SHANK genes code for scaffold proteins located at the post-synaptic density of glutamatergic synapses. In neurons, SHANK2 and SHANK3 have a positive effect on

Colin Mclean. Using Probabilistic Clustering to help Identify Multiple Protein Instances in Static PPI Datasets. Functioning of synapses is governed by macromolecular complexes held together by protein-protein, protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions. In the Post-Synaptic Density (PSD) multi-protein complexes contain multiple core proteins, such as the scaffolding proteins: PSD-95, SHANK, SAPAP. Commonly used clustering techniques fail to capture the role of these important proteins, by placing each protein in only a single community. Probabilistic clustering techniques circumnavigate this problem by assigning a probability to each protein belonging to a community, allowing overlapping structure of the data. We have implemented a principled statistical approach, based on clustering edges between nodes, for finding overlapping communities in our static Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks ...

FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the Shank family of synaptic proteins that may function as molecular scaffolds in the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses. Shank proteins contain multiple domains for protein-protein interaction, including ankyrin repeats, and an SH3 domain. This particular family member contains a PDZ domain, a consensus sequence for cortactin SH3 domain-binding peptides and a sterile alpha motif. The alternative splicing demonstrated in Shank genes has been suggested as a mechanism for regulating the molecular structure of Shank and the spectrum of Shank-interacting proteins in the postsynaptic densities of the adult and developing brain. Alterations in the encoded protein may be associated with susceptibility to autism spectrum disorder. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014 ...

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Azevedo, B.M., Fernandes, C.N.V., Pinheiro, J.A., Braga, E.S., Campêlo, A.R., Viana, T.V.A., Camboim Neto, L.F. and Marinho, A.B. (2011) Efeitos de laminas de irrigao na cultura do feijo vigna de cor preta. Agropecuária Técnica, 32, No. 1.

Lillebø, A. I. ; Neto, J. M. ; Martins, I. ; Verdelhos, T. ; Leston, S. ; Cardoso, P. G. ; Ferreira, S. M. ; Marques, J. C. ; Pardal, M. A. ...

Understanding how proteins fold and bind is interesting since these processes are central to most biological activity. Protein folding and protein-protein interaction are by themselves very complex but using a good and robust system to study them could ease some of the hurdles.. In this thesis I have tried to answer some of the fundamental questions of protein folding and binding. I chose to work with PDZ domains, which are protein domains consisting of 90-100 amino acids. They are found in more than 400 human proteins and function mostly as protein-protein interaction units. These proteins are very stable, easy to express and purify and their folding reaction is reversible under most laboratory conditions.. I have characterized the interaction of PSD-95 PDZ3 domain with its putative ligand under different experimental conditions and found out that its binding kinetics is sensitive to salt and pH. I also demonstrated that the two conserved residues R318 and H372 in PDZ3 are responsible for the ...

Looking for online definition of ProSAP1 in the Medical Dictionary? ProSAP1 explanation free. What is ProSAP1? Meaning of ProSAP1 medical term. What does ProSAP1 mean?

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COOPER: On the radar tonight, Wal-Marts reversal, we told you about it at the top of the hour. The retailers backing down on efforts to get back hundreds of thousands of dollars it paid in health care costs for employee Deborah Shank after she won a settlement against the trucking company that nearly killed her. Sara in California says, Way to go all of you at AC 360 and CNN. This is a great example of using the powers of the media to give a voice to the voiceless. I am very happy for the Shank family. This is one less thing that they have on their plates now. Thanks for bringing this issue out into the open and holding Wal-Mart accountable so that something could be done ...

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Pereira R.M.R.; de Carvalho J.F.; Paula A.P.; Zerbini C.; Domiciano D.S.; Goncalves H.; Danowski J.S.; Marques Neto J.F.; Mendonca L.M.C.; Bezerra M.C.; Terreri M.T.; Imamura M.; Weingrill P.; Plapler P.G.; Radominski S.; Tourinho T.; Szejnfeld V.L.; Andrada N.C. (, 2012) ...

Pre-synaptic kainate receptors play a very significant role in this form of long-term potentiation. The mossy fibres (MF) are axons of granule cells in the dendate gyrus of the hippocampal formation that project to the CA3 region of the hippocampus. The MF-CA3 synapse is unusual in that it contains multiple sites for the release of glutamate, each of which has a corresponding post-synaptic density (see animation). During basal transmission, there is a low probability that any one of these sites will release neurotransmitter. In addition, unlike synapses in the CA1 region, there are few NMDA receptors located within the PSD. LTP in this synapse is NMDA receptor-independent and must follow a different mechanism to those found in other hippocampal synapses (eg. CA3-CA1 synapses).. LY382884, an antagonist that is selective for GluK1 containing receptors, was shown to block the induction of NMDA receptor-independent LTP in CA3 hippocampal neurons (Mossy Fibre LTP or MF-LTP; Bortolotto et al, 1999), ...

