How much of 14:0 tetradecanoic, myristic, common saturated fatty acid is present in Chicken, fryers or broilers, thigh, meat plus skin, cooked, roasted in details, quantity how high or low 14:0 tetradecanoic, myristic, common saturated fatty acid nutrient content it has.

How much of 14:0 tetradecanoic, myristic, common saturated fatty acid is present in Chicken roasting, meat plus skin, cooked, roasted in details, quantity how high or low 14:0 tetradecanoic, myristic, common saturated fatty acid nutrient content it has.

CIR Safety Review: The CIR Expert Panel recognizes that the salts of Myristic Acid dissociate to form Myristic Acid and esters of Myristic Acid are hydrolyzed to their corresponding alcohols and Myristic Acid which are then further metabolized. Myristic Acid is a digestible constituent of most vegetable and animal fats and is nontoxic when ingested. Following oral exposure, Butyl Myristate and Ethyl Myristate were not toxic. Dermal exposure indicated that Myristic Acid and Butyl Myristate were not irritating. Myristic Acid, Isopropyl Myristate and Myristyl Myristate were minimally irritating to the eyes. Ethyl Myristate, Glyceryl Myristate and Isopropyl Myristate were not sensitizers. Isopropyl Myristate was negative in genotoxicity tests and was not carcinogenic.. Based on the structural similarities of these compounds, and the knowledge that in the body similar metabolites are formed, the CIR Expert Panel concluded that Myristic Acid, Aluminum Dimyristate, Aluminum Isostearates/Myristate, ...

Myristoylation is a lipidation modification where a myristoyl group, derived from myristic acid, is covalently attached by an amide bond to the alpha-amino group of an N-terminal glycine residue. Myristic acid is a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid (14:0) with the systematic name of n-Tetradecanoic acid. This modification can be added either co-translationally or post-translationally. N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) catalyzes the myristic acid addition reaction in the cytoplasm of cells. This lipidation event is common among many organisms including animals, plants, fungi, protozoans and viruses. Myristoylation allows for weak protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions and plays an essential role in membrane targeting, protein-protein interactions and functions widely in a variety of signal transduction pathways. In 1982, Koiti Titanis lab identified an N-terminal blocking group on the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase from cow as n-Tetradecanoyl. Almost simultaneously in ...

The mechanisms by which proteins are targeted to the membrane of eukaryotic flagella and cilia are largely uncharacterized. We have identified a new family of small myristoylated proteins (SMPs) that are present in Leishmania spp and related trypanosomatid parasites. One of these proteins, termed SMP-1, is targeted to the Leishmania flagellum. SMP-1 is myristoylated and palmitoylated in vivo, and mutation of Gly-2 and Cys-3 residues showed that both fatty acids are required for flagellar localization. SMP-1 is associated with detergent-resistant membranes based on its recovery in the buoyant fraction after Triton X-100 extraction and sucrose density centrifugation and coextraction with the major surface glycolipids in Triton X-114. However, the flagellar localization of SMP-1 was not affected when sterol biosynthesis and the properties of detergent-resistant membranes were perturbed with ketoconazole. Remarkably, treatment of Leishmania with ketoconazole and myriocin (an inhibitor of ...

Peng, B.; Voltan, R.; Cristillo, A.D.; Alvord, W.Gregory.; Davis-Warren, A.; Zhou, Q.; Murthy, K.K.; Robert-Guroff, M., 2006: Replicating Ad-recombinants encoding non-myristoylated rather than wild-type HIV Nef elicit enhanced cellular immunity

Glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 1 also known as myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase 1 (NMT-1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NMT1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136448 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020936 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Mouse PubMed Reference:. Duronio RJ, Reed SI, Gordon JI (May 1992). Mutations of human myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase cause temperature-sensitive myristic acid auxotrophy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 89 (9): 4129-33. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.4129. PMC 525646 . PMID 1570339. Entrez Gene: NMT1 N-myristoyltransferase 1. Rajala RV, Datla RS, Moyana TN, et al. (2000). N-myristoyltransferase. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 204 (1-2): 135-55. doi:10.1023/A:1007012622030. PMID 10718634. Geyer M, Fackler OT, Peterlin BM (2001). Structure--function relationships in HIV-1 Nef. EMBO Rep. 2 (7): 580-5. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kve141. PMC 1083955 . ...

