Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and the corresponding ephrin ligands play a pivotal role in glioma development and progression. infiltrating tumors. ENAH They can both promote and inhibit tumorigenicity depending on the downstream forward and reverse signalling generated. All the above-mentioned features SF1126 make the Ephs/ephrins system an intriguing candidate for the development of new therapeutic strategies in glioma treatment. This review will give a general overview on structure and function of Ephs and ephrins with particular emphasis on the state-of-the-knowledge of their role in malignant gliomas. first showed that EphA2 overexpression was sufficient to transform mammary epithelial cells (62). Since then EphA2 overexpression was associated with several malignancies like ovarian carcinoma (63) pancreatic malignancy (64) and several others (24). This receptor is also expressed in astrocytomas and its expression markedly increases with an increasing pathologic grade (65). About 60% of GBMs ...

ウサギ・ポリクローナル抗体 ab64820 交差種: Ms,Hu 適用: WB,ELISA,IHC-P…Eph receptor B1 + Eph receptor B2 + Eph receptor B3 + Eph receptor…

Upon contact with ephrin-expressing cells, Eph receptors elicit cellular signaling and biological outcomes by assembly of oligomeric signaling clusters; compelling experimental evidence over the past decade attests that it is the sum of Ephs on a given cell competing for available ephrins on interacting cells, which determines the cellular response (Brown et al., 2000; Reber et al., 2004), typically adhesion or segregation between the interacting cells (Davy and Soriano, 2005; Pasquale, 2005; Egea and Klein, 2007). In recognition of the two Eph/ephrin specificity subclasses (Gale et al., 1996; Pasquale, 2004), it has been generally assumed that individual signaling clusters comprise Eph receptors, which are competent to interact with the corresponding ephrins. Indeed, ephrin-Fc or ephrin-alkaline phosphatase fusion proteins have been used to define the Eph/ephrin specificity subclasses (Gale et al., 1996; Pasquale, 2004) through interaction with relevant Eph family members (Cheng et al., 1995; ...

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are largely known for their involvement in brain development. But, as these receptors are also expressed in the adult, their

TY - JOUR. T1 - Ephs and ephrins. AU - Taylor, Hannah. AU - Campbell, Jess D. AU - Nobes, Catherine D.. PY - 2017/2/6. Y1 - 2017/2/6. N2 - Eph receptors comprise the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with fourteen receptors divided into two subfamilies - EphAs and EphBs. Yet, despite their multitude of functions in almost all tissues of the body, these receptors represent one of the most underappreciated RTK families. What makes Eph receptors unique is that their cognate ligands, the ephrins, are tethered to the cell surface, in contrast to other RTKs whose ligands are generally soluble. This phenomenon means that signalling through Eph receptors is largely dependent on cell-cell contact. In this way, Eph receptors allow cells to sense their immediate surrounding cellular microenvironment and make appropriate behavioural decisions. For example, Eph receptors control whether two contacting cells are repelled by, or attracted to, each other. As such, they play an important role ...

The intimate communication between cancer cells and host-derived stromal and myeloid cells (1), which are recruited from the bone marrow (2) and constitute the vascularized tumor microenvironment (TME), is critical for primary tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis (3). Among the proteins considered instrumental in establishing the TME (1), Ephs and their cell-associated ephrin ligands are implicated in neoangiogenesis and invasive tumor growth, and are increasingly being recognized as therapeutic targets entering clinical trials (4).. Ephs RTKs comprise A- and B-type receptors that interact preferentially with GPI-linked type-A ephrins, and transmembrane type-B ephrins, respectively. Their activation triggers context- dependent signaling pathways that control cell spreading, adhesion, cell migration, and (stem) cell proliferation. Ephs function also in the absence of kinase activity, usually with the opposite outcome, promoting cell-spreading, cell-cell adhesion, invasion, and supporting stem ...

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References for Abcams Recombinant human Eph receptor A1 protein (ab101778). Please let us know if you have used this product in your publication

38. G-CSFを産生し, 急激な転機をとった肺多形性肉腫の1例(第142回 日本肺癌学会関東支部会, 支部活動) （2005 ...

Looking for online definition of EPH receptor A3 in the Medical Dictionary? EPH receptor A3 explanation free. What is EPH receptor A3? Meaning of EPH receptor A3 medical term. What does EPH receptor A3 mean?

