Gastric cancer is one of the most common neoplastic diseases in developed Western countries, and is characterized by a poor prognosis when diagnosed at a late stage [1]. Atrophic gastritis and gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) are well-known risk factors for the development of gastric cancer. For this reason, endoscopy with multiple biopsies is recommended in patients with atrophic gastritis or GIM, to exclude preneoplastic or neoplastic tissue [1]. Magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI) has been shown to be reliable for in vivo diagnosis of atrophic gastritis and GIM [1] [2] [3] [4]. However, while magnifying endoscopy is routinely used by Asian endoscopists, it is not established in most European and Northern American endoscopy centers. Recently, a novel endoscope with NBI and dual-focus capability has been introduced to improve the quality of endoscopic imaging [5]. Dual focus allows the user to select between two focus settings by pushing a button on the scope. This results in ...

Background Surveillance of premalignant gastric lesions relies mainly on random biopsy sampling. Narrow band imaging (NBI) may enhance the accuracy of endoscopic surveillance of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia.We aimed to compare the yield of NBI to white light endoscopy (WLE) in the survei …

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: The reliability and external validity of narrow band imaging (NBI) in the stomach have not been described consistently. The aim of the current study was to describe and estimate the accuracy and reliability of a simplified classification system for NBI in the diagnosis of gastric lesions. METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing NBI endoscopy at two reference centers (n=85, 33% with dysplasia) were included in two studies. In total, 224 different areas were biopsied and recorded onto video. In the derivation study, previously described NBI features were analyzed in order to develop a simplified classification. In the validation study the accuracy and reliability of this classification were estimated among three groups of endoscopists with different levels of expertise in NBI. .RESULTS: The reliability/accuracy results from the derivation study allowed the creation of a simplified NBI classification. In the validation study, regular vessels with circular mucosa ...

Objective Colonoscopy, the gold standard colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test, has known diagnostic limitations. Advances in endoscope technology have focused to improve mucosal visualization. In addition to increased angle of view and resolution features, recent colonoscopes have non-white light optics, such as Narrow Band Imaging (NBI), to enhance image contrast. We aimed to study the neoplasia diagnostic characteristics of NBI, by comparing the neoplasm miss rate when the colonoscopy was performed under NBI versus white light (WL). Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting US Veterans hospital.. Patients Elective colonoscopy adults. Intervention We randomly assigned patients to undergo a colonoscopic examination using NBI or WL. All patients underwent a second examination using WL, as the reference standard.. Main outcome measures The primary end point was the difference in the neoplasm miss rate, and secondary outcome was the neoplasm detection rate. Results In 276 tandem colonoscopy ...

sed for identifying cancer in bladder mucosa. NBI takes white light from the LED bulb and only allows green and blue lightwaves to be omitted. This enhances the vasculature in the mucosa, such as blood vessels and other structures, allowing for better visualization of possibly cancerous lesions. The first launch of this process was in 2005, but of course there have been constant improvements made to the product since then.. Dan Bakis graduated with a degree in Exercise Physiology, minoring in Nutrition from the UMass Lowell. He started working in orthopedic medical device sales fresh out of college, and from there he moved onto gastrointestinal and pulmonary medical device sales. In February of 2017, he started working with urology and gynecology medical device sales through a company called Olympus.. Bakis sells the Narrow Band Imaging technology through Olympus. This product is a source and processor built into one device. The scope plugs into this for urology and gynecology procedures in the ...

A carrier recovery system combining a narrow band carrier phase estimator and a wide band carrier phase estimator, and a digital phase demodulator using this carrier recovery system. The narrow band carrier phase estimator extracts a carrier phase having a low pulse slip rate from received signal. This carrier phase, however, cannot track fast phase fluctuation due to fading. On the other hand, the wide band carrier phase estimator tracks fast phase fluctuation due to fading, and extracts a carrier phase from the received signal. From this carrier phase is subtracted the other carrier phase obtained by the narrow band carrier phase estimator, and the balance, after its fluctuating range is limited, is added to the carrier phase obtained by the narrow band carrier phase estimator, thereby making it possible to obtain a carrier phase which can track fast phase fluctuations due to fading without sacrificing the phase slip rate. By using the carrier phase obtained in this manner, there can be structured a

INPROCEEDINGS {483, author={Rafael Caldeirinha and M. AL-Nuaimi and A. Seville and N. Neil Rogers and N. Savage}, doi={}, booktitle={IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit}, title={A Generic Model of 1-60 GHz Narrow Band Radio Propagation through Vegetation}, year={2003}, month={June}, volume={-}, pages ...

RTS BTR-80N-A4 Narrow Band 2-Channel UHF Synthesized Wireless Intercom System MPN BTR-80N, UPC 0800549296335, Wireless - Rack-mountable Audio / Video, Audio Mixers

Telex BTR-80N-H1 Narrow Band 2-Channel UHF Synthesized Wireless Intercom System MPN BTR-80N, UPC 0800549296090, Wireless - Rack-mountable Audio / Video, Audio Mixers

Pack of 3 Narrow Band Filters, recommended for A-level experiments including Plancks Constant. The filters include: Mercury Green: 546nm (510-570nm) Mercury Blue: 436nm (430-450nm) Mercury Yellow: 578nm (570nm+)

Wallace, J. and Jones, K. C. (1994) Effects of natural radiation and narrow bands of light on the survival of pathogenic and indicator bacteria. Demonstration meeting: microbiology of water treatment, abstract. Society of Applied Bacteriology News. p. 5.. Full text not available from this repository ...

Both adults had Burmese parents and should be I/i. The kitten has to be I/- to have silver and we believe the light spot to be silver not white. The only conclusion can be that she is a narrow band . We also suggest that the likely reason it shows be due to the sepia gene. This white chest patch is an issue on some Burmese. We postulate most and not all Burmese are golden, narrow band (. i/i. wb/wb). Those that show white patches are likely silver narrow band (I/- wb/wb). One breeding of a locketed Burmese to a golden tabby would prove the point. We therefore believe Robinsons p151 on Lockets needs clarification. We suggest this may be undesirable but should not be a disqualification factor in either the Burmese or Burmilla if we are correct. We understand that the Berrington gene (and we hope we have spelled it correctly) may be related to this same I/- vs ii discussion. The light Champagne Burmese is often said to have the Berrington gene and we think it may just be an I/- Burmese. ...

The purpose of this study is to determine whether narrowband imaging (NBI) makes it easier for a surgeon to see cancer.. NBI is a kind of light. Normally, white light is used during surgery. White light uses many wavelengths of light. NBI only uses two wavelengths which highlight the blood vessels. This makes it easier for the surgeon to see blood vessels. Tumors often have more blood vessels than normal tissue. As a result, NBI may make it easier for the surgeon to see small tumors.. In this study the surgeon will look with both normal white light and NBI. This way a comparison can be made to determine which is superior.. Improved identification of tumors allows doctors and patients to make informed decisions about whether treatment is needed after surgery. It also provides additional information to determine which treatments may be best. ...

