Abstract Background The unisexual Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a hybridization between two sexual species, the sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) and the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana). The Amazon molly reproduces clonally via sperm-dependent parthenogenesis (gynogenesis), in which the sperm of closely related species triggers embryogenesis of the apomictic oocytes, but typically does not contribute genetic material to the next generation. We compare for the first time the gonadal transcriptome of the Amazon molly to those of both ancestral species, P. mexicana and P. latipinna. Results We sequenced the gonadal transcriptomes of the P. formosa and its parental species P. mexicana and P. latipinna using Illumina RNA-sequencing techniques (paired-end, 100 bp). De novo assembly of about 50 million raw read pairs for each species was performed using Trinity, yielding 106,922 transcripts for P. formosa, 115,175 for P. latipinna, and 133,025 for P. mexicana after eliminating ...

Malaria Consortium - Implementation of guppy fish poecilia reticulata and a novel larvicide pyriproxyfen product sumilarv 2mr for dengue control in cambodia a qualitative study of acceptability sustainability and community engagement - One of the worlds leading non-profit organisations specialising in the prevention, control and treatment of malaria and other communicable diseases among vulnerable populations.

Current Name: Poecilia caudofasciata. Describer(s), Year: (Regan, 1913). IDENTITY: caudofasciata Po.. Family-group Names: Poeciliidae Bonaparte, 1831 , Poeciliinae Bonaparte, 1831 , Poeciliini Bonaparte, 1831 , Genus: Poecilia Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Abbreviated genus: Po.. Abbreviated subgenus: (Lim.). Species: caudofasciata. Index name: caudofasciata: Poecilia caudofasciata. Full name: Poecilia caudofasciata. TYPOLOGY: caudofasciata Po.. Original name: Limia caudofasciata. Describer(s): Regan. Year of description: 1913. Original description: Regan, C.T. 1913. A Revision of the Cyprinodont Fishes of the Subfamily Poeciliinae. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 11: 1017, pl. 101 (fig. 6). Gender/Accordance: [Adj.]. SYSTEMATICS: caudofasciata Po.. Current status: = melanogaster. Status evaluation (current): discussed {also seen as a valid species}.. Systematic remarks (with taxonomic history): well defined (taxonomic history : variably considered as a junior synonym of melanogaster or as a distinct ...

In populations with male mate-choice copying, males may mitigate their risk of sexual competition by reducing their preference for a particular female in the presence of sexual rivals (audience). Because of the cost of missed mating opportunities from such an audience effect, males should reduce their mating preference to a greater extent in the presence of more sexually competitive rivals compared with less competitive ones. We tested this hypothesis using the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). We compared a focal males baseline mating preference for either of 2 stimulus females, which differed in overall body size, in the absence of any sexual rival to his preference for the same females in the presence of a sexual rival using dichotomous-choice tests. Focal and audience males differed in body length and proportion of their body covered in orange and black pigmentation. In the presence of a larger rival, focal males exhibited a greater reduction in preference for their initially ...

Similar to other Fancy Guppies, the Assorted Female Guppy does best in an established aquarium of at least 20 gallons. Though tolerant of small changes, care should be taken to maintain stable water parameters. Hardy plant varieties such as Java Fern and Java Moss are excellent choices for creating a lush, planted aquarium housing the Assorted Female Guppy. Though best displayed in a biotope or colony aquarium, the Assorted Female Guppy is a very peaceful fish that does well in freshwater community aquariums housing tankmates of similar temperament. The Assorted Female Guppy is an omnivore and requires both algae-based foods as well as meaty foods. An algae-based flake food, along with freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp will provide guppies with the proper nutrition. Approximate Purchase Size: 3/4 to 1 ...

Sexual selection is thought to be opposed by natural selection such that ornamental traits express a balance between these two antagonistic influences. Phenotypic variation among populations may indicate local shifts in this balance, or that different stable solutions are possible, but testing these alternatives presents a major challenge. In the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a small freshwater fish with male-limited ornamental coloration, these issues can be addressed by transplanting fish among sites of varying predation pressure, thus effectively manipulating the strength and nature of natural selection. Here, we contrast the evolutionary outcome of two such introductions conducted in the Trinidadian El Cedro and Aripo Rivers. ...

