The capacity of European pear fruit (Pyrus communis L.) to ripen after harvest develops during the final stages of growth on the tree. The objective of this study was to characterize changes in Bartlett pear fruit physico-chemical properties and transcription profiles during fruit maturation leading to attainment of ripening capacity. The softening response of pear fruit held for 14 days at 20 °C after harvest depended on their maturity. We identified four maturity stages: S1-failed to soften and S2- displayed partial softening (with or without ET-ethylene treatment); S3 - able to soften following ET; and S4 - able to soften without ET. Illumina sequencing and Trinity assembly generated 68,010 unigenes (mean length of 911 bp), of which 32.8 % were annotated to the RefSeq plant database. Higher numbers of differentially expressed transcripts were recorded in the S3-S4 and S1-S2 transitions (2805 and 2505 unigenes, respectively) than in the S2-S3 transition (2037 unigenes). High expression of genes

Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) is widely used as a dwarfing rootstock for pear {Pyrus communis L.). The disadvantage of this rootstock is its inefficient uptake of Fe, resulting in leaf chlorosis. Application of tissue culture and gene transfer techniques may lead to production of quince clones with improved Fe efficiency. Pear may benefit from transformation by transfer of genes involved in disease resistance, insect resistance and delay of ripening. The objectives of this research were: 1) to determine the responses of two somaclonal variants, 1E-1 and 1E-2, to Fe-deficiency stress under greenhouse conditions; and 2) to establish transformation procedures for quince and pear. Two somaclonal variants of quince, 1E-1 and 1E-2, with tolerance to low-Fe conditions were isolated previously (Dolcet-Sanjuan et at., 1992). These two variants were compared to the original Quince A clone under various conditions in the greenhouse in 1993 and 1994. Whereas Quince A was chlorotic under conditions with ...

The genus Pyrus consists of 30 deciduous species and is closely related to the genus Malus, which includes apples (Malus spp.). Both genera are part of the economically important Rosaceae family.1,2 Similar to apples, Pyrus fruits are classified as pomes, where the seeds are contained in a central, compartmentalized core.3 The Pyrus genus is native to Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa.1 Capable of living…

Detailed nutritional values of Pears, asian, raw natural (also called Nashi, sand, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Taiwan pear) Pyrus pyrifolia. Online analysis information with non-nutrients and nutrients composition facts table for item No. 09340 found in category Fruits and Fruit Juices. Data contents chart for nutritionists. Food details for PEARS,ASIAN,RAW in different kinds of quantities, amounts or measurements.

The genus Pyrus comprises at least 28 species and 10 naturally occurring interspecific hybrids which are distributed in Europe, the mountains of north Africa, the Middle East, Western Asia and Eastern Asia. The species of major economic importance for fruit production are the Western European pear (Pyrus communis) and five Asian species or interspecific hybrids (P. pashia, P. pyrifolia, P. ussuriensis, P. ×bretschneideri, and P. ×sinkiangensis, which is a complex hybrid involving P. pyrifolia, P. xbretscheideri, P. armeniacifolia, and P. communis. Several species throughout the natural range are used as rootstocks, and P. calleryana, P. fauriei, and a clone of P. salicifolia are used as ornamentals. The genus is thought to have originated in the foothills of the Tian Shan Mountains in western China, with dispersal and speciation following the mountain chains both to the east and west. All species have no major incompatibility barriers to interspecific hybridization. The species are ...

The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the diurnal variation curves of photosynthesis of 5 different types of pear cultivars were measured by portable photosynthesis system CIRAS-1. The results showed that the Pn was different among these different types of pear cultivars;Pn of Huangguan (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehder×P. pyrifolia Nakai) and Qingxiang (P. pyrifolia Nakai) were higher than that of Red Bartlett (P. communis L.),and the Pn of Xinyali (P. bretschneideri Rehder) and Korlas Xiangli (P. sikiangensis Yu) were in the middle of them. The water use efficiency (WUE) of Qingxiang and Xinyali were higher than that of Red Bartlett. The diurnal variation curves of Pn among different types of pear cultivars were different,which showed two types,single-apex curve and double-apex curve. The diurnal variation curves of Pn of Huangguan and Xinyali presented single-apex ones,and those of Qingxiang,Korlas Xiangli and Red Bartlett presented double-apex ones. The photosynthesis siesta was caused mostly by non

Cocktail Pear Seede SAN GIOVANNI (Pyrus Communis Giugno)Price for Package of 10 seeds.They dont get much older than this one, first mentioned in 1660 in the south of Italy, making it one of the oldest pear varieties getting around. This is the first pear of the season, ripening in the second week of January in Melbourne. A small, round cocktail pear, San Giovanni can

The goal of this study was to develop a method for rapid in vitro shoot multiplication of five older pear cultivars and landraces ( Beurre de Merode , Grise Bonne , Holzfarbige Butterbirne , Jakubka ceska , Solanka ). Six proliferation MS media containing different concentrations of cytokinins BAP (6-benzyl-aminopurine), TDZ (thidiazuron) or 2iP 6-(gamma,gamma-Dimethylallylamino) purine were tested. For the five genotypes, the effect of three growth regulators on proliferation, callus formation and shoot morphology is shown. Selected pear cultivars were successfully established in vitro using mercuric chloride in a concentration of 0.15% as a sterilization solution. Of the 100 shoot tips taken only 1 explant of Holzfarbige Butterbirne and 6 explants of Solanka were visibly contaminated with microorganisms. The number of newly formed shoots varied with the cultivar and concentration of cytokinins. Generally, the highest proliferation rate was obtained for pear cultivar Grise Bonne that produced ...