SynGAP, a protein abundant at the postsynaptic density (PSD) of glutamatergic neurons, is known to modulate synaptic strength by regulating the incorporation of AMPA receptors at the synapse. Two isoforms of SynGAP, ?1 and ?2, which differ in their C-termini, have opposing effects on synaptic strength. In the present study, antibodies specific for SynGAP-?1 and SynGAP-?2 are used to compare the distribution patterns of the two isoforms at the postsynaptic density (PSD) under basal and excitatory conditions. Western immunoblotting shows enrichment of both isoforms in PSD fractions isolated from adult rat brain. Immunogold electron microscopy of rat hippocampal neuronal cultures shows similar distribution of both isoforms at the PSD, with a high density of immunolabel within the PSD core under basal conditions. Application of NMDA promotes movement of SynGAP-?1 as well as SynGAP-?2 out of the PSD core. In isolated PSDs both isoforms of SynGAP can be phosphorylated upon activation of the endogenous ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Ultrastructure of cortical synapses after failure of presynaptic activity in ischemia,. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Characterization of the Shank family of synaptic proteins - Multiple genes, alternative splicing, and differential expression in brain and development. Lim, Sangmi; Naisbitt, Scott; Yoon, Jiyoung; Hwang, Jong-Ik; Suh, Pann-Ghill; Sheng, Morgan; Kim, Eunjoonresearcher, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, v.274, no.41, pp.29510 - 29518, 1999- ...

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mouse glycoprotein 300-associated protein: a short counterpart to human atrophin-1-interacting protein-1 and synaptic scaffolding molecule; amino acid sequence in first source; do not confuse with Gasp protein from Drosophila

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BEGAIN Full-Length MS Protein Standard (NP_065887), Labeled with [U- 13C6, 15N4]-L-Arginine and [U- 13C6, 15N2]-L-Lysine, was produced in human 293 cells (HEK293) with fully chemically defined cell culture medium to obtain incorporation efficiency at Creative-Proteomics. May sustain the structure of the postsynaptic density (PSD).

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Mota A.A.R.; Gatto C.C.; Machado G.; De Oliveira H.C.B.; Fasciotti M.; Bianchi O.; Eberlin M.N.; Neto B.A.D. (American Chemical Society, 2014) ...

Guimarães Júnior, Mário; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; Novack, Kátia Monteiro; Flauzino Neto, Wilson Pires; Mendes, Lourival Marin; Tonoli, Gustavo Henrique Denzin ...

Group leaders: Prof. Daniela Curti, Prof. Maurizia Dossena, Prof. Ornella Pastoris, Prof. Roberto F. Villa. Coworkers: Sara Arnica (research fellow), A. Buzzella (research fellow), Barbara Balestra (graduated technician), Daniela Buonocore (research fellow), Federica Ferrari (voluntary laboratory attendant)), Silvia Molino (Ph.D. student), Manuela Verri (graduated technician). (i) Role of Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) isoforms and oligomerisation in motoneuron (MN) survival and death.. S1Rs are ubiquitary proteins, particularly enriched in MNs where they sit on mitochondrial associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)membranes (MAMs) and in cisternae localized under the post-synaptic densities of cholinergic C-terminals. The physiological role of the enigmatic S1R and its oligomerisation state and the potential as therapeutic target in MN diseases will be studied in cellular and animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in lymphocytes and autoptic spinal cord samples of patients affected by ALS ...

TY - CHAP. T1 - Pathophysiology of Cortical Synapses and Circuits. AU - Schwartzkroin, Philip A. PY - 2012/3/22. Y1 - 2012/3/22. N2 - This chapter focuses on the cellular features of the epileptic brain that may be key to an understanding of mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological discharge. The major issues are reviewed in historical context to show how our views have evolved from electrophysiological analyses of epileptogenic cortical tissues. Intrinsic cellular and synaptic contributions to the abnormal activities are examined, and illustrations are drawn from studies of chronic animal models of the epilepsies.. AB - This chapter focuses on the cellular features of the epileptic brain that may be key to an understanding of mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological discharge. The major issues are reviewed in historical context to show how our views have evolved from electrophysiological analyses of epileptogenic cortical tissues. Intrinsic cellular and synaptic contributions to the ...

