A protocol for investigating the association of vaccination and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2018 Jan 01;10:229-237 Authors: Wang H Abstract Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (Anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an acute autoimmune neurological disorder that can be triggered by virus, H1N1/tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis and polio vaccines or by presence of a...

KEY POINTS Autoimmune limbic encephalitis is an inflammatory disease involving the medial temporal lobes; it classically presents with the subacute onset of short-term memory deficits, seizures or psychiatric symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging can show medial temporal lobe abnormalities typical of autoimmune limbic encephalitis in suspected cases, but clinicians should be aware of other diseases that may have a similar imaging appearance. Analysis of both electroencephalogram (EEG) and cerebrospinal fluid can provide supportive evidence of neuro-inflammation in patients with suspected autoimmune limbic encephalitis, but a normal EEG or cerebrospinal fluid profile does not exclude the diagnosis. Testing for antibodies to onconeural, cell-surface and synaptic proteins represents a major advancement in the diagnosis of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, although false-positives are possible. Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) is an inflammatory disease involving the medial temporal lobes; it ...

A monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody specific to a human IgG 1 type monoclonal antibody possessing specificity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; a method for the production of the aforementioned monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody by the steps of immunizing an animal with a human IgG 1 type monoclonal antibody specific to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, collecting antibody-producing cells from the animal, fusing the collected cells with neoplastic cells, selecting from the product of fusion a hybridoma capable of producing a monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody specific to the human IgG 1 type monoclonal antibody possessing specificity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, propagating the selected hybridoma thereby giving rise to said monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody, and collecting the produced monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody; and use of the monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody as a reagent and as an adsorbent.

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c met related tyrosine kinase antibody; CD136 antibody; CD136 antigen antibody; CDw136 antibody; Macrophage stimulating 1 receptor (c met related tyrosine kinase) antibody; Macrophage stimulating 1 receptor antibody; Macrophage stimulating protein receptor alpha chain antibody; MACROPHAGE STIMULATING PROTEIN RECEPTOR antibody; Macrophage stimulating protein receptor beta chain antibody; Macrophage-Stimulating 1 Receptor (MST1R) antibody; Macrophage-stimulating protein receptor beta chain antibody; MSP receptor antibody; Mst1r antibody; MST1R variant RON30 antibody; MST1R variant RON62 antibody; NPCA3 antibody; p185 RON antibody; p185-Ron antibody; Protein-tyrosine kinase 8 antibody; PTK 8 antibody; ptk8 antibody; PTK8 protein tyrosine kinase 8 antibody; Recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) antibody; RON antibody; RON protein tyrosine kinase antibody; RON variant E2E3 antibody; RON_HUMAN antibody; Soluble RON variant 1 antibody; Soluble RON variant 2 antibody; Soluble RON variant 3 antibody; Soluble ...

In hybridoma screening, quantitative kinetic evaluation is difficult since the concentration of each antibody in the hybridoma supernatant is unknown. From modeling calculations, we hypothesized that the ratio of two different antigen-antibody concentrations might allow discrimination of high-affinity monoclonal antibodies irrespective of the antibody concentration. Using anti-alpha-fetoprotein monoclonal antibodies of known affinity, we set the signal ratio of a time-resolved assay at |0.1, in which the antigen concentrations were 10 and 100 ng/mL. From anti-alpha-fetoprotein hybridoma screening with this assay, it was possible to effectively select high-affinity monoclonal antibodies with KD values below 1x10(-8) M. High-sensitivity sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which detects domain III of alpha-fetoprotein has been established using selected high-affinity monoclonal antibodies. This screening method is useful for selection of high-affinity monoclonal antibodies of potential diagnostic

Panitumumab is the first human combinatorial antibody for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Dermatologic toxicity of all grades occurs in more than 90% of patients. However, there are few reports of purpura induced by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody. Renal failure is also uncommon as an adverse event of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody. A 67-year-old Japanese man with advanced colon cancer received monotherapy with panitumumab. General malaise, bilateral edema of his legs, and bilateral purpura of his forearms developed 2 days after the second cycle of panitumumab. A skin biopsy was performed to evaluate the purpuric lesions on his left leg and leukocytoclastic vasculitis was diagnosed. Blood tests showed grade III acute renal failure with a blood urea nitrogen level of 33.8 mg/dL and a creatinine level of 3.10 mg/dL. This is the first reported case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis followed by purpura and acute renal failure associated with panitumumab.

