TY - JOUR. T1 - Impacts of widespread badger culling on cattle tuberculosis: concluding analyses from a large-scale field trial. AU - Donnelly, C.A.. AU - Wei, G.. AU - Johnston, W.T.. AU - Cox, D.R.. AU - Woodroffe, R.. AU - Bourne, F.J.. AU - Cheeseman, C.L.. AU - Clifton-Hadley, R.. AU - Gettinby, G.. N1 - Strathprints policy is to record up to 8 authors per publication, plus any additional authors based at the University of Strathclyde. More authors may be listed on the official publication than appear in the Strathprints record.. PY - 2007/7. Y1 - 2007/7. N2 - Bovine tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major problem for British cattle farmers. Failure to control the infection has been linked to transmission from European badgers; badger culling has therefore formed a component of British TB control policy since 1973. To investigate the impact of repeated widespread badger culling on cattle TB, the Randomised Badger Culling Trial compared TB incidence in cattle herds in and around ten ...

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major problem for British cattle farmers. Failure to control the infection has been linked to transmission from European badgers; badger culling has therefore formed a component of British TB control policy since 1973. To investigate the impact of repeated widespread badger culling on cattle TB, the Randomised Badger Culling Trial compared TB incidence in cattle herds in and around ten culling areas (each 100 km2) with those in and around ten matched unculled areas. Overall, cattle TB incidence was 23.2% lower (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.4-32.7% lower) inside culled areas, but 24.5% (95% CI 0.6% lower-56.0% higher) higher on land ≤2 km outside, relative to matched unculled areas. Inside the culling area boundary the beneficial effect of culling tended to increase with distance from the boundary (p = 0.085) and to increase on successive annual culls (p = 0.064). In adjoining areas, the detrimental effect tended to diminish on successive annual ...

Meles meles (Eurasian Badger) is a species of mammals in the family Mustelidae. It is found in the Palearctic and the Indo-Malayan Realm. It is an omnivore. Individuals are known to live for 194.4 months and can grow to 13000 g. Reproduction is dioecious. Eurasian Badger relies on running to move around.. ...

Members of Carnivora are placed into two main sub-orders, Feliformia (cat-like) and Caniformia (dog-like). Mustelide is placed in the Caniformia sub-group along with the families Canidae (dogs, wolves, and foxes), Ursidae (bears), Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis), and Mephitidae (skunks), as well as the pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses).. The Mustelidae were difficult to classify until genetic evidence started to become available. The increasing availability of such evidence may well result in some members of the family being moved to their own separate families, as has already happened with the skunks, previously considered to be members of the mustelid family. About 55 extant species in 24 genera are currently recognized.. Mustelids vary greatly in size, form, and behavior. The least weasel (Mustela nivalis) is not much larger than a mouse and is the smallest carnivore, being from 11 to 26 centimeters (4-10 inches) in length (Larivière 2004). The giant otter, which can weigh up to 34 ...

European badgers (Meles meles) are an important part of the Irish ecosystem; they are a component of Irelands native fauna and are afforded protection by national and international laws. The species is also a reservoir host for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) and implicated in the epidemiology of bTB in cattle. Due to this latter point, badgers have been culled in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) in areas where persistent cattle bTB outbreaks exist. The population dynamics of badgers are therefore of great pure and applied interest. The studies within this thesis used large datasets and a number of analytical approaches to uncover essential elements of badger populations in the ROI. Furthermore, a review and meta-analysis of all available data on Irish badgers was completed to give a framework from which key knowledge gaps and future directions could be identified (Chapter 1). One main finding suggested that badger densities are significantly reduced in areas of repeated culling, as revealed through ...

Clans maintain home ranges of 50 to 150 hectares, with little to no overlap between clans. Eurasian badgers are very territorial and will defend their home ranges from other badgers. Borders are scent marked and patrolled by the dominant male. Individual badgers have ranges within the clans territory, and border fights do occasionally occur.. Reproduction. Mating takes place in July or August but the embryos do not begin to develop until December or January. Gestation lasts for seven weeks after implantation, and one to five young are born during February or March.. Newborn cubs are about 4-5 inches in length. Their eyes and ears open at five weeks, their teeth erupt at about six weeks, and they are weaned at about six months. For the first six to eight weeks of their life they stay underground, then make their first, tentative visits to the outside world. They will leave their birth setts for good in October or November, and reach sexual maturity at about 12 to 15 months of age. Parental care ...

The European badger (Meles meles) also known as the Eurasian badger or simply badger, is a species of badger in the family Mustelidae and is native to almost all of Europe and some parts of West Asia. Several subspecies are recognized; the nominate subspecies (Meles meles meles) predominates over most of Europe. The European badger is classified as being of least concern by the IUCN as it has a wide range and a large population size ...

Amstislavsky, S., Y. Ternovskaya. 2000. Reproduction in Mustelids. Animal Reproduction Science, 60-61: 571-581. Bright, P. 2000. Lessons from lean beasts: conservation biology of the mustelids. Mammal Review, 30: 217-226. Dragoo, J., R. Honeycutt. 1997. Systematics of mustelid-like carnivores. Journal of Mammalogy, 78: 426-443. Flynn, J., J. Finarelli, S. Zehr, J. Hsu, M. Nedbal. 2005. Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): Assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships. Systematic Biology, 54: 317-337. Gough, M., S. Rushton. 2000. The application of GIS-modelling to mustelid landscape ecology. Mammal Review, 30: 197-216. Hutchings, M., P. White. 2000. Mustelid scent-marking in managed ecosystems: implications for population management. Mammal Review, 30: 157-169. Johnson, D., D. MacDonald, A. Dickman. 2000. An analysis and review of models of the sociobiology of the Mustelidae. Mammal Review, 30: 171-196. Koepfli, K., R. Wayne. 2003. Type I Sts markers ...

