The blood B-cells and bone marrow plasma cells in patients with multiple myeloma share identical IgH rearrangements<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The blood B-cells and bone marrow plasma cells in patients with multiple myeloma share identical IgH rearrangements. AU - Bergsagel, P. L.. AU - Masellis Smith, A.. AU - Belch, A. R.. AU - Pilarski, L. M.. PY - 1994/1/1. Y1 - 1994/1/1. N2 - Previous reports have described the phenotypic and functional properties of monotypic late stage B cells in the blood of patients with multiple myeloma and have speculated that these B cells represent a malignant circulating component of myeloma. Here we show that blood B cells have IgH rearrangements identical to those expressed by the bone marrow plasma cells by using Ig Fingerprint and Allele-Specific Oligomer (ASO) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. DNA from purified blood B cells and bone marrow plasma cells taken at the same time, and blood B cells taken at subsequent patient visits was amplified using consensus IgH primers, or ASO primers. In 10/16 patients, a single IgH rearrangement was amplified from the bone marrow plasma ...
BLIMP - B Lymphocyte-Induced Maturation Protein | AcronymFinder
How is B Lymphocyte-Induced Maturation Protein abbreviated? BLIMP stands for B Lymphocyte-Induced Maturation Protein. BLIMP is defined as B Lymphocyte-Induced Maturation Protein somewhat frequently.
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans | Nature
Long-lived bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) are a persistent and essential source of protective antibodies1-7. Individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 have a substantially lower risk of reinfection with SARS-CoV-28-10. Nonetheless, it has been reported that levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies decrease rapidly in the first few months after infection, raising concerns that long-lived BMPCs may not be generated and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 may be short-lived11-13. Here we show that in convalescent individuals who had experienced mild SARS-CoV-2 infections (n = 77), levels of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) antibodies declined rapidly in the first 4 months after infection and then more gradually over the following 7 months, remaining detectable at least 11 months after infection. Anti-S antibody titres correlated with the frequency of S-specific plasma cells in bone marrow aspirates from 18 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 at 7 to 8 months after infection. S
Study of DNA Copy Numbers Variations and Gene Expression Profile of Bone Marrow Plasma Cells From MGUS and SMM. - Full Text...
The purpose of this study is to describe DNA copy number variations and gene expression profiles of bone marrow plasma cells of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). The final objective is to search for correlations with the risk of progression in order to establish a predictive model of early malignant transformation ...
Control of plasma cell generation and population dynamics
Plasma cells, the effector stage of the B cell compartment, secrete large amounts of antibody. These cells arise in two waves during T--‐dependent immune responses; an early wave (extrafollicular plasma cells) generate low--‐affinity antibodies that provide a first line of defence against invading pathogens. Later, plasma cells emerge from the germinal centre reaction and secrete high--‐affinity antibodies. These plasma cells have the capacity to migrate to the bone marrow, where they become established as long--‐lived, non--‐dividing plasma cells. Here, I show that plasma cells found in the bone marrow of young (5--‐week--‐old) mice had a turnover comparable to that seen in the spleen. Long--‐lived plasma cells accumulated over the ensuing weeks until they came to dominate the bone marrow plasma cell compartment by 30--‐weeks of age. This accumulation required MHC II, CD40 and a normal B cell receptor repertoire, implying that these cells are generated during T--‐dependent ...
JAIRO | Mucosal CXCR4+ IgG plasma cells contribute to the pathogenesis of human ulcerative colitis through FcγR-mediated CD14...
Mucosal CXCR4+ IgG plasma cells contribute to the pathogenesis of human ulcerative colitis through FcγR-mediated CD14 macrophage activation(要約)Mucosal CXCR4+ IgG plasma cells contribute to the pathogenesis of human ulcerative colitis through FcγR-mediated CD14 macrophage activation(要約) ...
SUMOylation of Blimp-1 is critical for plasma cell differentiation<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - SUMOylation of Blimp-1 is critical for plasma cell differentiation. AU - Ying, Hsia Yuan. AU - Su, Shin Tang. AU - Hsu, Pang Hung. AU - Chang, Che Chang. AU - Lin, I. Ying. AU - Tseng, Yu Hsuan. AU - Tsai, Ming Daw. AU - Shih, Hsiu Ming. AU - Lin, Kuo I.. PY - 2012/7. Y1 - 2012/7. N2 - Transcriptional repressor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) is a master regulator of plasma cell differentiation. Here we show that Blimp-1 is covalently modified by SUMO1 at lysine 816, a modification mediated by SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1. Mutation of Blimp-1 lysine 816 reduces transcriptional repression-correlating with a reduced interaction with a histone deacetylase, HDAC2-and impairs differentiation of antibody-secreting cells. Thus, the SUMO pathway critically regulates Blimp-1 function during plasma cell differentiation.. AB - Transcriptional repressor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) is a master regulator of plasma cell differentiation. Here we show that ...
Daratumumab for Relapsed or Refractory AL Amyloidosis with high Plasma Cell Burden | Read by QxMD
Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 antibody, is effective in AL amyloidosis with low tumor burden. Data of daratumumab treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis but high tumor burden (≥ 10% bone marrow plasma cells) is limited. We report retrospective data of ten consecutive patients with high tumor burden treated with daratumumab for relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis. The median age at diagnosis was 62.3 years, all patients had cardiac involvement, and six (60%) patients had renal involvement. Median bone marrow plasma cell infiltration was 15% (range 10%-40%), and the median difference between involved and non-involved free light-chains (dFLC) was 446 mg/L (range 102-1392 mg/L). Patients had a median of three prior lines of therapy, including bortezomib in all patients, and lenalidomide in seven (70%) patients. The median time to first hematological response was 14 days (range 7-28 days), and the median time to best hematological response was 64 days (range 7-301 days). The hematological overall ...
CD31 (JC70) expression in plasma cells: an immunohistochemical analysis of reactive and neoplastic plasma cells. | Journal of...
AIMS: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CD31 (JC70) in normal and neoplastic plasma cells. METHODS: Plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies and extramedullary locations were examined. All extramedullary biopsies were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. The bone marrow biopsies were fixed in formal acetic acid and embedded in paraffin wax. Twenty multiple myelomas (12 bone marrow and eight extramedullary deposits), 10 extramedullary plasmacytomas, and 30 biopsies with reactive plasma cells (10 bone marrow, 20 extramedullary biopsies) were stained with anti-CD31 (JC70) using the streptavidin-biotin detection system with diaminobenzidine as a chromogen. Antigen retrieval in bone marrow biopsies was achieved by pressure cooking. In all other biopsies, antigen retrieval was achieved by microwave pretreatment. RESULTS: All 20 extramedullary cases with reactive plasma cells showed intense membrane staining. Focal staining was detected in reactive plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies. ...
Induction of serum stimulation and plasma cell proliferation during chemotherapy of multiple myeloma | Blood | American Society...
Sequential sera from 45 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and from 6 patients with solid tumors but normal bone marrows who received cyclophosphamide, 15 mg/kg/day for 4 days, were assayed for their effects on tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation by normal bone marrow cells and malignant plasma cells. Pretreatment sera from 23 of the 45 patients with MM inhibited normal marrow cell proliferation relative to the effects of normal sera. Of these 45 sera, 30 inhibited plasma cell proliferation. This humoral inhibition was overcome by the induction of humoral stimulation at a predictable time during chemotherapy. The sera obtained sequentially from patients with MM and patients with normal bone marrows increased 3H-TdR uptake by both cell types by days 12-15 of therapy. Sequential changes in malignant marrow plasma cell 3H-TdR labeling indices paralleled the changes in serum activity, with an increased tumor cell growth fraction occurring at the time of peak serum stimulatory activity. The ...
Small is known about the role of mTOR signaling in plasma - HDAC Inhibition for the Disruption of Latent HIV-1 Infection
Small is known about the role of mTOR signaling in plasma cell differentiation and function. plasma cell differentiation. Introduction Early in humoral immune and autoimmune responses, antigen-responsive B cells undergo several rounds of cell division before giving rise to antibody-secreting plasma cells or germinal center (GC) B cells (1, 2). Soon after their generation in peripheral lymphoid tissues, plasma cells either die or migrate to the bone marrow (BM), where they may persist for extended periods as long-lived cells (3C5). Many long-lived plasma cells arise from GCs (6); however, long-lived GC-independent IgM-secreting plasma cells have also been described (7C10). GC-derived plasma cells may play an especially critical role in humoral autoimmunity, as autoantibodies in mice and in people often possess extensive evidence of somatic hypermutation (SHM) (11C15). However, despite the essential role played by long-lived plasma cells in immunity and autoimmunity, little is known about the ...