A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody CC49 labeled with iodine I 131. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49 delivers beta and gamma radiation-emitting I 131 radionuclide specifically to tumor cells that express tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72, allowing localization of TAG-72-expressing tumor cells with radioimaging devices in diagnostic applications or resulting in specific TAG-72-expressing tumor cell radiocytotoxicity in therapeutic applications. Monoclonal antibody CC49 binds to TAG-72, a pancarcinoma antigen, with high affinity.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Monoclonal antibodies can affect complement deposition on the capsule of the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans by both classical pathway activation and steric hindrance. AU - Zaragoza, Oscar. AU - Casadevall, Arturo. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2006/12. Y1 - 2006/12. N2 - The capsule of the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans presents the immune system with a formidable problem for phagocytosis. Capsule-mediated activation of the alternative complement (C) pathway results in component 3 (particularly, C3) binding to the capsule near the cell wall surface. Hence, for cells with large capsule, C3 cannot interact with the complement receptor (CR) and is not opsonic. However, C activation in either immune serum or in the presence of monoclonal antibody (mAb) to capsular polysaccharide localizes C3 to the capsular edge. When C.neoformans cells were coated with both C and antibody (Ab) opsonins, Ab bound first and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine administration in older adults. AU - Song, Joon-Young. AU - Cheong, Hee-Jin. AU - Tsai, T. F.. AU - Chang, Hyun ah. AU - Choi, Min Joo. AU - Jeon, Ji Ho. AU - Kang, Seong Hee. AU - Jeong, Eun Ju. AU - Noh, Ji Yun. AU - Kim, Woo Joo. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Background: Concomitant administration of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines facilitates their uptake by older adults; however, data on immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) have not been reported. Methods: Subjects aged ≥65 years (. N=. 224) were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive MF59-aIIV3 alone, MF59-aIIV3. +. PPSV23 in contralateral arms, MF59-aIIV3. +. PPSV23 in the same arm or PPSV23 alone (Clinical Trial Number - NCT02225327). Hemagglutination ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Chlamydia pneumoniae serology. T2 - Interlaboratory variation in microimmunofluorescence assay results. AU - Peeling, Rosanna W.. AU - Wang, San Pin. AU - Grayston, J. Thomas. AU - Blasi, Francesco. AU - Boman, Jens. AU - Clad, Andreas. AU - Freidank, Heike. AU - Gaydos, Charlotte A.. AU - Gnarpe, Judy. AU - Hagiwara, Toshikatsu. AU - Jones, Robert B.. AU - Orfila, Jeanne. AU - Persson, Kenneth. AU - Puolakkainen, Mirja. AU - Saikku, Pekka. AU - Schachter, Julius. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - The lack of standardization in chlamydia serology has made interpretation of published data difficult. This study was initiated to determine the extent of interlaboratory variation of microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test results for the serodiagnosis of Chlamydia pneumoniae infections. Identical panels of 22 sera were sent to 14 laboratories in eight countries for the determination of IgG and IgM antibodies by MIF. Although there was extensive variation in the numeric titer values, the overall ...

Encephalitis lethargica (EL) describes an encephalitis with psychiatric, sleep, and extrapyramidal movement disorders. Dyskinetic and parkinsonian forms have been described. EL shares clinical features with the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR-Ab) encephalitis. We studied 20 sera from pediatric patients with contemporary EL. Ten sera (from 2 males and 8 females, aged 1.3-13 years) and 6/6 cerebrospinal fluid samples were positive for NMDAR-Ab. NMDAR-Ab-positive patients had dyskinesias, agitation, seizures, and insomnia, whereas parkinsonism and somnolence dominated in the NMDAR-Ab-negative children. We were unable to identify any tumors. The dyskinetic form of EL is an NMDAR-Ab encephalitis and can affect very young children.

Based on years of experience in phage display technology, Creative Biolabs now is able to provide services for the construction and screening of immune antibody library.. With years of research and development in the past decades, phage display has been a powerful technology to display millions or even billions of different peptides or proteins. It is now a common choice for the studies of protein-protein, protein-peptide and protein-DNA interactions. Among all the applications of phage display technology, one of the most successful ones is the isolation of monoclonal antibodies utilizing large capacity phage antibody libraries.. Thanks to the rapid development of this technology, it has become a reliable tool for the production of monoclonal antibody with high specificity and affinity. "Compared with conventional hybridoma technology, the generation of immune antibody libraries is not limited by the requirement of fusion partners. This expands the possibility to develop monoclonal antibodies ...

