According to a new report from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), the preterm birth rate in the United States has gone up again. In 2017 the rate of preterm birth in this country was 9.93 percent. In 2018 it went up to 10.02 percent. This marks the fourth year in a row with an increased rate. This comes after steady declines over the past ten years.. In the United States, about 380,000 babies are born prematurely (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) each year. This means that about 1 in 10 babies is born too soon. The most recent change in the preterm birth rate suggests an additional 3,000 premature births in 2018.. The NCHS report also highlights the change in the preterm birth rate among women of color. Overall, black women have a preterm birth rate about 50 percent higher than the rate for white women. Almost 17 percent of black babies are born prematurely each year.. Premature birth is one of the main causes of death for babies in the United States and worldwide. Babies who survive ...

Daily vaginal progesterone initiated at 16 weeks was a reasonable alternative to weekly 17-alpha-hydroxy-progesterone caproate (17-OHPC) for the prevention of spontaneous preterm birth in women with singleton gestations and prior spontaneous preterm birth, a systematic review in Obstetrics & Gynecology reported.

Researchers have found a reduction in premature birth risk with an increased intake of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids intake while pregnant. With approximately 15 million babies born too early annually, premature birth is a major global health concern. Premature birth is the number 1 cause of death for under 5 year old children worldwide, and accounts for almost 1 million deaths every year. Premature babies have an elevated risk of a variety of long-term conditions which includes learning difficulties, developmental delay and visual impairment. From 38 to 42 weeks is the duration of most pregnancies, and those babies born before 37 weeks are premature. The risk of compromised health or death is increased the earlier the birth.. Researchers analyzed data from 70 randomized trials to determine the role of long-chain omega-3 fats in the reduction of premature birth risk, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which can be found in fish oil supplements ...

Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. In a recently completed trial of weekly injections of 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Maternal Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network found the treatments significantly beneficial in the prevention of recurrent preterm birth. Other studies have shown that fish oil supplementation can reduce the risk for preterm birth. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Omega-3, a polyunsaturated fatty acid nutritional supplement, in addition to injections of 17P, further decreases the rate of preterm birth in women at risk.. This study is a randomized, double-masked clinical trial with two study arms: a daily supplement of Omega-3 capsules containing 800 mg of DHA and 1200 mg of EPA or a daily supplement of a matching placebo. All patients will also receive weekly injections of 17P. Eight hundred pregnant women with a history of previous preterm ...

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Women with multifetal gestation face numerous risks in excess of those faced by women with singleton gestation. Preterm birth is by far the most common and the most significant of these problems, yet no intervention or approach has served to reduce this risk. The prevalence of preterm birth has risen dramatically in recent years, in large part due to Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Consequently, the problem of preterm birth has assumed an even greater role in contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. The recently completed trial by the NICHD sponsored Maternal Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network has, for the first time, demonstrated a treatment (i.e. progesterone therapy) that substantially reduces the rate of preterm birth in women at high risk for preterm delivery because of a prior spontaneous preterm birth . Preterm birth was reduced by 35% among progesterone-treated women when compared with women receiving placebo. Given this dramatic benefit and the extremely high risk of ...

Emory University epidemiologist Ramkumar Menon, PhD, has received a March of Dimes Prematurity Research Initiative (PRI) grant to study preterm birth. He is one of only seven U.S. researchers recognized with a March of Dimes PRI grant this year and will receive $314,323 funding over the next three years.. Menon, an associate research professor of epidemiology, Emorys Rollins School of Public Health, is currently examining genetic, environmental and other risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth, defined as birth before 37 weeks gestation. His research on preterm birth spans nearly two decades.. Im interested in exploring the genetic aspects of preterm birth especially as it relates to racial disparities, says Menon. This grant will allow me to examine the genetic factors and the biomarkers of preterm birth and combine them to come up with a risk assessment model. Preterm birth is a leading cause of infant death in the United States. Babies who survive an early birth often face serious ...

Significant findings published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Women with a short cervix should be treated with vaginal progesterone to prevent preterm birth, according to a landmark study by leading obstetricians around the world. Vaginal progesterone decreased the rate of preterm birth by 42%, and significantly reduced the rate of respiratory distress syndrome and the need for mechanical ventilation, as well as a composite of several complications of premature newborns (e.g. infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, intracranial hemorrhage, etc.). An early online version of the study was published today in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AJOG), and is available on the AJOG website free of charge.. Our analysis provides compelling evidence that vaginal progesterone prevents preterm birth and reduces neonatal morbidity/mortality in women with a short cervix, said lead investigator Dr. Roberto Romero, Chief of the Perinatology Research Branch and Head of the ...

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC - The Burroughs Wellcome Fund is pleased to announce the recipients of the 2013 Preterm Birth Initiative. This initiative is intended to shed light on preterm birth by creating interdisciplinary research teams focused on reproductive science.. We believe that creating diverse research teams is one way to advance the study of preterm birth, said BWF President John E. Burris, Ph.D. Preterm birth ahs serious social, economic, and medical implications.. The Preterm Birth Initiative provides $600,000 over a four-year period. Candidates are selected from a self-nominated pool. Finalists are interviewed and selected by an independent advisory committee and approved by the BWF Board of Directors. BWF received 47 eligible applications.. This years recipients, listed by principle investigator, include:. George Scott Worthen, M.D. ...

LEADING PATIENT ADVOCATES LAUNCH PRETERM BIRTH PREVENTION ALLIANCE TO PROTECT CRITICAL ACCESS TO THE SOLE FDA-APPROVED CLASS OF THERAPIES TO REDUCE RECURRENT PRETERM BIRTH. WASHINGTON, DC, April 20, 2021 - Today, the National Consumers League (NCL), along with a coalition of patient advocacy organizations dedicated to advancing the health of mothers and infants, announced the launch of the ,Preterm Birth Prevention Alliance.. Members of the Alliance are joining forces in an effort to preserve patient access to the only Food & Drug Administration-approved class of treatments for pregnant women who have previously had an unexpected, or spontaneous, preterm birth. Together, Alliance members seek to ensure that the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) hears concerns from the full range of stakeholders about the potential risks and impact of withdrawal for at-risk pregnant women and their providers.. For the fifth year in a row, the U.S. preterm birth rate has increased (to 10.2 percent of births), and ...

