Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains cause extraintestinal diseases in birds, leading to substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Bacteria that invade cells can overcome the host humoral immune response, resulting in a higher pathogenicity potential. Invasins are members of a large family of outer membrane proteins that allow pathogen invasion into host cells by interacting with specific receptors on the cell surface. An in silico analysis of the genome of a septicemic APEC strain (SEPT362) demonstrated the presence of a putative invasin homologous to the ychO gene from E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655. In vitro and in vivo assays comparing a mutant strain carrying a null mutation of this gene, a complemented strain, and its counterpart wild-type strain showed that ychO plays a role in the pathogenicity of APEC strain SEPT362. In vitro assays demonstrated that the mutant strain exhibited significant decreases in bacterial adhesiveness and invasiveness in chicken cells and

PAN Czytelnia Czasopism, Horizontal transfer and functional evaluation of high pathogenicity islands in Avian Escherichia coli - Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Avian colibacillosis is caused by a group of pathogens designated avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Despite being known for over a century, avian colibacillosis remains one of the major endemic diseases afflicting the poultry industry worldwide. Autologous bacterins provide limited serotype-specific protection, yet multiple serogroups are associated with disease, especially O1, O2 and O78 among many others. Experimental infection models have facilitated the identification of some key APEC virulence genes and have allowed testing of vaccine candidates. Well-recognized virulence factors include Type 1 (F1) and P (Pap/Prs) fimbriae for colonization, IbeA for invasion, iron acquisition systems, TraT and Iss for serum survival, K and O antigens for anti-phagocytic activity, and a temperature-sensitive haemagglutinin of imprecise function. Intriguingly, these factors do not occur universally among APEC, suggesting the presence of multiple alternative mechanisms mediating pathogenicity. The ...

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) can cause severe disease in ducks, characterized by perihepatitis, pericarditis and airsacculitis. Although the studies of bacteria isolation and methods of detection have been reported, host immune responses to APEC infection remain unclear. In response, we systemically examined the expression of immune-related genes and bacteria distribution in APEC-infected ducks. Results demonstrated that APEC can quickly replicate in the liver, spleen and brain, with the highest bacteria content at 2 day post infection. The expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), avian β-defensins (AvBDs) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) were tested in the liver, spleen and brain of infected ducks. TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR15 showed different expression patterns, which indicated that they all responded to APEC infection. The expression of AvBD2 was upregulated in all tested tissues during the 3 days of testing, whereas the expression of AvBD4, AvBD5, AvBD7 and AvBD9 were

PAN Czytelnia Czasopism, Modulation of virulence genes by the two-component system PhoP-PhoQ in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli - Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

The poultry industry, especially chicken production has in recent times faced a major set-back due to devastating effects of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactases (ESBL) producing organisms.This research aimed at investigating the diversity of ESBL genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) among scavenging local chickens. A total of 400 cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained, out of which 192 Escherichia coli were isolated. By use of virulence factor profiling, these 192 samples were screened for the presence of 16 virulence factors by multiplex PCR. All 192 samples harbored at least one of the 16 virulence genes and 19 of them carried at least four, making them APEC. The virulence traits ibeA, iss, traT and chuA were observed to lead the chart with percentages of 84.21, 78.95, 63.16 and and 52.63respectively. In the pathogenesis of APEC, Iron acquisition, serum resistance, toxins and invasins were found to be very significant (P,0.05). The antimicrobial profiles of these APEC strains ...

Rows: Observed classifications. Columns: Predicted classifications. N = commensal strains (AFEC), S = septicemia strains, H = swollen head syndrome strains, O = omphalitis strains ...

