Evidence was found for different outcomes to middle cerebral artery occlusion in the young genetically hypertensive stroke-prone rat (SHRSP) compared to sham operated controls and the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). Qualitatively and quantitatively different gross lesions marked by Evans blue-albumin, cortical atrophy, large areas of strikingly altered cortical histology, postoperative survival and motor behavioral deficits differentiate young SHRSP from sham operated controls and the normotensive WKY. We conclude that the limited focal lesion observed in normotensive and sham operated rats is primarily due to surgical trauma of exposing the vessel and passing the ligature deep to it. The grossly larger and qualitatively different lesion in the SHRSP is the result of an inadequate circulation provided by the dorsal cerebral arterial collaterals. Since the 5-6 week old SHRSP were only mildly hypertensive (systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg), the inadequate collateral circulation appears to be related to ...

In previous studies, we measured a greater intracellular free calcium concentration and net potassium efflux, possibly calcium activated, in lymphocytes from spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP) as compared with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. In this study, we addressed two related questions: 1) Can the greater intralymphocytic calcium concentration of the SHRSP account for the greater net potassium efflux? 2) Is the calcium sensitivity of calcium-activated potassium channels in lymphocytes from SHRSP different as compared with that of those from WKY rats? Ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, caused a concentration-dependent and proportional increase in net potassium efflux and intracellular free calcium concentration in lymphocytes from both strains of rat. Based on the relations between net potassium efflux and intracellular free calcium concentration established with ionomycin, the resting net potassium efflux of lymphocytes from SHRSP is greater than would be predicted based on the ...

전신성 고혈압에서는 말초혈관의 저항증가로 말초혈관 평활근의 수축력이 증가하는데, 이는 혈관 평활근내 근세망에서 칼슘의 흡수가 증가되기 때문이다. 최근 항고혈압제로 사용되는 nifedipine은 주로 말초혈관 평활근내로의 칼슘흡수를 저해함으로써, 혈관 평활근의 수축력이 감소하고 혈관 이완효과로 인한 혈압하강이 나타난다. 1987년 Rodriguez-Sargent 등에 의한 보고에서는 Dahl-Salt-sensitive Rat(DSR)에서 고혈압과 함께 수정체의 수분과 sodium, potassium의 함량변화로 인한 백내장 발생빈도의 증가가 보고된 바 있다. 이에 연구자는 고혈압의 영향을 연구하는 실험동물인 고혈압성 흰쥐(Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat : 이하 SHR로 약술)를 사용하여, 혈압하강제인 nifedipine 을 투여하여 혈압하강 효과를 검증하고, 수정체의 수분과 양이온(sodium과 potassium)의 변화를 측정 비교하여 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Oxotremorine-induced cerebral hyperemia does not predict infarction volume in spontaneously hypertensive or stroke-prone rats. AU - Harukuni, Izumi. AU - Takahashi, Hiroshi. AU - Traystman, Richard J.. AU - Bhardwaj, Anish. AU - Kirsch, Jeffrey R.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - Objectives: We tested the following hypotheses: a) spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHR-SP) have more brain injury than spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive controls (Wistar-Kyoto rats [WKY]) when exposed to transient focal ischemia; b) infarction size is not correlated with baseline blood pressure; and c) infarction size is inversely related to the cerebral hyperemic response to oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist that increases cerebral blood flow (CBF) by stimulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Design: In vivo study. Setting: Animal laboratory in a university teaching hospital. Subjects: Adult age-matched male WKY, SHR, and SHR-SP. Interventions: Rats were instrumented ...

BioAssay record AID 332368 submitted by ChEMBL: Vasorelaxation activity in SHR rat assessed as reduction of Bay-K 8644-induced mean arterial blood pressure at 15 mg/kg, iv after 20 mins.

In this study, we evaluate the effect of HO-1 upregulation on blood pressure and cardiac function in the new model of infarct spontaneous hypertensive rats (ISHR). Male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) at 13 weeks (n = 40) and age-matched male Wistar (WT) rats (n = 20) were divided into six groups: WT (sham + normal saline (NS)), WT (sham + Co(III) Protoporphyrin IX Chloride (CoPP)), SHR (myocardial infarction (MI) + NS), SHR (MI + CoPP), SHR (MI + CoPP + Tin Mesoporphyrin IX Dichloride (SnMP)), SHR (sham + NS); CoPP 4.5 mg/kg, SnMP 15 mg/kg, for six weeks, one/week, i.p., n = 10/group. At the sixth week, echocardiography (UCG) and hemodynamics were performed. Then, blood samples and heart tissue were collected. Copp treatment in the SHR (MI + CoPP) group lowered blood pressure, decreased infarcted area, restored cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), +dp/dtmax, (−dp/dtmax)/left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP)), inhibited

In experiments vitro on the mitochondria isolated from adult and spontaneous hypertensive rat hearts, we studied the sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening to its natural inductor, Ca2+. We observed an increase in the sensitivity of mPTP opening to Ca2+ in the heart of spontaneous hypertensive rats because of a decrease in the threshold concentration of this ion required for organ-elles swelling by two orders of magnitude. It was shown that the classical inhibitor mPTP cyclosporin A (10-5 mol / L) partially (54%) inhibited of mPTP opening in the heart of these animals, indicating that the presence in the heart of these animals of cyclosporin A-insensitive component of the mPTP. The results of our observations give reason to conclude that the hypertensive state of the organism is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, which is characterized, in par-ticular, by an increased sensitivity mPTP to Ca2+, eliciting a widespread tissue damage and diseases of the ...

