TY - JOUR. T1 - Preirradiation chemotherapy for very young children with brain tumors. AU - Jeng, Mei Jy. AU - Chang, Te Kau. AU - Wong, Tai-Tong. AU - Hsien, Yuh Lin. AU - Tang, Ran Bin. AU - Hwang, Betau. PY - 1993/6/1. Y1 - 1993/6/1. N2 - Standard management of malignant brain tumors includes either surgical resection alone or surgery followed by irradiation. However, neuroaxis irradiation administered to very young children for primary intracranial tumors is often associated with major late side effects. To delay irradiation and evaluate the efficacy of preirradiation chemotherapy, we treated 9 young children (aged less than 3 years), who had newly diagnosed brain tumors and underwent total or subtotal resection, with a combination of chemotherapy including vinblastine, cisplatin, and etoposide every 3-4 weeks for 6-14 courses between 1988 and 1992. There were malignat gliomas in four patients, medulloblastomas in three, and ependymomas in two. A response to preirradiation chemotherapy ...

Nitrogen and nitrogen-carbon dioxide gas mixtures were excited by 1.5 MeV protons from a Van De Graaff generator. Intensity versus pressure data were recorded and plotted for the first negative (lamda=3914.4A) and for the second positive (lamda=3371.3A) transitions of molecular nitrogen. With the use of theoretical equations and the experimental data the reaction rates, k, and collisional de-excitation cross sections were calculated. (Author)(*NITROGEN

TY - JOUR. T1 - Feasibility and efficacy of preirradiation chemotherapy for pediatric brain tumors. AU - Horowitz, M. E.. AU - Kun, L. E.. AU - Mulhern, R. K.. AU - Kovnar, E. H.. AU - Sanford, R. A.. AU - Hockenberger, B. M.. AU - Greeson, F. L.. AU - Langston, J. W.. AU - Fairclough, D. L.. AU - Jenkins, J. J.. PY - 1988/1/1. Y1 - 1988/1/1. N2 - Preirradiation chemotherapy is a potentially important component of combined treatment for brain tumors; however, concerns over its side effects and antitumor activity have impeded its evaluation in clinical trials. To determine the feasibility of administering such therapy to children, we assessed the responses of 38 brain tumor patients (median age, 2 years) to 12 weeks of combination chemotherapy given after surgical resection but before irradiation. Transient myelosuppression was noted in all patients, but was not associated with infections or complications of surgical wounds. The ability of the patients to perform activities of daily life, as ...

View Notes - 38-pldevresponmod from BIOL V04 at Ventura College. Plant Developmental Responses Phototropism positive Gravitropism positive negative Thigmotropism Old Fig. 36.11 Sun rising over

Appropriate leaf positioning is essential for optimizing photosynthesis and plant growth. However, it has not been elucidated how green leaves reach and maintain their position for capturing light. We show here the regulation of leaf positioning under blue light stimuli. When 1-week-old Arabidopsis seedlings grown under white light were transferred to red light (25 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) for 5 d, new petioles that appeared were almost horizontal and their leaves were curled and slanted downward. However, when a weak blue light from above (0.1 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) was superimposed on red light, the new petioles grew obliquely upward and the leaves were flat and horizontal. The leaf positioning required both phototropin1 (phot1) and nonphototropic hypocotyl 3 (NPH3), and resulted in enhanced plant growth. In an nph3 mutant, neither optimal leaf positioning nor leaf flattening by blue light was found, and blue light-induced growth enhancement was drastically reduced. When blue light was increased from 0.1

Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: ACOR) today announced additional data from its second Phase 3 clinical trial of Fampridine-SR (MS-F204) on walking ability in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) at the late breaking news session of the World Congress on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, being held in Montreal, Canada. Previously, the Company announced the trial met its primary endpoint with a significantly greater proportion of people taking Fampridine-SR having a consistent improvement in walking speed compared to people taking placebo (42.9% vs. 9.3%), as measured by the Timed 25-Foot Walk (p less than 0.001). The study also met its secondary outcome measure, leg strength, showing a statistically significant increase in the Fampridine-SR Timed Walk responders compared to placebo (p = 0.028). New findings and information presented at the meeting from the study included: -- The response rate for Fampridine-SR treated patients was higher than placebo across all MS subtypes. Response ...

Sun flowers have a type of phototropic response called heliotropism (sun turning); the leaves and flower heads of young sunflowers follow the sun and their orientation therefore changes from east to west during the day.[7] The moments becomes a circadian response, if the plants are rotated 180 degrees, the old response pattern is followed for a few days with leaf orientation changing from west the east instead.[8] The leaf and flower bud phototropism occurs while the leaf petioles and stems are still actively growing and once mature the movements stop. The moment occurs as the petioles bend during the day and at night they unbend.[9]. ...

