IF: 4.606] GENOME REPLICATION AND REGULATION OF VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Interacts with Nsp9 and Cellular DHX9 To Regulate Viral RNA ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane association of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP4 glycoprotein and its co-localization with CD163 in lipid rafts. AU - Du, Yijun. AU - Pattnaik, Asit K.. AU - Song, Cheng. AU - Yoo, Dongwan. AU - Li, Gang. PY - 2012/3/1. Y1 - 2012/3/1. N2 - The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) glycoprotein 4 (GP4) resembles a typical type I membrane protein in its structure but lacks a hydrophilic tail at the C-terminus, suggesting that GP4 may be a lipid-anchored membrane protein. Using the human decay-accelerating factor (DAF; CD55), a known glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) lipid-anchored protein, chimeric constructs were made to substitute the GPI-anchor domain of DAF with the putative lipid-anchor domain of GP4, and their membrane association and lipase cleavage were determined in cells. The DAF-GP4 fusion protein was transported to the plasma membrane and was cleaved by ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Antigenic and genetic variations of the 15 kD nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Elevated total testosterone is the most direct evidence for androgen excess, but it is important to note that most assays are relatively inaccurate at the lower levels present in females, and use of mass spectrometry-based assays of total testosterone are more accurate and preferred.9 Measurement of free testosterone is a more sensitive test, but commercially available free testosterone assays are often unreliable. The free testosterone index, calculated by total testosterone divided by SHBG, is considered more reliable but is not routinely performed due to the high cost of measuring SHBG.9 Serum LH and FSH levels should be measured at the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Ovulatory assessment such as mid-luteal progesterone measurement is sometimes required in patients seeking infertility treatment. In rare instances where there are rapidly progressive features of hyperandrogenism, virilising symptoms, or markedly elevated androgen levels (such as a serum testosterone ,5 nmol/L), ...

Harmon KM, Gauger PC, Zhang J, Piñeyro PE, Dunn DD, Chriswell AJ. 2015. Whole-genome sequences of novel porcine circovirus type 2 viruses detected in swine from Mexico and the United States. Genome Announc 3(6):e01315-15. doi:10.1128/genomeA.01315-15.. Thomas JT, Chen Q, Gauger PC, Giménez-Lirola LG, Sinha A, Harmon KM, et al. 2015. Effect of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infectious Doses on Infection Outcomes in Naïve Conventional Neonatal and Weaned Pigs. PLoS ONE 10(10): e0139266.. Sinha A, Gauger P, Zhang J, Yoon KJ, Harmon K. 2015. PCR-based retrospective evaluation of diagnostic samples for emergence of porcine deltacoronavirus in US swine. Vet Microbiol Sep 30: 179(3-4).. Pepin, B. J., Kittawornrat, A., Liu, F., Gauger, P. C., Harmon, K., Abate, S., Main, R., Garton, C., Hargrove, J., Rademacher, C., Ramirez, A. and Zimmerman, J. (2015), Comparison of Specimens for Detection of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection in Boar Studs. Transboundary and Emerging ...

Morgan, SB, Graham, SP, Salguero, J, Steinbach, F and Frossard, JP (2012) Increased pathology during infection with an atypical European porcine Arterivirus correlates with an enhanced adaptive immune response In: European Congress of Immunology, 2012-09-05 - 2012-09-08, Glasgow, SCOTLAND. Full text not available from this repository ...

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). Disease outbreaks caused by NADC30-like PRRSV strains were a bit prevalent in China in recent years. In the present study, two newly emerged PRRSV strains, which were designated as PRRSV-ZDXYL-China-2018-1 and PRRSV-ZDXYL-China-2018-2 strains were found fr ...