Autor: Gosch, Christian et al.; Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel; Im Druck veröffentlicht: 2010; Titel: Cloning and heterologous expression of glycosyltransferases from Malus x domestica and Pyrus communis, which convert phloretin to phloretin 2'-O-glucoside (phloridzin)

TY - BOOK. T1 - Middelenproef tegen zwartvruchtrot (Stemphylium vesicarium) : Resultaten van 2006. AU - de Jong, P.F.. AU - Simonse, J.J.. PY - 2006. Y1 - 2006. N2 - PPO project 3261061700. AB - PPO project 3261061700. KW - pyrus communis. KW - peren. KW - plantenziekteverwekkende schimmels. KW - stemphylium vesicarium. KW - fungiciden. KW - experimenteel veldonderzoek. KW - nederland. KW - pyrus communis. KW - pears. KW - plant pathogenic fungi. KW - stemphylium vesicarium. KW - fungicides. KW - field experimentation. KW - netherlands. M3 - Report. T3 - Rapport / Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving, Sector Fruit. BT - Middelenproef tegen zwartvruchtrot (Stemphylium vesicarium) : Resultaten van 2006. PB - PPO Fruit. CY - randwijk. ER - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - α-L-arabinofuranosidase from cell walls of Japanese pear fruits. AU - Tateishi, Akira. AU - Kanayama, Yoshinori. AU - Yamaki, Shohei. PY - 1996/1/1. Y1 - 1996/1/1. N2 - Cell wall-bound glycosidase activities were measured in pre-ripe and ripe fruits of Japanese pears (Pyrus serotina Rehd. var. culta. cv. Hosui). α-L-Arabinofuranosidase (EC. 3.2.1.55) activity increased dramatically with fruit ripening and its activity was assayed during fruit development and ripening. After the fruit enlargement stage, cell wall-bound α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity increased 15-fold with fruit ripening. The enzyme was solubilized from cell walls using the chelator trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid and the solubilized enzyme purified using DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, Mono Q and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The purified enzyme was a Mr 42 000 monomer on SDS-PAGE. Optimum pH activity was 5.0 and the Km value was 34 mM for ...

Background and Aims The possibility of using tree materials in early phenological stages, such as dormant buds and flowers, for the prognosis of Fe deficiency occurring later in the year has been studied in peach and pear trees. Methods Thirty-two peach trees and thirty pear trees with different Fe chlorosis degrees were sampled in different commercial orchards. In peach, samples included flower buds, vegetative buds, bud wood, flowers and leaves at 60 and 120 days after full bloom (DAFB). In pear, samples included buds, bud wood, flowers and leaves at 60 and 120 days DAFB. Leaf chlorophyll was assessed (SPAD) at 60 and 120 DAFB. Sampling was repeated for 3-5 years depending on the materials. Mineral nutrients measured were N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. Results The relationships between the nutrient concentrations in the different materials and leaf SPAD were assessed using four different statistical approaches: i) comparison of means depending on the chlorosis level, ii) correlation ...

I have pieces in my wardrobe from Pyrus that are almost a decade old. What I love about the brand is its timeless pieces. Here is a story about the Audrey dress. Ash and I have always committed Pyrus to focus on quality and to design & produce garments that are timeless. I love hearing the stories from our customer

Pears (Pyrus spp. L.) are an important genus of trees that produce one of the worlds oldest fruit crops. Salinity stress is a common limiting factor for plant productivity that significantly affects the flavor and nutritional quality of pear fruits. Much research has shown that calcium signaling pathways, mediated by Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and their interacting kinases (CIPKs), are closely associated with responses to stresses, including salt. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern the relationship between salt stress and calcium signaling pathways in pear plants. The available genomic information for pears has promoted much functional genomic analysis and molecular breeding of the genus. This provided an ample foundation for characterizing the transcriptome of pear under salt stress. A high-throughput Illumina RNA-seq technology was used to identify a total of 78,695 unigenes that were successfully annotated by BLASTX analysis, using the publicly available

The fruit comes in all colours - green, yellow, red and even black! With more than 2,000 species, the pear comes from the common pear tree (Pyrus communis L.) or the Chinese pear tree (Pyrus sinensis), a tree of the Rosaceae family. Known since ancient times, it is called pirum in Latin. The scent is sweet, yet savou

Both apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and pear (Pyrus communis L.) belong to the Rosaceae family, and many cultivars are self-incompatible and need cross pollination for pollination and consequently seed and fruit set. However, the introduction of honey bees is quite common in apple orchards but it is less applied in pear orchards. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the introduction of bumblebee hives on the pollination success, fruit set and fruit quality of Conference pears and Jonagold apples. In 2015 and 2016, bumblebee hives were placed in the centre of a Conference and a Jonagold orchard. Fruit set was monitored on trees at several distances from the hives, and from the same trees pear fruits were harvested and analysed for fruit quality parameters (length, width, weight, firmness, soluble solids content, acid content and the number of seeds). In 2015, no effect of the distance to the hives on fruit set was found for Conference , but the soluble solids content ...

Pyrus calleryana, commonly called Callery pear, is native to China and Taiwan. It is an upright-branched ornamental tree. It grows pyramidal to columnar in youth, but tends to become oval to spreading with age. It is noted for its early profuse spring bloom, quality glossy green foliage and often excellent fall color. Shoots on species plants are thorny, but some cultivars are thornless. It produces small, inedible, greenish-yellow fruits (to 1/2 diameter) which are of little practical value or ornamental interest. Joseph Callery, a French missionary, discovered and collected this plant in China in 1858. In 1917, seed was brought to the U.S. from China for hybridization experiments aimed at improving fireblight resistance for the common fruiting pear (P. communis). The experiments generally proved unsuccessful. In the 1950s, callery pear emerged in U.S. commerce as a promising new ornamental tree, leading to massive landscape plantings. By the 1980s, concerns about both overplanting and ...

TY - GEN. T1 - Effect of Erwinia amylovora infection in biochemical changes of different pear fruits. AU - Honty, K.. AU - Hevesi, M.. AU - Tóth, M.. AU - Sárdi, É. AU - Stefanovits-Banyai, E.. PY - 2008. Y1 - 2008. N2 - In this recent study we have investigated the consequences of E. amylovora infection of pear fruits. Inoculations were made with a mixture of pear isolates (Ea 21, 23; at a density of 5 × 108 cells/ml) collected from various growing regions of Hungary. The change of concentration in time of different carbohydrate fractions (mainly glucose, fructose and sucrose) in unripe pear fruits of different cultivars in connection with disease development was measured using the OPLC method. Peroxidase enzyme activity was also measured in the samples during the disease process. Samples (unripe fruit flesh cutouts - 1 cm 0) were taken from the inoculation point and neighboring tissues during seven day intervals. Host responses showed significant differences. We have concluded that among ...