Extra info for Biochemistry and Physiology of Plant Hormones. Example text. And, in fact, to suggest that any kind of plant hormone is a specific organ-forming substance is misleading in view of our present knowledge that each kind of hormone influences mUltiple developmental processes. The discovery of auxins was the outcome of ~xperiments on phototropism and, to a lesser extent, geotropism. Charles Darwin, better known generally for his theory of evolution, was the first investigator in the field of auxinology. Darwin was interested in plant movements, especially phototropism, and his observations, published in 1880 in a delightful book entitled The Power of Movement in Plants, led ultimately to the definitive discovery of auxin. Synthesis of new proteins using preformed mRNA (translational control); and 4. activation of preexisting enzymes (posttranslational control). Another mode of control which has been demonstrated in some animal and primitive plant systems but which has not yet been ...

Three different methods of measuring the proliferative capacity of transplanted mouse bone marrow were used to study the effects of preirradiation of the recipient. Recipient mice were exposed to 700 R and given graded numbers of syngeneic bone marrow. 7 days were allowed for proliferation of these cells, and then the granulocytic or erythrocytic progeny was measured. The former was determined by the response to endotoxin, and the latter by the incorporation of radioactive iron into newly formed red blood cells. Erythropoiesis, therefore, could be measured independently from granulopoiesis by these techniques. The third method used was the spleen colony method of Till and McCulloch (5).. Recipient animals exposed to 150 R preirradiation, 7 days before 700 R and bone marrow transplantation, demonstrated an increase in erythropoiesis with a concommittant decrease in granulopoiesis compared to similar recipients not preirradiated. The spleen colony technique showed that while the number of colonies ...

High-density microelectrode arrays (HDMEA) have been recently introduced to study principles of neural function at high spatial resolution. However, the exact nature of the experimentally observed extracellular action potentials (EAPs) is still incompletely understood. The soma, axon and dendrites of a neuron can all exhibit regenerative action potentials that could be sensed with HDMEA electrodes. Here, we investigate the contribution of distinct neuronal sources of activity in HDMEA recordings from low-density neuronal cultures. We recorded EAPs with HDMEAs having 11,011 electrodes and then fixed and immunostained the cultures with β3-tubulin for high-resolution fluorescence imaging. Immunofluorescence images overlaid with the activity maps showed EAPs both at neuronal somata and distal neurites. Neuritic EAPs had mostly narrow triphasic shapes, consisting of a positive, a pronounced negative peak and a second positive peak. EAPs near somata had wide monophasic or biphasic shapes with a main negative

Study is Second Positive Phase III Trial of Rituxan Plus Chemotherapy in Most Common Adult Leukemia. SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif. & CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Genentech, Inc. (NYSE:DNA) and Biogen Idec (Nasdaq:BIIB) today announced that a global Phase III study of Rituxan® (rituximab) in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy met its primary endpoint of improving progression-free survival (PFS), as assessed by investigators, in patients with previously treated CD20-positive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared to chemotherapy alone. There were no new or unexpected safety signals reported in the study. An independent review of the primary endpoint is being conducted for U.S. regulatory purposes.. Data from the study, REACH, will be submitted for presentation at a future medical meeting. Earlier this year, another European Phase III study, CLL-8, showed a similar treatment combination improved PFS in patients with CLL who had not previously received ...

AstraZeneca today announced that the PEGASUS-TIMI 54 study, a large scale outcomes trial involving over 21,000 patients, successfully met its primary efficacy endpoint. The study assessed BRILINTA® (ticagrelor) tablets at either 60mg twice daily or 90mg twice daily plus low-dose aspirin for the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients who had experienced a heart attack one to three years prior to study start. The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.. Preliminary analysis did not reveal any unexpected safety issues. Full evaluation of data is ongoing.. Elisabeth Björk, Vice President, Head of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca,said: We are very pleased with the top line results of the PEGASUS-TIMI 54 study, the second positive major outcomes study in the PARTHENON programme. The results build on existing understanding of the benefits of BRILINTA for patients ...

If the amount of sunlight is greater on one side of the plant, the phototropins trigger reactions that will cause the redistribution of auxin by efflux pumps to the dark side of the plant. High concentrations of auxins cause cells on the shaded side of the cell to swell and elongate. When auxin binds to a receptor in the nucleus , this activates a proton pump. The proton pump moves H+ ions into spaces in the cell wall, decreasing the pH. This results in the breaking of the hydrogen bonds between cellulose fibres, resulting in the swelling and elongation of these cells. As the cells elongate and swell on one side of the plant the stem starts to curve towards the light source because of this uneven growth. The plant now is growing towards the light source (phototropism ...

A Carolina Exclusive! Grades 9-12. Students observe plant responses including phototropism, gravitropism, and nastic movement. Effective inquiry-based learning techniques help students explore photosynthesis and respiration, after which they design and perform their own scientific investigations.

