalian readthrough have only recently been uncovered by systems biology and comparative genomics approaches. Previously, our analysis of conserved protein coding signatures that e …

TY - JOUR. T1 - Ability of vitamin D receptor activator to prevent pulmonary congestion in advanced chronic kidney disease. AU - Sueta, Shinichi. AU - Morozumi, Kunio. AU - Takeda, Asami. AU - Horike, Keiji. AU - Otsuka, Yasuhiro. AU - Shinjo, Hibiki. AU - Murata, Minako. AU - Kato, Yuki. AU - Goto, Kazunori. AU - Inaguma, Daijo. PY - 2015/6/17. Y1 - 2015/6/17. N2 - Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the benefits of vitamin D supplementation versus vitamin D receptor activator (VDRA) administration have yet to be established. Recently, an association between activated vitamin D and cardiovascular factors was reported. To evaluate the benefits of VDRA in advanced CKD, we analyzed the association between VDRA administration and the prevalence of pulmonary congestion. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional analysis included patients initiated on dialysis between October 2011 and September 2013 at 17 Japanese institutions. Data ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Genetic variants involved in vitamin D metabolism have been associated with diabetes and related syndromes/diseases. We wanted to investigate possible associations of polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin D metabolism with indices of insulin resistance and insulin secretion, and also with development of diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have studied 376 women with previous GDM. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes for vitamin D receptor (VDR) [rs731236, rs7975232, rs10735810, and rs1544410], vitamin D binding protein (DBP) [rs7041 and rs4588], and cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1 (CYP27B1) [rs10877012 and rs4646536] were genotyped by TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assay using the Quantstudio 7 Flex system. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed 1-2 years postpartum. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the disposition index [(insulinogenic ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The in vitro evaluation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 19-nor-1α,25- dihydroxyvitamin D2 as therapeutic agents for prostate cancer. AU - Chen, Tai C.. AU - Schwartz, Gary G.. AU - Burnstein, Kerry L.. AU - Lokeshwar, Bal L.. AU - Holick, Michael F.. PY - 2000/3/1. Y1 - 2000/3/1. N2 - Prostate cancer cells contain specific receptors [vitamin D receptors (VDRs)] for 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), which is known to inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of these cells. These findings support the use of 1α,25(OH)2D3 for prostate cancer therapy. However, because 1α,25(OH)2D3 can cause hypercalcemia, analogues of 1α,25(OH)2D3 that are less calcemic but that exhibit potent antiproliferative activity would be attractive as therapeutic agents. We investigated the effects of two different types of less calcemic vitamin D compounds, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 19-nor-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 [19-nor-1,25(OH)2D2], and compared their activity to 1α,25(OH)2D3 on ...

Increased levels of vitamin D and calcium may play a protective role in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. It has been suggested that these effects may be mediated by genetic variants of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the calcium sensing receptor (CASR). However, current epidemiologic evidence from European populations for a role of these genes in CRC risk is scarce. In addition, it is not clear whether these genes may modulate CRC risk independently or by interaction with blood vitamin D concentration and level of dietary calcium intake. A case-control study was conducted nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. CRC cases (1,248) were identified and matched to 1,248 control subjects. Genotyping for the VDR (BsmI: rs1544410; Fok1: rs2228570) and CASR (rs1801725) genes was done by Taqman, and serum vitamin D (25OHD) concentrations were measured. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (RR). Compared with the wild-type bb, the BB

The calcitriol receptor, more commonly known as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and also known as NR1I1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 1), is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, binds to the VDR, which then forms a heterodimer with the retinoid-X receptor. This then binds to hormone response elements on DNA resulting in expression or transrepression of specific geneproducts. The VDR not only regulates transcriptional responses but also involved in microRNA-directed post transcriptional mechanisms. In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene. Glucocorticoids are known to decrease expression of VDR, which is expressed in most tissues of the body and regulate intestinal transport of calcium, iron and other minerals. This gene encodes the nuclear hormone receptor for vitamin D3. This receptor also functions as a receptor for the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid. The receptor belongs to the ...

