Anal high-risk human papillomavirus infection and high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia detected in women and heterosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus Sumanth Gandra, Aline Azar, Mireya WessolosskyDivision of Infectious Disease and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USABackground: Although anal high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and anal cytological abnormalities are highly prevalent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM), there are insufficient data on these abnormalities among HIV-infected heterosexual men (HSM) and women. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of anal HR-HPV, cytological abnormalities, and performance of these screening tests in detecting high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN2+) among our cohort of HIV-infected MSM and non-MSM (HSM and women).Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted with HIV-infected individuals who underwent anal

To investigate the incremental cost effectiveness of two dose human papillomavirus vaccination and of additionally giving a third dose. Cost effectiveness study based on a transmission dynamic model of human papillomavirus vaccination. Two dose schedules for bivalent or quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccines were assumed to provide 10, 20, or 30 years vaccine type protection and cross protection or lifelong vaccine type protection without cross protection. Three dose schedules were assumed to give lifelong vaccine type and cross protection. United Kingdom. Males and females aged 12-74 years. No, two, or three doses of human papillomavirus vaccine given routinely to 12 year old girls, with an initial catch-up campaign to 18 years. Costs (from the healthcare providers perspective), health related utilities, and incremental cost effectiveness ratios. Giving at least two doses of vaccine seems to be highly cost effective across the entire range of scenarios considered at the quadrivalent ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Perception, knowledge and attitude towards human papilloma virus infection and vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among university students. AU - Shafiee, Mohamad Nasir. AU - Kah Teik, Chew. AU - Kampan, Nirmala @ Chandralega. AU - Lim, Pei Shan. AU - Omar, Mohd Hashim. AU - Abdul Ghani, Nur Azurah. AU - Mohd Dali, Ahmad Hatta. PY - 2013/10. Y1 - 2013/10. N2 - Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major factor for cervical cancer. However, routine HPV vaccination to combat the disease is not widely available in most developing countries, and the uptake is poor. Lack of knowledge or awareness may be a factor. This study assessed the perception, knowledge and attitude of university students toward HPV vaccination and cervical cancer prevention. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional survey among 826 students using a validated questionnaire was conducted at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The convenience sampling technique was used to recruits study subjects. The ...

PubMed journal article: Increased risk of oncogenic human papillomavirus infections and incident high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among smokers: experience from the Latin American screening study. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android

TY - JOUR. T1 - Human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in male anogenital sites and semen. AU - Nielson, Carrie M.. AU - Flores, Roberto. AU - Harris, Robin B.. AU - Abrahamsen, Martha. AU - Papenfuss, Mary R.. AU - Dunne, Eileen F.. AU - Markowitz, Lauri E.. AU - Giuliano, Anna R.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2007/6/1. Y1 - 2007/6/1. N2 - Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is sexually transmitted and causes cervical cancer. Although HPV can infect men and women, little is known about infection in men. Specifically, the prevalence of type-specific HPV infection and the distribution of infections by anogenital anatomic site in men are incompletely characterized. Methods: We tested 463 men ages 18 to 40 years for HPV at the glans/corona, penile shaft, scrotum, urethra, perianal area, anal canal, and in a semen sample. Eligible men acknowledged no history of genital warts and had sexual intercourse with a woman within the past year. ...

Cervarix (Prophylactic Human PapillomaVirus Vaccines) - Forecast and Market Analysis to 2022 is a new market research publication announced by Reportstack. The first prophylactic vaccine for immunization against human papillomavirus (HPV) became available in 2006. The global HPV vaccines market is now well established, yet vaccine coverage rates amongst the traditional target population of adolescent girls remain persistently low. Initially HPV vaccines were developed and marketed solely to protect against cervical cancer. In recent years the role of HPV in other cancers has been increasingly recognized which has facilitated a shift towards vaccinating a wider population, most significant has been the inclusion of males in routine vaccine recommendations in some countries. The current HPV vaccines market is dominated by one major player, Mercks Gardasil, with GlaxoSmithKlines (GSKs) HPV vaccine Cervarix providing the only competition. The introduction of Mercks nine-valent vaccine (V503) is ...

Data on the current burden of adenocarcinoma (ADC) and histology-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution are relevant to predict the future impact of prophylactic HPV vaccines. We estimate the proportion of ADC in invasive cervical cancer, the global number of cases of cervical ADC in 2015, the effect of cervical screening on ADC, the number of ADC cases attributable to high-risk HPV types -16, -18, -45, -31 and -33, and the potential impact of HPV vaccination using a variety of data sources including: GLOBOCAN 2008, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) Volume IX, cervical screening data from the World Health Organization/Institut Català dOncologia Information Centre on HPV and cervical cancer, and published literature. ADC represents 9.4% of all ICC although its contribution varies greatly by country and region. The global crude incidence rate of cervical ADC in 2015 is estimated at 1.6 cases per 100,000 women, and the projected worldwide incidence of ADC in 2015 is 56,805 new

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hybrid capture 2 is as effective as PCR testing for high-risk human papillomavirus in head and neck cancers. AU - Hooper, Jody E.. AU - Hebert, Jessica F.. AU - Schilling, Amy. AU - Gross, Neil D.. AU - Schindler, Joshua S.. AU - Lagowski, James P.. AU - Kulesz-Martin, Molly. AU - Corless, Christopher L.. AU - Morgan, Terry K.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Copyright: Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2015/4/22. Y1 - 2015/4/22. N2 - High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a common cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, especially in young male nonsmokers. Accurately diagnosing HPV-associated oral cancers is important, because they have a better prognosis and may be treated differently than smoking-related oral carcinomas. Various methods have been validated to test for high-risk HPV in cervical tissue samples, and they are in routine clinical use to detect dysplasia before it progresses to invasive disease. ...

What is genital HPV infection?. Genital HPV is a common virus that is passed on through genital contact, most often during vaginal and anal sex. About 40 types of HPV can infect the genital areas of men and women.. While most HPV types cause no symptoms and go away on their own, some types can cause cervical cancer in women. These types also have been linked to other less common genital cancers- including cancers of the anus, vagina and vulva (area around the opening of the vagina).. Other types of HPV can cause warts in the genital areas of men and women, called genital warts.. How common is HPV? Approximately 20 million people are currently infected with HPV. At least 50 percent of sexually active men and women get genital HPV infection at some point in their lives. By age 50, at least 80 percent of women will have gotten genital HPV infection. About 6.2 million Americans get a new genital HPV infection each year.. How do I get a genital HPV infection? The types of HPV that infect the genital ...

Slovenščina (Slovenian). Infection with certain types of human papillomaviruses is intimately linked with benign and malignant squamous epithelial cell lesions of the lower genital tract in both sexes. This rela-tionship can be appreciated at many levels, as demonstrated by a wealth of molecular, exper-imental, morphological and clinical data. Despite extensive research, the role of human papillo-mavirus infection in the etiology of similar epithe-lial lesions of the upper part of the respiratory and digestive tract remains obscure. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the present knowledge of human papillomavirus infection and epithelial neoplasms of the larynx and esopha-gus, and to briefly present the results of human papillomavirus studies done in Slovenia.. ...

