Edited by Dr. Miguel Ángel Royo-Bordonada. This thematic series on public health ethics follows a previous Public Health Reviews issue on the topic of public health ethics training in the European region, to emphasize the neglect and the importance of the topic for public health education in Europe. The current issue evolved from a Working Group of the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) which was mandated to develop public health ethics curriculum materials for European schools of public health, as well as for practitioners and policy makers. Training of public health professionals in this field is essential to ensure confidence, credibility and public trust, when addressing the wide range of ethical conflicts that arise frequently in public health policy and practice.. Publication charges for this collection were funded by ASPHER. Articles have undergone the journal's standard peer-review process overseen by the Guest Editor, who declares no competing ...

Intent: We will describe a partnership between three universities, two in Norway and one in Canada, in order to illustrate how the integration of occupational science and public health perspectives on diverse health determinants contributed to interdisciplinary graduate education through a collaborative international exchange. Two specific initiatives will be addressed: the development of integrated occupational science and public health curriculum materials, and the participation of students from each country in courses at the institutions overseas. Argument: The conditions of everyday life and the occupations these conditions enable are well recognized as key determinants of health and well-being within occupational science, occupational therapy and public health. Within occupational science in particular, there is growing recognition that full realization of the vision of health promotion through occupation requires expanding beyond individual-level approaches in order to address socio-political

Self-rated health status (SRHS) is a reliable and valid measure for assessing the subjective and objective health of individuals. Previous studies have either focused predominantly on the elderly or investigated only a narrow range of factors potentially associated with SRHS. In examining student populations, these past studies were limited to single countries. The objectives of this study were to assess which candidate variables were independently associated with SRHS in university students, to compare these variables by country and by gender, and to investigate which of the variables was most important as a rating frame for SRHS. The data is from the Cross-National Student Health Survey, conducted in 2005 in universities in Germany, Bulgaria, and Poland (n = 2103; mean age = 20.7 years). SRHS was assessed with a single question using a five-point scale ranging from 'excellent' to 'poor'. The study also measured a wide range of variables including: physical and psychological health, studying, social

TY - JOUR. T1 - Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders Measurement System to Evaluate Quality of Life for Children and Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Plexiform Neurofibroma. AU - Lai, Jin Shei. AU - Jensen, Sally E.. AU - Charrow, Joel. AU - Listernick, Robert. PY - 2019/3. Y1 - 2019/3. N2 - Objective: To assess the health-related quality of life of children with neurofibromatosis type 1-related plexiform neurofibromas (pNF) using a battery of patient-reported outcome measures selected based on a conceptual framework derived from input by patients, parents, and clinicians regarding the most important pNF symptoms and concerns. Study design: There were 140 children with pNF ages 8-17 years who completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (including domains anxiety, depressive symptom, psychosocial stress experiences, fatigue, pain interference, meaning and purpose, positive affect, peer ...

PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES THROUGH THE EFFECTIVE USE OF FLUORIDE - THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH. Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that dental caries is a severe public health problem across the world. The current global and regional patterns of dental caries reflect distinct risk profiles of countries which relate to the structure of the society, living conditions, lifestyles, and the existence of preventive oral health programmes. Research conducted in high income countries documents that systematic use of fluoride reduces the burden of dental caries; such research is scarce in low and middle income countries.. Objectives: This article reviews the evidence on effective use of fluoride, highlights the public health approach to fluoridation, and clarifies how automatic fluoridation contributes to breaking social inequities in dental caries.. Data collection: Scientific publications on fluoride administration stored in PubMed/Medline and caries data from the WHO ...

