Fibrosis is tissue that has fiber-like characteristics which develop in place of the normal smooth walls of the heart. Fibrotic tissue is scarred, immobile, basically dead tissue with reduced or no blood flow and no transport function. It results in a loss of atrial muscle mass. Over time it makes the heart stiff, less flexible and weak, overworks the heart, reduces pumping efficiency and leads to other heart problems. Fibrosis, up to now, was considered permanent and irreversible.. Dr. Jalife described Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a protein that produces (mediates) tissue fibrosis. (Its also involved in inflammation, immune response, cancer, heart disease and stroke.) For you technical types, Gal-3 pentamers bind to poly N-acetyl lactosamine (LNac) residues on TGF receptors of myofibroblasts causing cell surface retention and promoting signaling through Smad and AKT pathways and leading to fibrosis. (For us non-technical types, all we need to know is that Gal-3 promotes fibrosis.). When sheep are ...

Table of contents 1. Report Introduction. 2. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein 3. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Current Treatment Patterns. 4. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein - DelveInsights Analytical Perspective. 5. Therapeutic Assessment. 6. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Late Stage Products (Phase-III). 7. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Mid Stage Products (Phase-II). 8. Early Stage Products (Phase-I). 9. Pre-clinical Products and Discovery Stage Products. 10. Inactive Products. 11. Dormant Products. 12. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Discontinued Products. 13. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Product Profiles. 14. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Key Companies. 15. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Key Products. 16. Dormant and Discontinued Products. 17. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Unmet Needs. 18. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Future Perspectives. 19. Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Analyst Review 20. Appendix. 21. Report Methodology. Request Sample Pages @ Myc Proto Oncogene Protein Clinical Trials. Media Contact ...

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent mitogen for mesenchymal cells, elicits its effects by binding to cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors, denoted α- and β-receptors. This thesis describes the mechanism of interaction between stimulated PDGF receptors and various intracellular molecules.. PDGF-B is homologous to the transforming protein v-sis encoded by the simian sarcoma virus (SSV). Transformation of cells by the v-sis oncogene occurs through an autocrine mechanism, whereby the v-Sis protein produced by a cell activates the cells own PDGF receptors. We investigated the subcellular location of the autocrine signal and found that in c-Sis/B-chain transformed cells, autophosphorylated intracellular receptors initiated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, and tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) and Ras GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP). These signals were, however, not sufficient for transformation of the cells.Receptor-association with Grb2 and SHP-2, ...

The 5 nucleotide sequences of the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus (v-sis) and its human cellular homolog (c-sis) were compared. A short homology was found between helper virus and cellular DNA sequences at the junction of v-sis and c-sis, which may have had a role in the original recombination event leading to the generation of simian sarcoma virus. ...

How environmental factors combine with genetic risk at the molecular level to promote complex trait diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) is largely unknown. In mice, N-glycan branching by the Golgi enzymes Mgat1 and/or Mgat5 prevents T cell hyperactivity, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) endocytosis, spontaneous inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration, the latter pathologies characteristic of MS. Here we show that MS risk modulators converge to alter N-glycosylation and/or CTLA-4 surface retention conditional on metabolism and vitamin D(3), including genetic variants in interleukin-7 receptor-α (IL7RA*C), interleukin-2 receptor-α (IL2RA*T), MGAT1 (IV(A)V(T-T)) and CTLA-4 (Thr17Ala). Downregulation of Mgat1 by IL7RA*C and IL2RA*T is opposed by MGAT1 (IV(A)V(T-T)) and vitamin D(3), optimizing branching and mitigating MS risk when combined with enhanced CTLA-4 N-glycosylation by CTLA-4 Thr17. Our data suggest a molecular mechanism in MS whereby multiple environmental and ...

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [ (PUBMED:2546599) (PUBMED:1425569) (PUBMED:7640655) ] is a potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin, including smooth muscle cells and glial cells. In both mouse and human, the PDGF signalling network consists of four ligands, PDGFA-D, and two receptors, PDGFRalpha and PDGFRbeta. All PDGFs function as secreted, disulphide-linked homodimers, but only PDGFA and B can form functional heterodimers. PDGFRs also function as homo- and heterodimers. All known PDGFs have characteristic PDGF domains, which include eight conserved cysteines that are involved in inter- and intramolecular bonds. Alternate splicing of the A chain transcript can give rise to two different forms that differ only in their C-terminal extremity. The transforming protein of Woolly monkey sarcoma virus (WMSV) (Simian sarcoma virus), encoded by the v-sis oncogene, is derived from the B chain of PDGF. PDGFs are mitogenic during early developmental stages, driving the proliferation of ...

