This study was designed to establish normative data for individuals 18-22 years old using oscillometry by comparing the values to spirometry. Oscillometry is a less invasive procedure for respiratory testing than spirometry testing. One hundred and forty-two participants completed self-assessment questionnaires, along with body composition measurements and at least three trials each of oscillometry and spirometry testing. The results of the study conclude that no normative data could be established in this study over all resistance (R) and reactance (X) frequencies for males and females. The secondary goal of this study was to examine the effects of smoking, physical activity, and weight on forced expiratory volume (FEV1). Smoking and weight had a significant effect on FEV1 while there was no significance to physical activity and FEV1 but a trend was found. In conclusion, more testing needs to be conducted to create normative data for 18-22 year olds. This will assist professionals in diagnosing

TY - JOUR. T1 - Emerging techniques to assess small airways disease. T2 - alveolar nitric oxide and impulse oscillometry. AU - Williamson, P. A.. AU - Vaidyanathan, S.. AU - Lipworth, B. J.. PY - 2008/12. Y1 - 2008/12. M3 - Book/Film/Article review. VL - 63. SP - A19-A19. JO - Thorax. JF - Thorax. SN - 0040-6376. IS - Supplement 7. M1 - S38. ER - ...

PubMed journal article [Preoperative lung function tests using impulse oscillometry were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android

Free Online Library: Impulse oscillometry reference values in Anglo and Hispanic children.(Report) by Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Sciences; Science and technology, general Anglo-Americans Demographic aspects Health aspects Asthma in children Statistics Childhood asthma English Americans Hispanic American children Hispanic Americans

PubMed journal article Relationship between impulse oscillometry and spirometric indices in cystic fibrosis childre were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android

Atrial fibrillation (Afib) contributes significantly to overall cardiovascular risk. Widespread screening for Afib in primary care is sometimes performed by palpation, but suffers from low accuracy and is dependent on clinician experience. Algorithms implemented on oscillometric blood pressure devices can... Read more ...

Oscillometry is the blood pressure (BP) measurement principle of most automatic cuff devices. The oscillogram (which is approximately the blood volume oscillation amplitude-external pressure function) is measured, and BP is then estimated via an empirical algorithm. The objective was to establish formulas to explain three popular empirical algorithms in the literature-the maximum amplitude, derivative, and fixed ratio algorithms. A mathematical model of the oscillogram was developed and analyzed to derive parametric formulas for explaining each algorithm. Exemplary parameter values were obtained by fitting the model to measured oscillograms. The model and formulas were validated by showing that their predictions correspond to measurements. The formula for the maximum amplitude algorithm indicates that it yields a weighted average of systolic and diastolic BP (0.45 and 0.55 weighting) instead of commonly assumed mean BP. The formulas for the derivative algorithm indicate that it can accurately estimate

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the respiratory functions of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) by IOS and its correlation with spirometry. Methods: Fifty-five NS patients aged 3-18 years were included as the study group and 40 healthy children of the sa

Research Paper Title Increased Oscillatory Frequency of Sleep Spindles in Combat-Exposed Veteran Men with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Background Sleep disturbances are core symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but reliable sleep markers of PTSD have yet to be identified. Sleep spindles are important brain waves associated with sleep protection and sleep-dependent memory consolidation. The present…

These findings preclude the interchange of readings by the 2 methods. Caution must be exercised in the diagnosis of hypertension when an automated device is used.

HDO works slightly differently to conventional oscillometry in that it performs real time analysis of the pulse wave forms detected under the inflation cuff. This proportedly gives faster and more accurate readings of systolic, mean and diastolic arterial blood pressures. Deflation of the occlusive cuff is more closely controlled and happens in a linear rather than stepwise fashion. This increases the sensitivity of the device and also allows pressures to be detected over a wider range of heart rates up to 500. This sensitivity makes it suitable for animals in which conventional oscillometric machines would not be suitable, eg rats. However, in one study the HDO device was not found to correlate well with the Dinamap nor with direct blood pressure measurements and the publication could not recommend its use in anesthetized dogs. A study comparing Doppler and HDO in cats found similar lack of consistency in readings with the HDO with it apparently over reading low pressure and under reading high ...