Buy Myristic Acid ethyl ester (CAS 124-06-1), a 16 carbon saturated fatty acid, from Santa Cruz. Purity: ≥98%, Molecular Formula: C16H32O2, MW: 256.42

Using 5-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, we have identified an extended 5-end of mRNA coding for human myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (NMT). PCR using primers based on this new 5-sequence and reverse primers within the currently accepted coding sequence of the enzyme resulted in the identification of a novel splice variant of NMT. In vitro translation of these cDNAs resulted in the production of proteins with apparent molecular masses of 63 kDa and 48 kDa. Immunoprecipitation of NMT from human cell lines and immunoblotting of a range of rat tissues has identified proteins with molecular masses corresponding to those derived from these cDNAs, and provided evidence that their relative abundance differs among tissues. Our results provide evidence that this enzyme exists in different forms resulting from alternative splicing of the mRNA ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Myristylation and palmitylation of HSV-1 UL11 are not essential for its function. AU - Baird, Nicholas L.. AU - Starkey, Jason L.. AU - Hughes, David J.. AU - Wills, John W.. PY - 2010/2/5. Y1 - 2010/2/5. N2 - All herpesviruses encode a homolog of the herpes simplex virus type-1 UL11 tegument protein. Deletion of UL11 disrupts virus envelopment, causes capsid accumulation within the cytoplasm, and reduces virus release. UL11 requires acylation with myristate and palmitate for membrane binding, lipid raft trafficking, and accumulation at the site of virus envelopment. Thus, it was predicted that acylation of UL11 would be necessary for efficient virion production, similar to HIV-1 Gag which requires myristylation for virus production. Accordingly, recombinant viruses were created to express UL11 derivatives that are not acylated, are partially acylated, or contain foreign acylation signals. Unexpectedly, the non-acylated UL11 rescued some growth defects of a UL11-null mutant, even ...

Use the Advanced Search limited to the Perspectives section, to find Perspective articles. Alternatively, the Perspectives and the Perspectives Archive can be accessed from the Literature section of the site.. An example of the proper citation format for a Perspective published prior to January 2008 is shown below:. H. R. de Jonge, B. Hogema, B. C. Tilly, Protein N-myristoylation: Critical role in apoptosis and salt tolerance. Sci. STKE 2000, pe1 (2000).. An example of the proper citation format for a Perspective published after the title change to Science Signaling in January 2008 is shown below:. H. R. de Jonge, B. Hogema, B. C. Tilly, Protein N-myristoylation: Critical role in apoptosis and salt tolerance. Science Signaling 1, pe1 (2008). ...

BioAssay record AID 144067 submitted by ChEMBL: Tested for Inhibitory concentration against human N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) in radiochemical HPLC end point assay with peptide GNAASARR-NH2 and [3H]myristoyl-CoA radioligand at 1 uM; ND=Not determined.

Hi all, I want to detect a protein, which has a number of potential motifs potentially useful for detection ! These include sulfation, asn_glycosylation, myristylation and amidation. Is it easy to detect these modification sites and if yes, how do I do this ? Sulfation I have figured out: just add 32S (as H2SO3) to the culture and it (apparently) works. People here have some experience with that already. An additional problem is that I would like to be able to detect by pulse chase the protein amongst total cellular proteins, so f.i. what percentage of proteins is sulfated ? could you reply by e-mail directly as well ? Thanks, clemens suter-crazzolara, anatomy, heidelberg ...

A 16-residue synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of p60src was used as the acyl acceptor in an assay for myristoyl-CoA:glycylpeptide N-myristoyltransferase in rat tissues. An additional C-terminal tyrosine amide was added to this peptide to facilitate radioiodination and enhance detectability. Reverse-phase h.p.l.c. enabled the simultaneous detection and quantification of the peptide substrate and its N-myristoylated product. N-Myristoyltransferase activity was highest in the brain with decreasing activities in lung, small intestine, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle and liver. Brain activity was distributed approximately equally between the 100,000 g pellet and supernatant fractions. The soluble enzyme exhibited a Kappm of 20 microM for the src peptide and an optimum between pH 7.0 and 7.5. Maximum N-acylating activity was seen with myristoyl (C14:0)-CoA with lower activities found with the C10:0-CoA and C12:0-CoA homologues. No activity was obtained with palmitoyl ...

Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular and viral proteins. Required for normal embryogenesis.

Summary We report the identification of fatty acids as mediators of intercellular signalling inPseudomonas putida, and betweenPseudomonas aeruginosaandP. putida. Tetradecanoic acid and fatty acids of similar chain length are present in supernatants of these strains and activate population density-d...

sized amount, massage in and remove with water.. Package: Tube. INGREDIENT HIGHLIGHTS:. Beeswax, Mild Surfactants. INCIS. Aqua (Water), Glycerin, Potassium Myristate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Potassium Laurate, Myristic Acid, Cera Alba (Beeswax), Glyceryl Stearate SE, PEG ...

N-myristoylation is a cotranslational modification involved in protein-protein interactions as well as in anchoring polypeptides to phospholipid bilayers; however, its role in targeting proteins to specific subcellular compartments has not been clearly defined. The mammalian myristoylated flavoenzyme NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase is integrated into ER and mitochondrial outer membranes via an anchor containing a stretch of 14 uncharged amino acids downstream to the NH2-terminal myristoylate glycine. Since previous studies suggested that the anchoring function could be adequately carried out by the 14 uncharged residues, we investigated a possible role for myristic acid in reductase targeting. The wild type (wt) and a nonmyristoylatable reductase mutant (gly2--,ala) were stably expressed in MDCK cells, and their localization was investigated by immunofluorescence, immuno-EM, and cell fractionation. By all three techniques, the wt protein localized to ER and mitochondria, while the nonmyristoylated ...

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প্রয়োজনীয় তেল (Essential oil), নিকট্যান্থিন (nyctanthin), ডি-মানিটল (d-mannitol), ট্যানিন ও গ্লুকোজ (tannin and glucose), ক্যারোটিনয়েড (carotenoid), গ্লুকোসিডেজ (glycosides) যেমন- মনোজেন্টিওবায়োসিডেজ আলফা ক্রোদিটিনের এস্টার (β-monogentiobioside ester of α - crocetin or crocin-3), বিটা-মনোজেনোবায়োসাইড আলফা ক্রোসিটিন ক্যারোটিন এর বিটা-ডি মনোগ্লুকোসাইড এস্টার (β-monogentiobioside -β-D monoglucoside ester of α-crocetin), β-digentiobioside ester of α-crocetin (or crocin-1).. বীজ (Seeds): Arbortristoside A&B, Glycerides of linoleic oleic, lignoceric, stearic, palmitic and myristic acids, nyctanthic acid, 3-4 ...

The aim of the present study was to compare the transphosphatidylation activity of phospholipase D (PLD) under different substrate labeling conditions, in order to investigate whether PLD in rat Leydig cells exhibited any substrate preferences for the alkyl- or acyl-form of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). The [H] phosphatidylethanol formation in response to 4ß-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), sphingosine, or Ca-ionophore A23187, was lower when Leydig cells were labeled with 1-O-[H]alkyl lysoPtdCho compared with the responses when [H]myristic acid was employed. In contrast, the results for the receptor agonists (vasopressin, bradykinin, and lysophosphatidic acid), using the two labels, showed mole consistency. Thus, the PLD-activity induced by PMA, sphingosine, or A23187 has a more selective substrate range (i.e. mainly acyl-linked PtdCho) than the PLD-activity stimulated via a receptor. Our data suggests the existence of PLD isozymes that differ with respect to substrate specificity and ...