LEADING PATIENT ADVOCATES LAUNCH PRETERM BIRTH PREVENTION ALLIANCE TO PROTECT CRITICAL ACCESS TO THE SOLE FDA-APPROVED CLASS OF THERAPIES TO REDUCE RECURRENT PRETERM BIRTH. WASHINGTON, DC, April 20, 2021 - Today, the National Consumers League (NCL), along with a coalition of patient advocacy organizations dedicated to advancing the health of mothers and infants, announced the launch of the ,Preterm Birth Prevention Alliance.. Members of the Alliance are joining forces in an effort to preserve patient access to the only Food & Drug Administration-approved class of treatments for pregnant women who have previously had an unexpected, or spontaneous, preterm birth. Together, Alliance members seek to ensure that the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) hears concerns from the full range of stakeholders about the potential risks and impact of withdrawal for at-risk pregnant women and their providers.. For the fifth year in a row, the U.S. preterm birth rate has increased (to 10.2 percent of births), and ...

TY - THES. T1 - Respiratory pathogens and morbidity in the first year following very preterm birth: A 12-month prospective cohort study. AU - Townsi, Nada. PY - 2019. Y1 - 2019. N2 - This thesis prospectively characterises respiratory morbidity and respiratory pathogens in survivors of very preterm birth, less than 32 weeks gestation, for one year after hospital discharge using monthly respiratory questionnaire and parent-collected nasal swabs. Very preterm infants, irrespective of neonatal lung disease, experience a high burden of respiratory symptoms with 60.7% having recurrent wheeze (more than 3 episodes) during this time. Respiratory pathogens, most commonly rhinovirus, were readily detected during both symptomatic and asymptomatic assessments. Consequently, prescription of respiratory medications and healthcare utilisation were high. Further research is warranted to determine the long-term impacts of respiratory pathogens on respiratory health later in life. AB - This thesis prospectively ...

Berghella, V. (This is an evidence based medicine book focused on the impact, epidemiology, genetics and prevention of preterm birth.). Iams, JD, Berghella, V. Care for women with prior PTB. Am J Obstet Gynecol. vol. 203. 2010. pp. 89-100. Meis, PJ, Klebanoff, M, Thom, E. Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17 alphahydroxyprogesterone caproate. N Engl J Med. vol. 348. 2003. pp. 2379-86. (Randomized controlled trial comparing the use of 17P versus placebo in women with a history of prior preterm birth. The evidence showed that intramuscular administration of 17P can decrease the risk of recurrent preterm birth when started between 16-20 weeks and continued weekly until 36 weeks.). Use of progesterone to reduce preterm birth. ACOG Committee Opinion No.419. Obstet Gynecol. vol. 112. 2008. pp. 963-5. (An ACOG committee opinion regarding the Meis trial above.). Kilpatrick, S. Progesterone for prevention of prematurity. Contemporary Ob-Gyn. vol. 54. 2009. pp. 32-3. da Fonseca, EB, ...

OBJECTIVE: The rate of preterm births has been increasing in the United States, especially for births 34 to 36 weeks of gestation (late preterm), which now constitute 71% of all preterm births. The causes for these trends remain unclear. We characterized the delivery indications for late preterm births and their potential impact on neonatal and infant mortality rates.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Using the 2001 US Birth Cohort Linked birth/death files of 3 483 496 singleton births, we categorized delivery indications as follows: (1) maternal medical conditions; (2) obstetric complications; (3) major congenital anomalies; (4) isolated spontaneous labor: vaginal delivery without induction and without associated medical/obstetric factors; and (5) no recorded indication.. RESULTS: Of the 292 627 late-preterm births, the first 4 categories (those with indications and isolated spontaneous labor) accounted for 76.8%. The remaining 23.2% (67 909) were classified as deliveries with no recorded indication. ...

Folic acid supplementation, dietary folate intake during pregnancy and risk for spontaneous preterm delivery: a prospective observational cohort ...

Background: Preterm birth defined as birth prior to 37 weeks of gestation is caused by different risk factors and implies an increased risk for disease and early death for the child. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on the risk of preterm birth. Methods: A case-control study that included 340 women; 168 women who gave birth preterm and 172 women who gave birth at term. Data were manually extracted from standardized medical records. If the medical record contained a psychiatric diagnosis or a self-reported stressor e.g., depression or anxiety the woman was considered to have been exposed to stress during pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to calculate the attributable risk (AR) of maternal stress during pregnancy on preterm birth, both for the women exposed to stress during pregnancy (AR1 = (AOR-1)/AOR) and for the whole study population (AR2 = AR1*case fraction). Results: Maternal stress during pregnancy was more common among women ...

There is limited evidence to guide recommendations on sexual activity in women who are at increased risk of preterm labour because of a history of preterm labour, multiple gestation or cervical incompetence. Yet, these are the women who are usually advised to abstain from sex.. Yost and colleagues studied the impact of sexual intercourse on recurrent preterm delivery in women with a previous spontaneous preterm birth at less than 32 weeks gestation.5 Frequency of sexual intercourse at the time of study enrolment had no effect on the incidence of recurrent preterm delivery. However, women with a higher number of lifetime sexual partners had an increased risk of preterm delivery. Previous authors have postulated that this may be because of an increased incidence of asymptomatic bacterial colonization of the genital tract in women who have had more sexual partners, leading to subclinical infection, which can induce preterm labour. For this reason, the current guidelines from the Society of ...

Preterm birth rates improved in almost every state between 2006 and 2009, and in several states the change was more than 10 percent, according to the March of Dimes 2011 Premature Birth Report Card.