2017 the Authors. Functional Ecology published by John Wiley. &. Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. Within populations, individuals can vary in stress response, a multivariate phenomenon comprising neuroendocrine, physiological and behavioural traits. Verbal models of individual stress coping style have proposed that the behavioural component of this variation can be described as a single axis, with each individuals coping style being consistent across time and stress contexts. Focusing on this behavioural component of stress response and combining repeated measures of multiple traits with a novel multivariate modelling framework, we test for the existence of coping style variation and assess its stability across contexts in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Specifically, we test the following hypotheses: (1) there exists repeatable among-individual behavioural (co)variation (personality) within a mild stress context consistent with a risk-averse-risk-prone ...

Molly Qerim Body Statistics, Measurements, Waist, Hips, Bust, Bra Size, Weight, Height, Figure Shape, Dress And Feet Size. Molly Qerim Weight: 139 lbs (63 kg). Molly Qerim Height: 5′ 6″ (1.68 m). Molly Qerim Measurements: 37-27-38 in (94-69-97 cm). Molly Qerim Bra Size/Breast Size: 34C. Molly Qerim Bra Cup Size: C. Molly Qerim Shoe Size/Feet Size: 8 (US). Molly Qerim Dress Size: 8 (US). Molly Qerim Star Sign: Aries. Molly Qerim Net Worth: Unknown. Molly Qerim Hair Color: Dark Brown. Molly Qerim Eye Color: Dark Brown. Date Of Birth: 31 March 1985. Birth Place: New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Nationality: American. Race/Ethnicity: White. TV shows: First Take. Education: Quinnipiac University, University of Connecticut. Molly Qerim is an American sports anchor and moderator for ESPNs First Take. Qerim has been the host of NFL Networks weekday morning show, NFL AM, and NFL Fantasy Live. Qerim also was previously a sports anchor and reporter for NFL Network.. ...

1. Recent experiments in the wild have demonstrated that natural selection can work much faster than we see in the fossil record:. Evaluation of the rate of evolution in natural populations of guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Reznick, DN, Shaw, FH, Rodd, FH, and Shaw, RG. Science 275:1934-1937, 1997. The lay article is Predatory-free guppies take an evolutionary leap forward, pg 1880.. This is an excellent study of natural selection at work. Guppies are preyed upon by species that specialize in eating either the small, young guppies, or older, mature guppies. Eleven years ago the research team moved guppies from pools below some waterfalls that contained both types of predators to pools above the falls where only the predators that ate the small, young guppies live. Thus the selection pressure was changed. Eleven years later the guppies above the falls were larger, matured earlier, and had fewer young than the ones below the falls. The group then used standard quantitative morphology to quantify ...

Cave fishes need to rely on non-visual senses, such as the sense of smell or the lateral line to communicate in darkness. In the present study, we investigated sex identification by females of a...

Signal design is also a product of the environment (Fig. 11B; Endler, 1992). Signals must be detectable to be effective, and conspicuousness is often a function of habitat characteristics. Endler (1991) demonstrated that the colour patterns of guppies Poecilia reticulata appear different in varying light environments, and that this affects their relative conspicuousness to females and predators. Similarly, Leal and Fleishman (2002) have recently shown that two sympatric lizards Anolis cooki and A. cristatellus occupy different terrestrial microhabitats that ensure optimal signalling conditions for each. Anolis cristatellus is found in microhabitats that have low ultraviolet (UV) radiance (background light). These lizards are sensitive to UV and have UV-reflecting dewlap regions. Conversely, A. cooki have relatively low UV spectral sensitivity, no UV-reflecting structures in their dewlap, and occupy microhabitats that are characterised by high UV radiance. Differences between microhabitats have ...