CDC: Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults with immunocompromising conditions: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP ...

Pneumovax® 23 (23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, 23vPPBV) (1 dose), Pneumovax 23, Swindon Medical Company Limited. Administered a single dose to 2 years of age and older.Pneumonia is the 2nd leading cause of death in HK. Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the common bacteria causing pneumonia (lung infection) and serious diseases; for example, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis and even death.According to the recommendations of the Hong Kong Centre for Health Protection: All aged 2 or above or high-risk elderly persons aged 65 or above should have pneumococcal vaccination, and high-risk individuals should be vaccinated with a 13-valent conjugate -The vaccination injection process is handled by medical professional.

Dr Lal PathLabs EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS ANTIBODY TO VIRAL CAPSID ANTIGEN (VCA), IgM in Bengaluru is health checkup package includes 1 Tests. ₹100 Cashback and Free Doctor Consultation, Home sample collection and Online reports available. EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS ANTIBODY TO VIRAL CAPSID ANTIGEN (VCA), IgM in Bengaluru covers 1 parameters- EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS ANTIBODY TO VIRAL CAPSID ANTIGEN (VCA), IgM in Bengaluru

1. Weinmann-Menke J, Holtz S, Sollinger D, Dörken M, Boedecker S, Schamberger S, Pfister F, Amann K, Lutz J. Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy in patients with Thrombospondin Type 1 -Domain-Containing 7A (THSD7A) Antibodies using Immunoadsorption. AJKD 2019 in press.. 2. Schwarting A, Möckel T, Lütgendorf F, Triantafyllias K, Grella S, Boedecker S, Weinmann A, Lüssi F, Meineck M, Sommer C, Schermuly I, Fellgiebel A, Weinmann-Menke J. Fatigue in SLE - diagnostic and pathogenic impact of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoantibodies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 in press. 3. Triantafyllias K, de Blasi M, Lütgendorf F, Cavagna L, Stortz M, Weinmann-Menke J, Konstantinides S, Galle PR, Schwarting A. High cardiovascular risk in mixed connective tissue disease: evaluation of macrovascular involvement and its predictors by aortic pulse wave velocity. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019 April 2. 4. *Wada Y, *Gonzalez-Sanchez HM, *Weinmann-Menke J, Iwata Y, Ajay AK, Meineck M, Kelley VR. IL-34-Dependent ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Structural studies of virus-antibody complexes by electron cryomicroscopy and X-ray crystallography. AU - Chiu, Wah. AU - Smith, Thomas. PY - 1994. Y1 - 1994. N2 - The combined use of electron cryomicroscopy and X-ray crystallography has recently provided unprecedented and unique structural information of virus-antibody complexes. Different kinds of viral proteins have been located and identified on the capsid surface, certain residues of the viral proteins involved in antibody interactions have been identified; the elbow angle of bound antibody has been measured; and the mechanism of antibody-mediated neutralization has been elucidated. Within the next few years, this combined methodology should help investigators resolve the structures of large macromolecular assemblies to even higher resolutions.. AB - The combined use of electron cryomicroscopy and X-ray crystallography has recently provided unprecedented and unique structural information of virus-antibody complexes. ...

We examined whether live attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine is effective in preventing West Nile virus (WNV) infection in the People's Republic of China. Three groups were recruited into the study: patients with Japanese encephalitis (JE), healthy controls vaccinated with live attenuated 2 SA14-14-vaccine against JE virus (JEV), and unvaccinated healthy controls. Serum samples were collected and screened for IgG antibodies against JEV by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Positive samples were then analyzed for levels of antibodies against JEV and neutralizing antibodies against West Nile virus (WNV) by a plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Although most persons had medium to high levels of JEV-reactive IgG and neutralizing antibodies, only 2 of the 82 unvaccinated control samples were positive for the WNV-reactive antibodies. These findings suggest that previous JEV infection or vaccination did not induce adequate levels of WNV-reactive antibodies in the population studied.