LIFEPATH. Tennessee's Public Health Training Center. The Tennessee Long-Distance Internet Facilitated Educational Program for Applied Training in Health (Tennessee LIFEPATH) is a workforce development partnership aimed at public health employees in the state of Tennessee. Tennessee LIFEPATH's mission is to provide a home for the collaborative partnership between Tennessee's academic public health training providers and the Tennessee's public health workforce, and to provide comprehensive, competency-based training for that workforce. LIFEPATH's vision is to be a vital collaboration that will provide multiple entry points for public health workers to obtain public health education and training designed to improve their skills, experiences, and competencies. LIFEPATH provides a wide range of academic and non-academic programs to assure that Tennessee's public health workforce has the knowledge, skills, and training to meet Tennessee's present and forthcoming health challenges. Tennessee LIFEPATH ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Impact of the Extent of Coronary Artery Disease on Outcomes After Revascularization for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis. AU - Kim, Young Hak. AU - Park, Duk Woo. AU - Kim, Won Jang. AU - Lee, Jong Young. AU - Yun, Sung Cheol. AU - Kang, Soo Jin. AU - Lee, Seung Whan. AU - Lee, Cheol Whan. AU - Hong, Myeong Ki. AU - Park, Seong Wook. AU - Park, Seung Jung. PY - 2010/6/8. Y1 - 2010/6/8. N2 - Objectives: This study was designed to examine the impact of the extent of coronary disease on long-term outcomes after coronary stenting or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) stenosis. Background: The differential outcome of ULMCA revascularization according to the coronary involvement remains uncertain. Methods: From the MAIN-COMPARE (Revascularization for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis: Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty versus Surgical Revascularization) registry, 2,240 patients with ULMCA ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Network meta-analysis of antiplatelet therapy following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). T2 - none versus one versus two antiplatelet agents. AU - Chakos, Adam. AU - Jbara, Dean. AU - Singh, Kamal. AU - Yan, Tristan D.. AU - Tian, David H.. PY - 2018/9/1. Y1 - 2018/9/1. N2 - Background: Numerous agents have been trialed following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to maintain long-term graft patency. While clear evidence exists for the use of aspirin in maintaining graft patency, the role of dual-antiplatelet therapy in CABG patients is not as well established. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the short-term post-CABG graft patency outcomes for patients with none, one or two antiplatelet agents. Methods: Electronic databases were queried for randomized controlled trials comparing CABG graft patency rates at three months and beyond using various antiplatelet agents or placebo. Drug and graft patency data were compared using a mixed treatment comparison under ...

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Context: Concussions are shown to hinder multiple health dimensions, including health-related quality of life (HRQOL), suggesting a need for a whole-person approach to assessment and treatment. Patient-reported outcome measures are one method to gather the patient's perspective regarding their HRQOL. Objective: To evaluate perceived HRQOL using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric-25 subscale in patients throughout concussion recovery. Design: Prospective cohort, descriptive survey. Setting: There were 9 high school athletic training facilities. Participants: A total of 70 patients with diagnosed concussions (51 males, 7 females, 12 unreported; age = 15.7 [0.9] y, height = 174.6 [8.4] cm, mass = 72.8 [14.8] kg, grade = 10.0 [0.9] level). Interventions: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric-25 was administered at 3 days, 10 days postconcussion, and return to play (RTP). Main Outcome Measures: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Pleural effusion is associated with a poor treatment outcome in stage III small non-cleaved cell lymphoma. AU - Sandlund, John T.. AU - Crist, William M.. AU - Abromowitch, Minnie. AU - Fairclough, Diane. AU - Berard, Costan W.. AU - Rafferty, Mary. AU - Pui, Ching Hon. PY - 1991/1. Y1 - 1991/1. N2 - The clinical significance of pleural effusion was assessed in 24 children with unresectable abdominal small non-cleaved cell lymphoma (St. Jude Stage III). Patients were consecutively enrolled and treated on a regimen including high dose fractionated cyclophosphamide and co-ordinated high dose methotrexate and cytarabine. The overall results were excellent, with 20 of 24 patients alive and event-free at a median follow-up of 4 years. Only one of the patients who lacked pleural effusion has relapsed (testicular), even though many had massive disease. In contrast, three of seven patients with pleural effusion have failed treatment (p=0.02) and subsequently died. Two measures of tumor ...