The objectives of this study were to detect and determine the different genotypes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) found in high-grade squamous preinvasive lesions of the uterine cervix of Cameroonian women. HPV genotyping was conducted on 37 endocervical secretions of women with high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. HPV was found in 31 of the 37 women (83.8%); 9 different HPV genotypes were identified. The genotypes with high oncogenic potential were found in decreasing order of frequency as follows: 16, 18, 45, 33, 35 and 68. The frequency of strains found per patient ranged from 1 to 3. Genotypes 16 and 18 were single in 17 out of 31 patients. They were associated with other HPV genotypes in 4 out of 31 patients. In this study genotypes 16 and 18 are the most frequent genotypes encountered in high grade squamous preinvasive cervical lesions in Yaounde. This finding, if confirmed on a larger sample, portrays the potential effectiveness of HPV vaccines in the Cameroonian population as a preventive

Human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness Dr. SWNS:South West Gardasil vaccine effectiveness Service 9 Gardasil gardasil vaccine efficacy effectiveness claims she has been left wheelchair-bound as a gardasil vaccine efficacy of a HPV jab she received at school But she claims a human papillomavirus HPV vaccine left her wheelchair-bound, shattering her dreams and leaving her constantly fatigued and her muscles wasting away.

As immunization programs for human papillomavirus (HPV) are implemented more widely around the world, interest is increasing in measuring their impact. One early measurable impact of HPV vaccine is on the prevalence of specific HPV types in a population. In low-resource settings, a potentially attractive strategy would be to monitor HPV prevalence using clinical cervical cancer screening test results to triage specimens for HPV typing. We assessed this approach in a nationally representative population of U.S. females aged 14-59 years. Using self-collected cervico-vaginal swab specimens from 4,150 women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2003-2006, we evaluated type-specific HPV prevalence detected by the Roche linear array (LA) research test on all specimens, compared with type-specific HPV prevalence detected by LA conducted only on specimens positive by the digene hybrid capture 2 (HC-2) clinical test. We calculated weighted prevalence estimates and ...

본 연구는 보건 계열 대학생의 HPV 지식과 HPV 관련 건강신념 및 감염 예방행위의도와의 관계를 확인하기 위하여 D시와 M시에서 2014년 6월 1일부터 6월 15일까지 보건계열대학생 264명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. HPV 지식, 건강신념, 감염 예방행위의도는 대체로 낮은 점수를 보였고, HPV 지식과 건강신념간의 상관관계가 없게 나타났다. 그러나 HPV 예방접종 관련 건강신념이 높을수록 감염 예방행위의도는 높아졌다. 따라서 향후 HPV 관련 건강신념 및 감염 예방행위를 높일 수 있도록 HPV 지식을 포함한 구체적인 교육 프로그램 등의 방법이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge level, health beliefs related to HPV vaccination and HPV preventive behavior intention of human papilloma virus among health college student in Korea. A

TY - JOUR. T1 - Detection and Concentration of Plasma Aflatoxin Is Associated with Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Kenyan Women. AU - Zhang, Jianjun. AU - OrangO, Omenge. AU - Tonui, Philip. AU - Tong, Yan. AU - Maina, Titus. AU - Kiptoo, Stephen. AU - Muthoka, Katpen. AU - Groopman, John. AU - Smith, Joshua. AU - Madeen, Erin. AU - Ermel, Aaron. AU - Loehrer, Patrick. AU - Brown, Darron R.. PY - 2019/10/5. Y1 - 2019/10/5. N2 - Background: Cervical cancer is common in Kenyan women. Cofactors in addition to infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) are likely to be important in causing cervical cancer, because only a small percentage of HPV-infected women will develop this malignancy. Kenyan women are exposed to dietary aflatoxin, a potent carcinogen and immunosuppressive agent, which may be such a cofactor. Methods: Demographics, behavioral data, plasma, and cervical swabs were collected from 88 human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected Kenyan women without cervical ...

Delory T., Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole, Rangdaeng S., Chotivanich N., Limtrakul A., Putiyanun C., Suriyachai P., Matanasarawut W., Jarupanich T., Liampongsabuddhi P., Heard I., Jourdain Gonzague, Lallemant Marc, Le Coeur S., PapilloV study group (collab.). (2017). Human Papillomavirus infection and cervical lesions in HIV-1-infected women on antiretroviral treatment in Thailand. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 20 (Suppl. 5), 92-93. IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017) , 9., Paris (FRA), 2017/07/23-26. ISSN 1758-2652. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A study of type-specific HPV natural history and implications for contemporary cervical cancer screening programs. AU - Demarco, Maria. AU - Hyun, Noorie. AU - Carter-Pokras, Olivia. AU - Raine-Bennett, Tina R.. AU - Cheung, Li. AU - Chen, Xiaojian. AU - Hammer, Anne. AU - Campos, Nicole. AU - Kinney, Walter. AU - Gage, Julia C.. AU - Befano, Brian. AU - Perkins, Rebecca B.. AU - He, Xin. AU - Dallal, Cher. AU - Chen, Jie. AU - Poitras, Nancy. AU - Mayrand, Marie Helene. AU - Coutlee, Francois. AU - Burk, Robert D.. AU - Lorey, Thomas. AU - Castle, Philip E.. AU - Wentzensen, Nicolas. AU - Schiffman, Mark. N1 - Funding Information: The study was funded by the NCI Intramural Research Program, the National Cancer Institute ( CA78527 ), and was made possible by the routine clinical care provided at KPNC. The analysis tool for competing risks was validated by a simulation study, partially supported by Institutional Research Grant IRG #16-183-31 from the American Cancer Society and ...

Human papillomavirus prevalence, viral load and pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix in women initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a cross-sectional study. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

The vaginal microbiota plays a significant role in health and disease of the female reproductive tract. Next-generation sequencing techniques based upon the analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes permit in-depth study of vaginal microbial community structure to a level of detail not possible with standard culture-based microbiological techniques. The human papillomavirus (HPV) causes both cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Although the virus is highly prevalent, only a small number of women have a persistent HPV infection and subsequently develop clinically significant disease. There is emerging evidence which leads us to conclude that increased diversity of vaginal microbiota combined with reduced relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. is involved in HPV acquisition and persistence and the development of cervical precancer and cancer. In this review, we summarise the current literature and discuss potential mechanisms for the involvement of vaginal microbiota in the evolution

Overall, men were less willing to receive HPV vaccine when framed as preventing genital warts than when framed as also preventing several HPV-related cancers. This finding is similar to those from studies in which womens interest in HPV vaccine for themselves and for their adolescent daughters was higher when it was presented as preventing cervical cancer (10, 11). Although previous research indicated that including cervical cancer protection benefits for female partners did not affect HPV vaccine acceptability in males (12), we found that including cancer protection benefits for the males themselves resulted in greater acceptability of the vaccine. Furthermore, our experiment suggests that it does not matter which type of cancer was presented.. Consistent with other studies of HPV vaccine acceptability among males (12, 29, 30), men in our experiment were moderately willing to get vaccinated against HPV (31). Although gay and bisexual men were more willing to get HPV vaccine than their ...