Salt sensitive hypertension is known to be a contributing factor for the progression of kidney disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of excessive dietary salt on renal function and to evaluate the effect of valsartan and amlodipin given as a combination therapy on blood pressure and parameters specific to the renal function in salt loaded SHR rats. 48 male SHR rats at age of 20 weeks and body weight ranging between 270-350 g were used. SHR rats were divided into 3 groups: control group of rats -SHRC (n = 16) given tab water ad libitum and two salt treated groups in which tab water was replaced with a solution of NaCl (1%) from age of 8 weeks given ad libitum: SHRVAL+AMLO group (n = 16) where investigated drugs were administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/ b.w. (valsartan) and 5 mg/kg/ b.w. (amlodipin) by gavage and SHR NaCl group (n = 16) that received saline in the same volume and the same time intervals as the SHRVAL+AMLO group. For a period of 12 weeks we have investigated the ...

Salt sensitive hypertension is known to be a contributing factor for the progression of kidney disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of excessive dietary salt on renal function and to evaluate the effect of valsartan and amlodipin given as a combination therapy on blood pressure and parameters specific to the renal function in salt loaded SHR rats. 48 male SHR rats at age of 20 weeks and body weight ranging between 270-350 g were used. SHR rats were divided into 3 groups: control group of rats -SHRC (n = 16) given tab water ad libitum and two salt treated groups in which tab water was replaced with a solution of NaCl (1%) from age of 8 weeks given ad libitum: SHRVAL+AMLO group (n = 16) where investigated drugs were administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/ b.w. (valsartan) and 5 mg/kg/ b.w. (amlodipin) by gavage and SHR NaCl group (n = 16) that received saline in the same volume and the same time intervals as the SHRVAL+AMLO group. For a period of 12 weeks we have investigated the ...

Pain is a complex and subjective experience that involves the transduction of noxious stimuli by nociceptive fibers, but also cognitive and emotional aspects [1]. For instance, human studies indicate that pain is perceived as less intense when individuals are distracted from the pain [2]. Gender and genetic differences also influence the pain perception and a number of animal models have been used to study the influence of these factors on nociception [3]. The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) show abnormal nociceptive reactivity in several nociceptive tests [4-8]. In the hot-plate test, SHR are hypoalgesic when compared to rats of other strains [4, 5, 7, 8], but they show normal properties of nociceptive fibers [9]. We have recently reported that hypoalgesia was no longer observed in SHR rats after habituation to the unheated hot-plate apparatus, suggesting that their hypoalgesic phenotype may involve cognitive processes (e.g. distraction) [8]. This is consistent with the fact that SHR have ...

The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) initially bred in Kyoto is the most widely studied animal model of essential hypertension. As controls for the SHR, most workers have used normotensive descendants of Wistar rats from the colony in Kyoto from which the SHR strain was derived (Wistar-Kyoto rats, WKY). But the presumption that WKY are serviceable controls for SHR rests on the tacit assumption that all WKY constitute a single inbred strain. It appears, however, that whereas the National Institutes of Health distributed breeding stocks of SHR after they had been fully inbred (i.e., after 20 generations of brother-sister mating), the breeding stocks of WKY were distributed before they had been fully inbred. Accordingly, the biological variability of WKY may be greater than that of SHR. To investigate this possibility, we obtained SHR and WKY from two of the largest commercial suppliers in the United States and systematically measured the growth rate and blood pressure of these rats under identical

Cell Biologics provides custom services to our customers upon request. If you have any special needs in cell isolation, please contact us: [email protected].. Thank you!. Cell Biologics. ...

The numbers of monocytes and macrophages in the walls of cerebral blood vessels were counted on perfusion-fixed frozen brain sections (16 JLffi) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP), normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and young (16-week-old) and old (2-year-old) normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats (SD-l6w and SD-2y, respectively) using monoclonal antiborlies against rat macrophages (ED2). The staining was visualized with fluoresceinlabeled second antiborlies. The ED2-specific staining in brain sections was restricted to macrophages in a perivascular location. The number of perivascular cells per square millimeter of high-power field was significantly greater in SHR-SP (8.6 ± 2.1; n = 4) and SHR (6. 7 ± 0.9; n = 6) than in normotensive WKY (4.0 ± 0.5; n = 6; p ,0.01). The number of perivascular macrophages was also greater in SD-2y (7.5 ± 2.7; n = 9) than in SD-l6w (2.9 ± 1.8; n = 8; p , 0.01). No ED2 staining was found in the resident microglia or in the ...