In this study, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) palmitate was synthesized and its anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) activity was studied. Specifically, EGCG palmitate was evaluated for its ability to inhibit PRRSV infection in MARC-145 cells when administered as pre-, post-, or co-treatment. EGCG and ribavirin were used as controls. The results showed that a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of EGCG, EGCG palmitate, and ribavirin was achieved at 2,359.71, 431.42, and 94.06 μM, respectively. All three drugs inhibited PRRSV in a dose-dependent manner regardless of the treatment protocol. EGCG palmitate exhibited higher cytotoxicity than EGCG, but lower cytotoxicity than ribavirin. EGCG palmitate anti-PRRSV activity was significantly higher than that of EGCG and ribavirin, both as pre-treatment and post-treatment. Under the former conditions and a tissue culture infectious dose of 10 and 100, the selectivity index (SI) of EGCG palmitate in the inhibition of PRRSV was 3.8 and

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive failure in pregnant sows and acute respiratory disease in young pigs. It is a leading infectious agent of swine respiratory complex, which has significant negative economic impact on the swine industry. Commercial markets currently offer both live attenuated and killed vaccines; however, increasing controversy exists about their efficacy providing complete protection. Virus-like particles (VLPs) possess many desirable features of a potent vaccine candidate and have been proven to be highly immunogenic and protective against virus infections. Here we explored the efficacy of PRRSV VLPs together with the use of a novel 2′, 3′-cGAMP VacciGrade™ adjuvant. Animals were immunized twice intranasally with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), PRRSV VLPs, or PRRSV VLPs plus 2′, 3′-cGAMP VacciGrade™ at 2 weeks apart. Animals were challenged with PRRSV-23983 at 2 weeks post the second immunization. PRRSV specific antibody

A University of Nebraska study has confirmed that weight gains and levels of viremia (infection in the bloodstream) are not linked, but together the two variables

MANHATTAN - A collaborative study involving Kansas State University researchers has discovered a new gene expression mechanism in porcine reproductive

Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Veterinary Sciences, VETERINARY SCIENCES, Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Pathogenesis, Cytokines, Macrophages, Acute phase proteins, SYNDROME VIRUS PRRSV, PULMONARY INTRAVASCULAR MACROPHAGES, SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CD163, NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA, HOST IMMUNE-RESPONSE, ACUTE-PHASE PROTEINS, DENDRITIC CELLS, IN-VITRO, PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES, ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES ...

Regarded as the most common hormonal condition affecting women polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome in which the ovaries become enlarged, and develoop fluid-filled sacs, or cysts usually 12 or more. These cysts, within the ovary, resemble a string of pearls, or a pearl necklace.. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common cause of irregular periods, is a leading cause of infertility, and is the most common reproductive syndrome in women of childbearing age. Believed to be genetic in origin, and often runs in families. The most effective way to manage this condition is to maintain a normal body mass index (BMI) between 20 25.. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Association of Australia. The Jean Hailes Foundation. Download PCOS fact sheet from the Jean Hailes Foundation website. ...

Abstract. The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) translocates antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticular and plays a critical role in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule-mediated antigenic presentation pathway. In this study, the porcine TAP1 gene was mapped to the pig chromosome 7 (SSC7) and was closely linked to the marker SSC2B02 (retention fraction=43%, LOD=15.18). Subcellular localization of TAP1 by transient transfection of PK15 cells indicated that the TAP1 protein might be located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in pig kidney epithelial cells (PK-15). Gene expression analysis by semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that TAP1 was selectively expressed in some immune and immune-related tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that this gene was up-regulated after treatments that mimic viral and bacterial infection (polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and lipopolysaccharide ...

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important pathogens, that hinder the development of global pork industry. Its nonstructural protein 11 (nsp11), with the nidoviral uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) domain, is essential for PRRSV genome replication and it also contributes to host innate immunity suppression. However, the immunogenicity and immune structure of PRRSV nsp11 have not been well investigated yet. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 3F9, that against nsp11 was generated. Subsequently, a series of partially overlapped fragments, covered the nsp1140-223aa, were expressed to test the reactivity with mAb 3F9, and the 111DCREY115 was found to be the core unit of the B-cell epitope recognized by mAb 3F9. Further investigation indicated that both genotype 1 and genotype 2 PRRSV can be recognized by mAb 3F9, due to the 111DCREY115 is conserved in both genotype virus. Meanwhile, this epitope, localized at the

A short alternative open reading frame named ORF7a has recently been discovered within the nucleocapsid gene of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genome. Proteins (7ap) translated from the ORF7a of two divergent strains - a type I and a type II - are able to completely reduce the motility of nucleic acids at relatively high molar charge ratios in gel retardation assays indicating strong dsDNA- and ssRNA-binding capability. Conserved RNA- and DNA-binding properties suggest that nucleic acid binding is a functional property of the divergent 7aps, and not an arbitrary consequence of their net positive charge. Sera from Hu7ap-immunised pigs and mice did not react with Hu7ap or Hu7ap-GFP; however, antinuclear antibodies were detected in the sera of the immunised animals, suggesting an ability of Hu7ap to interact with or mimic autoantigenic macromolecules. ...

