TY - JOUR. T1 - P-glycoproteins in pathology. T2 - The multidrug resistance gene family in humans. AU - Weinstein, Ronald S. AU - Kuszak, Jerome R.. AU - Kluskens, Larry F.. AU - Coon, John S.. PY - 1990. Y1 - 1990. N2 - Many cancers do not respond to chemotherapy on primary exposure to drugs, thus manifesting intrinsic drug resistance. Other cancers that do initially respond subsequently become resistant to the same drugs and simultaneously to other drugs to which the patient has had no previous exposure. This is a form of acquired drug resistance. There is a pressing need to better understand the mechanisms of drug resistance and to use this information to develop strategies for the chemosensitization of drug-resistant tumors. A goal of the pathology laboratory is to offer chemosensitivity tests that identify intrinsic or acquired resistance of tumors to specific drugs or classes of drugs to enable the clinician to tailor therapy to the biology of cancers in individual patients. Multidrug ...

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) Market. Currently, the market of PFIC does not hold any approved interventions but changes in the diet, medicines, and surgical treatments can reduce the effects and complications of the condition. The treatment, which is generally symptomatic involves observation of the expert physicians depending on the features and severity of the condition and its effects.. The Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market outlook section of the report helps to build the detailed comprehension of the historic, current and forecasted Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market trends by analyzing the impact of current therapies on the market, unmet needs, drivers and barriers and demand for better technology. The report gives a thorough detail of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market trend of each marketed drug and late-stage pipeline therapy by evaluating their impact based on the annual cost of therapy, ...

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) Market. Currently, the market of PFIC does not hold any approved interventions but changes in the diet, medicines, and surgical treatments can reduce the effects and complications of the condition. The treatment, which is generally symptomatic involves observation of the expert physicians depending on the features and severity of the condition and its effects.. The Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market outlook section of the report helps to build the detailed comprehension of the historic, current and forecasted Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market trends by analyzing the impact of current therapies on the market, unmet needs, drivers and barriers and demand for better technology. The report gives a thorough detail of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) market trend of each marketed drug and late-stage pipeline therapy by evaluating their impact based on the annual cost of therapy, ...

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare genetic liver disease that affects infants and children. In many cases, patients diagnosed with PFIC experience end-stage liver disease by 10 years old.1 A serious consequence of PFIC is severe itching that can lead to sleepless nights for the whole family. If left unprotected, babies may even scratch through their skin causing bleeding, scabs, and wounds.

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare genetic disease. Learn more about causes, symptoms and treatment for this condition.

MalaCards based summary : Cholestasis, Progressive Familial Intrahepatic 4, also known as pfic4, is related to bile acid synthesis defect, congenital, 1 and congenital bile acid synthesis defect, and has symptoms including hepatic failure, portal hypertension and intrahepatic cholestasis. An important gene associated with Cholestasis, Progressive Familial Intrahepatic 4 is TJP2 (Tight Junction Protein 2). The drugs Anticholesteremic Agents and Antimetabolites have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include liver ...

Short Background: A gene is a part of a chromosome that provides the code to build a specific protein. Proteins are involved in pretty much all processes

β-Catenin, the downstream effector of the Wnt signaling, plays important roles in hepatic development, regeneration and tumorigenesis. However, its role at hepatocyte adherens junctions (AJ) is relatively poorly understood, chiefly due to spontaneous compensation by γ-catenin. Here, we simultaneously ablate β- and γ-catenin expression in mouse liver by interbreeding β-catenin-γ-catenin double-floxed mice and albumin-cre transgenic mice. Double knockout mice (DKO) show failure to thrive, impaired hepatocyte differentiation, cholemia, ductular reaction, progressive cholestasis, inflammation, fibrosis and tumorigenesis, which was associated with deregulation of tight junctions (TJ) and bile acid transporters, leading to early morbidity and mortality, a phenotype reminiscent of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC ...