Despite the demonstrated role of human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of cervical cancer and the strong evidence suggesting the importance of HPV in the development of oropharyngeal cancer, several aspects of the interrelationship between HPV infection in both body sites remain unknown, specifically in female human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive (HIV+) patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence, distribution, and concordance of cervical and oral HPV in HIV+ women and matched HIV-negative (HIV-) controls in Brazil. Cervical and endocervical samples for cytological screening and HPV detection and oral samples were collected from 115 HIV+ women using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 139 HIV-matched controls (HIV-) in Maringá City, Brazil. Risk factors were assessed using a standardized questionnaire, and the data regarding HIV infection were obtained from the patients medical records. HPV detection and typing were performed using the Kit Multiplex XGEN Multi HPV Chip HS12.

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is best known as the etiological agentof cervical cancer in women. Worldwide, cervical cancer is the secondmost common form of cancer in women. However, HPV can causemany more diseases including: genital warts, vulvar cancer, vaginalcancer, head and neck cancers, and anal cancer. The most common formof transmission is sexual contact. Unlike some sexually transmitteddiseases, penetrative sex is not necessary for HPV transmission; the viruscan spread easily through skin-skin contact. In fact, most adults will beexposed to HPV at some point during their life, but only a smallpercentage will develop cancer. Certain populations do have an increasedrisk of contracting an HPV infection: patients with humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; people with multiple sexualpartners; and people that do not consistently use condoms; however,this link has only been shown in longitudinal studies (HumanPapillomavirus and HPV vaccines: Technical Information for PolicyMakers and ...

Data on the epidemiology of HPV from resource poor countries are sparse, mainly due to lack of longitudinal studies. A constraint on performing these studies has been recruiting and retaining participants to studies, which require pelvic examination for collection of cervical specimens. This analysis based on self-collected vaginal swabs showed that HR-HPV incidence and clearance from a rural community in Uganda mirrors studies of the epidemiology of HPV based on cervical samples. These findings have important implications for future longitudinal studies in settings where resource constraints limit pelvic exams and, most importantly, where women are reluctant to participate in studies that rely on pelvic exams for data collection (25, 30-32).. We were comfortable using self-collected vaginal swab to determine the epidemiology of HPV, because in an earlier paper we validated HPV DNA detection from self-collected vaginal swabs to physician-collected cervical swabs showing very good agreement ...

Learn more about Human Papillomavirus Vaccine at Grand Strand Medical Center What Is Human Papillomavirus?What Is the HPV Vaccine?Who Should Be Vaccinated and When?What...

Learn more about Human Papillomavirus Vaccine at TriStar Centennial What Is Human Papillomavirus?What Is the HPV Vaccine?Who Should Be Vaccinated and When?What Are...

article{9e26cd77-e33a-4061-b74b-6dd6a644862d, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Primary cervical screening with both human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing and cytological examination of cervical cells with a Pap test (cytology) has been evaluated in randomized clinical trials. Because the vast majority of women with positive cytology are also HPV DNA positive, screening strategies that use HPV DNA testing as the primary screening test may be more effective. METHODS: We used the database from the intervention arm (n = 6,257 women) of a population-based randomized trial of double screening with cytology and HPV DNA testing to evaluate the efficacy of 11 possible cervical screening strategies that are based on HPV DNA testing alone, cytology alone, and HPV DNA testing combined with cytology among women aged 32-38 years. The main outcome measures were sensitivity for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) within 6 months of enrollment or at colposcopy for women with a ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infection belong to the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Estimated prevalences of subclinical genital HPV-infection in the immunocompetent sexually active population range from 10 to above 50%. Genetic or iatrogenic immunosuppression is known to play a decisive role in the initiation of a variety of cutaneous neoplasias and their precursor lesions. In this context, HPV-associated anogenital malignancies occur with high frequency in patients with HIV-infection. In several studies, perianal HPV-infections have been detected in up to 90% of HIV-positive men and a high incidence of anal dysplasia has been reported in these patients. The data concerning the incidence of oral HPV-infection in HIV-positive men, especially in the era of highly antiretroviral therapy, are conflicting. Thus, this prospective study mainly focuses on the incidence and prevalence of oral HPV-infection, spectrum of HPV-types, and oral high-risk HPV viral load in HIV-positive men ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infection belong to the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Estimated prevalences of subclinical genital HPV-infection in the immunocompetent sexually active population range from 10 to above 50%. Genetic or iatrogenic immunosuppression is known to play a decisive role in the initiation of a variety of cutaneous neoplasias and their precursor lesions. In this context, HPV-associated anogenital malignancies occur with high frequency in patients with HIV-infection. In several studies, perianal HPV-infections have been detected in up to 90% of HIV-positive men and a high incidence of anal dysplasia has been reported in these patients. The data concerning the incidence of oral HPV-infection in HIV-positive men, especially in the era of highly antiretroviral therapy, are conflicting. Thus, this prospective study mainly focuses on the incidence and prevalence of oral HPV-infection, spectrum of HPV-types, and oral high-risk HPV viral load in HIV-positive men ...

Public Health Reports Volume 133, Issue 1, January/February 2018 http://phr.sagepub.com/content/current Research Authority of Pharmacists to Administer Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: Alignment of State Laws With Age-Level Recommendations One strategy to increase the uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among adolescents is through the use of pharmacists. Our objectives were to (1) use a publicly available…

TY - JOUR. T1 - Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus in Taiwanese women. AU - Jeng, Cherng Jye. AU - Ko, Ma Lee. AU - Ling, Qing Dong. AU - Shen, Jenta. AU - Lin, Hui Wen. AU - Tzeng, Chii Ruey. AU - Ho, Chih Ming. AU - Chien, Tsai Yen. AU - Chen, Su Chee. PY - 2005/10. Y1 - 2005/10. N2 - Purpose: To define the prevalence rate of cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) using DNA oligonucleotide microarray and its correlation with risk factors in Taiwanese women in metropolitan Taipei. Methods: Thirteen hundred and twenty healthy women, aged 21-65 yr without history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or carcinoma were included in this prospective study. Pap smear and HPV typing using oligonucleotide microarray were performed for each woman. They were given a standardized questionnaire to obtain information about the risk factors of cervical cancer in Taiwan. Results: The overall HPV positivity was 19.85% and multiple infections were found in 35.84% of the infected group, 7.92% of the ...

