A temperature compensation circuit arrangement for liquid crystal cells in optical devices is presented. In an optical device, a liquid crystal cell typically manipulates the optical signals according to an output optical property, such as attenuation, responsive to an AC voltage source electrical signal. A feedback circuit arrangement is connected to the liquid crystal cell and controls the current through the liquid crystal cell with respect to temperature by a predetermined control equations for the output optical property so that the device manipulates the optical signals independently of temperature. The current follows the control equations, which are empirically determined with respect to temperature for one equation.

Development will be carried out on a five-yearcontract with the US government, its amount will be $ 10 million. The project is to create new optical materials using microorganisms that will protect the device from ultraviolet rays and other interference and increase the accuracy of their work. Now biodesign, opened in the 1970s,used in medicine, the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the production of new durable materials - for example, a synthetic analogue of spider silk. Lockheed Martin plans to expand the scope of technology to the development of materials for optical devices, the company said.. Man can not yet produce coatings forultra-precise optical devices, so we decided to turn to nature for help. The use of biological self-assembling materials can be a sustainable and cheap way to produce new materials - more efficient than their artificial manufacture. The maturity of materials bio-design technology is still low, and our five-year study will significantly advance this area. ...

Anritsu Devices Co., Ltd. develops, manufactures, and sells optical devices and electronic devices, and our products are used as key components in optical communication systems and devices used in the medical, measurement, and disaster prevention fields.

The E Conferences is a federated organization dedicated to bringing together a significant number of diverse scholarly events for presentation within the conference program. Events will run over a span of time during the conference depending on the number and length of the presentations.. ICWOC 2021: International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications 2021 aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results on all aspects of Wireless and Optical Communications. It also provides a premier interdisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of Wireless and Optical Communications.. ...

Fluidic systems, including microfluidic systems, are used to manipulate light by light-fluid interaction so as to affect reflection, refraction, absorption, optical filtering, or scattering of the beam. One or more fluids may be provided to a channel or chamber and exposed to an incident beam, and the proportion of at least one of a plurality of fluids may be varied. Light may interact with a discrete fluid plug subject to movement within a channel. One or more flexible members may be employed, such as to provide a variable lens. Fluidic optical devices may be used in applications including optical switching, optical filtering, or optical processing. Multiplexed fluidic optical systems are further provided.

Binary optics has been interested widely in recent years, where the optical element can be fabricated on a thin glass plate with micro-ion-etching film layer. A novel optical scanning system for gene disease diagnostics is developed in this paper, where four kinds optical devices are used, such as beam arrays splitter, arrays lens, filter arrays element and detection arrays. A soft for binary device designing with iterative method is programmed. Two beam arrays splitters are designed and fabricated, where one devices can divide a beam into the 9x9 arrays , the other will divide a beam into the 13x13 arrays. The beam arrays splitter has a good diffraction efficiency ,70%, and an even energy distribution. The gene disease diagnostics system is portable by biochip and binary optics technology ...

A light emitting device which can be easily manufactured and can control the positions of light emission precisely, and an optical device. A first and second light emitting elements are formed on one face of a supporting base. The first light emitting element has an active layer made of GaInN mixed crystal on a GaN-made first substrate on the side thereof on which the supporting base is disposed. The second light emitting element has lasing portions on a GaAs-made second substrate on the side thereof on which the supporting base is disposed. Since the first and second light emitting elements are not grown on the same substrate, a multiple-wavelength laser having the output wavelength of around 400 nm can be easily obtained. Since the first substrate is transparent in the visible region, the positions of light emitting regions in the first and second light emitting elements can be precisely controlled by lithography.

0023] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an optical device, comprising forming a relief structure formation layer including first and second regions adjacent to each other, the second region being provided with recesses or protrusions and having a ratio of surface area to apparent area greater than that of the first region; vapor-depositing a first material having a refractive index different from that of a material of the relief structure formation layer entirely on the first and second regions to form a reflective material layer, the reflective material layer having a surface profile corresponding to surface profiles of the first and second regions, or the reflective material layer having a surface profile corresponding to the surface profile of the first region at a portion corresponding to the first region and being partially opened correspondingly to an arrangement of the recesses or protrusions at a portion corresponding to ...

A method of forming an optical device includes using a photomask to form a first mask on a device precursor. The method also includes using the photomask to form a second mask on the device precursor

Free Online Library: Fujitsu and Mitsui Launch QD Laser, Inc., Optical Device Venture for Commercialization of Quantum Dot Lasers. by JCN Newswires; Business

Described herein are the materials, mechanisms and procedures for optimizing various performance parameters of HPDLC optical devices in order to meet differing performance requirements. These optimization tailoring techniques include control and independent optimization of switchable HPDLC optical devices to meet the demanding requirements of anticipated applications for, inter alia, the telecommunications and display industries. These techniques include optimization of diffraction efficiency, i.e., index modulation, polarization dependence control, haze, cosmetic quality, control of response and relaxation time, voltage driving for on and off switching, and material uniformity. This control and independent optimization tailors properties of switchable HPDLC optical devices according to the specific requirements of the application of the switchable HPDLC optical device. The invention disclosed herein retains the desirable attributes of the multi-functional acrylate system for forming HPDLC optical

Red Dot Sights is a name for different groups of optical devices which enable the shooter to rapidly aim at targets at close range with one eye or even with both eyes opened. Magnification of dot sights is normally 1x or close to that. The simplest of this kind of optical aiming devices are small tube Riflescopes with 1x magnification. More advance are so called Reflex sights which are constructed as a single glass window with the aiming dot. All of the Dot sights have almost infinite eye relief and have a set parallax at approximately 40-60 meters.