Premature births across 183 countries may be associated with fine particulate matter, a common air pollutant, with Africa and Asia especially affected Air pollution could be a contributing factor in millions of premature births around the world each year, a new report has found. Nearly 15 million babies are born annually before reaching 37 weeks…

Objective: Ophthalmologic complications after preterm birth are common. Small studies show an association between retinopathy of prematurity and later retinal detachment. There are no population-based studies of preterm birth and risk of retinal detachment, which was the objective of the current investigation.Design: Nationwide Swedish cohort study based on population registries.Participants: Of 3 423 697 subjects born in Sweden, 1 271 725 were born between 1973 and 1986 (i.e., before the national screening program for retinopathy of prematurity started), and 2 151 972 were born between 1987 and 2008. The participants were followed up from 1 year of age until 2009.Methods: Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for (Read more...) Full Story →. ...

HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, Jan. 24, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- A daily baby aspirin helped first-time mothers lower their chances of delivering too soon in a new clinical trial, though its not clear the practice should become routine everywhere.. The trial, which was run in six lower-income countries, found that giving first-time mothers a daily low-dose aspirin reduced their risk of preterm birth by 11%. Their chances of a very early delivery -- before the 34th week of pregnancy -- were cut by one-quarter.. This is a very important finding, said Dr. Rahul Gupta, chief medical and health officer for the nonprofit March of Dimes.. Low-dose aspirin is readily available, cheap and safe, noted Gupta, who was not involved in the trial. That means it could have a real impact in low-income countries, where infant deaths from preterm birth are particularly common.. But whether the findings would extend to the United States and other high-income countries is not yet known, Gupta added. ...

In this register study of whole national cohorts of more than 1 million school children, the degree of immaturity at birth, as measured by gestational age, was associated with risk of ADHD medication in school age. This effect was largely independent of socioeconomic and perinatal confounders, and, as confirmed by the within-mother-between-pregnancy analysis, also independent of genetic confounding. However, social adversity, as defined by low maternal education, increased the effect of moderately preterm birth on the risk of ADHD.. The risk for ADHD was doubled for children born at 23 to 28 weeks gestation in the fully adjusted models, which is on the same level as in the meta-analysis of Bhutta et al.2 The gradual risk increase for ADHD by increasing degree of immaturity, and the lack of a connection with cerebral palsy and growth restriction mentioned above, seems to point to the role of brain development for explaining the main mechanisms linking preterm birth with ADHD. The refinement of ...

Background: Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy is associated with several benefits in maternal and child outcomes, and its relationship with preterm birth is still conflicting. This study aims to examine the associations between PA during pregnancy and occurrence of preterm birth. Methods: PA was assessed by questionnaire (for each trimester) and accelerometry (second trimester) in women enrolled in a birth cohort study that started during pregnancy and included births that occurred between January 1 and December 31, 2015. Gestational age was based on the last menstrual period and ultrasonography. All deliveries before 37 weeks of gestation were considered preterm births. A Poisson regression model was used to measure associations controlling for potential confounders. Results: PA information was available for 4163 women and 13.8% of births were preterm. A total of 15.8% of women were engaged in PA during pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that only PA performed in the third trimester ...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is relatively common among pregnant and postpartum women. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD for women is about 10%, with one-third of episodes lasting more than five years. Given the relatively high prevalence of PTSD in young women and the chronic nature of the illness, many women may experience PTSD symptoms during pregnancy.. Past studies have suggested that stressful life events and PTSD may be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth; however, the findings have been inconsistent. One of the factors which has complicated the interpretation of these studies is that many women with PTSD are taking psychotropic medications - typically antidepressants or benzodiazepines - which may also modulate risk for preterm birth. A recent study has looked more closely at the link between PTSD symptoms and preterm birth, attempting to parse out the effect of medication on outcomes.. Women with a diagnosis of PTSD had an increased risk of preterm birth (odds ratio ...

Illinois gets a D grade from the March of Dimes today in the organizations first national report card on premature birth.. The states poor performance reflects several factors, including its relatively high pre-term birth rate and a large number of women of childbearing age without health insurance.. Slightly more than 13 percent of all babies in Illinois were born prematurely (before 37 weeks of gestation) in 2005, up 11 percent from 1995, according to the March of Dimes report card. Seventeen percent of women of childbearing age in the state didnt have medical coverage in 2005, and 21.2 percent smoked, which raised their risk of having infants with birth defects. ...

Background It is unknown whether the risk of preterm birth (PTB) is elevated for forced (refugee) international migrants and whether prolonged displacement amplifies risk. While voluntary migrants who arrive from a country other than their country of birth (ie, secondary migrants) have favourable birth outcomes compared with those who migrated directly from their country of birth (ie, primary migrants), secondary migration may be detrimental for refugees who experience distinct challenges in transition countries. Our objectives were (1) to determine whether refugee status was associated with PTB and (2) whether the relation between refugee status and PTB differed between secondary and primary migrants. ...

With the exception of breech presentations, attempting vaginal delivery of early preterm fetuses in the vertex position is highly successful and associated with neonatal mortality rates similar to those for cesarean delivery.

On its national report card in 2008, the March of Dimes awarded Kentucky an F for its rates of premature birth and low birth weight babies. Kentucky ranks 46th and 39th respectively in the nation. One of every seven babies born in Kentucky is pre-term.. Pre-term birth is the No. 1 cause of newborn death and is a leading cause of serious life-long disabilities.. According to Kentucky Youth Advocates, low birth weight and preterm babies are 28 percent more likely to die and 34 percent more likely to drop out of high school than full term babies of normal weight, even within the same family.. As adults they are more likely to suffer from heart disease, diabetes and hypertension. Preterm births cost $26 billion in the U.S. each year (and children who are born premature need a higher level of resources from schools and communities.). Yet, 62 percent of pregnant women in Kentucky polled in a March of Dimes survey reported that they did not believe late preterm birth was a serious problem or were ...