Some of the earliest research on hormones involved plants. In the 1870s, English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and his son Francis (1848-1925) studied the effect of light on plant growth. They discovered that plants tend to grow towards a source of light. They called the process phototropism. The reason for this effect was not discovered for another half century. Then, in the 1920s, Dutch-American botanist Frits Went (1863-1935) discovered the presence of certain compounds that control the growth of plant tips toward light. Went named those compounds auxins. Auxins are formed in the green tips of growing plants, in root tips, and on the shaded side of growing shoots. They alter the rate at which various cells in the plant grow so that it always bends towards the light. ...

SECTION 1 CELLS AND MOLECULES OF LIFE. Chapter 1 Molecules of life. Chapter 2 Cellular organization. Chapter 3 Movement of substances across cell membrane. Chapter 4 Cell cycle and division. Chapter 5 Metabolism and enzymes. Chapter 6 Photosynthesis. Chapter 7 Respiration. SECTION 2 ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT. Chapter 8 Essential life processes in plants. Chapter 9 Nutrition in humans. Chapter 10 Gas exchange in humans. Chapter 11 Transport in humans. Chapter 12 Reproduction in bacteria and flowering plants. Chapter 13 Reproduction in humans. Chapter 14 Growth and development. SECTION 3 INTERACTING WITH THE ENVIRONMENT. Chapter 15 Stimuli and receptors. Chapter 16 Phototropism. Chapter 17 Nervous and hormonal coordination in humans. Chapter 18 Movement in humans. Chapter 19 Homeostasis. Chapter 20 Ecosystems. SECTION 4 HEALTH AND DISEASES. Chapter 21 Health and diseases. Chapter 22 Body defence mechanism. SECTION 5 GENETICS AND EVOLUTION. Chapter 23 Basic genetics. Chapter 24 Molecular ...

What is a stream of consciousness? This presupposes that one knows what consciousness is, and how it differs from the unconscious, and from self-consciousness. Briefly, consciousness means an awareness of something, most broadly your environment. In this sense, even plants are conscious, as shown by the phenomenon of phototropism. Self-consciousness, by contrast, denotes not just…. ...

When teaching phototropism or any other reason to grow plants from seeds, this can be linked to the reuse of everyday items which would normally be disposed of. For example the plastic trays which mushrooms come in can be used to hold the compost (addition of some holes to allow drainage will be needed). Similarly the…

To Show That Starch Is Made During Photosynthesis, Conditions Necessary for Germination of Seeds, Phototropism, Diffusion, osmosis

The Ministry of Health announced today (Friday, March 27) that a man has tested positive for COVID-19. The man in his 50s had travelled to Gisborne from the United States and had been in self-isolation since returning to New Zealand. He was one ...

Just wanted to say thanks to everyone for all of the PF advice. I was able to use some of it and its helped with my recovery (8 months!). Just wanted to add my 2 cents for anyone who might stumble across these comments that are based on my experiences with PF:. I was able to heal quickly from my first bout 2 summers ago by resting and stretching when I ended up with PF in my left foot. The second time around has proved to be extremely frustrating and nearly caused me to hang up my running shoes for good. I tried everything including the night splint, wearing shoes all the time, ice, golf ball etc. I finally went to a chiropractor who really set me straight. He used active release techniques and taping initially. I think what has been key for my recovery is that his approach has been focused on what is causing the problem. So much of PF treatment seems to be about alleviating symptoms with rest and custom inserts. but what has become clear for me, the second time around, is that youve got to ...

Just wanted to say thanks to everyone for all of the PF advice. I was able to use some of it and its helped with my recovery (8 months!). Just wanted to add my 2 cents for anyone who might stumble across these comments that are based on my experiences with PF:. I was able to heal quickly from my first bout 2 summers ago by resting and stretching when I ended up with PF in my left foot. The second time around has proved to be extremely frustrating and nearly caused me to hang up my running shoes for good. I tried everything including the night splint, wearing shoes all the time, ice, golf ball etc. I finally went to a chiropractor who really set me straight. He used active release techniques and taping initially. I think what has been key for my recovery is that his approach has been focused on what is causing the problem. So much of PF treatment seems to be about alleviating symptoms with rest and custom inserts. but what has become clear for me, the second time around, is that youve got to ...

Phototropins are photoreceptor proteins (more specifically, flavoproteins) that mediate phototropism responses in higher plants. Along with cryptochromes and phytochromes they allow plants to respond and alter their growth in response to the light environment. Phototropins may also be important for the opening of stomata[citation needed] and the movement of chloroplasts. Phototropins are part of the phototropic sensory system in plants that causes various environmental responses in plants. Phototropins specifically will cause stems to bend towards light[citation needed] and stomata to open.[citation needed] Phototropins have been shown to impact the movement of chloroplast inside the cell. In addition phototropins mediate the first changes in stem elongation in blue light prior to cryptochrome activation. Phototropin is also required for blue light mediated transcript destabilization of specific mRNAs in the cell.[citation needed] Wada M, Kagawa T, Sato Y (2003). Chloroplast movement. Annu Rev ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Light-induced movement of the LOV2 domain in an Asp720Asn mutant LOV2-kinase fragment of arabidopsis phototropin 2. AU - Takayama, Yuki. AU - Nakasako, Masayoshi. AU - Okajima, Koji. AU - Iwata, Aya. AU - Kashojiya, Sachiko. AU - Matsui, Yuka. AU - Tokutomi, Satoru. PY - 2011/2/22. Y1 - 2011/2/22. N2 - Phototropin, a blue-light receptor protein of plants, triggers phototropic responses, chloroplast relocation, and opening of stomata to maximize the efficiency of photosynthesis. Phototropin is composed of two light-oxygen-voltage sensing domains (LOV1 and LOV2) that absorb blue light and a serine/theroine kinase domain responsible for light-dependent autophosphorylation leading to cellular signaling cascades. Although the light-activated LOV2 domain is primarily responsible for subsequent activation of the kinase domain, it is unclear how conformational changes in the former transmit to the latter. To understand this molecular mechanism in Arabidopsis phototropin 2, we performed ...

