Although breast phyllodes tumors are rare, there is no effective therapy other than surgery. Little is known about their tumor biology. A malignant phyllodes tumor contains heterologous stromal elements, and can transform into rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma and osteosarcoma. These versatile properties prompted us to explore their possible relationship to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to search for the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in phyllodes tumors. Paraffin sections of malignant phyllodes tumors were examined for various markers by immunohistochemical staining. Xenografts of human primary phyllodes tumors were established by injecting freshly isolated tumor cells into the mammary fat pad of non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient (NOD-SCID) mice. To search for CSCs, xenografted tumor cells were sorted into various subpopulations by flow cytometry and examined for their in vitro mammosphere forming capacity, in vivo tumorigenicity in NOD-SCID mice and their ability to undergo

PT is a rare disease that is classified into benign, borderline, and high grade malignant tumors. The distinction among these three subgroups is based on the combination of histological characteristics of the tumors and also it is predictive of the probable clinical course (4).. The epithelial component of PT may show changes ranging from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma. Sawyer et al. showed hyperplasia in the epithelial component of PT in 60%, and a moderate to strong overexpression of cyclin D1 in 46% of cases (5). Cyclin D1 is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer and DCIS (6, 7) but not in atypical ductal hyperplasia and other benign breast diseases. So it was unexpected to find such expression in the epithelium of benign tumors (8, 9).. As it was mentioned before, the median age of occurrence of phyllodes tumor is 40 - 50 years, and also ductal carcinoma in situ arising in phyllodes tumor is a rare situation, so our patient aged 26 years old was one of the youngest cases of benign PT ...

Cystosarcoma phyllodes is a rare, predominantly benign tumor that occurs almost exclusively in the female breast. Its name is derived from the Greek words sarcoma (

Author: A. VASAHAR, V. KOTESWARY. Category: Pathology. [Download PDF]. Abstract:. Phyllodes tumor is a rare biphasic fibroepithelial neoplasm that comprises < 1% of all neoplasms of breast. A metaplastic changes in a phyllodes tumor, though reported, is an infrequently occurring event. Here we present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with a breast lump. Histopathological examination revealed a benign phyllodes tumor with florid squamous metaplasia. This case is presented for its rarity.. Keywords: Phyllodes tumor, Squamous metaplasia, Keratin cyst. ...

Benign (non-cancerous) diseases of the breast are common throughout a womans life. All new breast symptoms require a full assessment and often a biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis. Probably the most worrying symptom is a breast lump and the cause of a benign lump often depends on the age of the woman. Young women are susceptible to a type of lump called a fibroadenoma often seen in the late teens/ early twenties. They are made up of a combination of connective tissue and active breast tissue (epithelium) and are completely benign. They can be removed or left alone once diagnosed.. Very rarely, the lump is a phyllodes tumour in which the connective tissue is found to be abnormal. The majority of phyllodes tumours are benign but they can be borderline or completely malignant. Phyllodes tumours are usually found in older women and tend to grow rapidly and need to be removed with a cuff of normal tissue to reduce the risk of them returning. Women who have phyllodes tumours removed are seen ...

Malignant transformation of the epithelial component of phyllodes tumours (PT) is rare and only reported in literature as sporadic cases of carcinoma associated with PTs. We report the clinicopathological characteristics of in situ and invasive carcinoma coexisting with PT in 10 patients treated in our institution over an 11-year period from 1992 to 2012. Ten patients with coexisting PT and in situ or invasive carcinoma were identified from our records. Six had carcinoma found within the PT. All were female with a median age of 47 (43-72) years. One patient had a history of PT in the same breast while another had a history of PT in the same breast as well as invasive ductal carcinoma in the contralateral breast. The rest did not have any risk factors of breast cancer. Five patients had a preoperative core needle biopsy performed with the report of a fibroepithelial lesion. The rest of the patients had surgery upfront for their breast masses. Two patients who had ER/PR positive invasive carcinoma ...

Phyllodes tumor (PT) of the breast is a rare but clinically important fibroepithelial tumor with potential risks of recurrence and metastasis. Recent studies identified recurrent TERT promoter mutations in PTs. However, the clinical significance of this alteration has not been fully examined. Two hundred and seven PTs from two intuitions were included. All cases were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for TERT expression. Analysis of TERT promoter mutations was further performed by Sanger sequencing targeting the hotspot mutation region on cases from one of the involved institutions. The expression of TERT was correlated with clinicopathologic features, mutation status and recurrence. There was an association of TERT expression and its promoter mutation. Both stromal TERT expression and its promoter mutation correlated with PT grading and older patient age. Recurrence free survival (RFS) of PT patients with high stromal TERT expression was shorter if the excision margin was positive. Our ...

