polybrominated biphenyl or PBB, any of a group of organic compounds used as a fire retardant. In 1973 several thousand pounds of PBB were accidentally mixed with livestock feed that was later distributed to farms in W central Michigan.

Global and Chinese Polybrominated biphenyls Industry, 2016 Market Research Report The Global and Chinese Polybrominated biphenyls Industry, 2011-2021 Market Research Report is a professional and - Market research report and industry analysis - 10374292

Looking for tetrabromobisphenol A? Find out information about tetrabromobisphenol A. 2C 2 An off-white powder with a melting point of 180-184°C; soluble in methanol and ether; used as a flame retardant for plastics, paper, and textiles.... Explanation of tetrabromobisphenol A

Crude tetrabromobisphenol S compositions can be purified by extracting impurities therefrom with a quantity of organic solvent which is insufficient to substantially dissolve the tetrabromobisphenol S, followed by the removal of the tetrabromobisphenol compound from the solvent.

INCIDENCE RATES OF NONNEOPLASTIC LESIONS BY ANATOMIC SITE (a) FIREMASTER FF-1 POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYL NTP Experiment-Test: 05077-01 Report: PEIRPT03 Study Type: CHRONIC Date: 09/10/94 Route: DOSED FEED Time: 05:22:30 Facility: Battelle Columbus Laboratory Chemical CAS #: 67774327 Lock Date: None Cage Range: All Reasons For Removal: All Removal Date Range: All Treatment Groups: Include All a Number of animals examined microscopically at site and number of animals with lesion Page 1 NTP Experiment-Test: 05077-01 INCIDENCE RATES OF NONNEOPLASTIC LESIONS BY ANATOMIC SITE (a) Report: PEIRPT03 Study Type: CHRONIC FIREMASTER FF-1 POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYL Date: 09/10/94 Route: DOSED FEED Time: 05:22:30 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ FISCHER 344 RATS FEMALE 0 PPM 0 PPM 3 PPM 10 PPM 10 PPM 10 PPM 0-0 10-0 1-1 0-3 3-3 10-3 ...

Ades AE, Caldwell DM, Reken S, Welton NJ, Sutton AJ, Dias S. 2012. NICE DSU technical support document 7: Evidence synthesis of treatment efficacy in decision making: a reviewers checklist. The Decision Support Unit. London UK:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, PMID: 27905719. Adgent MA, Hoffman K, Goldman BD, Sjödin A, Daniels JL. 2014. Brominated flame retardants in breast milk and behavioural and cognitive development at 36 months. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 28:48-57, PMID: 24313667, 10.1111/ppe.12078.. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2004. Toxicological profile for polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp68.pdf [accessed 20 March 2017].. Bagwell CL, Molina BSG, Pelham WE Jr. , Hoza B. 2001. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and problems in peer relations: predictions from childhood to adolescence. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40(11):1285-1292, ...

All products from UIC are in compliance with the RoHS 2.0 directive requirements. RoHS is the initials for the Restriction of Hazardous Substances and bans the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in July.1, 2006. This directive bans the placing on the EU market of furniture, information and communication, and consumer electronics products in electrical and electronic equipment. EU had amended the RoHS directive from RoHS 1.0 (2002/95/EC) to RoHS 2.0 (Directive 2011/65/EU), and the new RoHS 2.0 adds four chemical compositions, expands its banning industries, and uses CE label. The effective date of RoHS 2.0 was Jan. 1, 2013, at which time RoHS 1.0 was abolished. ...

Besides all the toxic compounds of arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, beryllium, and copper that reside in your cell phone, there are also polybrominated biphenyls used as flame retardants on everything from wires to the plastic covers. We have a nice toxic brew in our hands and pockets all day - incinerate it, or let it become landfill leachate, and we release a cacophony of carcinogenic compounds into the environment. The price for innovation is paid at both ends - one miner death per week occurred in 2011 in the tin mines of Indonesia, extracting the ore for our gadgets (deaths which do not include long-term health effects of such mining). Apples iPhone 5 generated 62,000 pounds of plastic waste in the first weekend alone as it changed, ironically, to a smaller SIM card. It would be interesting to assess what goes into and out of the life of one phone, to understand the social and environmental footprint... ...

A rapid throughput approach identifies cognitive deficits in adult zebrafish from developmental exposure to polybrominated flame retardants.