The apolipoprotein B messenger RNA-editing, enzyme-catalytic, polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) family of cytidine deaminases plays an important role in the innate immune response to viral infections by editing viral genomes. However, the cytidine deaminase activity of APOBEC3 enzymes also induces somatic mutations in host genomes, which may drive cancer progression. Recent studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and disease outcome highlight this duality. HPV infection is potently inhibited by one family member, APOBEC3A. Expression of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B is highly elevated by the HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 during persistent virus infection and disease progression. Furthermore, there is a high prevalence of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B mutation signatures in HPV-associated cancers. These findings suggest that induction of an APOBEC3-mediated antiviral response during HPV infection may inadvertently contribute to cancer mutagenesis and virus evolution. Here, we discuss current understanding of APOBEC3A

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of knowledge and attitudes toward human papillomavirus, HPV vaccine, pap tests, and cervical cancer between US and Peruvian women. AU - Han, Chi Son. AU - Ferris, Daron G.. AU - Waller, Jennifer. AU - Tharp, Philip. AU - Walter, Jessica. AU - Allmond, Lynn. PY - 2012/4. Y1 - 2012/4. N2 - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the knowledge and attitudes toward human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine, Pap tests, and cervical cancer among US and Peruvian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A convenience sample of 275 US women in Augusta, GA, and 702 Peruvian women living in or near Cusco, Peru, completed 22- or 21-item questionnaires, respectively. These questionnaires determined their knowledge about HPV, the HPV vaccine, Pap tests, and cervical cancer. Simple logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between location and language on the correct responses. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: US ...

Comprehensive postvaccination surveillance should not only consider reductions of vaccine type-specific infection and associated disease but should also assess any other potential effects of reductions of targeted infections. We assessed changes in nonvaccine HPV types to determine evidence of cross-protection for individual HPV types and to investigate the potential concern that reductions in certain HPV types after the introduction of HPV vaccination in a population could create a niche that enables other nonvaccine high-risk HPV types to become more common (i.e., type replacement). We found evidence of a reduction in the prevalence of HPV31 among girls and women ,19 years of age. Our main analysis showed increases in other nonvaccine HPV types (HPV39, HPV52, HPV53, HPV58, and HPV73), but these increases were inconsistent for the 2 age groups examined and the vaccines used.. A previous systematic review evaluated changes in high-risk HPV types combined and found evidence of a reduction in the ...

Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Since 2006, two Human Papillomavirus vaccines (HPVV ) have been licensed to protect women against the virus that causes cervical cancer. However, worldwide coverage remains unequal. Studies from the USA found strong evidence for differences in HPVV uptake by ethnicity and healthcare coverage. As the profile of ethnic groups and the healthcare system in the USA differ from countries in Europe where HPVV is free in most of the countries, we conducted a systematic review in order to analyze the determinants of HPVV uptake in Europe.Methods We performed a systematic Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct search to find articles published from HPVV availability in European countries until April 2014. No age restriction was applied. We included all studies assessing factors associated with HPVV uptake. Uptake refers to either initiation and/or completion of the three dose vaccination program. Results Out of the 23 eligible

Cervical cancer ranks second among all cancers reported in Sri Lankan women. This study assessed the prevalence and type-distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) among Sri Lankan women with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and pre-cancerous lesions. 114 women aged 21 years and above, hospitalized in the National Cancer Institute, Sri Lanka with a diagnosis of ICC or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3 were prospectively enrolled between October 2009 and September 2010 (110430/NCT01221987). The cervical biopsy or excision specimens collected during routine clinical procedures were subjected to histopathological review. DNA was extracted from samples with a confirmed histological diagnosis and was amplified using polymerase chain reaction and HPV DNA was detected using Enzyme Immuno Assay. HPV positive samples were typed using reverse hybridization Line Probe Assay. Of the cervical samples collected, 93.0% (106/114) had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of either ICC (98/106) or CIN 2/3 (8/106

Introduction In Japan, after receiving human papillomavirus vaccination, a significant number of adolescent girls experienced various symptoms, the vast majority of which have been ascribed to chronic...

Human papillomavirus vaccination in Oxford Medical clinic Kiev. European approach, professional specialists, budget-friendly prices, over 10 years of experience.

Immunological studies of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with CNS symptoms after human papillomavirus vaccination. Highlights. Abstract.

To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive systematic review for a single country. Other HPV prevalence reviews included worldwide data and grouped all countries in North America together [27, 28, 65]. The past reviews included few Canadian studies, while data from 30 Canadian studies along with 21 companion reports were included here. Previous reviews focused on HPV prevalence among cervical cancer [27, 28, 65], HIV [82] or healthy individuals [83]. Our review includes data on the full spectrum of HR HPV infection, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the role of HPV genotypes in different manifestations of infection.. HPV prevalence data are required to provide information related to baseline HPV burden of disease when implementing vaccination programs. All of the included studies were either conducted prior to HPV vaccination or did not include vaccinated individuals. These data can be used to evaluate current HPV vaccination program in the future, including vaccine impact on ...

This multicenter study describes the type-specific prevalence of HPV infection in the general population from central and southern Italy, comparing the data with previously published Italian studies. Women aged from 25 to 65 who attended cervical cancer screening in five different Italian regions were tested for HPV infection with Hybrid Capture II (HCII) low and high risk probes. Women repeating Pap-test upon unsatisfactory or positive results, or as a post-treatment and post-colposcopy follow-up analysis, were excluded from our study. High risk (HR) HPV positive samples were typed using GP5+/GP6+ primed PCR, followed by Reverse Line Blot for 18 high/intermediate risk HPV types, while low risk (LR) HPV positive samples were tested with type specific primers for HPV6 and HPV11. 3817 women had a valid HCII test: 350 of them (9.2%) were positive for HR probes, 160 (4.2%) for LR probes, while 57 women were positive for both. Multiple infections were detected in 97 HR HPV positive women. The most common

Background : Major risk factors for invasive cervical cancer include infection with human papillomavirus HPV, infection with other sexually transmitted pathogens e.g., Chla-mydia trachomatis, and smoking. Since exposures to these risk factors can be related, the contribution of any single factor to cervical carcinogenesis has been difficult to...

CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (Araflt rma) DIAGNOSING HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AND HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 16 BY REALTIME PCR IN PATIENT UNDERGONE TO COLPOSCOPY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIAGNOSIS Sibel OZDAS 1,

The results of HPV detection in 550 cervical samples by cervical cytology were compared with the sequencing analysis and HPV genotyping 9G membrane test. The HPV genotyping 9G membrane test can efficiently identify and discriminate five HR-HPV genotypes. The 100% identical results of HPV genotyping 9G membrane tests with the sequencing results in 550 clinical samples ensure its wide clinical applicability. The simple handling steps and the portable scanning device make the HPV genotyping 9G membrane test applicable in point-of-care settings. Moreover, the HPV genotyping 9G membrane test allows one to obtain final results in 30 min at 25 °C by simply loading the hybridization and washing solution and scanning the membranes without any drying steps or special handling. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the HPV genotyping 9G membrane test was found to be 100%, which is much higher than cervical cytology.

article{9f04c3bf-9d68-4d11-a5ff-d5704b4098d0, abstract = {Phase III trials have demonstrated the efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in preventing transient and persistent high-risk (hr) HPV infection and precancerous lesions. A mathematical model of HPV type 16 infection and progression to cervical cancer, parameterised to represent the infection in Finland, was used to explore the optimal age at vaccination and pattern of vaccine introduction. In the long term, the annual proportion of cervical cancer cases prevented is much higher when early adolescents are targeted. Vaccinating against hr HPV generates greater long-term benefits if vaccine is delivered before the age at first sexual intercourse. However, vaccinating 12 year olds delays the predicted decrease in cervical cancer, compared to vaccinating older adolescents or young adults. Vaccinating males as well as females has more impact on the proportion of cases prevented when vaccinating at younger ages. Implementing catch-up ...