The Comparison of Sensitivity and Specificity of ELISA-based Microneutralization Test with Hemagglutination Inhibition Test to Evaluate Neutralizing Antibody against Influenza Virus (H1N1)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Treatment with ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy in patients with rituximab-refractory follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. AU - Witzig, Thomas E.. AU - Flinn, Ian W.. AU - Gordon, Leo I.. AU - Emmanouilides, Christos. AU - Czuczman, Myron S.. AU - Saleh, Mansoor N.. AU - Cripe, Larry. AU - Wiseman, Gregory. AU - Olejnik, Teresa. AU - Multani, Pratik S.. AU - White, Christine A.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2002/8/1. Y1 - 2002/8/1. N2 - Purpose: Rituximab is commonly used as a single agent or in combination therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy targets the same antigen as rituximab and has demonstrated efficacy in rituximab-naïve NHL. This study evaluated ibritumomab tiuxetan in the treatment of rituximab-refractory follicular NHL. Patients and Methods: Eligible patients were refractory to rituximab; this was defined as no objective response to rituximab (375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks) or ...

BACKGROUND: The persistence of protection from meningococcal disease following immunization with serogroup C meningococcal (MenC) glycoconjugate vaccines in infancy is short-lived. The duration of protective immunity afforded by these vaccines in other at-risk age groups (i.e., adolescents and young adults) is not known. We evaluated the persistence of bactericidal antibodies following immunization with a MenC glycoconjugate vaccine (MenCV) in adolescents and the kinetics of immune response to a meningococcal AC plain polysaccharide vaccine (MenPS) challenge or a repeat dose of MenCV. METHODS: We conducted a randomized comparative trial of 274 healthy 13-15-year-olds from whom a total of 4 blood samples were obtained (prior to administration of a dose of MenPS or MenCV, again on 2 further occasions at varying times from days 2-7 after vaccination, and finally on day 28 after vaccination. The correlate of protection was a serum bactericidal assay titer | or = 8 (with a serum bactericidal assay using

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BioAssay record AID 289164 submitted by ChEMBL: Inhibition of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen 63 reconstituted in diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine lipid membranes assessed as inhibition of channel conductance at 5 uM.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Organization and development of horizontal cells in the goldfish retina, I. T2 - The use of monoclonal antibody AT101. AU - Lam, Dominic Man Kit. AU - Peng, You Wei. PY - 1991/4. Y1 - 1991/4. N2 - We have produced and characterized a monoclonal antibody, AT101, which selectively labels both viable and formaldehyde-fixed horizontal cell axon terminals, but not their somas or axons, of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) retina. The antigen recognized by AT101 appears to be a cell surface glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 35,000 Daltons, and is present exclusively or predominantly in nervous tissues of all vertebrate species examined. We have used AT101 as a probe to analyze immunocytochemically the organization of horizontal cell axon terminals (HCATs) in the adult goldfish retina, and the emergence and maturation of these terminals during retinal development. Because of continued growth at the retinal margin in adult goldfish, there is a peripheral-to-central gradient in ...

Looking for online definition of anti-receptor antibody in the Medical Dictionary? anti-receptor antibody explanation free. What is anti-receptor antibody? Meaning of anti-receptor antibody medical term. What does anti-receptor antibody mean?

To determine the effect of HIV-infection, tuberculosis (TB) and HIV-TB co-infection on humoral antibody responses, measured by hemagglutinin inhibition assay (HAI), to each of three strains included in the seasonal non-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine In this study we will use the following definitions to assess the humoral immune response to TIV: HAI titers ,1:10 = seronegative; HAI titers ≥1:10 = seropositive; HAI titers ≥1:40 = sero-protective; sero-response rate (primary outcome measure) will be defined as a titer of ≥1:40 in an individual with baseline titers of ,1:10, or ,4-fold increase of HAI titers if baseline titers were ≥1:10. Hemagglutination inhibition assays will be performed on serum as per recommended methods. Sera will be titrated against antigens from the influenza vaccine strains included in the 2013 seasonal TIV ...

Looking for online definition of antibody-antigen complex in the Medical Dictionary? antibody-antigen complex explanation free. What is antibody-antigen complex? Meaning of antibody-antigen complex medical term. What does antibody-antigen complex mean?