Health, ...CHICAGO Premature birth appears to trigger developmental processes in...Preterm infantsgenerally those born 23 to 36 weeks after conception a... In the United States we have approximately 500000 preterm births a ...Dr. Blml and colleagues have been studying preterm infants to learn mo...,MR,spectroscopy,shows,differences,in,brains,of,preterm,infants,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news

Preterm birth, which occurs anytime up to 37 weeks, is the biggest cause of newborn deaths and the leading cause of death in children under five. Globally more than 15 million babies are born prematurely every year, which is more than 1 in 10 babies and this number is rising. Around 1 million of preterm babies die each year from related complications.. However even the survivors are at risk - they are more likely to have cerebral palsy, delays in development, respiratory conditions and visual and hearing problems. Survival rates vary enormously: for babies born before 23 weeks it is less than 1%, it increases at 23 weeks to 15%. But after this every extra day in the womb increases the chance of survival: at 24 weeks it is 55% while at 25 weeks it is about 80%.. The causes of preterm birth vary. Most preterm births occur spontaneously. In 20% of cases the mothers waters break early leading to birth. An emergency event such as infection, the placenta detaching from the uterus, eclampsia or the ...

Premature births are the main reason that the U.S. infant mortality rate is higher than in most European countries, according to a government report issued November 3. In the U.S. one in eight births is premature. These births are much less common in Europe, and in Ireland and Finland only one in eighteen babies is premature.

Author Summary Preterm birth is a major health concern globally as it is not only a leading cause of neonatal death, but also has long term consequences including defective brain development. Infection of vagina and cervix of pregnant women with the bacteria, Group B Streptococcus (GBS), causes chorio-amnionitis that significantly increases the probability of preterm births. We report that, GBS produces small extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) which are toxic to both fetal and maternal cells. In animal studies, we found that the MVs disrupt the connective tissue of the fetal membrane reducing its mechanical strength which may cause premature rupture of amniotic sac. Further we show that even in absence of the bacteria, the MVs directly led to extensive inflammation in the mouse resulting in chorio-amnionitis, preterm births and still births. Collectively, our findings reveal how GBS while colonizing the lower genitourinary tract might orchestrate events at the fetal membrane leading to premature

The premature birth rate in the United States has been persistently high among Black women for many decades. While most research on the topic of premature birth involves poor and low-income women, ... More. The premature birth rate in the United States has been persistently high among Black women for many decades. While most research on the topic of premature birth involves poor and low-income women, this book focuses on the experiences of more affluent women to show that race is as much a common denominator as class in adverse birth outcomes. Using the afterlife of slavery framework, the book argues that racism shapes professional and college-educated Black womens prenatal and birthing medical encounters, which have precedents that emanate from slavery. The book weaves in historic examples of medical racism, offering analytical context for understanding contemporary Black womens interpretations of medical encounters of prenatal care, labor, birthing, and the admission of their premature child ...

In his August 2013 editorial, editor in chief Dr. Charles Lockwood discusses recent findings that obese women have a higher risk of extremely early preterm delivery.

Clinical trial for Preterm Birth , Randomized Study of Pessary Versus Standard Management in Women With Increased Chance of Premature Birth

HealthDay Reporter. WEDNESDAY, Dec. 23, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- The number of U.S. women having babies rose last year for the first time since 2007, while births by teens fell to a record low.. Also lower in 2014 were the number of unmarried women giving birth, the number of cesarean deliveries and the preterm birth rate, federal health officials reported Wednesday.. All of these are positive outcomes as far as infant health is concerned, said report coauthor Michelle Osterman, a health statistician at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Preventions National Center for Health Statistics.. Dr. Mark DeFrancesco, president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, said the new numbers show progress in womens health -- reflected in a record low in the teen birth rate, the decline in C-sections and a lower preterm birth rate.. Better preventing pregnancies among teenagers means that more women will have the opportunity to complete school, perhaps pursue careers and wait ...

Borne is a medical research charity based in Imperial College facilities at Chelsea & Westminster Hospital. Our aim: identify the causes of premature birth & preterm labour to save lives, prevent disability and create lifelong health for mothers & babies.

View arbortion.docx from SMA 2440 at Kirinyaga University College (JKUAT). Abortion Abortion Premature birth is the completion of a pregnancy by the removal of a fetus or embryo before it can get by

New research is raising fresh concern that an age-old treatment for troubled pregnancies - bed rest - doesnt seem to prevent premature birth, and might even worsen that risk.

Premature births across 183 countries may be associated with fine particulate matter, a common air pollutant, with Africa and Asia especially affected

The March of Dimes is working to help moms have full-term pregnancies and healthy babies. In South Carolina, we are addressing the rate of premature birth by focusing on smoking cessation, reducing disparities and improving maternal health between pregnancies.

Action Medical Research are funding vital research into premature birth, inflammation and delaying labour. Help fund this vital work by making a contribution today.

Taking folic acid supplements for a year before conception reduces the risk of very premature birth by at least 50%, researchers reported Monday.Shorter courses of the supplement were not as

After a premature birth, it can be hard for dads. Our guide for dads on premature babies covers bonding, feelings and getting involved with your baby.

New research is raising fresh concern that an age-old treatment for troubled pregnancies - bed rest - doesnt seem to prevent premature birth, and might even worsen that risk.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors: a promising therapeutic approach to premature birth? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;117(1001):S15-S17.

A worldwide study of preterm births has found that 15 million babies are born before 37 weeks gestation every year, with one million of those babies dying from complications.. The report, published by a coalition that includes the World Health Organization and the charity Save the Children, found that the proportion of preterm babies was rising in nearly every country with reliable data, mainly high and middle income countries. Prematurity is the leading cause of death in newborns and the second leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 years, but a lack of data on preterm births at the country level has hampered action in low and middle … ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the fetal catechol-o-methyltransferase gene is associated with spontaneous preterm birth in African Americans. AU - Thota, Chandrasekhar. AU - Menon, Ramkumar. AU - Wentz, Melissa J.. AU - Fortunato, Stephen J.. AU - Bartlett, Jackie. AU - Drobek, Cayce O.. AU - Nair, Sangeeta. AU - Al-Hendy, Ayman. PY - 2012/2. Y1 - 2012/2. N2 - Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity has been reported to be higher in African Americans (AA) than Caucasians (Cau). COMT converts 2- and 4-hydroxy (OH) estrogens to 2- and 4-methoxyestrogens, respectively, and can increase estrogenic milieu locally in tissues. To assess whether the increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB) among AA women is associated with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the COMT gene, we examined variations in maternal and fetal COMT genes and their association with pregnancy outcomes (term vs preterm pregnancies) using 4 functional SNPs: rs4633, rs4680, rs4818, and rs6269 in both AA ...