Accuracy and cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening by high-risk human papillomavirus DNA testing of self-collected vaginal samples.

1. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM. et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999;189(1):12-9 2. Burd EM. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(1):1-17 3. Boyer SN, Wazer DE, Band V. E7 protein of human papilloma virus-16 induces degradation of retinoblastoma protein through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Cancer Res. 1996;56(20):4620-4 4. Thomas M, Pim D, Banks L. The role of the E6-p53 interaction in the molecular pathogenesis of HPV. Oncogene. 1999;18(53):7690-700 5. Thierry F. Transcriptional regulation of the papillomavirus oncogenes by cellular and viral transcription factors in cervical carcinoma. Virology. 2009;384(2):375-9 6. Badaracco G, Venuti A, Sedati A. et al. HPV16 and HPV18 in genital tumors: significantly different levels of viral integration and correlation to tumor invasiveness. J Med Virol. 2002;67(4):574-82 7. Romanczuk H, Howley PM. Disruption of either the E1 or the E2 regulatory ...

Guidance for primary care trust human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) uptake coordinators on how to determine the annual denominators and enter the vaccine uptake data.

Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in Malawi. The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates are estimated to be 75.9 and 49.8 per 100,000 population, respectively. The availability of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine presents an opportunity to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer. In 2013, the country introduced a school-class-based HPV vaccination pilot project in two districts. The aim of this study was to evaluate HPV vaccine coverage, lessons learnt and challenges identified during the first three years of implementation. This was an evaluation of the HPV vaccination project targeting adolescent girls aged 9-13 years conducted in Malawi from 2013 to 2016. We analysed programme data, supportive supervision reports and minutes of National HPV Task Force meetings to determine HPV vaccine coverage, reasons for partial or no vaccination and challenges. Administrative coverage was validated using a community-based coverage survey. A total of 26,766 in

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 was confirmed by biopsy in 28 women. On the basis of survival analysis, the cumulative incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia at two years was 28 percent among women with a positive test for HPV and 3 percent among those without detectable HPV DNA. The risk was highest among those with HPV type 16 or 18 infection (adjusted relative risk as compared with that in women without HPV infection, 11; 95 percent confidence interval, 4.6 to 26; attributable risk, 52 percent). All 24 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 among HPV-positive women were detected within 24 months after the first positive test for HPV. After adjustment for the presence of HPV infection, the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was also associated with younger age at first intercourse, the presence of serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis, the presence of serum antibodies to cytomegalovirus, and cervical infection with Neisseria ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Low grade peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis associated with human papilloma virus infection. T2 - case report.. AU - Gatalica, Zoran. AU - Foster, Jason M.. AU - Loggie, Brian W.. PY - 2008/10. Y1 - 2008/10. N2 - Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a clinical syndrome characterized by peritoneal dissemination of a mucinous tumor with mucinous ascites. The vast majority of the pseudomyxoma peritonei are associated with mucinous neoplasms of the appendix. We describe a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cervix in a 60-year-old woman. The patient developed low grade mucinous peritoneal carcinomatosis 8 years after hysterectomy for cervical adenocarcinoma. No other primary mucinous tumor was identified and peritoneal carcinomatosis tested positive for high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV), showing both integrated and episomal pattern. HPV has been previously associated with development of cervical carcinomas (both squamous and mucinous) but neither ...

Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine and autoimmune adverse events: a case-control assessment of the vaccine adverse events.

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mahmud et al evaluated the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical dysplasia using population-based individual level data routinely collected in Manitoba. They found that a high proportion of vaccinated women may not be protected against high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and lesser dysplasia, particularly those vaccinated at age ≥ 18 years and those with abnormal cytology before vaccination.. Study Details. In the study, 3,541 females aged ≥ 15 years who privately received the quadrivalent vaccine in Manitoba between September 2006 and April 2010 were matched for age with up to three unvaccinated females (n = 9,594). Cox regression models were used to estimate risk for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, low-grade squamous intraepithelial, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.. Most vaccinated subjects (61%) and unvaccinated subjects (64%) were aged 15 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Smokers at higher risk for undetected antibody for oncogenic human papillomavirus type 16 infection. AU - Wiley, Dorothy J.. AU - Wiesmeier, Edward. AU - Masongsong, Emmanuel. AU - Gylys, Karen H.. AU - Koutsky, Laura A.. AU - Ferris, Daron Gale. AU - Barr, Eliav. AU - Rao, Jian Yu. PY - 2006/5/1. Y1 - 2006/5/1. N2 - Objective: To determine the association between tobacco smoking and serologic evidence of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-specific antibodies among HPV16 DNA-positive women. Design, Setting, and Participants: Baseline health history, physical examination, and laboratory data for 205 HPV16 DNA-positive women with no prior cytologic evidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions who were enrolled subsequently in a randomized clinical trial. Main Outcome Measure: HPV16-L1 antibody (anti-HPV16 antibody) detected from serum using RIA or ELISA. Results: Eighty-seven percent (179 of 205) of women tested positive for HPV16 DNA using cervicovaginal swabs or lavage ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Age-related changes in pre- and post-conization HPV genotype distribution among women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. AU - Giannella, Luca. AU - Fodero, Cristina. AU - Boselli, Fausto. AU - Rubino, Teresa. AU - Mfuta, Kabala. AU - Prandi, Sonia. PY - 2017/4/1. Y1 - 2017/4/1. N2 - Objective: To assess the effect of age on pre- and post-conization HPV genotype distribution. Methods: The present retrospective observational study included consecutive women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who underwent conization at the Cervical Cancer Screening Centre of Reggio Emilia, Italy, and University Hospital of Modena, Italy, between February 1, 2012, and October 31, 2014. Pre-conization and 6-month post-conization HPV genotyping results were compared between four age groups (,30, 30-39, 40-49, and ≥50 years) and age-related changes in the HPV genotypes present were evaluated. Results: There were 162 patients included. The lowest occurrence of ...

This observational post-marketing study investigated the tolerability of human papillomavirus vaccine in pregnant women for the prevention of human

The most common HPV genotypes found were HPV 16 and HPV 18, occurring in 66.1% (37/56) and 17.8% (10/56), respectively, of the 56 cases that could be definitively genotyped. Other HPV genotypes found were HPV 45, which occurred in five cases (5/56, 8.9%), and HPV 33, HPV 35, HPV 39, and HPV 52, each of which occurred once (1.8%) (Table 1).. In this study, HPV 16 and HPV 18 together were associated with 83.9% of the cases of invasive cervical cancers analyzed. This amount differs significantly from the findings of the previous Trinidad study of women with no previous diagnosis of cervical cancer, in which HPV 16 and HPV 18 together accounted for only 18.2% of all HPV infections and for 24% of all high-risk infections (7). Only a subset (7 of 16) of the high-risk HPV genotypes detected in the previous study were found to be associated with the cases of invasive cervical cancer analyzed in this study.. A vast majority of HPV infections are transient, with as much as 90% of detected infections being ...