Eph receptors (Ephs, after erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptors) are a group of receptors that are activated in response to binding with Eph receptor-interacting proteins (Ephrins). Ephs form the largest known subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Both Eph receptors and their corresponding ephrin ligands are membrane-bound proteins that require direct cell-cell interactions for Eph receptor activation. Eph/ephrin signaling has been implicated in the regulation of a host of processes critical to embryonic development including axon guidance, formation of tissue boundaries, cell migration, and segmentation. Additionally, Eph/ephrin signaling has recently been identified to play a critical role in the maintenance of several processes during adulthood including long-term potentiation, angiogenesis, and stem cell differentiation and cancer. Ephs can be divided into two subclasses, EphAs and EphBs (encoded by the genetic loci designated EPHA and EPHB respectively), based on ...

EphA2, a member of Eph family receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, including breast cancers (Merlos-Suárez and Batlle, 2008; Pasquale, 2008). Overexpression of EphA2 is associated with an aggressive and metastatic cellular phenotype in breast cancers, and recent studies have revealed that EphA2 acts as a downstream effector of EGF receptors to promote cancer cell motility and invasion, independently of the ligand ephrin stimulation (Zelinski et al., 2001; Macrae et al., 2005; Larsen et al., 2007; Brantley-Sieders et al., 2008; Miao et al., 2009). Conversely, stimulation of EphA2 with its ligand ephrinA1 in cancer cells inhibits cell proliferation and migration (Miao et al., 2009). However, the mechanisms underlying the oncogenic effects of EphA2 remain poorly understood.. Rho family small GTPases play pivotal roles in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration and also contribute to many steps in cancer initiation and progression ...

Synapses form when highly motile dendritic filopodia establish axonal contacts. When a synaptic contact is stabilized, it gives rise to the formation of a dendritic spine, which has recently been shown to involve a number of molecules that mostly regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Thus, it is not surprising that Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, as known regulators of signaling pathways involved in actin cytoskeleton remodeling, have been shown to be required for spine development and maintenance. The main characteristic of interactions of the Eph receptor with its membrane associated ephrin ligand is that they can propagate bidirectional signals. Both forward (downstream of Eph receptor) and reverse (downstream of ephrin ligand) signaling have been shown to play a role in mature synapses, where spine morphology changes are associated with synaptic plasticity. Thus, ephrinB reverse signaling might be as important for dendritic spine development as signaling pathways downstream of Eph receptors. ...

EPHA1 (EPH receptor A1), Authors: Brett Stringer, Nirmitha Herath, Shannon Duffy, Mark Coulthard, Andrew Boyd. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol.

The generation of a functional nervous system requires that neuronal cells and axons navigate precisely to their appropriate targets. The Eph Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) and their ephrin ligands have emerged as one ...

Complete information for EPHA5 gene (Protein Coding), EPH Receptor A5, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

Complete information for EPHA5 gene (Protein Coding), EPH Receptor A5, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

Protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent mechanisms promote synaptic function in the mature brain. However, the roles of PKC signaling during synapse development remain largely unknown. Investigating each brain-enriched PKC isoform in early neuronal development, we show that PKCε acutely and specifically re …

In neuroscience, Ephs and ephrins are perhaps best known for their role in axon guidance. It was first shown in the visual system that graded expression of these proteins is instrumental in providing

Gene target information for EPHA3 - EPH receptor A3 (cattle). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.

Ishikawa, M. and Shimojo, M. (1982) A Method for Measuring the Center Position of a Two Dimensional Distributed Load Using Pressure-Conductive Rubber. Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers, 18, 730-735.

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) constitute a well-characterized receptor-ligand system that plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, survival, and motility (1-4). EGFR is involved in oncogenic transformation, which can be caused by receptor overexpression, autocrine ligand loops, gene amplification, or activating mutations such as the EGFR type III deletion mutant (EGFRvIII; refs. 5-8).. In a global search for EGFR and EGFRvIII regulated genes, we recently found the mRNA level of the receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2 to be up-regulated by ligand-activated EGFR and the constitutively active variant EGFRvIII (9).. The cDNA sequence of EphA2 (previously known as epithelial cell kinase) was first described by Lindberg and Hunter in 1990 (10). EphA2 belongs to the Eph receptor family, which is the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (11). Based on similarities in the extracellular domain sequences, the Eph receptors are divided into ...