Plasma membrane targeting of Ras requires CAAX motif modifications together with a second signal from an adjacent polybasic domain or nearby cysteine palmitoylation sites. N-terminal myristoylation is known to restore membrane binding to H-ras C186S (C-186 is changed to S), a mutant protein in which all CAAX processing is abolished. We show here that myristoylated H-ras C186S is a substrate for palmitoyltransferase, despite the absence of C-terminal farnesylation, and that palmitoylation is absolutely required for plasma membrane targeting of myristoylated H-ras. Similarly, the polybasic domain is required for specific plasma membrane targeting of myristoylated K-ras. In contrast, the combination of myristoylation plus farnesylation results in the mislocalization of Ras to numerous intracellular membranes. Ras that is only myristoylated does not bind with a high affinity to any membrane. The specific targeting of Ras to the plasma membrane is therefore critically dependent on signals that are ...

The Breast tumor kinase Brk is a prototypical non-myristoylated, non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Brk expression is epithelial-specific and ,in normal tissues, restricted to cells exiting the cell cycle and undergoing terminal differentiation. To determine the biological role of Brk in the gastrointestinal tract, we disrupted mouse brk by homologous recombination. Loss of Brk in the mouse resulted in increased intestinal epithelial cell turnover and the appearance of longer small intestinal villi. Brk deficient mice displayed enhanced accumulation of nuclear (-catenin and upregulation of the (-catenin target gene c-myc in the crypt compartment of small and large intestine. In addition, Brk deficient mice exhibited increased Akt kinase activity. Even though, there was no corresponding difference in base-line apoptosis in untreated wild-type and knockout animals. However, subjected to (-irradiation, Brk deficient animals were significantly impaired in the apoptotic response. Wild-type mice, however, ...

BioAssay record AID 143943 submitted by ChEMBL: The compound was tested for the affinity against Candida albicans N-myristoyltransferase (NMT).

Speaking of DMPC phospholipids, you should not be unfamiliar with the product name dimyristoyl lecithin. This synthetic phospholipid with a PC content of 99 has many applications. One of them is photo...

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Beneficial effects of myristic ,stearic or oleic acid as part of liposomes on experimental infection & antitumour effect in a murine model ...

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Background: Although suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States and represents a significant public health threat, little is known about the neurobiological or molecular factors that contribute to its pathophysiology. A number of studies now indicate that lithium has considerable efficacy in the prevention of suicide in patients with affective disorders, and accumulating evidence indicates that protein kinase C (PKC) and its substrates, in particular the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), are primary targets of chronic lithium treatment. We therefore hypothesized that a dysregulation in MARCKS expression in key brain regions could contribute to the pathophysiology associated with suicide. To address this, we examined MARCKS, as well as the closely related MARCKS-related protein (MRP), mRNA expression in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of suicide victims and normal controls. Method: MARCKS and MRP mRNA expression was assessed by quantitative ...

Palms Resources is a leading supplier of vegetable based stearic acid, Oleic Acid 75, palm fatty acid distillates, caprylic capric acid, lauric and myristic acid in USA, Mexico & Nigeria. Call us: +65 6226 0676.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Creation and expression of myristylated forms of Rous sarcoma virus Gag protein in mammalian cells. AU - Wills, John. AU - Craven, Rebecca. AU - Achacoso, J. A.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), a member of the avian sarcoma and leukosis family of retroviruses, has long been known to be capable of infecting and transforming mammalian cells; however, such transformed cells do not release virus particles. The RSV gag product (Pr76(gag)) produced in these cells is not released into the culture medium or proteolytically processed to release mature products. Thus, the behavior of Pr76(gag) in mammalian cells is much like that of mammalian retroviral Gag proteins which have been altered so as to block the addition of myristic acid at residue 2 (Gly). Because the RSV gag product does not possess a myristic acid addition site, we hypothesized that the creation of one by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis might permit particles to be released from mammalian cells. ...

File scanned at 300 ppi (Monochrome, 24-bit Color) using Capture Perfect 3.0.82 on a Canon DR-9080C in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 4.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR ...

PC(14:0/16:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(14:0/16:0), in particular, consists of one chain of myristic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of palmitic acid at the C-2 position. The myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter, while the palmitic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, milk fats, vegetable oils and animal fats. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution ...

PC(18:1(11Z)/14:0) is a phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PC(18:1(11Z)/14:0), in particular, consists of one chain of vaccenic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of myristic acid at the C-2 position. The vaccenic acid moiety is derived from butter fat and animal fat, while the myristic acid moiety is derived from nutmeg and butter. Phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling.While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 ...