The stoat is a member of the family Mustelidae, one of the families with the most species in the order Carnivora. The Mustelidae also includes other weasels, mink, otters, ferret, badgers, polecats, the wolverine, martens, the tayra, the fisher and in some taxonomical classifications skunks.. The stoat moves in a sinuous manner when pursuing its prey. It is extremely quick over the ground considering its small size, and is also a strong swimmer that is able to colonize offshore islands. The stoat is built long and slender, making it one of the few species able to follow burrowing animals into their own homes. It partly compensates for this shape by having short legs, small ears, a fast metabolism and, in winter, thick fur. Stoats may grow up to 30 cm long, with males much larger than the females. In most areas it coexists with the weasel (Mustela nivalis, also known as the Least Weasel), the smallest member of order Carnivora. Where the weasel is absent the stoat is smaller (~70 g).. The stoats ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A distemper outbreak in beech martens (Martes foina) in Flanders. AU - Tavernier, P. AU - Baert, Kristof. AU - van de Bildt, M. AU - Kuiken, T. AU - Cay, A. AU - Maes, S. AU - Roels, S. AU - Gouwy, Jan. AU - Van Den Berge, Koen. N1 - Publication Authorstring : Tavernier, P.; Baert, K.; van de Bildt, M.; Kuiken, T.; Cay, A.; Maes, S.; Roels, S.; Gouwy, J.; Van Den Berge, K. Publication RefStringPartII : ,i,Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 81,/i,: 81-87. PY - 2012. Y1 - 2012. M3 - A1: Web of Science-article. VL - 81. SP - 81. EP - 87. JO - Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. JF - Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. SN - 0303-9021. ER - ...

LESELLIER, S, PALMER, S, DALLEY, D, DAVE, D, JOHNSON, L, HEWINSON, R and CHAMBERS, M (2006) The safety and immunogenicity of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine in European badgers (Meles meles) ...

In Europe, badgers (Meles meles) are recognized as major tuberculosis (TB) reservoir hosts with the potential to transmit infection to associated cattle herds. Recent studies in Spain have demonstrated that vaccination with a heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (HIMB) successfully protects captive wild boar and red deer against progressive disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two oral vaccines against TB in a badger model: the live-attenuated M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin BCG vaccine (Danish strain) and a HIMB vaccine. Twenty-four badgers were separated in three treatment groups: oral vaccinated with live BCG (108 CFU, n = 5), oral vaccinated with HIMB (107 CFU, n = 7), and unvaccinated controls (n = 12). All badgers were experimentally infected with M. bovis (103 CFU) by the endobronchial route targeting the right middle lung lobe. Throughout the study, clinical, immunological, pathological, and bacteriological parameters of infection were measured. Both vaccines

Pine Marten Run - The Pine Marten Run is a 26 mile system of hiking and horseback riding trails located in the Ironjaw Semiprivate Area approximately 30 miles northwest of Manistique and 17 miles south of Munising, Michigan. Accessible from County Roads 440 and 437, and Forest Road 2258, Pine Marten Run is composed of five loop trails with interconnecting spurs. The trails pass through a wide variety of vegetative communities as they meander past lakes and streams, gently rolling hills, bogs, and wildlife openings. Parking areas suitable for vehicles with horse trailers are available at each trailhead.. Adirondack shelters, with fire rings, have been constructed at Rim Lake, Rumble Lake, and along the Indian River. Water and toilet facilities are available at the C.R. 440 trailhead, while the others only have toilet facilities. Camping is permitted throughout the area, however, permits are required for camping on Swan Lake, Triangle Lake, Ironjaw Lake, and Lake Nineteen. These Permits may be ...

Pine marten protector. Krzepkowski, Jacques // Canadian Geographic;Jan/Feb2005, Vol. 125 Issue 1, p13 Reports on a research grant given by the Royal Canadian Geographical Society to Lanna Campbell, a geography and environmental studies student at Mount Allison University in Sackville, New Brunswick, for her efforts to save Newfoundland pine martens. Description of a pine marten; Primary reason... ...

PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Journal of Mammalogy promotes interest in mammals by the publication of original research on their ecology, genetics, conservation, behavior, and physiology.

Several mustelids, including the mink, the sable (a type of marten) and the stoat (ermine), boast exquisite and valuable furs, and have been accordingly hunted since prehistoric times. Since the early Middle Ages, the trade in furs was of great economic importance for northern and eastern European nations with large native populations of fur-bearing mustelids, and was a major economic impetus behind Russian expansion into Siberia and French and English expansion in North America. In recent centuries, fur farming, notably of mink, has also become widespread and provides the majority of the fur brought to market.. One species, the sea mink (Neovison macrodon) of New England and Canada, was driven to extinction by fur trappers. Its appearance and habits are almost unknown today because no complete specimens can be found and no systematic contemporary studies were conducted.. The sea otter, which has the densest fur of any animal,[5] narrowly escaped the fate of the sea mink. The discovery of large ...

Several mustelids, including the mink, the sable (a type of marten) and the stoat (ermine), boast exquisite and valuable furs, and have been accordingly hunted since prehistoric times. Since the early Middle Ages, the trade in furs was of great economic importance for northern and eastern European nations with large native populations of fur-bearing mustelids, and was a major economic impetus behind Russian expansion into Siberia and French and English expansion in North America. In recent centuries, fur farming, notably of mink, has also become widespread and provides the majority of the fur brought to market. One species, the sea mink (Neovison macrodon) of New England and Canada, was driven to extinction by fur trappers. Its appearance and habits are almost unknown today because no complete specimens can be found and no systematic contemporary studies were conducted. The sea otter, which has the densest fur of any animal,[9] narrowly escaped the fate of the sea mink. The discovery of large ...

Several mustelids, including the mink, the sable (a type of marten) and the stoat (ermine), boast exquisite and valuable furs, and have been accordingly hunted since prehistoric times. Since the early Middle Ages, the trade in furs was of great economic importance for northern and eastern European nations with large native populations of fur-bearing mustelids, and was a major economic impetus behind Russian expansion into Siberia and French and English expansion in North America. In recent centuries, fur farming, notably of mink, has also become widespread and provides the majority of the fur brought to market. One species, the sea mink (Neovison macrodon) of New England and Canada, was driven to extinction by fur trappers. Its appearance and habits are almost unknown today because no complete specimens can be found and no systematic contemporary studies were conducted. The sea otter, which has the densest fur of any animal,[9] narrowly escaped the fate of the sea mink. The discovery of large ...

