An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells. As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by oncolysis, they release new infectious virus particles or virions to help destroy the remaining tumour. Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune responses. The potential of viruses as anti-cancer agents was first realised in the early twentieth century, although coordinated research efforts did not begin until the 1960s. A number of viruses including adenovirus, reovirus, measles, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus and vaccinia have now been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. Most current oncolytic viruses are engineered for tumour selectivity, although there are naturally occurring examples such as reovirus and the senecavirus, resulting in clinical trials. The first oncolytic virus approved by a national regulatory agency is genetically not modified ECHO-7 strain ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Engineered measles virus as a novel oncolytic viral therapy system for hepatocellular carcinoma. AU - Blechacz, Boris. AU - Splinter, Patrick L.. AU - Greiner, Suzanne. AU - Myers, Rae. AU - Peng, Kah Whye. AU - Federspiel, Mark J.. AU - Russell, Stephen J.. AU - LaRusso, Nicholas F.. PY - 2006/12/1. Y1 - 2006/12/1. N2 - The oncolytic measles virus Edmonston strain (MV-Edm), a nonpathogenic virus targeting cells expressing abundant CD46, selectively destroys neoplastic tissue. Clinical development of MV-Edm would benefit from noninvasive monitoring strategies to determine the speed and extent of the spread of the virus in treated patients and the location of virus-infected cells. We evaluated recombinant MV-Edm expressing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) for oncolytic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and efficiency in tracking viruses in vivo by noninvasive monitoring. CD46 expression in human HCC and primary hepatocytes was ...

Wait… before we go any farther, lets define two things:. What is an Oncolytic Virus? An Oncolytic Virus is a type of virus that attacks, infects, and kills cancer cells. The cancer cells are killed by a process called Oncolysis, which is the destruction of either neoplastic cells or tumors. As the cancer cells are destroyed, they release new infectious virus particles called Virons, which assist in destroying the rest of the tumor. In essence, it is a virus that kills cancer.. What is Radiotherapy? Radiotherapy is radiation therapy utilizing ionizing radiation. It is used to control or kill malignant cells and has a curative effect if the cancer is localized to one area in the body.. Okay. So researchers have discovered that by combining radiotherapy together with the oncolytic virus RT3D melanoma cells were killed in experiments conducted with mice better than either treatment administered by itself. The inspiration for this experimental treatment came about via the success that has been ...

Press Release issued Feb 7, 2017: The field of oncolytic viruses was quite dormant in the first decade of the 2000s, characterized by slow clinical progress due to hypercautiousness and low, albeit steady, investments. The takeover of BioVex by Amgen in late 2011, worth up to US$ 1 bln, has woken up the field and became a game changer together with the 2015 approval of the first oncolytic virus Imlygic developed by BioVex in regulated markets. In addition, it was increasingly recognized that oncolytic viruses not only were able to directly lyse cancer cells, but they also freed tumor specific neoantigens, indirectly acting as a cancer vaccine.

Recently, Creative Biolabs, a professional contract research organization in the frontier of CAR-T therapy, released a brand new oncolytic adenovirus in order to enhance anti-tumour responses via a dual mechanism of action (MOA).. As a non-enveloped, linear and double-stranded DNA virus, adenovirus consists of 52 distinct serotypes, which enables to be categorized into six subgroups (A to F) in terms of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells and their oncogenic potential in rodents.. Due to the capacity of selectively infecting and replicating in tumor cells, oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) has become a potential therapeutic treatment for cancer in these years. However, the oncolytic antitumor activity is average in eliminating tumors. For the sake of a more efficient performance, our team developed a variety of methods by designing single-vector armed Ads, such as the antibody-armed oncolytic virus, the cytokine-armed oncolytic virus, and so on. said Dr. Monika Müller, Scientific Officer of ...

Vol 12: Combination treatment with oncolytic Vaccinia virus and cyclophosphamide results in synergistic antitumor effects in human lung adenocarcinoma bearing mice.. This article is from Journal of Translational Medicine, volume 12.AbstractBackground: The capacity of the recombinant Va. Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

Stephen Thorne and colleagues describe, in a mouse model, an oncolytic vaccinia virus with interferon-dependent cancer selectivity that allows tumor-specific replication; it also expresses the IFN-β gene and hence has efficacy against tumors.

Creative Biolabs provides Reporter-encoding Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Western Reserve (ΔE3L), p11k-(GFP) for immuno-oncology research.

In this study, we armed the oncolytic adenovirus ICO15K with an EGFR-targeting BiTE (cBiTE). cBiTEs secreted from infected cells retained key features of BiTEs including target cell-dependent T-cell activation and proliferation and redirected lysis of cancer cells (27, 28). The anti-EGFR scFV in the cBiTE was derived from the monoclonal antibody cetuximab, which is used in patients with colorectal and head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (29, 30). One of the major mechanisms of resistance to cetuximab in colorectal cancer is the mutation of downstream signaling genes such as BRAF, KRAS, PIK3CA, and PTEN (31). A cetuximab-derived BiTE overcomes this resistance by successfully redirecting T cells to kill BRAF- and KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer cells (32). Here, we also demonstrate that ICO15K-cBiTE induces a T-cell-mediated killing of KRAS-mutated HCT116 cells in vitro and in vivo.. The potential of BiTE-armed oncolytic viruses has been previously demonstrated using an oncolytic vaccinia virus with ...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been showcased as auspicious candidates for delivering therapeutic cargo, including oncolytic viruses for cancer treatment. Delivery of oncolytic viruses in EVs could provide considerable advantages, hiding the viruses from the immune system and providing alternative entry pathways into cancer cells. Here we describe the formation and viral cargo of EVs secreted by cancer cells infected with an oncolytic adenovirus (IEVs, infected cell-derived EVs) as a function of time after infection. IEVs were secreted already before the lytic release of virions and their structure resembled normally secreted EVs, suggesting that they were not just apoptotic fragments of infected cells. IEVs were able to carry the viral genome and induce infection in other cancer cells. As such, the role of EVs in the life cycle of adenoviruses may be an important part of a successful infection and may also be harnessed for cancer- and gene therapy.. ...