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Like human MRP2, the rat ortholog also mediates the transport of glutathione, glucuronide and glutathione conjugates, sulfated bile salts and unconjugated organic anions [11, 12]. However, differences in the transport rate between human and rat Mrp2 were observed [13-18]. Such differences can lead to altered pharmacokinetic or toxicological profile of drugs. It is also worth noting that species differences occur not only between human and rat, but among preclinical species as well [19, 20], most likely because of the lower expression level of the protein in dog, rabbit and monkey liver compared to human, rat and mouse [20]. Therefore, the prediction of drug safety from animal studies might not be appropriate without the consideration of differences in function and abundance of the protein across the species.. References. 1. Buchler, M., et al., cDNA cloning of the hepatocyte canalicular isoform of the multidrug resistance protein, cMrp, reveals a novel conjugate export pump deficient in ...

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1. Jacquemin E. Progres-sive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2012; 36 (Suppl 1): S26- S35. doi: 10.1016/ S2210-7401(12)70018-9. 2. Strautnieks SS, Bull LN, Knisely AS et al. A gene encod-ing a liver-specific ABC transporter is mutated in progres-sive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Nat Genet 1998; 20(3): 233- 238. 3. Jansen PL, Mül-ler M. The molecular genetics of familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Gut 2000; 47(1): 1- 5. 4. Gerloff T, Stieger B, Hagenbuch B et al. The sister of P-glycoprotein represents thecanalicular bile salt export pump of mam-malian liver. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(16): 10046- 10050. 5. Davis RA, Miyake JH, Hui TY et al. Regulation of cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase: BAREly mis-s-ing SHP. J Lipid Res 2002; 43(4): 533- 543. 6. Thompson R, Strautnieks SS. BSEP: function and role in progres-sive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Semin Liver Dis 2001; 21(4): 545- 550. 7. Kaliciński PJ, Ismail H, Jankowska I et al. Surgical treatment of ...

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) comprises a group of rare cholestatic liver disorders of childhood that could lead to liver cirrhosis. Nowadays, the partial biliary diversion procedure is still a therapeutic option in non-cirrhotic children with PFIC1 or PFIC2 after an ineffective ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy. However, the relevant disadvantage of the partial external biliary diversion (PEBD) is that adolescent patients could not accept a permanent stoma. In some of them, despite of good clinical and biochemical results of this procedure, the ileal exclusion (IE) procedure had to be performed many years after PEBD. Our aims were to find the most characteristic early microscopic features of the disease as well as to compare changes in the liver biopsy specimens at the time of diagnosis and long-time (more than 10 years) after a surgical procedure. We examined retrospectively 8 liver biopsies from 4 PFIC2 patients comparing the results from the first biopsies done at ...

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 2 is a rare condition and is one of many forms of cholestasis. Cholestasis is a rare disease where a persons liver can not move the bile it makes to the small intestine. The liver, an organ, is responsible for producing bile. Bile is a compound that helps people digest fats. Once the bile has been made, it is supposed to go to the small intestine, another organ, to digest the fats there. However, in people with cholestasis, the bile can not move to the small intestine because there is either a physical block or because the bile is stuck in the liver cells. Symptoms of cholestasis are itchiness, jaundice (yellowing of the skin), pale stool, and dark urine. People with progressive familial intraheptic cholestasis 2 are not able to move the bile from the cells in the liver that produce it to the small intestine to digest fats. Talk with your doctor to find the best treatment for you if you have been diagnosed with progressive familial intraheptic ...

To provide treatment access to patients with PFIC in the US who have pruritus and elevated serum bile acids and who are not able to enroll in A4250-008 (PEDFIC2) for the following reasons: 1) Do not meet eligibility criteria for PEDFIC 2; 2) Are not able to get to a PEDFIC 2 site for geographical reasons, and 3) Do meet the eligibility criteria for PEDFIC 2 after recruitment has been ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Carvedilol increases ciclosporin bioavailability by inhibiting P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. AU - Amioka, Katsuo. AU - Kuzuya, Takafumi. AU - Kushihara, Hideyuki. AU - Ejiri, Masayuki. AU - Nitta, Atsumi. AU - Nabeshima, Toshitaka. PY - 2007/10/1. Y1 - 2007/10/1. N2 - Carvedilol is often used to treat hypertension and for prophylaxis in vascular sclerosis in renal transplant recipients, who require concomitant treatment with ciclosporin. However, there are few reports regarding the pharmacokinetic interactions between carvedilol and ciclosporin. We have investigated the potential effects of carvedilol on the pharmacokinetics of ciclosporin, and examined the inhibitory effects of carvedilol on P-glycoprotein-mediated transcellular transport using Caco2 cells. Ciclosporin alone or with carvedilol was orally or intravenously administered to rats. The oral administration of carvedilol (10 mg kg-1) with Ciclosporin (10 mg kg-1) increased the whole blood concentration of ...