Species of Ribeiroia are trematode parasites of birds and mammals that have acquired notoriety since Ribeiroia ondatrae was identified as a cause of mortality and malformations in North American amphibians. Although species of Ribeiroia have been reported in vertebrate hosts in South America, the snails involved in its transmission remain unknown in Brazil. During malacological studies conducted at Pampulha Reservoir, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, between January 2009 and February 2012, in total 14,264 specimens of Biomphalaria straminea were collected, of which 192 (1.35%) were infected with gymnocephalous cercariae. The larvae were used for experimental infection of laboratory-reared guppies ( Poecilia reticulata ); metacercariae obtained in these fishes were orally administered to domestic ducks ( Cairina moschata ); and adult parasites were obtained from the proventriculus 10 days after infection. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, the parasite was identified as Ribeiroia ...

In the assessment a 96-h LC50 value of ,16 mg/L is used from a non-GLP, OECD 203 guideline study with the guppy Poecilia reticulata conducted under semi-static conditions without analytical monitoring (Akzo Nobel Research Laboratories, 1991). One short-term toxicity study with Daphnia magna is available for zinc bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate). The test is a static GLP-compliant, EPA-660/3-75-009 guideline study without analytical monitoring (Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc., 1983c). The 48-h LC50 value of 0.74 mg/L is used in the assessment. No growth inhibition tests with algae are available for zinc bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate). The results from the structural analogue zinc diethyldithiocarbamate are used (for details see Reporting Format as attached to the respective IUCLID entry and CSR Appendix A.1). A 96-h ErC50 value of 1.1 mg/L in Chlorella pyrenoidosa from a semi-static non-GLP, OECD 202 guideline study without analytical monitoring (van Leeuwen et al., 1985b; van Leeuwen, 1986) ...

Before the rise in atmospheric oxygen (O2) levels ∼800 million years ago, oceans were euxinic; that is, both anoxic and sulfidic. The rise in O2 was associated with an increased abundance of cyanobacteria and plants that are thought to have eliminated sulphide, which was an abundant energy source (Olson and Straub, 2016). Eventually, organisms adapted mechanisms that used O2 to harvest energy and support cellular processes. However, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) still retained an important role in cellular function, serving as an important signaling molecule. Indeed, the pathway for H2S regulation is highly conserved across modern taxa (Olson and Straub, 2016).. Modern environments that have high H2S levels are primarily limited to deep-sea hydrothermal vents (Olson and Straub, 2016), where levels can be 3-110 mmol kg−1. Cold seeps and freshwater springs and caves fed by H2S-enriched groundwater have been found with levels of H2S up to 1200 µM (Tobler et al., 2011). These habitats are ...

The guppy gives birth to live young, meaning that the eggs are first incubated inside the female guppy and hatch there too. The incubation period of the guppy is about a month after which the female guppy can give birth to up to 100 baby guppies, which are called fry. As soon as they are born, the guppy fry are able to eat and swim around freely. The guppy fry are also able to sense and avoid danger which is important when around older guppies as they often eat the fry. The guppy fry have matured in adult guppies within a couple of months. After mating just once with a male guppy, the female guppy is able to give birth numerous times. The female guppy stores the sperm of the male guppy inside her and just hours after giving birth to her fry, the female guppy is ready to become pregnant again and will do so using the stored sperm (hence why the guppy is often called the millionfish ...

Can I mix mollies with tilapia 7/23/08 Sent from my CrackBerry® wireless device available from BTC. ,Not really, no. Sent by Neale from a shiny silver computer available from Apple.,. Molly attacking Goldfish 4/7/08 Hi WWM! ,Hello, I have a 10 gallon tank with one butterfly goldfish, one creamsicle Molly and 2 Mickey Mouse Mollies. ,Too much and incompatible life in this tank., I didnt know until now that mollies are not supposed to be in the same tank as goldfish because Ive never owned fish before. ,Read before you purchase livestock next time., They seemed to be getting along for a couple of months, however, for the past month or so, the creamsicle Molly has been attacking the goldfish by constantly biting or nipping its back fins causing them to become frayed. ,Common behavior for a molly., The goldfish seems very upset and unhappy and tries to hide from the Molly but cant escape it. Can the goldfish die from this? ,Can contribute to its demise., What should I do? ,Separate the ...

