Alanine at position 294 (Ala294) within the motif 3 consensus of Escherichia coli phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit has previously been implicated as a determinant of amino acid specificity. To characterize the role of Ala294, the catalytic effects of amino acid replacements at this position were tested with purified wild-type and mutant phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases. We show that Ala294 is involved in amino acid binding and that it influences specificity as a determinant of binding pocket size. Replacement of Ala294 by either glycine or serine, thereby increasing or decreasing the size of the binding pocket, respectively, reduces affinity for phenylalanine. The Gly294 mutant shows a relaxed specificity toward synthetic para-halogenated phenylalanine analogues, the apparent dissociation constant Km increasing in direct relation to an increase of the van der Waals radius of the para group, thus confirming the role of position 294 in determining amino acid binding pocket size. For the substrate

The Crystal Structure of the Ternary Complex of Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase with tRNA(Phe) and a Phenylalanyl-Adenylate Analogue Reveals a Conformational Switch of the Cca End ...

cyclo(cysteinyl(3)-phenylalanyl(6)-phenylalanyl(7)-tryptophyl(8)-lysyl(9)-threonyl(10)-phenylalanyl(11)-cysteinyl(14)): a somatostatin receptor subtype 4 agonist

Aliases : GRMZM2G078756. Description : 29.1.20 protein.aa activation.phenylalanine-tRNA ligase phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase class IIc family protein. ...

Amino acid starvation activates the protein kinase Gcn2p, leading to changes in gene expression and translation. Gcn2p is activated by deacylated tRNA, which accumulates when tRNA aminoacylation is limited by lack of substrates or inhibition of synthesis. Pairing of amino acids and deacylated tRNAs is catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, which use quality control pathways to maintain substrate specificity. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) maintains specificity via an editing pathway that targets non-cognate Tyr-tRNAPhe. While the primary role of aaRS editing is to prevent misaminoacylation, we demonstrate editing of misaminoacylated tRNA is also required for detection of amino acid starvation by Gcn2p. Ablation of PheRS editing caused accumulation of Tyr-tRNAPhe (5%), but not deacylated tRNAPhe during amino acid starvation, limiting Gcn2p kinase activity and suppressing Gcn4p-dependent gene expression. While the PheRS-editing ablated strain grew 50% slower and displayed a 27-fold increase in the

ID E4T4I4_PALPW Unreviewed; 339 AA. AC E4T4I4; DT 08-FEB-2011, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 08-FEB-2011, sequence version 1. DT 08-MAY-2019, entry version 53. DE RecName: Full=Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase alpha subunit {ECO:0000256,HAMAP-Rule:MF_00281}; DE EC=6.1.1.20 {ECO:0000256,HAMAP-Rule:MF_00281}; DE AltName: Full=Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit {ECO:0000256,HAMAP-Rule:MF_00281}; DE Short=PheRS {ECO:0000256,HAMAP-Rule:MF_00281}; GN Name=pheS {ECO:0000256,HAMAP-Rule:MF_00281}; GN OrderedLocusNames=Palpr_1482 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADQ79628.1}; OS Paludibacter propionicigenes (strain DSM 17365 / JCM 13257 / WB4). OC Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; Bacteroidia; Bacteroidales; OC Paludibacteraceae; Paludibacter. OX NCBI_TaxID=694427 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADQ79628.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000008718}; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE. RC STRAIN=WB4; RG US DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI-PGF); RA Lucas S., Copeland A., Lapidus A., Bruce D., Goodwin L., Pitluck S., RA Kyrpides N., Mavromatis K., ...

acetyl-norleucyl(4)-(aspartyl(5)-histidyl(6)-phenylalanyl(7)-arginyl(8)-tryptophyl(9)-lysyl(10))cyclo-alpha-MSH(4-10)amide: a melanocortin-3 receptor agonist

In our previous study, it was well defined that IGFBP7 was an important tumor suppressor gene in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to uncover the downstream molecules responsible for IGFBP7s behaviour in this study. Differentially expressed protein profiles between PcDNA3.1(IGFBP7)-transfected RKO cells and the empty vector transfected controls were generated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) identification. The selected differentially expressed protein induced by IGFBP7 was confirmed by western blot and ELISA. The biological behaviour of the protein was explored by cell growth assay and colony formation assay. Six unique proteins were found differentially expressed in PcDNA3.1(IGFBP7)-transfected RKO cells, including albumin (ALB), 60 kDa heat shock protein(HSP60), Actin cytoplasmic 1 or 2, pyruvate kinase muscle 2(PKM2), beta subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase(FARSB) and hypothetical protein. The downregulation of HSP60 by IGFBP7 was confirmed by western

Next-day shipping cDNA ORF clones derived from FARSB phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit available at GenScript, starting from $99.00.