Abstract: We study the noise characteristics of stochastic oscillations in protein number dynamics of simple genetic oscillatory systems. Using the three-component negative feedback transcription regulatory system called the repressilator as a prototypical example, we quantify the degree of fluctuations in oscillation periods and amplitudes, as well as the noise propagation along the regulatory cascade in the stable oscillation regime via dynamic Monte Carlo simulations. For the single protein-species level, the fluctuation in the oscillation amplitudes is found to be larger than that of the oscillation periods, the distributions of which are reasonably described by the Weibull distribution and the Gaussian tail, respectively. Correlations between successive periods and between successive amplitudes, respectively, are measured to assess the noise propagation properties, which are found to decay faster for the amplitude than for the period. The local fluctuation property is also studied ...

Respiratory resistance at 20 Hz (R20) by impulse oscillometry (IO) characterizes airways resistance with inextensible walls. Airways resistance (Rtot) by body plethysmography reflects the total resistance of the first 8 - 10 bronchi generations. These indicators by different methods are close physiologically. The airways in patients with an emphysema are deprived of elastic support, so a lung compliance (CL) considerably increases. We have assumed that shunting of R20 increases with loss of lung elastic recoil.. Aim of the study is evaluation loss of respiratory resistance by IO with increasing of compliance and decreasing of lung elastic recoil.. Materials and methods: We compared Rtot and R20 in 67 healthy volunteers (32F/35M, 47±1 yrs) and in the patients with obstructive disorders - 41 patients with COPD (0F/41M, 56±1 yrs) and 52 patients with bronchial asthma (34F/18M, 47±2 yrs). We have used the relation Rtot/R20. All patients were performed investigation of lung elasticity using ...

Methods and apparatus for determining the occurrence of an apnea, patency and/or partial obstruction of the airway are disclosed. Respiratory air flow from a patient is measured to give an air flow signal. The determination of an apnea is performed by calculating the variance of the air flow signal over a moving time window and comparing the variance with a threshold value. One determination of partial obstruction of the airway is performed by detecting the inspiratory part of the air flow signal, scaling it to unity duration and area and calculating an index value of the amplitude of the scaled signal over a mid-portion. Alternatively, the index value is a measure of the flatness of the air flow signal over the mid-portion. One determination of patency of the airway is performed by applying an oscillatory pressure waveform of known frequency to a patients airway, calculating the magnitude of the component of said air flow signal at the known frequency induced by the oscillatory pressure waveform and

BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a strong risk factor for respiratory morbidity in children born preterm. Our aims were to evaluate lung function in adolescents born preterm with and without a history of BPD, and to assess lung function change over time from school age. METHODS: Fifty-one individuals born in Stockholm, Sweden between gestational ages 24 to 31 weeks (23 neonatally diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) but not BPD, and 28 graded as mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 7) or severe (n = 4) BPD) were examined in adolescence (13-17 years of age) using spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS), plethysmography, and ergospirometry ...

article{20db9d64-d425-466f-b79e-00a9ccc68c66, abstract = {,p,BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Follow-up studies of children and young adults born very-to-moderately preterm show persistent and significant lung function deficits. The aim of the study was to determine lung function and airway mechanics in school-aged children born in 2004 to 2007 and extremely preterm (after 22-26 weeks of gestation).,/p,,p,METHODS: In a population-based cohort of children born extremely preterm and controls born at term (n = 350), follow-up at 6½-years-of-age was performed using spirometry and impulse oscillometry. Associations to gestational age, smallness for gestational age (SGA), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were assessed.,/p,,p,RESULTS: Children born extremely preterm had lower forced vital capacity (FVC, z-score: -0.7, 95%CI: -1.0;-0.4), forced expiratory volume (FEV1 , z-score: -1.1, 95%CI: -1.4; -0.8), higher frequency-dependence of resistance (R5-20 , 0.09, 95%CI: 0.05; 0.12 kPa · L-1 · s-1 ) and ...