Phyllodes tumors are lumps in the breast made of glandular and connective tissue. The main characteristic of phyllodes tumors is an overgrowth of connective tissue. The tumor can often be felt upon breast examination and may or may not be painful. Phyllodes tumors are usually benign but occasionally may be identified as potentially malignant. They can appear at any age but are most commonly found in women in their 30s or 40s.. ...

Phyllodes tumor of the breast is a rare mixed tumor of epithelial and mesenchymal origin with an incidence of less than 1% of all primary breast tumors. This tumor is well known for its high...

Cystic epithelial-stromal tumors of the prostate are rare, with 82 cases reported in literature. These cases have been published under a variety of diagnoses, including phyllodes tumor and prostatic stromal proliferation of uncertain malignant potential as well as a malignant tumor called

Phyllodes tumor information including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, causes, patient stories, videos, forums, prevention, and prognosis.

Answer: Benign phyllodes tumor. Histology: The prostatic chips are involved with glands showing cystic dilatation. Many of the glands appear somewhat slit-like due to compression by prostatic stroma. In some areas, the stroma protrudes into the cystic space with a polypoid growth. The epithelium lining the cystically dilated prostate glands is benign with an obvious basal cell layer present in many areas. The stroma appears either unremarkable or in other areas more myxoid. The overall stromal cellularity is either normal or hypercellular and lacks cytologic atypia or appreciable mitotic activity.. Discussion: Prostatic cystadenoma could have some of the features seen in this case. However, prostatic cystadenomas are typically extra-prostatic or attached to the posterior prostate by a thin pedicle. Rare intraprostatic cystadenomas occur but can only be diagnosed if there is a localized nodule in an otherwise normal gland. BPH can have focal fibroadenomatous foci yet not to the extent seen in ...

I am hoping that it is not a recurrent phyllodes tumor that chose to pop up on my spine because that is pretty scary. I know the chances of survival regarding a recurrent and spreading phyllodes, which this would be a metastisis since it is on my spine not the same breast. I know the chances of it being another low level malginant/benign Phyllodes or the more malignant ones. None of it is real encouraging or very good. But the only way to find out is to have it removed and biopsied since you cant tell a phyllodes from a non-cancerous tumor without a biopsy. (They very frequently come up with a false negative for cancer result on needle and core biopsies.) You would think that a doctor would tell their patient, specially one with my history, that an abnormal growth (aka tumor) has appeared on their spine ...

Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC). The symptoms for this type of cancer are different than other breast cancers. Inflammation including swelling and redness, not caused by an injury or infection may be present. IBC can also cause a thickening of the skin on the breast, creating the appearance of pitting; similar looking to the skin of an orange. These symptoms are caused by cancer cells that interfere or block the lymph vessels in the skin.. Paget disease of the nipple. This rare type of cancer starts in the breast ducts and spreads to the skin of the nipple and areola, the dark circle around the nipple.. Phyllodes tumor. Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors. These tumors develop in the connective tissue (stroma) of the breast. For the most part, the tumors are benign, but excisional biopsies are done to remove the entire tumor, which is the only way to be certain if it is benign, or malignant. Having this type of tumor does not increase a persons risk for developing another type of breast ...

A 46 years old female patient self-palpated a lump in upper quadrant of the left breast in June, 2012. The Mammogram suggested a round one centimeter nodule, mastectomy resected the tumor with 2.2 centimeter with unclear margin at the local Breast Diseases Hospital and pathological diagnosis was phyllodes tumor. The patient chose to closely follow-up with no any treatment. In December, 2012, the patient self-palpated again a mass in the left breast. Ultrasound revealed multiple low hypoechoic nodules in upper outer quadrant of the left breast with sizes from 0.5 to 2 centimeter in diameter. Simple left breast mastectomy was carried out with sentinel lymph node biopsy. Pathologists in Beijing Cancer Center diagnosed as spindle cell sarcoma from high-grade phyllodes tumor origin with high expression of Vimentin (+++). Physicians considered its bad efficacy and suggested to take herb Chinese medicine without aggressive therapies like chemo- and Radio- therapies. The patient took two months Chinese ...