Year after year, studies have found that non-Hispanic white women have the lowest preterm birth rate in Ohio, but new research found a different trend.. Somali immigrants had a 5.9 percent preterm birth rate in the state from 2000 to 2015 compared to 7.9 percent for U.S.-born, non-Hispanic white women, investigators from Nationwide Childrens Hospital report.. The finding is surprising, says Irina Buhimschi, MD, an obstetrician/gynecologist, director of the Center for Perinatal Research at The Research Institute at Nationwide Childrens and study author. But more importantly, this serves as a starting point for more targeted studies aimed at learning why the rate is different and how that can be applied to reduce prematurity in the general population.. Preterm birth is the second leading cause of infant mortality, can hinder intellectual and physical development and cause a long list of long-term problems including cerebral palsy, autism, behavioral problems, vison and hearing loss, and ...

Columbus, OH - February 2018. Year after year, studies have found that non-Hispanic white women have the lowest preterm birth rate in Ohio, but new research found a different trend.. Somali immigrants had a 5.9 percent preterm birth rate in the state from 2000 to 2015 compared to 7.9 percent for U.S.-born, non-Hispanic white women, investigators from Nationwide Childrens Hospital report.. The finding is surprising, says Irina Buhimschi, MD, an obstetrician/gynecologist, director of the Center for Perinatal Research at The Research Institute at Nationwide Childrens and study author. But more importantly, this serves as a starting point for more targeted studies aimed at learning why the rate is different and how that can be applied to reduce prematurity in the general population.. Preterm birth is the second leading cause of infant mortality, can hinder intellectual and physical development and cause a long list of long-term problems including cerebral palsy, autism, behavioral problems, ...

Prediction of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery in Twin Pregnancies By Cervical Length at Mid-Gestation - Volume 11 Issue 5 - Katharina Klein, Hubertus Gregor, Kora Hirtenlehner-Ferber, Maria Stammler-Safar, Armin Witt, Andreas Hanslik, Peter Husslein, Elisabeth Krampl

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of preterm births among mothers who gave birth in Axum and Adwa public hospitals, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2018. This study showed that 13.3% from the total 472 mothers gave a preterm birth. Being a rural resident (AOR = 2.13, 95% CI (1.07,4.22), short inter pregnancy interval (AOR = 5.4, 95% CI (1.32, 22.05), previous preterm birth (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI (1.03, 16.34), Premature rupture of membrane (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI (1.92, 8.89), induced onset of labor (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI (1.06, 5.85) multiple pregnancy (AOR = 5.69, 95% CI (2.27, 14.28), malaria during pregnancy (AOR = 4.71, 95% CI (1.98, 11.23), Presence of chronic illness (AOR = 4.55, 95% CI (1.83, 11.26) were significantly associated with preterm birth.

Every year the March of Dimes releases grades based on the National Center for Health Statistics data to calculate preterm birth rates. Arizona received a C+ grade in the 2019 Premature Birth Report Card, an improvement from last years report when Arizona received a C grade. The report further highlights disparities across racial and ethnic groups and states that in Arizona, the preterm birth rate among black women is 40% higher than the rate among all other women. The report also grades a select number of Arizona counties and cities.. Overall, the preterm birth rate across the United States has increased for the fourth year in a row with Arizonas current preterm birth rate of 9.5%. That means many states including Arizona should continue to invest in a variety of perinatal and maternal health initiatives to reduce the rate of preterm births such as maternal and neonatal transports to higher levels of care, home visitation in at-risk communities, and initiatives that promote health and ...

Rates of preterm births in New York City increased after the 2016 U.S. presidential election, particularly among foreign-born Hispanic women, suggesting that severe sociopolitical stressors contributed to the increase, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and conducted in collaboration with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.. Comparing preterm birth rates in New York City before and after the 2016 election, the study found that overall rates increased from 7% to 7.3%. But the rate among Latina women with Mexican or Central American ancestry jumped from 7.3% to 8.4%. There was no statistically significant increase in preterm births among mothers born in the U.S., the study found.. Previous evidence has shown that stress can increase the likelihood of a woman delivering a premature baby; for example, there were increases in premature births after 9/11, as noted in an October 17, 2018 Vox article. Premature babies are more likely than ...

Liv G. Kvalvik, M.D., Ph.D., from University of Bergen in Norway, and colleagues used the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1999 to 2015) to identify 302,192 women giving birth (live or stillbirth) to a second singleton child. Conditions and outcomes of a first delivery at term were examined that might predict later preterm birth.. The researchers found that women with any of the five complications at a term first birth (preeclampsia, placental abruption, stillbirth, neonatal death, and small for gestational age) showed a substantially increased risk for preterm delivery in the next pregnancy. With none of the five complications, the risk for preterm delivery in a second pregnancy was 3.1 percent compared with 6.1 percent after preeclampsia, 7.3 percent after term placental abruption, 13.1 percent after term stillbirth, 10.0 percent after neonatal death, and 6.7 percent after small for gestational age. The corresponding unadjusted relative risks for preterm birth were 2.0, 2.3, 4.2, 3.2, and ...

