Figure. . Phylogenetic tree of near full-length (4.7 kbp) and partial sequences (open reading frame 2, 0.4-1.9 kbp) of porcine hokovirus (HoV)/partetraviruses (PtV) created by using MEGA5.1 (www.megasoftware.net) with the maximum-likelihood method (GTR+G+I) and bootstrap analysis of 500 resamplings. New sequences from Cameroon are shown in boldface. EU, Europe; CH, China; US, United States; Gt, genotype; PARV4, parvovirus 4. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. ...

The family Parvoviridae is divided into two subfamilies: the Densovirinae, which infect insects, and the Parvovirinae, which infect vertebrates. The members of the Parvovirinae that infect humans are the focus of this chapter. The parvoviruses known to infect humans include B19 parvovirus in the genus Erythrovirus, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) in the genus Dependovirus, human bocavirus (HBoV) in the genus Bocavirus, and PARV4 and PARV5, not yet placed into a genus. With the appropriate helper virus, AAVs can replicate in a variety of tissue culture systems. If a helper virus is not present, AAV integrates into the host cell genomic DNA in a site-specific fashion. Nosocomial transmission can, however, occur, and standard precautions are recommended for all B19-infected patients and droplet precautions are recommended for those most likely to have high-titer infection, i.e., those with chronic B19 infection and those with transient aplastic crisis. The occurrence of rash in an immunocompromised patient

Dependoparvovirus (formerly Dependovirus or Adeno-associated virus group) is a genus in the virus subfamily Parvovirinae, within the family Parvoviridae; they are Group II viruses according to the Baltimore classification. Some dependoparvoviruses are also known as adeno-associated viruses because they cannot replicate productively in their host cell without the cell being coinfected by a helper virus such as an adenovirus, a herpesvirus, or a vaccinia virus. There are currently seven recognized species in the genus. Dependoparvoviruses have an icosahedral shape, measure 22 nm is composed of 60 wedge shaped proteins triangulation number = 1). Three proteins (VP1, VP2 and VP3) are present in each capsomere. Each capsid is made from 5 VP1, 5 VP2, and 50 VP3 proteins. The capsid does not have an envelope. The genome is a single molecule of single stranded with a length of 4.7 kilobases. It has only two open reading frames. The 3 open reading frame is the structural capsid protein, cap, which can ...

Parvovirus is the common name applied to all the viruses in the Parvoviridae taxonomic family. The Parvoviridae family has two subfamilies; the Parvovirinae (vertebrate viruses) and the Densovirinae (invertebrate viruses). Different examples can be given for the subfamily Parvovirinae but the most common is Dependovirus, which only work with a helper virus such as adenovirus. Other viruses that can infect without helper viruses are called as autonomous parvoviruses. Parvoviruses are linear, non-segmented single-stranded DNA viruses, with an average genome size of 5000 nucleotides. They are classified as group II viruses in the Baltimore classification of viruses. Parvoviruses are among the smallest viruses (hence the name, from Latin parvus meaning small) and are 18-28 nm in diameter. Parvoviruses can cause disease in some animals, including starfish and humans. Because the viruses require actively dividing cells to replicate, the type of tissue infected varies with the age of the animal. The ...

Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) was detected in a young child hospitalized for pneumonia and subsequently in his twin brother and other family members. The mothers nasopharyngeal samples intermittently showed HBoV1 DNA; the grandmother had HBoV1 reinfection. Findings in this family lead to consideration of HBoV virulence, latency, and reactivation ...

To determine if human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2) has a circular genome similar to the head-to-tail sequence of HBoV1 and the episomal… Expand ...

Statement of the Problem: Parvoviral diseases are emerging as a constant threat to penaeid culture due to their ability to cause slow growth and mass mortality...

In May 2020, the D Center launched the Disability Connections Blog. According to the D Center website, the blog is designed to give UW students, staff, faculty, and alumni who

INTRODUCTION: Human bocavirus (HBoV), a parvovirus discovered in 2005, was identified as a respiratory pathogen in a proportion of respiratory tract diseases with an unknown causative agent.. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to investigate the role of HBoV in acute lower respiratory tract infection in Chinese children.. METHODS: Two hundred forty-five nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from January to December 2006 from hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection were tested for the presence of HBoV DNA by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that targeted the NP-1 gene. Bulk PCR products were subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis. Medical charts were reviewed for clinical features of HBoV infection.. RESULTS: HBoV DNA was detected in 11 (4.5%) of the 245 nasopharyngeal aspirates. HBoV infection occurred year-round and peaked in winter. The age range of the children was from 48 days to 18 months. Coinfections of HBoV and respiratory syncytial virus were found in 2 (18.2%) of ...