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can cause reproductive disorder in naive dams infected in the third trimester of pregnancy.

The monitoring of infectious diseases like the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) using pen-wise oral fluid samples becomes more and more established. The collection of individual oral fluid, which would be useful in the monitoring of PRRSV negative boar studs, is rather difficult. The aim of the study was to test two methods for individual oral fluid collection from pigs and to evaluate the specificity of a commercial ELISA for detection of PRRSV antibodies in these sample matrices. For this reason, 334 serum samples from PRRSV negative pigs (group 1) and 71 serum samples from PRRSV positive pigs (group 2) were tested for PRRSV antibodies with a commercial ELISA. Individual oral fluid was collected with a cotton gauze swab from 311 pigs from group 1 and 39 pigs from group 2. Furthermore, 312 oral fluid samples from group 1 and 67 oral fluid samples from group 2 were taken with a self-drying foam swab (GenoTube). The recollected oral fluid was then analysed twice with a commercial

Aim 1. To investigate the relation of the airway microbiome to risk of childhood asthma among infants with severe bronchiolitis (MARC-35). Aim 2. To investigate the relation of longitudinal patterns of the airway microbiome (e.g., infancy, age 3y, and age 6y) to the risk of childhood asthma in the MARC-35 and MARC-43 cohorts combined. MARC-43 is a separate cohort of children enrolled as healthy infants; it is funded by UG3OD023253 and covered by a separate IRB application at sites involved. Aim 3. To identify nasal airway microRNAs that are prospectively associated with asthma at age 6 years. Aim 4. To compare asthma cases vs non-cases on downstream NFκB signaling mediators and outcomes associated with nasal airway microRNAs. Aim 5. To derive asthma endotypes at age 6 years. By integrating microRNA expression, NFκB signaling mediators and outcomes, and asthma phenotyping data from the age 6-year examination, we will determine asthma endotypes with the use of an innovative systems-based

A new pair of research grants will help a Kansas State University researcher and his laboratory work on a method of preventing one of the most devastating and costly diseases found in swine.. Raymond Bob Rowland, professor of diagnostic medicine and pathobiology in the College of Veterinary Medicine, is a leading researcher in the area of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, or PRRSV. His latest efforts focus on the CD163 protein found in swine.. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, or PRRS, has cost the U.S. pork industry billions since it first appeared in the late 1980s.. The role of CD163 is so compelling that Rowland has obtained nearly $400,000 in funding from two different organizations. The U.S. Department of Agricultures National Institute of Food and Agriculture awarded him a $331,450 grant for Preventing PRRS through modifications in the virus receptor, CD163. The National Pork Board awarded him $66,576 for Adaptation of PRRSV to genetic modifications ...

Autophagy is an essential process in eukaryotic cells in which autophagosomes form to deliver cellular organelles and long-lived proteins to lysosomes for degradation. Many studies have recently identified the regulatory mechanisms involved in the interaction between viral infection and autophagy. LC3 turnover and the proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway were investigated using western blot analysis. The formation and degradation of autophagosomes were detected using immunofluorescence staining. Autophagy was activated by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) NSP3, NSP5 and NSP9, which are two transmembrane proteins and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, respectively. The formation of autophagosomes was induced by NSP3 and NSP5 and developed from the ER; the fusion of these autophagosomes with lysosomes was limited. Although NSP3 and NSP5 are ER transmembrane proteins, these proteins did not activate the ER stress signaling pathways. In addition, the cytoplasmic

The objective of this paper is to propose a delayed susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) model for the transmission of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) among a swine population, including the latent period delay of the virus and the time delay due to the period the infectious swines need to recover. By taking different combinations of the two delays as the bifurcation parameter, local stability of the disease-present equilibrium and the existence of Hopf bifurcation are analyzed. Sufficient conditions for global stability of the disease-present equilibrium are derived by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function. Directly afterwards, properties of the Hopf bifurcation such as direction and stability are studied with the aid of the normal form theory and center manifold theorem. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to justify the validity of the derived theoretical results.