Oncolytic adenoviruses are promising anticancer agents due to their ability to self-amplify at the tumor mass. In order to design a potent and selective oncolytic adenovirus that maintains intact all the viral functions with minimal increase in genome size we inserted palindromic E2F-binding sites into the endogenous promoter. The insertion of these sites controlling E1A-Δ24 results in a low systemic toxicity profile in mice. Importantly the E2F-binding sites also increased the cytotoxicity and the systemic antitumor activity relative to wild-type adenovirus in all cancer models tested. Pevonedistat The low toxicity and the increased potency results in improved antitumor efficacy after systemic injection and increased survival of mice transporting tumors. Furthermore the constrained genome size of this backbone allows an efficient and potent expression of transgenes indicating that this computer virus holds promise for overcoming the limitations of oncolytic adenoviral therapy. Introduction ...

Oncolytic viruses are currently experiencing accelerated development in several laboratories worldwide, with some forty-seven clinical trials currently recruiting. Many oncolytic viruses combine targeted cytotoxicity to cancer cells with a proinflammatory cell lysis. Due to their additional potential to express immunomodulatory transgenes, they are also often known as oncolytic viral vaccines. However, several types of oncolytic viruses are human-specific and the lack of suitable immune-competent animal models complicates biologically relevant evaluation of their vaccine potential. This is a particular challenge for group B adenoviruses, which fail to infect even those immunocompetent animal model systems identified as semi-permissive for type 5 adenovirus. Here, we aim to develop a murine cell line capable of supporting replication of a group B oncolytic adenovirus, enadenotucirev (EnAd), for incorporation into a syngeneic immunocompetent animal model to explore the oncolytic vaccine potential of group

Replication selective oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a rapidly expanding therapeutic platform for cancer treatment. OVs are characterized by genetic alterations that ablate critical viral protein functions essential for viral replication in normal cells, but non-essential in tumor cells, thus targeting viral replication to tumor cells. dl1520 was the first oncolytic virus described, and we have demonstrated that dl1520 is effective against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells and tumor xenografts; its antineoplastic effects are enhanced by paclitaxel, doxorubicin, lovastatin and ionising radiation. We have also shown that the second generation oncolytic adenovirus dl922-947 possesses a greater antitumor effect than dl1520 against ATC cells, and that the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, Bevacizumab, increased the effects of dl922-947 by improving viral distribution within the tumor mass. Furthermore, we have also shown that AZD1152, a selective Aurora B kinase inhibitor, negatively affects the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Markedly enhanced cytolysis by E1B-19kD-deleted oncolytic adenovirus in combination with cisplatin. AU - Yoon, A. Rum. AU - Kim, Joo Hang. AU - Lee, Young Sook. AU - Kim, Hoguen. AU - Yoo, Ji Young. AU - Sohn, Joo Hyuk. AU - Park, Byeong Woo. AU - Yun, Chae Ok. PY - 2006/4/1. Y1 - 2006/4/1. N2 - Oncolytic adenoviruses are currently being developed as novel antitumor therapeutics. To enhance their therapeutic potential, adenoviruses are being administered in combination with standard chemotherapy. Adenoviral vectors used in these clinical trials, however, can be destructive as they encode intact E1B 19-kDa protein, which can block the apoptotic pathway induced by a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. Previously, we have shown that oncolytic adenovirus Ad-ΔE1B19/55, deleted for sequence encoding E1B 19-kDa and E1B 55-kDa proteins, exhibits marked enhancement in cytolytic and apoptotic activity [Kim, J., Cho, J.Y., Kim, J.H., Jung, K.C., and Yun, C.O. (2002). Cancer Gene Ther. 9, ...

Sorrentos oncolytic viral vector asset is a modified version of the common human herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). Seprehvir® has been designed with the ability to specifically destroy tumor cells while also stimulating anti-tumor patient immune responses. As part of its global clinical development program, Seprehvir has been administered to over 100 adult and pediatric patients in a variety of solid tumors including glioblastoma, mesothelioma, melanoma, head and neck cancer, pediatric sarcomas and pediatric neuroblastomas.. We believe that a key advantage of Seprehvir, as compared to other HSV based oncolytic therapies, is that it has been safely administered intravenously, intratumorally and by loco-regional infusion to specifically tailor the therapy to a patients specific cancer.. The Seprehvec® asset is a future generation project which aims to provide additional therapeutic options and can rapidly generate novel oncolytic immunotherapies:. ...

The limited efficacy of current treatments against pancreatic cancer has prompted the search of new alternatives such as virotherapy. Activation of the immune response against cancer cells is emerging as one of the main mechanisms of action of oncolytic viruses (OV). Direct oncolysis releases tumor antigens, and viral replication within the tumor microenvironment is a potent danger signal. Arming OV with immunostimulatory transgenes further enhances their therapeutic effect. However, standard virotherapy protocols do not take full advantage of OV as cancer vaccines because repeated viral administrations may polarize immune responses against strong viral antigens, and the rapid onset of neutralizing antibodies limits the efficacy of redosing. An alternative paradigm based on sequential combination of antigenically distinct OV has been recently proposed. We have developed a protocol consisting of sequential intratumor administrations of new Adenovirus (Ad) and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)-based OV

Oncolytic viruses are a concept Id like to be more excited by than I am.2 Its an idea that seemed really exciting when I first came across it, but the more I thought about it the more dubious I was. But a recent paper helps me feel better about at least two of my worries.. The concept is a straightforward one. Viruses are good at killing cells.3 Why not have them infect cells that we want to die? That would be, for example, cancer cells. So all you need to do is find or make a virus that only grows in cancer cells, and youre cured. Simple! Tomorrow well fix global warming!. Theres the obvious problem with this: How can you find (or make) a cancer-specific virus? In principle the answer is the same as with chemotherapy; you use the ways cancer cells are different from normal as targets. This isnt as hard as you might think. Lots of the things that make cancer cells cancerous are similar to the things viruses like. Viruses often drive infected cells into a cancer-like state that is more ...