Avian colibacillosis is caused by a group of pathogens designated avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEe). Despite being known for over a century, avian colibacillosis remains one of the majar endemic diseases affiicting the poultry industry worldwide. Autologous bacterins provide limited serotype-specific protection, yet multiple serogroups are associated with disease, especially 01, 02 and 078 among many others. Experimental infection models have facilitated the identification of some key APEC virulence gene s and have allowed testing ofvaccine candidates. Well-recognized virulence factors indude Type 1 (FI) and P (Pap/ Prs) fimbriae for colonization, IbeA for invasion, iron acquisition systems, TraT and Iss for serum survival, K and O antigens for anti-phagocytic activity, and a temperature-sensitive haemagglutinin of imprecise function. Intriguingly, these factors do not occur universally among APEC, suggesting the presence of multiple alternative mechanisms mediating pathogenicity. The ...

Chouikha,I., Germon,P., Bree,A., Gilot,P., Moulin-Schouleur,M. and Schouler,C., A selC-associated genomic island of the extraintestinal avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain BEN2908 is involved in carbohydrate uptake and virulence, J. Bacteriol. 188 (3), 977-987 (2006) PUBMED 16428402 ...

New studies show that vaccination against Escherichia coli significantly reduced antibiotic use on commercial broiler farms, particularly in birds at high risk of infection.

مقاله انگلیسی رایگان Machine vision 2021-شاخص ناآرامی برای برآورد آسایش حرارتی پرندگان طیور (Gallus gallus domesticus) با استفاده از تکنیک های بینایی ماشین-Unrest index for estimating thermal comfort of poultry birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) using computer vision techniques

Backyard Poultry Wiki is on online collaborative project which aims to provide public access to poultry knowledge. As it grows, we hope it will become a reservoir of poultry content which will assist in the promotion of keeping, breeding and promoting purebreed and other backyard poultry types. At the moment we are beginning with breed pages and poultry health, but this wiki will go in whatever direction contributors take it. To contribute to the wiki you need to be a forum member and to be added to a special forum group. You need to contact a forum moderator or administrator to be added to that group. After that you may log in here with your forum account to edit or add pages. To contact us, or any of the Backyard Poultry Team, go to Contact Backyard Poultry Administration page. ...

Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society.Journal part.Scientific article.2017 . Creators: COELHO, A. C., MOREIRA, F. A., CARDOSO, L..An outbreak of lameness occurred in a broiler breeder flock (30,000 birds into four houses) of a multi-age farm, with a total of two broiler breeder flocks (60,000 birds in total). The leg lesions began soon after facilities transfer between 22 and 24 weeks of age and persisted for the rest of the flocks life, until 64 weeks of age. Post-mortem examination at the farm revealed arthritis lesions and synovitis affecting the hock joint and the foot pads. Mycoplasma synoviae was detected in birds from the affected flock by serologic and molecular techniques. Treatments with fluoroquinolones in drinking water reduced the number of cases, but morbidity continued and affected the standard production rates.. Types: info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion. Subjects: broiler breeders, tendon rupture,

Antibiotic growth promoters that have been historically employed to control pathogens and increase the rate of animal development for human consumption are currently banned in many countries. Probiotics have been proposed as an alternative to control pathogenic bacteria. Traditional culture methods typically used to monitor probiotic effects on pathogens possess significant limitations such as a lack in sensitivity to detect fastidious and non-culturable bacteria, and are both time consuming and costly. Here, we tested next generation pyrosequencing technology as a streamline and economical method to monitor the effects of a probiotic on microbial communities in juvenile poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) after exposure to several microbiological challenges and litter conditions. Seven days and repeated again at 39 days following hatching, chicks were challenged with either Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Campylobacter jejuni, or no bacteria in the presence of, or without a probiotic (i.e.,

Read Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler chicken farms in Iran, 2014-2015, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

ADVANCES IN THE NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MALE AND FEMALE BROILER BREEDER R M GOUS SUMMARY Poultry nutritionists have based the feed requirements of broiler breeder hens on the principles designed for the feeding of commercial laying pullets because of the lack of information specific to these birds. The practice of restricting the feed intake of broiler breeders during both the rearing and the laying periods differs from the that of feeding commercial pullets, and was introduced as a necessity because of the rapid growth rate of broilers, but there is still debate about the reason for the benefit derived from this practice. The extent to which feed should be restricted; the optimum time of release from the restriction programme; the basis on which the amino acid requirements for maintenance and for egg output are calculated; and the optimum intake of energy .. at various stages of the produ.ction period, arc all as pects 0 f broiler breeder nutr itron that require further defi nitive ...