Recent efforts in analyzing cancer genome have identified EPHA2 as one of the genes that are elevated in human lung cancer, and high levels of EPHA2 are associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, mechanistic basis for EPHA2 in lung cancer promotion remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that EPHA2 regulates tumor cell proliferation and motility through the JNK-c-JUN pathway. In addition, we provide evidence that EPHA2 is important for CSC function. Collectively, these data identified JNK/c-JUN as a major signaling pathway that is activated by oncogenic EPHA2 receptor in NSCLC, and a critical role for EPHA2 in CSCs.. Multiple intracellular signaling pathways have been linked to EPHA2 receptor in cancer cells (reviewed in refs. 2, 25). Ligand stimulation of EPHA2 has been shown to inhibit ERK and AKT phosphorylation, and tumor cell proliferation and motility in prostate and lung cancer cells, as well as in malignant glioma cells (11, 26, 27). Conversely, ligand-independent EPHA2 ...

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Mouse polyclonal antibody raised against a full-length human EPHA2 protein. EPHA2 (NP_004422.2, 1 a.a. ~ 976 a.a) full-length human protein. (H00001969-B02) - Products - Abnova

Creative Biostructure has established a high-performance and ready-to-go platform for iterative crystallography service on Ephrin type-A receptor 2.

EpH4 1424.1 was derived from BALB/c mouse xenografts initiated with EpH4 cells stably transfected with an expression vector containing Glu-Glu epitope-tagged phosphorylation site MEK1 mutant (MEKDD).  Cells were rederived from a metastatic tumor to the kidney after selection with 1 mg/mL G418 in complete medium.

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EphrinB ligands and their Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are known to regulate excitatory synaptic functions in the hippocampus. In the CA3-CA1 synapse, ephrinB ligands are localized to the post-synaptic membrane, while their cognate Eph receptors can be expressed in both pre-and post-synaptic membranes. Previous studies show that interaction of ephrinB molecules with Eph receptors leads to changes in long-term potentiation (LTP), suggesting that reverse signaling through postsynaptic ephrinBs may be required for learning and memory. Our collaborative studies demonstrate that the cytoplasmic domain of ephrinB3, and hence reverse signaling, is not required for ephrinB-dependent learning and memory tasks or for LTP of these synapses. We demonstrate that ephrinB3 null mutants show changes in several synaptic proteins including reduced levels of NMDA receptor subunits. These abnormalities are not observed in ephrinB3lacZ reverse signaling mutants, supporting an Eph receptor forward signaling role for

Eph receptor tyrosine kinase signaling regulates malignancy initiation and metastatic development through multiple systems. including breast malignancy, yet their exact functions in cancer arent well recognized. Data from latest studies shown that Eph receptors and ephrins function in both tumor cells as well as the tumor microenvironment, with dual functions in tumor Rabbit polyclonal to PLAC1 suppression and tumor advertising. With this review we spotlight key leads to the region of Eph receptor appearance, tumor biology, and therapeutics in breasts cancer tumor, with an focus on EphA2 and EphB4 receptors. Eph receptor in mammary gland advancement Mammary epithelial morphogenesis is certainly a complicated developmental process where a thorough network of branched ducts forms from a rudimentary epithelial bud. This technique, termed branching morphogenesis, is certainly controlled by endocrine human hormones and regional paracrine interaction between your developing epithelial ducts and ...

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msp-64 encodes a protein that belongs to a family of proteins called the Major Sperm Proteins (MSPs) that is conserved in nematodes; this family consists of closely related, small, basic proteins that make up 15% of sperm protein; this multigene family consists of over fifty genes, including many pseudogenes; MSPs are involved in both extracellular signaling and cytoskeletal functions during reproduction-MSP antagonizes Eph/ephrin signaling, in part, by binding VAB-1 Eph receptor tyrosine kinase on oocytes and sheath cells to promote oocyte maturation and MAPK activation; MSPs assemble into fibrous networks that drive movement of the C. elegans sperm; msp genes are expressed only in late primary spermatocytes ...