CD44 variant isoforms are involved in plasma cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells - edoc
Expression of CD44v9-containing isoforms (CD44v9) on myeloma plasma cells correlates with unfavorable prognosis, suggesting that CD44 variant molecules are involved in the disease process. In this study, the presence of CD44v on B cell lines from different stages of development was analyzed by flow cytometry and a role in adhesion to stromal cells from different tissues was evaluated in in vitro binding assays. CD44v3, v6 and v9 isoforms were exclusively expressed on plasma cell lines and CD44v9 expression correlated with IL-6-dependent plasma cell growth. Binding studies using CD44 isoform- specific reagents showed that CD44v6 and CD44v9 were involved in binding to bone marrow stromal cells, but not to in vitro synthesized ECM or hyaluronic acid. CD44v9-mediated plasma cell binding resulted in a significant induction of IL-6 secretion by bone marrow stromal cells. Large differences in quantitative plasma cell binding to stromal cells from different tissues were observed. These, however, could ...
Retracted: Bone marrow plasma cell ratio, is it must to evaluate before autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple...
Results: We found a statistically significant difference in the post-ASCT response rates between the patients with a pre-ASCT BMPC ratio ,5% vs BMPC ratio ≥5% (p:,0.001*). The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with BMPC ratio ,5% and ≥5% post-ASCT was found 24% and 25% (median PFS 11 months (95% CI; 6,68-15,31) vs 12 months (95% CI; 9,47-14,53)) respectively (p: 0.900). The 2-year overall survival (OS), was 67% and 63% (median OS 35 months (95% CI; 25,59-44,41) vs 40 months (95% CI; 27,52-52,47)) respectively (p: 0.341). ...
Appearance of Human Plasma Cells Following Differentiation of Human B Cells in NOD/SCID Mouse Spleen<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Appearance of Human Plasma Cells Following Differentiation of Human B Cells in NOD/SCID Mouse Spleen. AU - Kikuchi, Kentaro. AU - Lian, Zhe Xiong. AU - He, Xiaosong. AU - Ansari, Aftab A.. AU - Ishibashi, Miyuki. AU - Miyakawa, Hiroshi. AU - Shultz, Leonard D.. AU - Ikehara, Susumu. AU - Gershwin, M. Eric. PY - 2003/6. Y1 - 2003/6. N2 - Relatively little is known for the differentiation and maturation process of human B cells to plasma cells. This is particularly important in reconstitution work involving transfer of autoantibodies. To address this issue, we transplanted human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) directly into the spleen of irradiated NOD/SCID mice depleted of natural killer cell activity. Within 6 weeks, naïve B cells differentiated into memory B cells and, importantly, the numbers of human CD138+ plasma cells in spleen increased by 100 fold after transplantation. Plasma cell numbers correlated with the detection of human IgM and IgG in serum, indicating ...
SIgM-fcmr interactions regulate early b cell activation and plasma cell development after influenza virus infection<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - SIgM-fcmr interactions regulate early b cell activation and plasma cell development after influenza virus infection. AU - Nguyen, Trang T.T.. AU - Graf, Beth A.. AU - Randall, Troy D.. AU - Baumgarth, Nicole. PY - 2017/9/1. Y1 - 2017/9/1. N2 - Previous studies with mice lacking secreted IgM(sIgM) due to a deletion of the ms splice region (ms2/2) had shown sIgM involvement in normal B cell development and in support of maximal Ag-specific IgG responses. Because of the changes to B cell development, it remains unclear to which extent and how sIgM directly affects B cell responses. In this study, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of sIgM-mediated IgG response regulation during influenza virus infection. Generating mice with normally developed ms-deficient B cells, we demonstrate that sIgM supports IgG responses by enhancing early Ag-specific B cell expansion, not by altering B cell development. Lack of FcmR expression on B cells, but not lack of Fca/mR expression or ...
文章详细信息
摘要(Abstract): 目的探讨不明原因复发性流产(URSA)患者绒毛中滤泡辅助性T(follicular helper T,Tfh)细胞相关因子白介素-21(interleukin-21,IL-21)、趋化因子受体-5(CXC chemokine receptor-5,CXCR5)、B细胞淋巴瘤分子6(B cell lymphoma 6,Bcl-6)和B淋巴细胞诱导成熟蛋白1(B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1,Blimp-1)的表达部位和表达水平及其与URSA发病的免疫学机制。方法收集30例URSA患者(URSA组)和30例要求人工流产的正常早孕妇女(对照组)绒毛组织,采用免疫组织化学法检测IL-21、CXCR5、Bcl-6和Blimp-1的表达情况,采用Pearson相关系数分析4种因子之间的相关性。结果 URSA组绒毛组织中IL-21、CXCR5、Bcl-6和Blimp-1表达水平明显高于对照组( ...
Maintenance of Serological Memory by Polyclonal Activation of Human Memory B Cells | Science
Stimulation by antigen through the B cell receptor (BCR) followed by cognate T cell help drives proliferation and differentiation of antigen-specific naı̈ve B lymphocytes into memory B cells and plasma cells (1, 2). Memory B cells carrying somatically mutated immunoglobulin (Ig) genes survive in secondary lymphoid organs in the absence of antigen (3) and mediate secondary immune responses upon rechallenge. In contrast, plasma cells are terminally differentiated, nondividing cells that home to spleen and bone marrow and are the main source of antibody, which they secrete at a high rate. Mouse plasma cells can be long-lived and are able to sustain antibody production for several months in the absence of memory B cells or antigen (4, 5). However, it is less likely that long-lived plasma cells produced during an immune response will maintain a constant supply of specific antibody over a human life-span, because even long-lived plasma cells would eventually need to be replenished over a human ...
Long-Lived Plasma Cells from Human Small Intestine Biopsies Secrete Immunoglobulins for Many Weeks In Vitro | The Journal of...
In this study, we have identified IgA- and IgM-secreting plasma cells from the small intestine that survive in culture for several weeks. Importantly, this suggests that such plasma cells have the potential to be long-lived in vivo.. Ab-secreting cells in the lamina propria, as characterized by us and others, express CD138, CD38, and CD27 but not CD20 (3, 29, 30). We have recently found that the majority of these Ab-secreting cells express membrane IgA and IgM (3). It has also been observed that plasma cells in the lamina propria of the intestine do not proliferate (3, 25, 29). Thus, these cells have primarily a plasma cell-like phenotype.. Upon culture of human intestinal biopsies, either as a single-cell suspension or intact tissue, we observed that a significant proportion of the cells survived for at least 4 wk in vitro. The surviving cells coexpressed CD138 and CD27 and were Ki-67 negative, thus nonproliferating, which is consistent with the plasma cell phenotype. We observed both IgA- and ...
High affinity germinal center B cells are actively selected into the plasma cell compartment | Garvan Institute of Medical...
A hallmark of T cell-dependent immune responses is the progressive increase in the ability of serum antibodies to bind antigen and provide immune protection. Affinity maturation of the antibody response is thought to be connected with the preferential survival of germinal centre (GC) B cells that have acquired increased affinity for antigen via somatic hypermutation of their immunoglobulin genes. However, the mechanisms that drive affinity maturation remain obscure because of the difficulty in tracking the affinity-based selection of GC B cells and their differentiation into plasma cells. We describe a powerful new model that allows these processes to be followed as they occur in vivo. In contrast to evidence from in vitro systems, responding GC B cells do not undergo plasma cell differentiation stochastically. Rather, only GC B cells that have acquired high affinity for the immunizing antigen form plasma cells. Affinity maturation is therefore driven by a tightly controlled mechanism that ensures only
Julies Myeloma Moments, Musings and Living Life with a Bucket List : Rain, Radiation, Reality
Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas of the body. To learn more about how cancers start and spread, see What Is Cancer?. Multiple myeloma is a cancer formed by malignant plasma cells. Normal plasma cells are found in the bone marrow and are an important part of the immune system. The immune system is made up of several types of cells that work together to fight infections and other diseases. Lymphocytes (lymph cells) are the main cell type of the immune system. The major types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells. When B cells respond to an infection, they mature and change into plasma cells. Plasma cells make the antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) that help the body attack and kill germs. Lymphocytes are in many areas of the body, such as lymph nodes, the bone marrow, the intestines, and the bloodstream. Plasma cells, however, are mainly found in the bone marrow. Bone ...