Public Health Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of Head Lice Infestation in Schools and Child Care Settings A Guide for School and Child Care Setting Administrators For further information call or visit us on the World Wide Web Acute Disease Service Oklahoma State Department of Health Phone (405) 271-4060 http://ads.health.ok.gov FOREWARD The Head Lice Control Manual is intended to: 1) provide basic information about head lice infestation, treatment, and prevention, 2) communicate the recommendations of the Oklahoma State Department of Health regarding head lice control, and 3) provide a foundation for school and child care setting head lice policies. This manual has been prepared by a joint working group consisting of: epidemiologists of the Communicable Disease Division, nurses and nurse practitioners of the Nursing Service and the Local Health Service, nurses of the School Health Program of the Maternal and Child Health Service, all of the Oklahoma State Department of Health. ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Sequential changes in heart rate variability after coronary artery bypass grafting. AU - Kuo, Cheng Deng. AU - Chen, Gau Yang. AU - Lai, Shiau Ting. AU - Wang, Yia Yi. AU - Shih, Chun Che. AU - Wang, Jia Horng. PY - 1999/3/1. Y1 - 1999/3/1. N2 - Heart rate variability (HRV) decreased soon after coronary artery bypass grafting and returned to the preoperative level within 2 months; however, HRV did not exceed the preoperative level, even 6 months after coronary artery bypass grafting. Although myocardial ischemia can be improved by coronary artery bypass grafting, HRV did not benefit from coronary artery bypass grafting within 6 months.. AB - Heart rate variability (HRV) decreased soon after coronary artery bypass grafting and returned to the preoperative level within 2 months; however, HRV did not exceed the preoperative level, even 6 months after coronary artery bypass grafting. Although myocardial ischemia can be improved by coronary artery bypass grafting, HRV did not benefit ...

BACKGROUND: Millions of consumers have accessed health information online. However, little is known about their health status. OBJECTIVE: To explore use of Internet health information among those who were sicker (fair/poor general health status) compared with those reported being healthier. METHODS: A national, random-digit telephone survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project identified 521 Internet users who go online for health care information. Our primary independent variable was general health status rated as excellent, good, fair, or poor. Patterns of Internet use, and types of information searched were assessed. RESULTS: Among the 521 users, 64% were female, most (87%) were white, and median age was 42 years. Most individuals indicated that they learned something new online (81%) and indicated that they believe most information on the Internet (52%). Compared with those with excellent/good health, those with fair/poor health (N = 59) were relative newcomers to the Internet but tended

TY - JOUR. T1 - On-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery among patients with type 2 diabetes in the bypass angioplasty revascularization investigation 2 diabetes trial. AU - Singh, Ashima. AU - Schaff, Hartzell V.. AU - Mori Brooks, Maria. AU - Hlatky, Mark A.. AU - Wisniewski, Stephen R.. AU - Frye, Robert L.. AU - Sako, Edward Y.. N1 - Funding Information: The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D) is funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01 HL061744, U01 HL061746, U01 HL061748, U01 HL063804, R21HL121495). BARI 2D receives significant supplemental funding provided by GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA; Lantheus Medical Imaging, Inc. (formerly Bristol-Myers Squibb Medical Imaging, Inc.), North Billerica, MA; Astellas Pharma US, Inc., Deerfield, IL; Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ; Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Abbott Park, IL and Pfizer, Inc., ...

Background: Prolonged cross-clamp time during cardiac surgery increases the risk of postoperative mortality and myocardial injury. This subanalysis from the pexelizumab for reduction of infarction and mortality in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (PRIMO-CABG) trial, a phase III double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 3,099 patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery with or without valve surgery, assessed the impact of pexelizumab, an investigational C5 complement inhibitor, on postoperative outcomes after prolonged aortic cross-clamp time. Methods: The composite endpoint of death or myocardial infarction through postoperative day 30 and death alone through days 30, 90, and 180 were examined in subpopulations of patients across different cross-clamp times. Results: After prolonged cross-clamping (≥90 minutes), death, or myocardial infarction through day 30 and death through days 30, 90, and 180 were significantly increased in the intent-to-treat population and ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of midterm outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with and without previous coronary artery bypass grafting. AU - On behalf of the OCEAN-TAVI Investigators. AU - Kawashima, Hideyuki. AU - Watanabe, Yusuke. AU - Kozuma, Ken. AU - Kataoka, Akihisa. AU - Nakashima, Makoto. AU - Hioki, Hirofumi. AU - Nagura, Fukuko. AU - Nara, Yugo. AU - Shirai, Shinichi. AU - Tada, Norio. AU - Araki, Motoharu. AU - Naganuma, Toru. AU - Yamanaka, Futoshi. AU - Ueno, Hiroshi. AU - Tabata, Minoru. AU - Mizutani, Kazuki. AU - Higashimori, Akihiro. AU - Takagi, Kensuke. AU - Yamamoto, Masanori. AU - Hayashida, Kentaro. PY - 2018/4/21. Y1 - 2018/4/21. N2 - The midterm safety and feasibility of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for patients with a history of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and high operative risk are unclear. This study compared the midterm outcomes of patients undergoing TAVI with or without previous CABG surgery. Between October 2013 ...