The IDEXX PRRS Oral Fluids Ab Test is an (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus

US - Taking a cue from what is known about improving human health through the use of soy and other bioactives, new research at the University of Illinois has found that increasing concentrations of soybean meal (SBM) in the diets of weanling pigs, above industry standards, may be beneficial for pigs that are infected with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).

Rapid development of antibody-based therapeutics are crucial to the agenda of innovative manufacturing of macromolecular therapies to combat emergent diseases. Although highly specific, antibody therapies are costly to produce. Molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs) constitute a rapidly-evolving class of antigen-recognition materials that act as synthetic antibodies. We report here on the virus neutralizing capacity of hydrogel-based MIPs. We produced MIPs using porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-1), as a model mammalian virus. Assays were performed to evaluate the specificity of virus neutralization, the effect of incubation time and MIP concentration. Polyacrylamide and N-hydroxymethylacrylamide based MIPs produced a highly significant reduction in infectious viral titer recovered after treatment, reducing it to the limit of detection of the assay. MIP specificity was tested by comparing their neutralizing effects on PRRSV-1 to the effects on the unrelated bovine viral ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic analysis of reproductive traits and antibody response in a PRRS outbreak herd. AU - Serão, N. V. L.. AU - Matika, Oswald. AU - Kemp, R.A AU - Harding, J. C. S. AU - Bishop, Stephen. AU - Plastow, G. S. AU - Dekkers , J. C. M.. PY - 2014/7. Y1 - 2014/7. N2 - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most economically significant disease impacting pig production in North America, Europe, and Asia, causing reproductive losses such as increased rates stillbirth and mummified piglets. The objective of this study was to explore the genetic basis of host response to the PRRS virus (PRRSV) in a commercial multiplier sow herd before and after a PRRS outbreak, using antibody response and reproductive traits. Reproductive data comprising number born alive (NBA), number alive at 24h (NA24), number stillborn (NSB), number born mummified (NBM), proportion born dead (PBD), number born dead (NBD), number weaned (NW), and number mortalities through weaning (MW) of 5,227 ...

Design and procedure: Ten swine herds were selected based on the inability to control postweaning PRRS problems using nursery depopulation or piglet vaccination. No vaccines had been used in breeding animals. The existence of subpopulations at a point in time and over time was assessed. Cross-sectional serologic profiles of randomly selected sows were collected and samples were analyzed for IgM and IgG indirect-fluorescent antibodies (IFA), and serum neutralization (SN) antibodies at a point in time. Based on the results, sows were classified into one of two subpopulations: not infected (negative on all three tests) or acutely infected (IgM or IgG positive at ,;1:64 and SN negative). The ability of subpopulations to persist over time was also assessed. In conjunction with the previously described subpopulations, another subpopulation, antibody decay, was assessed. This classification was based on evidence of a previous infection, with subsequent antibody decay over time. Two herds from the ...

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Downloadable! Unlike European-type derivative securities, there are no simple analytic valuation formulas for American options, even when the underlying asset price has constant volatility. The early exercise feature considerably complicates the valuation of American contracts. The strategy taken in this paper is to rely on nonparametric statistical methods using market data to estimate the call prices and the exercise boundaries. The paper focuses on the daily market option prices and exercise data on the S&P100 contract. A comparison is made with parametric constant volatility model-based prices and exercise boundaries. We find large discrepancies between the parametric and nonparametric call prices and exercise boundaries. Contrairement à ce quil est possible dobtenir dans un contexte dévaluation de titres dérivés de type européen, il nexiste pas de formule analytique simple pour évaluer les options américaines, même si la volatilité de lactif sous-jacent est supposée constante. La