Vector control is facing a threat due to emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Compounds that mediate the oviposition of mosquitoes: a possible sustainable tool for the control and monitoring of Culicidae. The present study to evaluate o

Browse Fatty Acids - Fractionated, Distilled, Hydrogenated in the McKinley Resources catalog including Caprylic/Capric Acid,Lauric Acid (C-12),Myristic Acid,Oleic Acid,Palmitic Acid,Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate,Stearic Acid

Water, myristic acid, lauric acid, BG, hydroxylated K, glycerin, palmitic acid, glycol distearate, sodium lauraminodiacetate, PEG-3 coconut fatty acid amide MEA sodium sulfate, sorbitan stearate, lauramide DEA, polyquaternium-51, peppercorn Bud extract, Hamamelis extract, Arch chalk leaf extract, Neubara fruit extract,

According to Scollan et al. (2006), the predominant SFAs in beef are C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0, with C18:0 representing approximately 30 % of the total of SFAs. Among these, the myristic acids (C14:0) and palmitic acids (C16:0) are the fatty acids that deserve the most attention for being considered as hypercholesterolemic (Wood et al., 2003), which makes the reduction in the content of these fatty acids interesting in beef. The C16:0 concentration averaged 25.8 % (Table 5), which was similar to the result (24.9 %) found in heifers fed with different energy sources in diets based on cottonseed hulls and soybeans by Kazama et al. (2008). Similar values for fatty acids C14:0 (2.52 %), C16:0 (23.46 %) and C18:0 (15.44 %) were reported by Silva et al. (2002).. Although the saturated fat in beef may contribute to the elevation of cholesterol content circulating in humans, fats rich in stearic acid did not show these characteristics. C18:0 is considered to be neutral in the control of plasma cholesterol ...

see category justification The test available for lauric acid (C12: CAS 143 -07 -7) was conducted according to the OECD guideline 211 under GLP-conditions (NITE, 2001). In the semi-static experiment different concentrations of the substance were tested over a period of 21 days. The study results in a nominal NOEC of 0.47 mg/L which based on the cumulative number of juveniles produced per adult. Myristic acid (C14: CAS 544 -63 -8) was tested in a chronic test according to OECD 211 in compliance with GLP over 21 days (NITE, 2003c). In the study the limit of water solubility under test conditions is reported to be 0.34 mg/L. Due to the low water solubility, a solvent was used to presolve the test material. Different concentrations were tested using a semi-static test design. The study resulted in a measured NOEC of 0.31 mg/L. Thus within the water solubility range given in the study no adverse effects of the test substance on reproduction could be determined. Nevertheless chronic effects of ...

Volume 180ml Ingredients Water, Myristic Acid, Butylene Glycol, Lauric Acid, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Potassium Hydroxide, Glycol Distearate, Glycerin, Sodi

As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.

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Incoming Parent Checklist Work your way through this handy checklist to make sure all of the steps have been completed before your child enters NMT. ...

So Im two and a half weeks in and progress has been good. While most people tend to get much worse before they get better, it seems I went through the

MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) is a major cytoskeletal protein substrate of PKC (protein kinase C) whose cellular functions are still unclear. However numerous studies have implicated MARCKS in the stabilization of cytoskeletal structures during cell differentiation. The present study was performed to investigate the potential role of Ca2+-dependent proteinases (calpains) during myogenesis via proteolysis of MARCKS. It was first demonstrated that MARCKS is a calpain substrate in vitro. Then, the subcellular expression of MARCKS was examined during the myogenesis process. Under such conditions, there was a significant decrease in MARCKS expression associated with the appearance of a 55 kDa proteolytic fragment at the time of intense fusion. The addition of calpastatin peptide, a specific calpain inhibitor, induced a significant decrease in the appearance of this fragment. Interestingly, MARCKS proteolysis was dependent of its phosphorylation by the conventional PKCα. ...