Similar shape to the more common Poecilia sphenops, elongated and a pointed head. The Maylands is an olive-brown fish with iridescent blue highlights and a yellow-brown caudal. Males possess a higher and more colourful dorsal fin. Alpha males can possess an orangey dorsal fin, sometimes with black dots. In older males, the rounded caudal fin may be orange or banded with black and yellow. Females have little colour ...

We have previously reported the development of an extensive invasive growth of the thyroid gland of the gynogenetic teleost, Poecilia formosa (the Amazon molly), following i.p. injection of UV- or γ-irradiated thyroid cells. This result was surprising by comparison with mammalian work, in which the thyroid is rarely the site for tumor metastases, but the anatomy of the circulation of fish is different from mammals, and in fish the gills and thyroid gland would be among the first tissues in which injected cells might be arrested. Techniques using a fluorescent dye, 125I membrane label, or [3H]thymidine label were used to follow the distribution of i.p. injected cells in the Amazon molly. Fish sampled as soon as 30 min after injection had some labeled cells dispersed in the connective tissue around the ventral aorta and in the bases of the gills, and by 1 to 4 hr large numbers of cells had moved into the thyroid region. A few cells still persisted there 200 hr later.. Experiments on the ...

Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Neoteleostei; Acanthomorphata; Ovalentaria; Atherinomorphae; Cyprinodontiformes; Poeciliidae; Poeciliinae; ...

Deemed as beginner-friendly fish that are affordable and easy to raise, the price of guppy fish can, in fact, vary greatly depending on aspects such as exclusive traits, patterns and colors.. So, how much do guppies cost on average? Which guppies cost the most? And what influences the cost of guppies? These are all questions that Im addressing in this article.. There are cost differences between average guppies and show guppies, for example. The harder it is to breed certain guppies, the more expensive they are. Rare strains will always carry a higher price tag.. If youre looking to buy average guppies that you can find at any pet store, youll only need to spend a couple of dollars. These guppies dont cost a lot. But fancy guppies will usually set you back with tens of dollars.. To help you navigate the pricing system of guppy fish, Ive compiled a pricing overview of the different types of guppy fish. These prices are at which guppies sell at the time of writing this article:. ...

Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana) in the southern Mexican Cueva del Azufre system inhabit a variety of different habitat types, some of which are characterized by perpetual darkness (caves) and/or the presence of toxic hydrogen sulfide. Previous studies demonstrated heritable differences among populations from adjacent but ecologically divergent habitat types in morphology, behavior and life history. Here we examined male mating behavior in fish from the most extreme habitat, the sulfidic Cueva del Azufre (cave mollies), and a nearby non-sulfidic river (i.e., the least extreme habitat type) as well as hybrids (F1 and F2) between both populations. Compared to surface-dwelling males, mollies showed strongly reduced sexual activity, which may be an adaptation to life in a stressful, energy-poor environment. However, sexual activity of first-generation hybrids even exceeded the level of the surface fish, suggesting that a heterosis effect leads to strongly increased sexual activity. To avoid ...

The last health effect of ecstasy could be and more often than not is, laced with other drugs such as methamphetamine aka crystal meth. This means you add in a whole new slew of health effects just from that added substance.. Molly: Molly essentially has the same exact health effects (see above) as ecstasy when it comes to producing feelings of euphoria and closeness with other people. Only difference is, molly usually comes in a pure powder form, while ecstasy comes in pill form.. Health effects of molly: The same as the health effects (see above) of ecstasy, minus one thing; the supposed risk of it being laced and those health effects. We are going to go ahead and go with the idea of Molly as MDMA in its pure form that doesnt come with any added substances. So just take out the added health effects of something such as meth that it could be laced with but remember this isnt always the case and most likely isnt.. THE WINNER OF ROUND 1 IS: NEITHER, IT IS A DRAW. Both ecstasy and molly have ...