213). However, limiting on-farm use of antibiotics could significantly increase animal morbidity and mortality and compromise production efficiency and food security. Therefore, it is critical to replace antibiotics with alternatives that effectively mitigate pathogens on farm for sustainable and safe food production. Towards this end, by conducting multiple in vitro assays, we have identified two probiotics in our lab with strong antimicrobial activity against APEC. We hypothesized that probiotics can effectively prevent APEC infections in poultry, thus provide alternate strategy to control APEC and reduce the reliance on antibiotics. Furthermore, we have prepared probiotics microcapsules using chitosan-alginate microencapsulation technology; encapsulation prolongs the action of probiotics, thereby facilitate efficient delivery of the probiotics to chickens. Here, we propose to test the efficacy of identified probiotics to prevent APEC infections in poultry both in controlled laboratory ...

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Marta Pradas-Juni, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases (CECAD), Syddansk ...

Over 1,000 cases of salmonella have been reported this year in outbreaks spanning 49 states, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced Friday, and the agency believes that backyard poultry is the likely source.. A total of 1,003 cases of illness have been reported in the outbreaks so far, and 175 people have been hospitalized. Two deaths have been reported, one from Texas and one from Ohio.. New Jersey has seen 10 people infected with the outbreak strains of Salmonella.. Most of those infected reported contact with backyard poultry such as chicks or ducklings from hatcheries, agricultural stores and websites.. Six of the outbreak strains making people sick have been identified in samples collected from backyard poultry environments at peoples homes in California, Minnesota and Ohio and from poultry environments at retail stores in Michigan and Oregon.. The illnesses started on dates from January 1, 2019, to August 9, 2019. Ill people range in age from less than 1 year to 99 ...

VENTURA, Adriana et al. Histological Description of Morphogenesis of the Gastroesophageal Mucosa of Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Int. J. Morphol. [online]. 2013, vol.31, n.4, pp.1331-1339. ISSN 0717-9502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022013000400030.. The ontogenesis of the gastroesophageal mucosa involves morphological alterations related to its structure and the function of each segment. The present study describes the histogenesis of the mucus-secreting epithelium and glands of the esophagus, gizzard, and proventriculus of the chicken (Gallus gallus), and identifies alterations in the secretion pattern of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). We analyzed 38 chicken embryos, processed the material collected following the histological routine, and then stained it with hematoxylin-eosin for the analysis of tissue structure and with Gomoris trichrome for the identification of conjunctive tissue and collagen fibers. We used the PAS histochemical technique for the analysis of neutral ...

Abstract: Background and Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains causing systemic disease in poultry (avian colibacillosis) are termed avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Colibacillosis is a disease of severe economic significance to all poultry producers worldwide and is characterized by a diverse array of lesions. Escherichia coli that cause infections usually possess one or more virulence properties that may help in establishment of the infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence genes in E. coli isolated from broiler chickens. Methodology: A total number of 125 chicken samples from apparently healthy broiler chickens (25 and 15), diseased broiler chickens (25 and 15) and freshly dead ones (25 and 20) were collected in winter (from December, 2014 to February, 2015) and summer (from June, 2015 to August, 2016), respectively from Kafr El-sheikh Governorate. Results: In winter season, E. coli was recovered from 43 broiler chickens with an incidence of 57.3% and the ...