This page describes every stage of optical device production, such as pump laserss, gain chips, semiconductor amplifiers, and light sources for sensors.

An optical device includes a semiconductor element configured to emit emission light or to receive incident light, including a first fitting part including a portion having a convex shape in a first

Optical Phase Conjugation is a non-linear optical phenomenon that generates a phase conjugate replica of an incident beam. It has been widely used to suppress the effects of aberrations in optical systems such as resonators or imagetransmitting optical fibers. In this work, the possibility of using optical phase conjugation as a means of suppressing the effect of scattering in turbid media is analyzed, with the final aim to apply it to biological tissues. Firstly, light propagation through a slab representing a turbid sample was calculated by solving Maxwells equations with the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method, in order to preserve all the information about the phase and coherence of the wavefront. The non-linear process that takes place within the phase conjugation mirror is described by coupledwave theory. A set of simulations was performed, and the results confirm the feasibility of using this effect to compensate the effect of scattering in turbid media. Subsequently, an experimental ...

TY - GEN. T1 - Free space optical communication on UAV-Assisted backhaul networks. T2 - 2019 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC Wkshps 2019. AU - Lee, Ju Hyung. AU - Park, Ki Hong. AU - Alouini, Mohamed Slim. AU - Ko, Young Chai. PY - 2019/12. Y1 - 2019/12. N2 - In this work, we address the trajectory optimization of a fixed-wing UAV using free space optical communication (FSO). Here, we focus on maximizing the service time of FSO-based vertical wireless backhaul networks by considering practical constraints for wireless UAV communication, including limited energy and required data rates. To solve the optimization problem, we use a bisection method and sequential programming and introduce a new feasibility algorithm. Although we design suboptimal solutions due to the non-convexity of the problems, simulation indicates that the proposed schemes exhibit a gain of approximately 123.4% in terms of service-time when compared with the conventional scheme.. AB - In this work, we address the trajectory ...

In an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to each bidirectional broadcasting bus, and a node communicates with another using the packets, or an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to a bidirectional broadcasting bus, and a node communicates with another using the packets, each node comprises carrier sensing means for sensing a carrier on the broadcasting bus, and jamming detecting means for detecting a jamming state of received signals.

Engineering. Science and Industry. M.Tech in Opto Electronics with specialization in Optical Communication Engineering in Madhya Pradesh. M.Tech in Opto Electronics with specialization in Optical Communication Engineering. Goal : To Establish the department as a Centre of Excellence in the area of optoelectronics and develop CENTER FOR PHOTONICS. Mission

An optical device includes a diode light source which is preferably in the form of an array of diode elements such as laser diodes or light emitting diodes (LEDs). The light emitted from the diode elements is directed towards a reflector which directs the emitted light through a heat sink member for controlling the temperature of the diode elements. The heat sink member preferably has a plurality of fins for dissipating heat, and the emitted light passes through these fins and away from the optical device. An optical lightguide may be integrated with the optical device to give the user better control over how the emitted light is imaged. The diode elements preferably emit in either the blue or ultraviolet region of the optical spectrum. In one embodiment of the invention, the output from the diode elements has a cross section that is variable in shape, permitting a composite material within a cavity of a tooth to be cured in such a way that microgaps between the tooth and the composite are not

Substrate for Optical Device - The present invention relates to a substrate for an optical device, which is configured to connect an optical element substrate and an electrode substrate in a fitting manner, and simultaneously, to form one or more bridge pads which are insulated from the optical element substrate by a horizontal insulating layer, on the optical element substrate. The substrate for an optical device according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: an optical element substrate which is made of a metal plate and contains a plurality of optical elements therein; a pair of electrode substrates which are made of an insulating material to form a conductive layer on at least a portion of the upper surface thereof, are connected to both side surfaces of the optical element substrate, respectively, and are wire-bonded to the electrodes of the optical elements; and a fitting means which is formed on the side surfaces of the electrode substrate and the optical element ...

A method for producing a surface mounting optoelectronic component having comprises the following steps: readying a base body with the optoelectronic transmitter and/or receiver arranged in a recess of the base body, filling the recess of the base body with a transparent, curable casting compound, and placing the optical device onto the base body, so whereby the optical device comes into contact with the casting compound.

Interest in implantable microchips for medical sensors is increasing. To reduce the invasiveness of implantation, wireless data transmission in a living body is an important issue shared by all such sensors. Here, the authors report on a light-based wireless data transmission method for implantable biomedical sensor chips. An implantable micro-sized image sensor (400 × 1200 μm2) that was designed to modulate a small light-emitting diode (λ = 855 nm) with pulse-width modulation for intra-vital optical communication (IOC) was developed. Both a transmitter device and a receiver device for IOC were prepared, and optical image data transmission through biological tissue (a mouse skull bone) was successfully demonstrated.