Homosexuality occurs in most animal species, from insects to mammals, and it is more common amongst males. But how could homosexual behaviour have evolved if same-sex copulations do not result in offspring and should therefore decrease fitness? Furthermore, copulation tends to be an energetically costly activity for both parties involved and even though it tends to be less so for males than for females, the fact remains that even male-male homosexuality appears to be a waste of energy and gametes. The truth though, is that exclusive homosexuality is rarely present in non-human animals, and most males that engage in homosexual encounters also mate with females. Could it be possible, then, that male homosexual behaviour leads to an increase in subsequent success with female mates? If this were the case, homosexual behaviour would have a direct positive effect on fitness.. When it comes to mate choices, females of the live-bearing fish Poecilia mexicana like to copy their female friends. That is, ...

Local adaptation to divergent environmental conditions can promote population genetic differentiation even in the absence of geographic barriers and hence, lead to speciation. Perturbations by catastrophic events, however, can distort such parapatric ecological speciation processes. Here, we asked whether an exceptionally strong flood led to homogenization of gene pools among locally adapted populations of the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae) in the Cueva del Azufre system in southern Mexico, where two strong environmental selection factors (darkness within caves and/or presence of toxic H2S in sulfidic springs) drive the diversification of P. mexicana. Nine nuclear microsatellites as well as heritable female life history traits (both as a proxy for quantitative genetics and for trait divergence) were used as markers to compare genetic differentiation, genetic diversity, and especially population mixing (immigration and emigration) before and after the flood. Habitat type (i.e., non

1. Introduction. Sediment tends to accumulate trace metals in aquatic ecosystems (Soares et al., 1999). This characteristic is aggravated in water bodies that receive inflows of metals, either steadily or intermittently, and can result in severe effects on the benthic biota (Doig and Líber, 2006). Mediated by physical, chemical and biological processes, metals can return to the water column and thus pose a risk to the planktonic and nektonic communities, as well as triggering toxic effects in the other components of the food web (Adams, 1995).. Despite the importance of the sediment compartment, the assessment and quantification of the toxic potential of metals in natural sediments are still very difficult, since metals physical and chemical characteristics are highly variable, as are the routes for absorption and elimination of these pollutants by aquatic organisms (Edwards and Simkiss, 2005). Therefore, the number of reported experiments with artificial sediments in the laboratory has been ...

When Molly was 5, she developed a lump and a rash around her nose and hands. We took her to a dermatologist who tested Mollys blood. We found out that she had blasts in her blood and got her to the hospital. Molly was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Chemotherapy started the next day and after 28 days, Molly was in remission. Through hair loss, frequent weight changes and hospital stays, Molly faced the battle with positivity, humor and strength.

Molly didnt have school last Monday and Tuesday because of parent/teacher conferences. Next week, there is no school on Wednesday, Thursday or Friday because of Thanksgiving. This means that there were exactly ten school days between these vacation periods. Mollys teacher is taking advantage of this by doing the normal weekly plans during theses two weeks. This also means that tomorrow will be like a normal Thursday for Molly with a spelling pretest, extra math and reading reviews. This week and the few days next week will be a little confusing but I give Mollys teacher credit for actually getting these lessons in before the holiday. I remember a lot of pre-holiday days at school being mostly wasted because the teachers didnt want to start something new. Mollys teacher is on the ball and now she wont have to push through a lesson in a shorter amount of time ...

Inhibition of ammonia excretion (J(amm)) is a common response to Cu exposure in freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) organisms. To determine the mechanism of this response, a euryhaline species of guppy (Poecilia vivipara) was exposed to 20 μg Cu/l in FW (0 ppt) and SW (25 ppt) for 96 h. In both salinities, Cu transiently inhibited ammonia excretion (J(amm)) followed by a full recovery by the end of the 96 h exposure. The activities of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, H(+)-ATPase, and carbonic anhydrase (CA) were examined in the gills at 12 and 96 h of Cu exposure. In both salinity acclimations, CA activity was significantly inhibited following 12h of Cu exposure in P. vivipara, marking the first in vivo evidence of Cu-induced inhibition of CA in fish. Moreover, the inhibition and recovery of this enzyme were correlated with the inhibition and recovery of J(amm) in both salinity acclimations. The blockade of CA potentially acts as a common mechanism of J(amm) inhibition in FW and SW. There were no significant ...