NBI offers superior efficacy compared to white-light endoscopy in the early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer in pre-, intra-and post-operative stages. As tumors can be detected at an early stage using NBI technology, complications and the time a patient spends at a hospital can be reduced. Early diagnosis and treatment is thought to result in a reduction in future treatments and recurrence of the disease.. NBI comes with Olympus Medical equipment at no additional cost for extra equipment, disposables, or drugs. It is a key function of the Olympus endoscopy system, and has been shown to provide clinical quality, efficiency gain, and cost savings in other indications.[4,5]. ...

This largest multicentre prospective community study to date, evaluating the use of NBI-assisted optical diagnosis in routine clinical practice demonstrates that optical diagnosis in the hands of non-experts is not currently accurate enough to replace histology in determining surveillance for patients with colonic polyps. Regardless of the threshold employed, test sensitivity was significantly below required levels and below those reported in academic centres, which report concordance between optical and histology-based surveillance intervals of ,90%.19 ,21. The Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopic Innovations (PIVI) statement issued by the American Society of GI Endoscopy has issued advice on acceptable performance thresholds for real-time endoscopic assessment of diminutive polyps required before optical diagnosis should be recommended for routine clinical practice.22 The PIVI statement advises that optical diagnosis can be used for diminutive (1-5 mm) and histological ...

Please Note, The ebooks are not always PDF format, you might receive epub/kindle formats after purchase. This is Digital Version of (Ebook) 978-4

High speed data transfer from a base station to a mobile terminal is provided using an additional wide band communication channel that supplements the communications provided by the reverse (mobile to base station) and forward (base station to mobile) links used in cellular or PCS communications systems. In one embodiment, the standard forward and reverse links are used as control channels for data transfers over the additional or adjunct forward wide band channel. In another embodiment, the communications carried out over the narrow band forward link channel are sent over the adjunct wide band forward channel thereby eliminating the need for a narrow band forward link channel.

Description: Black silk mourning ensemble consisting of bodice and skirt. The bodice of black silk is fitted and boned, with a high, standing black silk band collar with appliqued black lace medallions. It has full-length, modified bishop sleeves that gather into the armseye. Below the gathered cap, in the portion corresponding to the upper arm, the fullness of the sleeve is controlled with top-stitched vertical tucks. From the elbow to the cuff the fullness is again released in a bishop sleeve silhouette. The sleeves gather again into wide black silk cuffs with appliqued black lace medallions and four narrow bands of black velvet ribbon. The bodice front is constructed on the lines of a bolero jacket, with a deep V-shaped opening and wide ruffled collar which is constructed of horizontally tucked black crepe-patterned silk. The released fullness of the tucking creates the ruffled finish. The ruffled portion is edged with two narrow bands of black velvet ribbon. The bodice front has a bib fill ...

ECCO - European Crohn´s and Colitis Organisation. The European Crohn\s and Colitis Organisation is a highly active non-profit association focusing on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD).

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. ...

Speech to be transmitted is sampled at a given rate with each of the samples being converted to a binary representation of its amplitude. A digital arithmetic unit under control of predetermined program determines from the binary representations of the two immediately preceeding samples the redundant information of the speech, a weighting parameter of the redundant information and removes this redundant information from the speech to produce a residual non-redundant signal. The weighting parameter is transmitted according to a predetermined binary code having a given number of binary bits and the residual signal is transmitted by delta modulation. The binary code representation of the weighting parameter and the delta modulation representing the residual signal are time multiplexed for transmission to a receiver. At least one distinctive combination of bits of a code group of the weighting parameter is employed to indicate an out-of-synchronization condition. The clock recovery, framing and timing

PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

TY - JOUR. T1 - An International Study on the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team Classification for Colorectal Polyps Observed with Blue Laser Imaging. AU - Suzuki, Hiroto. AU - Yamamura, Takeshi. AU - Nakamura, Masanao. AU - Hsu, Chen Ming. AU - Su, Ming Yao. AU - Chen, Tsung Hsing. AU - Chiu, Cheng Tang. AU - Hirooka, Yoshiki. AU - Goto, Hidemi. PY - 2020/5/1. Y1 - 2020/5/1. N2 - Background: The Japan narrow-band imaging Expert Team (JNET) classification of colorectal polyps based on magnifying endoscopy is used in Japan, but not worldwide. The objective of this study was to clarify differences of diagnostic accuracy between JNET users in Japan and non-JNET users in other countries. Methods: A total of 185 colorectal tumors were assessed. Six endoscopists (3 each from Japan and Taiwan) participated in the study. The Japanese endoscopists normally used the JNET classification and the Taiwanese endoscopists normally used the narrow-band imaging International ...

A new classification (Japan Esophageal Society [JES] classification) for the diagnosis of Barretts esophagus (BE) -related lesions by magnifying endoscopy was developed. In this classification, diagnosis of dysplastic lesion is made by the irregularity of surface and vascular patterns. A multicenter study was conducted to confirm the validity of the classification. We collected 156 images (67 non-dysplastic and 89 dysplastic BE) taken by NBI with high-definition magnifying endoscopy. Ten endoscopists (five experts and five non-experts) were recruited from 10 hospital as reviewers and were given a lecture on the JES classification. Then, they reviewed the images twice, immediately after the lecture (1st test) and 6 weeks after (2nd test). Sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of the JES classification system in the diagnosis of dysplastic BE were 87%, 98%, and 91% for experts and 87%, 97%, and 91% for non-experts, respectively. Inter-observer agreement was substantial among the experts ...

Narrow band-pass optical interference filters are used for a variety of applications to improve signal quality in laser based systems. Applications include LIDAR, sensor processing and free space communications. A narrow band width optical filter allows for passage of the laser signal while rejecting ambient light. The more narrow the bandwidth, the better the signal to noise. However, the bandwidth of a design for a particular application is typically limited by a number of factors including spectral shift over the operational angles of incidence, thermal shift over the range of operating temperature and, in the case of laser communication, rejection of adjacent laser channels. The trade-off of these parameters can significantly impact system design and performance. This paper presents design and material approaches to maximize the performance of narrow bandpass filters in the infrared ...