Phototropins are plasma membrane-localized UVA/blue light photoreceptors which mediate phototropism, inhibition of primary hypocotyl elongation, leaf positioning, chloroplast movements, and stomatal opening. Blue light irradiation activates the C-terminal serine/threonine kinase domain of phototropin which autophosphorylates the receptor. Arabidopsis thaliana encodes two phototropins, phot1 and phot2. In response to blue light, phot1 moves from the plasma membrane into the cytosol and phot2 translocates to the Golgi complex. In this study the molecular mechanism and route of blue-light-induced phot2 trafficking are demonstrated. It is shown that Atphot2 behaves in a similar manner when expressed transiently under 35S or its native promoter. The phot2 kinase domain but not blue-light-mediated autophosphorylation is required for the receptor translocation. Using co-localization and western blotting, the receptor was shown to move from the cytoplasm to the Golgi complex, and then to the post-Golgi ...

At present, it is generally accepted that the phototropic response to blue light initiates a lateral auxin gradient within the stem. Although several components for stimulus perception and signal transduction have been identified (Kimura and Kagawa, 2006; Christie, 2007; Harada and Shimazaki, 2007), it is only partially clear on the molecular level how lateral blue light irradiation leads to a bending response toward the illuminated side of the stem and how gravity is influencing this process. Several lines of evidence indicate that PINFORMED1 (PIN1) and PIN3 redistribution plays a key role in this tropic response (Friml et al., 2002a, 2002b; Blakeslee et al., 2004). However, a clear picture of how phototropin-mediated light perception is connected to PIN1/3 redistribution is still elusive. Additionally, little is known about signaling elements beyond NPH3 and RPT2 connecting phototropin light perception physically to auxin redistribution. Meanwhile, several proteins directly binding to NPH3 ...

We are thrilled to announce a 7 week old baby. Yes, this is a very early announcement. But it is significant because we have passed our two previous losses and believe we are now out of the troublesome time. Heres a recap on our baby journey.. July 27 2013 - On our first anniversary I had my first positive pregnancy test. August 2013 - at an 8 week ultrasound we discovered the baby stopped developing at 6.5 weeks. September 3, 2013 - induced miscarriage (mini-labor) via Cytotec after waiting 2 weeks since development ended. He was named Ezekiel (God strengthens).. March 2014 - first baby wouldve been born. May 11 2014 - Mothers Day. I was entirely unprepared for how this day would hit me.. May 2014 - after many months of irregular schedules and no successful pregnancy yet, we are tested for preliminary fertility concerns. July 4 2014 - second positive pregnancy test. July 27 2014 - pregnant again during our anniversary. No adult beverages while out to supper. Noticing a trend here.. August 8 ...

Catalytic domain of Phototropin-like Protein Serine/Threonine Kinases. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Phototropin-like subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The phototropin-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Included in this subfamily are plant phototropins and predominantly uncharacterized fungal STKs whose catalytic domains resemble the phototropin kinase domain. One protein from Neurospora crassa is called nrc-2. Phototropins are blue-light receptors that control responses such as phototropism, stromatal opening, and chloroplast movement in order to optimize the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. They are light-activated STKs that contain an N-terminal photosensory domain and a C-terminal ...

IMPORTANT SAFETY tamiflu during pregnancy INFORMATIONDo not http://www.hopax.cz/how-to-get-child-to-take-liquid-tamiflu/ take JARDIANCE with another person. Howlader N, Altekruse S, Li C. US incidence of severe hypertension until medically controlled. What began in 1895 as a substitute for or superior to, measures of quality of life (DLQI) scores by the Patient Benefit Index: Results of Pooled Data from this German study support and expand upon the understanding and management of disease, and give back to communities through philanthropy and volunteerism.. CSF and PET biomarkers are not currently approved for distribution anywhere in the second positive Phase 3 Trials, BREEZE-AD1 and BREEZE-AD2, In Adult Patients with gastric tumors receiving NSAIDs is unknown. Premedicate prior to initiating therapy with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been dedicated to developing tamiflu during pregnancy these novel vaccines with pre-clinical and clinical data at the beginning of all their ...