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Vitamin D is a secosteroid of nutritional origin but can also be generated in the skin by ultraviolet light. After two hydroxylations 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D avidly binds and activates the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a nuclear transcription factor, hereby regulating a large number of genes. The generation of VDR deficient mice has expanded the knowledge on vitamin D from a calcium-regulating hormone to a humoral factor with extensive actions. The effects of the vitamin D system on calcium and bone homeostasis are largely mediated by promoting active intestinal calcium transport via the induction of the epithelial calcium channel TRPV6. Although VDR is redundant in bone, it may regulate the differentiation and function of several bone cells. In skin, VDR expression in keratinocytes is essential in a ligand-independent manner for the maintenance of the normal hair cycle. Therefore, VDR but not vitamin D deficiency results in alopecia. Moreover, 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D impairs the proliferation not only of ...

A robust and growing body of research clearly shows that vitamin D is absolutely critical for good health and disease prevention. Vitamin D affects your DNA through vitamin D receptors (VDRs), which bind to specific locations of the human genome. Scientists have identified nearly 3,000 genes that are influenced by vitamin D levels, and vitamin D receptors have been found throughout the human body.. Is it any wonder then that no matter what disease or condition is investigated, vitamin D appears to play a crucial role? This is why I am so excited about the D*Action Project by GrassrootsHealth. It is showing how you can take action today on known science with a consensus of experts without waiting for institutional lethargy. It has shown how by combining the science of measurement (of vitamin D levels) with the personal choice of taking action and, the value of education about individual measures that one can truly be in charge of their own health.. In order to spread this health movement to more ...

Background. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have mitogenic and anti-apoptotic effects on prostate epithelial cells. Through modulation of IGF bioactivity, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) also have growth regulatory effects on prostate cells. Operating through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D shows strong inhibitory effects on prostate cancer growth in both laboratory and human studies. Recent evidence indicates that vitamin D-induced prostate cancer inhibition is accompanied by increased IGFBP expression, suggesting that the vitamin D and IGF regulatory systems may operate together to affect prostate cancer. Methods. We sought to examine whether VDR gene polymorphisms affect prostate cancer risk -either independently or with plasma IGF or IGFBP levels - in a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China. Histologically-confirmed cases of primary prostate cancer newly diagnosed between 1993 and 1995 (N = 191) and randomly selected age-matched population controls (N = 304) ...

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Attaining proper organ size during development and regeneration hinges on the activity of mitogenic factors. Here, we performed a large-scale chemical screen in embryonic zebrafish to identify cardiomyocyte mitogens. Although commonly considered anti-proliferative, vitamin D analogs like alfacalcidol had rapid, potent mitogenic effects on embryonic and adult cardiomyocytes in vivo. Moreover, pharmacologic or genetic manipulation of vitamin D signaling controlled proliferation in multiple adult cell types and dictated growth rates in embryonic and juvenile zebrafish. Tissue-specific modulation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling had organ-restricted effects, with cardiac VDR activation causing cardiomegaly. Alfacalcidol enhanced the regenerative response of injured zebrafish hearts, whereas VDR blockade inhibited regeneration. Alfacalcidol activated cardiac expression of genes associated with ErbB2 signaling, while ErbB2 inhibition blunted its effects on cell proliferation. Our findings ...

Its been proposed that cellular Ca2+ signals activate hormone secretion. polypeptide with two EF-calcium-binding sites that are usually expressed in the mammalian intestine, uterus, and pituitary gland. The major role of this protein is buffering of Ca2+ ions [1]. The discovery of a high affinity receptor in the pancreas for the hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), in 1979 was the first demonstration of a nonclassical target tissue to contain vitamin D receptors (VDR) [2]. Impaired insulin secretory capacity in pancreatic cells was also observed in mice lacking a functional VDR [3]. 1,25(OH)2D3 and its cognitive VDR regulate many target genes, including CaBP-9k. The expression of CaBP-9k has been shown to be mediated by vitamin D response element (VDRE) on its promoter. CaBP-9k regulates the amount of intracellular calcium to prevent cell death from reaching the toxicity of free calcium [4]. Calcium signaling in all secretory cells (nerve cell, endocrine ...