The objective of this study was to determine the anticancer effect of rRp450 oncolysis combined with GCV/HSV-TK and CPA/CYP2B1 gene therapies. Several novel findings were brought about by this study. (a) These two gene therapies exhibited evidence of pharmacological synergism in rat and human tumor cells infected with rRp450. (b) The observed decrease in DNA repair in cells treated with GCV and CPA, compared to cells treated with CPA alone, suggests that GCV inhibits enzymes needed to repair the DNA cross-links produced by CPA metabolites. (c) The infection time and MOI required to transform rRp450 from an oncolytic virus into a gene delivery vector were characterized. (d) The combination of rRp450 oncolysis and its two synergistic gene therapies produced regression of established tumors in animals.. The finding of synergism between different prodrug-activating gene therapies can provide an insight into mechanisms of action. In fact, we and others have previously shown that the GCV/HSV-TK and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Etoposide enhances antitumor efficacy of MDR1-driven oncolytic adenovirus through autoupregulation of the MDR1 promoter activity. AU - Su, Bing Hua. AU - Shieh, Gia Shing. AU - Tseng, Yau Lin. AU - Shiau, Ai Li. AU - Wu, Chao Liang. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds), or oncolytic adenoviruses, such as E1B55K-deleted adenovirus, are attractive anticancer agents. However, the therapeutic efficacy of E1B55K-deleted adenovirus for refractory solid tumors has been limited. Environmental stress conditions may induce nuclear accumulation of YB-1, which occurs in multidrug-resistant and adenovirus-infected cancer cells. Overexpression and nuclear localization of YB-1 are associated with poor prognosis and tumor recurrence in various cancers. Nuclear YB-1 transactivates the multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) genes through the Y-box. Here, we developed a novel E1B55K-deleted adenovirus driven by the MDR1 promoter, designed Ad5GS3. We tested the ...

Beckman Coulter Life Sciences examines how oncolytic viruses target cancer cells in immunotherapy and how genetically modified viruses apply.

Rare Cancer News & Clinical Trials » Trial - Brain Tumor » Safety and Efficacy of the ONCOlytic VIRus Armed for Local Chemotherapy, TG6002/5-FC, in Recurrent Glioblastoma ...

May 19, 2010. Helsinki, Finland -- Oncos Therapeutics, a biotech company developing new cancer therapeutics based on the next generation oncolytic viruses, published today initial results from its Adv...

Immunotherapy is at the forefront of modern oncologic care. Various novel therapies have targeted all three layers of tumor biology: tumor, niche, and immune system with a range of promising results. One emerging class in both primary and salvage therapy is oncolytic viruses. This therapy offers a multimodal approach to specifically and effectively target and destroy malignant cells, though a barrier oncoviral therapies have faced is a limited therapeutic response to currently delivery techniques. The ability to deliver therapy tailored to specific cellular targets at the precise locus in which it would have its greatest impact is a profound development in anti-cancer treatment. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have an improved tolerability profile relative to cytotoxic chemotherapy and whole beam radiation, severe immune-related adverse events have emerged as a potential limitation. These include pneumonitis, pancreatitis, and colitis, which are relatively infrequent but can limit therapeutic

Neuroblastoma Cell Lines Contain Pluripotent Tumor Initiating Cells That Are Susceptible to a Targeted Oncolytic Virus. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

According to data from a phase I study, the oncolytic virus Delta-24-RGD can infect, replicate, and kill glioma cells in patients.

NOTE: Our analysts monitoring the situation across the globe explains that the market will generate remunerative prospects for producers post COVID-19 crisis. The report aims to provide an additional illustration of the latest scenario, economic slowdown, and COVID-19 impact on the overall industry.. All top players actively involved in this global Oncolytic Virus industry are as follows: Amgen, SillaJen Biotherapeutics, Transgene SA, Oncolytics Biotech, PsiOxus Therapeutics, Viralytics, Lokon Pharma, Targovax, Oncolys BioPharma, Sorrento Therapeutics, Genelux Corporation, Cold Genesys, Vyriad, TILT Biotherapeutics. DOWNLOAD FREE SAMPLE REPORT:https://www.marketsandresearch.biz/sample-request/90779. The Report Covers The Following Data Points:. The report sheds light on full insight into market snapshots, key drivers and constraints, current and emerging trends, market players R&D activities, and competitive landscape. The next part of the report highlights important elements that will reflect ...

A genetically reprogrammed Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cure metastatic diffusion of human cancer cells in the abdomen of laboratory mice, according to a new study published January 31 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens. The paper reports on the collaborative research from scientists at the at the University of Bologna and specifically describes that the HSV converted into a therapeutic anticancer agent attacks breast and ovarian cancer metastases.. Past decades have witnessed significant progress in the ability to treat numerous cancers by means of surgery, chemo- and radio-therapy, or combinations thereof. However, many treatments prolong life for a short time only, or are associated with a poor quality of life.. Lead investigator Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume and colleagues re-engineered the entry apparatus of a candidate oncolytic herpesvirus. The reprogrammed virus no longer infects the cells usually targeted by the wild-type virus, nor does it cause herpes-related pathologies. ...

Here, we show that a conditionally replicative oncolytic adenovirus based on the A33 promoter was able to inhibit the in vivo growth in nude mice of established colorectal carcinoma and eliminated established hepatic metastases. AV22EL was highly selective because it was completely ineffective on cells that did not express A33.. Most of the oncolytic viruses are developed based on promoters that can be active in more than a single cancer type to allow for a wider use without the therapeutic limitation of using the oncolytic virus in only one cancer type. This is the case for the CEA, COX-2, T-cell factor, and telomerase promoters that have been mentioned in Introduction. An additional CRAd based on a double heterologous promoter Ki67 and COX-2 showed significant oncolytic activity on s.c. established colorectal tumors, although its effectiveness on established hepatic metastases was not assessed (38). More recently, a CRAd expressing E1A driven by the nonspecific Rous sarcoma virus promoter and ...