Human papillomavirus type 11 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 18 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 31 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 33 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 45 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 52 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 6 L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 58 L1 ...

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor of the cervix, a part of the female reproductive tract. Recent studies have found the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to be efficient in preventing high-grade cervical lesions. However, the exact effects and efficacy of the vaccine are not known. This study aims to evaluate the association between quadrivalent HPV vaccination and the risk of invasive cervical cancer.. This study included an open population of 1,672,983 girls and women aged 10-30 years. The researchers evaluated the association between HPV vaccination and the risk of invasive cervical cancer, keeping factors like follow-up and parental characteristics in check. The primary outcome of the study was the subsequent risk of invasive cervical cancer after HPV vaccination.. The included participants were evaluated for cervical cancer until they turned 31. The findings suggested that cervical cancer was reported in 19 women who had undergone quadrivalent HPV vaccination. In comparison, 438 women ...

This trial will investigate East Indian Sandalwood Oil (EISO) in pediatric patients with Human papillomavirus infections skin warts

Recent literature data suggest that the high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) testing with several molecular techniques could be an alternative to cytology in the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). However, any molecular techniques have its own limits and may give false negative results which must be clearly known before undertaking a primary HPV screening. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the high-risk HPV hybrid capture II detection kit (HCII) which is considered as a “gold standard technique” in a series of 100 women having proved both cytological lesions of atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude an HSIL (ASC-H) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and histological lesions of CIN2+. The clinical sensitivity of HCII in women with a cytological diagnosis of ASC-H/HSIL and a diagnosis of CIN2+ is high but not absolute and estimated at 96% (95,6% and 100% of women with a diagnosis of CIN2/3 or

Given that high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of virtually all cervical cancer, the clinical meaning of HPV-negative cervical precancer is unknown. We, therefore, conducted a literature search in Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar to identify English-language studies in which (i) HPV-negative and -positive, histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe diagnoses (CIN2+) were detected and (ii) summarized statistics or deidentified individual data were available to summarize proportions of biomarkers indicating risk of cancer. Nineteen studies including 3,089 (91.0%) HPV-positive and 307 (9.0%) HPV-negative CIN2+ were analyzed. HPV-positive CIN2+ (vs. HPV-negative CIN2+) was more likely to test positive for biomarkers linked to cancer risk: a study diagnosis of CIN3+ (vs. CIN2; 18 studies; 0.56 vs. 0.24; P , 0.001) preceding high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology (15 studies; 0.54 vs. 0.10; P , 0.001); and ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been etiologically linked to oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The prevalence of HPV-positive OPSCC varies between studies, ranging from 20 to 90%. This may be related to the lack of a standardized HPV detection assay as well as to the time period in which HPV prevalence is investigated, as rising incidence rates are reported over the last decades. Here, we validated our previously defined test algorithm for HPV detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimen consisting of p16INK4A immunostaining followed by high-risk HPV DNA detection by GP5+/6+ PCR on the positive cases (Smeets et al., Int J Cancer 2007;121:2465-72). In addition, we analyzed HPV prevalence rates in OPSCCs in the years 1990-2010. The test algorithm was validated on a consecutive series of 86 OPSCCs collected during 2008-2011, of which both fresh frozen and FFPE samples were available. We performed HPV-E6 RT-PCR on the frozen samples as gold standard and ...

Low rate of human papillomavirus vaccination among schoolgirls in Lebanon: barriers to vaccination with a focus on mothers knowledge about available vaccines Maria J Abou El-Ola,1 Mariam A Rajab,2 Dania I Abdallah,3 Ismail A Fawaz,4 Lyn S Awad,5 Hani M Tamim,6 Ahmad O Ibrahim,7 Anas M Mugharbil,7 Rima A Moghnieh8 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 2Department of Pediatrics, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 3Department of Pharmacy, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Iklim Health Foundation Hospital, Mazboud, Mount Lebanon, Chouf, Lebanon; 5Department of Pharmacy, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 6Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; 7Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; 8Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut,

Persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma viruses: cohort study, Mérida, Venezuela Luis Téllez1, Elvia Michelli1, 2, José Andrés Mendoza1

E7 proteins are major oncoproteins of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which play a key role in cervical carcinogenesis. These proteins have been shown to immortalize primary human cells. Due to the absence of antibodies with suitable sensitivity and specificity, little is known about expression of the E7 oncoproteins in naturally infected tissues. Recently, high-level expression of the E7 protein of HPV-16, the most prevalent oncogenic HPV type, was demonstrated in cervical carcinomas by immunohistochemistry; however, approximately 15 additional high-risk HPV types are known to be associated with cervical carcinoma. It is unknown whether the E7 oncoproteins of HPV-18 and -45, the second and third most prevalent HPV types, are expressed in cervical cancers. Using antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 E7 proteins, it is shown here for the first time that the HPV-18 and -45 E7 proteins can be detected in cervical carcinoma biopsies. Together with anti-HPV-16 E7 antibodies, this could create the

Source: The Lancet. Summary: Background. Australia introduced a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme with the quadrivalent HPV vaccine for all women aged 12-26 years between 2007 and 2009. We analysed trends in cervical abnormalities in women in Victoria, Australia, before and after introduction of the vaccination program.. Methods. With data from the Victorian Cervical Cytology Registry between 2003 and 2009, we compared the incidence of histopathologically defined high-grade cervical abnormalities (HGAs, lesions coded as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse or adenocarcinoma in situ; primary outcome) and low-grade cytological abnormalities (LGAs) in five age groups before (Jan 1, 2003, to March 31, 2007) and after (April 1, 2007, to Dec 31, 2009) the vaccination programme began. Binary comparisons between the two periods were done with Fishers exact test. Poisson piecewise regression analysis was used to compare incident rate trends.. Findings. After the ...

We studied histologic examination-related factors contributing to false-negative colposcopic biopsy results. Patients positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA with negative cervical histologic findings were identified between January 2002 and December 2003. Three additional H&E-stained levels were obtained when the original diagnosis was confirmed on review. Patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC) Papanicolaou test results, positive HPV DNA results, and negative cervical histologic findings accounted for 4.5% of all ASC smears submitted for HPV DNA testing. Slides and tissue blocks were available for 95 cases; 4% had focal HPV infection or mild dysplasia. When deeper levels were examined, 31% had clinically significant lesions: HPV infection or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 19%; CIN 2/3, 8%; and dysplasia, not otherwise specified, 3%. Of the remaining patients, follow-up revealed squamous abnormalities in 25%. About 5% of patients with ...

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 108 cases of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix, consisting of 40 cases of adenocarcinoma, 44 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma, and, as a control, 24 cases of squamous cell carcinoma were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by in situ hybridization of high sensitivity using tritium-labeled HPV-2, HPV-6, HPV-16, and HPV-18 DNA probes. This method detects five genome copies of homologous HPV DNA per cell. HPV DNA was detected with mixed HPV DNA probes in 17 cases (42.5%) of adenocarcinoma, 16 cases (36.4%) of adenosquamous carcinoma, and in 13 cases (54.2%) of squamous cell carcinoma. The types of HPV DNA in the HPV-positive tissues were also analyzed with each individual probe under high stringency conditions. HPV-18 DNA was detected in all but one case of the HPV DNA-positive adenocarcinoma and one-half of the HPV DNA-positive adenosquamous carcinoma. HPV-16 DNA was detected in one case of the HPV DNA-positive ...