First and second carrier modulators each modulate a carrier having a different frequency from each other with a baseband input signal. First and second variable wavelength optical modulators each convert the modulated signal into an optical signal having a first or second wavelength. An optical multiplexer multiplexes the optical signals, and sends a multiplexed signal to an optical transmission line. A wavelength separator individually outputs wavelength components of the multiplexed signal. First and second optical receivers each convert these wavelength components into an electrical signal. First and second filters each pass only the signal components of each different frequency. First and second burst demodulators each demodulate the modulated signal. With such a structure, a large-capacity optical communication apparatus which is capable of simultaneously using the same wavelength without requiring wavelength management in optical transmitting circuits can be achieved at a low cost.

Over the last few years, the global need for data transmission has experienced explosive growth. Data traffic is predicted to continuously challenge the capacity of future communication networks in the period of the next generation of communication systems. To this end, free-space optical communications (FSO) are gaining popularity as an effective alternative technology to the limited availability of radio frequency (RF) spectrum. FSO is gaining popularity due to high achievable optical bandwidth, flexibility, greater security, low power consumption in various applications of communications such as surveillance, last-mile connectivity, backhaul, disaster recovery, drone and satellite communications. As the application domain expands, the demand for more intelligent processing, operation, and optimization of tomorrows communication networks will inevitably arise.Machine learning must be integrated into the design, planning, and optimization of future optical wireless communication networks in order to

NASA and The Aerospace Corporation of El Segundo, California, have received confirmation the Optical Communications and Sensor Demonstration (OCSD) CubeSat spacecraft is in orbit and operational. OCSD launched aboard an Atlas V rocket Thursday from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

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Channel estimation is a key technology for Wireless Optical Communication (WOC) systems. Based on the Training Sequence (TS), this paper ...

A semiconductor device is disclosed that comprises a base semiconductor portion and, thereon, first and second elevated semiconductor portions separated by a channel. The uppermost surface of the first elevated semiconductor portion carries a metal electrical contact layer and the uppermost of the second a dielectric layer. The surfaces defining the channel are substantially free of metal and dielectric. The structure can be used in a ridge waveguide laser, the first elevated semiconductor portion constituting the ridge. Distributed feedback corrugations may be incorporated in such devices or in other ridge waveguide structures.

There is described a sensor device which comprises light source means for emitting a light beam, photodetector means for receiving the light beam after passing through or being reflected within living

In this paper, we report a novel fabrication technique for integrated silicon waveguides and devices. Unlike conventional silicon-on-insulator (SOI) techno

Optical devices comprised of a bundle of micron-sized optical fibers. Used as a lens to transmit light or an image with high efficiency and low distortion. Unlike a normal optical lens, no focusing distance is required. Ideal when designing and building compact optical devices.

This project aims to develop a framework of requirements which support safe installation and operation of optical devices within an aircraft fuel tank, specifically: 1: To determine optical power and energy limits which ensure safe operation of optical installations within an aircraft fuel tank over aircraft life and under all phases of flight, taking the limits provided in IEC 60079-28:20015 as a starting point. 2: To demonstrate optical and electrical power and energy equivalences, where possible. 3: To determine requirements for optical installations, including bonding and electrostatic discharge for non-conductive components such as optical fibres. 4: To provide guidelines for analysis of the hazards presented by the typical internal components of optical devices, such as failure modes of photo diodes and cells ...

Medical optics is big business. The global market for medical device technologies is expected to reach $538.7 billion in 2018, registering a compound

An optical device such as the lens can be used for a variety of reasons:to transmit light which converges the light beam or refract light which diverges the light beam. Most lens are typically made from transparent material such as glass or plastic. The purpose of using such materials helps correct the direction of light needed in a specific situation. There are many types of lens but lets first discuss the construction of this optical device. The most abundant type of lenses is the spherical shape. There are two surfaces that are perpendicular to the axis of the lens. There can be a convex lens which looks like a bubble bulging outward or a concave lens which has an inward bulging bubble shapes. The next type of lens which is called the toric lens has 2 distinct radii of curvature that are perpendicular to each other. This creates a type of astigmatism which is where rays that propagate in two orthogonal planes have distinct foci.. Although these lenses may seem simple they do certainly become ...

The Scientific World Journal is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 81 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.

both of which allege that Vermeer employed an optical device, the camera obscura, as an aid to his painting. Fascinated by the theories of Hockney and Steadman (both outsiders to the art history enclave), Jenison built his own camera obscura but found something was amiss. He immediately came to suspect that not only had Vermeer used some sort of optical device to trace the drawing of his motif onto his canvas (as Steadman had for all practical purposes proved) but must have used it to register the colors and tonal values of his paintings which have been long admired for their uncanny precision, apparently out of reach of his contemporaries.. While viewing in person Vermeers Music Lesson, perhaps the artists most optically based work, Jenison, a video engineer well versed in analyzing images scientifically, became firmly convinced that the work presents optical information that cannot be gathered by retinal observation. Pondering how Vermeer could have achieved such results, he invented-the ...

The optical device comprises at least two optical elements (M1, M2 ; L1, L2, L3 ; L1, M2) which are of variable focal length and include multilayer structures, at least one source of voltage (47) for the multilayer structures and electronic control means for controlling the voltage applied to the respective multilayer structures of the optical elements of variable focal length as a function of the magnification desired for the optical device.