The Least Weasel is the smallest carnivore and is hardly seen as it is rarely trapped. The Least Weasel can be found anywhere in the world however the smallest

CHAMBERS, M, GAVIER-WIDEN, D, STANLEY, P and HEWINSON, R (2000) Biochemical and haematological parameters associated with tuberculosis in European badgers ...

Refs - -. Agnarsson, I., Kuntner, M. & May-Collado, L. J. 2010. Dogs, cats, and kin: A molecular species-level phylogeny of Carnivora. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54, 726-745.. Baskin, J. A. 1998. Mustelidae. In Janis, C. M., Scott, K. M. & Jacobs, L. L. (eds) Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals. Cambridge University Press, pp. 152-173.. Bininda, Emonds, O. R. P., Gittleman, J. L. & Purvis, A. 1999. Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: a complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia). Biological Reviews 74, 143-175.. Bryant, H. N., Russell, A. P. & Fitch, W. D. 1993. Phylogenetic relationships within the extant Mustelidae (Carnivora): appraisal of the cladistic status of the Simpsonian subfamilies. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108, 301-334.. Dragoo, J. W. & Honeycutt, R. L. 1997. Systematics of mustelid-like carnivores. Journal of Mammalogy 78, 426-443.. Eizirik, ...

Brickle, N. 2007. Sightings of Javan Ferret Badger Melogale orientalis. Small Carnivore Conservation 36: 50.. Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1992. Mammals of the Indo-Malayan Region: a Systematic Review. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.. Duckworth, J.W., Roberton, S.I. and Brickle, N. 2008. Further notes on Javan Ferret Badger Melogale orientalis at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, Java. Small Carnivore Conservation 39: 39-40.. Eaton, J.A., Wüst, R., Wirth, R., Shepherd, C.R., Semiadi, G., Hall, J. and Duckworth, J.W. 2010. Recent records of the Javan Small-toothed Palm Civet Arctogalidia (trivirgata) trilineata. Small Carnivore Conservation 43: 16-22.. IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-1. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 30 June 2016).. Kim, M. 2012. Notes on live ferret badger Melogale trade in Java. Small Carnivore Conservation 46: 30-32.. Long, C.A. 1992. Is the Javan ferret-badger a subspecies or a species? Small Carnivore Conservation 6: ...

After the last reported cases of rabies in a human in 1959 and a nonhuman animal in 1961, Taiwan was considered free from rabies. However, during 2012-2013, an outbreak occurred among ferret badgers in Taiwan. To examine the origin of this virus strain, we sequenced 3 complete genomes and acquired multiple rabies virus (RABV) nucleoprotein and glycoprotein sequences. Phylogeographic analyses demonstrated that the RABV affecting the Taiwan ferret badgers (RABV-TWFB) is a distinct lineage within the group of lineages from Asia and that it has been differentiated from its closest lineages, China I (including isolates from Chinese ferret badgers) and the Philippines, 158-210 years ago. The most recent common ancestor of RABV-TWFB originated 91-113 years ago. Our findings indicate that RABV could be cryptically circulating in the environment. An understanding of the underlying mechanism might shed light on the complex interaction between RABV and its host.

Collects Wolverine (1988) #150-158, Annual 99; Wolverine: Origin #1-6. Origins and obligations! When Wolverines adopted daughter Amiko finds herself in the middle of a blood feud, Logan must return to Japan! Hell lay his life on the line for hers in a saga involving the Silver Samurai and the Clan Yashida! Then, Wolverine and Deadpool grudgingly join forces to battle an author-turned werewolf...but when a bounty is declared on Wolvies head, Deadpool plans to collect! Who is after Logan this time - and why? Plus, Wolverine and Spider-Man go underground to face the Mole Man, while Zaran the Weapons Master lies in wait! And a classic for the ages reveals the origin story they said could never be told. Meet sickly young James Howlett -the boy who will one day be Wolverine!

Mark Marten. Photo courtesy of Marten. To understand how the fungal cell walls respond to environmental stressors, Marten and his team studied what he describes as the cells software-rules that control how the cell behaves. When fungi experience stress, Martens team found an increase in the number of septa created. Like bulkheads in a ship, septa prevent catastrophic loss of cellular cytoplasm if theres a break in the cell wall. When you stress cells, they sense it and try to protect themselves, Marten explains. He adds that fungi try to repair damage to their cell walls so that they can resume normal growth and function. The study used a multi-omic methodology, which researchers say can be applied to studying how signaling networks in cells work in general. The methodology allowed researchers to get a more detailed understanding of how cells respond to stressors. They found that when cell walls experience stress, there is a coordinated response through various pathways. By combining ...

SUMMARY Tuberculosis (TB) in livestock, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, persists in many countries. In the UK and Ireland, efforts to control TB through culling of badgers (Meles meles), the principal wildlife host, have failed and there is significant interest in vaccination of badgers as an alternative or complementary strategy. Using a simulation model, we show that where TB is self-contained within the badger population and there are no external sources of infection, limited-duration vaccination at a high level of efficacy can reduce or even eradicate TB from the badger population. However, where sources of external infection persist, benefits in TB reduction in badgers can only be achieved by ongoing, annual vaccination. Vaccination is likely to be most effective as part of an integrated disease management strategy incorporating a number of different approaches across the entire host community. ...

We photo-verified the presence of a wolverine (Gulo gulo) in California for the first time in 86 years during February 2008. Herein we document the process of determining the origin of this wolverine using genetic, stable carbon (δ13C) and stable nitrogen (δ15N) isotope information. The wolverines origin was significant because it is a state-threatened species and California represents a historically unique genotype of wolverines in North America. We obtained both photographs and noninvasively-collected genetic evidence (scat and hair). DNA analysis revealed the animal was a male and not a remnant of a historical California population. Comparison with available data revealed the individual was most closely related to populations from the western edge of the Rocky Mountains. This represents the first evidence of connectivity between wolverine populations of the Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountain Ranges. ...

van der Land, J. (2001). Tetrapoda, ,B,,I,in,/I,,/B,: Costello, M.J. ,i,et al.,/i, (Ed.) (2001). ,i,European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,,/i, 50: pp. 375-376 ...