This systematic review provides clear evidence that FGM/C entails harms to women's physical health throughout their life, from the moment of cutting as an infant or child, to sexuality and childbirth in adulthood. Predictably, the most common direct, procedure-related complication includes haemorrhage, most likely resulting from laceration of the internal pudendal artery or the clitoral artery. It is difficult to determine the number of females who die from procedure-related complications. Only a few studies reported death, but highly publicised fatalities from FGM/C heighten the awareness of the possible harms posed by the procedure, such as three recent cases in Egypt and Kenya.88-90. We found several long-term consequences of FGM/C, including increased risks of urinary tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, dyspareunia and obstetric complications. Studies have been published since we conducted our search, and they corroborate our findings.91-98 The identified risks from FGM/C are also ...

The main purpose of this study is to observe the incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), target vessel failure (TVF), target vessel revascularization (TVR) and stent thrombosis out to 5 years after the procedure in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with everolimus-eluting stents for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease and lesions involving the ULMCA in Japan. The investigators will also establish a method of adjustment to the Japanese version of the SYNTAX score by conducting an assessment using the SYNTAX score recently reported in the US and Europe as well as the EuroSCORE, and by clarifying the differences of PCI procedures and treatment results in Japan with those reported in the US and Europe ...

Find and compare average compensation for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute jobs such as Chief of Staff, Communications Manager, HR Analyst. Search our database of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute job listings to find the top 100K jobs hiring in your area.

BACKGROUND: Migration, for various reasons, continues to increase the immigrant population of Norway. Few studies compare adolescent ethnic Norwegians (EN) with adolescent immigrants for their health status and health behavior. This study describes differences in health status and health behavior between adolescent EN and immigrant groups from Pakistan, Somalia and Vietnam (PSV) seen as one group, and also between EN and each of the three immigrant groups. It also examines whether age at arrival in Norway and parental education impact health status and health behavior for each of the three immigrant groups. METHODS: In 2006, the Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), in cooperation with the city of Oslo (Drug Competence Center), carried out a questionnaire survey in Oslo schools for 11,500 pupils aged 14-17. 10,880 individuals answered the questionnaire (response rate of 93%). Health status in terms of self-assessed health, mental health status and chronic physical illness and health behavior in ...

A new survey indicates that small hospitals expect bigger hospitals to lead the drive toward a new health delivery model, where clinically integrated networks will provide care and insure the patients receiving it.. The survey, from the New York-based consultancy firm, Kurt Salmon, discovered that 77 percent of respondents see clinical integration initiatives occurring in their markets. Eighty-one percent of the community hospital executives surveyed said they believe clinically integrated networks will develop their own insurance product or develop one through collaboration with a payer.. The survey also revealed that most are under the belief that large health systems and hospitals will develop clinically integrated networks. Only 18.5 percent of respondents believed hospitals with under 300 beds could build one, while 61 percent see large regional health systems in their markets positioning themselves to own the entire integrated care continuum. Large, urban hospitals are three times more ...

Adgate JL, Goldstein BD, McKenzie LM. 2014. Potential public health hazards, exposures and health effects from unconventional natural gas development. Environ Sci Technol 48(15):8307-8320.. Bell IR, Baldwin CM, Schwartz GE. 1998. Illness from low levels of environmental chemicals: relevance to chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. Am J Med 105(3A):74S-82S.. Bhattacharyya N. 2009. Contemporary assessment of the disease burden of sinusitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 23(4):392-395.. Burch RC, Loder S, Loder E, Smitherman TA. 2015. The prevalence and burden of migraine and severe headache in the United States: updated statistics from government health surveillance studies. Headache 55(1):21-34.. Casey JA, Curriero FC, Cosgrove SE, Nachman KE, Schwartz BS. 2013. High-density livestock operations, crop field application of manure, and risk of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in Pennsylvania. JAMA Intern Med 173(21):1980-1990.. Casey JA, Savitz DA, Rasmussen SG, ...