The contribution of linked background genes to the phenotype of mutant mice has been documented (7) as have the significant behavioral differences between inbred mouse strains (6). The 129Sv strain used in the generation of our mutant mice exhibit IP-MF hypoplasia (2) and impaired spatial learning in the Morris water maze (6). In our study, comparison of 129B6(N3) mice, which posses on average 12.5% residual 129Sv-linked genes; 129B6(N9) mice, which posses on average 0.2% residual 129Sv-linked genes; and inbred C57BL/6J mice, which possess no 129Sv-linked genes, revealed the significant contribution of 129Sv background genes to the phenotype. First, mutant 129B6(N3) mice, but not mutant 129B6(N9) mice, exhibited a significant elevation in hippocampal PKCɛ expression relative to wild-type controls. Second, wild-type 129B6(N3) mice exhibited significant IP-MF hypoplasia relative to both inbred C57BL/6J and wild-type 129B6(N9) mice, which is consistent with the 129Sv phenotype (2), and likely ...

An additional series of mutational analyses revealed a fine specificity for the lipopeptide recognition by the T cells. The 5-mer Nef peptide conjugated with a shorter (C10) saturated fatty acid (C10-GGAIS) showed reduced T cell stimulation activity compared with C14nef5, and no T cell response was detected for C6-GGAIS (Fig. 1F), further confirming that the peptide modification with a fatty acid of the C14 chain length (myristic acid) was essential for activation of the 2N5.1 cells. The N-terminal amino acid sequence (GGAIS) of the Nef protein matches with a typical N-myristoylation motif, Gly-X-X-X-(Ser/Thr), in which X is any amino acid (3). Whereas the serine-to-threonine substitution (C14-GGAIT) did not affect the antigenic activity, alanine substitution for either the second glycine residue (C14-GAAIS) or the isoleucine residue (C14-GGAAS) located between the conserved flanking amino acid residues totally abrogated the activity (Fig. 1F). Furthermore, addition of an amide linkage to the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Myristylation and amino-terminal phosphorylation are required for activation of pp60(c-src) during mitosis. AU - Kaech, S.. AU - Schnierle, B.. AU - Wyss, A.. AU - Ballmer-Hofer, K.. PY - 1993/1/1. Y1 - 1993/1/1. N2 - pp60(c-src), a cellular tyrosine kinase homologous to the retroviral v-src oncogene, becomes transiently activated during mitosis. Activation is accompanied by phosphorylation of three sites in the amino-terminal regulatory domain of the protein, threonine 34, threonine 46 and serine 72. These sites can be phosphorylated in vitro by a cell cycle-regulated kinase, p34(cdc2), yet this does not result in increased kinase activity of pp60(c-src). pp60(c-src) is negatively regulated by phosphorylation at tyrosine 527, and it has been shown that this site is transiently dephosphorylated in mitotic cells. The importance of tyrosine 527 in the regulation of pp60(c-src) is also emphasized by the fact that oncogenic mutants of pp60(src) lacking tyrosine 527 are constitutively ...

One of the bodys most important organs is the kidney. Properly functioning kidneys are essential for maintaining proper blood volume and composition; for filtering and excreting or saving various chemical metabolites; and for helping to maintain proper blood pressure. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is known to result from improperly functioning kidneys. Research carried out during the last few years indicates that both saturated fat and cholesterol play important roles in maintaining kidney function, as do the omega-3 fatty acids.. The kidneys need stable fats both for their cushioning and as their energy source. We know that the kidney fat normally has a higher concentration of the important saturated fatty acids than are found in any of the other fat depots. These saturated fatty acids are myristic acid (the 14-carbon saturate), palmitic acid (the 16-carbon saturate), and stearic acid (the 18-carbon saturate). When we consume various polyunsaturated fatty acids in large amounts, they are ...