Erik,. [I rather think 8D has rather clicked on to what you really believe!]. You write The first humans to arrive in the Americas clustered with Europeans whereas the later ones clustered with Asians. In other words, some of the early populations in East Asia and the Americas that you are referring to were roughly speaking European-type people who were replaced by other populations with more ancestral features.. This of course accords with your basic tenet that Caucasians are the most attractive because they are the least ancestral and most evolved. As Ive pointed out before, whether this is true or not (and there are many reasons to suggest that it is, at very best, misleading) more evolved does not mean better, and would not necessarily mean more attractive - that is unless you believe that there is some mysterious evolutionary force impelling a species towards a more perfect phenotype. But there we are outside the realm of science and into metaphysics.. But on the simple point as to ...

Methods to collect samples and analysis is most important to detect viruses. The sampling of oral fluids through cotton rope, where animals chew on the material and deposit oral fluid, represents an easy method to collect samples in pig pen. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the detection of PRRSv and SIV with different sampling approaches through individual blood, nasal swab and oral fluid. The study was carried out in farrow to growing herd in North Italy with endemic PRRSv and H1N1 infection in the post-weaning site. Pigs were sampled in a longitudinal study of 5 groups of 15 pigs from 25 to 85 days of age. Three sampling were included in the protocol: 25 days of life when/during? weaning (T1), at 55 days (T2) and at 85 days of life (T3). Samples were tested by RT-PCR.. The analyses of PRRSv showed that the infection was detected earlier in blood samples compared to nasal swabs and oral fluid with a great variability among the three sampling times. The overall prevalence in ...

Yes, it is possible if you wean that early but you have (i) to close the herd and (ii) test the weaned piglets for PRRSV.. And regarding the second question, the change to inactivated vaccines might be of interest and successful in farms where clinical signs (e.g. abortion) are not really attributed to PRRSV rather than to other pathogens.. The live vaccine is able to elicit a good immune response but is in comparison to the inactivated vaccine also associated with a more pronounced stress to the immune system which might in some clinical settings with a load of co-infections not always be helpful.. In farms with clinical problems not directly caused by PRRSV the inactivated PRRSV vaccine might be worth to use.. You can ask your own question! Visit Pig333.com and submit your question to our experts.. ...

PMID 23543049] Replication study for the association of 3 SNP loci identified in a genome-wide association study for diabetic nephropathy in European type 1 diabetes with diabetic nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. ...

Learn about Ingelvac ERY-ALC for animal usage including: active ingredients, directions for use, precautions, and storage information.

During the past decade, PRRS (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome) has been a major cause of abortions and reproductive disruptions. In the last year, there have been reports of abortion caused by PRRS. Recent episodes in Minnesota have produced deaths of 50% in nursing pigs, 30% in nursery pigs and up to 15% of sows, similar to what occurred several years ago in Iowa. Its easy to blame

Understanding the threat that pig farming operations face from the virulent PRRS virus and pathogens that can have a significant impact on your herd, production levels, and operating costs.

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Epidemiology & pathogenesis of the PRRS virus. Information of animal diseases by HIPRA. The Reference in Prevention for Animal Health, vaccines, veterinary.

Lena Dunham, the writer, director and star of HBOs new series Girls took some time to talk with Heeb about her career, boobs and the word the. And she brought along Judd Apatow, the shows executive producer, to share his own feelings on such matters ...

Not exactly a surprise, but Girls executive producer Judd Apatow reports that Lena Dunham s Emmy-winning comedy already has the go-ahead to shoot a third season, and well ahead of the shows second-season premiere.

Cells, Cell, Cancer, Gene, Virus, Human, Role, Association, Patients, Treatment, Proteins, Infection, Genes, Genome, Prrsv, Syndrome, Production, Time, Disease, Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome

Hey girls, were all the same, arent we? At least, thats what theyâ?Td like us to think. We are living through an unprecedented time of narrative richness, when people from an enormous range of backgrounds, including women and people of colour, are finally beginning to share stories about their lives across boundaries of class and distance in numbers too big to ignore. But you

Interesting that my response to this went missing after this comment was decided to be made into an article of its own. Ive had this happen before, so instead of having my time wasted due in a response that effectively disappears intentionally or otherwise, I now save everything I post considered by myself to be to long to recall from memory just in case.. - It DOES matter and it matters most to the 100s of branded and mind-bended, emotionally and physically scarred DOS victims she wittingly or unwittingly helped recruit through her role in GBD.. There are so many things wrong with the previous statement. First of all, how would you know? Are you the appointed spokesperson for these allegedly hundreds of branded and mind-bended victims who have stated they were scarred? Second of all, in order for the first question to even be answered, the notion that they even exist and were victimized has to be evidenced first. Where is the list of names of not just ten or twenty of these girls, but the ...