I.r. difference spectra are presented for 3-(indol-3-yl)acryloyl-, cinnamoyl-, 3-(5-methylthien-2-yl)acryloyl-, dehydrocinnamoyl- and dihydrocinnamoyl-chymotrypsins at low pH, where the acyl-enzymes are catalytically inactive. At least two absorption bands are seen in each case in the ester carbonyl stretching region of the spectrum. Cinnamoyl-chymotrypsin substituted at the carbonyl carbon atom with 13C was prepared. A difference spectrum in which 13C-substituted acyl-enzyme was subtracted from [12C]acyl-enzyme shows two bands in the ester carbonyl region and thus confirms the assignment of the features to the single ester carbonyl group. The frequencies of the ester carbonyl bands are interpreted in terms of differential hydrogen-bonding. In each case a lower-frequency relatively narrow band is assigned to a productive potentially reactive binding mode in which the carbonyl oxygen atom is inserted in the oxyanion hole of the enzyme active centre. The higher-frequency band, which is broader, is ...

1) Stochastic processes. Parameters, classification, operations on processes.. 2) Sampling. Spectrum of a Sampled Signal. Narrow Band Signal Sampling.. 3) Signal Reconstruction from Samples. Shanon Theorem.. 4) Linear and Nonlinear Quantization. Quantization Error and Noise. PCM signal.. 5) Physical Properties of Sound. Physiological Properties of Hearing.. 6) Physical properties of Light. Physiological Properties of Vision.. 7) Information contents of still and moving images.. 8) Construction of metal cables (aerial cable, flat cable, UTP, coaxial cable) and their parameters (specific attenuation and phase, propagation delay and velocity.. 9) Construction of optical fiber cable types (SI, GI, SM) and their parameters (NA, modal dispersion, chromatic dispersion.. 10) Hybrid, two and four-wire repeater. The loop stability issue. Near and far end crosstalk.. 11) Wave Propagation Modes I. Line-of-sight, multipath, and surface wave propagation.. 12) Wave Propagation Modes II. Refraction, ...

MERCURY -- The exceptionally qualified witnesses were traveling in a two car convoy on Highway 95 east of Mercury, NV on both June 23 and 26, 2002, using 14 channel handheld radios, for communication between vehicles. On both the trip north and on the return trip south we noticed very strong broadband radio interference with both our radios for a period of tens of minutes 30 miles east of Area 51. I have tested these radios and they break the preset squelch at a distance of about 2 miles, broadcasting an estimated 500 mw at roughly 440 MHz. The interference we observed broke the squelch many times on the radios. If the distance between us and the transmitting antenna was 30 miles, the transmitter would have been transmitting at least 5 kW in a narrow band of one channel. I observed that the interference occurred in all 14 bands of our radios, so this would indicated a broadband transmission of at least 70 kW to achieve this phenomenon. The total power from the transmitter could be much higher, ...

CLINICAL HISTORY:. A 71-year-old man presented with slowly worsening numbness and weakness. Walking difficulties began when the patient was in his 30s. Over many years, he required progressively more assistance with ambulation, became wheelchair dependent, and finally bedridden. The diagnosis in life was unclear, but had over the years been variously considered to be Guillain-Barr Syndrome (GBS), Friedreichs ataxia, or multiple sclerosis (MS).. GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTIONS:. Autopsy examination was limited to the 1350 gram formalin-fixed brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, and a peripheral nerve segment submitted by the referring pathologist. Gross examination of cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum showed no meningeal opacification, hemorrhage, gyral atrophy, or infarction. On coronal sectioning, only inconspicuous, small, well-demarcated remote demyelinative plaques were identified in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter. With the exception of narrow bands of demyelination around ...

Figs. 1 to 5 are phase photomicrographs, taken at a uniform magnification (X 560), of five of the 30 oocytes that were examined by electron microscopy. These photographs illustrate the growth of the oocyte during the transition from a primordial to a primary follicle. Occasional reference to these figures is made in the text so that size relationships can be kept in mind as cytoplasmic changes take place in the oocyte. Resting Stage The simplest oocyte, even smaller than the stage shown in Fig. l, is an elongate cell measuring about 20 X 14 p. and surrounded by a single layer of flat follicle cells (Figs. 6 to 7). It often occurs in clusters, within a narrow band of connective tissue-ethe ovarian cortex-~lying just beneath the surface epithelium. The large, some what eccentric nucleus is packed with granular material of varying density and size and has a wavy envelope which, on tangential section, shows prominent pores frequently containing a central granule. None of our electron micrographs ...

The eXact® Eco-Check® photometer from Industrial Test Systems, Inc. (ITS) is the perfect meter for all your water quality testing needs. It tests important environmental parameters with lab-quality accuracy at minimal cost. It features a narrow band wavelength filter for improved accuracy; long-life LEDs and a built-in cell for ultra-performance. No visual color matching required means the eXact® Eco-Check® takes the guesswork out of water testing.. ...

The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland that lies along the trachea (the windpipe) in the front of the neck. It is made up of two lobes, connected by the isthmus, a narrow band of tissue. In most people the thyroid is located below the larynx (voice box), but some peoples thyroids may be located higher in the neck or even at the back of the tongue and are referred to as a lingual (near the tongue) thyroid ...

Dorsal spines (total): 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 17. This species is distinguished by the following characters: unequal color pattern of numerous black spots on dorsal surface of head and anterior portion of body, row of 8 black blotches laterally along upper body and irregular narrow bands on caudal fin; D V,21; A I,17; pectoral-fin rays 16-17; pored lateral-line scales 52 or 53; transverse scale rows 4.5/14-16; total gill rakers 14-15; circumpeduncular scales rows 25-26; sensory pores above the maxilla 3 and one large pore at front of chin; free margin of preoperculum strongly serrated; a short prolongation on upper lobe of caudal fin (Ref. 101021). ...

A short, narrow band that is often divided into two, one in front of the other. It passes from the lateral surface of the zygomatic arch and its tubercle to the lateral posterior border of the neck of the mandible ...

At subcrop a characteristic of the Sherwood sandstone is the extremely high porosity and permeability levels in certain narrow bands within the succession. Early cementation by calcite and anhydrite had inhibited compaction. In these horizons it is considered that the anhydrite cement has been dissolved and dissolution of feldspar grains has lead to an increase in porosity (secondary porosity) and permeability. This makes the Sherwood sandstone an excellent reservoir (Penn et al, 1987). The unit has higher permeability at its base where sand bodies are thicker and more continuous. The upper layers consist of more poorly connected sand bodies and mudstones and have a poorer fluid flow. The mudstone layers within the outcrop are laterally discontinuous so that they do not act as an efficient seal (Bowman et al, 1993). ...

