Microanalysis of subcellular organelle marker enzymes was applied to cryopreserved lymphocytes (obtained and processed in the field) from East African blacks with moderate to severe malnutrition and subject to locally endemic parasitic and infectious diseases. An initial study demonstrated that activities of these enzymes, with the partial exception of catalase, were stable to cryopreservation. Cryopreserved and thawed lymphocyte specimens (1 to 3 X 10(6) viable cells) from 26 Africans and 20 Caucasian controls were studied. There was a highly significant decrease in 5nucleotidase activity in these African subjects. Activity of another plasma membrane enzyme, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and of marker enzymes for other intracellular organelles, was not significantly different between the two groups, indicating that the nucleotidase alteration is highly specific. 5Nucleotidase activity in a group of 17 East African blacks of high socio-economic status lay between the values obtained in the other ...

Escherichia coli 5′-nucleotidase activity is stimulated 30- to 50-fold in vitro by the addition of Co2+. Seven residues from conserved sequence motifs implicated in the catalytic and metal-ion-binding sites of E. coli 5′-nucleotidase (Asp41, His43, Asp84, His117, Glu118, His217 and His252) were selected for modification using site-directed mutagenesis of the cloned ushA gene. On the basis of comparative studies between the resultant mutant proteins and the wild-type enzyme, a model is proposed for E. coli 5′-nucleotidase in which a Co2+ ion may displace the Zn2+ ion at only one of two metal-ion-binding sites; the other metal-ion-binding site retains the Zn2+ ion already present. The studies reported herein suggest that displacement occurs at the metal-ion-binding site consisting of residues Asp84, Asn116, His217 and His252, leading to the observed increase in 5′-nucleotidase activity.. ...

Laboratory of Biochemical Bases of Reception, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. N. Klimov.) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 92, No. 9, pp. 305-307, September, 1981. ...

NAD is necessary for cellular fat burning capacity and offers a essential function in various signaling paths in individual cells. of NAD precursors. NAR and NR are generated from the mononucleotides NMN and NAMN, respectively, through their dephosphorylation by the cytosolic 5-nucleotidases (5-NTs) Isn1 and Sdt1 (18) or the phosphatase Pho8 (19). Furthermore, NR is normally released from fungus cells into the development moderate (18,C21). In this scholarly study, we examined whether NR or NAR can end up being produced in individual cells and thus represent an essential component of NAD fat burning capacity. Our Milciclib results suggest that previously discovered individual cytoplasmic 5-nucleotidases are able of dephosphorylating NAMN and (to a less level) NMN, producing a pool of ribosides in individual cellular material thereby. Hence, NAR can end up being produced from NA via NAMN development (by NAPRT). NAMN, in switch, can be after that dephosphorylated to NAR by 5-NTs (Fig. 1for 30 ...

NAD is necessary for cellular fat burning capacity and offers a essential function in various signaling paths in individual cells. of NAD precursors. NAR and NR are generated from the mononucleotides NMN and NAMN, respectively, through their dephosphorylation by the cytosolic 5-nucleotidases (5-NTs) Isn1 and Sdt1 (18) or the phosphatase Pho8 (19). Furthermore, NR is normally released from fungus cells into the development moderate (18,C21). In this scholarly study, we examined whether NR or NAR can end up being produced in individual cells and thus represent an essential component of NAD fat burning capacity. Our Milciclib results suggest that previously discovered individual cytoplasmic 5-nucleotidases are able of dephosphorylating NAMN and (to a less level) NMN, producing a pool of ribosides in individual cellular material thereby. Hence, NAR can end up being produced from NA via NAMN development (by NAPRT). NAMN, in switch, can be after that dephosphorylated to NAR by 5-NTs (Fig. 1for 30 ...

A cDNA coding for bovine cytosolic IMP/GMP-specific 5ʹ-nucleotidase endowed with phosphotransferase activity was cloned from calf thymus RNA, by 5ʹ and 3ʹ rapid amplification of cDNA ends protocols (5ʹ and 3ʹ RACE). Two products were isolated: a 5ʹ RACE 1.6 kb fragment and a 3ʹ RACE 2.0 kb fragment, with an overlapping region of 505 bp, leading to a total length of approx. 2951 bp. The similarity in the coding region to that of the human 5ʹ-nucleotidase cDNA sequence [Oka, Matsumoto, Hosokawa and Inoue (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205, 917-922], indirectly identified as a 5ʹ-nucleotidase, was 94% and the deduced amino acid sequences were 99.5% identical. The bovine cDNA sequence included the sequences codifying for six peptides obtained from 5ʹ-nucleotidase/phosphotransferase purified from calf thymus. Northern blots of human mRNA species from different tissues showed a 3.6 kb mRNA expressed at equal levels in most tissues. The cDNA was cloned into a pET-28c expression vector ...