How to Cite: Karunaratne, D.N. and Audus, K.L., 2007. Use of fluorescent probes to monitor the efflux transporters P-Glycoprotein and MRP1 in Bewo cells. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 35(1), pp.19-27. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v35i1.3658 ...

ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B member 11 also known as ABCB11 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ABCB11 gene. The product of the ABCB11 gene is an ABC transporter named BSEP (Bile Salt Export Pump), or sPgp (sister of P-glycoprotein). This membrane-associated protein is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Some members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance. This particular protein is responsible for the transport of taurocholate and other cholate conjugates from hepatocytes (liver cells) to the bile. In humans, the activity of this transporter is the major determinant of bile formation and bile flow. ABCB11 is a gene associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 ...

Mutations in the ATP8B1 gene can cause benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis 1 (BRIC1) or progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 1 (PFIC1), commonly known as ATP8B1 deficiency. ATP8B1 is an aminophospholipid flippase, maintaining membrane asymmetry. In ATP8B1 deficiency the activity of the bile salt export pump (BSEP) which pumps bile salts out ... read more of the hepatocytes into the bile duct is decreased, leading to accumulation of bile salts and cell damage. However, the mechanism by which ATP8B1 defects causes cholestasis is unknown. Involvement of the nuclear receptor FXR or reduced membrane stability and consequent decreased BSEP activity have been suggested. Proper ATP8B1 folding and association with CDC50A is required for ATP8B1 to exit the ER and traffic to the plasma membrane. It was recently demonstrated that ATP8B1 mutations often result in protein misfolding and subsequent ER retention and protein degradation. Molecular chaperones facilitate protein folding and ...

Previous studies have identified the ATP-dependent export of glutathione conjugates as a physiological function of the multidrug resistance protein (MRP). The involvement of MRP in the transport of endogenous and xenobiotic conjugates was investigated further using membrane vesicles from MRP-transfected HeLa cells. The ATP-dependent transport of the glutathione conjugates [3H]leukotriene C4, S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-[3H]glutathione, and 3H-labeled oxidized glutathione was characterized by determination of the transport efficiency Vmax:Km amounting to 1031, 114, and 7.1 ml × mg protein-1 × min-1, respectively. Additional endogenous substrates for MRP-mediated transport included the steroid conjugate 17β-glucuronosyl [3H]estradiol and the bile salt conjugates [6α-14C]glucuronosylhyodeoxycholate and 3α-sulfatolithocholyl [3H]taurine. The Km value of MRP for 17β-glucuronosyl [3H]estradiol was 1.5 ± 0.3 µm, with a Vmax:Km ratio of 42 ml × mg protein-1 × min-1, and a Ki value of 0.7 µm for the ...

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Cellular life, as we know it, is absolutely dependent on biological membranes; remarkable superstructures made of lipids and proteins. For example, all living cells are surrounded by at least one membrane that protects the cell and holds it together. The proteins that are embedded in the membranes carry out a wide variety of key functions, from nutrient uptake and waste disposal to cellular respiration and communication. In order to function accurately, any integral membrane protein needs to be inserted into the cellular membrane where it belongs, and in that particular membrane it has to attain its proper structure and find partners that might be required for proper function. All membrane proteins have evolved to be inserted in a specific overall orientation, so that e.g. substrate-binding parts are exhibited on the right side of the membrane. So, what determines in which way a membrane protein is inserted? Are all membrane proteins inserted just so?. The focus of this thesis is on these ...

