Prenalterol is a cardiac stimulant which acts as a β1 adrenoreceptor agonist. Prenalterol interestingly exhibits adrenergic agonist activity in spite of an interposed oxymethylene group. The stereospecific synthesis devised for this molecule relies on the fact that the side chain is very similar in oxidation state to that of a sugar. Condensation of monobenzone (2) with the epoxide derived from α-D-glucofuranose affords the glycosylated derivative (3). Hydrolytic removal of the acetonide protecting groups followed by cleavage of the sugar with periodate gives aldehyde (4). This is reduced to the glycol by means of NaBH4 and the terminal alcohol is converted to the mesylate (5). Displacement of the leaving group with isopropylamine followed by hydrogenolytic removal of the O-benzyl ether affords the β1-adrenergic selective adrenergic agonist prenalterol (6). Prepns of the racemic mixture: NL 6409883 corresp to H. Köppe et al., U.S. Patent 3,637,852 (1965, 1972 both to Boehringer Ingelheim); ...

Bambuterol is an active precursor of the selective β|sub|2|/sub|-adrenergic agonist terbutaline. Bambuterol is the bis-dimethylcarbamate of terbutaline, and is present in the formulation as a 1:1 racemate.

Results IL-7 stimulated IL-7R+ mature B cells act proinflammatory (increased clinical score, increased anticollagen type II antibodies) after cell transfer in CIA. The sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine abrogates this effect. Expression of IL-7Rα is increased when B cells are activated (anti-CD40 or lipopolysaccharide) in vitro and stimulating the IL-7R induces intracellular accumulation of pSTAT5. α- And β-adrenergic agonists show no influence on expression levels of IL-7R on activated B cells; however, intracellular IL-7R downstream signalling is abrogated via the β2-adreonceptor (β2AR) agonist terbutaline. IL-7R and β2AR are also expressed on B cells in synovial tissue from RA and OA patients.. ...

IL-7 stimulated IL-7R+ mature B cells act proinflammatory (increased clinical score, increased anticollagen type II antibodies) after cell transfer in CIA. The sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine abrogates this effect. Expression of IL-7Rα is increased when B cells are activated (anti-CD40 or lipopolysaccharide) in vitro and stimulating the IL-7R induces intracellular accumulation of pSTAT5. α- And β-adrenergic agonists show no influence on expression levels of IL-7R on activated B cells; however, intracellular IL-7R downstream signalling is abrogated via the β2-adreonceptor (β2AR) agonist terbutaline. IL-7R and β2AR are also expressed on B cells in synovial tissue from RA and OA patients ...

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This study evaluated the economic and health-related consequences of the as-needed use of a long-acting beta2-agonist with fast onset (formoterol, Oxis Turbuhaler 4.5 microg) versus a short-acting beta2-agonist (terbutaline, Bricanyl Turbuhaler 0.5 mg) in patients with moderate to severe asthma. A m …