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We have demonstrated that the mesenteric arteries of rats with either genetic hypertension or experimental hypertension induced by dexoycorticosterone have similar biochemical alterations which were manifested by (a) increased amount of total wet weight of arteries as well as total protein content of isolated arterial plasma membranes, (b) increased alkaline phosphatase activities in the plasma membranes of arterial smooth muscle, and (c) decreased ATP-dependent transport of calcium by the arterial plasma membranes. The observed abnormal biochemical properties cannot be attributed to the use of different strains of normotensive control rats in the case of genetic hypertension. Deoxycorticosterone treatment alone slightly enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity but did not alter calcium accumulation, weight or protein content of plasma membranes from arterial smooth muscle. The results suggest that abnormal biochemistry of the plasma membrane isolated from small arteries of hypertensive animals, ...

SHR is one of the many distributions that currently work on the Openmoko phones. You can compare a distribution with an Operating System on normal computers. It gives the phone all the software needed for operating. For more information about the different flavors, see distributions. SHR (Stable Hybrid Release) is a community driven distribution based on the FSO framework. SHR can use several different graphical toolkits, for example GTK or EFL. At first, SHR was introduced in order to use the Om 2007.2 GTK software in combination with the new FSO, but things have changed, now SHR comes with a full SHR User Manual in the OpenMoko-Wiki, that supports novice users in their first steps and SHR moves forward to a distribution for every day use. SHR is based on linux kernel and Openembedded ...

O:13:\PanistOpenUrl\:36:{s:10:\\u0000*\u0000openUrl\;N;s:6:\\u0000*\u0000idc\;N;s:6:\\u0000*\u0000fmt\;s:7:\journal\;s:6:\\u0000*\u0000doi\;s:0:\\;s:6:\\u0000*\u0000pii\;s:0:\\;s:7:\\u0000*\u0000pmid\;s:0:\\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000atitle\;s:119:\ADRENERGIC MECHANISMS DO NOT CONTRIBUTE TO SALT-INDUCED VASOCONSTRICTION IN STROKE-PRONE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000jtitle\;s:0:\\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000stitle\;s:0:\\;s:7:\\u0000*\u0000date\;s:4:\1982\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000volume\;s:0:\\;s:8:\\u0000*\u0000issue\;s:0:\\;s:8:\\u0000*\u0000spage\;s:0:\\;s:8:\\u0000*\u0000epage\;s:0:\\;s:8:\\u0000*\u0000pages\;s:0:\\;s:7:\\u0000*\u0000issn\;s:0:\\;s:8:\\u0000*\u0000eissn\;s:0:\\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000aulast\;s:9:\TAKESHITA\;s:10:\\u0000*\u0000aufirst\;s:1:\A\;s:9:\\u0000*\u0000auinit\;N;s:10:\\u0000*\u0000auinitm\;N;s:5:\\u0000*\u0000au\;a:3:{i:0;s:10:\IMAIZUMI T\;i:1;s:10:\ASHIHARA T\;i:2;s:10:\NAKAMURA ...

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SHR # 1057 :: An Anti-Aging Remedy That Costs Nothing Works Immediately And Is Available To Everyone Right Now :: Guest: Brooks Kubik :: When we think

Warts and molluscum contagiosum are caused by an infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) from skin-to-skin contact or by coming into contact with anything that has been touched by someone with a wart.

We hypothesized that chronic inhibition of NF-κB activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) delays the progression of hypertension and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by up-regulating anti-inflammatory cytokines, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs), attenuating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and NAD(P)H oxidase in the PVN of young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Young normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and SHR rats received bilateral PVN infusions with NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) or vehicle for 4 weeks. SHR rats had higher mean arterial pressure and cardiac hypertrophy as indicated by increased whole heart weight/body weight ratio, whole heart weight/tibia length ratio, left ventricular weight/tibia length ratio, cardiomyocyte diameters of the left cardiac ventricle, and mRNA expressions of cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC). These SHR rats had higher PVN levels of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs), ...

Oxidative stress is a major mediator of cellular injury following ischaemic stroke and reactive oxygen species, like superoxide, have multiple deleterious effects on the components of the neurovascular unit. It is well established that NADPH oxidase is the principal source of superoxide in acute ischaemic stroke and is therefore a target for potential neuroprotective strategies (Moskowitz et al, 2010). Consequently, the second aim of this thesis was to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of NADPH oxidase inhibition with low and high dose apocynin following permanent or transient ischaemia. Rats were administered apocynin at a dose of 5mg/kg or 30mg/kg or vehicle, at 5 minutes post-MCAO. Apocynin treatment had no significant effect on infarct volume or functional outcome at 24 hours following permanent MCAO in WKY rats. However, both low and high dose apocynin treatment significantly reduced infarct volume at 72 hours post-MCAO by 60% following 1 hour of ischaemia in Sprague-Dawley ...