Julies Myeloma Moments, Musings and Living Life with a Bucket List : November 2011
Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas of the body. To learn more about how cancers start and spread, see What Is Cancer?. Multiple myeloma is a cancer formed by malignant plasma cells. Normal plasma cells are found in the bone marrow and are an important part of the immune system. The immune system is made up of several types of cells that work together to fight infections and other diseases. Lymphocytes (lymph cells) are the main cell type of the immune system. The major types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells. When B cells respond to an infection, they mature and change into plasma cells. Plasma cells make the antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) that help the body attack and kill germs. Lymphocytes are in many areas of the body, such as lymph nodes, the bone marrow, the intestines, and the bloodstream. Plasma cells, however, are mainly found in the bone marrow. Bone ...
Multiple Sclerosis Research: EBV making Memory B cell
Upon EBV infection, mature human B cells become activated, grow and proliferate. In vivo, in the presence of T cells or T cell-derived factors, infected cells can enter the germinal centre and differentiate into memory B cells, the site of long-term EBV latency and persistence. However, it has not been established what happens if T cell help is unavailable (Th-ve). Usually in the absence of T cell help, antigen-activated B cells can enter the default plasma cell differentiation pathway, resulting in antibody-producing plasma cells. We suggest EBV has evolved to prevent default plasma cell differentiation, thus favouring latency in memory B cells, through specific repression of the plasma cell differentiation factors p18INK4c and B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (BLIMP-1), by the viral transcription factors EBNA3A and EBNA3C that act in vitro to support the activated B-blast population in establishing continuously proliferating lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Since the repression of ...
Putting J Chain Back on the Map: How Might Its Expression Define Plasma Cell Development? | The Journal of Immunology
Mammalian B cells are subdivided into three main lineages: B2 (follicular B cells), B1, and marginal zone B cells, based on developmental appearance, tissue localization, cell surface markers, BCR repertoires, and response to Ag. B1 cells, composed of B1a or B1b cells, are considered innate-like B cells (79), which differentiate early in development from a distinct B1 cell precursor, express a unique BCR repertoire (80-82), and, as plasma cells, can be induced to secrete natural Abs (83, 84). B1 cells are found in the peritoneal cavity and LP of the intestine and rarely in secondary lymphoid tissues. This unique, LP-associated localization of B1 cells marks these cells as important for the production of multimeric, J chain-associated Ig isotypes that are secreted into the lumen. J chain has been described as a marker of mucosal-targeted plasma cells (Fig. 2C, 2D), wherein the presence of J chain in some human IgD+ and IgG+ cells is explained by their mucosal-associated location ...
STUDIES ON ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELLS | JEM
Antibody-bearing cells of spleen and lymph node of the mouse and rabbit detected by rosette formation with the antigenic red blood cells were collected by micropipet and studied by electron microscopy. More than 300 such cells were examined. In the lymph nodes, rosette-forming cells were all in the lymphocytic and plasmacytic categories. In cells of the mouse spleen, macrophages were also found among the RFC, especially in the later days after immunization.. The great majority of the RFC, 70-100%, were of the lymphocytic category. These included small, medium, and large lymphocytes with fine gradations of differentiation, and blast forms with little heterochromatin. The endoplasmic reticulum of these cells occurred in short, very narrow pieces, usually in contact with a mitochondrion. The cells of the plasmacytic category also showed fine gradations from plasmablasts to typical mature plasma cells.. Plaque-forming cells of mouse and rabbit were also collected by micropipet. Of 162 such cells, ...
Long-lived plasma cells in human bone marrow can be either CD19+ or CD19- | Blood Advances | American Society of Hematology
Key Points. Long-lived plasma cells secreting vaccinia-specific antibodies are detected in human bone marrow |35 years after the eradication of smallpox.Lon
EMN17</span><span class=...
Inclusion:. 1.18 to 70 years of age, inclusive.. 2.Monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow ≥10% or presence of a biopsy proven plasmacytoma and documented multiple myeloma satisfying at least one of the calcium, renal, anemia, bone (CRAB) criteria or biomarkers of malignancy criteria:. CRAB criteria:. 1. Hypercalcemia: serum calcium ,0.25 mmol/L (,1 mg/dL) higher than upper limit of normal (ULN) or ,2.75 mmol/L (,11 mg/dL). 2. Renal insufficiency: creatinine clearance ,40mL/min or serum creatinine ,177 μmol/L (,2 mg/dL). 3. Anemia: hemoglobin ,2 g/dL below the lower limit of normal or hemoglobin ,10 g/dL. 4. Bone lesions: one or more osteolytic lesions on skeletal radiography, CT, or PET-CT. Biomarkers of Malignancy:. a. Clonal bone marrow plasma cell percentage ≥60%. b. Involved: uninvolved serum FLC ratio ≥100. c. ,1 focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. 3.Measurable disease as defined by any of the following:. a. Serum monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) level ...
Plasma cell, TEM - Stock Image P248/0339 - Science Photo Library
Plasma cell. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a plasma cell. Plasma cells are mature B lymphocytes (white blood cells) that produce and secrete antibodies during an immune response. The cells nucleus (brown) contains dense chromatin (yellow), a complex of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and proteins. In the cells cytoplasm (red) is an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER, pale green lines). RER manufactures, modifies and transports proteins, in this case antibodies. There are also a number of mitochondria (dark green, oval) in the cytoplasm, which provide the cell with energy. - Stock Image P248/0339
Plasma cell, TEM - Stock Image P248/0340 - Science Photo Library
Plasma cell. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a plasma cell. Plasma cells are mature B lymphocytes (white blood cells) that produce and secrete antibodies during an immune response. The cells nucleus (brown) contains dense chromatin (beige), a complex of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and proteins. In the cells cytoplasm (sea green) is an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER, pale green lines). RER manufactures, modifies and transports proteins, in this case antibodies. There are also a number of mitochondria (brown, oval) in the cytoplasm, which provide the cell with energy. - Stock Image P248/0340
Acquisition of a multifunctional IgA + plasma cell phenotype in the gut | Nature
IgA secreting plasma cells in the lamina propria are shown to be an important source of iNOS and TNF required to maintain the homeostatic balance between intestinal microbes and the immune system. The gut contains a vast number of bacteria that are essential for the health of the organism, but it is also a rich source of lymphocytes that exist to eliminate infections. How do lymphocytes restrain themselves from attacking beneficial bacteria, yet maintain their ability to respond to true pathogens? Fritz et al. show that as B cells differentiate into plasma cells in the gut, they adopt a phenotype reminiscent of innate immune cells - inflammatory monocytes - while maintaining their ability to produce immunoglobulin. The resulting immunoglobulin-A-secreting plasma cells in the lamina propria are shown to be the main source of the antimicrobial mediators tumour necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase, which are required to maintain the homeostatic balance between intestinal microbes and the
Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
The disease is classified as a subset of lymphoma and also has characteristics in common with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma.. Multiple myeloma is characterized by excessive growth (neoplastic proliferation) of plasma cells. Plasma cells are produced in the marrow and eventually enter the blood stream. They are a key component of the immune system and secrete a substance known as M-protein, a type of antibody. Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by the body to combat invading microorganisms, toxins, or other foreign substances. Overproduction of plasma cells in affected individuals results in abnormally high levels of these proteins in the body. In addition, excessive plasma cells may eventually mass together to form a tumor, known as a plasmacytoma, in various sites of the body, especially the bone marrow.. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in people over 50 years of age. It is characterized by fatigue, weight loss, repeated ...
MyD88 is required for the formation of long-term humoral immunity to v by Heath M. Guay, Tatyana A. Andreyeva et al.
Development of long-term humoral immunity is a major goal of vaccination, but the mechanisms involved in the formation of long-term Ab responses are still being determined. In this study, we identify a previously unknown requirement for MyD88, an adaptor molecule that mediates signals at most TLRs, for the generation of long-term humoral immunity during live virus infection. Polyoma virus-infected MyD88 knockout mice generated strong acute T cell-dependent antiviral IgM and IgG responses and developed germinal centers. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase, an enzyme required for isotype switching and somatic hypermutation, was also induced in germinal center B cells, similar to wild-type mice. However, MyD88 knockout mice failed to develop bone marrow plasma cells and did not maintain long-term serum antiviral Ab responses. The isotype distribution of antiviral IgG responses was also altered; serum IgG2a and IgG2b levels were diminished, whereas IgG1 responses were not affected. The requirement for
Characterization of Individual Human Antibodies That Bind Pertussis Toxin Stimulated by Acellular Immunization | Infection and...