Its a mink (Mustela vison)! Mink are members of the Mustelidae or weasel family. So, Jen Smith, you WERE %50ish percent right with your guess of squirrel or weasel?. Weasels all typically have long bodies, short legs, and are voracious predators. Other NY weasel cousins include: the river otter, short and long-tailed weasels, fisher, and American marten. Even more North American cousins include: badgers, wolverines, black-footed ferrets and sea otters. ALSO our pet ferrets are weasels too! Mink are semi-aquatic, meaning that they spend a majority of their lives in and around fresh water. They are mammals, so they dont breathe underwater, but they hunt for their food, and are adept swimmers. They have beautiful, dense, water resistant fur that keeps them insulated against even the coldest water temperatures, as you can see in this picture.. Periscoping, by the way, is a term I heard used in reference to river otters, but mink do the same. Because they are so low profile, with their short ...

The ancient history of RABV-TWFB raises 2 issues. First, because for the past 50 years Taiwan was believed to have been free from rabies, learning that the virus must have been cryptically circulating in the environment for such a long time is surprising. Because previous rabies surveillance was mainly focused on dogs and bats (www.baphiq.gov.tw), cases in remote areas might have gone unnoticed. However, Taiwan is an island with a high population density; 23 million persons live in an area of 36,188 km2, and for rabies cases to have gone unnoticed for ,50 years would be very unusual. Second, according to a recent survey about wildlife, the ferret badger population has been increasing in the past 5 years (L.-K. Lin, pers. comm.). Therefore, despite the ancient history of the ferret badgers association with RABV, the fact that its population is seemingly unaffected by infection with RABV is perplexing.. Except for 1 isolate from a shrew, all RABV isolates in the recent rabies outbreak in Taiwan ...

Marten, any of several weasel-like carnivores of the genus Martes (family Mustelidae), found in Canada and parts of the United States and in the Old World from Europe to the Malay region. Differing in size and coloration according to species, they have lithe slender bodies, short legs, rounded

Badgers are short-legged omnivores in the families Mustelidae (which also includes the otters, polecats, weasels, and wolverines), and Mephitidae (which also includes the skunks). They are not a natural taxonomic grouping, but are united by possession of a squat body adapted for fossorial activity. Badger mandibular co

Badgers are mammals that belong to the Mustelidae, the largest family of carnivores, that includes weasels, stoats, ferrets and otters. Heavy-set and short-legged, badgers live in underground burrows, called setts, with elaborate tunnel systems. They trap their prey and their strong jaws keep a good hold on the ...

Wolverines are a medium-sized carnivore and the largest terrestrial member of the weasel family in North America, appearing more like small bears than weasels. A single subspecies of wolverine ranges across most of Canada. Further studies are required to determine if the Vancouver Island population is a separate subspecies. Several wolverine populations may be isolated from the main population, including those of the arctic and Pacific islands, and that of Quebec and Labrador.

All samples were negative for Chlamydia, although a specific herpesvirus called Mustelid herpesvirus-1 (MusHV-1) was found in 15 out of the 38 screened badgers. Interestingly, this is a much lower prevalence of herpes in genital swab samples, than a previous study found in Wythams badgers, where 98.1% tested positive for MusHV-1 from blood samples. Looking at life-history traits of individual badges, there was no difference in body condition between infected badgers and uninfected badgers, nor was there a difference in mean teat size (a good indicator for recent lactation) of infected badgers compared to uninfected badgers. In fact the majority of infected (62%) and uninfected badgers (57%) had not lactated, and similar numbers of infected (38%) and uninfected badgers (43%) had lactated. This indicates that, in badgers, infection from MusHV-1 does not negatively affect female reproduction. Nevertheless, the screening of more badgers is required to support this conclusion. Infected and ...

The Alaska weasel is like the short-tailed weasel. It is part of the Mustelidae family and native to Eurasia and North America. The weasel does not dig its own burrows it instead uses the burrows and nests of the rodents it kills. Their diet consists of voles, birds, fish, shrews, lizards, and insects. They have also b

In Lowtown, Wolverine drinks at a bar, thinking back to an earlier saloon, when he found Sabretooth after Sabretooth had killed Wolverines girlfriend, Silver Fox. In the present, Wolverine breaks up a bar fight, then heads out as the clock strikes midnight. In the past, an enraged Wolverine attacks Sabretooth. In the present, Wolverine helps save a pair of US Naval servicemen attacked by a gang of thugs, though one of them is shot. In the past, Wolverine and Sabretooths fight spills outside, where Sabreooth buries Wolverine in a wood pile. In the present, Wolverine brings the wounded servicemen to Madame Joyss for treatment, where he meets Jessica and Lindsay, who have opened an office above the brothel. In the past, Wolverine flees into the woods, pursued by Sabretooth, and climbs up a nearby cliff face trying to escape. In the present, Wolverine meets with Chief Tai, who informs him the men from the bar fight are none too pleased with him, then confirms the individual Wolverine asked Tai to ...

General description: Weasels are small, elongated predators that are brown in the summer, but that turn white in the winter. The short-tailed and long-tailed weasels have a black-tipped tail, while the least weasel is completely white. During spring and fall, as they change color, weasel fur appears blotchy.. Length: The short-tailed weasel measures seven to 14 inches. The long-tailed weasel is slightly larger, about 16 inches, and has a longer tail.. Weight: The short-tailed weasel weighs only two to five ounces, while its long-tailed cousin weighs about seven ounces.. Color: All species of weasels are brown on top and white-yellow on their undersides in summer, and turn white in winter.. ...