Alterations of glutamatergic synapses and excitatory transmission have been found in various ASD models expressing mutant or deleted Shank family proteins (Bozdagi et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2011; Schmeisser et al., 2012; Won et al., 2012). In this study, we have uncovered that Shank3 deficiency leads to the selective loss of NMDAR function and membrane trafficking through a mechanism involving the actin cytoskeleton and key regulators of actin dynamics. Understanding the mechanism through which Shank3 controls NMDARs will provide insights into the role of Shank3 in regulating NMDAR-dependent cognitive processes, which will help to identify key components that can restore NMDAR functions and mental capabilities in ASD conditions.. Actin is highly enriched in dendritic spines. Since the majority of excitatory synapses in the mammalian CNS are formed on dendritic spines, the remodeling and stability of actin is crucial to the formation and maintenance of glutamatergic synapses during development ...

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SUZUKI Tatsuo Neuroscience research : the official journal of the Japan Neuroscience Society 44(1), 1-9, 2002-09-01 医中誌Web 参考文献68件 被引用文献3件 ...

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Mice lacking Kalirin-7 (Kal7KO), a Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor, self-administer cocaine at a higher rate than wildtype mice, and show an exaggerated locomotor response to experimenter-administered cocaine. Kal7, which localizes to post-synaptic densities at glutamatergic synapses, interacts directly with the GluN2B subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA; GluN) receptor. Consistent with these observations, Kal7 plays an essential role in NMDA receptor dependent long term potentiation and depression, and glutamatergic transmission plays a key role in the response to chronic cocaine. A number of genetic studies have implicated altered Kalirin expression in schizophrenia and other disorders such as Alzheimers Disease. A comparison of the effects of experimenter-administered cocaine on mice lacking all Kalirin isoforms to its effects on mice lacking only Kalirin-7 identified Kal7 as the key isoform whose deletion produces exaggerated locomotor responses to cocaine. Pretreatment of Kal7KO mice with a low

Alzheimers disease (AD) is characterised by neuropathological deposits of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In AD, tau is abnormally phosphorylated and forms aggregates which spread trans-synaptically throughout the brain. The non-receptor-associated tyrosine kinase fyn is up-regulated in a subset of tangle-bearing neurons in AD brain and fyn also phosphorylates tau. Most tau is axonally located, where it promotes microtubule stability. Both tau and fyn are found in dendrites, where they stabilise receptor complexes at the post-synaptic density. Tau is also trafficked to the plasma membrane in a phosphorylation-dependent process that requires fyn. Tau is also present in the extracellular space, which could play an important role in the spread of tau pathology in AD. The function of tau at the membrane, and the precise role of fyn in tau trafficking are unclear, but they suggest that fyn could contribute to tau propagation. Here, the role of fyn in tau release was investigated in ...

Previous postsynaptic density (PSD) isolation methodologies have utilized either whole brain or discrete brain regions of relatively large mammals such as dogs and rats. The present report details a simple and highly effective procedure for the rapid isolation of PSDs from small amounts of adult mou …

The sst2A diffuses rapidly within the plasma membrane as demonstrated using FRAP analysis of fluorescently tagged receptors. In addition, the percentage of the mobile fraction is very high (,85%) in the three cellular compartments studied. The diffusion characteristics of the sst2A is similar from those reported for other GPCRs in extrasynaptic sites, such as the serotonin 5HT1A (Pucadyil and Chattopadhyay, 2007) and dopamine D1 (Scott et al., 2006) receptors. In spines, although the sst2A receptor has been shown to potentially interact with scaffolding proteins of the postsynaptic density Shank1 and ProSAP1/CortBP1 (Zitzer et al., 1999a,b), our results indicate that, in resting conditions, only a minor portion of sst2A receptors might be associated with cytoskeletal anchoring proteins. However, such interactions often occur when the receptor is stimulated, as previously demonstrated for the sst2A and ProSAP1/CortBP1 (Zitzer et al., 1999a) or for the β-adrenergic receptor and the PDZ ...

How does chronic activity modulation lead to global remodeling of proteins at synapses and synaptic scaling? Here we report that guanylate kinase-associated protein (GKAP; also known as SAPAP), a scaffolding molecule linking NMDA receptor-PSD-95 to S

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SORCS3 (sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 3), Authors: Dessen P. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol.

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