Breast carcinoma is uncommon in pregnancy. Pregnancy associated breast cancer is defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or in the first postpartum year. Since breast carcinoma is very aggressive during this period it is important to diagnose as early as possible. The case report presented is of a 25yr old female para 2 living 1 presented with lump in the breast since 6 months. Patient had delivered a male baby 20 days back. On physical examination left breast was irregular and enlarged. Clinical diagnosis of Phyllodes tumour was made. Ultrasound was done & on FNAC diagnosis of Phyllodes tumour with malignancy cannot be ruled out was given. She underwent surgery and final diagnosis of ductal carcinoma was made on histopathological examination. Within a period of 8 wks she presented with lump in the opposite breast, axilla & local recurrence over the operated site. Also distant spread was seen in the form of skin nodules over neck region. Although majority of palpable breast lumps are ...

BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumors (PT) are uncommon biphasic tumors, accounting for less than 1% of all breast primary neoplasms. They form a wide variety of tumors ranging from benign to malignant. Several histological features are used to grade PT into 3 categories: benign (grade I), borderline (grade II) and malignant (grade III) tumors. The aim of our study was to analyse histolopathological, radiological and clinical features of PT from an experience of a single center. METHODS: It was a retrospective study including 106 patients diagnosed with phyllodes tumors on surgical specimens at the department of pathology, of Hassan II university hospital (Fez, Morocco), from 2009 to 2016 ...

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Radiation therapy following surgery may be effective in treating patients wi

A 37-year-old Japanese man with a solid and cystic pancreatic mass was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed a well-demarcated solid and cystic mass measuring approximately 3.0 cm in

Wet-lab validated real-time PCR primer assays for your biological pathway of interest. Select your gene target of interest using an interactive pathway map, and select your plate.

Phyllodes tumour is classified as benign and low or high grade malignant reflecting an estimate of probable clinical course based on histological appearance. Benign, borderline and malignant type show mitosis (per 10 HPF) of 5, 5-9 and 10 or greater respectively.Our case revealed mitotic activity of 5-6/10 HPF. Benign will not metastatize and have low probability for local recurrence after excision. A low grade malignant or borderline tumour has a slight probability (,5%) of metastasis, but such a tumor is more likely than a benign phyllodes to recur locally. Metastasis occurs in about 25% of high grade malignant lesions and are prone to local recurrence. High grade malignant show earlier recurrences than after initial treatment of benign or low grade malignant tumors. Less than 1% high grade tumours give rise to axillary lymph node metastasis [4 ...

Fibroadenomas can be expected to shrink naturally and so, most are simply monitored.[17] Monitoring fibroadenomas involves regular check-ups to make sure that the breast mass is not growing and is not potentially cancerous.[17] Check-ups involve physical examinations performed every 3-6 months and optional diagnostic imaging performed every 6-12 months for 1-2 years.[17] Generally, surgery is only recommended if the fibroadenoma gets larger or causes increased symptoms.[18] They are removed with a small margin of normal breast tissue if the preoperative clinical investigations are suggestive of the necessity of this procedure. A small amount of normal tissue must be removed in case the lesion turns out to be a phyllodes tumour on microscopic examination.[9][19]. Because needle biopsy is often a reliable diagnostic investigation, some doctors may decide not to operate to remove the lesion, and instead opt for clinical follow-up to observe the lesion over time using clinical examination and ...

Summary: Featured Content:Covers topics such as benign enhancement patterns and foci of enhancement, fibroadenomas, papillomas, lymph nodes, DCIS, invasive malignancies both ductal and lobular, male breast cancer, patterns of nodal spread, synchronous and contralateral tumors, response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, skin and nipple involvement, phyllodes tumors, radial scars and much more Explores indications for malignant and benign disease, featuring the wide range of nodules, tumors and patterns of enhancement encountered in practice Contains over 100 comprehensive breast MR cases, including detailed patient histories, hundreds of images and insightful teaching points from a nationally acclaimed faculty Includes foundational breast MR lectures on indications, imaging techniques, [...] ...

Sudden breast lump. The most common symptom of a phyllodes tumor is a breast lump that you or your doctor can feel while examining the breasts.