Oncolytic viruses that are replication competent in tumor but not in normal cells represent a novel approach for treating neoplastic diseases. However, the oncolytic potency of replicating agents is determined directly by their capability of infecting target cells. Most adenoviruses used for gene th …

Vaccines have classically been used for disease prevention. Modern clinical vaccines are continuously being developed for both traditional use as well as for new applications. Typically thought of in terms of infectious disease control, vaccination approaches can alternatively be adapted as a cancer therapy. Vaccines targeting cancer antigens can be used to induce anti-tumour immunity and have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy both pre-clinically and clinically. Various approaches now exist and further establish the tremendous potential and adaptability of anti-cancer vaccination. Classical strategies include ex vivo-loaded immune cells, RNA- or DNA-based vaccines and tumour cell lysates. Recent oncolytic virus development has resulted in a surge of novel viruses engineered to induce powerful tumour-specific immune responses. In addition to their use as cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses have the added benefit of being directly cytolytic to cancer cells and thus promote antigen recognition within a

The finding means that barriers to treating the disease, such as resistance to the drug temozolomide, may be overcome. The study, by Forsyth and colleagues in Canada, Texas and Florida, appeared in a recent issue of Neuro-Oncology.. Although temozolomide improves survival for patients with glioblastoma multiforme, drug resistance is a significant obstacle, said Forsyth, the study lead author. Oncolytic viruses that infect and break down cancer cells offer promising possibilities for overcoming resistance to targeted therapies.. The authors note that oncolytic viruses have the potential to provoke a multipronged attack on a tumor, with the potential to kill cancer cells directly through viral infection and possibly through inducing the immune system to attack the tumor. The multipronged approach might get around some of the classical resistance mechanisms that have plagued both targeted therapies and conventional chemotherapies.. Several oncolytic viruses, both alone or in combination with ...

The technique involves the use of a patient´s own white blood cells called macrophages to deliver an oncolytic viruses to tumours that is tailored specifically to grow in and destroy the cancer cells.. In this approach macrophages are infected to create a `virus factory´ that produces large amounts of the cancer-dissolving viruses inside the cancer itself. The findings are published in the latest edition of the US journal Cancer Research. Up to now, the use of oncolytic viruses in cancer patients has been restricted by the need to inject large amounts of virus to produce the saturation coverage required at small tumour sites outside the prostate. However Dr Munitta Muthana and Professor Claire Lewis from the University of Sheffield´s Department of Infection and Immunity and the Department of Oncology respectively developed ways of infecting the patients´ own macrophages with a prostate cancer-specific oncolytic virus. The virus was developed in Sweden as part of an EU-wide collaboration in ...

Icell Kealex Therapeutics is an oncology biotech startup based at JLABS at the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas. We are developing oncoloytic vaccinia viruses armed with T-cell-engaging antibody fragments that boost the viruss antitumor efficacy. This modification in the virus allows the tumor cells that are not infected with the virus to be target by T-cells. Icell Kealex has a deep pipeline of T cell engager oncolytic vaccinia virus which offer an advantage over other oncolytic viruses. We plan to enter phase 1 trials with our lead product in 2018. We are looking for co-development or licensing partnerships

Supplementary Material for: Preclinical Evaluation of AdVince, an Oncolytic Adenovirus Adapted for Treatment of Liver Metastases from Neuroendocrine Cancer

The industrial-scale manufacturing of viruses or virus-like particles in cell culture is necessary for gene therapy and the treatment of cancer with oncolytic viruses. Complex multistep processes are required in both cases, but the low virus titers in batch cultures and the temperature sensitivity of the virus particles limit the production scale. To meet commercial and regulatory requirements, each process must be scalable and reproducible and must yield high virus titers. These requirements are met by establishing a cell culture process that matches the properties of the virus/host-cell system and by using serum-free cell culture medium. This chapter focuses on two case studies to consider the different aspects of process design, such as the reactor configuration and operational mode: the continuous production of retroviral pseudotype vectors in a retroviral packaging cell line and the production of oncolytic measles virus vectors for cancer therapy.

The ultimate goal of this proposal is to understand the contribution of Vstat120 expressing oncolytic viruses on OV propagation, tumor biology and anti-tumor ef...

Over the past years oncolytic viruses have generated much interest in cancer therapy, mainly due to the fact that once a virus is injected into the patient it can actively search for cancer cells and destroy them. However, the anti-tumour effect of oncolytic viruses is greatly diminished by anti-viral immune responses (both innate and adaptive responses), as well as by physical barriers inside the tumour ...

Oncolytic viruses selectively target and replicate in cancer cells, providing us with a unique tool with which to target and kill tumour cells. These viruses come from a diverse range of viral families including reovirus type 3 Dearing (RT3D), a non-pathogenic human double-stranded RNA oncolytic virus, which has been shown to be an effective therapeutic agent, both as a mono-therapy and in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. This study investigated the interaction between RT3D and radiotherapy in melanoma cell lines with a BRAF mutant, Ras mutant or BRAF/Ras wild type genotype. The data indicates that RT3D combined with radiotherapy significantly increased cytotoxicity relative to either single agent, independent of genotype, both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of enhanced cytotoxicity was dependent on an increase in viral replication, mediated by CUG2 up-regulation and subsequent down-regulation of pPKR and p-eIF2α, leading to the activation of mitochondrial apoptotic ...

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Cotton rats are extremely excitable and have a strong flight-or-fight response. A handling method optimized to reduce the stress of the ...

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Myers, R., Coviello, C., Erbs, P., Rowe, C., Kwan, J., Foloppe, J., Crake, C, Finn, S., Jackson, E. , Balloul, J.-M., Story, C., Coussios, C.-C. and Carlisle, R. Polymeric Cups for Cavitation Mediated Delivery of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus. Molecular Therapy 24(9): 1627-1633 (2016 ...