Realteks cognitive radio functionality complies with the spectrum avoidance requirements that will apply in several worldwide regulatory domains beginning in 2009, and that are directed at ensuring satisfactory coexistence of ultra-wideband devices with other wireless services. The ultra-wideband transmitter responds to the presence of a protected service in its immediate vicinity by transmitting at a greatly reduced power level in a narrow band centered around the protected service. By tailoring the location and width of the spectral notch, interference-free coexistence with other services is ensured. The RTU7010 reduces the Power-Spectral Density (PSD) around the protected service to below -70dBm/MHz, while maintaining the maximum regulated limit of -41.3dBm/MHz elsewhere. This represents approximately a thousand-fold reduction in transmitted power around the protected service and meets the suppression level that will be required by regulators in Japan and Korea beginning in 2009 for devices ...

What to get - 3G & 4G/LTE antennas come in directional, portable/outdoor, separate or combined MIMO, wide or narrow band and have various connector options.

New York and Pennsylvania NBEMS nets. Most weekends, as KD9XB, I check in to the New York NBEMS (Narrow Band Emergency Messaging Software) net Saturday at 1200 UTC on 3584 kHz USB, and the Pennsylvania NBEMS net Sunday at 1200 UTC on 3583 kHz USB (with out-of-state check-ins now starting at 1130 UTC). Check-ins are usually in Thor 22, and messages are in MFSK32 (PA NBEMS is experimenting with Thor 50x1 for messages). Messages generally use the Flmsg add-on to Fldigi. If you are a radio amateur in eastern North America, feel free to check in. Outside the region, use an SDR in the eastern USA to tune in and decode. You do not need Flmsg to check in, and most of the messages can be read without Flmsg. If you can decode the net, send me an email to [email protected] , or tweet to @SWRadiogram , and I will let them know you are tuned in. ...

Giant Extragalactic H II Regions (GEHRs) in nearby galaxies have been observed at both radio and optical wavelengths. Narrow band optical imaging, large and small aperture optical spectrophotometry, radio continuum imaging at (lamda)6 cm and (lamda)21 cm, and (lamda)21 cm H I spectral line mapping have been employed to ...

Diagram showing a tight junction. Tight junctions seal adjacent epithelial cells in a narrow band just beneath their apical surface ...

Embedded smart structures include active electronics which control and collect data from sensors and actuators and transmit data to the exterior of a body by electromagnetic antenna radiation to a conformal power and data interrogation interface. Multiple embedded smart structures are powered and interrogated by a network of conformal powering and interrogation units. Multiple embedded sensors each having an antenna with a defined narrow band resonant frequency are powered and interrogated by a single external powering and data interrogation antenna.

We want the money working for us now, in things that will be working in the coming few months - trying to find relative strength. I see a lot of good values in many sectors now - many considered growth sectors in fact. But that does not mean those stocks wont trade in a listless 10-15% narrow band for months or quarters to come. When their technical conditions improve, this will mean buyers (the big time buyers in the market) are once again interested in these names, and thats when I will return in larger scale to these names/sectors. I dont want a portfolio full of listless names, that can drift sideways or downs for quarters on end, waiting for the eventual day that the stocks bounce 30% in a week (thats what people who bought financials, homebuilders, and retailers have been doing the past 6 months) Eventually you will be right but off of what level? Usually a far far far lower level than you entered the stock. So you are just paring losses and wasting a lot of time, nothing else. I ...

A person with a vulva actually has three holes (or what I prefer to call openings) per their genitals: the urethra, the vagina, and the anus. Starting at the front of the body, we first have the urethral opening, where one urinates from. This opening is very, very tiny, so it likely isnt the opening youre talking about. Next comes the vagina, then, finally, the anus. The vagina and anus are adjacent to one another, separated by a narrow band of tissue and muscle called the perineum. Theyre quite different in structure. The vaginal opening is surrounded by, and, for some people, hidden by the inner and outer labia, while the anal opening is a sphincter, a ring of muscle, leading into the anus, which in turn leads to the rectum. From your question, it sounds like you want your boyfriends penis to end up in your vagina, for vaginal intercourse. I wanted to clarify this because some people enjoy anal intercourse, and for those people, the penis ending up in the anus isnt the wrong spot at ...

An optical identification element 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 has a one or more of collocated pitches Λ which represent a unique identification N bit digital code that is detected when illuminated by incident light 24. The incident light 24 may be directed transversely onto the side or onto an end of the substrate 10 with a narrow band (single wavelength) or multiple wavelength source, in which case the code is represented by a spatial distribution of light or a wavelength spectrum, respectively. The element 8 can provide a large number of unique codes, e.g., greater than 67 million codes, and can withstand harsh environments. The element 8 can be used in any application that requires sorting, tagging, tracking or identification, and can be made on a micron scale

NOTES: LNS note: The third hydrophone used is the EDO/UQN receiver. The EDO/UQN receiver used is a 12KHz fathomer with a 3x pitch shift down. From the publication listed below: The EDO receiver converts the resonant 12KHz and other frequencies into a narrow band centered at 4Khz. This is part of a series of cuts where multiple sampling was done of the same two Hyperoodon ampullatus individuals over several hours, with three different hydrophones. See other catalog numbers as well, starting with 116258. See the publication on these recordings, Winn, H.E. et al. 1970. Sounds and Behavior of the Northern Bottle-nose whale. Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. Biol. Sonar Diving Mamm. 53-59. 09Jul2003 SAS. Reel notes: 1 min sampling BQR-EDO- Bow 2 Bottlenose Whales in area - may be pilot whale-like sounds from them on EDO. SEAOCEAN ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - High Yields of Small and Flat Adenomas With High-Definition Colonoscopes Using Either White Light or Narrow Band Imaging. AU - Rex, Douglas K.. AU - Helbig, Claire C.. PY - 2007/6. Y1 - 2007/6. N2 - Background & Aims: Detection of adenomas is an important goal of colonoscopy. Narrow band imaging (NBI) might highlight adenomas and lead to higher rates of adenoma detection. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial of colonoscopy withdrawal in white light versus NBI in 434 patients aged 50 years or older with intact colons. All examinations were performed by a single experienced endoscopist with a known high detection rate of adenomas using high-definition, wide-angle (170° field of view) colonoscopes. Results: There was no difference in the percent of patients with ≥1 adenoma for the entire cohort in white light (67%) versus NBI (65%) (P = .61) or in the subset of 257 patients with indication screening (58% vs 57%; P = .91). Both the prevalences of adenomas and the ...