Rural areas in developing counties lack transportation for health delivery partly because of the geography of area [4], individual lifestyles, low household prioritization on health, and inadequacy of policy to provide transportation for health delivery as shown by our results. This challenges the effectiveness of primary health delivery programmes and strategies implemented to increase access to maternal and child health services in particular. This paper demonstrates the need for effective transportation in health delivery particularly in developing countries [11, 13] where ambulance services may not be efficient in supporting access to critical health services, and presents a framework for sustainable transportation services driven by community participation.. In the construct of the current paradigm of PHC in Ghana, referral is relied heavily upon because the main services provided under the CHPS strategy are preventive health and basic health care. This makes transportation issues very ...

The mission of the Mental Health Association is to promote an environment of empowerment and acceptance for all people dealing with mental health issues through advocacy, education, and comprehensive support services. We foster opportunities for growth, recovery, inclusion, and, most importantly HOPE. We envision a community in which all members with mental health issues are accepted, not stigmatized, and have an opportunity to reach their full potential.. Founded in 1965, the Mental Health Association of Washington County is a non-profit agency dedicated to assisting people with mental illness. For over 45 years, the Mental Health Association has played a leading role in advocacy, providing services, and educating the community.. The Mental Health Association has been a catalyst for change in improving the availability and diversity of Mental Health services. The Mental Health Association developed and operated the first social and vocational rehabilitation services in the county. Besides the ...

Back to Researcher Profiles Sharla Smith, MPH, PhD, serves as an Assistant Professor in the Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department at the University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita. Dr. Smith's research focus concerns strategies for infant mortality, community health education, organizing and financing public health services, and program and partnership development. She has specific expertise in maternal and child health issues that relate to the public health systems, public health agencies, policy, and community organizations.. Her current research focuses on the association of public health delivery systems and injury related infant mortality. She has taught several public health courses including public health law, introduction to public health, introduction to health policy and politics, and epidemiology. Dr. Smith earned a Master of Public Health degree in Health Policy and Management and a PhD in Health Systems and Services Research from the University of Arkansas for ...

Background There is increasing emphasis on pharmacists' assuming responsibility for public health promotion and delivery with formal expansion of public health activities in their practice. A number of pharmacy school accreditation bodies now incorporate public health competencies within expected professional training outcomes. The objective of this study was to characterize pharmacy student perceptions towards pharmacist public health services roles and responsibilities. Methods All undergraduate students at the College of Pharmacy at Qatar University were surveyed 1 week following a student-led breast cancer awareness event. A questionnaire was devised from a literature review and comprised of 10 questions assessing pharmacy student motivations, perceptions and anticipated comfort with various pharmacist-conducted public health activities. Results Ninety-four per cent of students responded, most having participated in the breast cancer awareness event. They generally felt pharmacist ...

The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) is a United States-based non-governmental institute created as part of a modification to the Social Security Act by clauses in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. It is a government-sponsored organization charged with investigating the relative effectiveness of various medical treatments. Medicare may consider the Institute's research in the determining what sorts of therapies it will cover. PCORI was established by the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. It is a 501(c)(1) organization. PCORI is charged with examining the "relative health outcomes, clinical effectiveness, and appropriateness" of different medical treatments by evaluating existing studies and conducting its own. Its nineteen-member board includes patients, physicians, nurses, hospitals, drug makers, device manufacturers, insurers, payers, government officials and health experts. It will not have the power to mandate or even endorse coverage rules or ...

Background: Core outcome sets are an agreed recommendation to inform the selection of outcome measures in clinical trials. There has been low uptake of the 2014 hip fracture core outcome set. The reasons for this remain unclear. The aim of this study was to understand the reasons for the non-adoption and approaches to increase adoption of the hip fracture core outcome set. Methods: Randomised controlled trials from PubMed (2017-2019) and ClinicalTrials.gov (2015-2019) were identified. Corresponding authors for each identified trial (n = 302) were surveyed using five questions on awareness of the hip fracture core outcome set, reasons for non-adoption and approaches to increase adoption. Data were analysed descriptively using frequencies, mean values and standard deviations. Results: Fifty-four percent of the respondents (n = 43) were aware of the concept of core outcome set. Only 15% (n = 12) based the outcome measure selection on the 2014 hip fracture core outcome set. Key reasons for ...