Guppies are native to Venezuela, Brazil and various other Caribbean Islands. However, they have been introduced to several different countries on every continent, except Antarctica - mainly as a means of mosquito control.. They are a popular fish in aquariums as they liven up any tank with their vibrant colouring and active nature. They enjoy being kept in groups and are a generally peaceful fish, although sometimes they can nip other male guppies or top swimmers.. ...

Because selection is often sex-dependent, alleles can have positive effects on fitness in one sex and negative effects in the other, resulting in intralocus sexual conflict. Evolutionary theory predicts that intralocus sexual conflict can drive the evolution of sex limitation, sex-linkage, and sex chromosome differentiation. However, evidence that sex-dependent selection results in sex-linkage is limited. Here, we formally partition the contribution of Y-linked and non-Y-linked quantitative genetic variation in coloration, tail, and body size of male guppies (Poecilia reticulata)-traits previously implicated as sexually antagonistic. We show that these traits are strongly genetically correlated, both on and off the Y chromosome, but that these correlations differ in sign and magnitude between both parts of the genome. As predicted, variation in attractiveness was found to be associated with the Y-linked, rather than with the non-Y-linked component of genetic variation in male ornamentation. ...

I recently got 2 female guppies from my local pet store. One died that night from a bacterial infection in its gills. The other is doing great, so I got her a friend today. However, since I added the new female, my tiny original female has been following her relentlessly. She hasnt fin nipped as far as Ive seen, but the other guppy is desperately trying to get away from her and she wont leave her alone. Could this cause my new guppy to die of stress? What should I do?

Dr. Molly Maloof is on a mission to radically extend healthspan-the number of years free from disease or disability-and maximize human potential by promoting wellness lifestyles that generate optimal health. She is on the frontier of personalized medicine, medical technology, health optimization, and scientifically-backed wellness endeavors. In this episode, Dr. Molly shares the importance of working through trauma and controlling your perception of stress, as well as the major epidemic not enough people are talking about in 2021.. SHOW NOTES: 0:49 Welcome to the show!. 3:29 Dr. Mollys Bio. 4:57 Welcome Dr. Molly!. 5:51 Her journey from medical school to now. 8:38 The latest in Silicon Valley health tech. 9:42 The big debate on CGMs. 11:05 How to begin trauma-work. 14:03 Screening for trauma with patients. 17:28 Renees story on perceived stress. 17:57 Combatting stress & multi-tasking. 19:48 Neurofeedback therapy. 21:28 The epidemic we arent talking about. 24:14 Other conditions related to ...

This rockstar potato just wont stoppick them as sweet little fingerlings early or hold out for larger potatoes later in the season.A rich purple, so deep its almost black, from skin to center. Distinctively earthy flavor and pleasantly waxy texture. A fantastic addition to a dish of roasted mixed vegetables. Ian Jerolmack of Stonecipher Farm in Bowdoinham, ME, has developed a following among his restaurant accounts; they incited a small riot after his Mollies had been bought up.Vigorous plants, high yields and few diseases. We love Magic Molly so much it inspired the creation of our 2017 cover art superhero. Magic Molly the potato has a slight inclination to scab. Magic Molly the superhero is invincible.

Alan and Molly are young, in love and expecting. The last thing on their minds is a disease that ravages the nervous system and turns its victims into feral, flesh-eating beasts. As the world nose dives into the apocalypse and the government takesMoreAlan and Molly are young, in love and expecting. The last thing on their minds is a disease that ravages the nervous system and turns its victims into feral, flesh-eating beasts. As the world nose dives into the apocalypse and the government takes action in rounding up the infected, Molly rapidly develops symptoms. Believing that love can conquer all, Alan secrets his wife away, hiding her from the world. If he can just wait it out, Alan thinks, all will be well. But Molly is very, very hungry.. ...