Pyrus glabra is a deciduous Tree. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects.Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil and can tolerate drought. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution.

USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Pyrus elaeagrifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed on 07-Oct-06 ...

Dive into the research topics of Extract of Pyrus nivalis enhances phagocytosis in lungs after particles matter exposure in BALB/c mice. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Tempted to keep it but I always wear trousers! Will fit perfectly anyone over 5ft 2. If smaller then you may need it taken up. Please take a look at my other items. The item Gorgeous Pyrus Boutique Long Dress Size S (fits Size 8/10) BNWT Unworn £294 is in sale since Monday, October 26, 2020. This item is in the category Clothes, Shoes & Accessories\Women\Womens Clothing\Dresses. The seller is lovelabels3411 and is located in Essex. This item can be shipped to United Kingdom. ...

Situated on the island of Lidingö in Stockholm, Pyrus 9+10 comprises the design of two large villas, all show the appearance of box-style buildings.

В официальном блоге компании Pyrus собран ряд полезных статей на тему «Accounts payable». Подпишитесь на рассылку, чтобы быть вкурсе актуальных статей.

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Pear trees can reach a height of 25 feet or more and grow in any fertile, well-drained soil, in full sun. They have strong vertical branches and require

Pear trees can reach a height of 25 feet or more and grow in any fertile, well-drained soil, in full sun. They have strong vertical branches and require

Shrestha, R and Lee, SH and Kim, JE and Wilson, CR and Choi, SG and Park, DH and Wang, MH and Hur, JH and Lim, CK (2007) Diversity and detection of Korean Erwinia pyrifoliae strains as determined by plasmid profiling, phylogenetic analysis and PCR. Plant Pathology, 56 (6). pp. 1023-1031. ISSN 0032-0862 ...

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Cleveland Pears are a new cultivar of Pear Trees that are stronger, hardier and more beautiful than standard flowering pear trees. New Cleveland Flowering Pear Trees are great as ornamental or privacy trees.

A new and distinct |i|Pyrus communis |/i|L. pear tree variety named PE4UNIBOis particularly characterized by the following features: medium vigorous trees with semi-upright habit; bearing habitus ma

TY - JOUR. T1 - Low-temperature wine-making using yeast immobilized on pear pieces. AU - Mallios, P. AU - Kourkoutas, Y. AU - Iconomopoulou, M. AU - Koutinas, AA. AU - Psarianos, C. AU - Marchant, R. AU - Banat, Ibrahim. PY - 2004/9. Y1 - 2004/9. N2 - A biocatalyst was prepared by the immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AXAZ-1 yeast cells on pear pieces and tested for grape must fermentation in both batch and continuous conditions. The immobilized yeast cells were stable and active even at low temperatures (,10degreesC). Wine production under batch fermentation at VC was completed within 15 days while at 3degreesC it took 36 days. In continuous fermentation, the bioreactor was operated for 33 days, then stored for 12 days at 10degreesC, and re-run for another 15 days without any diminution of the ethanol productivity. Total acidity of the produced wines remained within the ranges usually observed in dry wines, while volatile acidity was found in rather increased levels. The concentrations ...

Answer) Pear Trellis Rust is becoming more and more common. It is a relatively new fungal disease in Ontario, first recorded in 2007. Unfortunately, it can be difficult to treat in urban settings, simply due to population density. Its caused by the fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae that hosts in winter on junipers (although some junipers are resistant). In spring, the orange, gelatinous fruiting bodies (telia) emerge - usually after a rain - and mature to spread wind-borne spores over many kilometers. Some sources suggest the spores can carry for as much as 2-6 km. The spores alight on pear leaves, including those of ornamental pears, and then complete their spring and summer lifecycle - in their turn infecting or reinfecting junipers. And the cycle begins anew.. Advice is often to remove either the pear or the juniper, if they are spaced closer than 150 m (450 feet). In fact, the recommendation is to keep the two alternate hosts at least 1 km apart. within a 1-km radius.. The Ontario Ministry of ...

The Beurré Bosc or Bosc is a cultivar of the European Pear (Pyrus communis) from France or Belgium originally. Also known as the Kaiser , it is grown in Europe, Australia, British Columbia and Ontario, Canada, and the northwestern U.S. states of California, Washington, and Oregon; The Beurré Bosc was cultivated first in France. The name Bosc is given after a French horticulturist named Louis Bosc. Characteristic features are a long tapering neck and russeted skin. Famous for its warm cinnamon color the Bosc Pear is often used in drawings, paintings, and photography due to its shape. Its white flesh is denser, crisper and smoother than that of the Williams or DAnjou pear. It is called the aristocrat of pears. It is suitable to be used in poaching. ...

Read on for more information about fixing pear tree problems. The pear problem actually started a whole year ago, it just took awhile for the damage to come to the surface. Fungal diseases are more common than bacterial diseases and easier to combat. Bradford pears explode in a spectacular display of blooms each spring making them a popular ornamental plant. The beautiful white flowers that cover the tree in spring and its smaller growth habit make it a tree that is both charming and manageable. Rain, sleet, ice, wind gusts, or more severe storms can cause the cause the trunk or branches to split and eventually break and fall onto the ground. Their eggs are light brown to yellow and are laid by adult moths on tree trunks and branches from August through to the following April. If you know the symptoms you will be able to act immediately and the garden will look beautiful for a long time due to the ornamental pear tree. Fixing pear tree problems involving pear psylla involves using dormant oil ...

Description: Invincible is well named because it is tough and hardy, setting heavy crops each year and will often produce a second flowering after a heavy frost. The fruit quality is fair with a host of dessert and cooking options. Green in colour with yellow flush and sweet, soft and juicy flesh. The strength is in its yield and precocity. Would make an ideal pollinator for other varieties in a similar flowering period. Ideal for exposed areas where a pear tree is a must.. History: Introduced from the Delbard Nursery in France during the 19th century.. ...