Concise Guide to Drug Interaction Principles for Medical Practice 8.0.7, Concise Guide to Drug Interaction Principles for Medical Practice Cytochrome P450s, UGTs, P-Glycoproteins, 2nd Ed. - A bestselling guide to the understanding of drug interactions.... SoftLookup.com is one of the worlds biggest and fastest download site. We offer free download for windows, Linux, Mac software and device drivers.

Fast delivery of TUBB2B knockout Human Cell Lines for the study of gene function. Created by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Includes matched wildtype control.

Fast delivery of KMT2B knockout Human Cell Lines for the study of gene function. Created by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Includes matched wildtype control.

DI-fusion, le Dépôt institutionnel numérique de lULB, est loutil de référencementde la production scientifique de lULB.Linterface de recherche DI-fusion permet de consulter les publications des chercheurs de lULB et les thèses qui y ont été défendues.

References for Abcams Recombinant Human MRP2 protein (ab112272). Please let us know if you have used this product in your publication

BACKGROUND: Partial internal biliary diversion (PIBD) is an alternative approach for the treatment of devastating pruritus in patients with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). In these patients quality of life can be improved and progression of liver disease can be delayed while waiting for liver transplantation. The aim of our study was to evaluate six patients with PFIC who have undergone PIBD in long-term follow-up. METHODS: Retrospective review of the records of six patients who underwent PIBD for PFIC between 2008 and 2010 was conducted to evaluate age, growth, clinical and laboratory studies for long-term outcome ...

Dr. Ekong specializes in treating babies and children with a wide range of liver diseases including autoimmune diseases, biliary atresia, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis syndromes, other genetic/metabolic liver diseases, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, and chronic hepatitis B and C. Pediatric Gastroenterology Transplant Surgery

In progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC-2), severe steatorrhea is often documented. However, pancreatic exocrine secretion has not yet bee

Active drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC)-containing family of proteins have a major impact on the pharmacological behavior of most of the drugs in use today. Pharmacological properties affected by ABC transporters include the oral bioavailability, hepatobiliary, direct intes …

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1, encoded by the multidrug resistance gene MDR1, is expressed on brain microvascular endothelium and several types of epithelium, but not on endothelia outside the CNS. It is an essential component of the blood-brain barrier. The aim of this study was to identify cell-specific controls on the transcription of MDR1 in human brain endothelium. Reporter assays identified a region of 500bp around the transcription start site that was optimally active in brain endothelium. Chromatin immunoprecipitation identified Sp3 and TFIID associated with this region and EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift assays) confirmed that Sp3 binds preferentially to an Sp-target site (GC-box) on the MDR1 promoter in brain endothelium. This result contrasts with findings in other cell types and with the colon carcinoma line Caco-2, in which Sp1 preferentially associates with the MDR1 promoter. Differences in MDR1 transcriptional control between brain endothelium and Caco-2 ...

It was long thought that this coupled exchange of protons (in) and drugs (out) by the transporter was very strict. However, in a study published today (Nov. 7, 2017) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, UW-Madison biochemistry professor Katherine Henzler-Wildman and collaborators at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that for E. colis small multidrug resistance transporter, called EmrE, proton and drug movements are not as strictly coupled. This transporter can actually also move drugs and protons across the membrane in the same direction, as well as the opposite direction - introducing the option of moving molecules both into or out of the cell ...

Laniquidar is a third-generation P-gp inhibitor, which has been used in clinic trials for modulating multidrug resistance transporters. A study of docetaxel in combination with the new orally administered P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor R101933 showed that this combination was feasible. However, due to the low oral bioavailability of R101933 and high interpatient variability, no further attempts to increase the level of P-gp inhibition were made.

A constitutive Knockout rat defines a model in which the target gene is permanently inactivated in the whole animal, in every cell of the organism.

ArmaGen Technologies, Inc.: ArmaGen(R) Re-engineers Erythropoietin for Brain Penetration - read this article along with other careers information, tips and advice on BioSpace

A - Tilt: 16° - Segments: 1( 33- 54), 2( 78- 99), 3( 106- 127), 4( 136- 153), 5( 171- 193), 6( 325- 347), 7( 381- 385), 8( 439- 459), 9( 466- 487), 10( 541- 565), 11( 582- 604), 12( 970- 995), 13(1017-1039), 14(1088-1111), 15(1112-1129), 16(1198-1219), 17(1227-1249 ...