Any member of the family Mustelidae, subfamily Mustelinae, other than ferrets (Mustela furo), weasels (Mustela nivalis), and stoats (Mustela erminea), and subfamily Lutrinae, other than oriental small clawed otter (Aonyx cineria). ...

Lee Rannals for redOrbit.com - Your Universe Online. A new study published in the journal PLoS Currents: Outbreaks suggests that badgers are responsible for a large number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in cattle in certain areas.. Researchers estimate that badgers ultimately account for 52 percent of cattle TB in areas where prevalence in cattle is high. However, only around six percent of infected cattle catch TB from badgers; the remaining number of cases is a result of transmission of the disease between cattle herds.. These findings confirm that badgers do play a large role in the spread of bovine TB. These figures should inform the debate, even if they dont point to a single way forward, Professor Christl Donnelly, from the Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling at Imperial, said in a statement.. Scientists have debated the role badgers play in spreading bovine TB, and whether or not the animals should be culled to control the disease. The Randomized Badger ...

Climate change and genetic isolation threaten famously tough predator-. MISSOULA, Mont.- Describing the wolverine as a snow-dependent species standing squarely in the path of global climate change, a federal judge today overturned an August 2014 decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refusing to grant this rare and elusive species any protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).. The ruling by U.S. District Court Judge Dana Christensen rejected the Services determinations that climate change, an extremely small population size-there are only approximately 300 wolverines left in the northern Rockies and north Cascades-and genetic isolation do not threaten the wolverines survival in the lower-48 states.. This decision gives the wolverine a fighting chance at survival, said Earthjustice attorney Timothy Preso, who represented eight conservation groups in the case before Judge Christensen. There is now hope for this icon of our remaining wilderness.. Todays ruling passes a ...

Okay, I believe i have an end to the whole How can Wolverine swim? thing. Obviously we all know that the X-Men movies are not as accurate as we may have hoped, but they do a decent job. Needless to say, they may have just solved our dilema. Near the end of X2: X-Men United, Wolverine fights Yuriko, a mutant similar to Wolverine in many aspects except for experience and being on the side of good which cause her to be killed. Which brings me to my point, when wolverine pumps her full of adamantium she is flailing to escape, yet, she is flailing and floating. Yes, her torso is against the bottom of the tank since Logan is holding it down with the pump, but she has no problem keeping her head and arms above the water, until they are filled and sink on their own to the bottom when we hear the clunk. This is why I am near certain that the amount of adamantium within Logans body weighs almost nothing. This theory would also support why Captain can throw that shield with so much ease and perform ...

Features. Experience how the ultimate weapon was Uncaged as you reveal Wolverines past in X-Men Origins: Wolverine. Take on impossible odds and vicious revenge in this years most satisfying action game. The team at Raven Software has dedicated Wolverines development to true-to-character authenticity and fierce, unstoppable action allowing gamers to take on enemies in ways only Wolverine can.. ...

Franke Martens Group is a financial planning firm committed to helping make your financial life easier, better, and simpler. Our financial representatives, Traci Martens in Hortonville and Jim Franke in Waukesha, combine their communication skills with cutting-edge knowledge and 25+ years experience to help our clients define their financial goals and design a roadmap to meet those goals. Franke Martens Group specializes in retirement plans, investment planning, education funds, tax advice, and employee benefit packages, among other financial services.

How to Clean Dr. Martens Shoes. Dr. Martens, which are also referred to as Docs and Doc Martens, are a brand of leather footwear with a very distinctive look. Known today for their yellow stitching, cushioned soles, and durability, Dr....

The pine marten is making a come-back after nearly becoming extinct in Britain. This new book is full of information about this most enchanting animal. Illustrated with fine line drawings and a gallery of stunning photographs.

There are two squirrel species found in Ireland. The native red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris, and the invasive North American grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis. In Ireland, the UK and Italy the grey squirrel threatens the survival of the red squirrel as the effects of competition and disease from the grey squirrel almost inevitably lead to total replacement of the red squirrel population. In 2007, the results of a national squirrel survey suggested that the normally invasive grey squirrel population in the midlands of Ireland had gone into decline. Whilst occasionally grey squirrel introductions have failed elsewhere, such a decline in range has not been recorded anywhere else for this species subsequent to having established itself as an invasive population. In the 2007 report, the decline in grey squirrel range was anecdotally attributed to an increase in European pine marten, Martes martes, range and numbers. The pine marten population in Ireland reached a nadir in the early 20th century as a ...

They say that Honey Badger dont care, but thats not completely true. We here at Honey Badger want to make our customers feel at home with our in-house coffee mugs and plates. 35% off. Our ceramic Honey Badger Mugs are microwave safe, top shelf dishwasher safe, and have easy to hold grip handles. 35% off. Hes tenacious, strong and packs one hell of a punch. This is the page description. Email. While we dont carry porcelain coffee mugs, our ceramic Honey Badger Mugs are an excellent substitution to your kitchen for sipping a hot drink of coffee, hot tea, or hot chocolate in the morning or winter evenings. Our ceramic Honey Badger Mugs are microwave safe, top shelf dishwasher safe, and have easy to hold grip handles. I stayed at Honey Badger after my safari and kili climb in oct 2018. By John Son July 07, 2019 shares. This is what Catholic Honey Badger is all about. They say that Honey Badger dont care, but thats not completely true. Honey Badger Coffee Mug - Honey Badger Dont Care Ceramic ...

What will be the story of the anticipated battle between No. 10 Ohio State and No. 4 Michigan when the two bitter rivals meet this Saturday at Noon ET?. Game Snapshot & Odds. 161 Michigan at 162 Ohio State. Saturday, November 24, 2018. Noon ET - Ohio Stadium. TV: FOX. Public Betting Trends. According to oddsmakers at BetNow.eu, Michigan is favored on the road in this game, as the Wolverines are getting odds of -4.5 points against Ohio State. The over/under total for the contest is currently listed at 56 points. The public betting for this game currently has 55 percent going on Michigan on the road.. Michigan vying for playoff spot. Its been a bumpy road for Jim Harbaugh at Michigan, but the Wolverines can punch their ticket to the Big Ten Championship with a win this weekend. The Wolverines are coming off a 31-20 win over Indiana last week to move to 10-1 on the season and 8-0 in the Big Ten. The Wolverines are 6-5 against the spread and 6-5 with the over. They have hit the over in four of ...