An increasingly popular hormonal treatment for pregnant women with a history of preterm birth does not work, a major new international study shows.. The research looked at the practice of giving progesterone pessaries to pregnant women who have previously given birth before 37 weeks.. Earlier evidence had suggested that this treatment could delay birth, reducing the risk and severity of complications affecting babies born too early, while also improving the mothers health.. However, this latest study, a large double-blind randomised trial called PROGRESS, has disproved that notion.. The University of Aucklands Professor Caroline Crowther says the results are important.. We now have a clear answer we can believe: vaginal progesterone does not improve the babys health when given to women who have had a history of a previous preterm birth, she says.. The PROGRESS study involved a total of 789 women from 39 Australian, New Zealand, and Canadian maternity hospitals.. Half the women were ...

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According to a story on Medical Xpress, a study shows that the use of antidepressants may put women at higher risk of giving birth prematurely. But depression itself doesnt appear to be a risk factor.. The results, reported May 25 online in the journal Epidemiology, found that taking antidepressants during pregnancy significantly increased risk of what is called a late preterm birth. According to Medical Xpress, late preterm birth is defined as at least 34 weeks after gestation but before 37 weeks.. A number of previous studies have linked the use of antidepressants classified as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors by pregnant women with birth defects in their babies, including potentially dangerous heart and lung malformations.. SSRIs include Prozac and Zoloft.. The report quotes researcher Kimberly Yonkers - Yale professor of psychiatry and of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive sciences - as saying that several previous studies suggested depression itself might lead to premature ...

The study showed that the risk of premature birth, microcephaly, and hyperemesis was higher for women with ED of any type. Any form of ED increased the risk of premature delivery with the highest risk for women with anorexia nervosa (60%), followed by unspecified ED (40%) and bulimia (40%). The risk of very preterm birth was highest in bulimia, at 70%, but all three subtypes had a 70% to 90% increased risk of induced preterm birth for medical reasons rather than spontaneous preterm birth ...

Berghella V, Figueroa D, Szychowski JM, et al. 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of preterm birth in women with prior preterm birth and a short cervical length, Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010(Apr);202(4):351.e1-6 [PMID 20350641]. Gómez LM, Sammel MD, Appleby DH, et al. Evidence of a gene-environment interaction that predisposes to spontaneous preterm birth: A role for asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis and DNA variants in genes that control the inflammatory response, Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010(Apr);202(4):386.e1-6 [PMID 20350647]. Macones GA, Parry S, Nelson DB, et al. Treatment of localized periodontal disease in pregnancy does not reduce the occurrence of preterm birth: Results from the Periodontal Infections and Prematurity Study (PIPS), Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010(Feb);202(2):147.e1-8 [PMID 20113691] {if accessing on-line using the link provided, select SUMMARY PDF; if using the printed journal the citation is AJOG 2010(Feb);202(2):147-9}. Roberts JM, Myatt L, Spong CY, et al. ...

Preterm birth results from preterm labor. Preterm labor occurs when the mother already experiences regular contractions as early as 20 weeks into pregnancy. These contractions can lead to the opening of the cervix.. The earlier that premature birth occurs, the riskier it is for the baby and the higher the likelihood for birth injuries. Preterm babies, also known as preemies, need more special and dedicated care. Preemies need to stay in neonatal intensive care units for specific periods of time. Many preemies grow to be healthy children. For some worse cases, however, preemies can also suffer long term physical and mental disabilities.. Babies need the full nine months in the mothers womb to develop fully. If the baby is born too early, he may not be fully developed enough for his body to function properly. The unprepared baby may also suffer some injuries during childbirth.. ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare preterm birth rate and neonatal outcome in twin gestations randomized to either 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) or placebo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Women with twin gestations between 20-30 weeks were randomized to rec

Purpose: To examine neonatal risk and associated nursery costs for infants with delivery following untreated preterm labor at 34, 35, or 36 weeks gestation, by assessing the incidence of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and need for ventilatory assistance.. Design: Infants with preterm birth at 34, 35, or 36 weeks were identified from a database of prospectively collected clinical information and pregnancy outcomes of women receiving outpatient preterm-labor management services, in addition to routine prenatal care. Cases of singleton gestations with delivery related to spontaneous preterm labor were analyzed. Data were divided into three groups by gestational week at delivery.. Methodology: Descriptive and statistical methods were used to compare maternal demographics, pregnancy outcome, and nursery costs. A cost model was utilized.. Principal findings: 2849 infants were studied. Risk of NICU admission decreased by 47.4 percent from weeks 34 ...

Previous research investigating structural neurodevelopmental alterations in individuals who were born very preterm demonstrated a complex pattern of grey matter changes that defy straightforward summary. Here we addressed this problem by characterising volumetric brain alterations in individuals who were born very preterm from adolescence to adulthood at three hierarchically related levels - global, modular and regional. We demarcated structural components that were either particularly resilient or vulnerable to the impact of very preterm birth. We showed that individuals who were born very preterm had smaller global grey matter volume compared to controls, with subcortical and medial temporal regions being particularly affected. Conversely, frontal and lateral parieto-temporal cortices were relatively resilient to the effects of very preterm birth, possibly indicating compensatory mechanisms. Exploratory analyses supported this hypothesis by showing a stronger association of lateral ...

Harrison Norris was born at risk more than two months early. Hes spent the first two weeks of life in the neonatal intensive care unit of the University of Kansas Hospital.. The anxiety is there. He is very premature. Being here every time an alarm goes off, my heart kinda stops for a second, says his mother, Lindsay Norris.. Research of Kansas City area pregnant women finds a possible way to lower the chances of a very premature birth. Dr. Susan Carlson of KU Medical Center led the study of 350 women published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Half the women took DHA -- an omega three fatty acid found in fish oil. The others took a placebo. Fewer than one percent of the women who took DHA gave birth before 34 weeks compared to five percent of the other women which is about the national average.. Pregnancies lasted longer. The babies weighed a little more. And DHA was safe to use. Dr. Carlson thinks DHA helps by reducing inflammation in the body.. And we know that inflammation ...

Preeclampsia is a life-threatening medical condition that complicates about 5% of the pregnancies in the United States. Onset of this disease commonly occurs after 32 weeks gestation but can occur late in the second trimester, and is one of the most common causes of premature birth.