Anti-polysaccharide immunity is a key facet of protection against several bacterial pathogens. Problems exist with current polysaccharide vaccines and alternative strategies that deliver a protective response are needed. We have identified immunological peptide mimics of type 6B and 9V pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides that could be used as vaccine antigens. Peptides mimicking antigenic properties of serotype 6B capsular polysaccharide were obtained from a phage-displayed peptide library expressing dodecameric peptides, using a human monoclonal antibody (Db3G9). A murine monoclonal antibody (206, F-5) against the serotype 9V capsular polysaccharide identified three peptide mimotopes from the dodecameric peptide library and one from a random pentadecameric peptide library. In ELISA, binding of 206, F-5 and Db3G9 to phage displaying the selected mimotopes was significantly inhibited by type-specific pneumococcal polysaccharide. Peptides were conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin and were ...

The literature on paediatric acute-onset movement disorders is scattered. In a prospective cohort of 52 children (21 male; age range 2mo-15y), the commonest were chorea, dystonia, tremor, myoclonus, and Parkinsonism in descending order of frequency. In this series of mainly previously well children with cryptogenic acute movement disorders, three groups were recognised: (1) Psychogenic disorders (n = 12), typically ,10 years of age, more likely to be female and to have tremor and myoclonus (2) Inflammatory or autoimmune disorders (n = 22), including N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, opsoclonus-myoclonus, Sydenham chorea, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute necrotizing encephalopathy (which may be autosomal dominant), and other encephalitides and (3) Non-inflammatory disorders (n = 18), including drug-induced movement disorder, post-pump chorea, metabolic, e ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Modulation of lentivirus replication by antibodies. Non-neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus enhance early stages of infection in macrophages, but do not cause increased production of virions. AU - Jolly, P. E.. AU - Huso, D.. AU - Hart, G.. AU - Narayan, O.. PY - 1989/1/1. Y1 - 1989/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0024374144&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0024374144&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2221. DO - 10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2221. M3 - Article. C2 - 2549189. AN - SCOPUS:0024374144. VL - 70. SP - 2221. EP - 2226. JO - Journal of General Virology. JF - Journal of General Virology. SN - 0022-1317. IS - 8. ER - ...

The present invention relates to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis viruses which fail to produce any functional thymidine kinase as a result of an insertion in the thymidine kinase gene, vaccines against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis containing the same and methods for production and use of same. The present invention also relates to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-based viral vectors useful for the coexpression of foreign genes.

Clinical and pathological data on 71 patients from throughout the British Isles who developed antiglomerular basement membrane antibody mediated nephritis in the period 1980-4 were studied. Two principle patterns of disease were recognised: young men presenting in their 20s with Goodpasture's syndrome (glomerulonephritis and lung haemorrhage) and women presenting in their 60s with glomerulonephritis alone. The effect of treatment on prognosis of a total of 108 patients was also reviewed (the 71 patients plus patients seen before 1980 at Hammersmith Hospital). Treatment with prednisolone, cytotoxic drugs, and plasma exchange hastened the time to clearance of autoantibody and improved the outlook of patients who were not dependent on dialysis and those with lung haemorrhage. ...

Background: Anti-ganglioside antibody assays are widely used for diagnosis of autoimmune peripheral neuropathies. Objective: This study aimed to determine serum levels of anti-ganglioside antibodies in children with Guillain-Barre syndrome by immunoblotting technique and compare the results with those obtained by ELISA method. Method: In this investigation, 50 children with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) who were admitted from July 2006 to July 2008, to Tabriz Children's hospital in the northwest of Iran were studied. 30 children admitted for various other reasons than GBS were randomly selected as a control group. The levels of anti-ganglioside antibodies in serum were measured by ELISA and immunoblotting methods using commercial kits. Results: Anti-ganglioside antibodies (IgG) were detected in 16 (32%) GBS patients and in 1 (3.3%) control using ELISA assay. However, by employing immunoblotting technique, antibodies against seven gangliosides were found positive in 28 (56%) GBS patients and none in the

4. (Middle and Africa) Latin America Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Market.. Report also includes Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) market growth rate XXXX % during forecast period. Worldwide Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) industry report covers competitors/Manufacturers Profiles in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) market with their Business Overview. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Market report also includes Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) market by Type and Applications, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Sales, Revenue, Price and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Industry Share. This research (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Market Research) study also includes worldwide Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Market Competition, by Manufacturer, by Manufacturer. Worldwide Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Sales and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Revenue by Regions (2011-2016). Purchase ...