Using video fluorescence microscopy and Golgi proteins tagged with variants of GFP, it has been possible to follow the duplication of the Golgi apparatus in the protozoan parasite T. brucei. A matrix protein and a putative enzyme were chosen for study because in mammals there is evidence that these two types of Golgi protein can behave differently during certain phases of the Golgi life cycle (Seemann et al., 2000, 2002). The GRASP family of matrix proteins has been implicated in cisternal stacking and other signaling events. A single homologue was identified by searching the T. brucei genome that was most similar to mammalian GRASP55 and had the same domain structure: a predicted NH2-terminal myristic acid that aids membrane binding; a highly homologous NH2-terminal region (50% identity) that in mammals binds to the coiled-coil matrix protein GM130 (Barr et al., 1998); and a poorly conserved COOH-terminal region, rich in serines and prolines, which in mammals is thought to mediate mitotic ...

CL(14:0/14:0/18:1(11Z)/22:0) is a cardiolipin (CL). Cardiolipins are sometimes called a double phospholipid because they have four fatty acid tails, instead of the usual two. CL(14:0/14:0/18:1(11Z)/22:0) contains two chains of tetradecanoic acid at the C1 and C2 positions, one chain of (11Z-octadecenoyl) at the C3 position, one chain of docosanoic acid at the C4 position. While the theoretical charge of cardiolipins is -2, under normal physiological conditions (pH near 7), the molecule may carry only one negative charge. In prokaryotes such as E. coli, the enzyme known as diphosphatidylglycerol synthase catalyses the transfer of the phosphatidyl moiety of one phosphatidylglycerol to the free 3-hydroxyl group of another, with the elimination of one molecule of glycerol. In E. coli, which acylates its glycerophospholipids with acyl chains ranging in length from 12 to 18 carbons and possibly containing an unsaturation, or a cyclopropane group more than 100 possible CL molecular species are ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lipid modifications of G protein subunits. T2 - Myristoylation of G(oα) increases its affinity for βγ. AU - Linder, M. E.. AU - Pang, I. H.. AU - Duronio, R. J.. AU - Gordon, J. I.. AU - Sternweis, P. C.. AU - Gilman, A. G.. PY - 1991. Y1 - 1991. N2 - Myristoylated recombinant proteins can be synthesized in Escherichia coli by concurrent expression of the enzyme myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyl-transferase with its protein substrates (Duronio, R.J., Jackson-Machelski, E., Heuckeroth, R.O., Olins, P.O., Devine, C.S., Yonemoto, W., Slice, L.W., Taylor, S. S., and Gordon, J.I. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 1506-1510). Expression of the G protein subunit G(oα) in this system results in the synthesis of two forms of the protein; these were separated on a column of heptylamine-Sepharose. Purification of the more abundant form of G(oα) yielded a product that has a blocked amino terminus. Chemical analysis of the fatty acids released by acid hydrolysis of the protein ...

A tyrosine-specific protein kinase encoded by the v-src oncogene of ROUS SARCOMA VIRUS. The transforming activity of pp60(v-src) depends on both the lack of a critical carboxy-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation site at position 527, and the attachment of pp60(v-src) to the plasma membrane which is accomplished by myristylation of its N-terminal glycine ...

Mice. The following transgenic mouse alleles were used: Ctnnb1dm (25), Ctnnb1flex3 (41), Lrp5- (21), Lrp6CKO (23), BAT-gal (40), Tcf4CKO (64), Tie2-Cre (24), Pdgfb-CreER (26), Fz4- (65), Fz4CKO (9), and NdpKO (9). The R26-LSL-tdT-dnTcf4 allele was generated by inserting a cytomegalovirus/β-actin promoter/enhancer (CAG) membrane tethered tdTomato (i.e., tdTomato tagged with an N-terminal myristoylation site)-triple-myc-2A-dnTcf4 cassette at the ROSA26 locus by homologous recombination in ES cells; see Tang et al. (66) for a description of the 2A peptide technology. The dominant-negative TCF4 polypeptide consists of a methionine followed by amino acids 162-460 of TCF4 (TCF7L2) transcript variant 1 (47). The Cdh5-IRES-MCreM allele was constructed by inserting an IRES-Mer-Cre-Mer cassette (44) into the 3′ UTR of the Cdh5 gene by homologous recombination in ES cells. ES cells with the correct targeting event were identified by Southern blotting and injected into blastocysts. The resulting chimeric ...

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1IIC: Structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae N-myristoyltransferase with bound myristoylCoA and peptide provide insights about substrate recognition and catalysis.