Pear orchard pest control. Farm worker applying fungicide to recently pruned pear (Pyrus sp.) trees at a farm in winter. Photographed in Tulbagh, Western Cape, South Africa. - Stock Image C023/6372

You can intermix these varieties and still get successful fruit set, as they all bloom around the same time. Nijisseiki (20th Century) Nashi (Asian Pear) (semi-dwarf) $35.00 ... China, has a crisp, fine-textured flesh that is sweet and juicy, and softer than other Asian pears. Juicy, sweet, mild-flavored fruit is crisp like apple. The fruit grown on a New Century tree is arguably the sweetest and juiciest Asian Pear produced today. early. Fruit is allowed to ripen on the tree, unlike the European pear varieties, which are plucked from the tree when still green and then allowed to ripen at room temp. Nijisseiki/20th Century Asian Pear Pollination Chart Asian pear trees tend to overbear. In fact, these little pears are so juicy that their flavor and texture is actually New Century (Also known as Nijisseiki) Asian Pear is an absolutely delicious variety that produces an abundance of juicy yellow fruit. Pollinators for the Nashi Pear - Nijisseiki. Late Summer-Fall. The two trees should be planted ...

Check weather conditions if you notice blackened foliage on a pear tree after a spring cold snap. The problem isnt disease, but frost damage. Cold causes formation of ice crystals inside the leaf cells. The crystals are sharp, rupture cell walls, causing cell and leaf tissue death. Theres nothing you can do once this happens. The best guard against frost damage is to provide shelter and warmth for the tree when a sharp dip in temperatures is forecast. Trapping warm air with a frost blanket, training a fine mist of water onto the tree during the night, and erecting a windbreak for the tree will give it the best chance of survival.. ...

APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel), the fruit of Pyrus Malus, belonging to the sub-order Pomaceae, of the natural order Rosaceae. It is one of the most widely cultivated and best-known and appreciated of fruits belonging to temperate climates. In its wild state it is known as the crab-apple, and is found generally distributed throughout Europe and western Asia, growing in as high a latitude as Trondhjem in Norway. The crabs of Siberia belong to different species of Pyrus. The apple-tree as cultivated is a moderate-sized tree with spreading branches, ovate, acutely serrated or crenated leaves, and flowers in corymbs. The fruit is too well known to need any description of its external characteristics. The apple is successfully cultivated in higher latitudes than any other fruit tree, growing up to 65° N., but notwithstanding this, its blossoms are more susceptible of injury from frost than the flowers of the peach or apricot. It comes into ...

One of the most reliable varieties, with good self fertility. Medium size yellowish-green, with brown russet over areas of the fruit, occasionally pink flushed on chalk soil. Sweet and juicy. Good cropper.

Has graceful, weeping branches. Dark-green foliage through spring and summer before changing to beautiful red and orange tones in autumn. White flowers in

COVID Update, 24th August 2021: We will be operating over the lockdown to provide contact-less door-to-door delivery in Metro Melbourne and regional centers. Our Campbellfield store is open for click & collect, online/phone orders, genuine landscapers & tradespeople only. You can still shop online or over the phone. Due to the increase in the number of orders we received, delivery time-frames have increased to 7-21 days, with a current average turnaround time of 7 days. To inquire about an existing order, please email [email protected]. ...

Each installation is tightly bound to the configuration that defines where files should be installed, which PHP executable to use, and which php.ini is used to manage that installation. On the other hand, user-specific preferences are tightly bound to each user, by placing them in the users home directory. These values are universal to all installations and include things like the amount of information to display, the preferred mirror to use for a channel, the openssl certificate to use for package signing, and so on. This way, multiple PEAR installations can be managed very safely without ambiguity over what configuration values should be used. ...

Learn about fire blight and how it can affect your Bradford pear trees, as well as the course of action you can take to get rid of it.

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Looking for online definition of Glottidium vesicarium in the Medical Dictionary? Glottidium vesicarium explanation free. What is Glottidium vesicarium? Meaning of Glottidium vesicarium medical term. What does Glottidium vesicarium mean?

Bell, Andrew Claude. Host Plant Resistance to Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora) in the Rosaceae subfamily Maloideae (Under the direction of Dr. Thomas G. Ranney.) Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al., is a devastating disease of apple (Malus Mill. spp.), pear (Pyrus L. spp.), and other taxa in the Rosaceae subfamily Maloideae. Currently, the antibiotic, streptomycin, is the only effective chemical to control this disease among susceptible taxa; however, development of streptomycin-resistant strains of E. amylovora threatens the future use of this antibiotic. Moreover, environmental and health concerns associated with the use of antibiotics may ultimately result in a widespread ban that already exists in some countries. Significant variation in resistance to fire blight among some host plants has been reported. Selecting and developing new cultivars with enhanced fire blight resistance is an environmentally safe, cost effective, and practical means of ...

Sentence Examples with the word pyrus: Americana, Cephalaria tatarica, Cotoneaster pyracantha, Citrus aurantium, Diospyros ebenum, Ficus carica, Illicium anisatum, Ligustrum caucasicum, Punica granatum,…

Pyrus Viola Printed Jumpsuit in Toucan Tropic Print. This lovely jumpsuit has an elbow-length sleeve and wrap v-neckline. The trousers are flowy so it will look great worn with heels for evening.Composition: 100% Viscose Care: Handwash Fit: True to size

In this study, we prepared crude fibre samples from young fruits of 10 persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars and from young fruits of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta) and peach (Prunus persica) and compared their bile acid-binding abilities