Though they had been used as early as the 1850s on rifles, and even earlier for other tasks, until the 1980s, when optical device and assault rifle combinations such as the Austrian Steyr AUG and the British SUSAT mounted on the SA80, became standard issue, military use of telescopic sights was restricted to snipers because of the fragility and expense of optical components. Additionally the glass lenses are prone to breakage, and environmental conditions such as condensation, precipitation, dirt, and mud obscure external lenses. The scope tube also adds significant bulk to the rifle. Snipers generally used moderate to high magnification scopes with special reticles that allow them to estimate range to the target. Since the 1990s many other armed forces have adopted optical devices for general issue to infantry units and the rate of adoption has increased as the cost of manufacture has fallen. Telescopic sights provide some tactical disadvantages. Snipers rely on stealth and concealment to get ...

Power electronics is expanding as we automate and electrify our households and step into mainstream electric vehicles. Recently, GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) have been increasing in popularity for high voltage power electronics applications because they combine high electron mobility with low gate leakage, increasing efficiency. This comes with the tradeoff of increased reliability concerns to be addressed before the widespread commercialization of GaN MIS-HEMTs. This thesis investigates one failure mechanism found in prototype industrial GaN MIS-HEMTs: time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) of the gate insulator. TDDB occurs when a high electric field causes an accumulation of defects in the gate dielectric, forming a conducting path and rendering the device unusable. This is of major concern in GaN MIS-HEMTs because of their role as switches in high voltage circuits. In this work, we develop testing methodologies to address ...

A liquid crystal optical device comprising a pair of substrates provided with electrodes and a layer containing a liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates, wherein said layer is formed by irradiating light to a solution of a nematic liquid crystal material and a photo-curable vinyl compound selected so that the refractive index of the resulting cured product agrees to either the ordinary refractive index (no) or the extraordinary refractive index (ne) of the nematic liquid crystal material used, or the refractive index (nx) of the nematic liquid crystal material when it is randomly oriented, held between the pair of substrates provided with electrodes, to cure the photo-curable vinyl compound and fix the resulting phase separation of the nematic liquid crystal material and the cured product.

Optical Devices in Ophthalmology and Optometry: Technology, Design Principles, and Clinical Applications successfully bridges a growing hiatus between the technical principles and clinical applications of optics, fostering understanding and collaboration between clinicians, scientists, and engineers. This unique, interdisciplinary text, based on lectures given by the authors during the last 10 years, is a rich compilation of optical principles underlying past, current, and evolving systems for clinical eye care. The text includes three parts, each with multiple chapters that are followed by questions to assess knowledge. Part One reviews ocular anatomy, optics, and eye disease, Part Two discusses ophthalmic diagnosis and imaging, and Part Three focuses on laser-based ocular therapeutics. The preface includes a useful table recommending specific chapters for engineers, vision scientists, and clinicians.. Part One includes three concise chapters on structure, function, and optics of the human eye; ...

A MEMS optical device includes a MEMS image array and a self-aligned microlens array. The MEMS image array includes a number of individual channels. The microlens array includes individual microlenses, each of which is associated with one of the channels of the MEMS image array. The microlens array is formed directly on the MEMS image array using semiconductor fabrication techniques. Each microlens is automatically aligned with its respective channel within the image array. The need for precise and expensive manual alignment of the MEMS image array and the microlens arrays is avoided. Improvements in the fill factor and the transmission efficiency of the optical device are realized. Further, by tailoring the refractive index of the lens relative to both the substrate and the ambient air, the total internal reflection phenomenon can be exploited, for additional improvement in the transmission efficiency of the optical device.

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A microactuator for precisely aligning an optical fiber with an optical device includes a carrier having at least one bimorphic actuator which bends or deflects in response to electrical stimuli to thereby controllably position the carrier and, in turn, an optical fiber mounted on the carrier, with an optical device, such as a laser diode. The bimorphic actuator includes first and second layers of first and second materials, respectively, which respond differently to electrical stimuli. For example, the first and second materials can have different coefficients of thermal expansion or one of the materials can be a piezoelectric material such that application of electrical stimuli to the bimorphic actuator will deflect the actuator by a precisely controllable amount. The carrier can also be mounted on an alignment support structure such that upon deflecting the bimorphic actuator is urged against a portion of the alignment support structure so as to

Optical devices based on Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) technology have well been studied due to their inherited advantages from Integrated Circuits (IC), such as: small size, high reliability, mass production and potential integration with microelectronics. Among all the materials, silicon nanowire platform gains more and more interest. The large refractive index difference between core and cladding allows tremendous reduction of the component size. This thesis studies theoretically and experimentally some integrated optical devices based on silicon nanophotonic platform, including echelle grating demultiplexers and photonic crystals.. Some of the numerical methods are introduced first. Scalar integral diffraction method is efficient for calculating the diffraction efficiency of gratings. Beam propagation method and finite-difference time-domain method are also introduced, for simulating the light propagation along the devices.. The fabrication technology and characterization methods are ...

The present invention provides improved elastomeric interference films which are readily coextruded, have improved transparency, and have greater mismatches of refractive indices than those of the prior art. An improved elastomeric optical interference film comprising at least 100 alternating layers of at least first and second divergent substantially transparent elastomeric polymeric materials is provided. Adjacent layers of the first and second polymeric materials differ from each other in refractive index by at least about 0.05, and the thickness of the layers is from about 0.05 to about 0.5 micrometers. Stretching the films results in different wavelengths of light being reflected.