Recent developments in immunoprofiling have provided unprecedented insight into antigen-specific antibody repertoires, facilitating identification of antibodies binding rare, neutralizing epitopes and design of immunogens to elicit neutralizing antibody responses. These technologies rely on isolation of donor antigen-specific B cells, from which the antibody variable region genes are sequenced, individually cloned, and expressed recombinantly for biochemical and in vitro characterization. The sequences of antibodies isolated from plasmablasts, precursors to the mature bone marrow plasma cells responsible for the bulk of the serum antibodies, correlate with those of serum antibodies observed by use of proteomics, indicating that these approaches identify the specific sequences present in the serum responsible for ELISA signals observed during serological analyses (35). These approaches have resulted in identification of antibodies neutralizing diseases, such as HIV and influenza, and have helped ...
DIGITAL.CSIC: Soluble and membrane levels of molecules involved in the interaction between clonal plasma cells and the...
Clonal plasma cells (PC) from different types of monoclonal gammopathies (MG) display distinct phenotypes consistent with an increased antigen-presentation and T-cell costimulation in MG of undetermined significance that deteriorates in malignant conditions. Expression of other cell surface and soluble molecules (e.g. adhesion/proliferation molecules) involved in the interaction between clonal PC and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has also been related to malignant PC, although the exact clinical significance of their expression remains largely unknown. Analysis of cell surface levels of several of these molecules in multiple myeloma (MM) patients shows an association between lower expression on BMPC of the HLA-I and β2-microglobulin antigen-presenting molecules, the CD126 and CD130 IL6 receptor (IL6R) chains, and CD38, and adverse prognostic features of the disease. Likewise, patients showing higher soluble levels of antigen-presenting molecules (HLA-I and β2-microglobulin), IL6R and ...
Plasma cell - Wikipedia
After the process of affinity maturation in germinal centers, plasma cells have an indeterminate lifespan, ranging from days to months. Recently they have been shown to reside for much longer periods in the bone marrow as long-lived plasma cells (LLPC). They secrete high levels of antibodies, ranging from hundreds to thousands of antibodies per second per cell.[5] Unlike their precursors, they cannot switch antibody classes, cannot act as antigen-presenting cells because they no longer display MHC-II, and do not take up antigen because they no longer display significant quantities of immunoglobulin on the cell surface.[4] However, continued exposure to antigen through those low levels of immunoglobulin is important, as it partly determines the cells lifespan.[4]. The lifespan, class of antibodies produced, and the location that the plasma cell moves to also depends on signals, such as cytokines, received from the T cell during differentiation.[6] Differentiation through a T cell-independent ...
Using Antigen-Specific B Cells to Combine Antibody and T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy | Cancer Immunology Research
Cancer immunotherapy by therapeutic activation of T cells has demonstrated clinical potential. Approaches include checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Here, we report the development of an alternative strategy for cellular immunotherapy that combines induction of a tumor-directed T-cell response and antibody secretion without the need for genetic engineering. CD40 ligand stimulation of murine tumor antigen-specific B cells, isolated by antigen-biotin tetramers, resulted in the development of an antigen-presenting phenotype and the induction of a tumor antigen-specific T-cell response. Differentiation of antigen-specific B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells was achieved by stimulation with IL21, IL4, anti-CD40, and the specific antigen. Combined treatment of tumor-bearing mice with antigen-specific CD40-activated B cells and antigen-specific plasma cells induced a therapeutic antitumor immune response resulting in remission of established tumors. Human CEA or ...
Monoclonal Antibodies - Academy of Health and Faculty of Applied Education for Woman
This technique consists of injecting the antigen of interest into a mouse and then taking, after a few weeks, the cells of the spleen. Among these cells are plasma cells secreting antibodies directed specifically against the chosen antigen. These plasma cells are fused with tumor cells called myeloma cells (immortal cells) thanks to the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) which induces membrane fusion and thus makes it possible to obtain hybridomas which have the capacity to multiply faster than normal body cells produce antibodies and develop specific antibodies indefinitely. The cells are then distributed in multiwell plates so that there is only one cell per well. In order to eliminate the plasma cells and the non-fused myeloma cells, a selective culture medium (HAT culture medium) will be used. Unfused plasma cells die quickly and the myeloma cells used which have a non-functional gene for an enzyme involved in the synthesis of nucleotides-hypoxanthine - guanine - phosphoribosyl - ...
Following the blueprint of plasma cells to design a yeast IgG factory</em>...
TY - THES. T1 - Following the blueprint of plasma cells to design a yeast IgG factory. AU - Koskela, Essi V.. PY - 2017. Y1 - 2017. N2 - IgG antibodies are powerful biotherapeutics that are used in the treatment of several severediseases, for example cancer and autoimmune diseases. Specialized cells in the human immunesystem, plasma cells, naturally produce antibodies with high efficiency. However, biotechnologicalproduction methods based on mammalian cell cultures remain inadequate and expensive. The expanding market of antibody biotherapeutics has spurred the aspiration to develop alternativeproduction methods. One potential platform for antibody production is the yeast Saccharomycescerevisiae, which has been successfully engineered to produce a range of products by utilizing the versatile genetic toolkit available for modifying this organism. Plasma cell differentiation depicts a comprehensive molecular model of cellular transformation into an efficient antibody factory, and this model ...
A case of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with highly plasma cell differentiation.<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A case of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with highly plasma cell differentiation.. AU - Doihara, Hiroyoshi. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. M3 - Article. SP - 1071. EP - 1075. JO - 4th international gastric cancer congress, international proceedingd division. JF - 4th international gastric cancer congress, international proceedingd division. ER - ...
IgM Plasma Cells Reside in Healthy Skin and Accumulate with Chronic Inflammation - Fingerprint - Penn State
Dive into the research topics of IgM Plasma Cells Reside in Healthy Skin and Accumulate with Chronic Inflammation. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
THD | THO III/4 EHA-TSH Hematology Tutorial on Plasma Cell Disorders Başarıyla Tamamlandı
Türk Hematoloji Okulunun üçüncü dönemi dördüncü kursu EHA-TSH Hematology Tutorial on Plasma Cell Disorders (excluding the classical multiple myeloma) 19-20 Mart 2016 tarihlerinde Kuşadasında düzenlendi.. Yurtdışı ve yurtiçinden değerli konuşmacıların katıldığı bu kurs, Avrupa Hematoloji Derneği ortaklığı ile gerçekleştirilen altıncı kurs oldu. ...
Palkia EX - Black & White 10: Plasma Blast - Pokemon | TrollAndToad
TrollandToad has a large selection of Pokemon Singles. View Palkia EX - 66/101 - Ultra Rare and other Black & White 10: Plasma Blast Singles at TrollandToad.com.
B-cell | Pathway Medicine
B-cells go through a variety of stages during their development which is discussed in B-cell Development. However, the major functionally important stages to be aware of are the final stages known as the Plasma Cell and Memory B Cell stages. Plasma Cells are B-cells specialized for high levels of antibody synthesis and secretion. Memory B Cells are quiescent antigen-sepecific cells which differentiate following a primary immune response to a particular microbe which can become rapidly activated to differentiate into Plasma Cells if the microbe if re-encountered. B-cells can also be classified based on the subtype of antibody which they secrete ...
www.BrandonPlewe.com: The Disease: Multiple Myeloma
Basically, plasma cells are present in abnormally large number in patients with myeloma. The cells accumulate in an uncontrolled manner and form tumors in the marrow. In consequence, the abnormal plasma cells also create large amounts of a single type of protein (monoclonal immunoglobulin or M Protein) which is then secreted into the blood. Normally, plasma cells create several types of proteins which are antibodies that protect the body. By contrast, the production of M protein does not protect the body against infection while at the same time, those healthy proteins arent being produced ...
How do tissue infiltrating B cells and plasma cells correlate with other inflammatory features in muscle tissue from patients...
Twenty-six patients with JDM (14 male, 12 female) were included in this study. 73% of biopsies (n=19) contained CD20+ B cells while only 26% of biopsies (n=7) contained CD138+ plasma cells. The score for CD20+ cells was strongly correlated with the score for CD3+ cells (r=0.81; p,0.0001) and the inflammatory domain score (r=0.87; p,0.0001). Among those biopsies that contained CD138+ plasma cells, the CD138+ score was correlated with the score for CD20+ cells (r=0.89; p=0.026), the score for CD3+ infiltrating cells (r=1.0; p,0.0001) and the inflammatory domain score (r=0.84; p=0.015). In most cases, B cells were co-localised with T cells especially at perivascular and endomysial regions but in some cases they were diffusely scattered. No specific patterns were observed for plasma cells which were found as individual scattered cells mainly in the perimysium. ...