A cross section of the population of Michigan was studied in 1978 to evaluate residual burdens of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), a flame-retardant chemical that had contaminated the states food supply five years earlier. Levels of PBB were measured in serum specimens in 1,681 people and in adipos …

The first thing you notice about the New YEG series is that there is so little noise. YANMARs own CAE techniques have gauged the stiffness of materials just right and damped radiant noise. Those methods have also produced the perfect muffler volumes and optimum use of sound isolation materials. It all adds up to extra-low noise that is ideal for use in urban and residential areas. The all-round people-friendliness is obvious in the exhaust data, too, thanks to the YANMAR TNV engines.. The New YEG150 and YEG200 satisfy EPA Tier 2. They feature even better flow mixing in the main chamber and the special mouth around the injector, plus efficient use of incoming air for cleaner burning and low emissions. The New YEG300 / 400 / 500 give the air and fuel charging more fluid energy. The swirl continues during combustion for even better mixing and lower emissions. The New YEG series is kind to the environment. Beside low noise and emissions, it contains no asbestos, mercury, polybrominated biphenyl, ...

People were exposed to PBBs for several months when they ate meat, milk, and eggs from the contaminated animals. After news of the contamination episode became widespread, many Michigan residents complained of various health problems, including nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, joint pain, fatigue, and weakness. However, it could not be clearly established that any of the problems were caused by eating the food contaminated with PBBs. PBBs also did not cause any definite changes in the livers or immune systems of the Michigan residents. However, some people who ate the contaminated food developed skin disorders, such as acne and hair loss. It is likely that PBBs caused the skin problems because other chemicals similar to PBBs also cause these effects. Workers who were exposed to PBBs for a few days to months by breathing and skin contact also developed acne, although not all persons exposed to PBBs developed acne. Very little is known about the health of people who are exposed to low ...

Publikations-Datenbank der Fraunhofer Wissenschaftler und Institute: Aufsätze, Studien, Forschungsberichte, Konferenzbeiträge, Tagungsbände, Patente und Gebrauchsmuster

Plasmid pBbS6k-RFP from Dr. Jay Keaslings lab contains the insert RFP and is published in J Biol Eng. 2011 Sep 20;5:12. This plasmid is available through Addgene.

Plasmid pBbS7c-RFP from Dr. Jay Keaslings lab contains the insert RFP and is published in J Biol Eng. 2011 Sep 20;5:12. This plasmid is available through Addgene.

From twelve housemates now down to the Big 4 finalists bagging for the title as PBB Teens Plus BIG WINNER. Who will get the title ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Birth delivery mode modifies the associations between prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and neonatal thyroid hormone levels. AU - Herbstman, Julie B.. AU - Sjödin, Andreas. AU - Apelberg, Benjamin J.. AU - Witter, Frank R.. AU - Haiden, Rolf U.. AU - Patterson, Donald George Jr. AU - Panny, Susan R.. AU - Needham, Larry L.. AU - Goldman, Lynn R.. PY - 2008/12/1. Y1 - 2008/12/1. N2 - Background: Developing infants may be especially sensitive to hormone disruption from chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Objective: We investigated relationships between cord serum levels of PCBs and PBDEs and thyroid hormones measured in cord blood serum and neonatal blood spots. Methods: We measured PCBs and PBDEs, thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and free T4 (FT4) in cord blood serum from 297 infants who were delivered at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in 2004-2005. We abstracted results of ...

Molecular toxicology of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: nuclear hormone receptor mediated pathways.: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used in large qu

We recently reported that air cell administration of penta-brominated diphenyl ether (penta-BDE; DE-71) evokes biochemical and immunologic effects in chicken (Gallus gallus) embryos at very low doses, and impairs pipping (i.e., stage immediately prior to hatching) and hatching success at 1.8 µg g-1 egg (actual dose absorbed) in American kestrels (Falco sparverius). In the present study, absorption of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners was measured following air cell administration of a penta-BDE mixture (11.1 lg DE-71 g-1 egg) or an octa-brominated diphenyl ether mixture (octa BDE; DE-79; 15.4 lg DE-79 g-1 egg). Uptake of PBDE congeners was measured at 24 h post-injection, midway through incubation, and at pipping in chicken, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), and American kestrel egg contents, and at the end of incubation in black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) egg contents. Absorption of penta-BDE and octa-BDE from the air cell into egg contents occurred throughout incubation; at