Stephen Morgan is Professor of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Nottingham. Since 1992 he has investigated novel optical techniques for imaging and spectroscopy of tissue using techniques such as laser Doppler flowmetry, acousto-optic imaging and hyperspectral imaging. His research involves the development of optical devices to monitor the microcirculation for applications such as wound healing. One example is a laser Doppler blood flow imaging device currently sold by Moor Instruments. His other main research interest is developing novel methods of imaging and sensing for applications in regenerative medicine.. Stephen is a member of the Optics and Photonics research group.. ...

A new classification and regression tool, Random Forest, is introduced and investigated for predicting a compounds quantitative or categorical biological activity.. The most comprehensive introduction to optical communications available anywhere-from the author of Optical Fiber Communications, the fields leading text. Gerd Keiser is founder and president of PhotonicsComm Solutions, Inc., a firm specializing in consulting and education for the optical communications industry.. Indigestion Integration Contest Parties like AAP are social media savvy, but prior to the presidential polls in June, they joined forces with other opposition parties to try and even the odds with BJP in this virtual contest. Passengers will be given a slip to write their. Kraft Foods Inc. was an American multinational confectionery, food and beverage conglomerate. It marketed many brands in more than 170 countries. 12 of its brands. Contest Winners. Long Ideas. Some Acquisition-Related Indigestion, But Expect A. ...

Over the last decade microfluidics has created a versatile platform that has significantly advanced the ways in which micro-scale organisms and objects are controlled, processed and investigated, by improving the cost, compactness and throughput aspects of analysis. Microfluidics has also expanded into optics to create reconfigurable and flexible optical devices such as reconfigurable lenses, lasers, waveguides, switches, and on-chip microscopes. Here we present a new opto-fluidic microscopy modality, i.e., Holographic Opto-fluidic Microscopy (HOM), based on lensless holographic imaging. This imaging modality complements the miniaturization provided by microfluidics and would allow the integration of microscopy into existing on-chip microfluidic devices with various functionalities. Our imaging modality utilizes partially coherent in-line holography and pixel super-resolution to create high-resolution amplitude and phase images of the objects flowing within micro-fluidic channels, which we ...

The massive transfer of data over the Internet that is vital to todays economy in our information society would not be possible without the crucial role played by fibre optics communication. Every time a node of the Internet sends information, it encodes a sequence of digital bits composing the message into light pulses. These light pulses are later sent through an optical fibre to a receiving node that converts the light signal back to the original sequence of bits.. The increase demand for higher data transfer raises the natural question on what are the fundamental physical limits to the information transmission rate over optical links. Raul García-Patrón, former member of the Theory Division of Professor Ignacio Cirac at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, with collaborators from Pisa, Brussels and Moscow, has recently answered this question (Nature Photonics, 21 September 2014), concluding a research program that started during his Humboldt postdoctoral fellowship at the MPQ ...

The ever-increasing demand for broadband capacity of the global optical communication networks puts enormous requirements on the semiconductor laser used in the optical transmitter. Industrial standard bodies for optical communication project requirements of single-channel data rates as high as 100 Gbit/s around year 2020. This is a significant step with respect to todays technology which is only at the verge of introducing 25 Gbit/s emitters. The preferred light source for these applications is the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) which can offer cost- and power-efficient directly modulated operation. However, it has proven extremely difficult to push the modulation bandwidth of VCSELs beyond 30 GHz and radically new device concepts are demanded to meet the upcoming needs. One such new device paradigm consists of the transistor laser which is the fusion of a semiconductor laser and a high-speed heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) into a single device, with potential ...

Kista High Speed Transmission lab (Kista HST-Lab) is a laboratory for advanced experimentation on systems and components for high speed optical communication jointly operated by RISE Acreo AB and KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Kista HST-Lab has excellent facilities for experiments on advanced optical transmission systems to meet real life engineering design criteria. Researchers under joint Acreo-KTH Kista HST-Lab has been continuously working with ultrahigh-speed optical communications in both direct detection and coherent systems, and advanced digital/photonic-assisted signal processing. Extensive research has been devoted to mitigation of semiconductor laser phase/frequency noise and equalization enhanced phase noise in coherent fiber optic transmission systems. Latest results published in Scientific Reports (Nature). Achieved high-speed intensity modulation and direct detection system demonstration with higher than 100 Gbps on-off keying (OOK) and 4/8 pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) with ultra

TY - CONF. T1 - Ultra-low-power-consumption heterojunction FET 8:1 MUX/1:8 DEMUX for 2.4-GBPS optical-fiber communication systems. AU - Numata, Keiichi. AU - Fujii, Masahiro. AU - Maeda, Tadashi. AU - Tokushima, Masatoshi. AU - Wada, Shigeki. AU - Fukaishi, Muneo. AU - Ishikawa, Masaoki. PY - 1995/12/1. Y1 - 1995/12/1. N2 - A gallium arsenide 8:1 multiplexer (MUX) and a 1:8 demultiplexer (DEMUX) for 2.4 Gbps optical communication systems have been developed. These LSIs employ a tree-type architecture using 2:1 MUXs/1:2 DEMUXs that is suitable for high-speed and low power operation but requires precise control of clock timing. To ensure timing margins, a new timing generator and clock buffer circuit have been developed. These LSIs operate at over 2.4 Gbps with 150-mW of power consumption at a supply voltage of 0.7 V.. AB - A gallium arsenide 8:1 multiplexer (MUX) and a 1:8 demultiplexer (DEMUX) for 2.4 Gbps optical communication systems have been developed. These LSIs employ a tree-type ...