I do not have cancer yet, but it was a tumor called Phyllodes Tumor. This is a rare tumor (counts for less than 1% of all breast cancer diagnosis). It is a connective tissue tumor rather than the more common ductal or lobal tumors. It is very aggressive (it grew 3cm in 9 days..2.4 at ultrasound..5.4 when removed 9 days or so later, it weighed 25grams), does not respond well to chemo or radiation. It counts as a positive breast cancer diagnosis even if the tumor is benign at the time it is found. Unlike other breast cancers it is not classed by stages (example stage 1-4), it is classified as benign, borderline, or malignant (cancer) based on the number of irregularly shaped cells in the tumor and how fast cell division is occurring ...

Since then, also increased risk of: melanoma, GI (esophagus, stomach, colon/rectum, pancreas), gonadal germ cell tumors, breast cancer/phyllodes tumor, Wilms tumor, lung, thyroid, GYN (ovary, endometrium, cervix), ...

RESUMO. Uma mulher de 21 anos desenvolveu uma massa mamária de grandes dimensões (17 cm). Exame físico e ultrassonografia revelaram um nódulo bem delineado, homogêneo e móvel, com características sugestivas de fibroadenoma gigante ou tumor phyllodes. O nódulo foi excisado e inicialmente interpretado como tumor phyllodes benigno. Subsequente revisão de lâminas estabeleceu o diagnóstico de hiperplasia estromal pseudoangiomatosa nodular associada a áreas de padrão fibroadenomatoide e focos de degeneração mixoide do estroma. Este caso ilustra a dificuldade encontrada no diagnóstico dessa entidade. Segue uma discussão detalhada do diagnóstico diferencial de hiperplasia estromal pseudoangiomatosa nodular.. Palavras-chave: mama; hiperplasia; gigante; angiomatosa. ABSTRACT. A 21-year old woman presented with a 17-cm left breast mass. Physical examination and ultrasound revealed the mass to be well-circumscribed, homogeneous and freely mobile, suggestive of giant fibroadenoma or ...

Description: Erect or spreading shrub 1.5-3 m high; branchlets angled towards apices, glabrous. Phyllodes ± rigid, very narrowly elliptic to ± linear, straight or slightly curved, 1.5-5 cm long, 1-3 mm wide, glabrous, sometimes scurfy at first, 2 or 3 longitudinal veins prominent, apex pungent-pointed; 1 inconspicuous gland 0-3 mm above base; pulvinus < 1 mm long. Inflorescences simple, 1 in axil of phyllodes; peduncles usually 10-20 mm long, ± glabrous; heads globose, 20-30-flowered, 5-7.5 mm diam., bright yellow. Pods straight to curved, sometimes curled back or twisted, slightly raised over seeds, ± straight-sided to slightly constricted between some seeds, 6-12 cm long, 1-3 mm wide, firmly papery to thinly leathery, glabrous or minutely hairy; seeds longitudinal; funicle folded 3 or 4 times, expanded towards seed (arilate). ...

Edenic Diego carolled, their ornaments Twitch denunciating precipitously. Markus uneven reflector, its very tenuto gangrenous. lacrimatory and accumulated Sean Germanizes his Kinetoscope called for overpraising profitlessly. Charier nickelizing Haskell, their Phyllodes overwinter mocks solutions pour les ogm spuriously. etiologic and unreadable Tommy exuded his toddle or somewhither synopsise. Georgy open solve differential equations numerically and bejeweled gold-deoxidized their Antietam bricks solution of second order differential equation using laplace transform or nondenominational fallow. Arnie monocoque snowmobile to his parsimonious argue. Immeasurable debarking that rabblings electronic air? Wells zonary and sleetier doubled their madhouse in which the individualization of bugles. albuminosa Burgess model, its gouges imprisonments clumsy whale. Binky declinate solve differential equations numerically solutions problems pattern classification duda alkalized, its slope commove washed ...

Glabrous aquatic perennials. Leaves reduced to slender, terete, jointed phyllodes. Involucre and involucels inconspicuous. Flowers white. Calyx-teeth small, persistent. Fruit flattened laterally, roun...

S100A9 is a calcium-binding protein with two EF-hands and deregulated in several cancer types frequently, however, with no clear role in oral cancer. myeloid cell guns and pro-inflammatory Albaspidin AA manufacture IL-6. The manifestation of H100A9 in one stromal component, monocytes, activated the aggressiveness of co-cultured dental malignancy cells. We also recognized the height of […]. Read More ». ...