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Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is the primary cause of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, in which it stimulates a strong IL-8 response that is associated with chronic inflammation as well as lesions in the lymphoid organs. However, the mechanism underlying PCV2-induced IL-8 production is still unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that increased IL-8 expression during PCV2 infection depends on Toll-like receptor (TLR2), but not TLR4 or TLR9 signalling pathways in porcine alveolar macrophages. Moreover, we found that impairment of the MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway by MyD88 knockdown or NF-κB inhibitors markedly decreased PCV2-induced IL-8 secretion. These results suggest that PCV2 induces IL-8 secretion via the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the PCV2-induced inflammatory response.

To the Editor: Since April 2006, a highly pathogenic disease caused by unknown agents and characterized by high fever and a high proportion of deaths in pigs of all ages, emerged in some swine farms in Jiangxi Province, Peoples Republic of China. The morbidity rate was 50%-100% and mortality rate was 20%-100%. In the next several months, the disease spread rapidly to most provinces of China. In almost all affected swine herds, the following clinical signs were observed: high and continuous fever, anorexia, red discolorations in the bodies, and blue ears; in the late phase of the disease, diarrhea and other clinical signs might be seen due to the secondary infections. Clinical samples (from lungs, kidneys, liver, and lymph nodes) were collected from animals in different provinces and sent for laboratory diagnosis. DNA and RNA were extracted from the tissue homogenate and PCR or reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was conducted to detect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), ...

Monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMØ) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) are two model systems well established in human and rodent systems that can be used to study the interaction of pathogens with host cells. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is known to infect myeloid cells, such as macrophages (MØ) and dendritic cells (DC). Therefore, this study aimed to establish systems for the differentiation and characterization of MoMØ and MoDC for subsequent infection with PRRSV-1. M-CSF differentiated monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMØ) were stimulated with activators for classical (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. GM-CSF and IL-4 generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) were activated with the well established maturation cocktail containing PAMPs and cytokines. In addition, MoMØ and MoDC were treated with dexamethasone and IL-10, which are known immuno-suppressive reagents. Cells were characterized by morphology, phenotype and function and porcine MØ

RUIZ, A et al. Excretion and transmission study of the Chilean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate by means of RT-nPCR and ELISA in experimentally inoculated animals and sentinels in contact. Arch. med. vet. [online]. 2009, vol.41, n.3, pp.221-228. ISSN 0301-732X. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0301-732X2009000300006.. The excretion and transmission of PRRSV was studied through RT-nPCR in nasal secretion and serum samples, together with detection of antibodies by ELISA. Thirty pigs, of 3 weeks age, were used and they were randomly assigned into 6 groups. One group of pigs (G1) was inoculated intranasally with 2 ml and intramuscularly with 1 ml with the 2402 isolate in a concentration of 105.7 TCID50 per ml, and they were kept for 35 days in an isolation unit. Four groups (G2, G3, G4, G5) were used as susceptible and they were in contact with the inoculated pigs (G1). Group 1 showed that the Chilean PRRSV isolated induces a condition of viremia beginning at 3 days post ...

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus causes PRRS which is one of the most economically significant diseases in the swine industry worldwide. PRRSV has the ability to suppress the type I interferon induction ...

The parental porcine monomyeloid cell line, 3D4, was established in December of 1998 following transfection of primary porcine alveolar macrophage cultures with the pSV3neo plasmid. Single cell cloning and selection in G-418 of the 3D4 parental cell line resulted in establishment of 3D4/2 (ATCC CRL-2845), 3D4/21 (ATCC CRL-2843) and 3D4/31 (ATCC CRL-2844).