First, is the underlying assumption that females prefer bright spots really true? If so, why are bright spots beneficial? In 1990, scientists conducted an experiment where they raised female guppies in either high predation or no predation conditions. All the females were later transferred to a container containing males of various color patterns and intensities. Regardless of how they were raised, the females showed greater interest in male guppies with bright, flashing spots and stripes. Furthermore, when raised in a predator-free environment, males tended to display a higher density of spots over generations.. From a molecular perspective, there is a simple explanation: the spots on male guppies require various carotenoid pigments for their colors. Because these pigments are only synthesized through the consumption of select plants and invertebrates, they represent both the nutritional status and foraging ability of the males. For these reasons, females prefer males with brighter spots and ...

Zanotelli VR, Neuhauss SC, Ehrengruber MU. Long-term exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) inhibits growth of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata). J Appl Toxicol. 2010 Jan;30(1):29-33.. ...

The teleost brain is an energetically costly organ, which raises the question of how brain anatomy is shaped by divergent ecological factors in contrasting (extreme/resource-limited vs. benign) environments. A previous study compared different ecotypes of the teleost Poecilia mexicana in the Tacotalpa drainage system and found that cave fish had a smaller eye diameter, a smaller optic tectum and larger telencephalic lobes relative to ancestral surface-dwelling fish. Smaller eyes and a smaller optic tectum but larger telencephalic lobes were also found in fish from a sulphidic surface habitat near one of the caves, which the authors hypothesized to result from limited vision in turbid sulphide waters. In this study, we tested if repeated transitions along a replicated, natural toxicity gradient result in repeated (convergent) anatomical changes of the teleost brain. We compared ecotypes in the P. mexicana species complex that have independently evolved increased tolerance to hydrogen sulphide ...

How many fish does it take for guppies to invasively breed its way into dominating an ecosystem? Biologists at the University of St. Andrews and the University of the West Indies did the experiment and came up with the startling number: just 1 female guppy. Dr. Deacon explained, “Usually only one or a few fish are released. We know that the vast majority of species introduced to a new habitat in this way are unable to survive, let alone establish a population, which left us with a huge question mar...

Since 1978, over 6000 research publications have appeared on the biology of the livebearing fishes (Family Poeciliidae), characterizing, phylogenetic relationships, ecology, behavior, life histories, morphology, environmental toxicology, and developing their potential as a model system for cancer biology. Because so much is known about these fish in their natural environments, and because they provide such convenient experimental systems, they are poised to become a premier system for evolutionary and functional genomics. Several striking phenomena within the family indicate it can become a model system for investigating sex-chromosome evolution, maintenance of genetic variation, gene regulation, and the genetic bases of life history, behavioral, and morphological evolution. Surprisingly though, very little is known about poeciliid genomes, and few molecular tools are available. We therefore propose to bring together poeciliid biologists, molecular biologists, geneticists and genomicists to ...

Video articles in JoVE about organisms genetically modified include Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model, High Fat Diet Feeding and High Throughput Triacylglyceride Assay in Drosophila Melanogaster, Quantifying Fish Swimming Behavior in Response to Acute Exposure of Aqueous Copper Using Computer Assisted Video and Digital Image Analysis, Real Time Monitoring of Intracellular Bile Acid Dynamics Using a Genetically Encoded FRET-based Bile Acid Sensor, Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities, Assays to Detect UV-reflecting Structures and Determine their Importance in Mate Preference using the Sailfin Molly Poecilia latipinna, Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-Encoded Fluorogenic Sensors, A Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization Method for the Gastropod Mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis, An Optogenetic Approach for

Ive built my career around empowering women, she said, as her four-month-old daughter Penelope bounced on her knee. Tracy was there to promote her new fitness DVD series for pregnant women, called The Pregnancy Project. Shes also no stranger to excessive weight gain during pregnancy, putting on 60 pounds during her first 13 years ago.. The nine DVDs guide a woman through her entire pregnancy so she can stay fit, active, and healthy for her growing baby and care for herself at the same time. To hear how it works, model and actress Molly Sims joined Tracy Anderson on the show to talk about how shes worked with the trainer and The Pregnancy Project for her own recent pregnancy (son Brooks is 3.5 months). Tracy called Molly a shining example of someone who used her program to go through her pregnancy and feel connected to the baby.. Molly described how each month with The Pregnancy Project your focus shifts to something different like arms, legs, or the butt. The videos were shot in real ...