Bell, R. L., T. van der Zwet, R. C. Blake (1982). The pear breeding program of the United States Department of Agriculture. In: The Pear. T. van der Zwet and N.F. Childers (eds.), Horticultural Publications, Gainesville. Bell, R. L. (1991). Pears (Pyrus). In: Moore, J. N., J. R. Jr Ballington (Eds.) Genetic resources of temperate fruit and nut crops. Wageningen, The Netherlands, 657-697. Bell, R.L., T. Zwet (1993). New fire blight resistant advanced selections from the USDA Pear Breeding Program. Acta Hort. 338, 415-420. Bell A., T.G. Ranney, T.A. Eaker, T.B. Sutton (2005). Resistance to fire blight among flowering pears and quince. HortScience 40 (2), 413-415. Cociu, V., S. Oprea (1989). Metode de cercetare in ameliorarea plantelor pomicole. Ed. Dacia, Cluj-Napoca. Gunen, Y., A. Misirli (2003). Fire blight of pear and resistance breeding. Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi 40 (3), 25-32. Hevesi, M., M. Göndör, K. Kása, K. Honty, M.G. Tóth (2004). Traditional and commercial apple and pear cultivars as ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Insertional mutagenesis and cloning of the genes required for biosynthesis of the host-specific AK-toxin in the Japanese pear pathotype of Alternaria alternata. AU - Tanaka, Aiko. AU - Shiotani, Hiroshi. AU - Yamamoto, Mikihiro. AU - Tsuge, Takashi. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1999/8. Y1 - 1999/8. N2 - The Japanese pear pathotype of Alternaria alternata causes black spot of Japanese pear by producing a host-specific toxin known as AK-toxin. Restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) mutagenesis was used to tag genes required for toxin biosynthesis. Protoplasts of a wild-type strain were treated with a linearized plasmid along with the restriction enzyme used to linearize the plasmid. Of 984 REMI transformants recovered, three produced no detectable AK-toxin and lost pathogenicity on pear leaves. Genomic DNA flanking the integrated plasmid was recovered from one of the mutants. With the recovered DNA used as a probe, a cosmid clone ...

Pear decline (PD) is an important disease of Pyrus communis fruiting cultivars in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. PD is caused by a phloem-limited phytoplasma that, in California, is transmitted from diseased to healthy trees by pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola. The percentage of phytoplasma-infected pear psylla has never been assessed in the United States in field-collected insects. Pear psylla were collected monthly from PD-infected trees from three orchards in northern California. Individual psylla were tested for the presence of PD phytoplasma, using both a quantitative DNA hybridization and PD phytoplasma-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The percentage of infected psylla ranged from 0 to 45% depending on the orchard, the month and year collected, and the method of detection. The PD phytoplasma was detected in both the winterform and summerform pear psylla. Significantly more infected psylla were detected with PCR than with DNA hybridization analysis in two of the three ...

We mapped DNA polymorphisms generated by 41 sets of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers, developed independently in four laboratories. All primer sets gave polymorphisms that could be located on our `White Angel x `Rome Beauty map for apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. Var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]. The SSR primers were used to identify homologous linkage groups in `Wijcik McIntosh, NY 75441-58, `Golden Delicious, and `Liberty cultivars for which relatively complete linkage maps have been constructed from isozyme and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In several instances, two or more SSRs were syntenic, and except for an apparent translocation involving linkage group (LG) 6, these linkages were conserved throughout the six maps. Twenty-four SSR primers were consistently polymorphic, and these are recommended as standard anchor markers for apple maps. Experiments on a pear (Pyrus communis L.) population indicated that many of the apple SSRs would be useful for mapping in ...

In the present study, we used the selective hybridization method to develop 17 polymorphic microsatellite primers from an enriched genomic library of chinese chestnut. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were higher than 0.6, thereby indicating a high degree of variation in the isolated loci and the absence of null alleles. This is the first report on the development of microsatellite markers for chinese chestnut.. In this study, more than 87% of the clones from the enriched genomic library were found to contain microsatellite sequences. This value for the occurrence of microsatellites in the positive sequences is higher than that reported in previous studies (Buck et al., 2003; Yamamoto et al., 2003). Furthermore, we obtained similar results in our previous study on the development of microsatellite markers in japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) (Inoue et al., 2006). Because the selective hybridization method has high concentration efficiency and is inexpensive, it is a suitable ...

We are proposing to amend the fruits and vegetables regulations to allow the importation of Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia) from China into the United States. As a condition of entry, sand pears from areas in China in which the Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) is not known to exist would have to be produced in accordance with a systems approach that would include requirements for registration of places of production and packinghouses, sourcing of pest-free propagative material, inspection for quarantine pests at set intervals by the national plant protection organization of China, bagging of fruit, safeguarding, labeling, and importation in commercial consignments. Sand pears from areas in China in which Oriental fruit fly is known to exist could be imported into the United States if, in addition to these requirements, the places of production and packinghouses have a monitoring system in place for Oriental fruit fly and the pears are treated with cold treatment. All sand pears from ...

Plant Disease 85:755-759...Plant Disease 85:755-759...Disease Incidence-Inoculum Dose Relationships for Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum and Decay of Pear Fruit Using Dry, Airborne Conidia...

Fire blight, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is one of the most devastating bacterial diseases for the apple and pear industry. Two pathogenicity factors strictly required for E. amylovora to cause disease are the exopolysaccharide amylovoran and the type III secretion system. In bacteria, the two-component signal transduction (TCST) system is the major paradigm to sense environmental stimuli and usually respond by regulating gene expression. One of the extensively studied TCSTs in enteric bacteria is the Rcs phosphorelay system (RcsCDB), which regulates numerous phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, swarming motility and bacterial virulence. Orphan genes (ORFans) are annotated genes that exclusively exist in a particular genome, strain, species or lineage. One of the enterobacteria-specific orphan genes is annotated as ybjN gene. So far, our knowledge about the function of ybjN gene is very limited. First, four wild-type strains (Ea1189, Ea273, Ea110, and ...

It is a most unusual taste but the thing that delights me most about this jelly is the fantastic colour. With thanks to J. Lust, C.L. Zalewski, R. Phillips, Edward Step

Some blackout dates may apply. Yes, guests have access to an indoor pool and a fitness centre during their stay. ViaMichelin and its partners allow you to book the hotel, bed and breakfast or apartment of your choice in just a few clicks. Our guests praise the breakfast and the helpful staff in our reviews. Pear Tree Inn St. Louis Near Union Station is a 3-star property in St. Louis, MO. Leisure. Are any cleaning services offered at Pear Tree Inn St. Louis Near Union Station? Let our team manage the details and deliver an exceptional level of service for your next event. View deals for Pear Tree Inn St. Louis Near Union Station, including fully refundable rates with free cancellation. Pear Tree Inn St. Louis Near Union Station, St. Louis. What are some of the property amenities at Pear Tree Inn St. Louis Near Union Station? It is located in Downtown St. Louis district, just a few minutes walk from Lucas Garden Park. The AC in our hallway was not working for the entire stay. Pear Tree Inn St. ...