Tommys Charity helps with the heartache caused by premature birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth. Tommys fund national programmes of research, education and information with the aim of understanding and preventing these tragedies.

Usually between your 24th and 28th week of pregnancy you take a test to measure the levels of glucose (sugar) in your blood. Its part of your screening for gestational diabetes. (Your healthcare provider may have run the test during your 13th week of pregnancy, if it was determined early on that your genetic risk was high-or if youve had gestational diabetes.). The test does not hurt and is relatively simple. Your doctor will have you drink a sweetened drink called Glucola (which has 50 grams of glucose). After an hour he/she and will take a sample of your blood. The results will show if your body has been responding to glucose positively or negatively. Youll need to have to do another screening test if indicated in your first test. This second screening is called the 100-gram oral glucose tolerance test. (You are actually tested four times over three-hours.) If two out of the four test results show abnormality, you will be diagnosed with gestational diabetes. If this happens, a health and ...

Three smaller studies that explored mortality in women who delivered preterm had conflicting results. A Finnish study of 3706 women who gave birth in 1954-63 reported that preterm delivery was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.22 to 3.47) but not all cause mortality (0.96, 0.67 to 1.38) after follow-up to 1997.8 Preterm delivery was associated with modestly increased all cause mortality, however, in a Scottish study of 129 920 women who gave birth in 1981-85 with follow-up to 1999 (adjusted hazard ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 1.8),9 and in a Swedish study of 573 437 women who gave birth in 1973-80 with follow-up to 1997 (1.23, 1.14 to 1.34).10 These studies examined all preterm deliveries combined (,37 weeks) and had insufficient numbers to examine narrower pregnancy durations.. Our findings are generally consistent with previous studies that explored the birth weight of infants (which is influenced by length of ...

Estimates of preterm birth are calculated based on gestational age information reported on the birth certificate. The primary measure used to determine the gestational age of the newborn is the interval between the first day of the mothers last normal menstrual period (LMP) and the date of birth, and presented as number of weeks. It is subject to error for several reasons, including imperfect maternal recall or misidentification of the LMP because of postconception bleeding, delayed ovulation, or intervening early miscarriage. These data are edited for LMP-based gestational ages that are clearly inconsistent with the infants plurality and birthweight, but reporting problems for this item persist and may occur more frequently among some subpopulations and among births with shorter gestations.. The 1989 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Live Birth includes an item, clinical estimate of gestation and the 2003 revision of the birth certificate includes a comparable item Obstetric ...

Estimates of preterm birth are calculated based on gestational age information reported on the birth certificate. The primary measure used to determine the gestational age of the newborn is the interval between the first day of the mothers last normal menstrual period (LMP) and the date of birth, and presented as number of weeks. It is subject to error for several reasons, including imperfect maternal recall or misidentification of the LMP because of postconception bleeding, delayed ovulation, or intervening early miscarriage. These data are edited for LMP-based gestational ages that are clearly inconsistent with the infants plurality and birthweight, but reporting problems for this item persist and may occur more frequently among some subpopulations and among births with shorter gestations.. The 1989 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Live Birth includes an item, clinical estimate of gestation and the 2003 revision of the birth certificate includes a comparable item Obstetric ...

A drug that prevents preterm delivery has the potential to spare 10,000 babies from an early arrival each year.. It was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and while that gives more doctors access to the drug, the new price is actually shutting women out.. Lauren Fleming celebrated her 7th birthday last month, a day her parents worried would never come.. Lauren was born three-and-a-half months early.. She had multiple surgeries, while she was in the NICU, she spent roughly 5 months in the NICU, recalls mother Nikki Fleming.. She still has some medical problems linked to her premature birth, but is otherwise healthy and now a big sister thanks to a drug Nikkis doctor prescribed.. He informed me that should we get pregnant again we would have to have progesterone injections to prevent a subsequent premature birth, Nikki says.. Progesterone injections have been recommended for women at risk of premature delivery since 2004.. Until recently the shots were available from ...

It wont surprise die-hard Fifth Harmony fans to know that the feisty Ally Brooke came into this world screaming -- or, as her dad jokes, I came out singing. But despite her noisy arrival, she was born six weeks early at only 1 pound, 14 ounces, and her parents were scared for their baby girl and fighting every day for her survival. Now, Brooke is using her platform as one-fifth of Fifth Harmony to team up with March of Dimes and bring awareness to the issue of premature birth.

A jury recently awarded a Philadelphia family $42.9 million in a premature birth injury case. Read more on our Washington, DC medical malpractice blog.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Nrf2 activation inhibits effects of thrombin in human amnion cells and thrombin-induced preterm birth in mice. AU - Chigusa, Yoshitsugu. AU - Kishore, Annavarapu Hari. AU - Mogami, Haruta. AU - Word, Ruth Ann. PY - 2016/6/1. Y1 - 2016/6/1. N2 - Context: Nrf2 is a key transcription factor that modulates cell defense mechanisms against endogenous and exogenous stress. Previously, we reported that thrombin increased matrix metalloproteinases and prostaglandin synthesis in human amnion mesenchymal cells. Objective: We sought to determine whether activation of Nrf2 alters the effect of thrombin on prostaglandin synthesis, protease activation, and cytokine release in human amnion. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of Nrf2 activation on thrombin-induced preterm labor in mice. Design: Primary human amnion mesenchymal cells and pregnant mice were employed to investigate the effect of Nrf2 on thrombin-induced inflammation and preterm birth. Setting: This was a laboratory-based study ...