EphA7 est un membre de la famille des récepteurs à tyrosine kinase Eph, qui régulent ladhérence et la motilité cellulaires. EphA7 est hautement conservé chez les vertébrés et largement exprimé durant lembryogenèse, en particulier pendant le développement du SNC. Dans le cerveau adulte, EphA7 est transcrit principalement dans lhippocampe, avec de faibles niveaux dexpression ailleurs. Nous avons cartographié sa distribution dans le cerveau du rat et de la souris adultes, par hybridation in situ et immunohistochimie en microscopie photonique et électronique. Les deux méthodes montrent une distribution de marquage très cohérente. Le signal le plus fort a été observé dans lhippocampe, avec des niveaux moins élevés dans lhabénula, le striatum, lamygdale, les cortex cingulaire, piriforme et entorhinal, ainsi que le cervelet. Au niveau ultrastructural, dans lhippocampe, limmunoréactivité dEphA7 a été localisée dans le cytoplasme des cellules granulaires (gyrus ...

Greg Lemke discovered a family of three receptor tyrosine kinases, called TAM receptors, which play a crucial role in telling immune cells how to handle infection from bacteria, viruses and other pathogens, as well as normal cellular debris. His lab showed how problems with the TAM receptors (called Axl, Mer and Tyro3) or their pathways are associated with increased levels of drug-resistant cancer as well as inflammation and autoimmune disease. Understanding how to separate the roles of each receptor could lead to new classes of drugs to fight viruses and bacteria. Aside from immune function, TAM receptors are involved in the healthy development of the nervous system. Lemke also focuses on another major family of receptor tyrosine kinases, called Eph receptors. These are one of the earliest to show up in the developing brain of a fetus and help to guide neuronal connections. Eph receptors help neurons-like those that link the eyes to the brain-know where to go as they grow.. ...

OBJECTIVE: To characterise the result of interleukin-4 (IL-4) around the biosynthesis of cyclo-oxygenases We (COX We) and II (COX II), the pace restricting enzymes of the formation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in freshly ready rheumatoid synovial cells. decrease the mRNA focus of COX II in interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) activated cultured synovial fibroblasts at passages … Read more OBJECTIVE: To characterise the result of interleukin-4 (IL-4) around the biosynthesis. Read More ...

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The present invention provides a method of screening for compounds which affect the processing of EphA4 by .gamma.-secretase, which includes the following steps: (i) contacting a first biological composition containing .gamma.-secretase or a biologically active fragment thereof with a second biological composition containing EphA4 in the presence and absence of a candidate compound; (ii) measuring the cleavage of the EphA4 in the presence and absence of the candidate compound; (iii) selecting those candidate compounds which affect the cleavage of the EphA4 by .gamma.-secretase; and (iv) identifying the candidate compounds selected in step (iii) as compounds which affect the processing of EphA4 by .gamma.-secretase.

Recombinant human EPHA2 (amino acids 561-end) was expressed by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells using an N-terminal GST tag. EPHA2 is a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of protein-tyrosine kinases that bind the ephrin-A ligand and have diverse cellular function.

Recombinant human EPHA3 (571-end) was expressed by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells using an N-terminal GST tag. EPHA3 is a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of protein-tyrosine kinases that bind the ephrin-A ligand and have diverse cellular function.

Expression of EPHA4 (Hek8, TYRO1) in cancer tissue. The cancer tissue page shows antibody staining of the protein in 20 different cancers.

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Hatanaka R, Obara T, Watabe D, Ishikawa T, Kondo T, Ishikura K, Aikawa T, Aono Y, Hara A, Metoki H, Asayama K, Kikuya M, Mano N, Ohkubo T, Izumi S, Imai Y ...

H Ueyama, T Kiyohara, N Sawada, K Isozaki, S Kitamura, S Kondo, J Miyagawa, S Kanayama, Y Shinomura, H Ishikawa, T Ohtani, R Nezu, S Nagata, Y Matsuzawa ...