One of the biggest hurdles in low vision care is coverage of the prescription devices, said Robinson, which places a large burden on patients for out-of-pocket expenses. The clinic receives funding to assist patients who meet financial criteria and is continuing to seek new funding sources to meet the growing need.. And the technology is getting more affordable. While the foundation of low vision care has always been optical devices, technology has been a game changer. With a mobile device in their hands, patients now have access to voice recognition, magnification, GPS and many other apps developed to make their lives easier, Robinson said. We teach them how to take advantage of these tools.. Robinson has begun to implement the clinical research arm of his practice. Working with Vanderbilt Eye Institute investigators and other collaborators, he hopes to study areas that offer better outcomes and treatment, including early intervention, low vision rehabilitative strategies like head-mounted ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A facile method of synthesizing size-controlled hollow cyanoacrylate nanoparticles for transparent superhydrophobic/oleophobic surfaces. AU - Matsubayashi, Takeshi. AU - Tenjimbayashi, Mizuki. AU - Manabe, Kengo. AU - Kyung, Kyu Hong. AU - Ding, Bin. AU - Shiratori, Seimei. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - Hollow nanoparticles have broad technological implications in a wide range of applications. Particularly, they have attracted great attention as functional coatings in applications such as optical devices, which have an optical transparency derived from a low refractive index. However, creating a facile and versatile method that can accurately control the hollow nanoparticle size has proven extremely challenging. Herein, we report a simple, instantly complete, one-pot method, designated the supersaturated gas-cored instant polymerization (SGCIP) method, to synthesize size-controlled hollow cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (HCNPs). The SGCIP method uses supersaturated gas created by mixing ...

Low vision rehabilitation is like physical therapy after loss of a limb. The end result is maintenance of independence and a sense of self-worth. This rebuilding and reinforcement of the visual foundation is mainly accomplished through identification of goals, introduction to low vision devices, and training. After evaluation by a low vision specialist, specially trained therapists teach daily activities such as safe cooking strategies, proper lighting, labeling techniques, and use of adaptive equipment. Such equipment includes optical devices like prescription magnification glasses, electronic magnifiers, telescopes, and computer magnification software. Non-optical approaches are also introduced, such as large print books, talking books, and scanners that read printed material aloud. Low vision rehabilitation is an important part of the continuum of care following diagnosis of AMD. Such training will help you maintain your quality of life and independence by finding new ways to function and ...

The Spectrometer is an incredibly important and powerful scientific instrument, as it allows analysis of the composition of matter and the structure of atoms, just from the light emitted or absorbed by it. The principle is simple; incident light is bent, or refracted, through an optical device such as a prism or diffraction grating. A spectrum is produced, each wavelength of light refracted by a unique angle. By measuring the angles at which light is refracted, a precise spectrum can be determined. By looking at what spectral lines are missing, otherwise known as an absorption spectrum, the composition of a body that does not emit its own light, such as a gas cloud, can be determined. A spectrometer has applications in many areas of science, including astronomy and analytical chemistry. When combined with a Spectrum Lamp, Spectrometers provide an accessible way to teach this essential area of Physics. Scale: 150 mm diameter circle is fixed, the table and telescope movements are completely

Thanks for their giving, indeed. A UK-based organization that was included in a November Inventors Digest feature on philanthropic agencies and companies has announced the winner of its Beacon Visionary+ Challenge: an innovative device that will improve the quality of life for thousands of people with double vision.. The Lens Slip Occluder, developed by Burton-on-Trent company DHC Informatics Ltd., received £20,000. The Beacon Centre and the University of Wolverhampton, based in the West Midlands, England, teamed to offer the award. Beacon will contribute £10,000 in social investment; the university will add £10,000 worth of consultancy support.. The occluder is an optical device worn over a pair of glasses to improve vision when reading books, magazines or newspapers, watching television or using a computer. It was developed primarily to treat and alleviate diplopia (double vision). However, it can also be effective in treating visual disturbances caused by conditions such as multiple ...

INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF LENSES AND VISUAL CORRECTIONS: A REFERENCE TO SPAIN AND THE SPANISH COLONIES IN THE NEW WORLD (XV-XVI C.) Mar a Luisa Calvo*, Departamento de ptica, Facultad de Ciencias F sicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Espa a; Jay M. Enoch**, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, USA ABSTRACT. Archaeological optics is a branch of science studying the early history of lenses, optical devices and introduction of visual corrections from ancient civilizations up to our modern world. The first known lenses were located in Egypt, (ca 2600 BC). There are well documented studies of discoveries adressing the early use of corrective lenses. However, little information exists relative to discoveries relating to early lens and mirror use in the American continent. We address early use of corrective lenses in Spain and in the Spanish Colonies in the New World, emphasizing the XV-XVI centuries. We report documents obtained from the Archives of the Indias, ...