For this reason, its generally recommended that you dont start baby chicks and turkey poults together and that you house-grown turkeys and chickens separately. So you should not raise turkey poults and baby chicks together. The bleeding in most cases of vWD is mild and lessens with age. For adults and adolescents, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common causes of the disease. Lawrence River and in Alberta. Hog cholera is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus. Chronic Respiratory Disease is a peer-reviewed, open access, scholarly journal, created in response to the rising incidence of chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. Common tumors include fatty tumors, testicular tumors, kidneys, adrenal tumors and many other types. There cant be many people who do not enjoy roast chicken on a Sunday, chicken sandwiches or barbecued chicken. Nerve lesions can be an early indicator of the disease and result in a condition termed range paralysis. Free-range poultry ...

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) will hold online discussion groups to learn how to best share health information with people who own backyard poultry. The online discussion groups will take place on Zoom in June and July and last about 90 minutes. Participants will receive a $60 incentive (check or Amazon e-gift card) after the discussion groups.. If you or anyone you know owns backyard poultry and is interested in participating in one of the discussion groups, please complete this survey. If you are selected, someone from Westat will contact you regarding scheduling. Westat is a private company hired by CDC to conduct the discussion groups. Westat does not sell any consumer products and is not a part of CDC.. Questions? Contact Lauren Gollarza ([email protected]) or Erika Reed-Gross ([email protected]).. ...

Sun-dried blend of maize offal and blood (SDMBM) was analyzed and its effect on the per- formance of broiler chickens (Anak-2000 strain) evaluated. Fresh blood prevented from coagu- lation, mixed with maize offal, was sun-dried, ground, mixed again with blood and ground into a meal after drying again. The crude protein, fat, fibre, ash, ADF and gross energy contents of SDMBM were, 362.0, 45.5, 31.8, 69.3, 52.3 g/kg DM and 4.245 kcal/g, respectively. It was ade- quate in all essential amino acids for growing broiler chickens except methionine. Eighty 14- day-old commercial broiler chicks were ran- domly allocated to four dietary treatments (fed ad libitum; four replicates each) consisting the control diet (0 g SDMBM/kg diet), which con- tained fishmeal, groundnut cake and soybean meal, and three other diets (50, 100 and 150 g SDMBM/kg diet). In a feeding trial, the starter (14 to 35 d) and finisher (35 to 49 d) dietary treat- ments did not have significant impact (P | 0.05) on body weight gain,

Main Description. Examining sustainable poultry production systems across Europe, this book contains a selected cross section of papers from the 2014 UK Poultry Science Symposium. It reviews essential topics such as resources and supply chains, the global poultry market, risk management, zoonoses and green issues. Providing a compilation of the most current research in the poultry science and production industry, this book is an important resource for both researchers and professionals.. http://www.cabi.org/bookshop/book/9781780645308. ...

Indian Poultry Industry Outlook to 2017 portrays the current and future scenario of the poultry industry in the country. - India market research analysis.

Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get them in front of Issuus millions of monthly readers. Title: Poultry Production Best Management Pactices (BMPs), Author: LSU Agricultural Center , Name: Poultry Production Best Management Pactices (BMPs), Length: 32 pages, Page: 1, Published: 2011-02-04

You will find the most complete Poultry Industry technical articles, novelties, updates and everything you need to know about the latest Poultry Industry news.

Interpretive Summary: Corn is the main grain that provides energy to a baby turkey poults diet so that it can grow. However, at the present time corn is very expensive to use in animal diets. Therefore, alternative grain products are being investigated for their ability to provide energy to a growing poults diet. Rye is one such grain to be considered as a feed energy source for a baby poults diet. These experiments show that a rye-based diet is not a good feed ingredient because it causes damage to the baby poults intestine that result in poor growth by the poult. These experiments are important to poultry nutritionists because they show that rye is not a good source of energy for baby poults diets and that different grains need to be tested to see if they will help the growth of baby turkey poults. Technical Abstract: Rye contains high concentrations of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), leading to reduced digestibility. Since poultry have little or no endogenous enzymes capable of ...