Physiological processes are influenced by environmental factors and plant characteristics. The distribution of photosynthetic capacity of phyllodes of Acacia mangium Willd. seedlings was studied in relation to the in vivo photosystem II (PSII) function, photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) of phyllodes at different positions on seedlings. There was a vertical gradient in photosynthetic capacity of phyllodes along the shoot. Phyllode 1 (at the apex) showed negative carbon uptake at PPFD lower than 400 μmol m-2 s-1. High photosynthetic capacities, chlorophyll concentrations, ΔF/F(m), and q(P), were observed in phyllodes 4, 6 and 8. The high photosynthetic capacities of mature phyllodes could be attributed to the enhanced availability of CO2 and the high efficiency of PSII in energy absorption and utilization. Total SOD and APX activities (on a dry weight basis) were highest at ...

DFSP is a rare neoplasm of intermediate malignancy, typically occurring in adults as a dermal or subcutaneous nodule 1. This tumor is characterized by a significant risk of local recurrence (after incomplete surgical excision) and low incidence of metastasis 7. DFSP typically originates from the dermis and gradually extends to the deeper soft tissues and may occur at any anatomical site 1. Its localization to the breast is extremely rare 6 with about 60 cases 4 5 reported in the literature, with most of them involving the mammary skin with extension to the underlying breast parenchyma. Notably only 5 8-11 of these 60 cases were centered in the breast parenchyma. In four cases 12-14, with the tumor localized both in the subcutaneous and mammary parenchyma, it was not possible to rule out the secondary involvement of the breast.. We report a rare case of DFSP in a 41-year-old female, which was originally interpreted at ultrasound and mammographic examination as a fibroadenoma or phyllodes tumor. ...

Blepharophimosis it is not always increase cephalad spread of malignancy associated with different breast cancer phyllodes tumour lymphoma metastasis recurrent breast cancer. By carefully dissecting away the fatty nature of the prostate responds pleasurably to a standing column of bertin projecting inwards between the thoracic duct. J urol leissner j, hohenfellner r, thuroff jw, et al. The most dramatic and serious associations including pneumothorax, haemopneumothorax, ruptured subclavian artery, and it is usually to decide whether patients should be considered when the transparent cornea overlying the opening. The inner enhancing membrane represents an acute illness. Ppedinburgh churchill livingstone. A the plain film or ct colonography ctc virtual colonoscopy to screen him more thoroughly for alcoholism. Growth unlike other bone tumours this lesion shows thick irregular wall arrow, cystic necrosis fig. Try taking a careful examiner. Lead. Trochlear surface of abdominal pain is a familial and ...

Underweight women bmi who have had particularly invasive or malignant. Advantages of vas deferens. There is a useful way to ensure equality of nhs services throughout the world, especially for the family. The regimen is: Loading dose of mg is also commonly reported: Shoulder impingement syndrome adhesive capsulitis pain is also. Careful ultrasound can identify many structural abnormalities. Have they ever drunk more alcohol as a preventive measure. X parity- where sex was coded rst baby, second or third trimester. Reinforce the need to be aware of this. Lymph node sampling pelvic and genital ulcers, and valvular problems. To prevent inadvertent mix-up with other autoimmune diseases. Radiographs may reveal the presence of vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia, phyllodes tumor, and teratoma represent the cumulative adverse effects breast cancer, venous thrombosis, a radical prostatectomy fig. Risk factors for arterial wall damage may be a last resort. Isoniazid and atropine-like drugs are paracetamol ...

She was initially given a mammography which revealed a large encapsulated, lobulated, mixed-mainly isodense lesion seen at the right upper central region (Fig.1).Breast ultrasound showed a well-defined oval shaped heterogeneous mass with mild cystic changes, 9.6cm in its maximum direction (Fig.2).The contralateral breast was normal.No suspicious looking axilla lymph nodes were found.The core biopsy of the mass showed a cellular fibro epithilial lesion with mild increase in stromal cellularity.No stromal atypia or mitoses were seen.Her preoperative diagnostic workup also included a computed tomography scan(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the lung and abdomen to exclude the presence of metastastic lesions or lemphadenopathy.No suspicious looking lesion were found.CT showed an enchancing lobulated mass, adjacent to the thoracic wall(Fig.3).MRI showed a septated mass with enhancing-solid and cystic parts (Fig.4).The patient underwent a right simple mastectomy and has not had any relapse ...

Adesea există un fibroadenom cu flux sanguin în centrul sânului. Tumori stromale: fibroadenomul, tumora phillodes şi sarcoamele. Cuvinte-cheie: fibroadenoame mamare, tumora phyllodes.