לקריאת הפוסט המלא על חיסון הפפילומה - האם הוא בטוח ויעיל - ליחצו כאן. 1. Demyelinating disease and vaccination of the human papillomavirus. Álvarez-Soria MJ, Hernández-González A, Carrasco-García de León S, del Real-Francia MÁ, Gallardo-Alcañiz MJ, López-Gómez JL. Rev Neurol, 2011, 52, 472. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21425100. 2. Demyelinating disease and polyvalent human papilloma virus vaccination. Chang J, Campagnolo D, Vollmer TL, Bomprezzi R. J Neurol-Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2010, 1-3.. http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/early/2010/10/08/jnnp.2010.214924.extract. 3. Human papilloma virus vaccine and primary ovarian failure: another facet of the autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. Colafrancesco S, Perricone C, Tomljenovic L, Shoenfeld Y. Am. J Reprod Immunol, 2013, 70, 309. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23902317. 4. Pancreatitis following human papillomavirus vaccination. Das A, Chang D, Biankin AV, Merrett ...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to amplify the long control region (LCR) of episomal human papillomavirus type 16 from cervical scrape DNA obtained from a woman with no evidence of cervical disease and a woman with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN 3). An 883 base pair fragment containing the entire LCR was cloned into pUC13 and the DNA sequence determined for both isolates and compared with the prototype HPV type 16 LCR DNA sequence. Nucleotide variation was apparent in the LCRs derived from both women. In the case of the sample derived from the woman with no cervical disease, there were three nucleotide deletions, one insertion, four transversions, and three transitions (overall conservation: 98.7%). In contrast, the LCR derived from the woman with CIN 3 showed significantly more nucleotide variation with two nucleotide deletions, one insertion, nine transversions, and ten nucleotide transitions (overall conservation 97.6%). Using computer analyses coupled with

Papillomaviruses are a group of ubiquitous viruses that are often found in normal skin of humans, as well as a range of different vertebrates. In this study, swab samples collected from the healthy skin of 225 Australian animals from 54 species were analysed for the presence of papillomavirus DNA with the general skin papillomavirus primer pair FAP59/FAP64. A total of five putative and potential new animal papillomavirus types were identified from three different animal species. The papillomaviruses were detected in one monotreme and two marsupial species: three from koalas, and one each from an Eastern grey kangaroo and an echidna. The papillomavirus prevalence in the three species was 14 % (10/72) in koalas, 20 % (1/5) in echidnas and 4 % (1/23) in Eastern grey kangaroos. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the putative koala papillomavirus type that could be cloned and it appears in the phylogenetic tree as a novel putative papillomavirus genus. The data extend the range of species infected by

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are high, particularly in developing countries. Most cervical cancers can be prevented by human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening, and timely treatment. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides global technical assistance for implementation and evaluation of HPV vaccination pilot projects and programs and laboratory-related HPV activities to assess HPV vaccines. CDC collaborates with global partners to develop global cervical cancer screening recommendations and manuals, implement screening, create standardized evaluation tools, and provide expertise to monitor outcomes. CDC also trains epidemiologists in cancer prevention through its Field Epidemiology Training Program and is working to improve cancer surveillance by supporting efforts of the World Health Organization in developing cancer registry hubs and assisting countries in estimating costs for developing population-based cancer registries. These activities ...

High-risk HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins expressed in epithelial cells infected with HPV are implicated in the increased proliferation and in the abnormal differentiation of these cells [16, 17]. When the E6/E7 proteins are the expression of infection of the cell with low-risk HPV, then these active proteins may induce benign neoplasms. However, when E6/E7 proteins are the expression of high-risk HPV infection, they subserve the role of oncoproteins and they have the capacity to induce dysplastic and malignant epithelial lesions [18, 19].. The association between cancer of the uterine cervix and high-risk HPV infection is well established. It is evident that HPV is an essential agent, but is not by itself sufficient to induce squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. HPV DNA is found in more than 99% of biopsy specimens of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. In more than 70% of these HPV DNA positive biopsy specimens, the DNA is of high-risk HPV-16 and HPV-18 origin [20].. The prevalence of HPV ...

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Drs. Laurence Weiss, Gustavo Gonzalez-Canali, Dominique Batisse, Marina Karmochkine, Martin Buisson, and Didier Jayle for their help in enrolling patients in the study; Helena Bonner and Daniel Felmlee for their technical assistance; and Gilles Chatellier for his help in statistical analysis.. Grant Support: SIDACTION-ENSEMBLE CONTRE LE SIDA provided funding to design the study, collect the data, and send the samples from Paris to San Francisco; to perform the histologic, cytologic, and HPV PCR analyses; and to perform the statistical analysis. Cytyc Corp., France, provided vials of PreservCyt fixative fluid and TransCyt filters used in the study. The National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service (5 M01-RR-00079), provided additional funding for performing HPV PCR.. Requests for Single Reprints: Christophe Piketty, MD, Hpital Europen Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc 75015 Paris, France; e-mail, ...

Cervical cancer is the most frequent female malignancy in most developing countries. Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with dysplasia and carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The objective of this study was to identify the prevailing HPV genotypes responsible for the development of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia and the Sudan. A molecular characterization of HPV was done on 245 paraffin embedded cervical biopsy samples collected from the two countries. Amplification of HPV and subsequent genotyping was done using SPF10 primers and Line probe assay. Of samples collected from Ethiopian patients, 93% (149/160) and 13% (21/160) had high risk and low risk HPV genotypes, respectively. Among samples collected from the Sudan, 94% (80/85) harbored high risk and 11.7% (10/85) low risk HPV genotypes. Human papillomavirus 16 was the most frequent genotype identified in samples from Ethiopia (91%, 136/149) and the Sudan (82.5%, 66/80). HPV ...

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Background. The incidence of cervical cancer in South Africa (SA) remains high, and the current screening programme has had limited success. New approaches to prevention and screening tactics are needed. Objectives. To investigate acceptance of school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, as well as the information provided, methods of obtaining consent and assent, and completion rates achieved. Methods. Information on cervical cancer and HPV vaccination was provided to 19 primary schools in Western Cape and Gauteng provinces participating in the study. Girls with parental consent and child assent were vaccinated during school hours at their schools. Results. A total of 3 465 girls were invited to receive HPV vaccine, of whom 2 046 provided written parental consent as well as child assent. At least one dose of vaccine was delivered to 2 030 girls (99.2% of the consented cohort), while a total of 1 782 girls received all three doses. Sufficient vaccination was achieved in 91.6% of the

To develop the 1993 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reviewed the literature on sexually transmitted disease treatment, assembled tables of evidence, and listed key questions on therapeutic outcome: microbiologic cure, alleviation of symptoms, and prevention of sequelae and transmission. At a meeting with external experts, evidence was systematically assessed and guidelines developed. Quality of evidence for microbiologic cure was generally good for gonorrhea and chlamydia, poor for syphilis, and fair for most other diseases. Evidence on preventing sequelae and transmission was limited. The Guidelines include new recommendations for single-dose oral therapy of gonorrhea (cefixime, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin), chlamydia (azithromycin), and chancroid (azithromycin); outpatient therapy of pelvic inflammatory disease (ofloxacin and either clindamycin or metronidazole); and patient-applied therapy of genital warts ...