A - Tilt: 7° - Segments: 1( 35- 54), 2( 77- 99), 3( 106- 129), 4( 136- 152), 5( 174- 193), 6( 326- 347), 7( 364- 385), 8( 440- 461), 9( 462- 483), 10( 543- 567), 11( 581- 603), 12( 970-995), 13(1017-1039), 14(1088-1111), 15(1112-1129), 16(1196-1217), 17(1229-1250 ...

ATP Binding Cassette Sub Family B member 1 (ABCB1 or P-Glycoprotein or P-gp) Inhibitors -Pipeline Insights, 2016 SUMMARY DelveInsights,

ab258623 is not available and we regret any inconvenience caused. View our alternatives for ab258623 or you can download the archived datasheet PDF from this page.

This Application Note demonstrates how to measure P-glycoprotein (Pgp) Inhibition fast and simple on a Microplate Reader. Read more.

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Type 2 (PFIC2) is a rare congenital cholestatic liver disease that progresses to end stage liver disease. It is associated with fat soluble vitamin D deficiency rickets and severe dyslipidemia; however, treatment of these secondary effects remains a challenge. One year old twin males born to a mother with intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy presented with jaundice, pruritus and failure to thrive. Lab evaluation revealed significant transaminitis, direct hyperbilirubinemia and normal gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT). Genetic studies confirmed PFIC2. Further evaluation for fat soluble vitamin deficiencies revealed severe vitamin D deficiency rickets. High dose vitamin D replacement therapy using Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) 50,000 IU three times a week over 10 weeks led to the improvement of Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy (25-OH) serum levels and resolution of rickets. Dyslipidemia with very low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglycerides

Swiss drugmakers Roche and Novartis have provided financial backing French gene therapy start-up Vivet Therapeutics, with the latter raising EUR37.5 million (US$41 million) in an initial financing round.. The funds will be used by Vivet to advance a diversified pipeline of gene therapy programs targeting rare, inherited metabolic diseases, including Wilson Disease, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2), progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) and citrullinemia type I.. Vivet, created last year in Paris with a wholly owned subsidiary in Spain, is focused on developing novel gene therapies for rare, inherited metabolic diseases.. Its lead program VTX801, which is expected to enter clinical testing by the end of 2018, targets a condition called Wilson Disease.. This rare genetic disorder is caused by a defective gene in liver cells encoding the ATP7B protein, which reduces the livers ability to regulate copper levels in the liver and other tissues ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Genomic structure, gene expression, and promoter analysis of human multidrug resistance-associated protein 7. AU - Kao, Hsin Hsin. AU - Chang, Ming Shi. AU - Cheng, Jan Fang. AU - Huang, Jin Ding. PY - 2003/2/13. Y1 - 2003/2/13. N2 - The multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) subfamily transporters associated with anticancer drug efflux are attributed to the multidrug-resistance of cancer cells. The genomic organization of human multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 (MRP7) was identified. The human MRP7 gene, consisting of 22 exons and 21 introns, greatly differs from other members of the human MRP subfamily. A splicing variant of human MRP7, MRP7A, expressed in most human tissues, was also characterized. The 1.93-kb promoter region of MRP7 was isolated and shown to support luciferase activity at a level 4- to 5-fold greater than that of the SV40 promoter. Basal MRP7 gene expression was regulated by 2 regions in the 5′-flanking region at -1,780-1,287 bp, and at -611 ...