It would take a second positive result from a split sample for the horse to be disqualified.. But if the second sample does come back positive Medina Spirits results would be invalidated and runner-up Mandaloun will be declared the winner, Churchill Downs officials said.. Failure to comply with the rules and medication protocols jeopardizes the safety of the horses and jockeys, the integrity of our sport and the reputation of the Kentucky Derby and all who participate. Churchill Downs will not tolerate it, the racetrack said in a statement.. Given the seriousness of the alleged offense, Churchill Downs will immediately suspend Bob Baffert, the trainer of Medina Spirit, from entering any horses at Churchill Downs Racetrack.. We will await the conclusion of the Kentucky Horse Racing Commissions investigation before taking further steps.. But critics were already piling on the three-year-old colt and his trainer, former US President Donald Trump saying, So now even our Kentucky Derby ...

A second positive COVID-19 case has been identified by the International Skating Union at the World Figure Skating Championships in Stockholm.

DETROIT -- Royals infielder Miguel Tejadas season and possibly his playing career are over after he was suspended 105 games without pay upon testing positive for an amphetamine in violation of Major League Baseballs Joint Drug and Prevention Program.. MLB announced the suspension, which is effectively immediately, on Saturday afternoon.. Tejada issued an apology through the Major League Baseball Players Association, and Royals players expressed surprise and praised him as a good teammate.. Yahoo! Sports Jeff Passan reported that because Tejada had tested positive under MLBs amphetamine policy earlier in his career, he was subject to a 25-game ban for a second positive, found in a test this season. A third positive test followed and called for an additional 80-game suspension, totaling 105 games.. The 105-game suspension is the third-longest ever levied by MLB, behind the 211-game penalty Alex Rodriguez is currently appealing and Steve Howes 119-game ban in 1992. With 41 games remaining this ...

Almost all our food, feed, fuel and fiber ultimately derive from plants. Plant growth depends on photosynthesis, the process in which light energy is harnessed for the synthesis of high-energy carbon compounds. In order to capture light, plants have evolved unique ways of building cells, tissues and organs, a highly diverse metabolism, and a life-long continuation of versatile growth and development. Plants possess numerous photoreceptors enabling them to sense changes in the amount, spectral composition (color), photoperiod and direction of light. The central goal of our research is to understand how plants manage to gain access to direct sunlight when this resource becomes limiting. This occurs at high plant density leading to specific growth and developmental strategies such as the Shade Avoidance Syndrome (SAS) and Phototropism. We use the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to study the molecular events leading from light perception to the physiological responses elicited by unfavorable light ...

Something a little different than Arabidopsis; in fact, not a plant at all: Fungal Photobiology. I am looking for a highly motivated postdoctoral scientist with experience in plant photobiology, plant development, and transcriptome profiling to lead a newly funded project in fungal photomorphogenesis. This is an excellent opportunity to apply what you have learned from Arabidopsis biology to a new biological system with immense potential for novel biological discoveries. Postdoctoral Researcher in Photomorphogenesis University of Florida Laboratory of Jeffrey A. Rollins A postdoctoral research position is available to identify and characterize global regulators of fungal fruiting body (apothecia) development in response to light. The incumbent will be responsible for two specific experimental objectives: 1) Characterize the fluence-response of stipe de-etiolation to establish with high temporal resolution the onset of the developmental transition from stipe to disc. 2) Identify and characterize, ...

Cryptochromes, Cry, are photoreceptors that absorb blue light and mediate signaling events to modulate a wide range of biological functions such as circadian entrainment and phototropism. The signaling activation is triggered by excitation of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor, followed by protein conformational changes that mediate protein-protein interaction with downstream partners. In this presentation, I will discuss the conditions and functional dynamics of drosophila cryptochrome through a plethora of molecular dynamics simulation and analysis tools. Our model recapitulates various experimental evidence of dCry activation, and the mechanism may be applicable to other cryptochromes.. ...

Post-Doctoral Position,br, Arabidopsis Signal Transduction,br, A post-doctoral position is available immediately in the laboratory of Mannie Liscum at the University of Missouri-Columbia.  This project deals with the reverse genetic analyses of the ,i,NPH3,/i,/,i,RPT2,/i, gene family in Arabidopsis.  This large family of genes (>15 members) encode novel proteins, however both NPH3 and RPT2 have been shown genetically to be required for early signal transduction during response to phototropic stimuli.  We hypothesize that this novel family of proteins function as molecular scaffolds to mediate the assembly/stability of signal transduction components in a variety of signal-response systems (i.e., not limited to phototropism).  A variety of approaches will be used address the biological roles of members of this family, including isolation of knock-out mutants via T-DNA and transposon mutagenesis, generation of mutants through anti-sense construction, and transgenic ...

Review: Harnessing synthetic chemistry to probe and hijack auxin signaling Auxin has been studied since Charles Darwin observed the phototropic response.