Molly Balfe is a Senior Fellow with Attendance Works. Prior to joining the Attendance Works team, Molly served as the Oregon & Washington Program Manager for the Alliance for a Healthier Generations Healthy Schools Program, where she provided evidence-based resources and technical assistance to increase physical activity and improve nutrition for students and staff in K-12 schools. She is a skilled facilitator with over a decade of experience working to promote healthy changes in school settings. Her work has focused on the role of school climate in promoting social emotional and physical health and on the importance of supporting school employee well-being. Molly received her Bachelors degree from DePaul University and her Masters in Public Health from Columbia Universitys Mailman School of Public Health. ...

Little Molly Campbell has cleared the first hurdle in her treatment.. Weve been following her journey since she was diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia on Christmas Eve last year.. The three-month-old, began her first round of chemotherapy in early January. That stage of treatment has been completed and her most recent tests show her to be in clinical remission.. Clinical remission is defined by a benchmark occurring when less than five percent of the cells, produced by the patients bone marrow, are leukemia cells. Mollys bone marrow is currently producing three percent leukemia cells.. Paul Pearson, a friend and spokesperson for the family says, It means she has a chance to survive. What it means is its cleared the way for stronger chemotherapy drugs.. Molly was essentially a newborn when she was diagnosed. She is a very young child, fighting a very rare form of leukemia. Her condition is difficult to treat and her unusually young age makes her situation even more precarious, as ...

On Tuesday, March 11, 2014, the Lake Whitney Chamber of Commerce visited Molly Caudle State Farm Insurance, 227 E. Franklin Street in Hillsboro for a Ribbon Cutting ceremony. She has been in business for over 22 years offering Home, Auto, Life, Health and Financial Services Insurance. Her phone is 254-582-8489 and her fax is 254-582-3116 or visit her website at: www.mollyinsures.com .. Present for the photo were her staff: Cindy Taylor, Laura Helton, holding Mollys 8 month old Yorkie, Miss Maisie, Virginia Cavazos, Molly Caudle, Agent-Owner and member/ambassador Anne Blaha of the First National Bank of Central Texas. We are very happy to welcome Ms. Caudle to our Chamber membership.. Photo: Diana Reed. Diana ...

YORK COUNTY, Pa.-- Todays Furry Friend is Molly, the ferret! Molly comes to us from York SPCA, and was brought to the center because her owners were having a baby and unable to care for her. Check Molly out on FOX43 Morning News.

Molly mod adds several Drug themed item into your Minecraft world. Features: Molly & MDMA: Molly is made with 4 blaze powder surrounding a diamond.

My research interests lie in the field of Behavioural Ecology. I study how variation in the social and physical environment shapes behavioural differences at the individual- and group- level, which in turn have important evolutionary consequences. My work is mainly lab-based and uses guppy (Poecilia reticulata) as a model system.. During my PhD, I tested the hypothesis that females alter their sexual behaviours in response to variation in the distribution of male phenotypes experienced during development. I also explored whether learned preferences acquired in a foraging context while growing could be transferred into a mating context. The study showed the key role played by the social environment experienced during ontogeny in the expression of female mate preferences in a species that lack parental care.. Currently, my research centres on the study of social network structure and its adaptive value. Specifically, I am analyzing how the dynamic structure of established social networks responds ...

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Math o bysgodyn yw gypi (lluosog: gypïod)[1] neu bilcyn y Caribî (lluosog: pilcod y Caribî)[1] (Poecilia reticulata). Mae llawer yn cael eu cadw mewn acwaria. Dawr enw o gyfenw Robert John Lechmere Guppy a ddarganfu bysgodyn or fath yn Nhrinidad ym 1866.. ...

Well, I finally took my sailfin pleco to the LFS today. There are a lot of LFSs in the area but this one is always the best. My reason for giving him away; he was just getting too big. He still had plenty of room to swim, but I wanted to remove him before he was too big and no one would take him. The manager that I dealt with (family owned & operated) seemed impressed with the health of him. He said that he has a lot of people say their plecos are in good health, but when they bring them