Complete information for FARS2 gene (Protein Coding), Phenylalanyl-TRNA Synthetase 2, Mitochondrial, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are receiving more attention to act as cell factories for the production of high-value metabolites. However, the molecular tools for genetic modifying these strains are mainly vector-based double-crossover strategies, which are laborious and inefficient. To address this problem, several counterselectable markers have been developed, while few of them could be used in the wild-type host cells without pretreatment. The pheS gene encoding phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit was identified in Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 genome. When mutant pheS gene (pheS*) under the control of the Lc. lactis NZ9000 l-lactate dehydrogenase promoter (Pldh) was expressed from a plasmid, the resulted PheS* with an A312G substitution rendered cells sensitive to the phenylalanine analog p-chloro-phenylalanine (p-Cl-Phe). This result suggested pheS* was suitable to be used as a counterselectable marker in Lc. lactis. However, the expression level of pheS* from a chromosomal copy was too low to

These are clicker questions that I use in Chemistry with PhET. Many could be used for any grade level. The questions could be used as a framework to modify for specific needs. I update this file as I add questions ...

Students will locate and describe the image that is seen through a lens, both with an actual lens and with the PHET simulation ...

Mistranslation can follow two events during protein synthesis: production of non-cognate amino acid:transfer RNA (tRNA) pairs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and inaccurate selection of aminoacyl-tRNAs by the ribosome. Many aaRSs actively edit non-cognate amino acids, but editing mechanisms are not evolutionarily conserved, and their physiological significance remains unclear. To address the connection between aaRSs and mistranslation, the evolutionary divergence of tyrosine editing by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) was used as a model. Certain PheRSs are naturally error prone, most notably a Mycoplasma example that displayed a low level of specificity consistent with elevated mistranslation of the proteome. Mycoplasma PheRS was found to lack canonical editing activity, relying instead on discrimination against the non-cognate amino acid by kinetic proofreading. This mechanism of discrimination is inadequate for organisms where translation is more accurate, as Mycoplasma PheRS failed ...

Gene ontology (GO): cytoplasm [GO:0005737]; ATP binding [GO:0005524]; magnesium ion binding [GO:0000287]; phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity [GO:0004826]; tRNA binding [GO:0000049]; phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation [GO:0006432 ...

In our validation study, PheRS was very effective in identifying patients with diagnosed Mendelian disease by using only the phenotypic signatures. Applying PheRS to a genotyped population, we found an increased burden of phenotypes among individuals with rare variants in Mendelian disease genes. Sequencing identified or confirmed second rare variants in four individuals, three of whom had the highest PheRS among all heterozygotes or homozygotes for that variant. In vitro studies provided supporting evidence of pathogenicity for all three variants tested.. Although our approach relies on many decades of accumulated knowledge about the phenotypic imprint of Mendelian disease, the method itself is simple to implement. Our ability to replicate results in an external cohort suggests that it is portable and would therefore be applicable to data sets such as those of the Million Veteran Program, UK Biobank, and the All of Us Research Program (All of Us is a service mark of the U.S. Department of ...

A synthetic nonapeptide comprising cysteinyl, phenylalanyl, phenylalanyl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, cysteinyl, prolyl, lysyl, and glycinamide residues in sequence, with a disulfide bridge joining the two cysteine residues. Its antidiuretic effects are less than those of vasopressin. It is used as a vasoconstrictor in local anaesthetic injections for dental use, and is an ingredient of preparations that have been used for treatment of pain and inflammation of the mouth.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus pheS gene for phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase alpha subunit, strain ATCC 7469, isolate TUTBF-C, clone A03_Cc_phes21_031. ...

Lactobacillus plantarum pheS gene for phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase alpha subunit, strain UFSBC 317, isolate TUTBF-A, clone D02_Aa_phes21_010. ...