Faster oscillometry enables one to track rapid pressure changes. We therefore examined whether it was possible to shorten the measurement time without sacrificing accuracy. We accelerated and linearized cuff deflation and determined systolic and dias

Discovery of the phenomenon of synchronous oscillation in the cerebral cortex [eg Eckhorn et al 1988; Gray et al 1989; Singer 1994; Singer and Gray 1995] was partly motivated by a proposal by von der Malsburg [1983] that patterns of synchronous activity in the brain would offer a mechanism whereby the many sensory input features contributing to the perception of a unified object, might be linked to form a whole. This offered a solution to the binding problem posed by the need to register unique combinations of all possible stimulus features [Singer and Gray 1995; Livingstone 1996]. As has been pointed out by Palm and Wennekers [1997] interest in this solution to the binding problem, rather than the simpler requirements of direct modelling of experimental results has driven much of the attempts to find an explanatory mechanism for synchronous oscillation. A strong presumption that linked non-linear oscillations underlie the phenomenon [eg Abarbanel et al 1996] has motivated most attempts at ...

Background and Objectives: Recent studies in humans and dogs have shown that ventricular repolarization exhibits a low-frequency (LF) oscillatory pattern following enhanced sympathetic activity, which has been related to arrhythmic risk. The appearance of LF oscillations in ventricular repolarization is, however, not immediate, but it may take up to some minutes. This study seeks to characterize the time course of the action potential (AP) duration (APD) oscillatory behavior in response to sympathetic provocations, unveil its underlying mechanisms and establish a potential link to arrhythmogenesis under disease conditions.Materials and Methods: A representative set of human ventricular computational models coupling cellular electrophysiology, calcium dynamics, β-adrenergic signaling, and mechanics was built. Sympathetic provocation was modeled via phasic changes in β-adrenergic stimulation (β-AS) and mechanical stretch at Mayer wave frequencies within the 0.03-0.15 Hz band.Results: Our results show

The occurrence of oscillations in a well-known asymptotic preserving (AP) numerical scheme is investigated in the context of a linear model of diffusive relaxation, known as the $P_1$ equations. The scheme is derived with operator splitting methods that separate the $P_1$ system into slow and fast dynamics. A careful analysis of the scheme shows that binary oscillations can occur as a result of a black-red diffusion stencil and that dispersive-type oscillations may occur when there is too little numerical dissipation. The latter conclusion is based on comparison with a modified form of the $P_1$ system. Numerical fixes are also introduced to remove the oscillatory behavior.

The inverse relation of the power density of the EEG with frequency in the mammalian cortex is a result of the physical structure of neuronal networks and the limited speed of neuronal communication arising from axon conduction and synaptic delays [9]. A large cluster of neurons, each generating a unit activity, forms a functional network which is held together by the neurons synchronisation that ensures activity control [18]. Such synchronised behaviour seems to attract further neurons and causes the oscillation amplitude to increase. Moreover, the period of oscillation is determined by the size of this neuronal cluster that constitutes a given cycle [9]. Thus, large neuronal areas are associated with slow, high amplitude oscillations whereas a small, localised concentration of neurons gives rise to higher frequency, low amplitude signals [8]. This explains why most of the power of the EEG signals is concentrated in the low frequency spectrum.. MEG recorded data, which is sometimes preferred ...

Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been shown to increase the frequency of gamma oscillations in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. The underlying mechanism of the increase however, is unclear. This project utilizes an integrate-and-fire model of the CA3, based on experimental data, to investigate the increase in oscillation frequency. The model was built first without NMDA receptors to simulate carbachol induced oscillations in vitro. Then, NMDA receptors were added to evoke the increase in oscillation frequency. The model shows that a shift in mechanism, from a pyramidal neuron-interneuron feedback loop, to interneuron-interneuron oscillations, is responsible for the increase in gamma oscillation frequency. An interesting relationship between the active NMDA mediated current and instantaneous cycle frequencies points to further areas of study.