The present study examines effects of administration of OKY 046, an inhibitor of thromboxane synthesis, for 100 days on systemic blood pressure and renal function in spontaneously hypertensive rats and in normotensive control rats. Untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats had higher values for thromboxane excretion in the urine and higher values for blood pressure than did normotensive control rats. Administration of OKY 046 decreased systolic and mean arterial blood pressure and urinary excretion of thromboxane and protein in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Administration of OKY 046 decreased thromboxane excretion in the urine of normotensive control rats but had no effect on blood pressure or protein excretion. Renal function, as assessed by the clearances of inulin and p-aminohippuric acid, was greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with OKY 046 than in those receiving vehicle alone. In normotensive control rats, OKY 046 administration did not affect renal function. These ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Attenuation and recovery of brain stem autoregulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. AU - Toyoda, Kazunori. AU - Fujii, Kenichiro. AU - Ibayashi, Setsuro. AU - Kitazono, Takanari. AU - Nagao, Tetsuhiko. AU - Takaba, Hitonori. AU - Fujishima, Masatoshi. PY - 1998/3. Y1 - 1998/3. N2 - Cerebral large arteries dilate actively around the lower limits of CBF autoregulation, mediated at least partly by nitric oxide, and maintain CBF during severe hypotension. We tested the hypothesis that this autoregulatory response of large arteries, as well as the response of arterioles, is altered in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and that the altered response reverts to normal during long-term antihypertensive treatment with cilazapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. In anesthetized 6- to 7-month-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), 4- and 6- to 7-month-old SHR without antihypertensive treatment, and 6- to 7-month-old SHR treated with cilazapril for 10 weeks, local CBF ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhanced vascular reactivity to mastoparan, a g protein activator, in genetically hypertensive rats. AU - Kanagy, Nancy L.. AU - Clinton Webb, R.. PY - 1994/6. Y1 - 1994/6. N2 - Vascular smooth muscle from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats has an increased responsiveness to the vasoconstrictors angiotensin II and serotonin. This abnormality is postulated to contribute to the hypertension characteristic of this strain of rats. We hypothesized that a portion of the increased responsiveness may be due to altered function of G proteins. This hypothesis was tested using mastoparan, a peptide that mimics ligand-bound receptors to stimulate G proteins directly. In addition, we investigated the mechanism of mastoparan-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle. Changes in isometric tension were recorded in denuded carotid artery strips from hypertensive and normotensive (Wistar-Kyoto) rats. Vascular strips from the hypertensive rats had a significantly greater response to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Intestinal Calcium Transport in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) and Their Genetically Matched WKY Rats. AU - Shibata, Harumichi. AU - Ghishan, Fayez K.. PY - 1990/5. Y1 - 1990/5. N2 - Calcium transport across the basolateral membranes of the enterocyte represents the active step in calcium translocation. This step occurs by two mechanisms, an ATP-dependent pump and a Ca2+/Na+ exchange process. These studies were designed to investigate these two processes in jejunal basolateral membrane vesicles (BLMV) of the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their genetically matched controls, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. The ATP-dependent calcium uptake was stimulated several-fold compared with no ATP condition in both SHR and WKY, but no differences were noted between rate of calcium uptake in SHR and WKY. Kinetics of ATP-dependent calcium uptake at concentrations between 0.01 and 1.0 μM revealed a V max of 0.67 ± 0.03 nmol/mg protein/20 sec and a Km of 0.2 ± 0.03 μM in SHR and V ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats. AU - Lin, Yingzi. AU - Tsuchihashi, Takuya. AU - Matsumura, Kiyoshi. AU - Fukuhara, Masayo. AU - Ohya, Yusuke. AU - Fujii, Koji. AU - Iida, Mitsuo. PY - 2003/10. Y1 - 2003/10. N2 - We have previously reported that urotensin II acts on the central nervous system to increase blood pressure in normotensive rats. In the present study, we have determined the central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of urotensin II elicited a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure in both SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The changes in mean arterial pressure induced by ICV urotensin II at doses of 1 and 10 nmol in the WKY were 8±2 and 23±3mmHg, respectively. ICV administration of urotensin II caused significantly greater, increases in blood pressure in SHR (16±3 mmHg at 1 nmol and 35±3 mmHg at 10 nmol, respectively) ...