The extraintestinal pathogen, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), known to cause systemic infections in chickens, is responsible for large economic losses in the poultry industry. To identify genes, involved adhesion and colonization, a lung colonization model of infection was established in 5-week old specific-pathogen free (SPF) chickens, and Signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) was applied to this model by generating and screening a total of 1,800 mutants of an APEC strain IMT5155 (O2:K1:H5; ST complex 95). This led to the identification of new genes of interest, including adhesins, genes involved in capsule and LPS formation, and genes of putative function. Among the many genes identified was one coding for a novel APEC fimbrial adhesin (Yqi) not described for its role in APEC pathogenesis. Its gene product was temporarily designated ExPEC Adhesin I (EA/I). Deletion of the ExPEC adhesin I gene resulted in reduced colonization ability by APEC strain IMT5155 both in vitro and in vivo. ...

Genetic selection for improved meat yields, digestive efficiency and growth rates have transformed the biology of broiler chickens. Modern birds undergo a 50-fold multiplication in body mass in just six weeks, from hatching to slaughter weight. However, this selection for rapid growth and improvements in broiler productivity is also widely thought to be associated with increased welfare problems as many birds suffer from leg, circulatory and respiratory diseases. To understand growth-related changes in musculoskeletal and organ morphology and respiratory skeletal development over the standard six-week rearing period, we present data from post-hatch cadaveric commercial broiler chickens aged 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The heart, lungs and intestines decreased in size for hatch to slaughter weight when considered as a proportion of body mass. Proportional liver size increased in the two weeks after hatch but decreased between 2 and 6 weeks. Breast muscle mass on the other hand displayed strong positive

Looking ahead, Rennier expects the No Antibiotics Ever category will continue to grow rapidly and probably account for 18% to 22% of the US poultry market by the end of 2016. By 2017, however, growth might be limited to another 3 to 5 percentage points.. The US poultry industry is over the hump with antibiotic-free, Rennier explained. The 2015 figures show people are in the trial mode - preparing to do what theyve done in 2016 - and its going to take them another year or two to get their learnings under the belt before they start extrapolating that to their other complexes.. Even so, by 2021, Rennier projects more broiler feed will be made without antibiotics, but its difficult to make an accurate prediction until the new VFD rules are fully adopted. At the same time, broiler feed in the Full Spectrum category should fall as the industry weans itself from feed medications. The Reduced Use and Ionophores Only categories will see some fluctuations but probably nothing dramatic.. * Renniers ...

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chickens are susceptible to infectious viral and bacterial Poultry disease. success of poultry farm depends on how you protect the birds from the diseases.

Turkey poults less than six months of age may not be imported into Wisconsin unless they originate directly from NPIP-participating hatcheries (or equivalent state status) which hatch no eggs other than turkey eggs.. Started poultry other than turkey poults may be imported if they originate from NPIP-participating hatcheries (or equivalent state status) which hatch no turkey eggs.. Hatcheries shall comply with sanitation practices prescribed by the state of origin. ...

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9788178807256, Poultry production and Management, Rajat Publications, Poultry farming is the raising of domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese for the purpose of farming meat or eggs for food.

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The global poultry diagnostics market is expected to reach USD 771.4 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 9.6%, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Disease outbreaks, technological advancements, and supportive government initiatives are the key drivers for the substantial growth of poultry diagnostic market. With the outbreak of catastrophic and erosive diseases such as Avian Influenza, Newcastle disease, and other respiratory infections, the farmers are now opting for a preventive diagnosis. These flock-infections are affecting the global trade of layers, broilers, turkeys, and water fowl. As a result, there have been continuous efforts to increase the awareness about these diseases, amongst poultry farmers.. Technological advancements in animal health are the key driver and is expected to serve as future growth opportunities. The advent of efficient animal owners mobile technology, information management systems and vaccine banks are the key advancements. The rising number ...