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Signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum is rare, and most cases are detected at an advanced stage. We present a case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma detected at an early stage by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (NBI) and crystal violet staining. A 73-year-old man visited our hospital for screening colonoscopy. Six years previously, he had undergone endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer. The pathological diagnosis was a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, invading into the mucosa without lymphovascular invasion. Colonoscopy revealed a flat elevated lesion with a slightly depressed area, 20 mm in diameter, in the cecum. Further, magnifying endoscopy with NBI revealed that the surface pattern was slightly irregular and microvessels had a regular diameter and distribution in the margin of the lesion, but in the central part of the lesion, irregularity in the tumor surface pattern and form as well as in the diameter and distribution of microvessels was

|i |Background|/i|. Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder characterized by depigmented macules due to absence of melanocytes. Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 in the epidermis of lesions may play a role in keratinocyte apoptosis and less production of melanogenic cytokines. Tetracyclines reduce production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1. |i |Objective|/i|. To evaluate the effect of topical tetracycline on vitiligo patients on phototherapy. |i |Methods|/i|. Thirty cases of generalized stable vitiligo were chosen randomly and pigmentation of two assigned lesions on right and left sides (same size and location) was determined by vitiligo area severity index, and medication and placebo were randomly assigned to be applied twice daily on either right or left side, respectively. Images were taken of the lesions at the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks and pigmentations were compared to baseline using aforementioned index. The patients also took narrow band

A 64-year-old woman had a history of cancer of alveolus that was in remission. She was considered at increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract; therefore, she was referred to us for endoscopic screening in May 2012. On white light endoscopy, a well-demarcated erythematous zone measuring 3 cm in size was identified at the distal greater curvature of the stomach (Fig 1a). To further delineate this suspicious lesion, ME combined with narrow-band imaging (NBI) was used. Magnifying endoscopy was performed with a zoom endoscope (GIF-Q260Z; Olympus Hong Kong and China Ltd, China) which has a magnifying power of 80 times. The tip of the endoscope was mounted with a transparent cap for the purpose of focusing. Under ME in combination with NBI, a non-structural area, ie, complete or almost-complete disappearance of gastric crypt epithelium and abnormal mucosal capillary pattern was identified (Fig 1a). Biopsy of the suspicious zone revealed atypical lymphoid ...

0131] FIG. 9 is a view illustrating an example of spectral characteristics of a narrow-band filter 25A and reflectance of objects according to Modification 2-1 of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, in a wavelength band of narrow band light having a center wavelength of 500 nm the reflectance of hemoglobin Hb is higher than the reflectance of residue, and in a wavelength band of narrow band light having a center wavelength of 540 nm the reflectance of hemoglobin Hb is lower than the reflectance of residue. The present embodiment utilizes these reflectance characteristics to raise the accuracy of discrimination based on color tone with respect to capillary vessels and residue. That is, when an image of residue is picked up, since the relationship between the intensities of the signals Rin, Gin and Bin that are inputted to the color discrimination circuit 47 is as shown in the upper section of FIG. 10, the residue is reproduced with a red to orangish hue. In contrast, when an image of a ...

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to be one of the most important environmental hazards acting on the skin. It was revealed that chronic exposure to UVR accelerates skin aging, induces immunosuppression and may lead to the development of skin cancers. On the other hand, UVR has been shown to be effective in the treatment of numerous skin diseases and thus, various phototherapy modalities have been developed to date. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) emitting a light with a peak around 311 nm has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of various skin disorders; currently it is one of the most commonly used phototherapy devices. Despite NB-UVB has been developed more than 30 years ago, the exact mechanism of its therapeutic action remains poorly understood. To date, most of NB-UVB effects were attributed to its influence on immune cells; however, nearly 90% of NB-UVB irradiation is absorbed by epidermis and keratinocytes seem to be important players in mediating NB-UVB biological activity.

The previously reported prevalence of gastric heterotopia in the cervical esophagus, also termed inlet patch (IP), varies substantially, ranging from 0.18 to 14%. Regarding cases with adenocarcinoma within IP, some experts recommend to routinely obtain biopsies from IP for histopathology. Another concern is the reported relation to Barretts esophagus. The objectives of the study were to prospectively determine the prevalence of IP and of preneoplasia within IP, and to investigate the association between IP and Barretts esophagus. 372 consecutive patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy were carefully searched for the presence of IP. Biopsies for histopathology were targeted to the IP, columnar metaplasia of the lower esophagus, gastric corpus and antrum. Different definitions of Barretts esophagus were tested for an association with IP. At least one IP was endoscopically identified in 53 patients (14.5%). Histopathology, performed in 46 patients, confirmed columnar epithelium in 87% of cases,

Presence of a serrated pectoral fin spine; the serrae are very small, and the pectoral fin spine does not possess a locking mechanism (Ref. 51287). The color pattern consists of a series of bands with paler inner part and darkened margins (Ref. 51287). In life, the dark narrow bands are a dark chocolate brown, the dorsum of the head and areas between the narrow bands tan or orangish tan, and the abdomen and other pale areas cream-colored (Ref. 51287). ...

Philips, A.G., manufacturer of the ultraviolet lamps used in Daavlins narrow band UVB phototherapy cabinets, has amassed an exhaustive library of studies from around the world documenting the therapeutic effectiveness and safety benefits of narrow band UVB treatment. This information is available upon request from the Daavlin Company. PUVA PUVA combines a Psoralen drug (the product name is Oxsoralen) with exposure to ultraviolet light A (UVA). Psoralen makes the body very sensitive to UVA rays and comes in oral or topical form. It may be used on a short- term basis to bring a severe or disabling case of psoriasis under control. The main long-term side effect of PUVA is the increased risk of skin cancer. UVA1 UVA1 (340-400nm) is the range of long wavelength ultraviolet light immediately next to visible light in the electromagnetic spectrum. Consequentally, UVA1 photons have the deepest penetration into the body, but the lowest energy per photon of any type of ultraviolet light. UVA1 has many ...

In clinics or hospitals there are larger and stronger apparatus. However, remember that sometimes the dose (amount of light) is not enough because some doctors are afraid of accidental iatrogenic burning. Doctors have various policies. Some prefer scientific approach by measuring the intensity of the apparatus while others prefer riskless and empirical approach starting from very low dose and then increasing gradually. Under the latter doctors, patients might misunderstand that phototherapy is not useful ...

The investigators primary outcome analysis was the histological proof of Barretts epithelium.. The team also assessed the correlation between the presence of Barretts epithelium and the needed number of biopsies to confirm Barretts epithelium for the 2 different procedures.. Magnifying endoscopy enabled the prediction of Barretts epithelium with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 66%, respectively.. The investigators found that acetic acid-guided biopsies obtained 78% of tissues containing Barretts epithelium compared to 57% with random biopsies.. Dr Hoffmans team concludes, Magnifying endoscopy with acetic acid-guided biopsies is superior to standard video endoscopy with random biopsies. The number of biopsies needed to confirm Barretts epithelium is half as much when compared to random biopsies. ...