1 the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor function in mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was investigated by comparing membrane potential changes in response to adrenergic agonists in preparations from female SHR, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and normotensive Wistar rats (NWR).2 Resting membrane potential was found to be less negative in mesenteric arteries from SHR than in those from NWR and WKY. Apamin induced a decrease in the membrane potential of mesenteric artery rings without endothelium from NWR and WKY, but had no effects in those from SHR. Both UK 14,304 and adrenaline, in the presence of prazosin, induced a hyperpolarization that was significantly lower in de-endothelialized mesenteric rings from SHR than in those from NWR and WKY. in mesenteric rings with endothelium, however, similar hyperpolarization was observed in the three strains.3 in NWR mesenteric rings with endothelium the hyperpolarization induced by activation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors was abolished by apamin, whereas in ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Regenerative electrical activity and arterial contraction in hypertensive rats. AU - Lamb, Fred S.. AU - Webb, R Clinton. PY - 1989/1/1. Y1 - 1989/1/1. N2 - Isolated tail arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats-stroke prone strain (SHRSP) display oscillatory contractile responses to norepinephrine. These oscillations are not observed in tail arteries from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The mechanism underlying these oscillatory contractions was investigated by simultaneous measurement of isometric force development and membrane potential (Em) from tail artery strips in vitro. After equilibration in physiological salt solution containing 1.6 mM calcium (37° C), resting Em was not different between WKY (−52±1.1 mV) and SHRSP (−52±0.4 mV). Norepinephrine (3×10−7 M) produced a similar degree of depolarization in tissues from the two strains (WKY=−42.5±0.9, SHRSP=−41±0.8). However, while Em recordings from WKY arteries were quiescent, those from SHRSP ...

Experimental evidence indicates that hypertension is a multifactorial disorder and that the products of several genes may contribute to its development. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of hypertension-related genes in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs). A microarray screeni …

TY - JOUR. T1 - Reductions in blood pressure after acute exercise by hypertensive rats. AU - Overton, J. M.. AU - Joyner, M. J.. AU - Tipton, C. M.. PY - 1988. Y1 - 1988. N2 - Postexercise reductions in blood pressure at rest have been reported for hypertensive subjects. To determine whether postexercise hypotension would occur in spontaneously hypertensive rats and to test the hypothesis that any reductions would result because of decreases in regional vascular resistances, hypertensive rats (n=19) were instrumented with indwelling arterial catheters and Doppler probes to measure regional blood flows from the iliac, superior mesenteric, and renal arteries. Data were collected from animals who performed a 20- and a 40-min treadmill test at between 60 and 70% of their maximum O2 uptake. When the animals ran for 20 min, there was a pre- to postexercise drop in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 158±3.6 to 150±3.6 mmHg (P,0.05) which was recorded 30 min after the exercise had ceased. The pre- to ...

Placentas from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were compared to those of control strain Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) at 15, 18 and 20 days of gestation using light microscopic techniques. Placental lesions similar to those in pregnant hypertensive women were absent in both strains; however, other abnormalities were noted. Hemorrhage at the lateral edges of the decidua basalis appeared to be more extensive in the SHR than WKY at 15 days. At the same time, bloody vaginal discharges were noted in 18% of the SHR. Leukocytic encapsulation of 20-day placentas with viable fetuses was noted in two SHR dams but not in any WKY. It is thought that these differences may be related to the high maternal blood pressure in the SHR or to hormonal imbalance associated with the stress response in the SHR due to frequent monitoring of blood pressure.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of L-arginine oral supplementation in spontaneously hypertensive pregnant rats (SHR). METHODS: Thirty SHR and ten Wistar-EPM-1 virgin female rats were used in the study. Before randomization, females were caged with males of the same strain (3:1). Pregnancy was confirmed by sperm-positive vaginal smear (Day 0). Wistar-EPM-1 rats served as counterpart control (C-1). SHR rats were randomized in 4 groups (n=10): Group Control 2, non-treated rats; Group L-Arginine treated with L-arginine 2%; Group Alpha-methyldopa treated with Alpha-methyldopa 33mg/Kg; Group L-Arginine+Alpha-methyldopa treated with L-arginine 2%+Alpha-methyldopa 33mg/Kg. L-arginine 2% solution was offered ad libitum in drinking water and Alpha-methyldopa was administered by gavage twice a day during the length of pregnancy (20 days). Blood pressure was measured by tailcuff plethysmography on days 0 and 20. Body weight was measured on days 0, 10 and 20. Results were expressed as mean ± SD (Standard ...

Thoracic aortas (TA) were excised from 6-week old SHR and WKY. 2mm rings were mounted isometrically at optimum preload. Spontaneous rhythmical activity developed in TA from SHR and had a frequency of 3-4/min with varying periods of quiescence between bursts of activity. The spontaneous activity often produced an increase in tension development which was associated with increased frequency of oscillations. Verapamil (10/sup -7/ M) or Ca/sup + +/-free solution added during the contractile phase resulted in an immediate loss of tension and spontaneous activity. Addition of ouabain (10/sup -4/ M) during the contractile phase of spontaneous activity, increased the frequency of oscillations which appeared to fuse into a tetanus. Spontaneous rhythmical activity was infrequently observed in TA from WKY. However, addition of phorbol 12-myristate-13 acetate (TPA), frequently induced spontaneous rhythmic oscillations associated with tension development in TA from WKY. TPA contracted the SHR TA and ...