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Using a genomics-based approach, Ganem and DeRisi have employed a DNA microarray that bears the telltale gene fragments of all known viruses of humans, animals, plants, and microbes on a microscopic slide. If a sample from a suspected viral genome has a chunk of genetic material that matches one on the slide, it will adhere to that spot and light up when the slide is put into a scanner. While the method is more likely to identify viral genomes related to known viruses, Ganem thinks it also will be useful for detecting novel viruses.. The team has already used this approach to identify the genome of the newly discovered SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) virus. They are now using the same technology to search for viruses that are more likely to cause severe upper respiratory infection in patients with asthma. Ultimately, Ganem hopes to determine whether viruses may be responsible for certain cancers and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, for which a ...

Now that confirmed cases have entered the U.S., a plethora of unknown variables confronts us. Since Ebola is a virus, it could mutate and spread across America like the virus that causes HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) or the deadly SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) virus. Even scarier, Reuters revealed on August 1 that in Africa, 100-plus doctors and nurses, some protected by hazardous material suits, still managed to contract Ebola. More than half of them have died already.. As it is now, hospitals across this country are unable to cope with the growing incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. On August 5, Dr. Forrest Arnold, an epidemiologist at the University of Louisville Hospital, warned that these deadly superbugs hold the potential to wipe out the sick and the elderly.. Amidst all this madness, which undoubtedly has proliferated due to rampant globalization, President Barack Obama refused to cancel a swanky summit of African ...

In early August 1999, 10 piglets were submitted for diagnostic evaluation. Testing by PRRSV PCR yielded 3 of 3 positive sera pools and 2 of 3 positive tissue pools. Virus was isolated from five of the 11 pigs. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) results were consistent with a field strain of PRRS virus.. The clinical episode in the breeding herd continued through September. Late in September, approximately 8 to 10 weeks after the onset of the clinical outbreak, all of the females in the breeding herd were vaccinated with a commercially available modified live virus (MLV) PRRS vaccine. Clinical signs in the breeding herd subsided by the end of October 1999.. The breeding herd was vaccinated a second time in November. No new animals were introduced into the herd from June until mid-November. Gilts introduced to the herd starting in mid-November were vaccinated twice, 30 days apart, with the MLV PRRS vaccine.. Gilts known to be actively seroconverting to the PRRS virus were introduced ...

Le syndrome reproducteur et respiratoire porcin (SRRP) est une des maladies les plus dévastatrices économiquement pour lindustrie mondiale du porc. Lagent étiologique du SRRP est le virus du SRRP (VSRRP) lequel est connu pour avoir une spécificité dhôte très restreinte et pour sa transmission par voie aerosol. Les antigènes et les ARN du VSRRP ont été trouvés dans des cellules épithéliales du tractus respiratoire de porcs infectés par le virus. Linteraction entre les macrophages alvéolaires porcins (PAMs) et le VSRRP a été démontrée comme jouant un rôle important dans linfection causée par le virus. Malgré cela, linteraction prenant place entre les cellules épithéliales du tractus respiratoire porcin et le virus ne devrait pas être négligée. Jusquà présent, la réplication du VSRRP in vitro dans des cellules épithéliales du tractus respiratoire porcin na pas été conduite avec succès et les tentatives pour le faire ont échoué. Une nouvelle lignée de ...

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Form-A-Feeds blog offers pertinent industry information, company updates, and other news. Read this article about VFD in the swine industry.

Lena Dunham took to her Instagram with a selfie shot of her decked out in a sports bra...but the message she was giving wasnt about workout wear. Even though Lenas been working out regularly with Tracy Anderson (the trainer has also worked out with much of the Girls cast), she she had a bigger reason to tout the benefits of working out: Promised myself I would not let exercise be the first thing to go by the wayside when I got busy with Girls Season 5 and here is why: it has helped with my anxiety in ways I never dreamed possible. To those struggling with anxiety, OCD, depression: I know its mad annoying when people tell you to exercise, and it took me about 16 medicated years to listen. Im glad I did. It aint about the ass, its about the brain. Thank you @tracyandersonmethod for showing me the light (and @bandierfit is where I bought my Florida mom inspired workout look.) #notsponsored #stillmedicated A photo posted by Lena Dunham (@lenadunham) on Apr 11, 2015 at 4:47pm PDT So what do you think