Fire blight, a disease caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al., has been causing serious damage in Hungarian pear plantations since 1996. A prospective control measure could be the use of resistant cultivars. For that purpose ten pear cultivars have been tested under laboratory and greenhouse conditions for r...esistance to Erwinia amylovora strains collected in Hungary. Six of these cultivars are Hungarian ones of unknown origin, while four are traditional old varieties. Resistant cultivars should serve as germplasm for future breeding. Inoculations were made with a mixture of different pear isolates of the bacteria collected from various growing regions of Hungary (Ea 21, 23), at a density of 5x108 cells/ml. Susceptibility/resistance has been assessed on the basis of intensity of blight symptoms observed on shoots, flower parts and fruits. Cultivars were assigned to three susceptibility groups (low, moderate and high). Complete resistance was not found among the ...

A new control strategy has now been presented by researchers led by ETH professor Martin Loessner: they employed a bacterial virus (bacteriophage) designated Y2 that exclusively infects the fire blight pathogen, and equipped it with additional genes. This allowed them to create a highly effective and specific weapon against the Erwinia bacterium.. The native form of Y2 is a natural Erwinia killer, but it is unable to adequately penetrate the thick slime layer that protects the bacterium. Infact, this carbohydrate slime is very tough and clogs the vascular system of plants, causing the flowers and leaves to wither.. Yet, this does not prevent another bacteriophage, named L1, to attack Erwinia. This virus features particular enzymes which can dissolve the mucus efficiently. However, it is not as effective in killing the fire blight pathogen.. Equipping Y2 with mucus-dissolving abilities. By incorporating the gene for this enzyme from L1 into the Y2 phage, the researchers created a genetically ...

ABSTRACT: Pollination is a well-studied and at the same time a threatened ecosystem service. A significant part of global crop production depends on or profits from pollination by animals. Using detailed information on global crop yields of 60 pollination dependent or profiting crops, we provide a map of global pollination benefits on a 5′ by 5′ latitude-longitude grid. The current spatial pattern of pollination benefits is only partly correlated with climate variables and the distribution of cropland. The resulting map of pollination benefits identifies hot spots of pollination benefits at sufficient detail to guide political decisions on where to protect pollination services by investing in structural diversity of land use. Additionally, we investigated the vulnerability of the national economies with respect to potential decline of pollination services as the portion of the (agricultural) economy depending on pollination benefits. While the general dependency of the agricultural economy ...

Fire blight is a contagious disease of rosaceous plants [1] The pathogen is Erwinia amylovora, a Gram-negative bacterium in the family Enterobacteriaceae. If the conditions are right, it can destroy an entire orchard in a single growing season.. Infections get into open blossoms and tender new shoots and leaves in the spring when blossoms are open. There is no known cure; prevention is the key.[2] Spraying plants with streptomycin or injecting plants with oxytetracycline can prevent new infections. That leads to antibiotic resistance. Spraying beneficial bacteria or yeast may also prevent fire blight from infecting new trees. The only effective treatment for plants already infected is to cut off the affected branches and dispose of them.[3]. ...

A 530-kb megaplasmid pPag3 contributing 10.8% of the total genome of Pantoea vagans biocontrol strain C9-1 was sequenced. A rare nonpigmented variant C9-1W was obtained and shown to have lost pPag3, but retained all other plasmids (pPag1, pPag2). Phenotypic characterization of the variant confirmed the function of several annotated genes that may influence ecological fitness and efficacy. Metabolic profiling revealed important plasmid-based carbon utilization phenotypes. Plasmid loss resulted in thiamine auxotrophy, absence of carotenoid pigmentation, desferrioxamine diffusible siderophore biosynthesis, inherent ampicillin resistance and expression of AI-1 quorum-sensing signaling. This confirmed the functional expression of the corresponding genes located on pPag3 in P. vagans ...

Fireblight is a destructive bacterial disease affecting certain trees and shrubs. It is difficult to eradicate, because all the host plants of fireblight must be destroyed across a wide area around the occurrence. The disease is found in all European Union states with the exception of Finland.. The main host plants of the disease among crop plants are apples and pears and of ornamental plants hawthorns, rowans, flowering quinces, cotoneasters and juneberries.. Fireblight host plants, such as apple and pear trees, should not be imported from Estonia at all now, says Jari Poutanen, Head of Section at the Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira.. Planting material brought into Finland must have a protected zone plant passport Because Finland is free of fireblight, the EU has approved Finland as a protected zone. Host plants of the disease may only be imported into a protected zone on certain conditions.. If planting material is brought from Estonia, the fireblight host plants must have a protected ...

book Gas Transport in Porous p) Copolymer Composition by Liquid Chromatography-Particle Beam-Mass Spectrometry. book Gas Transport in Porous Media of Polymer-Coated Unisphere Aluminas for Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography: I. Methylene Group Selectivity. book 1994, 119, 1303-1314. fat-free Multimodal Elution for Pseudomultidimensional Liquid Chromatography on a Single Column. possible Strength, Selectivity, and Retention Mechanism Studies of Polybutadiene-Coated Alumina Columns in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. book Gas Transport in Porous uses for Column Chromatography. book Gas Transport in 1991, 116, 1275-1279. efficient book of Solute-Micelle Binding Constants and Related Parameters from Micellar Liquid Chromatographic Measurements. Acid Flow Rate Errors in High Performance Liquid Chromatography. book of program and viscosity and last-mentioned ionic bolls in Shale Oil by Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection. book of Noid Chemical Equilibria in Liquid ...

Accessory fruit: Accessory fruits incorporate other flower parts in the development of the mature fruit; for example, the hypanthium is used in forming the pear (Pyrus; Rosaceae), and the receptacle becomes part of the prickly pear.

hi bee wrangler. You have me confused about the hawthorns, There is a white-thorn (crataegus) shrub that grows wild so called because of its white blossom and red berries called haws. There is a blackthorn also with white blossom but grows into a small tree and produces black fruits called sloes (Pyrus spinosa). Both can be grown from seed and are fairly hardy, should withstand your Winters. The white thorn seeds need top be vernalised before sowing (stored in a freezer for a few months before sowing. They are native irish plants but not exclusive to ireland. hope this helps and welcome to the forum. ps. i live at the edge of the Atlantic in Cork harbour. The water comes to my front garden and sometimes into it ...