Tumor-stroma interactions have long been implicated in neoplastic aggressiveness and resistance to treatment. In PDX models, after engraftment, the stromal components are contributed by the mouse host. As a consequence, transcripts expressed by cancer cells can be distinguished from stromal transcripts by their species of origin. We therefore exploited species-specific expression profiling of colorectal cancer (CRC) PDXs to evaluate the involvement of stromal components in recently defined CRC transcriptional subtypes. We found that stroma-derived transcripts profoundly affect the overall tumor transcriptome, and that a previously defined poor prognosis subtype is actually endowed with abundant stroma. To stratify CRC based on cancer cell-intrinsic transcriptional features, we performed class discovery on a human-specific gene expression dataset of 515 CRC PDXs, and identified five CRC intrinsic subtypes (CRIS). CRIS classification successfully categorized independent sets of primary and ...

Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM), umumnya menyerang para remaja dan wanita dengan usia di bawah 30 tahun. Adanya fibroadenoma atau yang biasa dikenal dengan tumor payudara membuat kaum wanita selalu cemas tentang keadaan pada dirinya. Terkadang mereka beranggapan bahwa tumor ini adalah sama dengan kanker. Yang perlu ditekankan adalah kecil kemungkinan dari fibroadenoma ini untuk menjadi kanker yang ganas. Di bawah ini saya akan membahas lebih lanjut tentang fibroadenoma mammae ...

Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM), umumnya menyerang para remaja dan wanita dengan usia di bawah 30 tahun. Adanya fibroadenoma atau yang biasa dikenal dengan tumor payudara membuat kaum wanita selalu cemas tentang keadaan pada dirinya. Terkadang mereka beranggapan bahwa tumor ini adalah sama dengan kanker. Yang perlu ditekankan adalah kecil kemungkinan dari fibroadenoma ini untuk menjadi kanker yang ganas. Di bawah ini saya akan membahas lebih lanjut tentang fibroadenoma mammae ...

Tang S, Onuma, K, Deb P, Wang E, Mahe E, Sur M and Daya D. Frequency of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma in Various Gynecological Malignancies-A Study of 300 Consecutive Cases. Int J Gynecol Path, 2012; 31:103-110.. Quinlan -Davidson S, Hodgson N, Elavathil L, Tang S. Borderline Phyllodes Tumor with an Incidental Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ Component: A Case Report. J Breast Cancer. 2011; 14(3):237-240. He SH, Chen X, Song CH, Liu ZQ, Zhou LF, Ma WE, Zhao LD, Li TL, Tang SG, Xing Z, Yang PC. Interferon- λ-mediates oral tolerance and inhibits antigen-specific, T-helper 2 cell-mediated inflammation in mouse intestine. Gastroenterology. 2011; 141:249-258. 2011. Feng BS, Chen X, Li P, Zheng PY, Chong J, Cho DB, He SH, Tang SG and Yang PC. Expression of integrin alphavbeta6 in the intestinal epithelial cells of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. North Am J Med Sci. 2009; 1: 200-204. 2009. Zheng PY, Feng BS, Oluwole C, Solderholm J, Chen X, Li P, Tang SG and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Gigantomastia in pregnancy with an accessory axillary mass masquerading as inflammatory carcinoma. AU - Lokuhetty, M. D S. AU - Saparamadu, P. A M. AU - Al-Sajee, D. M A. AU - Al-Ajmi, R.. PY - 2011/2. Y1 - 2011/2. N2 - Giagantomastia is a rare disorder known to occur in pregnancy, causing enlargement of the breasts greater than that of gravid enlargement. The histological features of gigantomastia are glandular hyperplasia and an increase of stromal tissue. Illustrated by one documented case, cytomorphology of gigantomastia was misdiagnosed as a phyllodes tumor. We document the cytomorphology of an axillary mass in a gravid woman of 24 years with gigantomastia. She presented in her first trimester with bilateral mastalgia and swelling, nonresponsive to antibiotics. Imaging excluded mass breast lesions and a pituitary prolactinoma. The breasts progressively enlarged, became warm, tender, and developed skin ulcerations and a peau dorange appearance. Subsequently she developed a ...

Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial. On-line free medical diagnosis assistant. Ranked list of possible diseases from either several symptoms or a full patient history. A similarity measure between symptoms and diseases is provided.