EN] The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the different selenium (Se) intake on oxidative status and their impact on the lipid profile and the state of the vessel wall in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats ...

hypertensive changes in the eye, hypertensive changes in kidney, hypertensive changes in ecg, hypertensive changes on fundoscopy, hypertensive changes in heart, hypertensive changes in brain, hypertensive changes in kidney histology

The elevated blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was further exacerbated by subjecting these animals to surgically induced adrenal-regeneration hypertension (ARH). When chronic abnormally high blood pressure had been in effect for

S.B. Harrap, A.E. Doyle; Genetic Correlation of Renal Hemodynamics and Blood Pressure in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1987; 72 (s16): 21P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs072021P. Download citation file:. ...

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were distributed into 2 groups: sedentary (SHRsd and WKYsd, n=10 each) and swimming-trained (SHRtr, n=10 and WKYtr, n=10, respectively). The trained group participated in training sessions 5 days/week for 1 h/day with an additional work load of 4% of the animals body weight. After a 10-week sedentary or aerobic training period, the rats were euthanized. The thoracic aortas were removed to evaluate the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (10-10 to 10-4 M) with or without preincubation with L-NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME; 10-4 M ...

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The reduced pO2 in outer and inner cortex, and inefficient utilization of O2 for Na+ transport in the SHR kidney can be ascribed to the effects of AT1-R, largely independent of blood pressure.

Semantic Scholar extracted view of Increased sensitivity to endothelin-1 in spontaneously hypertensive rats is closely related to resting membrane potential by Tomohisa Ishikawa et al.

Response of AA-resistant Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats to Bhsp65 peptides after injection of M. tuberculosis. Rats were immunized with M. tuberculosis subcutaneousl

SHR # 1386 :: The BluePrint Power Hour PLUS Reversing Arthritis And Pain Naturally :: Guest: Rob Regish - Gary Null :: Regish answers listener

MESOSHR - Overtollig Haar OplossingLeeftijd-bewarende haar groei remmerRemt effectief de groei van de haren Via unieke Technologie van ruststadia!SHR = afkorting van: sterke haarreductieParabenen en

Short Story Competition 2015 - nwr - The NWR or National Womens Register is a national womens organisation where women who are interested in everything can connect with each other.

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This study shows that adult hypertensive SHR exhibit higher cNOS activity in the heart than normotensive WKY rats. In contrast, in young SHR, in which high blood pressure is not yet established, cNOS activity was similar to that in young and adult WKY rats. These findings indicate that increased cNOS activity in the heart is related to hypertension and not to differences in age or strain. The left and right ventricles hold the highest differential pressure in the cardiovascular system18 ; this difference is higher in hypertension.18 19 The cNOS activity, selectively assessed in both sides of the heart, indicated that in hypertensive animals the left side has higher enzyme activity than the right side. In normotensive rats, on the other hand, the activities of the enzyme were similar in both sides of the heart. Whole hearts of adult WKY rats showed no enhanced cNOS activity compared with those of young rats, while blood pressure was significantly higher. These observations suggest that within the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Antihypertensive action of allantoin in animals. AU - Chen, Mei Fen. AU - Tsai, Jo Ting. AU - Chen, Li Jen. AU - Wu, Tung Pi. AU - Yang, Jia Jang. AU - Yin, Li Te. AU - Yang, Yu Lin. AU - Chiang, Tai An. AU - Lu, Han Lin. AU - Wu, Ming Chang. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - The agonists of imidazoline I-1 receptors (I-1R) are widely used to lower blood pressure. It has been indicated that guanidinium derivatives show an ability to activate imidazoline receptors. Also, allantoin has a chemical stricture similar to guanidinium derivatives. Thus, it is of special interest to characterize the effect of allantoin on I-1R. In conscious male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs), mean blood pressure (MBP) was recorded using the tail-cuff method. Furthermore, the hemodynamic analyses in catheterized rats were applied to measure the actions of allantoin in vivo. Allantoin decreased blood pressures in SHRs at 30 minutes, as the most effective time. Also, this antihypertensive action was shown in ...