Immunotherapy is used a lot right now due to its approach of tapping into the power of the bodys own immune system to fight cancer. Many of these treatments are being trialed on their own or are being used with standard treatments like chemotherapy, to improve the survival of patients.. Immunotherapy is a very big and active area right now, especially with checkpoint inhibitors, said Professor Alan Melcher, a Cancer Research UK-funded expert in virus cancer therapies at The Institute of Cancer Research, London.. It is now being tested whether viruses could lend a hand in the effort to destroy cancer. Oncolytic viruses are capable of infiltrating and destroying cancer cells, and one called, T-VEC is a modified version of the herpes virus. It has already been approved for use melanoma.. Viruses are very good at provoking an immune response within the body so researchers want to manipulate this ability for patients with cold tumours. Not everyone that receives immunotherapy reacts in the same ...

Oncolytic viruses are receiving more attention these days as a form of cancer treatment, and have shown promise in clinical trials. These viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumor cells, but also to stimulate a patients immune response. 1

Viruses are widely used as a platform for the production of therapeutics. Vaccines containing live, dead and components of viruses, gene therapy vectors and oncolytic viruses are key examples of clinically-approved therapeutic uses for viruses. Despite this, the use of virus-derived proteins as natural sources for immune modulators remains in the early stages of development. Viruses have evolved complex, highly effective approaches for immune evasion. Originally developed for protection against host immune responses, viral immune-modulating proteins are extraordinarily potent, often functioning at picomolar concentrations. These complex viral intracellular parasites have “performed the R&D”, developing highly effective immune evasive strategies over millions of years. These proteins provide a new and natural source for immune-modulating therapeutics, similar in many ways to penicillin being developed from mold or streptokinase from bacteria. Virus-derived serine proteinase inhibitors

Health, ...Following several years of study investigators have found more eviden...Oncolytic viruses have shown promise as anticancer agents with variat...A new study published in the March 12 2013 issue of Molecular The...Dr. Cripe and a team of investigators studied the effects of vascular ...,Evidence,supports,blocking,immune,response,to,enhance,viral,therapy,against,solid,tumors,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news

A cell carrier arrangement for cultivating adhering cells having at least two blanks connected with one another. The blanks are separated by a gap and are made of flat material, wherein at least one of the blanks is produced from a material which is permeable for a respective treatment medium of cells.

Oncotarget | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.25774 Andrea González-Morales, Aintzane Zabaleta, Elizabeth Guruceaga, Marta M. Alonso, Marc García-Moure, Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen, Enrique Santamaría

In August 14th, Cancer Cell published an article titled with Macrophage Polarization Contributes to Glioblastoma Eradication by Combination Immunovirotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade from the molecular department of Neurosurgery Laboratory and Brain Tumor Research Center. Now let us discuss the treatment effect of interleukin 12 expressed by replication oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) in glioma in oncolytic virus engineering.. 005 GSCs has stem cell attributes. So researchers analyzed the important indicators of PD-L1, finding that in vitro PD-L1 will be induced by IFN- gamma for proliferation, and in vivo will not be affected by G47 Delta -mIL12. However, the induction experiments in vivo lead to the proliferation of tumor infiltrating CD3+ lymphocytes, suggesting that virus mediated changes promoted inflammatory response.. Next, the researchers explored the inhibitory effects of G47 Delta -mIL12 and anti PD-L1 antibody on the immune checkpoint, and found that the combined effect ...

In August 14th, Cancer Cell published an article titled with Macrophage Polarization Contributes to Glioblastoma Eradication by Combination Immunovirotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade from the molecular department of Neurosurgery Laboratory and Brain Tumor Research Center. Now let us discuss the treatment effect of interleukin 12 expressed by replication oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) in glioma in oncolytic virus engineering.. 005 GSCs has stem cell attributes. So researchers analyzed the important indicators of PD-L1, finding that in vitro PD-L1 will be induced by IFN- gamma for proliferation, and in vivo will not be affected by G47 Delta -mIL12. However, the induction experiments in vivo lead to the proliferation of tumor infiltrating CD3+ lymphocytes, suggesting that virus mediated changes promoted inflammatory response.. Next, the researchers explored the inhibitory effects of G47 Delta -mIL12 and anti PD-L1 antibody on the immune checkpoint, and found that the combined effect ...

Mesothelioma is a cancer with a poor prognosis. People who are diagnosed do not normally have many options, but can at least have hope because of different clinical trials. Clinical trials can help find new treatments and medications to better help mesothelioma sufferers. A clinical trial in Oslo, Norway is looking at oncolytic viruses to target mesothelioma. When used alongside standard chemotherapy treatments, there is a larger chance of the tumors responding to treatment.. The trial is looking at oncolytic viruses being used in addition to standard chemotherapy treatments. Twenty patients were in the experimental group while 11 patients were in the control group. The experimental group received the oncolytic virus (ONCOS-102) in addition to chemotherapy while the control group only received chemotherapy. The experiment took four months for the control group and it took five months for the experimental group. The experimental groups patients tolerated the combination of ONCOS-102 and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as a trojan horse. T2 - A cellular vehicle for the delivery of oncolytic viruses. AU - Pan, Ping Ying. AU - Chen, Hui ming. AU - Chen, Shu Hsia. PY - 2013. Y1 - 2013. N2 - We have recently demonstrated that oncolytic vesicular stomatitis viruses can be efficiently and selectively delivered to neoplastic lesions by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Importantly, the loading of viruses onto MDSCs inhibited their immunosuppressive properties and endowed them with immunostimulatory and tumoricidal functions. Our study demonstrates the potential use of MDSCs as a Trojan horse for the tumor-targeted delivery of various anticancer therapeutics.. AB - We have recently demonstrated that oncolytic vesicular stomatitis viruses can be efficiently and selectively delivered to neoplastic lesions by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Importantly, the loading of viruses onto MDSCs inhibited their immunosuppressive properties and endowed them with ...