Biotin anti-human CD73 (Ecto-5'-nucleotidase) Antibody - CD73 is a 70 kD glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked 5'-nucleotidase, which is also known as ecto-5'-nucleotidase.

To explore the clinical significance of genetic detection and changes of red cell enzyme activities of pyrimidine 5 nucleotidase (P5N), pyruvate kinase (PK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in patients with α-thalassaemia (α-thal). Three α-thal patients were further processed to gene detection by PCR-trans-dot blot and gap-PCR, and red cell enzymes ...

Cytosolic 5-prime nucleotidases, such as NT5C1B, catalyze production of adenosine, which regulates diverse physiologic processes (Sala-Newby and Newby, 2001 [PubMed 11690631]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008 ...

In eukaryotic cells, phosphatidylinositol 4-hydroxy kinase and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-hydroxy kinase are responsible for the formation of the two second messenger precursors phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (Ptdlns(4)P) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (Ptdlns(4,5)P2). In plant cells, these kinases have been considered to be exclusively membrane associated, with the majority of activity residing in the inner leaflet of the plasmalemma. By sequentially extracting carrot protoplasts with the detergent Nonidet P-40 then more rigorously with Triton X-100, we were able to remove the activity of three separate plasma membrane marker enzymes and to demonstrate that a significant proportion of cellular Ptdlns 4-kinase is associated with the cytoskeleton. When only endogenous substrates were present, Nonidet P-40-permeabilized protoplasts and Nonidet P-40-extracted cytoskeletons displayed a pattern of lipid phosphorylation similar to that obtained with isolated plant membranes or ...

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NT5C2 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 581 amino acids (1-561 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 67.1kDa.NT5C2 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. ...

MetabolismCentral intermediary metabolismSulfur metabolism3(2),5-bisphosphate nucleotidase (TIGR01331; EC 3.1.3.7; HMM-score: 57.8) ...

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Pyrimidine-5-Nucleotidase Deficiency (Pyrimidine 5-Nucleotidase Deficiency): Read more about Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Causes and Prognosis.

5-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) is an enzyme which catalyzes the phosphorylytic cleavage of 5nucleotides. Although originally found in snake venom, the activity of 5nucleotidase has been described for bacteria and plant cells, and is widely distributed in vertebrate tissue. In mammalian cells the enzyme is predominantly located in the plasma membrane and its primary role is in the conversion of extracellular nucleotides (e.g. 5-AMP), which are generally impermeable, to the corresponding nucleoside (e.g. adenosine) which can readily enter most cells. Consequently, the enzyme plays a key role in the metabolism of nucleotides. The enzyme has a wide substrate specificity for nucleotides and has been shown to hydrolyze 5nucleotides rapidly, ribose-5-phosphate slowly, and other phosphate esters extremely slowly (if at all). For example, the 5nucleotidase enzyme catalyses the following chemical reactions a 5-nucleotide + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } a nucleoside + phosphate ribose ...

CD73, originally defined as a lymphocyte differentiation antigen, is thought to function as a cosignaling molecule on T lymphocytes and an adhesion molecule that is required for lymphocyte binding to endothelium. We show here that CD73 is widely expressed on many tumor cell lines and is upregulated in cancerous tissues. Because the ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity of CD73 catalyzes AMP breakdown to immunosuppressive adenosine, we hypothesized that CD73-generated adenosine prevents tumor destruction by inhibiting antitumor immunity. We confirmed this hypothesis by showing that combining tumor CD73 knockdown and tumor-specific T-cell transfer cured all tumor-bearing mice. In striking contrast, there was no therapeutic benefit of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy in mice bearing tumors without CD73 knockdown. Moreover, blockade of the A2A adenosine receptor with a selective antagonist also augmented the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy. These findings identify a potential mechanism for CD73-mediated ...