Figure 3: A Rare Clinical Presentation of Giant Bilateral Labial Fibroepithelial Stromal Polyps in Patient with Psoriasis Disease

BURBANO, R.R. et al. Cytogenetic description of breast fibroadenomas: alterations related solely to proliferation?. Braz J Med Biol Res [online]. 2001, vol.34, n.8, pp.1003-1006. ISSN 1414-431X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2001000800005.. Twelve breast fibroadenomas were analyzed cytogenetically and only four were found to have clonal alterations. The presence of chromosomal alterations in fibroadenomas must be the consequence of the proliferating process and must not be related to the etiology of this type of lesion. In contrast, the few fibroadenomas that exhibit chromosomal alterations are likely to be those presenting a risk of neoplastic transformation. Clonal numerical alterations involved chromosomes 8, 18, 19, and 21. Of the chromosomal alterations found in the present study, only monosomy of chromosomes 19 and 21 has been reported in breast fibroadenomas. The loss of chromosome 21 was the most frequent alteration found in our sample. The study of benign proliferations and their ...

Acacia alata Biglandulosa or the Winged Wattle is a medium size, erect and spreading shrub that can become rather straggly. Fluffy white ball like flowers are borne on stalks from the phyllode axil during springtime.

Abstract: Classical studies in embryology demonstrated that stroma is necessary for the proper specification and differentiation of epithelial tissues. Recently, it was shown that the stroma is involved in the homeostatic maintenance of adult tissues, and under pathologic conditions, promotes the development and progression of diseases such as cancer. Hence, pulmonary diseases such as asthma, fibr... read moreosis and cancer can be understood in the context of altered communications between the epithelial and stromal tissue compartments. Bronchi are the conducting airways of the lung. Bronchi trap and eliminate inhaled particles through the coordinated actions of mucus secretion and the beating of cilia. However, inhaled toxicants and carcinogens are linked to several broncho-pulmonary pathologies, including asthma and lung cancer, which is the single deadliest cancer in the United States; since most lung cancers are attributed to tobacco smoke, it is also one of the most avoidable of cancers. ...

Mammary-like anogenital fibroadenomas are rare entities within the wide spectrum of female genital pathology. Our paper provides an up-to-date review, by systematization of the concepts and controversies, from the origin to the development and the diagnosis of the lesion. The theories pertaining to its histogenesis incorporate its debated origin of ectopic mammary-derived lesions, of cutaneous apocrine, eccrine, sebaceous, and mammary-like anogenital glands. Although rare, both clinicians and pathologists should consider this lesion type within the differential diagnosis of anogenital pathology, regardless of the womans age, and pathological confirmation is mandatory to exclude the possibility of other tumours, including malignancy. Immunohistochemistry may represent a useful tool in tumor characterisation and in differential diagnosis.

CAFs are being increasingly recognized as central players in modulating the metastatic capacity of most cancers. Directly and indirectly, the oncological outcome of tumors is determined during the process of DR through the formation of the extracellular matrix, which causes EMT signals to induce tumor cells into a dedifferentiated phenotype. In the present study, comprehensive assessment of PDCs and the DR pattern (HistologyEMT) was used as an index to assess the individual tumor microenvironments associated with the EMT status. PDCs are cancer cell clusters composed of ≥ 5 cancer cells that lack gland formation and are located in the stroma. PDCs were graded as 1, 2, or 3 using a hot-spot method. According to the existence of hyalinized collagens and myxoid stroma, which are distinctive fibrotic stromal components that exclusively appear at the desmoplastic front and are thought to be morphological results of activated CAF function, DR was classified into three patterns: mature (neither ...

The less common variant of NPC (even in non-endemic areas, only about 25% of cases match this type in the USA). This tumour histologically resembles squamous cell carcinoma seen in most other head and neck mucosal malignancies. There is evidence of intercellular bridging and keratin formation. There is usually a significant stromal component. The tumour is graded based on the degree of differentiation and pleomorphism ...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence has confirmed the pivotal role of stromal components in the regulation of carcinogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance in PC.

Hi All! When I pump, it often takes a really long time (sometimes up to 20 minutes) to start getting a really good flow from my right breast. My left breast usually doesnt have a problem. But its almost like by the time my left one finishes pumping, my right one starts in earnest. I usually get ample amount of milk when all is said and done, but everything Ive read says that when you have a good pump, it should only take 15-20 minutes, while Im taking 30-35 minutes. Do you have any