Plasma Cell | Pathway Medicine
Like all lymphocytes plasma cells possess a large unlobulated nucleus, justifying their classification as Mononuclear Cells. To maintain their enormous synthetic and secretory activity, Plasma Cells possess an expanded Endoplasmic Reticulum. To accommodate this expanded organelle, Plasma Cells possess a more prominent cytosol than do most lymphocytes ...
Unlocking the key to an effective vaccine | Science Codex
A recent study by Monash University has looked at the role plasma cells and their longevity play in the effectiveness of vaccines in the body and suggests that components within vaccine design are the key.. In the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak, a lot of research is focussed on developing a vaccine. For a vaccine to be successful, it has to do two things. First, it must signal the body to generate a lot of plasma cells making anti-virus antibodies. Second, these plasma cells have to live and produce antibodies for years or even decades for the vaccination to succeed. However, the reality is that most of them only survive a few days. A recent study published in the journal Immunological Reviews, led by Professor David Tarlinton from Monash Central Clinical Schools Immune Memory Laboratory, suggests that components within vaccines can play a major role in aiding the lifespan of individual plasma cells. Understanding the processes involved in long-lived plasma cell formation will open up ways of ...
What is myeloma cancer? | Reference.com
Myeloma is a cancer that forms in the plasma cells, according to Cancer Research UK. Plasma cells are found in the bone marrow. It is also called multiple myeloma, due to the fact that it can grow...
Low-grade Epstein-Barr virus positive plasma cell proliferations of precursor plasma cell origin: Report of two cases<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Low-grade Epstein-Barr virus positive plasma cell proliferations of precursor plasma cell origin. T2 - Report of two cases. AU - Oaxaca, Gabriel G.. AU - Coffey, Amy M. AU - Gannon, Francis H.. AU - Szigeti, Reka. PY - 2017/7/30. Y1 - 2017/7/30. N2 - B cell lymphoproliferative disorders with plasmacytic differentiation are a spectrum of neoplasms arising from B cells in different stages of maturation, which include marginal zone lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, ALK-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and plasma cell neoplasms. Within this group, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is mostly linked to plasmablastic lymphoma and primary effusion lymphoma. EBV has only rarely been associated with the remaining entities and occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. We report two cases of EBV positive, mature appearing plasma cell proliferations without previously identified immunodeficiency. The proliferating plasma cells showed co-expression of ...
Induction of apoptosis in plasma cells by B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 knockdown - ARIZ Precision Medicine
B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) is a transcriptional repressor that plays an important role during plasmacytic differentiation and is expressed in normal and transformed plasma cells. We here investigated the importance of continuous Blimp-1 expression. We found that knockdown of Blimp-1 expression by lentiviral vector-delivered short hairpin RNA causes apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines and plasmacytoma cells$ indicating that continued expression of Blimp-1 is required for cell survival. ...
OPUS Würzburg | Search
Multiple myeloma is a bone marrow plasma cell tumor which is supported by the external growth factors APRIL and IL-6, among others. Recently, we identified eosinophils and megakaryocytes to be functional components of the micro-environmental niches of benign bone marrow plasma cells and to be important local sources of these cytokines. Here, we investigated whether eosinophils and megakaryocytes also support the growth of tumor plasma cells in the MOPC315. BM model for multiple myeloma. As it was shown for benign plasma cells and multiple myeloma cells, IL-6 and APRIL also supported MOPC315. BM cell growth in vitro, IL-5 had no effect. Depletion of eosinophils in vivo by IL-5 blockade led to a reduction of the early myeloma load. Consistent with this, myeloma growth in early stages was retarded in eosinophil-deficient Delta dblGATA-1 mice. Late myeloma stages were unaffected, possibly due to megakaryocytes compensating for the loss of eosinophils, since megakaryocytes were found to be in contact ...
Novel Analysis of Clonal Diversification in Blood B Cell and Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Clones in Immunoglobulin Light Chain...
Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) is characterized by a limited clonal expansion of plasma cells and amyloid formation. Here, we report restriction in the diversity of VL gene usage with a d
Disruption of heparan sulfate proteoglycan conformation perturbs B-cell maturation and APRIL-mediated plasma cell survival
The development and antigen-dependent differentiation of B lymphocytes are orchestrated by an array of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that require tight spatiotemporal regulation. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans specifically bind and regulate the bioavailability of soluble protein ligands, but their role in the immune system has remained largely unexplored. Modification of heparan sulfate by glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Glce) controls heparan sulfate-chain flexibility and thereby affects ligand binding. Here we show that Glce deficiency impairs B-cell maturation, resulting in decreased plasma cell numbers and immunoglobulin levels. We demonstrate that C5-epimerase modification of heparan sulfate is critical for binding of a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) and that Glce-deficient plasma cells fail to respond to APRIL-mediated survival signals. Our results identify heparan sulfate proteoglycans as novel players in B-cell maturation and differentiation and suggest that heparan sulfate ...
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of clonal plasma cells - CFTR Inhibitors for Treating Diarrheal Disease
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). of serum CD44 as a predictive biomarker of overall survival. These results support the analysis of EVs as an easily accessible source for MM biomarkers. Graphical Abstract INTRODUCTION Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by clonal plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM) and accounts for approximately 20,000 diagnoses and 10,000 deaths annually in the US [1,2]. MM cells are dependent on the BM microenvironment (BM stromal cells, macrophages etc) and create a network with surrounding cells [3-6]. These cells play a pivotal role in the regulation of MM cell survival and drug resistance by direct interactions through adhesion molecules causing cell adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) or soluble elements including supporting cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF) or exosomes (or extracellular vesicles; AMG-073 HCl EVs) [7,8]. EVs are membrane-covered cell pieces of ...
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of multiple myeloma (MM) is reported - ALK inhibitors are an attractive small-molecule...
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of multiple myeloma (MM) is reported to are likely involved in the biology of disease. MM and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance discovered that a lot of the validated MM BM personal miRNAs were considerably reduced in MM plasma cells. Gene appearance profiling indicated that multiple goals of the reduced miRNAs found elevated appearance in MM plasma cells, including ATF2, HRAS, HDAC4, TGFB1, TGFBR1, and mitogen-activated proteins kinases. The results claim that these miRNAs are detectable in aberrant amounts in the peripheral bloodstream of sufferers with plasma cell proliferation and Atractylodin manufacture could are likely involved in aberrant plasma cell proliferation and disease development. Multiple myeloma (MM) is normally a malignant plasma cell (Computer) neoplasm that evolves from an root asymptomatic precursor clonal Computer proliferation specified monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). MGUS exists in >3% of ...
Robert Kyle, M.D.: Multiple Myeloma Pioneer | Discoverys Edge
Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells. People with the condition have an increase of abnormal plasma cells (myeloma cells) in their bone marrow, monoclonal protein in their blood and, often, osteolytic bone lesions. As the disease progresses, symptoms of anemia, fatigue, weakness, fractures, bone pain, increased blood calcium, kidney problems, recurrent infections and bleeding are common. The median survival rate is three to four years. The American Cancer Society estimates 20,000 people are diagnosed with multiple myeloma in the U.S. each year.. People with MGUS do not have symptoms associated with multiple myeloma. The disorder is diagnosed by laboratory tests that indicate an increase in M proteins in the blood and elevated bone marrow plasma cells.. I recognized the importance of a having a laboratory that could identify the type of protein and be able to distinguish monoclonal from polyclonal proteins, says Dr. Kyle. I visited the National Institutes of Health and Columbia ...
Severe Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Smoldering Plasma Cell Myeloma: An Autopsy Case of POEMS Syndrome
The POEMS syndrome (coined to refer to polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes) is a rare variant of plasma cell disorders with multiple systemic manifestations. Recently, pulmonary hypertension (PH) has become established as a complication, but pathological studies of this condition are scarce and the detailed pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. We present herein a case of a 49-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having idiopathic PH and was treated in accordance. However, she eventually died of respiratory failure and an autopsy revealed the presence of smoldering plasma cell myeloma and multiple organomegaly in addition to severe PH. The latter was attributed to stenosis and occlusion of the arterioles of the lungs due to marked plasma cell proliferation, quite different from the histology of idiopathic PH. From these findings, together with the clinical details, we concluded that the patient’s PH was a complication of the POEMS syndrome. This case showed a
NewYork-Presbyterian/Queens - Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is cancer that affects certain white blood cells called plasma cells. It represents about 1 percent of all cancers in the United States, and about 22,000 Americans are diagnosed with it each year.. Plasma cells, and other white blood cells, are part of the immune system. Plasma cells produce antibodies--immune system proteins that assist the body in ridding itself of harmful substances. Each plasma cell responds to one specific substance by producing one kind of antibody. The body has many types of plasma cells, and, therefore, can respond to many types of substances.. When cancer occurs, the body overproduces plasma cells, which are abnormal and alike. These abnormal plasma cells are called myeloma cells.. Myeloma cells collect in the bone marrow and the outer layer of the bone. Because the cells begin in the blood plasma, myeloma is not a bone cancer, but is cancer that affects bones.. ...