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants that are widely used in plastics, rubbers, textiles, furniture and electronic devices. Worrisome levels of PBDEs have been detected in fatty food, household dust, human blood and breast milk due to their lipophilic and bio-accumulative features. Animal studies, with limited supporting human epidemiology data, have found associations between PBDE exposure and multiple detrimental effects including neurotoxicity, thyroid hormone disorders, and hepatotoxicity such as oxidative stress and cancer. In liver, which is the major organ for xenobiotic biotransformation and nutrient homeostasis, certain PBDE congeners are oxidized by cytochrome P450s (Cyps) to form more toxic metabolites. The gut microbiome has been increasingly recognized as a novel frontier for xenobiotic metabolism, and previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that lack of a gut microbiome profoundly altered the expression of xenobiotic-processing genes (XPGs) in the ...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are a class of flame-retardant chemicals that leach into the environment and enter the human body. PBDE have been shown to suppress activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a key enzyme in fatty acid esterification via hepatic glyceroneogenesis. The objective of this investigation was to assess hepatic glyceroneogenesis and lipid metabolism in PBDE-treated rats. Male, weanling Wistar rats were gavaged daily for 28 d with 14 mg/kg body weight of either DE-71, a commercial PBDE mixture (treated), or corn oil (control). After a 48-h fast, rats were euthanized, blood was obtained, and livers were excised. Suppression of hepatic PEPCK activity by 40% was noted. Serum ketone bodies were elevated by 27% in treated rats compared to controls, while hepatic glyceroneogenesis as measured by 14C-pyruvate incorporation into triglycerides was 41% lower in explants from treated rats compared to controls. Liver lipid content was 29% lower in treated animals compared

The levels of 21 PBDE congeners were determined in the dust sampled from 66 personal automobiles. The dominant congener in automobile dust was BDE-209 with a median level of 8.12mugg(-1). Personal vehicle dust samples contained the characteristic profile of the PBDE congeners that comprise the Penta.... Full description. ...

We utilized milk samples obtained from a survey of 219 primiparous mothers in 2009 to test for the presence of new persistent organic pollutants: hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), chlordecone, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (PFOS-F), and perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA). 158 samples were pooled according to the mothers age, length of stay in Hong Kong, and their dietary habits (frequencies of intake of fish and other seafood, and milk and dairy products) and tested for chlordecone, PBDEs, PBBs and PFCs. All were present in our samples. Their mean and median concentrations are very high compared to findings in other countries. HCH and PeCB were tested in 73 individual samples and their mean levels were of the same order of magnitude as those reported in our previous study. The levels of PBDEs were positively associated ...

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Reasons for this Objection This Notice of Objection underlines significant evidence that hepta through decaBDEs are bioaccumulative and therefore must be added to the list for virtual elimination under subsection 77(4) of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999.

The Kansas Pioneer FR & Anti Static Firemaster Coverall is a high spec coverall used for people needing flame retardant clothing and protection with Anti Static properties.

Olympia, WA - New chemical reports filed with the Washington State Department of Ecology show childrens product manufacturer Graco is using the harmful chemical flame retardant TBBPA in its products. TBBPA has been shown to affect thyroid hormone activity in laboratory studies. It may affect nervous system function as well. Graco recently made headlines by pledging to stop using the cancer-causing flame retardant chlorinated Tris in its products.. Gracos action is an example of the continuing toxic treadmill of flame retardants. We need to stop this cycle and give companies clear information on which chemicals are acceptable and which ones need to go, said Erika Schreder, science director, Washington Toxics Coalition.. Childrens health advocates say the new information underscores the need to pass the Toxic-Free Kids and Families Act (ESHB 1294), a bill that would prohibit the use of the flame retardant chlorinated Tris in home furniture and childrens products and prevent companies from ...

[email protected] NIEHS Grant: P01ES021921. The Scripps Center for Oceans and Human Health at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University Of California, San Diego is dedicated to advancing our understanding of the biology and chemistry of marine contaminants of emerging concern. Center researchers are specifically examining polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated bipyrroles (PBPs), which are both halogenated organic compounds (HOCs).. Previously thought to be manmade environmental contaminants, researchers have learned that some HOCs are naturally produced. Naturally-produced polybrominated HOCs have been linked to endocrine and thyroid disruption, neurodevelopmental deficits, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and cancer. HOCs bioaccumulate in marine environments, and it is important to understand the chemical diversity, sources, distributions, and toxicity of these compounds.. Californians PBDE body burden is the highest in the United States and the world. Thus, ...