Oncolytic virotherapy in upper gastrointestinal tract cancers Raquel Yokoda,1 Bolni M Nagalo,1 Mansi Arora,1 Jan B Egan,1 James M Bogenberger,1 Thomas T DeLeon,1 Yumei Zhou,1 Daniel H Ahn,1 Mitesh J Borad1–3 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 2Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 3Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA Abstract: Upper gastrointestinal tract malignancies are among the most challenging cancers with regard to response to treatment and prognosis. Cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, and biliary tree have dismal 5-year survival, and very modest improvements in this rate have been made in recent times. Oncolytic viruses are being developed to address these malignancies, with a focus on high safety profiles and low off-target toxicities. Each viral platform has evolved to enhance oncolytic potency and the clinical response to either

TY - JOUR. T1 - Oncolytic viruses for multiple myeloma therapy. AU - Calton, Christine M.. AU - Kelly, Kevin R.. AU - Anwer, Faiz. AU - Carew, Jennifer S.. AU - Nawrocki, Steffan T.. N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (R01CA190789 to STN and R01CA172443 to JSC) and the University of Arizona Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA023074. Funding Information: This research was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (R01CA190789 to STN and R01CA172443 to JSC) and the University of Arizona Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA023074. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.. PY - 2018/6/14. Y1 - 2018/6/14. N2 - Although recent treatment advances have improved outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the disease frequently becomes refractory to current therapies. MM thus remains incurable for most patients and new therapies are urgently needed. Oncolytic viruses are a ...

Oncolytic viruses have gained much attention in recent years, due, not only to their ability to selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells, but to their potential to stimulate antitumor immune responses directed against the tumor. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a negative-strand RNA virus, is under intense development as an oncolytic virus due to a variety of favorable properties, including its rapid replication kinetics, inherent tumor specificity, and its potential to elicit a broad range of immunomodulatory responses to break immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment. Based on this powerful platform, a multitude of strategies have been applied to further improve the immune-stimulating potential of VSV and synergize these responses with the direct oncolytic effect. These strategies include: 1. modification of endogenous virus genes to stimulate interferon induction; 2. virus-mediated expression of cytokines or immune-stimulatory molecules to enhance anti-tumor immune responses; 3.

Coffin, RS, Liu, B, Han, Z, Assenberg, M, Thomas, S, Hu, J and Simpson, G (2006) OncoVEX: A Family of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viruses Optimised for Therapeutic Use ...

3rd Annual Oncolytic Virotherapy Summit - Miami, FL - December 5-7 - bringing the next generation of immuno-oncolytic virotherapies for use in combinations

Unlike traditional vaccines, in which attenuated or killed virus/bacteria is used to generate an immune response, viral immunotherapy uses genetically engineered viruses to present a specific antigen to the immune system. That antigen could be from any species of virus/bacteria or even human disease antigens, for example cancer antigens. Vaccines are another method of virotherapy that use attenuated or inactivated viruses to develop immunity to disease. An attenuated virus is a weakened virus that incites a natural immune response in the host that is often undetectable. The host also develops potentially life-long immunity due to the attenuated viruss similarity to the actual virus. Inactivated viruses are killed viruses that present a form of the antigen to the host. However, long-term immune response is limited.[15] There are two general approaches to develop these viruses using applied evolutionary techniques: Jennerian and Pastorian. The Jennerian method involves selecting similar viruses ...

Vibalogics is a Contract Manufacturing Organisation (CMO) offering process development, cGMP manufacturing and fill/finish of products based on viruses and live bacteria for companies involved in the development of vaccines, gene and oncolytic viral therapies in the biopharmaceutical industry.. Vibalogics services include:. ...

Learn more about oncolytic virus therapy (OVT), a promising treatment approach that uses a virus to infect and destroy cancer cells, but not normal cells.

Background Oncolytic viruses, including vaccinia virus (VACV), are a promising alternative to classical mono-cancer treatment methods such as surgery, chemo- or radiotherapy. However, combined therapeutic modalities may be more effective than mono-therapies. In this study, we enhanced the effectiveness of oncolytic virotherapy by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)-mediated degradation of proteins of the tumoral extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to increased viral distribution within the tumors. Methods For this study, the oncolytic vaccinia virus GLV-1h255, containing the mmp-9 gene, was constructed and used to treat PC-3 tumor-bearing mice, achieving an intra-tumoral over-expression of MMP-9. The intra-tumoral MMP-9 content was quantified by immunohistochemistry in tumor sections. Therapeutic efficacy of GLV-1h255 was evaluated by monitoring tumor growth kinetics and intra-tumoral virus titers. Microenvironmental changes mediated by the intra-tumoral MMP-9 over-expression were investigated by ...

Multicellular tumor spheroids are used as a model to assess the efficacy of replicating oncolytic adenoviruses. As most assays used to assess cellular viability are unsuitable for oncolytic viruses because of ongoing viral replication, we have used positron emission tomography (PET) to sequentially determine the incorporation of 18F-labeled deoxyglucose ( 18F-DG) as a measure of viability and compared the results to more commonly used assays for measuring the effect of oncolytic therapy. Glioma monolayer cultures and spheroids were infected with wild-type replicating adenovirus and viability was measured by 18F-DG incorporation, WST-1 assay, crystal violet assay, and spheroid volume 2 to 10 days following infection. Results show that volume measurements in adenovirus-infected spheroids are confounded by the cytopathic effect occurring in infected cells. 18F-DG PET provides a useful method to assess small differences in cell number and viability following oncolytic viral therapy in glioma ...

The purpose of this trial was to study the clinical application of intravenous new castle disease virus - HUJ oncolytic virus [OV-001] in the treatment of

One form of biotechnological engineering that has gained a lot of support in recent years is oncolytic virotherapy treatment. Many scientists today believe that oncolytic viruses may contain the answer to ending cancer (Vile et al. 2002, 1). Although this technique has been acknowledged and researched since the 1950s, the lack of adequate resources and technology did not allow it to progress further (Tong et al. 2012, 5)(Vile et al. 2002, 2). However, the rapid growth of todays society and its ingenuity has resulted in the reemergence and success of oncolytic virotherapy (Vile et al. 2002, 3). Oncolytic virotherapy is the process by which certain viruses are introduced into the body. Viruses present an ideal way to attack cancer from the inside. These viruses selectively infect and break down cancer cells while leaving normal cells unharmed (Thompson 2013, 1) (Paddock 2013, 1). This targeted treatment makes it easier to kill tumor cells and lessens the impact of cancer on the body by ...

Oncolytic Virotherapy is a form of immunotherapy that is now being tested on malignant brain tumors in children. Dr. Gregory Friedman is the principal...