We know that novel technologies are dramatically improving image quality, which in turn has improved the diagnostic potential of minimally invasive techniques. But we need to review these techniques to fully understand if they deliver a clinical benefit rather than just a clearer image, said Jacques Bergman, MD, PhD, from the Academic Medical Center in the Netherlands and lead author of the study. In our opinion, the subjective improvement of image quality with enhancement techniques may have limited clinical relevance in this particular setting.. In this study, the research team compared images obtained with magnifying high-resolution white light endoscopy (WLE, a standard endoscopic process), narrow band imaging (NBI), indigo carmine chromoendoscopy (ICC) and acetic acid chromoendoscopy (AAC) to determine the best techniques for detailed evaluation of BE characteristics. The team evaluated the improved quality of the images and sought to determine if the addition of these enhancement ...

Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare form of highly malignant adenocarcinoma. It is an epithelial malignancy characterized by the histologic appearance of more than 50% of cells as signet ring cells filled with mucin. The incidence of SRCC is rising,[1],[2] therefore, the diagnosis of these cancers in the early stage is important as it is the only stage that curative measures can be done. A 49-year-old female was hospitalized due to epigastric pain, postprandial bloating for 3 months. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI) showed 1 ...

Radiology and endoscopy:. Barium swallow is considered an inappropriate initial test for evaluation of patients with only heartburn. It has a low sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of GERD. Moreover, barium reflux can be demonstrated in up to 20% of healthy subjects , Up to 50% of patients with GERD will have normal endoscopies. The sensitivity of upper endoscopy in patients with typical GERD symptoms is approximately 30-50% . Nevertheless, upper endoscopy is indicated in patients who have symptoms suggestive of complicated disease or those at risk for Barretts esophagus. The indications for upper endoscopy in patients with GERD are listed in. Considering that the majority of patients with GERD have a normal endoscopy, a variety of novel endoscopic methods such as chromoendoscopy or narrow band imaging have been evaluated in an attempt to detect subtle mucosal abnormalities that cannot be seen with conventional white light endoscopy. (Yoshikawa I,2005). Yoshikawa and colleagues have ...

Radiology and endoscopy:. Barium swallow is considered an inappropriate initial test for evaluation of patients with only heartburn. It has a low sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of GERD. Moreover, barium reflux can be demonstrated in up to 20% of healthy subjects , Up to 50% of patients with GERD will have normal endoscopies. The sensitivity of upper endoscopy in patients with typical GERD symptoms is approximately 30-50% . Nevertheless, upper endoscopy is indicated in patients who have symptoms suggestive of complicated disease or those at risk for Barretts esophagus. The indications for upper endoscopy in patients with GERD are listed in. Considering that the majority of patients with GERD have a normal endoscopy, a variety of novel endoscopic methods such as chromoendoscopy or narrow band imaging have been evaluated in an attempt to detect subtle mucosal abnormalities that cannot be seen with conventional white light endoscopy. (Yoshikawa I,2005). Yoshikawa and colleagues have ...

- The use of high resolution endoscopy (HRE), narrow band imaging (NBI) and chromoendoscopy increases the detection rates of Barretts esophagus (

This thesis examines the role of multi modal imaging in Barretts oesophagus with a focus on detecting dysplasia and early cancer (EC). Firstly, the role of high definition (HD) imaging in routine clinical setting was studied using data from patients who have undergone Barretts· surveillance. The yield of dysplasia by HD endoscopy was compared to standard definition (SD) endoscopy in this study. The role of narrow band imaging (NBI) with magnification in characterising abnormal lesions detected during BO surveillance was evaluated by performing a meta- analysis of clinical studies. The role of autofluorescence imaging (AFI) in Barretts oesophagus was examined in detail with a view to understand the biological basis of autofluorescence and to improve the specificity of this technique as it is associated with significant false positive results in clinical studies. A meta-analysis was performed to identify whether AFI has a clinical advantage over white light endoscopy in detecting Barretts ...

Description: Belly Dancers Costume - Banjara Peoples of India A) Choli (top) - Sleeved, backless top. Deep V-neckline. Short sleeves. Patchwork, using various types, colors, and patterns of fabric. Panels at sides, bottom, and upper breasts/lower front shoulders of rows of various sized mirrors framed in different color stitching. Ties in back. Lined in various fabrics. B) Ghaghra (skirt) - Ankle-length skirt made of horizontal bands of various fabrics. From top: Green waistband; Yellow band with red stitched X forms; Wide band of three rows of small circular mirrors framed in various colors of cloth, the bands divided by a blue and an orange stripe of cloth with stitched X forms; Thin green band with red stitches; Very thin white strip; Pink stripe with center band of yellow/green running across it; Narrow band of various-colored fabric in slightly wavy profile; Black band with center band of various color stitching; White crenelated band; purple band; Wide green section with center wide ...

Body elongate, cylindrical anteriorly, compressed posteriorly, fleshy and smooth. Mouth corner extending to posterior margin of eyes. Lower jaw slightly longer than upper. Lips with fold, symmetrical. Snout depressed and stout. Distance between dorsal fin origin and vent varies from 9.0 to 13.5 per cent of total body length. Head length 11.2 to 11.9 per cent in body length. Upper jaw length contained from 3.7 to 4.3 times in head length. Length of pectoral fin from 2.2 to 3.7 per cent of head length. Teeth small, conical, in cardiform bands on jaws and vomer. Maxillary teeth in a narrow band. Vomerine teeth band slightly broader and longer than (or as long as) that of maxillary (Chen & Weng, 1967). Dorsal and anal fins confluent with caudal fin. Distance between origins of dorsal and anal shorter than head length. Body covered with rudimentary imbedded scales which arranged in small groups and placed obliquely at right angles to those of neighboring groups. Plain-colored, not marbled or mottled. ...

When I first saw David Archibalds video where he stated that most of the carbon dioxide greenhouse effect occurs when the first 20 PPM of CO2 is added to the atmosphere, I thought that claim was totally bogus-it could not be true. But after checking this out, I found that this was an obvious consequence of the narrow band nature of the CO2 absorption spectrum and the fact that, even at 20 PPM, CO2 would be absorbing all radiation leaving the surface of the Earth over most of its preferred absorption bands. Adding more CO2 just lowers the altitude where total absorption occurs and ever so slightly widens the affected band. At current concentration levels, it appears that the raw effect of increasing CO2 in the atmosphere is a one degree C surface temperature increase for each full doubling of the CO2 concentration ...

Aerosols of ozone have been generated in a collisional cooling cell and observed over a small temperature range via FTIR spectroscopy, with the phase transition from the vapour taking place in the range 80-84 K. The condensed phase bands at 1038 cm(-1) (nu3) and 2105 cm(-1) (nu1+nu3) were assigned to the liquid phase. Aerosols were also generated from mixtures of ozone and HCl. In the presence of liquid ozone aerosols, evidence of solvated HCl was observed via a broad IR band 2795 cm(-1). Notably, production of a metastable, amorphous solid phase of HCl (exhibiting a narrow band at 2780 cm(-1)) was favoured to the extent that it could be generated in large excess over the crystalline orthorhombic form that usually dominates at 80 K ...