Interference from heterophilic antibodies. Heterophilic antibodies are found in human patient serum and plasma. They are poly-reactive antibodies recognising IgG from different animal species. These antibodies are non-specific, have no defined antigen and can bind to the Fc region of the assay antibody causing a false positive test signal. Heterophilic antibodies found in patient serum react with mouse (HAMA) and rat IgG. Since conventional specific and high affinity monoclonal antibodies can only be obtained from the mouse and rat, heterophilic antibodies can be a limitation in diagnostic tests. Chimeric monoclonal antibodies (in particular human chimeric antibodies) are a solution to this problem.. ...

Polyclonal antibodies are a pool of antibodies originating from different B cells in a host animal that recognize more than one epitope on the same protein or antigen. In contrast, a monoclonal antibody is an antibody originating from a single B cell in a host animal that recognizes only one epitope or binding site on a protein or other antigen. Polyclonal antibodies are usually purified from the serum of an immunized host animal such as a rabbit, chicken or goat. Whereas monoclonal antibodies are usually purified from cell culture media supernatant from the growth of a hybridoma cell line. Monoclonal antibodies are divalent but monospecific. Polyclonal antibodies are also divalent but consist of a pool of antibodies with multiple epitope specificities.. ...

Understanding host antibody response is crucial for predicting disease severity and for vaccine development. We investigated antibody responses against influenza A(H7N9) virus in 48 serum samples from 21 patients, including paired samples from 15 patients. IgG against subtype H7 and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were not detected in acute-phase samples, but ELISA geometric mean titers increased in convalescent-phase samples; NAb titers were 20–80 (geometric mean titer 40). Avidity to IgG against subtype H7 was significantly lower than that against H1 and H3. IgG against H3 was boosted after infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus, and its level in acute-phase samples correlated with that against H7 in convalescent-phase samples. A correlation was also found between hemagglutinin inhibition and NAb titers and between hemagglutinin inhibition and IgG titers against H7. Because of the relatively weak protective antibody response to influenza A(H7N9), multiple vaccinations might be needed to

BACKGROUND: The syndrome of progressive encephalopathy with limb rigidity has been historically termed progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) or stiff-person syndrome plus. METHODS: The case is presented of a previously healthy 28-year-old man with a rapidly fatal form of PERM developing over 2 months. RESULTS: Serum antibodies to both NMDA receptors (NMDAR) and glycine receptors (GlyR) were detected postmortem, and examination of the brain confirmed an autoimmune encephalomyelitis, with particular involvement of hippocampal pyramidal and cerebellar Purkinje cells and relative sparing of the neocortex. No evidence for an underlying systemic neoplasm was found. CONCLUSION: This case displayed not only the clinical features of PERM, previously associated with GlyR antibodies, but also some of the features associated with NMDAR antibodies. This unusual combination of antibodies may be responsible for the particularly progressive course and sudden death.

Looking for antibody binding site? Find out information about antibody binding site. antibody combining site McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Explanation of antibody binding site

Selective suppression of IgE antibody response was demonstrated. Preadministration of DNP-coupled mycobacterium (DNP-Tbc) inhibited the formation of anti-DNP IgE antibody induced by DNP-OA without any suppressive effect on anti-DNP IgG antibody response. Secondary anti-DNP IgE antibody response by DNP-OA was also significantly depressed by the preadministration of DNP-Tbc. Anti-OA IgE antibody response induced by DNP-OA was also depressed by DNP-Tbc, whereas anti-OA IgE antibody response induced by PAB-OA was not affected by the preadministration of DNP-Tbc. Preimmunization with DNP-MGG induced much higher anti-DNP IgG antibody response than DNP-Tbc, but DNP-MGG did not suppress the induction of anti-DNP IgE antibody. The transfer of DNP-Tbc-primed spleen cells into normal mice depressed anti-DNP IgE antibody response. B cell-depleted cell populations also showed a comparable inhibitory effect to that of unfractionated DNP-Tbc primed cells. In the adoptive cell transfer experiment, ...