The risk for blossom blight infection is extreme this week as of May 14, 2013. Kasumin is the best material available for control in orchards in regions affected by streptomycin resistance in the fire blight pathogen.

M00777 Avermectin biosynthesis, 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA/isobutyryl-CoA => 6,8a-Seco-6,8a-deoxy-5-oxoavermectin 1a/1b aglycone => avermectin A1a/B1a/A1b/ ...

CosRXs AHA/BHA Clarifying Treatment Toner is a mild daily toner that gently exfoliates and restores balance to the skin. Packed with both AHA and BHA to deeply cleanse the skin and even out skin texture, this toner is also enriched with Willow Bark Water to give you clear and supple skin. Glycolic Acid (AHA): Brightens dull, uneven skin by enabling faster cell turnover and mildly melts dead skin cells on the outer layer of skin. Betaine Salicylate (BHA): Removes dead skin cells and cleans out clogged pores. Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Water: Used instead of plain mineral water to maximize exfoliating and brightening benefits without any irritation. PH 4.00~5.00150 ml. Made in Korea.Hypoallergenic. Dermatologist tested. Cruelty-free. Paraben-free. Sulfate-free. Phthalate-free. Alcohol-free. Vegan. How to Use: After cleansing, spray the toner onto a cotton pad and gently wipe onto face, avoiding the eye and mouth area. You can use COSRX AHA BHA Clarifying Treatment Toner as a Toner Mask. Soak 2 - 3

Colorful Powder Cheeks in the shape of cute colorful ball. Featuring shining pearl, it gives HAPPY complexion while creating stereoscopic features on the face. Also, containing moisture ingredients such as VITIS VINIFERA (GRAPE) SEED OIL and PYRUS MALUS (APPLE) FRUIT EXTRACT, the moist and smooth texture will be there gracefully on your face. Happy Charm is also inscribed in the shape of Heart in the ball.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health prepared a list of non‐EU phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L. A systematic literature review and sea .... ...

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health prepared a list of non‐EU phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L. A systematic literature review and sea .... ...

NEW product! A blend of pure aloe vera, pear fruit enzymes with natural spring waters and micellar water to create an effective and yet, hydrating NATURAL make-up remover. Finished with a soft pear fruit scent. Also good for oily skin and sensitive skin. Additionally great for removing excess oils and dirt before a

A pome is an accessory fruit composed of one or more carpels surrounded by accessory tissue. The accessory tissue is interpreted by some specialists as an extension of the receptacle and is then referred to as fruit cortex,[2] and by others as a fused hypanthium.[2] It is the most edible part of this fruit. The carpels of a pome are fused within the core.[3] Although the epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp of some other fruit types look very much like the skin, flesh, and core respectively of a pome, they are parts of the carpel (see diagram). The epicarp and mesocarp of a pome may be fleshy and difficult to distinguish from one another and from the hypanthial tissue. The endocarp forms a leathery or stony case around the seed, and corresponds to what is commonly called the core. Pome-type fruit with stony rather than leathery endocarp may be called a polypyrenous drupe.[4] The shriveled remains of the sepals, style and stamens can sometimes be seen at the end of a pome opposite the stem, and ...

Certains naiment pas monter aux branches préfèrent les longues cannes ornées de plumes de poulets pour polliniser les fleurs.///Some do not like climbing the trees and prefer the long canes adorned with chicken feathers for pollinating the flowers.

Most of the Spanish commercial acreage of persimmon is located in the Southeast area of the country. Our goal was to identify fungi causing postharvest diseases in our local environmental conditions. Persimmons cvs. ` Rojo Brillante' and ` Triumph' from two different orchards were used during two consecutive seasons to assess both latent pathogens (field infections) and wound pathogens (postharvest infections). Healthy persimmons were either surface-disinfected with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite or artificially wounded in the rind and placed in humid chambers at 20 degrees C for up to 7 weeks. Additionally, decay was periodically assessed on commercially-handled fruit stored at 1 degrees C for 4 months. Isolated fungi were plated in potato dextrose agar (PDA) Petri dishes and incubated at 25 degrees C for further macroscopic and/or microscopic identification. Although identification of few pathogens causing minor decay is pending, results indicated that the main causal agents of latent and ...

Description from Flora of China. Betula acuminata Wallich var. pyrifolia Franchet; B. alnoides Buchanan-Hamilton var. pyrifolia (Franchet) Burkill; B. baeumkeri H. Winkler; B. cylindrostachya Lindley var. resinosa Diels; B. hupehensis C. K. Schneider; B. luminifera var. baeumderi (H. Winkler) P. C. Kuo.. Trees to 25 m tall; bark dark brown, smooth. Branchlets yellow-brown, densely yellow pubescent, sparsely resinous glandular, glabrescent. Petiole 1-2 cm, densely villous and resinous punctate; leaf blade oblong, broadly oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, rarely elliptic or ovate, 4.5-10 × 2.5-6 cm, abaxially densely resinous punctate, bearded in axils of lateral veins, adaxially densely pubescent when young, base rounded, subcordate, or broadly cuneate, margin irregularly and doubly setiform serrate, apex mucronate or caudate; lateral veins 12-14 on each side of midvein. Female inflorescence 1(-2), pendulous, narrowly cylindric, 3-9 cm × 6-10 mm; peduncle 1-2 mm, densely pubescent and resinous ...

Edit: Local extension ID'ed the fungus shoots as sign of Ambrosia Beetle. gulp! Always lovely to learn about a new fatal pest. Will leave this post up in case others have similar question, but let me know if it makes more sense to delete. -- Trying to ID what I suspect is fire blight and hope

Peach trees and other related plants are susceptible to the devastation caused by fire blight, a contagious bacterial disease. Once contracted, infected trees have to be burned to contain the disease and prevent spread to nearby trees. Increasing resistance to antibiotic treatment has sent scientists in search of alternative ways to deal with the bacteria and prevent its catastrophic damage.

ETH researchers have created an effective weapon against the plant disease fire blight and a new method for detection of Salmonella. Both are based on particular viruses that attack only one species of bacteria.