Racial/ethnic differences in health are evident among men. Previous work suggests associations between mental and physical health but few studies have examined how mood/anxiety disorders and chronic physical health conditions covary by age, race, and ethnicity among men. Using data from 1,277 African American, 629 Caribbean Black, and 371 non-Hispanic White men from the National Survey of American Life, we examined associations between race/ethnicity and experiencing one or more chronic physical health conditions in logistic regression models stratified by age and 12-month mood/anxiety disorder status. Among men ,45 years without mood/anxiety disorders, Caribbean Blacks had lower odds of chronic physical health conditions than Whites. Among men aged 45+ years with mood/anxiety disorders, African Americans had greater odds of chronic physical health conditions than Whites. Future studies should explore the underlying causes of such variation and how studying mental and chronic physical health ...

Mental Health Status of Prisoners in Jail It is recognized that one of the major issues in jail management is responding to the needs of a growing number of inmates with mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the nature and severity of mental health problems among inmate population. The mental health status of 1,500 (1,337 responded) inmates of the 30 prisons located in nationwide area was examined using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). And the scores on MMPI were examined in relation to some offender characteristics such as type of offence, treatment classification, frequence of discipline. The result indicates that the percentage of inmate population with scores over 70 on every sub-categories of the scale is higher than that of general populations reflecting high rate of deviation from average normal mental health. It seems likely that many of inmates are in need of specific mental health treatment services. The nature and severity of mental health

This project integrates theoretical work on justice and health care with practical research on decision-making and limit-setting in managed care organizations (MCOs). Dr. Daniels explores the issue of legitimacy and its role in decisions by private insurers and governments that affect patient welfare. Among the areas his study addresses are: 1) how conditions needed to establish legitimate limit-setting can be applied to create detailed and specific regulatory requirements; 2) how MCOs can use concepts of legitimacy to improve decisions about coverage of new technologies, treatment guidelines, and disease management; 3) incorporating these processes into regulatory requirements; 4) including specific features of fair process in benchmarks of fairness; and 5) using them to address issues of access, benefits, efficiency, and process in nations' health reform efforts and in developing countries. Dr. Daniels explores the conditions under which limit-setting decisions can achieve legitimacy and ...

Back to Researcher Profiles Dr. Beatty's research interests are in public health services and systems research, performance management, rural public health and rural health disparities. Kate Beatty is an assistant professor in the Department of Health Services Management and Policy at East Tennessee State University's College of Public Health. Dr. Beatty received her PhD in Public Health Studies at Saint Louis University's College for Public Health and Social Justice in August 2013. More specifically, she has worked with both national and state-level data to examine factors associated with accreditation on local health departments, with a focus on the unique challenges faced by rural communities.. Dr. Beatty has worked with other researchers and practitioners in public health services and systems research, including the Missouri Practice-Based Research Network, on several projects related to local health department accreditation. More recently, Dr. Beatty has begun working with health management ...

The task force also discerned that minorities experience significantly poorer health outcomes when compared to their white counterparts. While the health status for Americans overall is improving, the health status for minorities is declining. Because of these disparities, the U.S. Secretary created the federal Office of Minority Health to continually monitor minority health issues and to recommend ways to improve the health status and outcomes for minorities.. The Commissioner's Advisory Council on Health Disparity and Health Equity Background. In 1990, Virginia's State Health Commissioner created the Minority Health Advisory Committee (MHAC) to ensure that the health priorities and health concerns of Virginia's minority populations were adequately addressed by the Virginia Department of Health. The MHAC included appointed representatives from local, state and federal public health agencies, University of Virginia's Center for Public Service, Virginia Commonwealth University's Department of ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Oral health status and development of ventilator-associated pneumonia. T2 - A descriptive study. AU - Munro, Cindy L.. AU - Grap, Mary Jo. AU - Elswick, R. K.. AU - McKinney, Jessica. AU - Sessler, Curtis N.. AU - Hummel, Russell S.. PY - 2006/9/1. Y1 - 2006/9/1. N2 - BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and may be influenced by oral health. OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and oral health status, changes in oral health status during the first 7 days after intubation, and microbial colonization of the oropharynx and trachea. METHODS: A total of 66 patients were enrolled within 24 hours of intubation and were followed up for up to 7 days. Data on oral health measures and the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) were collected at baseline, day 4 (n = 37), and day 7 (n = 21). A regression model was used to predict risk of pneumonia at day 4. RESULTS Dental plaque and oral ...