Nanonex is the inventor of nanoimprint lithography , the world s first nanoimprint lithography company, and the world s leading provider of nanoimprint solutions that include equipment, masks, resists and processes. Nanonex s patented and proprietary nanoimprint lithography (NIL) solutions and Air-Cushion PressTM can manufacture 3D nanostructures with sub-5 nm resolution, large-area uniformity, accurate overlay alignment, high throughput, and low cost. Nanonex NIL solutions have been adopted by a broad spectrum of industry applications, such as optical devices, data storage, displays, light emitting diodes, semiconductor ICs, biotech, chemical synthesis, and advanced materials. Nanonex has over 100 customers and an installed base of more than 40 tools world-wide ...

Optics. A dispersion of light into colours upon passage through a prism. The dispersion of white light into different colours has already been examined by NEWTON. Each student is this observation known by e.g. a rainbow. The definition of three primary colours resulting from the spectrum allows afterwards also the understanding of origin of colours by adding colours, e.g. on a monitor. In the present experiment, the white light of a bulb is dispersed with a flint glass prism and the spectrum imaged on a screen. By using elements on an optical bench for demonstration, which can also be used for student experiments, it is possible to let students work parallel on this topic, as they easily recognize these optical devices. ...

Item Description: Hanna Instruments HI96832 Digital Propylene Glycol Refractometer * Digital refractometer for extremely fast and accurate results * Optical device measures Propylene Glycol Concentration in Water, Freeze Point in C and Sample Temperature * Displays results in just seconds Designed for Broad Range Pr

Nanoparticles comprising tungsten, methods of manufacturing nanoparticles comprising tungsten, and applications of nanoparticles comprising tungsten, such as electronics, optical devices, photonics, reagents for fine chemical synthesis, pigments, and catalysts are provided.

It is really important to be savvy how to SAFELY observe a solar eclipse, for what youre playing with is sun and hence there shant be any mistakes at all, for they would lead to irreversible damage to your eye. You should never directly look at the sun with the naked eye or with some optical devices such as telescopes binoculars. During a total solar eclipse, there are 3 phases which are the phase of totality and the ones before and after totality. However it is safe to view the solar eclipse without any filters, ONLY when there is the short phase of totality. It is imperative that safely precautions must be adhered to during the other 2 phases. One common solution is using the welders goggles/ glasses with the rating 14 or higher, as they screen out the harmfulness.One of the safest methods on the other hand is the indirect projection. The image of the sun is projected onto a white piece of paper using binoculars (with one side covered), a telescope or another piece of cardboard which has ...

It is really important to be savvy how to SAFELY observe a solar eclipse, for what youre playing with is sun and hence there shant be any mistakes at all, for they would lead to irreversible damage to your eye. You should never directly look at the sun with the naked eye or with some optical devices such as telescopes binoculars. During a total solar eclipse, there are 3 phases which are the phase of totality and the ones before and after totality. However it is safe to view the solar eclipse without any filters, ONLY when there is the short phase of totality. It is imperative that safely precautions must be adhered to during the other 2 phases. One common solution is using the welders goggles/ glasses with the rating 14 or higher, as they screen out the harmfulness.One of the safest methods on the other hand is the indirect projection. The image of the sun is projected onto a white piece of paper using binoculars (with one side covered), a telescope or another piece of cardboard which has ...

SWAROVSKI OPTIKs dG is the first long-range optical device with automatic animal identification. Students and educators get the dG -15% in our online store.

In this study, the use and advantages of balanced detection (BD) in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) are demonstrated. A-scans are calculated as a combination of two phase-opposed interferometric spectra acquired simultaneously by using a multiline single camera spectrometer. Not only does this system suppress artifacts due to autocorrelation, but also the signal of interest is increased by a factor of 2 as experimentally verified. Our BD-based SD-OCT gives a signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 8-14 dB for the peak within 1 mm compared to standard SD-OCT using a single detection scheme. This method is validated by experimental measurement of a glass plate.. © 2012 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...

The field of optogenetics encompasses tools and techniques involving the use of light to control and monitor activity of excitable cells, such as the human brain and heart. These cells are genetically modified to express one or more light-sensitive proteins. This project will develop an all-optical electrophysiology system that will allow researchers to tailor conductances and other biophysical properties of a cell or groups of cells using light.. To realize the full potential of optical voltage clamp, the research team will develop synthetic light activated molecules that will serve as molecular electrodes and design a microscope with automated feedback control of illumination. Resulting technology has the potential to be a game changer in the field of optogenetics and the development of future therapeutics. For instance, this all-optical electrophysiology method will allow high-throughput screening of drugs for excitability. The promise of optogenetics is also expected to have a profound ...

Caspary lives interdisciplinary work in his own everyday research. The scientist first completed a degree in physics at the University of Heidelberg. But he wrote his doctoral thesis in electrical engineering at the Technical University of Braunschweig. The current PhoenixD board member, Professor Dr Wolfgang Kowalsky, was once his doctoral supervisor. Caspary is particularly interested in optical communications technology, i.e. data transmission via optical fibres. Before PhoenixD, he was head of the Fluoride Glass Technology and Fiber Lasers group at the Institute for High-Frequency Technology at the Technical University of Braunschweig. There he worked on the development of novel optical fibres and fibre lasers. The technology coordinator is also involved in teaching: His first lecture at Leibniz Universität Hannover was devoted to applied wave optics. I like teaching because I learn a lot myself, says the 51-year-old. Teaching forces reflection and reflection is always helpful. ...