The present analysis of family and case-control data fails to support associations between prostate cancer risk and alleles at the FokI, BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, or Poly(A) polymorphisms in Whites. Among African American men, we observed an increased risk associated with homozygosity for the F allele at the FokI site that was stronger in cases with advanced disease than in those with localized disease. We also found a significant difference in estimated five-locus haplotype frequencies between African American cases and controls.. Several limitations of the study suggest caution in interpreting these findings. These include our inability to genotype all identified cases and controls (with a lower response rate in African Americans than Whites), the lack of consistency in findings across the two races, and the lack of a dose-response trend in risk with number of F alleles in the genotypes, so that excess risk was found only among African Americans homozygous for the FF genotype. Thus, it is important ...

Marshalls research has demonstrated how ingested vitamin D can actually block VDR activation, the opposite effect to that of Sunshine. Instead of a positive effect on gene expression, Marshall reported that his own work, as well as the work of others, shows that quite nominal doses of ingested vitamin D can suppress the proper operation of the immune system. It is a different metabolite, a secosteroid hormone called 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, which activates the VDR to regulate the expression of the genes. Under conditions that exist in infection or inflammation, the body automatically regulates its production of all the vitamin D metabolites, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the metabolite which is usually measured to indicate vitamin D status ...

The VDR gene (contained in every cell of the body) provides instructions for making a protein called vitamin D receptor (VDR), which allows the body to respond appropriately to vitamin D. This vitamin can be acquired from foods in the diet or made in the body by exposure to from sunlight. Vitamin D is involved in maintaining the proper balance of several minerals in the body, including calcium and phosphate, which are essential for the normal formation of bones and teeth. One of vitamin Ds major roles is to control the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the intestines into the bloodstream. Vitamin D is also involved in several process unrelated to bone formation.. VDR attaches (binds) to the active form of vitamin D, known as calcitriol. Calcitrol is produced in the body from Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the liver and kidneys. The interaction with calcitriol allows VDR to partner with another protein called retinoid X receptor (RXR). The resulting complex of proteins then binds to ...

Biological activity of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D derivatives--24-epi-1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D-2 and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-7. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Jan 31; 1091(2):188-92 ...

3vt5: Crystal Structures of Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets-Associated Vitamin D Receptor Mutants R270L and W282R Bound to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and Synthetic Ligands.

3VT5: Crystal structures of hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets-associated vitamin D receptor mutants R270L and W282R bound to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and synthetic ligands.

There is war on the Internet: which hormone medication is better to take if you suffer from hypothyroidism or Hashimotos, synthetic Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Tirosint, Levoxyl, Levothroid, Unithroid, and Novothyrox) that has T4 hormone only or Natural hormones containing blend of T3, T4, T1 and T2 (Calcitonin if it is Nature-Throid)? Natural hormones, animal derived are…

You may think that if you pop a daily multivitamin youve got your vitamin needs covered. Think again. Vitamin D, an essential vitamin and well-known for its role in strong bones, is continuously being linked to more vital life functions. … read more ». ...

1) Background: studies with able-bodied athletes showed that performance might possibly be influenced by vitamin D status. Vitamin D seems to have a direct impact on neuromuscular function by docking on vitamin D receptors in the muscle tissue. Additionally, a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was shown not only in infants and in the elderly but also in healthy adults and spinal cord injure ...