NewYork-Presbyterian/Queens - Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is cancer that affects certain white blood cells called plasma cells. It represents about 1 percent of all cancers in the United States, and about 22,000 Americans are diagnosed with it each year.. Plasma cells, and other white blood cells, are part of the immune system. Plasma cells produce antibodies--immune system proteins that assist the body in ridding itself of harmful substances. Each plasma cell responds to one specific substance by producing one kind of antibody. The body has many types of plasma cells, and, therefore, can respond to many types of substances.. When cancer occurs, the body overproduces plasma cells, which are abnormal and alike. These abnormal plasma cells are called myeloma cells.. Myeloma cells collect in the bone marrow and the outer layer of the bone. Because the cells begin in the blood plasma, myeloma is not a bone cancer, but is cancer that affects bones.. ...
Paper: Curative Strategy for High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma (GEM-CESAR): Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (KRd) As...
Introduction: Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic plasma cell disorder that includes patients with different risk of progression to Multiple Myeloma (MM). The Spanish Myeloma Group demonstrated that early treatment with Rd versus observation in SMM at high risk (HR) of progression resulted into a significant benefit in terms of progression to MM and overall survival. Our next step was to design this phase 2 trial with the potential goal of cure, defined by a sustained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity for at least 5 years (yr). Methods: In this phase 2 single-arm trial, 90 SMM patients (pts) at high-risk of progression (,50% at 2 yr), younger than 70 yr and transplant candidates were included. The HR was defined by the presence of both bone marrow plasma cells (PCs)≥ 10% and serum M-protein ≥3g/dL (Mayo) or if only one criterion was present, patients must have a proportion of aberrant PCs within the total PCs bone marrow compartment by immunophenotyping of 95% plus ...
Immunoparesis in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma patients - Forskning - Rigshospitalet
Immunoparesis (hypogammaglobulinemia) is associated to an unfavorable prognosis in newly diagnosed Multiple myeloma (MM) patients. However, this finding has not been validated in an unselected population-based cohort. We analyzed 2558 newly diagnosed MM patients in the Danish Multiple Myeloma Registry representing the entire MM population in Denmark from 2005-2013. Two-thousand two hundred and fifty three patients (90%) presented with reduction below lower normal levels of at least one uninvolved immunoglobulin. Using multivariable Cox regression we found that high age, high ISS score, high LDH and IgA MM were associated to both shorter overall survival and progression free survival. Furthermore, bone marrow plasma cell % was associated to short progression free survival. Immunoparesis had no independent significant effect on OS (HR 0.9 (95%CI: 0.7;1.0; p = 0.12)). Likewise, the number of suppressed immunoglobulins or the relative degree of suppressed uninvolved immunoglobulins from lower normal ...
CD99 Antibody, anti-human - Hybridomas - MACS Antibodies - Products - Miltenyi Biotec - Österreich
Clone 3B2/TA8 recognizes the human CD99 antigen, a 32 kDa type I single chain transmembrane sialoglycoprotein which is also known as E2 antigen or MIC2. The expression level of CD99 is particularly high in thymocytes, T cells, T cell leukemias and lymphomas, subsets of mature plasma cells in the medullary cord of reactive lymph nodes, pancreatic islet cells, granulosa cells of the ovary, Sertoli cells of the testes, but absent on granulocytes. It is involved in T cell-adhesion processes and in spontaneous rosette formation with erythrocytes. CD99 plays a role in a late step of leukocyte extravasation helping leukocytes to overcome the endothelial basement membrane and it acts at the same site as, but independently of, PECAM1. - Österreich
Genevisible - Top 10 tissues for 1555273 at
Top 10 tissues for 1555273_at (Homo sapiens, Affymetrix Probeset): bone marrow plasma cell, plasma cell, orbital adipose tissue, lacrimal gland, liver-infiltrating lymphocyte, spinal cord neuron (unspecified), pars reticulata, tonsillar CD8 resting T-cell (unspecified), Brodmann area 10, lateral thalamic nucleus
Plasma cell satellitism in plasma cell myeloma [6]<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Plasma cell satellitism in plasma cell myeloma [6]. AU - Dimov, N. D.. AU - Zynger, D. L.. AU - Peterson, L. C.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2006/9. Y1 - 2006/9. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33748857788&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33748857788&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1136/jcp.2005.034710. DO - 10.1136/jcp.2005.034710. M3 - Letter. C2 - 16935984. AN - SCOPUS:33748857788. VL - 59. SP - 1003. JO - Molecular pathology : MP. JF - Molecular pathology : MP. SN - 0021-9746. IS - 9. ER - ...
MULTIPLE MYELOMA OR KAHLERS DISEASE: BONE CANCER - Health Blog
Multiple myeloma, a bone cancer. This disease is one of bone cancers. It is caused by a malignant proliferation of plasma cells (or plasma cells). Plasma cells are blood cells that specialize in the manufacture of antibodies. Produced in excess and abnormally shaped, they invade the bone marrow and tend to take the place of healthy blood cells. In parallel, plasma cells secrete substances that are gradually causing a destruction of bone tissue. For antibodies (proteins M), being produced by abnormal cells, they are ineffective, which increases the risk of infection. In addition, more difficult to remove, they tire more kidneys.. Multiple myeloma is a rare cancer. Multiple myeloma usually develops in people older than 60 years. Its causes remain unknown to date. It is most often discovered as a result of bone pain and unexplained rebels, fractures, recurrent infections, anemia, etc.. Without treatment, myeloma continues to evolve, increasing bone breakdown and increases the risk of fracture ...
The BTB-ZF transcription factor Zbtb20 is driven by Irf4 to promote plasma cell differentiation and longevity | JEM
Terminal B cell differentiation is a complex process currently modeled upon the actions of a small number of master regulators, and the gaps in our understanding are clear. Insight into the mechanism of differentiation, both its initiation and its full execution, is advanced with the identification of each new contributing factor.. Here, we identify Zbtb20 as a new mediator of B cell differentiation specifically expressed in B1 and GC B cells and ASCs. Zbtb20 is a BTB-ZF transcription factor, and other members of the family have been shown to be active within the B cell lineage (Chevrier and Corcoran, 2014). For instance, early B lineage commitment is mediated by LRF, Bcl6, and Miz-1 (Maeda et al., 2007; Duy et al., 2010; Kosan et al., 2010), MZ B cell differentiation is controlled by LRF (Sakurai et al., 2011), and the GC reaction is driven by Bcl6 and LRF (Fukuda et al., 1997; Sakurai et al., 2011). Finally, Zbtb32 has been associated with plasma cell differentiation (Yoon et al., ...
Search Results for ACTH, Signs and Symptoms, Serum osmolality, Eosinophilia | EDM Case Reports
A 76-year-old man had a hypopituitarism including adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadism and hypothyroidism. Based on various findings including the swelling of the pituitary gland, increase of serum IgG4 level and abundant IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration in immunostaining of the pituitary gland, we diagnosed this subject as IgG4-related hypophysitis. In general, a high-dose glucocorticoid treatment is effective for IgG4-related disease. His clinical symptom, laboratory data and adrenal insufficiency were almost improved without any therapy. The serum IgG4 level was decreased and pituitary size was normalized with hydrocortisone as physiological replacement. This case report provides the possibility that IgG4 level is decreased spontaneously or with physiological dose of glucocorticoid therapy. ...
Additional Evidence Shows Thalomid® Improves Survival in Elderly with Multiple Myeloma
According to results recently presented at the 2007 annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology, additional evidence confirms that the addition of Thalomid® (thalidomide) to Alkeran® (melphalan) and prednisone improves survival in elderly patients with multiple myeloma.. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the blood that affects the plasma cells. Plasma cells are an important part of the immune system because they produce antibodies to help fight infection and disease.. Multiple myeloma is characterized by an excess production of abnormal plasma cells. Symptoms include increased risk of bacterial infections and impaired immune responses. Because patients whose cancer has returned following prior therapy are typically considered incurable, treatment is aimed at extending survival as well as maintaining quality of life.. Standard therapy for multiple myeloma is determined by several factors; these include the stage (extent of spread) of disease, patient age, and the existence of other ...