AbstractOptical technologies are essential for the rapid and efficient delivery of health care to patients. Efforts have begun to implement these technologies in miniature devices that are implantable in patients for continuous or chronic uses. In this review, we discuss guidelines for biomaterials suitable for use in vivo. Basic optical functions such as focusing, reflection, and diffraction have been realized with biopolymers. Biocompatible optical fibers can deliver sensing or therapeutic-inducing light into tissues and enable optical communications with implanted photonic devices. Wirelessly powered, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and miniature lasers made of biocompatible materials may offer new approaches in optical sensing and therapy. Advances in biotechnologies, such as optogenetics, enable more sophisticated photonic devices with a high level of integration with neurological or physiological circuits. With further innovations and translational development, implantable photonic devices offer a

RADIO OVER FIBER AIM OF PROJECT The discussion of the concepts of radio over fiber technology and its techniques for transporting radio signals over optical fiber 1. RADIO WAVE Radio waves propagate (travel) much like surface water waves. They travel near the Earths surface and also radiate skyward at various angles to the Earths surface. As the radio waves travel, their energy spreads over an ever components, a crest (top portion) and a trough (bottom portion). These components travel outward from the transmitter, one after the other, at a constant velocity (speed). The distance between successive wave crests is called a wavelength Fig (1) Freq. and wavelength The electromagnetic wave spectrum is shown in Figure 2.the part usable for radio communication ranges from below 10 kHz to over 100 GHz 1. RADIO WAVE Figure 2: The radio frequency spectrum 2. OPTICAL COMMUNICATION A communication system transmits information from one place to another, whether separated by a few kilometers. Information ...

Mode-locked fibre lasers generating ultrashort pulses with the advantages of robustness, compactness and excellent beam quality are of tremendous interest in applications such as laser material processing, medicine, precision measurement, biological photonics, ultrafast spectroscopy, optical communication and scientific research. In recent decades, mode-locked ultrafast fibre lasers operating in the near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral regions have been well developed, but ultrafast laser sources in the visible spectral region (380-760 nm) still heavily rely on Ti:sapphire mode-locked oscillator and optical parametric amplification systems (or frequency doubling of near-infrared ultrafast lasers), suffering from a large footprint and an extremely high cost. Researchers desire an alternative ultrafast visible laser solution that is compact, low cost, user friendly and maintenance free. Passive mode locking in all-fibre format could satisfy all these demands, and therefore, there is strong ...

John Fourkas, a chemistry professor at the University of Maryland, and his research team have developed materials and nanofabrication techniques to build miniaturized versions of components needed for sensors, medical diagnostics and other applications.. This approach allows for faster analysis at a lower cost with small sample volumes. The materials provide simultaneous 3D manipulation of microscopic objects using optical tweezers and a unique method for lithography, which is the process of using light in etching silicon or other substrates to create electronic components. These techniques allow complex 3D structures to be created from many microscopic components.. Previous work by this UMD research team found a breakthrough in the use of visible light for making small structures for applications including optical communications, cell behavior control and the manufacturing of integrated circuits.. Fourkas said, One of the exciting aspects of this set of techniques is that it is compatible with ...

The World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC 2012) will review and endorse global allocations of spectrum to ensure that this most precious resource is used effectively to the benefit of ITU Member States, radio-frequency spectrum and mobile phone users everywhere. ITU-R is also continuing its studies on emerging technologies such as cognitive radio, short-range devices and free-space optical communication systems, to ensure that all ITU Member States benefit from the latest technological developments and be able to operate these systems within an optimized global regulatory framework ...

InGaAs photodiodes for near-infrared light detection. Features include high speed, high sensitivity, low noise, and spectral responses ranging from 0.5 μm to 2.6 μm. Suitable for a wide range of applications including optical communication, analysis, and measurement.

http://www.lens.unifi.it/. First, the Wright research group at the University of Wisconsin-Madison presents its research using narrow frequency distribution of tunable laser sources to gain spectral selectivity in an analytical measurement (1). Along with a summary of its research and techniques, this website offers a great introduction to the fundamentals of non-linear spectroscopy. The second site describes the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratorys success in observing non-linear spectra from chiral molecules (2). With the help of a pictorial poster, users can understand the complex issues of chiral vibrations and spectra. Next, the Sasada lab at Keio University summarizes its research interests in optical communications (3 ). Visitors can find diagrams illustrating absolute frequency difference measurements and the techniques used in the work. The fourth website describes the Regional Laser and Biomedical Technology Laboratories (RLBL) of the University of Pennsylvanias ...

EECS 285B Lasers and Photonics (Credit Units: 4) Covers the fundamentals of lasers and applications, including Gaussian beam propagation, interaction of optical radiation with matters, and concepts of optical gain and feedback. Applications are drawn from diverse fields of optical communication, signal processing, and material diagnosis. (Design units: 0) ...

Define local oscillator laser: In coherent optical communications systems, a laser used at the receiving end to produce a steady wave that is combined...