We thank F. Trinkmann and co-authors for their appreciation of our work and also in raising important questions on the role of small airway function in early detection of lung function impairment associated with asthma and smoking, leading to development of COPD 1]. The focus of our study was not simply on small airway function but rather, the onset and trajectories of lung function impairment associated with asthma and smoking. However, we agree that small airway function is an important part of that assessment. The authors raise two important points in this regard. First, that (at a microscopic level) significant pathology is present in the small airways before it can be detected by commonly used diagnostic tests, and secondly that other tests such as oscillometry, static lung volumes, transfer factor and radiological imaging add to the assessment of small airway function. We agree with both these points. However, we disagree with their assertion that assessment of small airway function using ...

AW Oscillation Technique MT5: AW Oscillation Technology EA Grid Expert Advisor-active trading using signals from a set of oscillatory indicators that analyzes current price - Deutsch

An array antenna embodying on a dielectric support, a periodic succession parallel to an alignment direction of rectangular patches having alternating active patches and parasitic patches. The active patches are identical, fed with electromagnetic energy in areas such that their sides parallel to the alignment direction are radiating sides, sized to have the same resonant frequency and disposed so that their phase centers are at a distance apart less than the wavelength in air associated with the resonant frequency. The parasitic patches are separated from the active patches by slots of constant non-null width extending transversely to the alignment direction and sized to have resonant frequencies near the resonant frequency of the active patches.

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Distinct inhibitory networks underlie temporal dynamics of signal processing in vivo (Wang et al., 2004; Wilson et al., 2012), which differs between ACC and LPFC (Johnston et al., 2007; Voloh et al., 2015; Stoll et al., 2016). The correlated fluctuation of spontaneous AP activity decays more slowly in the ACC than in the LPFC in vivo, indicating that the intrinsic timescales of signal processing differ in the two areas (Murray et al., 2014). Our finding of higher inhibitory tone and longer membrane time constant in ACC neurons likely contribute to lengthening the time window for signal summation in this brain area.. The oscillatory frequencies of cortical networks are dependent on the timescale of inhibitory events (Börgers and Kopell, 2005; Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010). Computational modeling of a pyramidal interneuron network (Gloveli et al., 2005; Tort et al., 2007; Kopell et al., 2010) predicts that the prolonged time course of IPSCs in ACC will generate slower oscillatory activity in ...

Tinnitus is a phantom auditory perception characterized by a ringing sound in either one or both ears. It is a common disorder most often associated with hearing loss and can have a severe impact on a persons quality of life. There is currently no cure and no efficient therapeutic options. There is little known about the neural mechanisms underlying the generation of tinnitus but a better understanding of its neural basis could greatly benefit the development of efficient treatment methods. This literature study aims to explore the neural mechanisms of tinnitus in terms of generation, perpetuation, and perception. Cochlear dysfunction, changes in neuronal firing rates and oscillatory properties, hyperactivity, lack of inhibitory activity and plasticity in auditory-limbic structures have been associated with tinnitus and may be a part of a crossmodal network involved in generating, perpetuating and perceiving tinnitus, through maladaptive CNS plasticity. New developing treatment methods aim to ...

A system to measure the blood arterial pressure is designed and presented. The device has been designed by using the very promising oscillometric method, w

Systems and methods for maintaining a drive signal to a resonant circuit at a resonant frequency are provided. A system for maintaining a drive signal to a resonant circuit at a resonant frequency can include: an oscillator configured to provide an output to a phase comparator and a drive circuit, the drive circuit configured to provide a drive signal to a resonant circuit; a phase detector configured to receive a filtered version of the drive signal from the resonant circuit and provide a phase-indicating signal to the phase comparator; and the phase comparator, wherein the phase comparator is configured to provide a signal based on the phase difference between the oscillator output and the phase-indicating signal, wherein the signal from the phase comparator is used to control the frequency of the oscillator such that the phase difference converges to a fixed value.