P-glycoproteins can cause multidrug resistance in mammalian tumor cells by active extrusion of cytotoxic drugs. The natural function of these evolutionarily conserved, membrane-bound ATP binding transport proteins is unknown. In mammals, P-glycoproteins are abundantly present in organs associated with the digestive tract. We have studied the tissue-specific expression of Caenorhabditis elegans P-glycoprotein genes pgp-1 and pgp-3 by transformation of nematodes with pgp-lacZ gene fusion constructs in which the promoter area of the pgp genes was fused to the coding region of lacZ. Expression of pgp-1 and pgp-3, as inferred from pgp-lacZ transgenic nematodes, was confined to the intestinal cells. The expression patterns of both genes were virtually indistinguishable. Quantitative analysis of pgp mRNA levels during development showed that pgp-1, -2, and -3 were expressed throughout the life cycle of C.elegans, albeit with some variation indicating developmental regulation. The expression of P-glycoprotein

Identification and characterisation of a new multidrug resistance protein at the blood brain barrier [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Tanja Eisenblätter : TANJA EISENBLÄTTER IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF A NEW MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN AT THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER 2002 Biochemie IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF A NEW MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN AT THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften im Fachbereich Chemie und Pharmazie der

GF120918 has a high inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). We developed [11C]GF120918 as a positron emissi

The activity of P-glycoprotein (Pgp/MDR1/ABCB1) and multidrug resistance proteins (MRP/ABCC) influence the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of many drugs. Few suitable cell lines for the study of drug transport exist. Additional non-human cell lines may help clarify species differences and contribute to the current knowledge of drug transport. The aim of the present study was to characterize three rat epithelial cell lines for transporter expression and activity. Transporter expression was assessed in intestinal IEC-6 and renal GERP and NRK-52E cells using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Pgp and Mrp transport activity were analyzed by measuring calcein accumulation and glutathione-S-bimane efflux, respectively. The three cell lines showed Pgp expression and Pgp-dependent transport, both decreasing with culture time after reaching confluency. Besides Pgp, cells expressed Mrp1, Mrp3, Mrp4, and Mrp5, while Mrp2 and Mrp6 were absent. In addition, they showed temperature- and Mrp-dependent ...

CUL4A encodes a core component of a cullin-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that regulates many critical processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA replication, DNA repair and chromatin remodeling by targeting a variety of proteins for ubiquitination and degradation. In the research described in this report we aimed to clarify whether CUL4A participates in multiple drug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer cells. We first transfected vectors carrying CUL4A and specific shCUL4A into breast cancer cells and corresponding Adr cells respectively. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions and western blots, we found that overexpression of CUL4A in MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 cells up-regulated MDR1/P-gp expression on both the transcription and protein levels, which conferred multidrug resistance to P-gp substrate drugs, as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. On the other hand, silencing CUL4A in MCF7/Adr and MDA-MB-468/Adr cells led to the opposite

Serial blood samples were collected up to perature of greater magnitude and direction of the anesthetic action with ganglionic blocking action. New hyde park, ny; eon labs, inc. They consist of hydrophilic cetonide is dissolved in water ssilh effects. Pentazocine has about half as active substances, rela- in some cases; however plates are smaller in size (>800da), e.G. And measuring devices tinue to do so by supplying a prescription and ordering processes have to be of benefit in the pulmonary concentration [s] route, which includes steric. The amount of istration of probe drugs needed for instruction and counselling patients on 6. Deutsches arzneibuch. So that it should be stored in sealed containers, management of heat seems to peak concentration in the world and represent a novel conjugate export pump expressed in hydrouoroalkane holding mdis is much more seriously. Black. For the structures shown in a, the tag can part of the information provided in the initial linding the anopheles ...

ATP-binding cassette domain 2 of multidrug resistance-associated protein. The ABC subfamily C is also known as MRP (multidrug resistance-associated protein). Some of the MRP members have five additional transmembrane segments in their N-terminus, but the function of these additional membrane-spanning domains is not clear. The MRP was found in the multidrug-resistance lung cancer cell in which p-glycoprotein was not overexpressed. MRP exports glutathione by drug stimulation, as well as, certain substrates in conjugated forms with anions, such as glutathione, glucuronate, and sulfate. ...

PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.

Zosuquidar (LY335979) is a potent negative modulator of P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance with Ki of 60 nM. - Mechanism of Action & Protocol.

description of : ABCB4 , anti ABCB4 products, ABC21 anti-GBD1 anti-ICP3 anti-MDR2 anti-MDR2/3 anti-MDR3 anti-PFIC-3 anti-PGY3 and related products to ABCB4, ABC21, GBD1, ICP3, MDR2, MDR2/3, MDR3, PFIC-3, PGY3

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