Despite being a keystone species in important ecosystems that span the northern and eastern North Pacific Ocean, sea otters have historically had a complex and sometimes troubling relationship with humans. Sea otters share common ancestry with a family called Mustelidae, a diverse group of organisms that include 12 other otter species and small terrestrial animals such as weasels and badgers. Like other mustelids, sea otters are small animals that have short legs, short round ears, and thick fur. However, unlike their closest relatives, sea otters do not make burrows, often live their entire life on water, and lack anal scent glands. Though it is considered to be one of the smallest marine mammals, it is the heaviest mustelid, weighing between 50 to 100 pounds. Although sea otters are known for being playful and sociable, they are not true social animals, often spending time alone to hunt, groom, and defend itself against predators and its territory. Still, sea otters do interact with one ...

A honey badgers teeth are extremely sharp alongside incredible jaw strength. That deadly combination of sharp teeth and jaw power is what they used to eat every part of their prey which includes the bones. So how powerful are their jaws? A honey badger has the ability to eat a turtle including the shell without breaking a sweat. On top of that, but a honey badger is immune to the majority of deadly venom; there are times that honey badgers were seen fighting snakes. But thats not all, but honey badgers are observed to be quite intelligent. Honey badgers are smart enough to use simple items as tools when theyre hunting and catching their prey. You wont see these traits on other animals.. ...

All the teasers and mini-clips are over, and the first full trailer for James Mangolds The Wolverine is finally here. Want to see?. The first complete trailer for the X-Men spinoff went live today, showing off 2+ minutes of glorious Wolverine (Hugh Jackman) vs. ninjas action, with a heavy dose of sci-fi drama thrown in for good measure.. The Japanese setting is a great fit for the story, which is based on the 1982 comic run of the same name by Chris Claremont and Frank Miller.. Mangold has promised this wont be like any other X-Men film weve seen, and thats even more evident after watching the trailer. This feels like its own thing, separate from the rest of the franchise and standing on its own. Of all the films that have featured the character over the years, this one definitely seems to take his immortality extremely seriously. What happens to a man when everything hes ever known or loved is destined to pass away? Check out the trailer above and let us know what you think.. The Wolverine ...

The North American river otter (Lontra canadensis), also known as the northern river otter or the common otter, is a semiaquatic mammal endemic to the North American continent found in and along its waterways and coasts. An adult North American river otter can weigh between 5.0 and 14 kg (11.0 and 30.9 lb). The river otter is protected and insulated by a thick, water-repellent coat of fur.. The North American river otter, a member of the subfamily Lutrinae in the weasel family (Mustelidae), is equally versatile in the water and on land. It establishes a burrow close to the waters edge in river, lake, swamp, coastal shoreline, tidal flat, or estuary ecosystems. The den typically has many tunnel openings, one of which generally allows the otter to enter and exit the body of water. Female North American river otters give birth in these underground burrows, producing litters of one to six young.. ...

Ferrets are members of the Mustelidae family, that includes the Mink, Weasel, Sea Otter, Skunk, the European Polecat among others. Ferrets have been domesticated animals for over 2,500 years. Ferrets have been used to hunt rabbits. Ferrets can make excellent pets.

Ferrets are members of the Mustelidae family, that includes the Mink, Weasel, Sea Otter, Skunk, the European Polecat among others. Ferrets have been domesticated animals for over 2,500 years. Ferrets have been used to hunt rabbits. Ferrets can make excellent pets.

Photo/image polecat (Mustela putorius), Family: Mustelidae. Location Himmelkol, Mariager, Jylland, Danmark. Photographer: JC Schou, Photoid 79078

ID M3XNI9_MUSPF Unreviewed; 1092 AA. AC M3XNI9; DT 01-MAY-2013, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 01-MAY-2013, sequence version 1. DT 25-OCT-2017, entry version 32. DE SubName: Full=Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7 {ECO:0000313,Ensembl:ENSMPUP00000000639}; GN Name=KCNH7 {ECO:0000313,Ensembl:ENSMPUP00000000639}; OS Mustela putorius furo (European domestic ferret) (Mustela furo). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Carnivora; Caniformia; Mustelidae; OC Mustelinae; Mustela. OX NCBI_TaxID=9669 {ECO:0000313,Ensembl:ENSMPUP00000000639, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000000715}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,Ensembl:ENSMPUP00000000639} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=ID#1420 {ECO:0000313,Ensembl:ENSMPUP00000000639}; RA Di Palma F., Alfoldi J., Johnson J., Jaffe D., Berlin A., Gnerre S., RA Grabherr M., Hall G., Lara M., MacCallum I., Mauceli E., RA Przyblyski D., Ribeiro F., Russell P., Sharpe T., ...

Pflanzen Botanik: 20 assigned downloads, like Fischermarder (Martes pennanti), Jungtier, vierzehn Wochen, am Bau, captive / Montana, USA, Nordamerika from stock-photos

Reino: Animalia Filo: Craniata, Arthropoda Clase: Amphibia, Insecta, Aves, Mammalia, Reptilia Orden: Caprimulgiformes, Psittaciformes, Gruiformes, Coraciiformes, Chiroptera, Cetacea, Artiodactyla, Galliformes, Crocodylia, Didelphimorphia, Cingulata, Pilosa, Tinamiformes, Apodiformes, Carnivora, Pelecaniformes, Squamata, Sirenia, Rodentia, Passeriformes, Trogoniformes, Piciformes, Cuculiformes, Columbiformes, Anura, Testudines, Strigiformes, Accipitriformes, Lepidoptera Familia: Phyllostomidae, Delphinidae, Ramphastidae, Tayassuidae, Geomyidae, Emydidae, Mimidae, Tityridae, Emberizidae, Sciuridae, Hylidae, Alcedinidae, Microhylidae, Dasyproctidae, Mustelidae, Cheloniidae, Furnariidae, Dendrocolaptidae, Troglodytidae, Galbulidae, Geoemydidae, Rallidae, Eublepharidae, Leptodactylidae, Felidae, Myrmecophagidae, Canidae, Mephitidae, Corvidae, Tinamidae, Mormoopidae, Ziphiidae, Erethizontidae, Momotidae, Vespertilionidae, Dasypodidae, Cuniculidae, Leptotyphlopidae, Rhinophrynidae, Phasianidae, ...