A classical example of phase-locked bursting, specifically anti-phase burst synchronization, is the half-center oscillation (Brown, 1914). In this rhythm, one burster is in the active phase while the other is in the silent phase, and at some point the bursters switch roles. A half-center oscillation may be achieved by coupling two bursters with inhibitory synapses, which ensures that their active phases do not overlap. Alternatively, a half-center oscillation may emerge from coupling two continuously spiking cells with synaptic inhibition, if either 1) each cell undergoes some form of adaptation while it is spiking, such as spike slowing through a gradually augmenting outward current, that allows the suppressed cell to become active, or 2) each cell includes some feature, such as the hyperpolarization-induced deinactivation of an inward current, that allows it to escape from inhibition and become active after a period of suppression. When a pair of identical square-wave bursters are coupled with ...

On September 16 2015 at 10:00AM PST, Apple released their latest update to the iPhone: iOS 9. For several days after the announcement, ISPs and customers reported problems downloading iOS 9 due to overloaded servers. Obviously, the demand for iOS 9 was higher than even Apple anticipated, but how much higher? Few organizations outside of Apple have any idea what the actual iOS 9 adoption rates look like.. By analyzing the user agent strings of requests passing through the CloudFlare network, we were able to piece together a pretty good picture of iOS 9 uptake. Heres an hour-by-hour look at requests from iOS 8 devices (blue) and iOS 9 devices (orange) for the first 24 hours after the announcement.. ...

The frequency splitting observed in the researchers pair of disks indicated that the magnetic vortices in each were coupled together, even though the current was driving one disk only. The researchers showed through numerical simulation that the lower-frequency resonance corresponded to the two vortices rotating in phase with each other; the higher-frequency resonance corresponded to an out-of-phase rotation. Depending on whether the core polarizations of the two disks were pointing in the same or opposite directions, Otani and colleagues also observed different frequency pairs. This led to four distinct resonant frequencies in all.. The researchers could control the differences among the four resonant frequencies by changing the distance between disks, as well as the disk sizes. By demonstrating controllable pairing between adjacent magnetic vortices, the results point the way to more complex chains, lattices and crystals in which magnons can be finely controlled, says Otani. Our next target ...

Page 3 | Whatever iOS 7 problems you have run into there is always a workaround or a solution. We take a look at some common iOS 7 issues and fixes to alleviate them.

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Barberis, M.; Linke, C.; Adrover, M. A.; Gonzalez-Novo, A.; Lehrach, H.; Krobitsch, S.; Posas, F.; Klipp, E.: Sic1 plays a role in timing and oscillatory behaviour of B-type cyclins. Biotechnol Adv 30 (1), pp. 108 - 130 (2012 ...

The inductive reactance is different from the ohmic resistance where the inductive reactance for a coil of zero resistance does not cause loss in electric energy, because the current resistance is due to the ...

Warming alarmists are trying to spin recent global cooling as just a cool phase of the Pacific oscillation, masking ongoing global warming. This explanation is KNOWN to be false.

Setting executeInBackground property to true does not guarantee that application would run in the background for infinite amount of time. iOS imposes an limit on the time up-to which an background task could run, application will be suspended once this time duration has lapsed. If value of executeInBackground property is set to false, application will be suspended on entering the background.. Consider a scenario where user starts a image upload operation and application goes to background before complete event is received. In deactivate event handler, application developer can set the executeInBackground property to true in case application developer wants upload operation to continue in the background. Whenever complete event is received by the application, executeInBackground property should be set to false, indicating application no longer want to execute in the background.. iOS does not guarantee that application would run in the background for infinite amount of time, there is a ...

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Become an iOS developer at Fluidtime and develop applications for smart mobility with varying degrees of complexity and high performance.

News consumption service Circa has been updated its iOS app to version 1.3 today, making it easier to follow multiple stories from across the Web and access them from the main homescreen. Users have always been able to follow specific artic

Important Note: This guide is a results of research I did trying to get an OpenFL app to work on iOS. There was many websites and resources I had to use, I

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There are about 285 million people that are visually impaired in the world. Approximately 1 in every 12 men (8%) and 1 in every 200 women (0.5%) are affected by…

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