We have isolated zebrafish nk2.2, a member of the Nk-2 family of homeobox genes. nk2.2 is expressed in a continuous narrow band of cells along a boundary zone demarcating the location at which two of the earliest nuclei in the brain differentiate. This band of cells is located within a few cell diameters of cells expressing the signalling molecule sonic hedgehog/vertebrate hedgehog-1 (shh/vhh-1). Injection of shh/vhh-1 RNA results in ectopic expression of nk2.2 and concomitant abnormalities in the forebrain and eyes. Moreover, cyclops mutant embryos, which initially lack neurectodermal expression of shh/vhh-1, show a concomitant lack of nk2.2 expression. Together, these results suggest a requirement of shh/vhh-1 protein for the spatial regulation of nk2.2 expression.. ...

As though a knife was cutting up and down through heart ; as if head would burst ; eyes feel as if full of little stones ; sensation in lids as of a narrow band drawn tightly across eyeball ; as of a cloud before eyes ; as if top of head was lifted off ; as if flesh was off bones of face, and edges were separated and sticking out ; as of a ball of pain in centre of forehead ; head as if growing externally ; objects appear as if tossed up from below in every direction ; pain in eyes as if from pressure of lids ; as if eyelids were short laterally, causing sensation as of a band pressing upon balls ; as of a large ball rising from a point about lower end of sternum to upper end of sophagus ; as of a stone in abdomen ; as if bones were broken across instep ; as if sheets were damp ; as if cold air was blowing on her ...

Daavlin stocks a wide variety of lamps in UVA, Narrow Band UVB and Broad Band UVB. We are capable of relamping almost any competitor phototherapy unit, as well as any Daavlin unit you may have. See Lamp Specifications. ...

Photometric measurements of Halleys comet at phases around its recent perigee are presented. Narrow band filters isolating C2 Swan band emission and a neighboring continuum, besides the standard UBV,...

The relatively wide band gap (>2.0 eV) and limited light absorption ranges (only up to 600 nm) of photocatalysts severely restrict the exploitation of solar energy. Herein, we developed a Bi₇.₃₈Cr₀.₆₂O₁₂₊ₓ crystal photocatalyst with a narrow band gap of 1.98 eV and a broad light absorption range of ∼650 nm. Unlike other broad light absorption range photocatalysts (up to ∼650 nm) such as red phosph ...

Abstract : The fringing of CCD detectors occurs because of interference between the incident light and the light internally reflected at the interfaces between the thin layers of the CCD chip. Knowing the construction of the CCD, namely the materials composing the layers, their refractive index variation with wavelength and their thicknesses, the resulting fringe amplitude can be calculated from geometrical optics. Malamuth et al. (2003) have applied this technique to the STIS CCD. The topmost layer, which is the detection layer and composed of Silicon, defines the most varying fringing with wavelength; the lower layers control the envelope of the fringing amplitude with wavelength. Modelling of the layer structure of the ACS HRC and WFC CCD s is described. The HRC (SITe) chip is a copy of the STIS one and so has a similar structure, but the WFC (also SITe) chip has proprietary construction. During the ACS ground testing at Ball Aerospace, a series of narrow band flat fields at wavelengths from ...

0013] Prior art orthosis-based devices for the leg such as the WalkAide® device operate with relatively small electrodes typically having a diameter of 25-30 mm and a surface area in contact with the skin of no more than about 5-7 cm2 positioned relatively close together in the orthosis. This enables the orthosis to take the form of a relatively narrow band to accommodate the small electrodes and separation. However, activation of the leg muscles by electrical stimulation requires typically high stimulation currents. But the stimulation current passing through the electrode to the skin surface activates skin sensory receptors in addition to underlying excitable motor nerve and muscle tissue and the intensity of sensory activation will depend on the intensity of the current density passing through the skin surface. The level of muscle activation is often limited in the typical patient by his individual tolerance to activation of these skin pain sensors. For these patients, it would be ...

Astro images nebula galaxy astroimage astroimages moon sun saturn planets narrowband RGB photos space star stars avaruus galaksi teleskooppi telescope Astronomical imaging from Finland. 3D-nebulae from the 2D-images. Anaglyph Red/Cyan 3D-images. Stereo pair images in two formats, Parallel and cross vision. Narrow band imaging, O-III, S-II and H-alpha. LRGB-images UFO star trek.

Astro images nebula galaxy astroimage astroimages moon sun saturn planets narrowband RGB photos space star stars avaruus galaksi teleskooppi telescope Astronomical imaging from Finland. 3D-nebulae from the 2D-images. Anaglyph Red/Cyan 3D-images. Stereo pair images in two formats, Parallel and cross vision. Narrow band imaging, O-III, S-II and H-alpha. LRGB-images UFO star trek.

The complete programme of products to ensure quick, comfortable and durable splints every time.. The complete kit contains -. F-Splint Aid - Impregnated, multi layer splinting material, 120mm length.. F-Splint Aid Slim - Narrow band, perfect for post orthodontic retainers, 120mm length.. Fiber Etch - Etching agent, 3g & 10 tips.. Fiber Bond - Bonding agent, 3ml.. Fiber Flow - Composite, 2g & 10 tips.. Clip & Splint, 10 pcs.. ...

Hemolytic streptococci produce more or less severe inflammations of the udders of cows. Frequently infected quarters are swollen, firm, hot, and tender. In a number of instances it has not been possible to detect gross changes in the mammary gland.. The streptococci isolated from the invaded quarters have produced clear zones of hemolysis immediately surrounding the colonies when cultivated in horse blood agar plate cultures. The hemolytic zone has varied from a clear, narrow band up to zones 1.7 to 2 mm. wide.. When the streptococci are classified according to their action upon carbohydrates, they fall into two broad groups: the larger consists of nineteen strains fermenting dextrose, lactose, saccharose, maltose, and salicin; and a smaller number comprising ten species produces acid in dextrose, lactose, saccharose, and maltose and fails to ferment salicin. One of the non-salicin-fermenting strains did not attack saccharose. In no instance was acid production noted in raffinose, inulin, or ...

Of this made or synthesized cholesterol, our liver synthesizes about 20% of it and the remaining 80% is synthesized by other cells in our bodies. The synthesis of cholesterol is a complex four-step process (with 37 individual steps) that I will not cover here (though I will revisit), but I want to point out how tightly regulated this process is, with multiple feedback loops. In other words, the body works very hard (and very smart) to ensure cellular cholesterol levels are within a pretty narrow band (the overall process is called cholesterol homeostasis). Excess cellular cholesterol will crystalize and cause cellular apoptosis (programmed cell death). Plasma cholesterol levels (which is what clinicians measure with standard cholesterol tests) often have little to do with cellular cholesterol, especially artery cholesterol, which is what we really care about. For example, when cholesterol intake is decreased, the body will synthesize more cholesterol and/or absorb (i.e., recycle) more ...