The carotenoids are not only amongst the most widespread of the naturally occurring groups of pigments, but probably also have the most varied functions; witness their known roles in photokinetic responses of plants, in phototropic responses of fish and as vitamin A precursors in mammals and birds. Pigments with such wide distribution and such diverse functions are obviously of great interest to biological scientists with very different specializa tions, especially as it is unlikely that the study of the functions of carotenoids is anywhere near complete. The primary aim of the present work is to discuss the distribution, bio genesis and function of the carotenoids throughout the plant and animal kingdoms in such a way that, because of, rather than in spite of its bio chemical bias, it will be of value to workers interested in all the biological aspects of these pigments. The biochemical approach is considered the most effective because, generally speaking, most progress in the study of ...

Plants can sense the Earths gravitational field. Geotropism is the term applied to the consequent orientation response of growing plant parts. Roots are positively geotropic, that is, they will bend and grow downwards, towards the center of the Earth. In contrast, shoots are negatively geotropic, that is, they will bend and grow upwards, or away, from the surface.. These geotropisms can be demonstrated easily with seedlings grown entirely in darkness. A seedling with its radicle (or seedling root) and shoot already in the expected orientation can be turned upside down, or placed on its side, while kept in darkness. The root will subsequently bend and grow downwards, and the shoot upwards. Because the plant is still in darkness, phototropism (a growth movement in response to light) can be eliminated as an explanation for these movements.. Several theories about the manner by which plants perceive gravity have been advanced, but none of them is entirely satisfactory. To account for the positive ...

When a plant grows in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus. Shoots grow towards light, known as phototropism. Roots grow in the direction of gravity, called geotropism, and towards water, called hydrotropism. And vines and tendrils coil around other plants in response to contact, known as thigmotropism. Tropisms enable plants to alter their growth, helping them get what they need from their environment.. ...

7.7. Mean values of total bacterial counts were generally less than 105 CFU/g except for brand F which contained about 103 CFU/g. Wide variation in the percentage of sporeformers in total count was observed. Mean values of spore counts ranged from 103 to 104 CFU/g. Bacillus cereus was found in variable densities; mean values hardly exceeding 104/g, it was not detected in some samples. Generally, B. Cereus represented 20-70% of the total spore counts. Yeast colony mean counts around 102 CFU/g. Enterobacteriaceae, molds coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and salmonellae could not be detected in all samples. D10 value of B. cereus was 2.85 KGy, while the D10 values at 85, 90, 95 and 100C were found to be 15.0, 9.5, 8.5 and 2.5 min, respectively. Preirradiation treatment of B. cereus spores had a synergistic effect with heat treatment ...

Electrocompetent Top10 cells were electroporated with K238015, K238013 in psB3K3, I20260 and empty Top10 cells. These cells were plated out on agar plates with the correct AntiBiotic and grown overnight (37°). From these, a 5ml liquid culture supplied with AB was prepared and also grown overnight (37°C or 25°C). These cells were inoculated in fresh LB medium (100 µg AB/ ml) in the morning and grown at 16°C or 25°C for 3.5h. During all these steps, the cells were always kept away in the dark. Only when the experiment started, half of the cultures were put under blue light, the other half were kept in the dark. After that, the cells were whithdrawn at different time intervals. They were diluted into PBS and analyzed by flow cytometry with a Becton Dickinson FACSCalibur and CELLQuestTM acquisition and analysis software with gates set to forward and side scatters characteristic of the bacteria (Gate G2=R2). We decided upon using FACS because then the fluorescence of single cells is measured. ...

The diffusion index for current activity returned to negative territory this month, decreasing from 1.9 to -5.9. This is the third negative reading in the past four months (see Chart 1). The index for current new orders remained negative and fell 6 points, to -9.5. However, firms reported higher shipments, as the current shipments index increased 6 points to a reading of 3.7. Firms reported a decline in unfilled orders, with the index falling from 2.4 to -17.7. The current inventories index increased 9 points to its first positive reading in four months. The surveys indicators for labor market conditions were slightly improved this month. The percentage of firms reporting increases in employment (16 percent) was slightly greater than the percentage reporting decreases (11 percent). The employment index increased 2 points, from 2.6 to 4.1. Firms also reported an increase in average work hours in December. The workweek index registered its first positive reading in three months, increasing 22 ...

The |i|Journal of Biomedical Optics|/i| (JBO) publishes peer-reviewed papers on the use of novel optical systems and techniques for improved health care and biomedical research.

How is Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitor abbreviated? HAFM stands for Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitor. HAFM is defined as Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitor very rarely.

1. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves and lines y=e^x sin e^x, x=0, y=0, and the curves first positive intersection with the x-axis. 2. The area under the curve of y=1/x from x=a to x=5 is approximately 0.916 where ...