We recently reported that N-acetylphenylalanylphenylalanine (AcPhe-Phe) was produced from the peptidyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) analog N-acetylphenylalanyl- tRNA (AcPhe-tRNA) and phenylalanyl-tRNA (Phe-tRNA) in the presence of the entire 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) or with domain V alone prepared by in vitro transcription (Research Article, 31 July, p. 666) (1, 2). However, we subsequently discovered that there were problems with the identification of the products by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). We (3) and Khaitovich et al. (4) found independently that the spot on the TLC plate that we previously identified as AcPhe-Phe consisted mainly of AcPhe-methyl- or ethyl-ester (AcPhe-OMe or AcPhe-OEt), which might have been produced by the reaction of AcPhe-tRNA and residual alcohol (0.1% or less) in the RNA preparations.. Once we discovered this product misidentification on the TLC plates, we realized that the data in our Science paper concerning quantitative analysis of the spot were not definitive.. In ...

Dephosphorylation of p53 during cell death by N-α-tosyl- -phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone. Kim, Karam; Choi, Kyung Hee; Fu, Ya-Min; Meadows, Gary G.; Joe, Cheol O., Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.306, No.4, pp.954-958, 2003-07- ...

This interactive simulation lets learners explore the differences in graphs of position, velocity, and acceleration. Set initial conditions and view the graphs simultaneously as the Moving Man changes position. You can also program the…

exon 470..620 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 variation 606 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /replace=c /replace=g /db_xref=dbSNP:34733235 exon 621..828 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 exon 829..928 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 exon 929..1050 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 exon 1051..1108 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 exon 1109..1261 /gene=SPAG9 /gene_synonym=CT89; HLC-6; HLC4; HLC6; JIP-4; JIP4; JLP; PHET; PIG6 /inference=alignment:Splign:1.39.8 exon 1262..1313 /gene=SPAG9 ...

This is a set of homework questions (with answers) developed for use with the PhET simulation The Moving Man. It assesses student understanding of position, velocity, and acceleration graphs. It was designed to be implemented in…

Accepted name: serine tRNA ligase. Reaction: ATP + L-serine + tRNASer = AMP + diphosphate + L-seryl-tRNASer. Other name(s): seryl-tRNA synthetase; SerRS; seryl-transfer ribonucleate synthetase; seryl-transfer RNA synthetase; seryl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase; serine translase. Systematic name: L-serine:tRNASer ligase (AMP-forming). Comments: This enzyme also recognizes tRNASec, the special tRNA for selenocysteine, and catalyses the formation of L-seryl-tRNASec, the substrate for EC 2.9.1.1, L-seryl-tRNASec selenium transferase.. Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9023-48-7. References:. 1. Katze, J.R. and Konigsberg, W. Purification and properties of seryl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase from Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 245 (1970) 923-930. [PMID: 4906848]. 2. Makman, M.H. and Cantoni, G.L. Isolation of seryl and phenylalanyl ribonucleic acid synthetases from bakers yeast. Biochemistry 4 (1965) 1434-1442.. 3. Webster, L.T. and ...

11AS: Crystal structure of asparagine synthetase reveals a close evolutionary relationship to class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

Learn about position, velocity, and acceleration graphs. Move the little man back and forth with the mouse and plot his motion. Set the position, velocity, or acceleration and let the simulation move the man for you.

TY - JOUR. T1 - The myositis clinical phenotype associated with anti-Zo autoantibodies. T2 - a case series of nine UK patients. AU - Tansley, Sarah L. AU - Betteridge, Zoe. AU - Lu, Hui. AU - Davies, Emma. AU - Rothwell, Simon. AU - New, Paul P. AU - Chinoy, Hector. AU - Gordon, Patrick. AU - Gunawardena, Harsha. AU - Lloyd, Mark. AU - Stratton, Richard. AU - Cooper, Robert. AU - McHugh, Neil J. N1 - © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology.. PY - 2019/10/26. Y1 - 2019/10/26. N2 - OBJECTIVES: It has been over 10 years since the first report of autoantibodies directed against phenylalanyl tRNA synthetase (anti-Zo) in a patient with features of the anti-synthetase syndrome. In that time no further cases have been published. Here we aim to characterize more fully the clinical phenotype of anti-Zo-associated myositis by describing the clinical features of nine patients.METHODS: Anti-Zo was identified by protein-immunoprecipitation ...