The One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training in UF's Emerging Pathogens Institute, in collaboration with U.S. and Mongolian institutions, has identified the first known case of an equine influenza virus in camels. Their findings will be published in the December issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases.. "Over the last 10 years, we've been amazed at all the cross-species jumps of influenza. Now we're finding yet another," says Gregory C. Gray, center director and environmental and global health professor in UF's College of Public Health and Health Professions.. Although there is no immediate risk, the inter-mammalian transmission of the virus is a major concern for public health researchers interested in controlling the threat of pandemic influenza, he says.. Camels have recently been implicated in the transfer of the deadly Middle East respiratory syndrome virus to man. This new discovery further demonstrates the potential role of camels in the ecology of zoonotic diseases, which ...

Younger people with heart failure often experience poor self-rated health. Furthermore, poor self-rated health is associated with long-term sick leave and disability pension. Socio-demographic factors affect the ability to return to work. However, little is known about people on sick leave due to heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between self-rated health, mood, socio-demographic factors, sick leave compensation, encounters with healthcare professionals and social insurance officers and self-estimated ability to return to work, for people on sick leave due to heart failure. This population-based investigation had a cross-sectional design. Data were collected in Sweden in 2012 from two official registries and from a postal questionnaire. In total, 590 subjects, aged 23-67, responded (response rate 45.8%). Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses (Spearman bivariate analysis) and logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations. Poor ...

This article is a report of the fourth meeting of the Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) initiative held in Malmo, Sweden on 23-24 April 2015 (HOME IV). The aim of the meeting was to achieve consensus over the preferred outcome instruments for measuring patient-reported symptoms and quality of life for the HOME core outcome set for atopic eczema (AE). Following presentations, which included data from systematic reviews, consensus discussions were held in a mixture of whole group and small group discussions. Small groups were allocated a priori to ensure representation of different stakeholders and countries. Decisions were voted on using electronic keypads. For the patient-reported symptoms, the group agreed by vote that itch, sleep loss, dryness, redness/inflamed skin and irritated skin were all considered essential aspects of AE symptoms. Many instruments for capturing patient-reported symptoms were discussed [ including the Patient-Oriented SCOring Atopic Dermatitis index, ...

No human society is mundane to healthcare delivery method. Apparently, the process of healthcare delivery depicts the extent of the social development of a particular society. However, the healthcare delivery process in Nigeria from the colonial era attained a new paradigm by shifting from the practice of traditional medicine to the western styled patterns. Since the colonial Nigeria, both the traditional and western medicine has been dependable sources of preventive medicine for the Nigeria populace. In spite of the outright condemnation of the traditional healthcare practices, it received unbridled patronage by a larger Nigeria populace, thus the post-independence Nigeria witnessed a paradox of health care delivery.. Aim: This paper aims to provide an understanding on the revolutions in the healthcare delivery system in Nigeria since the colonial period.. Methodology: An extensive review of literature was carried out to elicit information on the Nigerian healthcare delivery since the colonial ...

Examines and compares the health status and health service utilization of women and men in a provincial correctional jail in Atlantic Canada. Finds that prisoners experienced a number of physical and mental health issues and a large proportion used health services during incarceration. The quality and accessibility of health services played a significant role in how participants viewed health care in jail. Sex and gender are shown to influence the health status and use of health services among provincial prisoners. Females report more heath issues and poorer overall health, as well as more difficulties accessing health services during incarceration than male prisoners. Race also plays a role in health status and health service utilization. Aboriginal prisoners rate their overall physical and mental health poorer than non-Aboriginals. They also report a greater need for health services, but use them less than non-Aboriginal prisoners.. ...

Health expenditure; public (% of total health expenditure) in Malaysia was last measured at 54.83 in 2013, according to the World Bank. Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.This page has the latest values, historical data, forecasts, charts, statistics, an economic calendar and news for Health expenditure - public (% of total health expenditure) in Malaysia.

Health sector Policy 2004. The Health Sector Policy is the basis of national health planning and the first point of reference for all actors working in the health sector. It sets the health policy objectives, identifies the priority health interventions for meeting these objectives, outlines the role of each level in the health system and provides guidelines for improved planning and evaluation of activities in the health sector. National Health Insurance Policy. The National Health Insurance Policy is based on the principles of Universal Health Insurance and on National Rwandan values which have underpinned the achievements of the current Community Based Health Insurance (CBHIs).. Goal of CBHI. The goal of the CBHI development policy is to provide the population of Rwanda with universal and equitable access to quality health services. CBHI complements other existing social insurance systems such as RAMA and MMI, in addition to private insurance schemes which target workers from the formal and ...