It is evident that the blockade of immune checkpoint alone is rarely curative, but has the capacity to synergize with other therapies that selectively activate the immune response. As such, the realization that the immune response raised by oncolytic viral therapies is a critical mechanism mediating their therapeutic activity means that the combination of these two platforms would be logical and appealing (30). However, despite the fact that clinical trials have been proposed combining the oncolytic HSV T-Vec with ipilimumab, little preclinical data have been reported on such combinations (31).. Here, we examine approaches to combine oncolytic vaccinia viruses with different monoclonal antibodies that target cancer-mediated immunosuppression. Significantly improved antitumor responses were demonstrated in several mouse tumor models, providing strong support for the clinical translation of this approach. However, it was initially seen that careful consideration was needed to identify the correct ...

Bladder cancer has not received much attention as a target for clinical trials of oncolytic virotherapy [reviewed in (Potts et al, 2012; Delwar et al, 2016)]. Currently, the most advanced clinical trial is one using CG0070, a conditionally replicating adenovirus. CG0070 has completed a phase I trial (Burke et al, 2012) and is presently being evaluated in patients with advanced NMIBC who have failed BCG and refuse a cystectomy. However, the efficacy of this treatment is yet to be determined. It is interesting to note that in 2001, four patients with MIBC were treated with smallpox vaccine (Dryvax) intravesically before cystectomy. Three out of the four patients remained disease‐free after 4 years, which highlights the potential of VACV as a durable treatment for bladder cancer (Gomella et al, 2001). It is difficult to judge whether one could perform such a study today using the WT Dryvax virus, but these intriguing results suggest that a VACV modified to enhance tumor specificity and reduce ...

Oncolytic viruses exploit the cancer cell phenotype to complete their lytic life cycle, releasing progeny virus to infect nearby cells and repeat the process. We modified the oncolytic group B adenovirus EnAdenotucirev (EnAd) to express a bispecific single-chain antibody, secreted from infected tumour cells into the microenvironment. This bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) binds to EpCAM on target cells and cross-links them to CD3 on T cells, leading to clustering and activation of both CD4 and CD8 T cells. BiTE transcription can be controlled by the virus major late promoter, limiting expression to cancer cells that are permissive for virus replication. This approach can potentiate the cytotoxicity of EnAd, and we demonstrate using primary pleural effusions and peritoneal malignant ascites that infection of cancer cells with the BiTE-expressing EnAd leads to activation of endogenous T cells to kill endogenous tumour cells despite the immunosuppressive environment. In this way, we have armed EnAd to

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease for which treatment options are limited and associated with severe toxicities. Immunotherapeutic approaches like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a potential strategy, but clinical trials have demonstrated limited success in this patient cohort. Clinical studies using ICIs have revealed that patients with preexisting anticancer immunity are the most responsive. Given that oncolytic viruses (OVs) induce antitumor immunity, we investigated their use as an ICI-sensitizing approach. Using a therapeutic model that mimics the course of treatment for women with newly diagnosed TNBC, we demonstrate that early OV treatment coupled with surgical resection provides long-term benefits. OV therapy sensitizes otherwise refractory TNBC to immune checkpoint blockade, preventing relapse in most of the treated animals. We suggest that OV therapy in combination with immune checkpoint blockade warrants testing as a neoadjuvant treatment option in ...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including those targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), are reshaping cancer therapeutic strategies. Evidence suggests, however, that tumor response and patient survival are determined by tumor programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. We hypothesized that preconditioning of the tumor immune microenvironment using targeted, virus-mediated interferon (IFN) stimulation would up-regulate tumor PD-L1 protein expression and increase cytotoxic T cell infiltration, improving the efficacy of subsequent checkpoint blockade. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a promising form of cancer immunotherapy. For brain tumors, almost all studies to date have used direct intralesional injection of OV, because of the largely untested belief that intravenous administration will not deliver virus to this site. We show, in a window-of-opportunity clinical study, that intravenous infusion of oncolytic human Orthoreovirus (referred to herein as reovirus) leads to infection of ...

Advances in Virology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of virology.

In spite of the many therapies developed so far, cancer is still regarded as one of the most common death causes and it therefore presents a real challenge. Much effort has lately been devoted to development of oncolytic virotherapy because of its effectiveness and safety, due to its ability to specifically target tumor cells. This therapy uses oncolytic viruses to selectively infect and to lyse tumor cells. Currently, nine different families of viruses are used in clinical trials: Adenoviridae, Picornaviridae, Herpesviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Parvoviridae, Reoviridae, Poxviridae, Retroviridae i Rhabdoviridae. There are several conditions that have to be satisfied for further improvement of oncolytic virotherapy, and they relate to bypassing the immune system, modifying viruses in order to enhance their specificity for tumor cells and virus arming. Neutralization of viruses by the immune system is most commonly overcome through serotype exchange, chemical modification of virus epitopes, or by ...

In spite of the many therapies developed so far, cancer is still regarded as one of the most common death causes and it therefore presents a real challenge. Much effort has lately been devoted to development of oncolytic virotherapy because of its effectiveness and safety, due to its ability to specifically target tumor cells. This therapy uses oncolytic viruses to selectively infect and to lyse tumor cells. Currently, nine different families of viruses are used in clinical trials: Adenoviridae, Picornaviridae, Herpesviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Parvoviridae, Reoviridae, Poxviridae, Retroviridae i Rhabdoviridae. There are several conditions that have to be satisfied for further improvement of oncolytic virotherapy, and they relate to bypassing the immune system, modifying viruses in order to enhance their specificity for tumor cells and virus arming. Neutralization of viruses by the immune system is most commonly overcome through serotype exchange, chemical modification of virus epitopes, or by ...