This project will examine the cohort of women and their offspring who were exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) as a contaminant of cattle feed in l973. The Michigan Department of Community Health has followed this cohort for more than 20 years. The project will ascertain the occurrence of a number of outcomes in the women and their offspring in order to determine if there is evidence of endocrine disruption associated with PBB exposure. The study will include the administration of a telephone interview to the approximately 1900 women currently in the cohort to ascertain the cumulative incidence since exposure of endocrine sensitive endpoints such as endometriosis, benign breast disease, abnormal Pap smears, uterine fibroids, thyroid dysfunction and infertility. We will ascertain time to pregnancy for each pregnancy following exposure. Medical records will be obtained and reviewed to verify each of the clinical conditions. The occurrence of each of these outcomes will be modeled by ...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in 15 composite liver samples from two deep-sea fish species, the hollowsnout grenadier (Trachyrinchus trachyrinchus, TT) and the roughsnout grenadier (Coelorhynchus coelorynchus, CC). Mean concentrations of sum tri- to hepta-BDEs were higher in CC species than in the TT species (16.9 vs 4.5 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively). BDE 47 and BDE 100 were the major congeners in both species. Methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs), reported as being naturally produced in marine environments, were also measured in all samples. Similar to those of PBDEs, mean concentrations of sum MeO-PBDEs (sum congeners 2′-MeO-BDE 68 and 6-MeO-BDE 47) were higher in the CC species (28.9 vs 6.6 ng/g lw, respectively). Interestingly, polybrominated hexahydroxanthene derivatives (PBHDs) had the highest contribution to the total load of organobromines in the deep-sea fish samples. Contrary to those of PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs, the mean concentrations of PBHDs were higher in ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Study on simultaneous recycling of EAF dust and plastic waste containing TBBPA. AU - Grabda, Mariusz Grzegorz. AU - Oleszek, Sylwia. AU - Shibata, Etsuro. AU - Nakamura, Takashi. PY - 2014/8/15. Y1 - 2014/8/15. N2 - In the present work we investigated the fates of zinc, lead, and iron present in electric arc furnace dust during thermal treatment of the dust with tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A diglycidyl ether (TBBPADGE). Mixtures of these materials were compressed into pellets and heated in a laboratory-scale furnace at 550. °C for 80. min, under oxidizing and inert conditions.The solid, condensed, and gaseous-phase products were characterized using an array of analytical methods: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microscopy, inductively coupled plasma, ion chromatography, and gas chromatography.The results indicated that heating the mixtures under specific conditions enabled high separation of zinc and lead from iron-rich ...

Legacy environmental contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely detected in human tissues. at mother-child pairs in China and compared the placental transfer characteristics of various environmental endocrine disruptors, including PBDEs. Their results indicated that PBDEs can be transferred across the placenta from maternal blood circulation, and eventually reach the fetus25. Additionally, Frederiksen et al. used an experimental ex lover vivo human placenta perfusion system to show the differences in transplacental transfer of PBDEs based on degree of bromination26. Thus there is a need to better understand the accumulation of these contaminants in placental tissues, in order to understand fetal exposures. In this study, we present our findings from the analysis of 102 human placental tissues that were collected in North Carolina, USA. Tissue samples were analyzed for any suite of PBDEs and 2,4,6-tribromophenol in order to increase our understanding of exposures ...

University School of Public Health discovered that the chemical once removed from childrens PJs in the 1970s (chlorinated tris) was found in 99% of office environments, with the levels being higher in older office buildings. The use of tris is most common in polyurethane foam and upholstered furniture.. Tris has been linked in peer-reviewed studies to neurological harm, hormone disruption and cancer. The study hypothesized that newer offices contained lower levels of tris either because the chemical didnt have time to migrate out of the products, or newer flame retardants are used as instead. Early studies of the replacement chemical, called Firemaster 550, show concern for hormone-disruption, underscoring the drastic need for stronger laws on toxic chemicals. When will we get away from this silly game of chemical wack-a-mole?. Commercial airlines found 100 times the level of flame retardants in homes ...