The global poultry diagnostics market is expected to reach USD 771.4 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 9.6%, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Disease outbreaks, technological advancements, and supportive government initiatives are the key drivers for the substantial growth of poultry diagnostic market. With the outbreak of catastrophic and erosive diseases such as Avian Influenza, Newcastle disease, and other respiratory infections, the farmers are now opting for a preventive diagnosis. These flock-infections are affecting the global trade of layers, broilers, turkeys, and water fowl. As a result, there have been continuous efforts to increase the awareness about these diseases, amongst poultry farmers.. Technological advancements in animal health are the key driver and is expected to serve as future growth opportunities. The advent of efficient animal owners mobile technology, information management systems and vaccine banks are the key advancements. The rising number ...

The global poultry diagnostics market is expected to reach USD 771.4 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 9.6%, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Disease outbreaks, technological advancements, and supportive government initiatives are the key drivers for the substantial growth of poultry diagnostic market. With the outbreak of catastrophic and erosive diseases such as Avian Influenza, Newcastle disease, and other respiratory infections, the farmers are now opting for a preventive diagnosis. These flock-infections are affecting the global trade of layers, broilers, turkeys, and water fowl. As a result, there have been continuous efforts to increase the awareness about these diseases, amongst poultry farmers.. Technological advancements in animal health are the key driver and is expected to serve as future growth opportunities. The advent of efficient animal owners mobile technology, information management systems and vaccine banks are the key advancements. The rising number ...

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A global leader in health and nutrition solutions for the animal agriculture industry, Novus International annually attends IPPE, considered the worlds largest poultry industry convention. This year, Novus representatives will be available at the companys booth, #1539 in Hall A, to discuss how products are Pushing Boundaries in the areas of gut health, meat quality and maternal feeding/epigenetics.. The world population is growing, and more people want high-quality, safe and affordable chicken. With this in mind, poultry producers are constantly evaluating their operations to find innovative or creative ways to maximize output and maintain or improve quality, said Scott Hine, Novuss vice president of productions and solutions and chief innovation officer. Our Pushing Boundaries message exemplifies how we are looking deeply into the long-term benefits of animal nutrition and partnering with our customers, their nutritionists and/or veterinarians to help meet their goals. Our products, ...

Im not sure if this is ok. It has room to get out from under the heat. Its also laying down and panting. Then it settles down. It will get up and...

A campaign to promote poultry consumption and the benefits of the poultry industry to Brazil is to continue after a successful start.

PETA is especially concerned about poultry packing plants, which have received less scrutiny than beef and pork processors though more than 90% of animals killed for food in this country are chickens. The standard method for slaughtering chickens -- at a rate of 11,000 birds an hour -- involves shackling them upside down from a conveyor belt that runs along the ceiling. Their heads are dunked in a shallow stun bath to anesthetize them. A revolving blade then slices their necks. Chicken processors defend their methods as humane, arguing that its a lot less traumatic than the old-fashioned farm-boy method of wringing the birds neck. But activists contend that many chickens are not properly stunned or sliced, and end up boiling to death in the scalding tank meant to loosen their feathers. Ive stood there on the kill floor and seen how they look at you. They try everything in their power to get away. They may not be able to read and write, but they know whats going on, said Virgil Butler, a ...

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Y.M. Saif.2008.Disease of Poultry. 12th Edition. page 167. David E. Swayne. 2013. Diseases of Poultry 13th Edition. page 196. Mark Pattison, Paul F. McMullin, Janet M. Bradbury. Dennis J. Alexander. 2008. Poultry Diseases. 6th Edition.. Paul McMullin. 2004. A pocket Guide to Poultry Health and Disease. First Edition.. Steven Leeson, John D. Summers. 2008. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. Third Edition.. Donald D. Bell, Williams D. Weaver. 2009. Commercial Chicken Meat and Egg Production. Fifth Edition.. ...

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