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While immunosuppressive drugs now permit good control of acute allograft rejection, chronic rejection remains an important medical problem, and the induction of stable transplantation tolerance has not yet been achieved in patients. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), a secosteroid hormone that …

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Each strain changed a distinct set of microbial population. LC and LR increased cecal acetate levels. BA significantly decreased adipose and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression. Attenuates obesity ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - An architectural perspective of vitamin D responsiveness. AU - Montecino, Martin. AU - Stein, Gary S.. AU - Cruzat, Fernando. AU - Marcellini, Sylvain. AU - Stein, Janet L.. AU - Lian, Jane B.. AU - van Wijnen, Andre J.. AU - Arriagada, Gloria. PY - 2007/4/15. Y1 - 2007/4/15. N2 - Vitamin D serves as a principal modulator of skeletal gene transcription, thus necessitating an understanding of interfaces between the activity of this steroid hormone and regulatory cascades that are functionally linked to the regulation of skeletal genes. Physiological responsiveness requires combinatorial control where coregulatory proteins determine the specificity of biological responsiveness to physiological cues. It is becoming increasingly evident that the regulatory complexes containing the vitamin D receptor are dynamic rather than static. Temporal and spatial modifications in the composition of these complexes provide a mechanism for integrating regulatory signals to support positive or ...

Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Steve Y Rhieu, Andrew J Annalora, Guochun Wang, Caroline C Flarakos, Rose M Gathungu, Paul Vouros, Rita Sigüeiro, Antonio Mouriño, Inge Schuster, G Tayhas R Palmore, G Satyanarayana Reddy].

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TY - JOUR. T1 - The metabolism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.. AU - Kumar, Rajiv. PY - 1980/6. Y1 - 1980/6. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0019030105&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0019030105&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 6894425. AN - SCOPUS:0019030105. VL - 1. SP - 258. EP - 267. JO - Endocrine Reviews. JF - Endocrine Reviews. SN - 0163-769X. IS - 3. ER - ...

Anti-Dopamine D₂ Receptor Rabbit pAb Anti-Dopamine D₂ Receptor, rabbit polyclonal, specifically recognizes the dopamine D2 receptor in rat brain. Has minimal reactivity with the D2S receptor. It is validated for use in ELISA, WB, & IHC. - Find MSDS or SDS, a COA, data sheets and more information.

Anti-Dopamine D₂ Receptor Rabbit pAb Anti-Dopamine D₂ Receptor, rabbit polyclonal, specifically recognizes the dopamine D2 receptor in rat brain. Has minimal reactivity with the D2S receptor. It is validated for use in ELISA, WB, & IHC. - Find MSDS or SDS, a COA, data sheets and more information.

Brain booster vitamins for adults, Even among adults, a mid-day nap was found to dramatically boost and. Activated vitamin D receptors increase nerve growth in your brain,

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Background: The innate immune response to tuberculosis infection may involve the increased production of nitric oxide and cathelicidin due to the up-regulated expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), though this proposed mechanism remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine how the exposure of human monocytes to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...

University of Miami Miller School of Medicine researchers have found that apart from estrogen receptors, androgen and vitamin D receptors can also be targeted when treating breast cancer.

BioAssay record AID 4853 submitted by ChEMBL: Compound was tested for its ability to displace [125I]GTI binding to 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor recognition sites in pig caudate membranes.

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Great day shooting yesterday at Cloth of Gold, it was a memorial shoot for one of the blokes who died unexpectedly a while back. He was remembered fondly whenever I stuck an arrow in tree which was all to frequent. It was a friendly contest between the two clubs to which he belonged. 20 3D targets shot from 2 different sets of pegs, giving 40 targets in all. I shot poorly in the morning scoring 178 but stormed back with 244 in the afternoon giving a respectable score. There were some very long shots and I finished with 45 yard first arrow kill at an Alligator down hill over a pond ...

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07:00-Dam, that grows hormone the experiment is now the equivalent of a 6 year old boy we are now administering the chemical that will kill that * c*e*n*s*o*r*e*d * hormone, he should be in his mid-teens when the chemical kicks in, then we will have to run the tests to see if we have succeeded, Im just glad that the embryos donors were a marine and a waitress, the best of both worlds ...

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