The disease is seen in Canidae (dogs, foxes, wolves), Mustelidae (ferret, mink, skunk), most Procyonidae (raccoon, coatimundi), and some Viveridae (binturong). Canine distemper is being reported in an increasing number of terrestrial species (gray fox, crab eating fox, African wild dog, African lion, black-footed ferret, Amur tiger, spotted hyena). Why? Is this a result of more widespread investigations?. Recently canine distemper has been reported as a cause of mortality in wild desert kit foxes in California. One possible source of the virus was coyote urine placed near the den to haze the foxes away from a development area. The coyote urine was used as a natural animal repellent but in this case it did not work.. Canine distemper has also been reported in Rhesus monkeys in a breeding facility in China. Incidence rate was reported as 25-60% and mortality rate as 5-30%. Authors noted a high rate of mutations in the virus and that surveillance for distemper in monkey populations and their carers ...

Staphylococcus delphini is a Gram-positive, coagulase-positive member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of single, paired, and clustered cocci. Strains of this species were originally isolated from aquarium-raised dolphins suffering from skin lesions. Varaldo, P. E.; Kilpper-Balz, R.; Biavasco, F.; Satta, G.; Schlifer, K. H. (1 October 1988). Staphylococcus delphini sp. nov., a Coagulase-Positive Species Isolated from Dolphins. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 38 (4): 436-439. doi:10.1099/00207713-38-4-436. Guardabassi, Luca; Schmidt, Kristina Runge; Petersen, Tina Steiner; Espinosa-Gongora, Carmen; Moodley, Arshnee; Agersø, Yvonne; Olsen, John Elmerdahl (2012). Mustelidae are natural hosts of Staphylococcus delphini group A. Veterinary Microbiology. 159 (3-4): 351-353. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.04.004. Stull, Jason W.; Slavic, Durda; Rousseau, Joyce; Weese, J. Scott (March 2014). Staphylococcus delphini and Methicillin-Resistant S. pseudintermedius in ...

It is widely assumed that dogs (Family Canidae) have an exceptional sense of smell, however there is little comparative evidence to support this claim. We used 3D visualization of CT scans to measure the bony surface areas of olfactory (OSA), respiratory (RSA) and, combining these, total (TSA) turbinates in skulls of 10 species of canids as well as 12 previously studied, terrestrial species of the Superfamily Arctoidea (Ursidae, Mustelidae, Mephitidae, Procyonidae). We examined scaling relationships and asked if ecological variables such as diet and home range size correlate with olfactory ability, as shown by ratios of OSA and RSA. After phylogenetic correction, we found that canids show greater positive allometry in TSA relative to arctoids, as a result of positive allometry in OSA and isometry in RSA. Canids also have a greater proportion of their turbinate area devoted to olfaction than respiration, suggesting that canids have enhanced olfactory ability relative to most arctoids. ...

The Michigan Wolverines football team is off to a terrific start. Brady Hoke looks like the right man for the job as he leads his 5-0 Wolverines away from the familiar confines of the Big House for the first time this season...

Michigan head coach Juwan Howard, left, shakes hands with Michigan State counterpart Tom Izzo after their game on March 4 in Ann Arbor. (AP file photo). By AARON BEARD. AP Basketball Writer. INDIANAPOLIS - Michigan fell short of the Final Four, but the Wolverines stood out in a study that seeded the NCAA Tournament fields based on academics and diversity.. Michigan was the only school to claim a No. 1 seed in both the mens and womens brackets released last week by The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sports at Central Florida, with the study crowning Juwan Howards Wolverines the mens national champion for the second straight year.. On the womens side, Gonzaga was named national champion and nearly joined Michigan as the only school with a No. 1 seed in both of the brackets. Mark Fews mens team - which was vying Monday night to become the first unbeaten national champion in 45 years - was a No. 2 seed.. Its meant as a reminder as everybody is in a frenzied state now because of the ...

Newcastlebeach provides you with 15 free wolverine wolf online Puzzle Games. All of these Wolverine wolf resources are for free game on Newcastlebeach.

CBS Sports Shop has the latest Michigan Wolverines Accessories for U of M fans. Shop CBS Sports for University of Michigan Gifts including: UMich Wolverines Jewelry, Key Chains, Pins, Buttons, Toys and Big Blue Accessories. Receive flat-rate ground shipping when you order from the official store of CBS Sports.

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Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants uniformly develop anemia of prematurity and frequently require multiple red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) during neonatal intensive care. The criteria currently applied to indicate RBCT in this population are based on expert opinion rather than evidence and conclusive data of long-term effects of RBCT practices do not exist. Both, giving RBCT to improve oxygen carrying capacity and restricting RBCT to avoid RBCT associated risks and costs potentially impair long-term development. The proposed blinded randomized controlled trial was designed and will be powered to compare the effect of restrictive versus liberal red blood cell transfusion guidelines on long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in ELBW infants. ELBW infants will be randomized to receive RBCT according to liberal or restrictive RBCT guidelines, which both reflect current practice in Germany and aim for a clinically relevant difference in mean hemoglobin concentrations. The primary outcome ...