Background. Molecular methods of pathogen discovery have recently led to the description of several new respiratory viruses. Human bocavirus (HBoV), a proposed member of the family Parvoviridae, is one of the most recently described respiratory viruses. Initial reports indicate that HBoV is a common cause of respiratory tract infection in children.. Methods. A total of 1474 nasal scraping specimens collected over a 20-month period were screened by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of HBoV nucleic acid. Positive results were confirmed with a second polymerase chain reaction assay from a different genomic region. The medical records of patients with positive results were reviewed for demographic and clinical data.. Results. HBoV DNA was identified in 82 samples (5.6%). The peak rate of HBoV infection occurred during the period of March through May in both 2004 and 2005. Sixty-three percent of infected patients were ,12 months of age. The most common symptoms were cough, rhinorrhea, and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - High Human Bocavirus Viral Load Is Associated with Disease Severity in Children under Five Years of Age. AU - Zhao, Baihui. AU - Yu, Xuelian. AU - Wang, Chuanxian. AU - Teng, Zheng. AU - Wang, Chun. AU - Shen, Jiaren. AU - Gao, Ye. AU - Zhu, Zhaokui. AU - Wang, Jiayu. AU - Yuan, Zhengan. AU - Wu, Fan. AU - Zhang, Xi. AU - GHILDYAL, Reena. PY - 2013/4/30. Y1 - 2013/4/30. N2 - Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus and detected worldwide in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), but its pathogenic role in respiratory illness is still debatable due to high incidence of co-infection with other respiratory viruses. To determine the prevalence of HBoV infection in patients with LRTI in Shanghai and its correlation with disease severity, we performed a 3-year prospective study of HBoV in healthy controls, outpatients and inpatients under five years of age with X-ray diagnosed LRTIs. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested by PCR for common respiratory viruses and by real time PCR for ...

Human Bocavirus (HBoV) was discovered in 2005 using a molecular virus screening technique. It is often found in respiratory samples and is a likely cause for respiratory diseases in children. HBoV is distributed worldwide and has been found not only in respiratory samples, but also in feces, urine and serum. HBoV infections are mostly found in young children and coinfections with other respiratory viruses are often found, exacerbating the efforts to link HBoV to specific symptoms. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of recent HBoV research, highlighting some recent findings.

Main Article. The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.. ...

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Human Bocavirus (HBoV) was first identified in 2005 and has been shown to be a common cause of respiratory infections and gastroenteritis in children. In a recent study, we found that 10.7% of children with acute respiratory infections (ARI) were infected by HBoV. Genetic characterization of this virus remains unknown in Central Africa, particularly in Cameroon Leeding us to evaluate the molecular characteristics of HBoV strains in Cameroonian children with ARI. Phylogenetic analysis of partial HBoV VP1/2 sequences showed a low level of nucleotide variation and the circulation of HBoV genotype 1 (HBoV-1) only. Three clades were obtained, two clustering with each of the reference strains ST1 and ST2, and a third group consisting of only Cameroon strains. By comparing with the Swedish reference sequences, ST1 and ST2, Cameroon sequences showed nucleotide and amino acid similarities of respectively 97.36-100% and 98.35-100%. These results could help improve strategies for monitoring and control of

Human bocavirus (HBoV) was identified as the second human parvovirus with pathogenic potential in 2005 in respiratory samples from children suffering from viral respiratory infections of unknown etiology. Since its first description, a large number of clinical studies have been performed that address the clinical significance of HBoV detection and the molecular biology of the virus. This review summarizes the most important steps taken in HBoV research to date and addresses open questions that need to be answered in the future to provide a better understanding of the role of a virus that is difficult to grow in cell culture and is suspected to be a pathogen, although it has not yet fulfilled Kochs postulates.

Test your knowledge of the Parvoviridae virus family with this interactive quiz and printable worksheet. You can use the practice questions to...

Descoberto em 1975 o Parvov rus B19 (B19V) o nico membro da fam lia Parvoviridae que apresenta comportamento patog nico em humanos. A persist ncia do v rus em ...