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Preterm birth is a component of a childs health history that has implications far beyond the neonatal period and the NICU. This presentation will highlight the health and educational implications of preterm birth in childhood, adolescence and into adulthood. Suggestions regarding the primary care providers role in supporting the child and family. IMPORTANT: This continuing education activity is offered at a reduced rate to NAPNAP Members. You must be logged in using your NAPNAP Username and Password to be recognized as a Member of NAPNAP. If you are a current member of NAPNAP, and you are being asked to purchase this activity at the Non-Member rate, please contact the NAPNAP National Office at (877) 662-7627 to request assistance prior to entering any payment information.. Participants are forbidden to reproduce, republish, redistribute, or resell this course in any other form. For copyright-related questions, please email your question to: [email protected] Copyright 2019 © by National ...

working under the March of Dimes Prematurity Research Grants have identified genetic markers that help predict the risk of premature birth.. Dr. Jerome F. Strauss III, dean of the Virginia Commonwealth Universitys School of Medicine, found that African American babies are three times more likely than babies of European descent to have genetic variation of the SERPINH1 gene which results to the production of less collagen, and therefore weakened fetal membranes which contributes to an increased chance of premature rupture of the membranes and premature birth.. Dr. Xiaobin Wang, from the Childrens Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on the other hand, discovered that a genetic variant of the prolylcarboxypeptidase gene is linked to incidence of preeclampsia, a condition that can develop around the 20th week of gestation, characterized by high blood pressure and high levels of protein in the urine. Preeclampsia is a risk factor for premature birth.. It is believed that identifying the factors ...

Professor Louis Muglia, from the department of paediatrics at Vanderbilt University, said: Ideally wed like to predict which women are at greatest risk for having pre-term birth and be able to prevent it. That would really have an impact on infant mortality and the long-term complications of being born prematurely ...

Some of the major prenatal, fetal and neonatal equipment available in the global market are ultrasound & ultrasonography, fetal dopplers, infant warmers & incubators, phototherapy equipment, and respiratory assistance & monitoring devices. Among these, respiratory assistance and monitoring devices are the largest sub-segment with over 40% share of the neonatal equipment market. The key factor responsible for the growth of the prenatal, fetal and neonatal equipment market is increasing incidences of premature births worldwide. Africa and Asia are the largest contributors towards the premature newborns, with Africa exhibiting highest incidence rate of premature births, which was 12% of the overall births in the region in 2005. However, the U.S. exhibits the second highest incidence rate of premature births with 10.6% of all births in the region in 2005. The premature babies often require urgent medical attention and thus, require various neonatal care equipment. Increasing age of maternal ...

Adverse outcomes considered in this study included miscarriage; stillbirth; intrauterine growth restriction; prematurity; birth-weight; small for gestational age at birth; and birth defects, including fetal alcohol syndrome and neurodevelopmental effects.

Caffeine intake does not appear to increase the risk of preterm birth. Because of conflicting studies conducted over the past few decades, drink coffee moderately.

The assessment of risk for spontaneous preterm birth and treatment with vaginal progesterone to prevent preterm birth and neonatal ...

To evaluate if mid-pregnancy immune and growth-related molecular factors predict preterm birth (PTB) with and without (±) preeclampsia. Included were 400 women with singleton deliveries in California in 2009-2010 (200 PTB and 200 term) divided into training and testing samples at a 2:1 ratio. Sixty-three markers were tested in 15-20 serum samples using multiplex technology. Linear discriminate analysis was used to create a discriminate function. Model performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Twenty-five serum biomarkers along with maternal age |34 years and poverty status identified |80% of women with PTB ± preeclampsia with best performance in women with preterm preeclampsia (AUC = 0.889, 95% confidence interval (0.822-0.959) training; 0.883 (0.804-0.963) testing). Together with maternal age and poverty status, mid-pregnancy immune and growth factors reliably identified most women who went on to have a PTB ± preeclampsia.

What is birth anyways? We are so far from birth, most of us have never seen a baby born before we birth our own baby.. What is birth about?. Birth is about creating mothers.. Birth is about bonding.. Birth is about travelling to the veil of life and death to reach through and bring your baby earthside.. Some of us experience birth as extremely painful. Some of us experience birth as ecstatic and orgasmic.. The truth is, every birth is different and the only person who will live your story is you. However, knowing what about birth will change the way you birth your baby.. Birth stories will help you move from a place of uncertainty to empowerment.. Birth stories will help you replace the drama filled images from television to real life experiences of real women.. Birth stories will help you know that you are not alone, that you can heal, that you can transform.. Birth stories will help you imagine and dream and create an experience that is one of the most profound, fulfilling and sacred moments ...

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Almost 10 percent of newborn babies in the United States are born premature according to a new report released Friday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NBC News reported.

The St. Louis Childrens Hospital NICU director, discusses premature delivery in association with multiple births as a result of assisted reproductive technologies.. ...

Some inconsistencies in confidence intervals appeared in this paper by Gordon C S Smith and colleagues (9 August, pp 313-6). In the third to last sentence of the results section of the abstract, the confidence interval for the adjusted odds ratio of 2.2 (for a short interpregnancy interval being a risk factor for extremely preterm birth) is 1.4 to 3.6 [not 1.3 to 4.6]. In the final sentence of the third paragraph of the Results section of the main article, the confidence intervals for the adjusted odds ratios given should be 1.4 to 3.6 [not 1.3 to 4.6] and 1.3 to 2.0 [1.2 to 2.2]. However, all these data were correct in table 2 in the abridged version and in table 3 in the full version (bmj.com).. ...

Women diagnosed with insomnia or sleep apnea during pregnancy have significantly increased odds of giving birth before 37 weeks gestation, according to new findings published in Obstetrics & Gynecology. “Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years old worldwide and is associated with lifelong morbidity,” Jennifer N. Felder, PhD, from the University

Preterm birth does not have a single identifiable cause, but it has been associated with a number of factors. In 2006, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published one of the most comprehensive reviews of preterm birth ever compiled. It identified prior preterm birth, incompetent cervix, multiple gestation pregnancy, infection, and smoking as some of the factors associated with preterm birth.

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Women with indexes of 18.5 and 24.9 were normal weight, those with 25 and 29.9 were overweight, those with 30 and over were defined as obese.. The probability of giving birth to an overweight woman is 25%, but its up to 60% in obese women.As the weight increases, the chance of the baby being born earlier is increased threefold.. ...