States Trace Back Finds Second Positive CWD in Herd Directly Linked to Index Herd A second positive case of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in New York State has been confirmed in a white-tailed deer from a captive herd in Oneida County that is directly linked to the herd where a white-tailed doe was found positive for CWD earlier this week. CWD is a transmissible disease that affects the brain and central nervous system of deer and elk. There is no evidence that CWD is linked to disease in humans or domestic livestock other than deer and elk.. During the investigation of the States first case of CWD this week, the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets found that one of the herds associated with the index animal had recently sent a sample to the States Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to be tested for CWD. The sample was collected and sent for testing as part of the States mandatory CWD surveillance and testing protocols.. The positive sample was from a four to five year old ...

Rabies is a deadly, but preventable disease. In Alameda County rabies is rare, with an average of 2 to 5 positive rabid test results each year. This year, our first rabid animal was a bat that tested positive for rabies on Feb 6, 2020 from the Oakland area. The second positive rabies result occurred on May 5. 2020. In 2019 there was a rare 6 positive rabid test. The first on February 14, 2019 from the Hayward area. The second positive rabid test (bat) was on March 11, 2019 from the Pleasanton area. On March 25, 2019 a third bat from Hayward tested positive for rabies. A fourth bat tested positive for rabies on October 8, 2019 from the Fremont area. On October 15, 2019 a fifth bat tested positive for rabies from the Hayward area. The sixth positive bat, this year, was on October 21, 2019 from the Livermore area. In the year 2018 there were 2 rabid bats; one on June 11, 2018 from the Livermore area; second bat tested positive on October 11, from Piedmont. In 2017, two bats tested positive; 1 from ...

Phototropins are UVA/blue-light receptors involved in controlling the light-dependent physiological responses which serve to optimize the photosynthetic activity of plants and promote growth. The phototropin-induced phosphoinositide (PI) metabolism has been shown to be essential for stomatal opening and phototropism. However, the role of PIs in phototropin-induced chloroplast movements remains poorly understood. The aim of this work is to determine which PI species are involved in the control of chloroplast movements in Arabidopsis and the nature of their involvement. We present the effects of the inactivation of phospholipase C (PLC), PI3-kinase (PI3K) and PI4-kinase (PI4K) on chloroplast relocations in Arabidopsis. The inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphospahte [PI(4,5)P2]-PLC pathway, using neomycin and U73122, suppressed the phot2-mediated chloroplast accumulation and avoidance responses, without affecting movement responses controlled by phot1. On the other hand, PI3K and PI4K ...

Cryptochrome 2 is a flavin-type blue light receptor mediating floral induction in response to photoperiod and a blue light-induced hypocotyl growth inhibition. cry2 is required for the elevated expression of the flowering-time gene CO in response to long-day photoperiods, but the molecular mechanism …

Orioles left-hander Troy Patton was issued a 25-game suspension by the Commissioners Office on Friday for violating Major League Baseballs Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program.. Patton, 28, tested positive for an amphetamine in violation of the program. His suspension begins at the start of the 2014 season.. According to The Associated Press, Patton told The Baltimore Sun he took an Adderall pill four days before the season finished to try to improve his short-term focus.. Under the Joint Drug agreement, 25 games is the penalty for a second positive amphetamine test. A first positive results in evaluation and further testing.. According to The Sun, Patton tested positive for amphetamine use during Spring Training in 2010, also for Adderall.. We were disappointed to learn of Troy Pattons suspension, Orioles executive vice president of baseball operations Dan Duquette said Friday. The Orioles support MLBs policy and its efforts to eliminate performance-enhancing substances from the ...

Organisms have evolved extensive sensory mechanisms to perceive information carried by light. Their responses are mediated by photoreceptor proteins, which are sensitive to light through prosthetic chromophore molecules. The past decade has witnessed the discovery of a large number of novel flavin-binding photoreceptors, notably the phototropins, the cryptochromes, and BLUF (blue-light sensing using FAD) domains (1). Phototropins are primarily found in plants and control several physiological responses such as phototropism, chloroplast movement, and stomatal opening (2), whereas cryptochromes are known to regulate growth and development in plants and circadian rhythms in plants and insects (3, 4). BLUF domains are a distinct family of flavin-binding photoreceptors that show no significant relationship to other sensor proteins in sequence or structure. The BLUF domain was first discovered as the N-terminal part of the flavoprotein AppA from the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter ...

A new study by Dr. Bill Ripple and his colleagues, Trophic cascades from wolves to grizzly bears in Yellowstone in the Journal of Animal Ecology suggests a second way the return of wolves has helped the Yellowstone grizzly bears.. Grizzlies have thrived in Yellowstone Park in recent years despite the destruction of the cutthroat trout fishery, and the death of most of the thought-to-be vital whitebark pine stands with their nutritious nuts. The reason wolves helped the bears was them taking down more elk than the grizzlies ever could. Some of the wolf-killed elk were promptly stolen by the bears. The result was a big boost in nutrition for the bears. Now a second positive effect of wolves for bears is being explored by a scientific team from Oregon State and Washington State Universities.. The reduction of elk numbers by wolves and the creation of a landscape of fear for the remaining elk has kept the remaining elk moving. In their wake berries have begun to proliferate. Everyone knows bears ...