Human Basophils Modulate Plasma Cell Differentiation and Maturation | Meta
Basophils represent ,1% of circulating leukocytes. They play a crucial role during allergy and helminth-induced Th2 responses. However, recent data also suggest a contribution to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Basophils from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus show an activated phenotype, correlating to disease activity. Furthermore, murine basophils or their mediators enhance memory responses and plasma cell (PC) survival, suggesting that they directly modulate the function of B cells. This is highly relevant with respect to human allergy and autoimmunity because a possible modulation of B cell differentiation by basophils could point to new therapeutic targets. Therefore, the interaction between human B cells and basophils and the mechanism underlying this interaction were investigated in detail. Using two different methods to induce PC differentiation, we found that human basophils enhance B cell proliferation, class switching, differentiation into PC, maturation of PC, and ...
Multiple Myeloma Cancer Awareness Month
Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells. Normal plasma cells are found in the bone marrow and are an important part of the immune system. The immune system is made up of several types of cells that work together to fight infections and other diseases.
Caris Life Sciences Presents Key Findings Related to Plasma Cell Disorders - Business - Press Releases | NBC News
IRVING, Texas, Dec. 3, 2010 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Caris Life Sciences, Inc., a leading biosciences company focused on enabling precise and personalized healthcare through the highest quality anatomic pathology, molecular profiling, and blood-based diagnostic services, announced that Dr. Raul Braylan, Hematopathologist and Clinical Medical Director of Hematopathology Services, will present key findings related to plasma cell disorders at the upcoming 52nd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Society of Hematology. Dr. Braylan will present data validating the clinical utility of Caris approach to flow cytometric analysis in the routine diagnostic evaluation of patients with plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma.
Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Plasma (Newly Diagnosed/Untreated) | Creative Bioarray
If you use this products in your scientific publication, it should be cited in the publication as: Creative Bioarray cat no. If your paper has been published, please click here to submit the Pub Med ID of your paper to get a coupon. ...
Memory B cells are reactivated in subcapsular proliferative foci of lymph nodes | Garvan Institute of Medical Research
Vaccine-induced immunity depends on the generation of memory B cells (MBC). However, where and how MBCs are reactivated to make neutralising antibodies remain unknown. Here we show that MBCs are prepositioned in a subcapsular niche in lymph nodes where, upon reactivation by antigen, they rapidly proliferate and differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells in the subcapsular proliferative foci (SPF). This novel structure is enriched for signals provided by T follicular helper cells and antigen-presenting subcapsular sinus macrophages. Compared with contemporaneous secondary germinal centres, SPF have distinct single-cell molecular signature, cell migration pattern and plasma cell output. Moreover, SPF are found both in human and mouse lymph nodes, suggesting that they are conserved throughout mammalian evolution. Our data thus reveal that SPF is a seat of immunological memory that may be exploited to rapidly mobilise secondary antibody responses and improve vaccine efficacy.
epathologies Observation
The infiltrate is characterized by residual reactive (x40) lymphoid follicles (x100 - x200) surrounded by pale staining cuffs of tumour cells. Reactive germinal centres with distinct mantle zones are commonly found in early lesions but may become colonized by tumour cells as the disease progresses (x400). The interfollicular infiltrate is composed of small to medium-sized, centrocyte- like or monocytoid cells with slightly irregular nuclei, moderately dispersed chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli and a rim of pale cytoplasm. Variable numbers of lymphoplasmacytoid cells and plasma cells are typically present at the periphery of the infiltrates or in the subepidermal area. Intranuclear PAS positive pseudoinclusions (Dutcher bodies), are commonly found, particularly in plasma cell rich forms of MZL. Diffuse infiltrates almost completely consisting of monocytoid cells, lymphoepithelial lesions (absence, EMA)with infiltration of sweat glands and the presence of very immature plasma cells should raise ...
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma | Canadian Cancer Society
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma cells have characteristics of both lymphocytes and plasma cells. Learn about lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
ICD-10 Code: C90.12 - Plasma cell leukemia in relapse
Plasma cell leukemia revealing a G6PD deficiency | Blood Journal
A 54-year-old man of Greek origin presented with bone pain, headache, and epistaxis. Laboratory evaluation showed anemia (5.4 g/dL), thrombocytopenia (30 × 109/L), neutropenia (1.18 × 109/L), and immunoglobulin G λ paraprotein (68 g/L). Blood smear examination (panels A-D; original magnification ×500; May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain) demonstrated 27% atypical plasma cells (panel A), leading to the diagnosis of primary plasma cell leukemia. Initial red blood cell transfusion increased the hemoglobin (Hb) level (7.9 g/dL). Three days later, the Hb level was 4.7 g/dL with reticulocytes of 35.7 × 109/L (2.3%). Blood smear examination revealed the appearance of red blood cell so-called hemighosts (panels B-D, arrows [B]). These atypical red blood cells in which the Hb is confined to 1 side of the erythrocyte highly suggested hemolytic anemia due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Hemolysis was confirmed by the decrease of haptoglobin (,0.10 g/L) and cotrimoxazole was identified ...
Plus it
We have recently demonstrated that the CD40 molecule was expressed on both normal human plasma cells and most malignant plasma cells, i.e., myeloma cells. Thus, we have investigated its putative role in the proliferation of myeloma cells. We report that 7 of 15 myeloma cell lines were CD40+ but only one, XG2, presented a high level of CD40 expression. We show that the CD40 stimulation by anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) of the interleukin 6-dependent myeloma cell line XG2 induced a total inhibition of its proliferation. This inhibition was also observed when cells were either cultured in the CD40 system, where the anti-CD40 mAb has been immobilized on fibroblasts expressing Fc receptors or in the presence of a soluble chimeric CD40 ligand molecule. This inhibition of proliferation was neither accompanied by differentiation nor apoptosis. Triggering CD40 induced an homotypic aggregation of XG2 cells, and the inhibition of proliferation was totally prevented by a blocking anti-CD18 mAb. ...
Plasma Cell Leukemia | Conditions | UAMS Health
Primary PCL is rare, with an estimated 1 per million of the general population diagnosed each year. Secondary PCL occurs in one to four out of 100 cases of myeloma and is becoming more common as myeloma patients are living longer.. As with myeloma, PCL is more common in African Americans than in Caucasians and is slightly more common in men than in women. As new insights and knowledge about the biology of myeloma and PCL are gained, it may be possible to determine which myeloma patients are at increased risk for developing PCL.. The causes of PCL are similar to those of myeloma. A series of genetic alterations during the development of a plasma cell may to lead to the cells uncontrolled growth. However, what triggers these alterations is not fully known. Risk factors, such as age and exposure to industrial and environmental elements, are thought to play important roles.. ...
Immunological function of Blimp-1 in dendritic cells and relevance to by S. J. Kim
Previous studies have identified the immunological functions of transcription factor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) in various adaptive immune cell types such as T and B lymphocytes. More recently, it has been shown that Blimp-1 extends its functional roles to dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, two cell types belonging to the innate immune system. The protein acts as a direct and indirect regulator of target genes by recruiting chromatin modification factors and by regulating microRNA expression, respectively. In DCs, Blimp-1 has been identified as one of the components involved in antigen presentation. Genome-wide association studies identified polymorphisms associated with multiple autoimmune diseases such as system lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease in PRDM1, the gene encoding Blimp-1 protein. In this review, we will discuss the immune regulatory functions of Blimp-1 in DCs with a main focus on the tolerogenic mechanisms of Blimp-1
Follicular B helper T cell activity is confined to CXCR5(hi)ICOS(hi) CD4 T cells and is independent of CD57 expression
The generation of high-affinity antibody-secreting plasma cells critically depends on the presence of CD4 T cells during the germinal center (GC) reaction. GC T cells are so far incompletely characterized in terms of phenotype and function. Here, we show that human follicular B helper T (T(FH)) cell …
The incidence of IgG4-positive plasma cells staining TIN in patients with biopsy-proven tubulointerstitial nephritis | Journal...