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and seasonal distributions of HBoV detections among Iranian children presenting with acute respirator...

BACKGROUND: Although the DNA of parvovirus B19 (B19V) is frequently detected in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy or myocarditis, whether the parvovirus causes disease is questionable, since even in healthy individuals the virus persists in various tissues. The same question applies to human bocavirus (HBoV). We have determined the prevalence and quantity of B19V and HBoV DNA in heart tissue of patients who were not experiencing virus-related heart diseases and analyzed whether the seroprevalence corresponded to DNA prevalence in the heart. METHODS: Samples of left-atrium heart tissue and serum were obtained from 100 patients who underwent open-heart surgery. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM against proteins encoded by B19V and HBoV were detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorption assay and immunoblotting. B19V and HBoV DNA concentrations were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in heart tissue and serum samples. Nested PCRs for VP1, K71, and GT3 identified ...

Sorry, this entry is only available in French. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.. 1. Ancel PY, Goffinet F. EPIPAGE 2: a preterm birth cohort in France in 2011. BMC Pediatr. 2014;14:97.. 2. Bajolle F, Meritet JF, Rozenberg F, Chalumeau M, Bonnet D, Gendrel D, Lebon P. Markers of a recent bocavirus infection in children with Kawasaki disease: A year prospective study. Pathol Biol (Paris). 2014;62:365-8.. 3. Barisic I, Boban L, Greenlees R, Garne E, Wellesley D, Calzolari E, Addor MC, Arriola L, Bergman JE, Braz P, Budd JL, Gatt M, Haeusler M, Khoshnood B, Klungsoyr K, McDonnell B, Nelen V, Pierini A, Queisser-Wahrendorf A, Rankin J, Rissmann A, Rounding C, Tucker D, Verellen-Dumoulin C, Dolk H. Holt Oram syndrome: a registry-based study in Europe. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2014;9:156.. 4. Barisic I, Odak L, Loane M, Garne E, Wellesley D, Calzolari E, Dolk H, Addor MC, Arriola L, Bergman J, ...

8- Phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus isolated from children with acute respiratory illnesses and gastroenteritis in Iran Authors: Nadji, SA(Nadji, Seyed Alireza); Poos-Ashkan, L(Poos-Ashkan, Leila); Khalilzadeh, S(Khalilzadeh, Soheila); Baghaie, N(Baghaie, Nooshin); Shiraghaei, MJ(Shiraghaei, Mohammad Jafar); Hassanzad, M(Hassanzad, Maryam); Bolursaz, MR(Bolursaz, Mohammad Reza). Journal: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. ...

Parvovirus are amongst the smallest of the known viruses. They require actively dividing cells. Learn how they are classified and replicate.

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Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a member of the family parvoviridae that has been widely used as a vector for gene therapy because of its safety profile, its ability to transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, and its low immunogenicity. AAV has been detected in many different tissues of several animal species but has not been associated with any disease. As a result of natural infections, antibodies to AAV can be found in many animals including humans. It has been shown that pre-existing AAV antibodies can modulate the safety and efficacy of AAV vector-mediated gene therapy by blocking vector transduction or by redirecting distribution of AAV vectors to tissues other than the target organ. This review will summarize antibody responses against natural AAV infections, as well as AAV gene therapy vectors and their impact in the clinical development of AAV vectors for gene therapy. We will also review and discuss the various methods used for AAV antibody detection and strategies to overcome

Medical definition of Parvoviridae: a family of small single-stranded DNA viruses that have a virion 18 to 26 nanometers in diameter without an…

Conventional genetic improvement of disease resistance in aquatic animal species involves challenge tests or using qPCR to quantify viral load that is costly, time-consuming and causing biosecurity concerns. Recent developments in high throughput next generation genome sequencing platforms such as genotyping by sequencing (GBS) have opened new possibilities for improving disease traits based on DNA information. The principal aim of this study was thus to examine potential application of genomic selection to improve resistance to hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) in banana shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. Specifically, we used a total of 9472 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) developed de novo from GBS platforms to assess accuracy of genomic prediction for HPV resistance and growth, carcass and quality-related traits in this white shrimp species. Our multi-locus mixed model analysis showed moderate heritabilities for HPV resistance (h2 = 0.46) and other traits studied (0.10 to 0.55). ...