For more than a decade, our lab has been interested in the study and development of new viral therapeutics to fight cancer using the nonhuman pathogen Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as a model. We have investigated NDVs oncolytic capacity in different in vivo murine tumor models (melanoma, colon carcinoma, lung carcinoma or lymphoma). These results helped us improve its natural therapeutic potential by generating new genetically engineered recombinant virus. Today, our research on cancer virotherapy is a multidisciplinary program that combines different scientific disciplines including molecular virology, molecular and cell biology, genetics and immunology. With a strong focus on in vivo cancer therapy, our studies help us to understand the interplay between virus, tumor and immune response and design better viral immunotherapeutic strategies to translate into the clinics. Faculty Sara Cuadrado, Ph.D. Graduate Students Veronica Rosselli

CG7870 is a replication-selective oncolytic adenovirus genetically engineered to replicate preferentially in prostate tissue. In a previous phase I/II clinical trial of intraprostatic delivery of CG7870 for locally recurrent prostate cancer this virus was well tolerated. In this phase I study CG7870 …

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug designation to DNX-2401 (DNAtrix), a conditionally-replicative oncolytic adenovirus for malignant glioma.

Triggering of dendritic cell (DC) migration into tumor tissue and subsequent expansion of DCs may be useful to improve cross-presentation of tumor antigens during virotherapy.. Appropriate syngenic mouse models were established for lung carcinoma cells CMT64 and KLN205.Crystal violet staining showed that CMT64 and KLN205 are permissive for replication of the oncolytic telomerase-dependent adenovirus hTert-Ad.. We used adenoviral expression of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1α (MIP 1α) to recruit DCs into hTert-Ad infected tumors and Ad-Flt3L to expand DCs within the tumor nodules during virotherapy.. Compared with virotherapy alone or virotherapy with expression of a single CC chemokine, expression of both MIP1α and Flt3L during virotherapy significantly increases infiltration of DCs and T cells, as shown by histochemistry. Interferon-γ, Pentamer staining and CTL assay showed that the combination of cytokines improves cross-presentation of tumor antigens and induces an antitumoral immune ...

Arming the patients immune system to fight cancer. Targovax is a clinical stage company focused on developing and commercializing novel immuno-oncology therapies to target, primarily, treatment-resistant solid tumors. Immuno-oncology is currently one of the fastest growing therapeutic fields in medicine. The Companys development pipeline is based on two novel proprietary platforms: The first platform, ONCOS, uses oncolytic viruses, an emerging class of biological therapy. ONCOS exclusively uses an adenovirus that has been engineered to be a tumor-targeted immune activator. The platform has the potential to generate therapies with superior efficacy and safety compared to the first approved oncolytic virus therapy, Imlygic , launched by Amgen. We continue to expect key proof of concept data for this platform in 2017 from a clinical study of lead program ONCOS-102 in patients with refractory malignant melanoma. The second platform, TG-Peptides (TGP), solely targets tumors that express mutated ...

Oncolytic viruses represent a novel drug class in which native or modified viruses mediate tumor regression through selective replication within and lysis of tumor cells as well as induction of systemic antitumor immunity capable of eradicating tumor at distant, uninjected sites. Talimogene laherparepvec (TVEC) is a type I herpes simplex virus genetically modified to preferentially replicate in tumor cells, enhance antigen loading of MHC class I molecules and express granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to increase tumor-antigen presentation by dendritic cells. It is presently the only oncolytic virus approved by the FDA with an indication for advanced melanoma based upon improved durable response rate in a randomized, phase III trial. Read More ...

Regulatory News: Transgene (Paris:TNG), a biotechnology company focused on designing and developing viral-based immune-targeted therapies for the trea

GL-ONC1, an oncolytic vaccinia virus, has shown the ability to preferentially locate, colonize and destroy tumor cells in more than 40 different human tumors. A First-in-Man, Phase I clinical study focusing on the safety and tolerability of GL-ONC1 intravenously administered to patients with a variety of advanced solid tumor entities has shown that GL-ONC1 is well-tolerated at therapeutic dose levels, with documented evidence of antitumor activity. Preclinical studies have further shown synergistic effects with the use of chemotherapy (Cisplatin) and viral therapy with GL-ONC, as well as favorable results when cancer cells are irradiated and then treated with GL-ONC1 in animal models. This Phase I study seeks to evaluate the safety, tolerability and early signs of efficacy of GL-ONC1 administered intravenously in combination with standard of care (SOC) radiation therapy (RT) and cisplatin (CDDP)in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer. Patients will be individually assessed ...

Oncolytic virotherapy (drugs based on viruses which trigger cancer cell death and an immune response) have been approved for doctors to prescribe to patients for longer than most realise. Back in 2003 Gendicine was approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China (SFDA) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) [1]. It…

Virotherapy represents the experimental use of oncolytic viruses to treat cancer. This type of treatment provides a plethora of potential advantages in comparison to conventional cancer therapies, such as selectiveness for tumor cells, initiation of a potent antitumor response and cytotoxicity for surviving cancer and stromal cells.

Mayo Clinic researchers have discovered that a molecular communication pathway - thought to be defective in cancer - is a key player in determining the effectiveness of measles virus oncolytic cancer treatment in ovarian and aggressive brain cancers. This discovery enabled researchers to develop an algorithm to predict treatment effectiveness in individual patients. This discovery and algorithm will allow us to personalize cancer treatment by matching the most appropriate patients with oncolytic virus therapies, says Evanthia Galanis, M.D., senior author of the study. Well also know which ones can be helped by combining cancer virotherapy with other immune approaches.. This activation channel, known as the interferon response pathway, had been considered defective in cancer cells. Not so, according to the research team. They performed tests for gene variants and signatures that would identify pathways that resisted the effectiveness of the virus-based treatments that Mayo Clinic has long ...

Replicative oncolytic vaccinia virus derived from the Copenhagen strain, genetically modified by inactivation of its thymidine kinase (TK) and ribonucleotide reductase (RR) genes and by addition of genes encoding for the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) cytokine and for a monoclonal antibody targeting the Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Antigen 4 (CTLA-4 ...

Replicative oncolytic vaccinia virus derived from the Copenhagen strain, genetically modified by inactivation of its thymidine kinase (TK) and ribonucleotide reductase (RR) genes and by addition of genes encoding for the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) cytokine and for a monoclonal antibody targeting the Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Antigen 4 (CTLA-4 ...