To define the mechanism for the hypercalciuria in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Ca clearance was evaluated in fasted 23-wk-old SHR and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKy) controls. There was no exaggerated calciuria before or after parathyroidectomy. Ca balance was therefore measured in the nonfasted animals, which revealed hyperabsorption in SHR of both sexes with increments 10-fold that of Ca excretion, supporting the primacy of intestinal hyperabsorption. In situ duodenal Ca uptake was also increased in the SHR. Parathyroidectomy did not affect the hyperabsorption. Hypercalcemia (total and ionized) and hypercalciuria in SHR associated with reduced adenosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate excretion, were abolished by fasting. Correction of hypertension for 6 mo failed to abolish the hypercalciuria. Bone Ca deposits were increased in 1-yr-old SHR. Ten-week-old SHR, in contrast, displayed mild malabsorption. Our data do not support the renal leak hypothesis. Instead, the adult SHR is ...

Previous findings have shown that hypotensive doses of losartan prevent the excess of apoptosis present in the hypertrophied left ventricle of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). This study was designed to determine whether angiotensin II facilitates apoptosis in cardiomyocytes of adult SHR.. Primary cultures of ventricular cardiomyocytes from 30-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR with left ventricular hypertrophy were exposed to 10(-)(9) mol/L angiotensin II for 24 hours. Apoptotic cells were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay and confirmed by Annexin V detection. The expression of Bax-alpha, Bcl-2, p53, and caspase-3 proteins was assessed by Western blot assays. The expression of BAX gene was assessed by Northern blot. Angiotensin II increased (P,0.01) cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and this effect was higher (P,0.001) in SHR cells than in WKY cells.. Whereas losartan (10(-7) mol/L) blocked the apoptotic effect of the octapeptide in cells from the two ...

1. Plasma volume, packed cell volume (PCV), blood volume, extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and Evans blue disappearance rate were measured in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats and in weight-matched Wistar normotensive rats.. 2. Over the weight range studied (250-350 g), plasma and blood volumes were significantly lower in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Extracellular fluid volumes were similar in the two groups. PCV arid Evans blue disappearance rates were significantly higher in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.. 3. Negative correlations were obtained between plasma volume and mean arterial pressure and between the plasma/interstitial fluid volume ratio and mean arterial pressure.. 4. the normal extracellular fluid volume and the lack of correlation with mean arterial pressure excludes volume expansion as a pressor mechanism during the established phase of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.. ...

The purpose of our study was to determine whether Gi-mediated control over adenylyl cyclase in preglomerular arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PGASMC) is enhanced in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). PGASMC were cultured from preglomerular microvessels isolated from adult SHR (14-15 wk of age) and age-matched WKY rats. Confluent monolayers of cells in third passage were used for the experiments. cAMP released into the media (30 min) as well as cellular levels of cAMP were measured in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 1-isobutyl-3-methyl-xanthine (IBMX; 100 μM) and expressed as pmol/mg protein. Total (released + cellular) cAMP was significantly lower in SHR (14.19 ± 2.30 pmol/mg protein) as compared with WKY (28.3 ± 3.04 pmol/mg protein). Correspondingly, the released (4.6 ± 0.4 pmol/mg protein) as well as cellular (9.78 ± 2.18 pmol/mg protein) cAMP levels were also significantly lower in SHR when compared with WKY (8.85 ± 1.26 and 18.86 ± 2.0 pmol/mg protein, ...

We have previously reported that casein hydrolysate, CH-3, from bovine milk and casein-derived tripeptide Met-Lys-Pro (MKP) has ACE inhibitory activity and reduces blood pressure. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of MKP in a hypertensive rat model (7-week-old male SHRSP/Izm rats). For long term evaluation, rats were fed either a diet containing CH-3 or normal diet. The survival rate of SHRSP rats was significantly improved by intake of CH-3 for 181 days. For short term evaluation, rats were orally administered synthetic tripeptide MKP or distilled water for 4 weeks. MRI study demonstrated that hemorrhagic lesions were observed in two of five rats in the control group, while no hemorrhagic lesions were observed in the MKP group. Volumetric analysis using MRI revealed that MKP administration inhibited atrophy of diencephalic regions. Histological examinations revealed that hemorrhage areas and astrogliosis in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were lower in the MKP group than in the

BHT - Borderline Hypertensive. Looking for abbreviations of BHT? It is Borderline Hypertensive. Borderline Hypertensive listed as BHT

To assess the effect of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist losartan on myocardium connexin43 (Cx43) gap junction (GJ) expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and investigate possible mechanisms. Sixteen 9-week-old male SHRs and 8 age-matched male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats...

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency occurs in humans and animals with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). An inhibitor of NO synthase, N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) exacerbates kidney damage in the adult spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). We examined whether L-NAME exacerbated hypertensive nephrosclerosis in young SHRs and whether melatonin protects SHRs against kidney damage by restoration of the asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)-NO pathway.. METHODS: Rats aged 4 weeks were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10 for each group): Group 1 (control), SHRs without treatment; Group 2 (L-NAME), SHRs received L-NAME (80 mg/L) in drinking water; and Group 3 (L-NAME + melatonin), SHRs received L-NAME (80 mg/L) and 0.01% melatonin in drinking water. All rats were sacrificed at 10 weeks of age.. RESULTS: L-NAME exacerbates the elevation of blood pressure, renal dysfunction, and glomerular sclerosis in young SHRs. L-NAME induced an increase of ADMA and a decrease of ...