HPV vaccines have great potential to reduce the morbidity and the mortality that are associated with HPV infections, with the first HPV vaccine recently licensed by the FDA17 and other vaccines under development.11,12 In a national survey of pediatricians, conducted before HPV vaccine licensure, we found a high degree of overall acceptance for the use of an HPV vaccine that is directed against cervical cancer and genital warts. Eighty-nine percent of surveyed pediatricians intended to use a quadrivalent HPV vaccine for at least some groups of adolescents, although respondents were more likely to foresee vaccinating older rather than younger adolescents and female rather than male patients. In fact, only 46% of respondents anticipated giving HPV vaccine to 10- to 12-year-old females, and some respondents were concerned about parents negative reactions to the idea of vaccinating young adolescents against a sexually transmitted infection. These findings should be examined in the context of ...

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been widely introduced in immunization programs worldwide, however, it is not accepted in mainland China. We aimed to investigate the awareness and knowledge about HPV vaccines and explore the acceptability of vaccination among the Chinese population. A meta-analysis was conducted across two English (PubMed, EMBASE) and three Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals) electronic databases in order to identify HPV vaccination studies conducted in mainland China. We conducted and reported the analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Fifty-eight unique studies representing 19 provinces and municipalities in mainland China were assessed. The pooled awareness and knowledge rates about HPV vaccination were 15.95 % (95 % CI: 12.87-19.29, I 2 = 98

An avian papillomavirus genome has been cloned from a cutaneous exophytic papilloma from an African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus). The nucleotide sequence, genome organization, and phylogenetic position of the Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus (PePV) were determined. This PePV sequence represents the first complete avian papillomavirus genome defined. The PePV genome (7304 basepairs) differs from other papillomaviruses, in that it has a unique organization of the early protein region lacking classical E6 and E7 open reading frames. Phylogenetic comparison of the PePV sequence with partial E1 and L1 sequences of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) papillomavirus (FPV) reveals that these two avian papillomaviruses form a monophyletic cluster with a common branch that originates near the unresolved center of the papillomavirus evolutionary tree. The PePV genome has a unique layout of the early protein region which represents a novel prototypic genomic organization for avian papillomaviruses. The close

Natural history studies conducted over the past 20 years have demonstrated that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer (9). These studies have also demonstrated that among the 40 genital HPV types, only a subset of approximately 15 HPV types are oncogenic. Among these types, HPV type 16 (HPV16) is responsible for more than 50% of cervical cancers and an even higher proportion of HPV-related vulvar and vaginal cancers (1). Of all HPV types with a tropism for genital tissues, HPV16 is the most likely to persist and result in abnormal Pap test results and cervical dysplastic lesions (5).. While combining several antigens into one vaccine is an efficient means to broaden the vaccines coverage, such combination may result in immune interference, defined as the reduction in the immunogenicity of a vaccine antigen when it is administered as a component of a vaccine that includes multiple vaccine antigens. There are no physicochemical ...

De-escalation treatment protocols for human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a systema-tic review and meta-analysis of current clinical trials. Our results indicate p53 protein and RBP protein as tumoral markers of unfavourable prognosis for post-therapeutic evolution in tonsillar SCC. HPV-infected cells express some viral proteins encoded by genes called E6 and E7, and can inactivate hpv lesion on tongue protein and the retinoblastoma-type pro-tein RBP involved in the regulation of proliferation and cell death.

Objectives. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a critical factor associated withcarcinogenesis of the uterine cervix. HPV-16 is most frequently found, and is further subclassified into intratypicvariants based on the nucleotide sequences of the viral genes. Although certain HPV-16 variants are reported tobe associated with the progression of cervical lesions, these relationships remain controversial with differentresults for different populations. To provide data for another population, we investigated the prevalence ofHPV-16 and distributions of its intratypic variants among Mongolian women with cervical intraepithelialneoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer. Materials and Methods. We analyzed samples from 374 randomlyselected women who attended the National Cancer Center of Mongolia between January 2002 and July 2007,including 147 invasive cervical cancer patients, 127 CIN patients and 100 age-matched controls who werecytologically normal. HPV genotyping was initially

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Human papillomavirus DNA is present in a subset of unselected breast cancers. AU - Liu, Yong. AU - Klimberg, Vicki. AU - Andrews, Nancy R.. AU - Hicks, Carla R.. AU - Peng, Hui. AU - Chiriva-Internati, Maurizio. AU - Henry-Tillman, Ronda. AU - Hermonat, Paul L.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Objective: The major molecular events in the genesis of most breast cancers are unknown. However, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been reported to be found in a significant portion of breast cancers of women with concomitant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III. To investigate a potential HPV-breast cancer link, we carried out a small survey to identify HPV in unselected, general breast cancer tissues. Study Design/Methods: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was isolated from 17 breast cancer tissues (and one cervical swab) taken from our local, randomly selected patient population. Two different previously characterized broad-spectrum primer sets (targeting the E6/E7 or L1 regions) were used to ...

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the USA with 6.2 million new cases diagnosed annually.1 The majority of infections are asymptomatic, but high-risk HPV types act as a carcinogen in the development of cervical and anogenital cancers.2 In June 2006, the Food and Drug Administration licensed a quadrivalent HPV vaccine (GARDASIL, Merck, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey) for females aged 9 to 26 years. To our knowledge there are no reports of HPV-related intraocular inflammation and no reports of quadrivalent HPV vaccine-related ocular inflammation. We report a case of ampiginous choroiditis following the administration of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine. ...

This week in Mutare, Zimbabwe, First Lady Auxilia Mnangagwa launched the National Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme. The vaccine is to be given to over 800,000 girls between the ages of 10 to 14 in an attempt to alleviate the countrys growing cervical cancer rate. However in light of the fact that there is no…

The activity and epithelial tropism of the human papillomavirus type 18 P105 early promoter, which directs the synthesis of the E6 and E7 transforming genes, are controlled by cis elements included in the viral long control region. To identify potential cellular regulators of this promoter, we mutagenized one or both of the 5-TGACTAA-3 cis elements capable of interacting with the AP1 transcription factor, which is composed either of homodimers or heterodimers of the Jun products or of heterodimers of Jun and Fos. Mutation of both elements completely abolished P105 promoter activity in human keratinocytes. We show that either AP1 site can interact efficiently in vitro with any of the three different Jun products as heterodimers with c-Fos. However, in nuclear extracts prepared from human keratinocytes, JunB was the predominant Jun component bound to the DNA probe containing this cis element. These results implicate JunB as an important factor in human papillomavirus type 18 transcription in ...