CRL-4008 was derived from SV7tert (ATCC CRL-2461), a non-tumorigenic angiomyolipoma cell line immortalized with the SV40 large T antigen and human telomerase, by transduction with a retrovirus encoding PDGF-BB.  The transduced cells were implanted into nude mice and formed tumors from which SV7tert PDGF tumor-1 (ATCC CRL-4008) was derived.The tumor-derived cells secrete over 18-fold more PDGF than pre-implantation cells, and demonstrate both autocrine transformation and epigenetic changes.

This graph shows the total number of publications written about Oncogene Protein p55(v-myc) by people in this website by year, and whether Oncogene Protein p55(v-myc) was a major or minor topic of these publications ...

In nearly half of cancers, the anticancer activity of p53 protein is often impaired by the overexpressed oncoprotein Mdm2 and its homologue, MdmX, demanding efficient therapeutics to disrupt the aberrant p53-MdmX/Mdm2 interactions to restore the p53 activity. While many potent Mdm2-specific inhibitors have already undergone clinical investigations, searching for MdmX-specific inhibitors has become ...

In nearly half of cancers, the anticancer activity of p53 protein is often impaired by the overexpressed oncoprotein Mdm2 and its homologue, MdmX, demanding efficient therapeutics to disrupt the aberrant p53-MdmX/Mdm2 interactions to restore the p53 activity. While many potent Mdm2-specific inhibitors have already undergone clinical investigations, searching for MdmX-specific inhibitors has become ...

The human geography of Vietnams upland area has been transformed significantly during the last 40 years due to the increasing control from the central government. We argue that State territorialisation, understood as a strategy of State-making and assertion of the States authority, has the tendency to marginalise, socially and politically, local ethnic minority peoples by excluding them from indigenous social and economic geography and the use of natural resources. At the receiving end of these official policies, the local ethnic minority people do not passively accept their marginalisation but are able to initiate the use of traditional cross-border cultural resources to improve their condition. By analysing the tolerance from local official towards illicit cross-border activities daily carried out by local people, the case study provides some insights on the dynamics of power struggle between the State and local people. We concluded that local ethnic minority peoples actively re-negotiate with more

Sjögrens syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease in which exocrine tissues are affected by cellular and humoral immunity. As a result, the salivary and lacrimal glands of patients with SS are damaged, leading to xerostomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes). Because experimental approaches to investigate SS pathogenesis in human patients are limited, development of a mouse model is indispensable for understanding the disease. In this study, we show that special AT-rich sequence binding protein-1 conditional knockout (SATB1cKO) mice, in which the SATB1 gene is specifically deleted from hematopoietic cells, develop SS by 4 wk of age, soon after weaning ...

FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] The product of this gene is a Golgi enzyme catalyzing an essential step in the conversion of oligomannose to complex N-glycans. The enzyme has the typical glycosyltransferase domains: a short N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a hydrophobic non-cleavable signal-anchor domain, and a C-terminal catalytic domain. Mutations in this gene may lead to carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome, type II. The coding region of this gene is intronless. Transcript variants with a spliced 5' UTR may exist, but their biological validity has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...

Oncogene Protein v-crk: A signal transducing adaptor protein that is encoded by the crk ONCOGENE from TYPE C AVIAN RETROVIRUSES. It contains SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS and is closely related to its cellular homolog, PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN C-CRK.

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Oncogene Proteins v-mos: Transforming proteins coded by mos oncogenes. The v-mos proteins were originally isolated from the Moloney murine sarcoma virus (Mo-MSV).

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A genomic sequence and cloned complementary DNA has been identified for a novel receptor-like gene of the PDGF receptor/CSF1 receptor subfamily (platelet-derived growth factor receptor/colony-stimulating factor type 1 receptor). The gene recognized a 6.4-kilobase transcript that was coexpressed in normal human tissues with the 5.3-kilobase PDGF receptor messenger RNA. Introduction of complementary DNA of the novel gene into COS-1 cells led to expression of proteins that were specifically detected with antiserum directed against a predicted peptide. When the new gene was transfected into COS-1 cells, a characteristic pattern of binding of the PDGF isoforms was observed, which was different from the pattern observed with the known PDGF receptor. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor in response to the PDGF isoforms was also different from the known receptor. The new PDGF receptor gene was localized to chromosome 4q11-4q12. The existence of genes encoding two PDGF receptors that interact in a ...

Grosso F, Jones RL, Demetri GD, Judson IR, Blay JY, Le Cesne A, Sanfilippo R, Casieri P, Collini P, Dileo P, Spreafico C, Stacchiotti S, Tamborini E, Tercero JC, Jimeno J, DIncalci M, Gronchi A, Fletcher JA, Pilotti S, Casali PG. Efficacy of trabectedin (ecteinascidin-743) in advanced pretreated myxoid liposarcomas: a retrospective study. Lancet Oncol. 2007 Jul; 8(7):595-602 ...