Migraine has a severe impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) affecting physical, emotional, and social aspects of daily living of an individual. Preventive treatment has been demonstrated to improve HRQoL by reducing the frequency of migraine headache days. The study used data from 2017 Adelphi Migraine Disease Specific Program, which is a cross-sectional survey of physicians and their consulting patients with migraine in the United States (US) and five European countries (EU [Germany, France, UK, Italy and Spain]). Objectives were to evaluate patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in the following two subgroups and by region (US and EU): (i) patients who are eligible for migraine preventive treatment (≥4 migraine headache days/month), and (ii) patients who are non-eligible for preventive treatment (| 4 migraine headache days/month). Patient-reported outcome measures that were assessed included the following: Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Version 2.1, Migraine Disability

Objectives: To evaluate the oral health status of the professional soccer players in Thailand. Methods: Twenty-five Thailand professional soccer players' oral conditions were examined and included in this study. DMFT, Quigley & Hein plaque index (PI), Löe & Silness gingival index, World Health Organization malocclusion index, pocket depth, TMJ examination and history of dental trauma were recorded. Results: The results demonstrated poor oral health level including dental caries (84%), DMFT score mean was 10.08, dental attrition (60%) and periodontal pocket (36%). Thirty percent of all players presented bruxism. More than 40% of athletes were bothered by their oral health with 28% reporting an impact on quality of life and 18% on training and performance. Conclusion: The oral health of Thai professional soccer players was poor that may result in negative impact on well-being, training and performance. As oral health is an important element of overall health and well-being, health promotion is required

Retrospective assessment of surgery outcome is considered problematic. The aims of this study were to evaluate the reproducibility and accuracy of a retrospective outcome assessment of lumbar spinal stenosis surgery with reference to prospective outcome scale measurements. Outcome of surgery from 100 lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) patients was evaluated retrospectively from patient files of a 3-month outpatient visit performed according to a standard clinical protocol by two independent researchers. In the retrospective analysis, outcome was graded as 2 = good if the clinical condition had clearly improved, 1 = moderate if it had just slightly improved, 0 = poor if it had not improved or was even worse than before the surgical treatment (Retrospective 3- point scale). A prospectively assessed Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire (ODI), Visual analogue pain scale (VAS) and a patient satisfaction questionnaire were used as references of standards. Reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. The

TY - JOUR. T1 - Validation of the KOOS, JR. T2 - A Short-form Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes Survey. AU - Lyman, Stephen. AU - Lee, Yuo Yu. AU - Franklin, Patricia D.. AU - Li, Wenjun. AU - Cross, Michael B.. AU - Padgett, Douglas E.. PY - 2016/6/1. Y1 - 2016/6/1. N2 - Background: Medicare is rapidly moving toward using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for outcomes assessment and justification of orthopaedic and other procedures. Numerous measures have been developed to study knee osteoarthritis (OA); however, many of these surveys are long, disruptive to clinic flow, and result in incomplete data capture and/or low followup rates. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS) physical function short-form (KOOS-PS), while shorter, ignores pain, which is a primary concern of patients with advanced knee OA. Questions/purposes: Our objective was to derive and validate a short-form survey focused on the patient with end-stage knee OA undergoing TKA. Methods: Using our hospital's knee ...

Ms Rebecca Cannell1. 1THS-N, Launceston, Australia. Challenges for timely elective hip or knee arthroplasty (HKA) within Tasmania can be summarised into the following areas: length of time to be reviewed by an Orthopaedic Surgeon; time between being listed for, and having surgery; and average length of stay (LOS) in hospital.. Assessing patients pre-operatively through a suite of tools can provide clinicians with critical information for predicting LOS and discharge destination including the need for inpatient rehabilitation. There is currently no accepted tool within the Launceston General Hospital to indicate this need.. Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy are trialling a number of assessment tools (Risk Predictor Assessment Tool, Timed Up and Go, Post-operative Delirium Screen, health outcome measure EQ-5L-5D, and The Oxford Hip/Knee Scale) to predict LOS and potential need for inpatient rehabilitation. Data is being collected pre and post-operatively to establish reliability and ...