5-Nucleotidases (5NTs) are catabolic enzymes of the nucleotide metabolism. They catalyze dephosphorylation of deoxyribo- and ribonucleoside monophosphates and constitute an important control point in the regulation of intracellular nucleotide pools for the maintenance of correct DNA and RNA synthesis.By removing the alfa-phosphate group from a nucleotide, the 5NTs release the nucleoside to pass the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion. Depending on the cellular need for nucleotides, the nucleosides can either exit the cell for reuse elsewhere or be imported and subsequently phosphorylated by nucleoside and nucleotide kinases.The knowledge of how nucleotides are metabolized has been used for rational design of nucleoside analogues that are used in treatment of cancer and viral diseases. These drugs are phosphorylated within the cell to become active. Their dephosphorylation by 5NTs might be one of the mechanisms behind the resistance experienced by patients towards such drugs.This thesis ...

Hi Peter Which cell type do you wish to stain? Neurons or glia? Julia >I am looking for an antibody against a plasma membrane >marker protein for > >IHC (brainstem slices). _______________________________________________ Histonet mailing list [email protected] http://lists.utsouthwestern.edu/mailman/listinfo/histonet ...

NT5C2 is a cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase that has been implicated in the inactivation of ara-C by dephosphorylating ara-CMP to ara-C (Amici et al., 1997; Amici and Magni, 2002). Although reports suggest that expression of NT5C2 is a significant prognostic marker of worse clinical outcome in patients with AML and myelodysplastic syndrome, its role in ara-C response is still unclear (Mazzon et al., 2003; Galmarini, 2007). It has been hypothesized that because NT5C2 is involved in substrate dNTP cycles, survival of highly proliferating NT5C2-expressing cells may favor disease recurrence, thus shortening disease-free and overall survival (Galmarini et al., 2005; Galmarini, 2007).. It is still not clear whether the role of NT5C2 in response is due to its involvement in ara-CMP dephosphorylation or modification of cellular dNTP pools in leukemic cells or perhaps with the leukemic phenotype. Nonetheless, there is evidence in the literature for the association of high NT5C2 expression with worse clinical ...

Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5-GMP. Specifically regulates nitric-oxide-generated cGMP.

Pyrimidine 5-Nucleotidase (P5N) Deficiency P5N is a key enzyme in the catabolism of nucleotides arising from the degradation of nucleic acids that takes place in the final stages of red cell maturation. How exactly its deficiency causes HA is not well understood, but a highly distinctive feature of this condition is a morphologic abnormality of the red cells known as basophilic stippling. The condition is rare, but it probably ranks third in frequency among red cell enzyme defects (after G6PD deficiency and PK deficiency). ...

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tree (Mirazid), as a new antishistosomal drug. Marker enzymes for different cell organelles were measured; succinate dehydrogenase (SDH); lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzymes; glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase); acid phosphatase (AP) and 5- nucleotidase. Liver function enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were also estimated. Parasitological studies through ova count and worm burden will also be taken into consideration. The results showed a marked reduction in SDH, LDH, AST, and ALT enzyme activities and a significant increase in G-6-Pase, AP, 5- nucleotidase, and ALP after S. mansoni infection. A noticeable alteration in LDH subunits were also noticed. Treatment with C. reticulata or Mirazid improved all the previous enzyme activities with a noticeable reduction in ova count and worm burden ...

InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex assemblies. As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.

cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3,5-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A4-[2-(5,7-dimethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-3,7,8,10-tetrazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^{2,7}]trideca-1,3,5,8,10,12-hexaen-6-ol

Definition of Phosphomonoesterase with photos and pictures, translations, sample usage, and additional links for more information.

Ecto-5-prime-nucleotidase (5-prime-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase; EC 3.1.3.5) catalyzes the conversion at neutral pH of purine 5-prime mononucleotides to nucleosides, the preferred substrate being AMP. The enzyme consists of a dimer of 2 identical 70-kD subunits bound by a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol linkage to the external face of the plasma membrane. The enzyme is used as a marker of lymphocyte differentiation. Consequently, a deficiency of NT5 occurs in a variety of immunodeficiency diseases (e.g., see MIM 102700, MIM 300300). Other forms of 5-prime nucleotidase exist in the cytoplasm and lysosomes and can be distinguished from ecto-NT5 by their substrate affinities, requirement for divalent magnesium ion, activation by ATP, and inhibition by inorganic phosphate.[2] Rare allelic variants are associated with a syndrome of adult-onset calcification of joints and arteries (CALJA) affecting the iliac, femoral, and tibial arteries reducing circulation in the legs and the joints of the hands ...

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Well,personally, i can say that im lack of preparation before the exam..thats why i cant answer very well in viva..sedeh?? well i admit that i was kinda depressed (a bit)..but then, something reminds me about the ultimate intention to study~~which is.well,.u know what ...

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