Abstract. Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a nongenotoxic flame retardant, causes uterine tumors in female rats. A proposed mode of action (MoA) for these tumors involves an increase in the bioavailability of estradiol as a result of TBBPA inhibiting estrogen sulfotransferases (ES), the enzymes responsible for inactivating and enhancing the elimination of estradiol. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dose and repeated administration of TBBPA on the level of TBBPA, TBBPA-glucuronide (GA) and TBBPA-sulfate (S) conjugates in plasma, liver and uterus of female Wistar Han rats administered TBBPA (50, 100, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg) for 28 consecutive days. In accordance with this objective, TBBPA sulfation was used as a surrogate for evaluating the potential for estradiol sulfation to be limited at high dose levels of TBBPA. Blood samples were collected at 4 and 8 h post-dosing on study day 7, 14, and 28, while liver and uterus were collected at the same time points following 28 ...

TY - ABST. T1 - Does PBDE (DE-71) induced developmental hypothyroxinemia correlate with behavioral effects in the rat?. AU - Ramhøj, Louise. AU - Petersen, Marta Axelstad. AU - Egebjerg, Karen Mandrup. AU - Christiansen, Sofie. AU - Hass, Ulla. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - Thyroid hormones are crucial during pre- and postnatal life for proper development of the brain. Developmental hypothyroxinemia results in hyperactivity and learning impairments in both rats and humans. For the anti-thyroid drug propylthiouracil (PTU) decreased maternal serum thyroxine (T4) levels in rat correlate with hyperactivity and learning impairments in the offspring. In the present study we pursued to establish the same correlation between decreased T4 and neurobehavioral changes for a class of environmental thyroid disrupting compounds; the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).In an a large developmental toxicity study (n=20-21) time-mated Wistar rat dams were dosed with a technical penta-PBDE mixture (DE-71) from ...

This research focuses on the environmental fate of particle associated pollutants such as Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs), Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) with a special emphasis on their transformation due to interaction with a matrix or co-pollutants. It encompasses two approaches to the stated problems: analysis of samples collected in the environment and laboratory simulation of the molecular transformations. The PBDE studies relied on the ambient air Particulate Matter (PM) samples collected from Bangkok, Thailand. Results showed the presence of various PBDE homologs from tri- to hepta-PBDEs on both PM2.5and Total Suspended Particle (TSP) samples. Sample comparison based on distance from reclamation site indicated elevated levels of PBDEs in close proximity to the e-waste site. Interestingly, a shift in the congener pattern was observed with lower brominated PBDEs being more prevalent on nearby e-waste sites samples. Overall, a clear

Environment Canada has prepared this consultation document to inform stakeholders and solicit feedback on the key elements of the proposed risk management measure for products containing polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) other than mixtures, polymers and resins.

A well-documented fact for a group of persistent, bioaccumulating organohalogens contaminants, namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), is that appropriate regulation was delayed, on average, up to 50 years. Some of the delay may be attributed to the fact that the science of toxicology was in its infancy when PCBs were introduced in 1920s. Nevertheless, even following the development of modern toxicology this story repeats itself 45 years later with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) another compound of concern for public health. The question is why? One possible explanation may be the low coherence between experimental studies of toxic effects in animal models and human studies. To explore this further, we reviewed a total of 807 PubMed abstracts and full texts reporting studies of toxic effects of PCB and PBDE in animal models. Our analysis documents that human epidemiological studies of PBDE stand to gain little from animal studies due to the following: 1) the significant delay between the

The potential health threat posed by endocrine-disrupting chemicals has come to the forefront of environmental health in previous years and nowadays represents a major concern among scientific, regulatory and public communities. Different groups of environmental chemicals appear to have thyroid-disrupting properties. The lifelong exposure to these chemicals raises concerns about their deleterious effects on human health, having in mind that even subtle changes in the individual thyroid homeostasis during the life cycle may have significant adverse effects. This experimental study was aimed to assess effects of repeated relatively low doses (corresponding low to high environmental human exposures) of toxic metal cadmium (Cd), and persistent organic pollutants: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ether (BDE 209) on thyroid homeostasis in adult animals. These chemicals were chosen based on their persistency, high toxicity and ubiquitous presence in environment. Rats were ...

Usage:. It is mainly used for plastics as flame-retardant, widely for PP,PE,PS,ABS resin rubber fiber etc high molecular material and electronic industry. Especially for PP plastics. It is the most excellent flame-retardant for PP Plastics to now. Package:. 25kg kraft bag or by customers requirement.. Storage and Transportation:. Handle with care, keep air-tight and dry.. If you have any demand about my products.. please enquiry me sophia at kaihongchem dot com.. ...

Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation may be a molecular mechanism through which environmental exposures affect health. Methylation of Alu and long interspersed nucleotide elements (LINE-1) is a well-established measure of DNA methylation often used in epidemiologic studies. Yet, few studies have examined the effects of host factors on LINE-1 and Alu methylation in children. We characterized the relationship of age, sex, and prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), with DNA methylation in a birth cohort of Mexican-American children participating in the CHAMACOS study. We measured Alu and LINE-1 methylation by pyrosequencing bisulfite-treated DNA isolated from whole blood samples collected from newborns and nine-year old children (n = 358). POPs were measured in maternal serum during late pregnancy. Levels of DNA methylation were lower in nine-year ...

Developmental toxicology is an important part of preclinical drug toxicology as well as environmental toxicology. Assessing reproductive and developmental toxicity is especially expensive and time demanding, since at least two generations of animals are needed in the tests. In light of this there is a great need for alternative test methods in many areas of developmental toxicity testing.. The complete set of RNA transcripts in any given organism is called the transcriptome. Proteomics refers to the study of the proteins in a given organism or cell population. The work of this thesis has focused on the use of high throughput screening methods in transcriptomics and proteomics to search for molecular markers of developmental toxicity.. We have studied the global gene expression effects of the developmentally toxic substance valproic acid (VPA) using microarray technology. Several genes were found that display the same gene expression pattern in vivo using mouse embryos as the pattern seen in ...

Toxins have been found in children who live in homes with couches and other items containing polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a synthetic flame-retardant additive.

Article Instrumental methods and challenges in quantifying. Abstract Increased interest in the fate, transport and toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) over the past few years has led to a variety of studies reporting different methods ...

Even small doses of a flame retardant commonly used in furniture and baby products has been linked to harmful health effects, including obesity and developmental and reproductive problems, according to a new study. Speaking at a conference in Canada, Duke University chemist Heather Stapleton said baby rats whose mothers ate small amounts of the flame-retardant chemical, Firemaster 550, gained more weight than those that werent exposed. Female offspring exposed to the chemical were more anxious, reached puberty earlier, and were shown to have abnormal reproductive cycles. While earlier studies found that harmful effects were evident only at doses of 50 milligrams per kilogram of weight, the new study assessed exposure to doses as low as 3 milligrams per kilogram. This raises red flags about a widely used chemical that we know little about, said Stapleton, co-author of the study. According to the Chicago Tribune, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency next year will conduct a risk assessment ...

[150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on 2016 Sodium Dodecyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate (CAS 7575-62-4) Industry Market Report report by Prof Research. The Global and Chinese Sodium Dodecyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate Industry,...

Emissions to the environment of the brominated flame retardant HBCD are likely to have fallen last year in Europe, while potential emissions of deca-BDE and TBBPA remained steady

The latest industry report shows emissions of deca-BDE and TBBPA continued to fall in 2012. EBP emissions are reported for the first time

Foremost Farms new milk processing plant will increase capacity and accessibility for Michigan dairy farmers, while providing a major boost to Michigans dairy industry.

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This paper reports on the occurrence of halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), namely PBDEs, HBCDs, TBBPA, brominated phenols (BrPhs), dechlorane plus (DP) and emerging FRs in a variety of Belgian foodstuffs. A total of 183 composite food samples were analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques for the presence of HFRs. The analyses revealed that 72% of the samples was contaminated with HFRs to some e ...

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chance to others? so hindi sila others? first time lang din nila na sasali sa PBB.. nung may nialgay na mahirap na HM, sasabihin nyo, paawa, awa vote lang...ngayon naman meron ordinaryong kabataan, ayaw nyo din. deserved din nila na maexperience yan...kanya kanyang panahon lang..wag muna manghusga. 2016 nA..magbago na kayo. ReplyDelete ...

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Untuk menekan kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan di sana, maka misi PBB di Republik Demokratik Kongo (MONUC) didukung 20 ribu personel keamanan. Mereka antara lain bertugas mendampingi para perempuan Kongo yang akan ke pasar atau mencari kayu api dan air, mengembangkan sistem peringatan dini, dan membantu para walikota setempat ...

Li, S. F., Xu, J. W., Yang, Q. L., Wang, C. H., Chen, Q., Chapman, D. C. & Lu, G.; 2009: A comparison of complete mitochondrial genomes of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis: implications for their taxonomic relationship and phylogeny. Journal of Fish Biology, 74: 1787-1803. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02258.x ...