Asexual stage antibody responses following initial Plasmodium falciparum infections in previously healthy adults may inform vaccine development, yet these have not been as intensively studied as they have in populations from malaria-endemic areas. Serum samples were collected over a six-month period from twenty travellers having returned with falciparum malaria. Fourteen of these were malaria-naïve and six had a past history of one to two episodes of malaria. Antibodies to seven asexual stage P. falciparum antigens were measured by ELISA. Invasion inhibitory antibody responses to the 19kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP119) were determined. Short-lived antibody responses were found in the majority of the subjects. While MSP119 antibodies were most common, MSP1 block 2 antibodies were significantly less frequent and recognized conserved domains. Antibodies to MSP2 cross-reacted to the dimorphic allelic families and anti-MSP2 isotypes were not IgG3 skewed as shown previously. MSP119

The introduction of vaccines containing the capsular polysaccharides of N. meningitidis, S. pneumonia, and H. influenzae type b has driven a significant reduction in cases of disease caused by these bacteria. The polysaccharide-specific antibody responses following vaccination are well characterized, however less is known about the B cells underlying this response. Here, we summarize the plasma cell (PC) and memory B cell (BMEM) responses following plain polysaccharide and protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccination, drawing together studies covering a range of vaccines and age groups. These studies show that infant primary PC and BMEM responses to polysaccharide-conjugate vaccines are low in relation to older age groups but are significantly higher following booster doses. PC kinetics have generally been found to follow a similar pattern irrespective of vaccine type or age group, whereas divergent BMEM responses have been reported following plain polysaccharide and conjugate vaccination. A degree of

Antibodies are applied in both basic research and diagnostics, and represent an increasingly important class of therapeutics. Monoclonal antibodies is the largest and fastest growing class of protein pharmaceuticals [1]. In the discovery and development of these antibodies, antibody fragments such as the antigen binding fragment (Fab), the single-chain variable fragment (scFv), and the single variable domains (VH and VL, collectively sdAb) are often employed [2]. The present recombinant antibody discovery platforms, such as ribosome and phage display [3], enable easy screening and selection of antibody fragments against virtually any antigen [4]. Based on the initial screening or selection, a number of candidate antibodies are obtained [3]. Often, these recombinant antibody candidates can be expressed in E. coli. However, although the field of recombinant protein expression in E. coli is developed and expanded [5, 6], the codon usage and folding dynamics of some recombinant antibody clones are ...

Chromosomal heteromorphisms and DNA polymorphisms have been utilized to identify the mechanisms that lead to formation of human ovarian teratomas and to construct a gene-centromere map of chromosome 1 by using those teratomas that arise by meiotic nondisjunction. Of 61 genetically informative ovarian teratomas, 21.3% arose by nondisjunction at meiosis I, and 39.3% arose by meiosis II nondisjunction. Eight polymorphic marker loci on chromosome 1p and one marker on 1q were used to estimate a gene-centromere map. The results show clear linkage of the most proximal 1p marker (NRAS) and the most proximal 1q marker (D1S61) to the centromere at a distance of 14 cm and 20 cm, respectively. Estimated gene-centromere distances suggest that, while recombination occurs normally in ovarian teratomas arising by meiosis II errors, ovarian teratomas arising by meiosis I nondisjunction have altered patterns of recombination. Furthermore, the estimated map demonstrates clear evidence of chiasma interference. Our ...

Ovarian teratomas is the most common group of ovarian germ cell tumors. They can be divided into 3 main sub types mature ovarian teratoma immature ovarian teratoma specialized teratoma struma ovarii tumor See also ovarian tumors

E. coli antibody (FITC) for ELISA, FACS, ICC/IF. Anti-E. coli pAb (GTX40856) is tested in E. coli, Bacteria samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.

Fine specificity of anti-V3 antibodies induced in chimpanzees by HIV candidate vaccines.: The fine specificity of the anti-V3 antibody responses induced in chim

IgG-class autoantibodies to N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors define a novel entity of autoimmune encephalitis. Studies examining the prevalence of NMDA IgA/IgM antibodies in patients with Parkinson disease with/without dementia produced conflicting results. We measured NMDA antibodies in a large, well phenotyped sample of Parkinson patients without and with cognitive impairment (n = 296) and controls (n = 295) free of neuropsychiatric disease. Detailed phenotyping and large numbers allowed statistically meaningful correlation of antibody status with diagnostic subgroups as well as quantitative indicators of disease severity and cognitive impairment. NMDA antibodies were analysed in the serum of patients and controls using well established validated assays. We used anti-NMDA antibody positivity as the main independent variable and correlated it with disease status and phenotypic characteristics. The frequency of NMDA IgA/IgM antibodies was lower in Parkinson patients (13%) than in

Introduction: The presence of MUC5AC (M1 antigen) and MUC6 have previously been found in ovarian mucinous cyst. We characterized the mucins in the crude mucus and tissue of a mature ovarian tera...