Contributors My coauthors have all contributed to this manuscript and approved this submission. KM was the primary investigator who was responsible for designing the study, reviewing the literature and histological slides, and drafting the manuscript. XJW was responsible for retrieving paraffin blocks and immune peroxidase staining of all histology slides. JM was responsible for generating the biopsy database. KH was responsible for the literature review and drafting the manuscript. MS was responsible for supervising the project and drafting the manuscript. JY was responsible for supervising and reviewing all the histopathology slides and assisted with any histopathological related questions. AM was the main supervisor of this project who also designed the study, reviewed the literature, reviewed histopathology slides and finalised the manuscript. ...
Cytogenetics Archives - Genoptix.com
Cytogenetic abnormalities commonly associated with multiple myeloma (MM) are detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Probes for CKS1B-CDKN2C (1p32.3/1q21.3), 5q (5q-/-5/+5), 13q (13q-/-13), IGH (14q32.3), and TP53 (17p13.1) are included in the Myeloma Reflex FISH Profile (Enriched). If IGH positive, Genoptix will reflex to IGH/FGFR3 t(4;14), IGH/CCND1 t(11;14), IGH/MAF t(14;16) and IGH/MAFB t(14;20). Plasma cells are enriched from patients specimen using immunomagnetic enrichment technology with CD138 antibody.. ...
Differentiation-associated redox-regulation in human B cell lines from stem cell/pro-B to plasma cell
Redox-regulation of receptors and transcription factors are important for lymphocyte activation, differentiation and apoptosis. Thioredoxin (Trx) is a key redox-regulating protein and oxidative stress sensor operating in synergy with Trx-reductase and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). The expression of Trx, PDI, and the Trx-regulated transcription-factor Pax5 were analyzed in a panel of human B cell lines and were compared with that of the Bcl-2 family proteins, also redox-controlled. The panel included representative cells from various stages: FLEB14-4 (pro-B), REH and NALM-6 (pre-B), Rael and Daudi (small mature B), U-698 and NC0467.3 (B-blasts), LP-1, U-1996, and U-266 (plasma cells). We found a significant congruence and co-variation of Trx and Bcl-2 levels in the B-lineage, with high expression levels in early stages (pro-B and pre-B) and in the late stage representing terminally-differentiated plasma cells, whereas mid-stage small resting B cells showed a very low expression. PDI ...
Epstein-Barr virus persistence and infection of autoreactive plasma cells in synovial lymphoid structures in rheumatoid...
Results EBV dysregulation was observed exclusively in ELS+ RA but not osteoarthritis (OA) synovia, as revealed by presence of EBV latent (LMP2A, EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)) transcripts, EBER+ cells and immunoreactivity for EBV latent (LMP1, LMP2A) and lytic (BFRF1) antigens in ELS-associated B cells and plasma cells, respectively. Importantly, a large proportion of ACPA-producing plasma cells surrounding synovial germinal centres were infected with EBV. Furthermore, ELS-containing RA synovia transplanted into SCID mice supported production of ACPA and anti-VCP1/VCP2 antibodies. Analysis of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell localisation and granzyme B expression suggests that EBV persistence in ELS-containing synovia may be favoured by exclusion of CD8+ T cells from B-cell follicles and impaired CD8-mediated cytotoxicity.. ...
Classification and Clinical Manifestations of Lymphocyte and Plasma Cell Disorders | Williams Hematology, 9e | AccessHemOnc |...
Lymphocyte and plasma cell disorders can be classified into three major groups (Table 78-1). The first group, listed under primary disorders, is composed of lymphocyte disorders caused by intrinsic defects in lymphoid cells that result in functional abnormalities of marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes, thymic-derived (T) lymphocytes, combined T and B (impaired humoral and cellular immunity), or natural killer (NK) cells. These disorders primarily result from inborn errors in lymphocyte metabolism (Chaps. 73 to 77 and 80) and/or receptor-ligand expression (Chaps. 17 and 80). The second group, listed under acquired disorders, consists of disorders caused by factors extrinsic to lymphocytes resulting in immune dysfunction. These conditions most commonly result from infection with viruses, or other cellular pathogens (Chaps. 79, 81, and 82), but they also may be caused by bacteria, drugs or systemic disease of nonlymphoid cells. The third group of diseases is composed of preneoplastic and neoplastic ...
Classification and Clinical Manifestations of Polyclonal Lymphocyte and Plasma Cell Disorders | Williams Manual of Hematology,...
Polyclonal lymphocyte and plasma cell disorders can be classified into two major groups: primary disorders and acquired disorders. See Table 48-1.. - Primary disorders result from defects intrinsic to B lymphocytes (eg, X-linked agammaglobulinemia), T lymphocytes (eg, congenital thymic aplasia), and/or natural killer cells, the latter usually coupled with a B- or T-cell deficiency (eg, interleukin-7 receptor α-chain deficiency) (see Chap. 50).. - Acquired disorders result from physiologic or pathophysiologic responses to extrinsic factors, usually infectious agents (eg, Epstein-Barr virus or human immunodeficiency virus infection) (see Chaps. 51 and 52). ...
The White Cell. | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Doctor Clines book is an elegant one, with wide, easily read columns of print, an abundance of electron micrographs and figures, and an extensive bibliography. He has written a textbook of hematology limited to the white blood cells and their disorders, and it invites comparison, in both style and content, with Wintrobes Clinical Hematology. Granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells are discussed with respect to their composition, characteristics, and function, their related clinical disorders, and the present management of these disorders. The style is descriptive, with limited discussion of techniques or controversial areas. A number of topics, particularly the disease ...
Hematologic Oncology
Hematologic oncology is determination, treatment and anticipation of blood diseases (hematology) and cancer (oncology) and research into them. Hematologic oncology incorporates such diseases as iron inadequacy anemia, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, the thalassemia, leukemia and lymphomas, and in addition to these there are cancers of different organs. Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues or hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues are tumors that influence the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. Plasma cell dyscrasias are scatters of the plasma cells. Plasma cell dyscrasias are created because of strange multiplication of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that might possibly discharge recognizable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin part (Para protein or M protein). Interminable lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a sort of tumor of the blood and bone marrow - the supple tissue inside bones where platelets are made. Myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative ...
Relation between duration of smoking cessation and bronchial inflammation in COPD | Thorax
This study aimed to determine whether the inflammatory cell profile in the bronchial mucosa is different between current smokers and ex-smokers with COPD, and whether this profile is influenced by duration of smoking cessation. Ex-smokers had higher numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and plasma cells, whereas the numbers of neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells, and CD8+ cells were not different from current smokers. Interestingly, short term smoking cessation (below the median value of our cohort, that is ,3.5 years) was associated with higher numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes whereas long term smoking cessation (⩾3.5 years) was associated with higher plasma cell numbers and lower CD8/CD3 ratios. These results indicate that the number of bronchial T lymphocytes and plasma cells in patients with COPD is related to current smoking status and the duration of smoking cessation.. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare bronchial inflammation in current and ex-smokers within a ...
Allergy Positive Plasma | AbBaltis
If you need Allergy Positive Plasma or Off-The-Clot Serum for assay development, AbBaltis can help. Our samples are tested for multiple allergies using market-leading line blot tests as well as Phadia ImmunoCAP system.. Please find some of the examples of allergy positive plasma we can provide, or view specific products on the list underneath:. Food IgG Positive (Sensitivity). Multiple Specific IgE Positive. Inhalant IgE Positive. Food IgE Positive (Allergy). Insect Venom IgE Positive. Occupational IgE Positive. Antibiotic IgE Positive. ...
Diseases associated to Multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma, also known as plasma cell myeloma or Kahlers disease, is a type of abnormal growth of plasma cells collected in the bone marrow where they grow and multiple to interfere with the production of normal blood cells. Paraprotein, an abnormal antibody produced by the plasma cell myeloma not only can cause kidney problem …. ...
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Angiogenesis has been postulated to be critical for the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), a neoplastic disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Cleavage of the N- and C-terminal regions of circulating chromogranin A (CgA, CHGA), classically an anti-angiogenic protein, can activate latent anti- and pro-angiogenic sites, respectively. In this study, we investigated the distribution of CgA-derived polypeptides in MM patients and the subsequent implications for disease progression. We show that the ratio of pro-/anti-angiogenic forms of CgA is altered in MM patients compared with healthy subjects, and that this ratio is higher in BM plasma compared with peripheral plasma, suggesting enhanced local cleavage of the CgA C-terminal region. Enhanced cleavage correlated with increased VEGF and FGF2 BM plasma levels and BM microvascular density. Using the Vk*MYC mouse model of MM, we further demonstrate that exogenously administered CgA was ...