POME is always regarded as a highly polluting wastewater generated from palm oil mills. However, reutilization of POME to generate renewable energies in commercial scale has great potential. Anaerobic digestion is widely adopted in the industry as a primary treatment for POME. Biogas is produced in the process in the amount of 20 m3 per ton FFB. This effluent could be used for biogas production through anaerobic digestion. At many palm oil mills this process is already in place to meet water quality standards for industrial effluent. The gas, however, is flared off.. Palm oil mills, being one of the largest industries in Malaysia and Indonesia, effluents from these mills can be anaerobically converted into biogas which in turn can be used to generate power through CHP systems such as gas turbines or gas-fired engines. A cost effective way to recover biogas from POME is to replace the existing ponding/lagoon system with a closed digester system which can be achieved by installing floating plastic ...

Quince paste is called Crema de Membrillo in Spanish. The word membrillo derives from the Latin melimelum, which means honey apple and refers to quince or a preserve made of quince. This relative of the apple and pear is a native of the Caucasus resembling a large, yellow, lumpy pear. Making quince preserves was one of the first uses of the pectin that occurs naturally in fruit. Spanish quince paste is most often eaten with traditional Spanish cheeses, such as Manchego and aged Mahon. ...

You may not be aware of it, but every time you bite into that crisp, organic apple or succulent, organic pear, you could be exposing yourself to two different antibiotic drugs that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)s National Organic Standards Board (NOSB) has quietly allowed to be used on these two fruits since the organic programs inception back in the 1990s. And unless the health-conscious community makes its collective voice heard on this important issue, the deceptive practice will continue to play a role in the growing antibiotic-resistance epidemic that is sweeping modern society.. It has been a problem since the early days of the National Organic Program (NOP) - a destructive bacterial disease known as fire blight tends to harm many apple and pear varieties, making their trees appear as though they have been burned by fire. If left to run its natural course without effective intervention, fire blight can kill blossoms, shoots, limbs, and sometimes entire trees, making it ...

Asian pear lip balm with clip top with silver carbineer makes a rejuvenating and sensuous lip aid for all those who wish to beat weather blues with a healthy smile. This lip balm emanates flavor and aroma of an Asian pear and it leaves your lips

Epiphytic Bacteria of Macroalgae of the Genus Ulva and their Potential in Producing Enzymes Having Biotechnological Interest Marine environment represents broad potentia..

The celebrated cherry blossoms are perhaps more delicate, apple-blossom-like--which is another reason I dont really miss them much. I grew up with a cherry blossom tree in my front yard that sported robust, virile flowers--apparently just like the one in the back yard of the house in whose basement I now reside! (And, actually, this photo isnt of that tree, its one I happened by and snapped a photo to send to my mother.) I believe what I used to have in my front yard is a Kikuzakura cherry blossom, which has about 100 petals per flower (the 50-ish-petal Kwanzan just looks too sparse to be the cherry blossom of my childhood). These babies are what I think of when I think cherry blossom, and of all the plants of my childhood, that tree was my favourite, and is probably one of the largest contributors to my enjoyment of gardening, with its broad leaves, showy display of seasonal beauty, and sturdy limbs to climb. This fluffy cherry blossom is like an uncle--your friend and mentor who ...

Commonly called Bradford or Cleveland pear, these trees have escaped our landscapes and now displace native trees, shrubs, perennials and annuals.

Pear is one of the oldest fruit trees cultivated by man - it was mentioned in ancient Chinese manuscripts. Pear was also mentioned by Homer in the Odyssey, where the author describes the excellent fruit which grew in gardens of Persian king. Homer called it gift of the gods. Later pears were sent to Greece and Roman Empire. Pears were cultivated in warm countries all over the world. Pear health benefits were known in ancient time.. Pear is a good source of antioxidants, fibers, sucrose, glucose, fructose, carotene, folic acid, manganese, iron, iodine, copper, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, zinc, fluorine, molybdenum, pectin, ash and organic acids. Pear is rich in vitamins such as A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, E, P, PP as well as tannins.. ...

Floral lilies are complimented with the sweet aroma of Asian Pear.Top Notes: Nashi pear, apple, leafy greeneryMid Notes: jasmine, lily of the valley, rose petalsBase Notes: pear nectar, musk, peony blossomsIngredients: Our Farm Fresh Raw Goat Milk, Lard, Coconut Oil, Olive Oil, Grapeseed Oil, Sodium Hydroxide (Lye), Fragrance/Essential Oil, Skin safe colorants (mica).Disclaimer: We recommend that you test our products on a small area (wrist or elbow). If rash or irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.Please note that all of our products are hand poured in small batches. You may experience variation in color, aroma, and weight from batch to batch.Our products have not been reviewed by the FDA. Our products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any diseases.

This report discusses a research project aimed at determining the reasons for postharvest generated cullage of Anjou pears. The project is funded by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission and the Winter Pear Control Committee.. The largest volume of winter pears for fresh consumption in the USA is grown and shipped from packinghouses in Washington and Oregon. During the period 1989-1991 the largest volume of Anjou pears was shipped from the Wenatchee district (43%), followed by the mid-Columbia district (39%), the Yakima district (14%) and the Medford district (4%).. Anjou pears are stored in regular or controlled atmosphere storage (CA) and marketed from September through June. They are sold throughout the USA and in an expanding number of export markets. For example, large volumes of the 1991 crop were sold in Sweden, Canada, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, and Taiwan.. Cullage due to postharvest problems can appear at the time of packing, after storage or in the marketplace. It reduces grower ...

Last weekend, my grandparents visited, and as I know they have a love for gardens, flowers, and all things beautiful, we took them to Gibbs Gardens. Daffodils, cherry trees, and a couple other early spring blossoms looked gorgeous, flowering across the landscape. One bloom that was absent, however, was that of the Bradford pear. We passed many planted in the yards of homeowners on our drive to the gardens, however the tree was absent there. This absence is for very good reason, as the Bradford pear has become a hugely invasive species, choking out other native trees and plants in its wake.. First, a bit about the Bradford pear. It is originally native to China, and is a sub-species of a group known as the Callery pears, or almost any ornamental pear variety. It can grown between 30-50 feet tall and 20-30 feet wide. It is a rapid grower with a short to moderate lifespan. It is largely disease and pest resistant, and produces fruit through cross pollination with other Callery pear ...