Sales. Net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, were $83.61 million, consisting of $33.81 million for PHE units, $40.89 million for PHEs, and $8.91 million for heat meters, while our net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, were $56.54 million, consisting of $28.56 million for PHE units, $20.14 million for PHEs, and $7.84 million for heat meters, an overall increase of $27.07 million or 48%. The increase in sales came primarily from two of the Companys product lines - PHEs and PHE units - and benefited from the continued government stimulus in energy-saving industry, strong economic growth in China and our successful market expansion. Our sales from our PHEs brought us additional sales of $20.75million or 103% increase in sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared with the same period of last year. Our PHE unit sales increased by $5.24 million or 18% compared to the same period of last year due to our continuous effort on market expansion. ...

Azt a legt bben tudjuk, hogy tejjel vagy alkohollal sok gy gyszert nem vehet nk be, de arra nem gondolunk, hogy a reggelihez fogyasztott gy m lcsitalunk is sokf le orvoss ggal k lcs nhat sba l phet.

p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...

Founded in 2002 by Nobel Laureate Carl Wieman, the PhET Interactive Simulations project at the University of Colorado Boulder creates free interactive math and science simulations. PhET sims are based on extensive education research and engage students through an intuitive, game-like environment where students learn through exploration and discovery. | Center for Teaching Excellence Resource Center

The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (EC 6.1.1.) catalyse the attachment of an amino acid to its cognate transfer RNA molecule in a highly specific two-step reaction. These proteins differ widely in size and oligomeric state, and have limited sequence homology. The 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are divided into two classes, I and II. Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain a characteristic Rossman fold catalytic domain and are mostly monomeric. Class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases share an anti-parallel beta-sheet fold flanked by alpha-helices, and are mostly dimeric or multimeric, containing at least three conserved regions. However, tRNA binding involves an alpha-helical structure that is conserved between class I and class II synthetases. In reactions catalysed by the class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, the aminoacyl group is coupled to the 2-hydroxyl of the tRNA, while, in class II reactions, the 3-hydroxyl site is preferred. The synthetases specific for arginine, cysteine, glutamic acid, ...

Male rats received one injection of a subtoxic amount of Cd|sup|2+|/sup| (9.2 µmol/kg body weight) as cadmium chloride and the testes were removed 24 h later. Homogenate fractions of testes that had been freed of ribosomes were tested for their activity in cell-free protein-synthesizing systems using excess exogenous rat liver ribosomes and mRNA. A marked decrease in the incorporation of free [|sup|14|/sup|C]-phenylalanine into peptide was observed with the testes preparations from the cadmium-treated rats. The results indicated that about half of the effect of cadmium was due to decreased aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity and the other half was due to decreased binding of [|sup|14|/sup|C]-phenylalanyl-tRNA to ribosomes. The results are discussed relative to the contrasting results obtained in kidney and liver preparations.

As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.

14 September, 2014 Photo Credit: Alberto G., via Flickr Voice 1 Welcome to Spotlight. Im Ryan Geertsma. Angry birds meets nanoscience, with this

Preface. Contributors.. Part I Basic Concepts.. 1 Introduction to Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (Jürgen R. Reichenbach and E. Mark Haacke).. 2 Magnetic Susceptibility (Jaladhar Neelavalli and Yu-Chung Norman Cheng).. 3 Gradient Echo Imaging (Jürgen R. Reichenbach and E. Mark Haacke).. 4 Phase and Its Relationship to Imaging Parameters and Susceptability (Alexander Rauscher, E. Mark Haacke, Jaladhar Neelavalli, and Jürgen R. Reichenbach).. 5. Understanding T2-Related Signal Loss (Jan Sedlacik, Alexander Rauscher, Jürgen R. Reichenbach, and E. Mark Haacke).. 6 Processing Concepts and SWI Filtered Phase Images (Alexander Rauscher and Stephen Witoszynskyj).. 7 MR Angiography and Venography of the Brain (Samuel Barnes, Zhaoyang Jin, Yiping P. Du, Andreas Deistung, and Jürgen R. Reichenbach). 8 Brain Anatomy with Phase (Jeff Duyn and Oliver Speck).. Part II Current Efforts in Clinical Translational Research Using SWI.. 9 SWI Venography Anatomy of the Cerebrum (Daniel K. Kido, Jessica Tan, ...