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Histogram distributions of impulsive, inattentive and hyperactive behavior in 16 Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) and 15 control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.

The purpose of the present study was to compare influence of central arginine vasopressin (AVP) and of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on control of arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensi

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dysregulation of histone deacetylase expression and enzymatic activity is associated with a number of diseases. It has been reported that protein levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 and HDAC5 increase during human pulmonary hypertension, and that the enzymatic activity of HDAC6 is induced in a chronic hypertensive animal model. This study investigated the protein expression profiles of class I and II a/b HDACs in three systemic hypertension models. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used three different hypertensive animal models: (i) Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=8) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n=8), (ii) mice infused with saline or angiotensin II to induce hypertension, via osmotic mini-pump for 2 weeks, and (iii) mice that were allowed to drink L-N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to induce hypertension ...

A series of 1, 4-dihydro-2, 6-dimethyl-4-{4-[3-(2-aminopyrazine/1-amino-4-methyl piperazine)-2-hydroxy propoxy]-phenyl}-pyridine-3, 5-carbamoyl have been synthesized and the structure of the compounds have been confirmed by IR, ¹H NMR , MS & elemental analysis. The title compounds have been evaluated for antihypertensive activity by tail-cuff method. Some of these compounds have been found to exhibit excellent antihypertensive activity ...

Di Nicolantonio, Robert, Dusting, GJ, Hutchinson, JS and Mendelsohn, FAO 1981, Aspirin does not modify the hypotensive action of captopril in spontaneously hypertensive rats, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 406-406. ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Hormonal and hemodynamic responses to halothane and enflurane in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

The aim of the studies described in this thesis was to investigate the development of experimental hereditary hypertension and to persistently ameliorate the development of hypertension due brief interventions during early development (perinatal treatment). We used two different models of experimental hereditary hypertension, namely the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and ... read more the fawn-hooded hypertensive rat (FHH). SHR and FHH dams and their offspring were supplemented with five different treatments during pregnancy and lactation. We found that in both models the perinatal manipulation on the balance between nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species, with L-arginine and antioxidants, resulted in a persistent decrease in blood pressure and prevented renal injury in the FHH. A similar effect was found after perinatal inhibition of the inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB. With micoarray analysis we investigated the transcriptome throughout life in SHR and we developed a ...

1. A method is described for the preparation of renal extracts which are capable of reducing the blood pressure of rats with experimental hypertension. A total dose of 58 grams equivalent of fresh hog kidney, injected intramuscularly twice daily for a period of four days, was found to produce a pronounced and prolonged lowering of the blood pressure.. 2. Oral administration of similar renal extracts at comparatively high doses failed to produce a comparable effect on the blood pressure.. 3. Extracts of beef liver and muscle prepared according to the same procedure as employed for renal extracts, failed to lower the blood pressure in hypertensive rats.. 4. The failure of hog renin to produce a lowering of blood pressure in hypertensive rats in our routine four day test seems to militate against the interpretation that the anti-pressor effect of renal extracts might be due to the formation of an anti-renin substance.. ...

Later we showed that SHR protein is able to move from the stele, where it is synthesized to the adjacent cells including the QC, CEI, CEID and the endodermal lineage. Several TFs had been documented to move, but SHR was the first case in which there was a clear developmental consequence of movement. What was striking in the case of SHR movement was that it was tightly regulated. We found that SHR interacts with SCR in the endodermis (and in the CEI, CEID and QC) and SCR sequesters SHR in the nucleus. Moreover, SHR and SCR together bind to the SCR promoter to activate its transcription. Thus, a positive feedback loop is formed that rapidly increases SCR protein levels ensuring a tight control over SHR movement. The SHR-SCR complex directly regulates the cell cycle through activation of CYCLIN D6 (CYCD6). Another cell cycle factor, RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED (RBR) binds SCR and inhibits SHR-SCR activity. RBR activity in turn can be inhibited by CYCD6. In addition, a family of C2H2 zinc finger TFs are ...

Hypertension, mRNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rat, Rats, Reverse Transcription, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, Time, Wky Rats, Adrenoceptors, Aging, Animal, Animal Models, Arteries, Artery, Bladder, Blood, Blood Pressure, Fischer Rats, Iliac Artery

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Atridia, a subsidiary of Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine is developing SHR 1316, a humanised immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to

Furedi N, Miko A, Aubrecht B, Gaszner B, Feller D, Rostas I, Tenk J, Soos S, Balasko M, Balogh A, Pap M, Petervari E: Regulatory Alterations of Energy Homeostasis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR)., JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE 59: (4) pp. 521-530 ...

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