HARTFORD - Advocates for prison reform called on Gov. Ned Lamont on Thursday to release at least portions of the states prison population following the second positive test for the COVID-19 virus among Department of Correction staff.. In a conference call with Sen. Gary Winfield, D-New Haven, advocates who want changes in the justice system, as well as reporters, speakers urged Lamont and the DOC to at least begin forming a plan for release of certain inmates, including those with serious medical conditions, such as cancer and diabetes.. Hosted by the justice reform group Katal Center for Health, Equity, and Justice, speakers called on Lamont to immediately release as many people in custody as possible, stop new admissions into jails and prisons and implement measures that protect the well-being of inmates. The current population of prisoners is about 12,500.. Winfield, the Senate chairman of the Judiciary Committee, said he sent a letter to the DOC asking if inmates would be released and how ...

Blue light is of course a main contributor to photosynthesis via chlorophyll, but it also influences a plant in other ways. Blue light is typically encountered in nature at midday, when the angle of the sun is directly vertical or close to it. This would usually be a time of peak intensity and heat, therefore in many plants high intensities of blue light cause the chlorophylls to migrate to the bottom of the cell for shielding. Moreover, cryptochrome is a phytochemical that absorbs the blue spectrum and initiates phototropism (growing towards light), plus sets a plants circadian rhythm (in combination with phytochrome and the photoperiod). Interestingly, strong blue light reduces leaf intermodal length in a plant and causes it to grow compact and bushy, not wasting energy on stem length, which would be unnecessary in blue dominant full sun conditions. Many growers use blue light to keep plants compact and under control. In addition plant stomata number increases with the intensity of the blue ...

Plants are sessile organisms that are permanently restricted to their site of germination. To compensate for their lack of mobility, plants evolved unique mechanisms enabling them to rapidly react to ever changing environmental conditions and flexibly adapt their postembryonic developmental program. A prominent demonstration of this developmental plasticity is their ability to bend organs in order to reach the position most optimal for growth and utilization of light, nutrients, and other resources. Shortly after germination, dicotyledonous seedlings form a bended structure, the so-called apical hook, to protect the delicate shoot meristem and cotyledons from damage when penetrating through the soil. Upon perception of a light stimulus, the apical hook rapidly opens and the photomorphogenic developmental program is activated. After germination, plant organs are able to align their growth with the light source and adopt the most favorable orientation through bending, in a process named phototropism. On

Colony formation was the first step towards evolution of multicellularity in many macroscopic organisms. Dictyostelid social amoebas have used this strategy for over 600 Myr to form fruiting structures of increasing complexity. To understand in which order multicellular complexity evolved, we measured 24 phenotypic characters over 99 dictyostelid species. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we show that the last common ancestor (LCA) of Dictyostelia probably erected small fruiting structures directly from aggregates. It secreted cAMP to coordinate fruiting body morphogenesis, and another compound to mediate aggregation. This phenotype persisted up to the LCAs of three of the four major groups of Dictyostelia. The group 4 LCA co-opted cAMP for aggregation and evolved much larger fruiting structures. However, it lost encystation, the survival strategy of solitary amoebas that is retained by many species in groups 1-3. Large structures, phototropism and a migrating intermediate slug stage ...

Blue light can be beneficial to the human body if it is the right time of the day. However, when exposed to blue light at night, the health of an individual can be greatly impacted. There are simple ways a person can reduce their exposure to blue light during the wrong hours of the day. This article we will look at the effects blue light has on the body and how someone can reduce blue light exposure.. What Does Blue light do to the Body. Blue light has an array of effects upon the body. To begin, improper balance or night exposure to blue light can significantly reduce the quality of sleep an individual gets each night. Exposure to blue light at night is not natural. Blue light signals the portion of the brain that tells us we should be awake. As you can imagine, this is not an idea situation at night.. The body is naturally tuned to an internal clock and is also linked with nature. In the morning, blue light from the sun wakes us up. However, with the advancement of technology and the exposure ...

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Hi all, I m trying to do differential growing curves and couldnt come up with any ideas to get started.Any strategies will be helpful . …

The sample that tested positive was collected Aug. 16, the health department said. It was the first positive sample in Suffolk County since 2008.

blue light on sony kdf42we655 model lcd projection tv I am told it is the light engine - Sony Grand WEGA KDF-60WF655 60 question

Bluescreen by Novachem is a natural ingredient designed to prevent digital strain and skin damage by absorbing blue light wavelengths of 200-500 nm.

An optical chemistry research study has shown how blue light from digital devices and the sun can cause the death of retinal molecules, increasing pot

Özet: Amaç: Bu çalışmada üriner sisteme yönelik gerçekleştirdiğimiz 4 yıllık laparoskopik cerrahi deneyimlerimizi li ...

A shy 7-year-old with a deformity from birth receives urgent medical treatment, education, and loving support from the NPH Honduras family.