Los aislamientos de PPRSV se agrupan en dos genotipos genéticamente dife-rentes: PRRSV de tipo europeo (tipo 1) y de tipo norteamericano (tipo 2) (Ka-ppes y Faaberg, 2015). Varios estudios de campo realizados en España, los Estados Unidos, Países Bajos, Canadá e Italia confirmaron la interacción de PRRSV y PCV2 (Grau-Roma y Segalés, 2007; Dorr et al., 2007; Drolet et al., 2003; Morandi et al.; 2010) (figura 2). Varios estudios experimentales pusie-ron de relieve la importancia del PRRV en las PCVD. La regulación positiva de la infección por PCV2 por la infección concurrente con PRRSV ha quedado de-mostrada al utilizar modelos de cerdos privados de calostro (CD), derivados de cesárea y privados de calostro (CDCD) y convencionales. Se ha demostrado que el PRRSV mejora la replicación de PCV2, ya que hay niveles más altos de antígeno de PCV2 en tejidos y suero, así como un aumento de la gravedad de la enferme-dad y de su lesiones clínicas, y de la in-cidencia de las PCVD (Wellenberg ...

Lena Dunham is an American actress and author best known for playing Hannah Horvath in the HBO comedy series, Girls. Dunham won two Golden Globe Awards and

Lena Dunham won big at the Golden Globe Awards last night for Best Actress in a Comedy Series, and Best TV Comedy or Musical. In her acceptance speech she said,

Arbete och människovärde: Recension av Lena Erikssons avhandling - Arbete till varje pris. Arbetslinjen i 1920-talets arbetslöshetspolitik. Acta Universitatis Stockholmniensis, Stockholm Studies in History, nr 75, Stockholm 2004. ...

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Is ionad eolaíochta sláinte acadúil é Ionad Sláinte Duán Choláiste na Tríonóide atá comhdhéanta den roinn acadúil Neifreolaíochta i gColáiste na Tríonóide agus de na haonaid neifreolaíochta cliniciúla in Ospidéal San Séamas agus in Ospidéal Thamhlachta. Tá an t-aonad acadúil dírithe ar an nGrúpa Athlasta Duánach atá bunaithe san Institiúid do Leigheas Móilíneach i TCD agus ar bhithbhanc agus clárlann Shoithíochaíteas agus Ghalar Duánach Neamhchoitianta. Tá dlúthcheangal ag an tsaoráid eolaíochta bunúsaí seo leis na haonaid chliniciúla, a chuireann raon leathan seirbhísí cliniciúla ar fáil dothair a bhfuil galar duánach orthu, lena n-áirítear haema-scagdhealú san aonad, teiripí scagdhealaithe baile (lena n-áirítear scagdhealú peireatóinéim), gníomh leantach ar thrasphlandú duánach, géar-ghortú duánach a bhainistiú (lena n-áirítear malartú plasma) agus seirbhísí duánacha dothair sheachtracha. Is é Ionad Sláinte Duán ...

Diagnostic monitoring DNA Sequencing. PRRS Control. Practical information about PRRS, swine flu. Swine vaccine and vaccination against virus. Pig disease.

Felirat Basic - felirat magyar. Kiképzõtábor DVDRip-WHoRe, Jó szórakozást! Hegedűs Henrik fordítása időzítve. 1CD (hun). Feltöltve 2007-05-30, letöltések száma 1386x.

Facilitating workshops for new concepts and design solutions for Rockwool, ID Lelystad, Ministry of Transport and other companies ...

Hi, I am Lena. I am interested in energy markets, clean technologies, green products, sustainability, travel and natural skincare.

 Laila Ali, Mike Tyson is the debut single from the newest rap duo made up of G. Huff & Lena Jackson. The record also gets a visual treatment as the

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Tri-ne Skei Gran-de holdt en god lands-møte-tale i so-lid Ven-st-re-ånd. Men hun har selv sør-get for at fo-ku-set i ste-det blir på det hun ikke snak-ket om: for-hol-det til and-re par-ti-er.