The Adelaide Hills is Australias most vibrant cool climate wine region. With over 90 wine labels and 50 cellar doors, it is acknowledged internationally for its distinctive premium wines, viticulture and stunning scenery. The region is located in the Mount Lofty Ranges east of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. Stretching in a narrow band approximately 70km long, the highest vineyards are sited between 600-650 metres altitude in areas such as Crafers, Summertown, Piccadilly and Carey Gully. The Adelaide Hills is one of the largest geographical wine regions in Australia, and amongst the most diverse in terms of climate, soil and topography. The region consists of two registered sub-regions, Lenswood and Piccadilly Valley. ...

Vietnams Demilitarized Zone, or DMZ, is the area around the former border between North and South Vietnam. Historically it was a narrow band of terrain extending from the Laos border to the coast, five km on either side of the Ben Hai River, roughly on the 17th parallel north latitude.

The redwood forests in northern California exist in a narrow band along the Pacific Ocean that starts in southern Oregon and extends all the way to 150 miles south of San Francisco. Many of the ...

In the far infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, 15-3000 μm in wavelength, there is a lack of narrow band sources. The Cerenkov free electron laser (CFEL) shows promise to fill this gap. The Cerenkov resonator was analyzed theoretically ...

Stimuli were generated by ATTR software, see Figure 1 for examples of stimuli (Hudak et al., 2019; Lister et al., 2011; Lister et al., 2006). The stimuli consist of narrow band noise geometrically centered on 1 or 2 kHz. The leading noise burst is 300 ms in length and the following noise burst varies between 250 ms and 350 ms. For each trial, a standard stimulus and target stimulus are presented to the listener. In the standard stimulus, a 1 ms gap separates two noise bursts so that similar gating transients are present in both the standard and the target stimuli (in which the size of the gap separating the noise bursts is varied adaptively). The order of presentation of standard and target stimuli is varied randomly. The listener is instructed to select the target stimulus, and the smallest detectable gap is determined (Lister et al., 2006). The ATTR consists of two subtests: the within-channel (WC) subtest in which both noise bursts are centered on 2 kHz and the across-channel (AC) subtest in ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Magnitude scaling of the near fault rupture directivity pulse. AU - Somerville, Paul G.. PY - 2003/5/15. Y1 - 2003/5/15. N2 - Current ground motion models all assume monotonically increasing spectral amplitude at all periods with increasing magnitude. However, near fault recordings from recent earthquakes confirm that the near fault fault-normal forward rupture directivity velocity pulse is a narrow band pulse whose period increases with magnitude. This magnitude dependence of the period of the near fault pulse is expected from theory, because the period of the pulse is related to source parameters such as the rise time (duration of slip at a point on the fault) and the fault dimensions, which generally increase with magnitude. This magnitude dependence of the pulse period causes the response spectrum to have a peak whose period increases with magnitude, such that the near fault ground motions from smaller earthquakes may exceed those of larger earthquakes at intermediate periods ...

The far infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, 15-3000 μm in wavelength, has a paucity of narrow band laser sources. To address the issue of whether a grating based free electron laser could operate well as such a source, a grating ...

Root pain begins in the low back, and shoots down the leg in a narrow band like electricity. In most cases, root pain is the result of inflammation of a nerve root. Steroids reduce inflammation. Since the nerve roots are in the epidural space, epidural steroid injection can therefore reduce root pain by reducing inflammation. The problem is that epidural steroid injections last for about 100 hours, while root pain last more than 12 weeks in half the cases. Common sense has confirmed a number of studies which show epidural injection is not a good treatment for root pain. However, 100 hours of relief is better than nothing at all, and even temporary relief of the pain confirms it is really coming from the nerve root, and not some other source. At Phoenix Spine & Joint, we use epidural injection as a test to confirm the cause of your pain. And we hope you have a great 100 hours, as well.. ...

Even mammals, including humans, show the segmented bilaterian body plan at the level of the nervous system. The spinal cord contains a series of segmental ganglia, each giving rise to motor and sensory nerves that innervate a portion of the body surface and underlying musculature. On the limbs, the layout of the innervation pattern is complex, but on the trunk it gives rise to a series of narrow bands. The top three segments belong to the brain, giving rise to the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.[9] Bilaterians can be divided, based on events that occur very early in embryonic development, into two groups (superphyla) called protostomes and deuterostomes.[10] Deuterostomes include vertebrates as well as echinoderms and hemichordates (mainly acorn worms). Protostomes, the more diverse group, include arthropods, molluscs, and numerous types of worms. There is a basic difference between the two groups in the placement of the nervous system within the body: protostomes possess a nerve cord on the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Fototerapia con raggi ultravioletti in dermatologia pediatrica. AU - Di Lernia, Vito. PY - 2007/4/30. Y1 - 2007/4/30. N2 - Phototherapy consists in using artificial ultraviolet rays to treat chronic or chronic-recidivant dermatosis. It can be performed by adding exogenous photo-senisibilizers (PUVA and bath-PUVA) or without adding them (UBV). The latter possibility, in particular phototherapy with narrow band UBV rays, thanks to a favourable benefits/risks ratio, can be carried out with the due cautions also in paediatric age. In particular it may represent a useful therapeutic choice in psoriasis, atopical dermatitis and in vitiligo. In psoriasis the treatment can be performed in case of a diffused area, when the usage of topicals becomes problematic. In atopical dermatitis, especially in sub-acute and chronic cases, phototherapy with UVB, besides reducing itching, can have beneficial effects on the barrier function of cutis. At present it represents the first class treatment ...

Your eyes are sensitive to a narrow band of frequencies referred to as the, visible light spectrum. Visible light-light capable of being seen by the human eye -consists of wavelengths of varying lengths.. Blue light has a very short wavelength and is detectable by the human eye. Not only does it provide basic illumination to our worlds, blue light also helps to increase feelings of well-being. But exposure to large amounts of blue light can be harmful to the eyes.. The plethora of electronic devices in use today, such as cell phones, tablets, and laptop computers, has drastically increased our exposure to blue light. Another source of blue light is energy efficient technology in the form of fluorescent light bulbs and LED lights. Research has determined that the lens inside the eye, and the pigment in the back of the eye, offer some protection against blue light. But this protective mechanism only lasts for short period of exposure to the intense blue light, and during daylight hours.. Perhaps ...