The American Mink (mustela vision) is a member of the family of animals known as mustelids. The mustelid family is known for their feistiness and are often described as fearless. The common name for mink comes from the Swedish word maenk.. Mink are born both curious and secretive. They are usually shy but can be very bold when their curiosity has been aroused. They are solitary with the exception of mating season.. The American mink shares the common characteristic of all mustelids: anal musk glands that are used for territory marking and defense. As members of the weasel family, their bodies are long and slender with long necks and short legs. Mink range in size from 12 to 17 inches in length. Males are larger than females. Females range in weight from 1 ¼ to 2 pounds. Males range in weight from 1 ½ to 3 pounds.. The fur is a rich dark brown to almost black with a white chin patch and throat. Sometimes they have small white spots on their belly. The fur is soft and thick with oily guard hairs ...

Bovine tuberculosis and badgers in Britain: relevance of the past Date - 2013 Authors - Peter J. Atkins & Philip A. Robinson Link -savemetrust.org/images/pdf/Bovine%20tuberculosis%20and%20badgers%20in%20Britain%2c%20relevance%20of%20the%20past%2c%202013.pdf

The study of competition and coexistence among similar interacting species has long been considered a cornerstone in evolutionary and community ecology. However, understanding coexistence remains a challenge. Using two similar and sympatric competing large carnivores, Eurasian lynx and wolverines, we tested the hypotheses that tracking among heterospecifics and reactive responses to potential risk decreases the probability of an agonistic encounter when predators access shared food resources, thus facilitating coexistence. Lynx and wolverines actively avoided each other, with the degree of avoidance being greater for simultaneous than time-delayed predator locations. Wolverines reacted to the presence of lynx at relatively short distances (mean: 383 m). In general, lynx stayed longer, and were more stationary, around reindeer carcasses than wolverines. However, when both predators were present at the same time around a carcass, lynx shortened their visits, while wolverine behavior did not ...

For those taking their first steps, the tiny reproductions of the 1461 3-eye shoe and 1460 8-eye boot offer a sturdy, yet flexible sole combined with soft and durable leather. The 1460 boot style has a side zip, as well as laces, to help parents get them on and off little feet quickly and easily. 4-eye Infant boot in softy t leather Inside zip fastening Heel loop Dr. Martens air-cushioned sole Care Instructions: Clean away any dirt using a damp cloth and allow to dry. Apply a correctly coloured wax-based shoe polish to restore shine

Editorial profile of Dress Queens by for Elle UK with Lorena Maraschi,Riley Montana,Lili Sumner,Odette Pavlova wearing Dr Martens, Simone Rocha, Gucci, Erdem, Saint Laurent, Miu Miu, Balenciaga, Manolo Blahnik, Valentino, Valentino Garavani, Fendi, Christian Louboutin, including all credits and more.

All the attitude and heritage of our Original boot - in soft, fine-grain leather than feels worn in from the first step. These boots stay true to our six-decade-old 1460 silhouette and pack the full set of DMs DNA: yellow welt stitching, a scripted AirWair heel loop and a rugged air-cushioned sole. Born on 01.04.60. Named the 1460. Over six decades, our 8-eye work boot has become iconic Virginia is a soft, fine-grain leather thats treated to make it smooth and supple. Clean with a damp cloth and care with Dr. Martens Shoe Polish Our Goodyear-welted lines are heat-sealed at 700°C and reinforced with our signature welt stitch Upper: 100% Leather Inner: 60% Leather 40% Textile Sole: 100% PVC

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The federal, provincial, and territorial government signatories under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996) agreed to establish complementary legislation and programs that provide for effective protection of species at risk throughout Canada. Under the Species at Risk Act (S.C. 2002, c.29) (SARA), the federal competent ministers are responsible for the preparation of recovery strategies for listed Extirpated, Endangered, and Threatened species and are required to report on progress within five years.

Restoring a native predator is helping the red squirrel population rebound after decades of competition with their grey cousins, researchers said.

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/apr/04/badgers-should-be-gassed-princess-anne-cull Badgers should be gassed, says Princess Anne Royal intervenes in badger cull debate advocating gassing of infected animals to curb bovine TB - a practice illegal since 1982 Matthew Weaver theguardian.com, Friday 4 April 2014 11.45 BST Princess Anne told the BBC: If we want to control badgers, the most humane way of doing…

Looks like at least one wolverine has called the Tahoe National Forest home since 2008, and state officials are hoping hes not alone.

Show your Michigan Wolverines team spirit with this Titanium Sport Necklace. Measures 21 in. Contains a mixture of titanium and germanium micro-orbs in silicone core. Woven nylon shell. Features the team colors and logo. Officially licensed by the NCAA ...

Wolverine Mens Fleece Lined W1202260 010 Charcoal Hammer Loop Pants are just what you need. With all of the professionalism and hard work of regula

The indefinite loss of running back Fitz Toussaint is the largest hurdle that the Michigan Wolverines offense will have to overcome heading into the 2012 season...

Shop for Mens Fanatics Branded Charcoal/Navy Michigan Wolverines Mock Neck Quarter-Zip Pullover Jacket at Majestic Athletic. Majestic Athletic has been bringing innovation and new styles since 1976.

The Mission of the Midway Wolverines Football & Cheerleading Association is to provide a safe, enjoyable, and memorable experiences for all kids while teaching them the game of football and the joy of being a cheerleader.

The Nebraska womens golf team struggled in its first meet of the fall campaign, finishing 14th in the 16-team Wolverine Invitational in Michigan.

In our study, four complete novel gemycircularviruses were found in the mongoose and one in the badger feces. The first gemycircularvirus was discovered in 2010 in fungi [26]. Since then, these novel ssDNA circular viruses have been found in a wide range of hosts, including the cassava plant [27], badger feces [13], mosquitoes [25], dragonflies [28], Hypericum japonicum, a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae [29], as well as in the gut of a wide variety of mammals and birds from New Zealand [30]. Although these viruses were initially named gemini-like viruses, the novel genus gemycircularvirus was recently proposed by Rosario and colleagues [28]. Gemycircularviruses encode for a highly variable capsid protein and a more conserved replication associated protein (Rep). Figure 1 shows the phylogenetic analysis of known gemycircularviruses based on the amino acid level of the Rep gene. The viruses identified in this study showed to be distantly related to the currently known ...

The results support the conclusions of our earlier analysis, confirming that, even with independent renewal and depletion of the key resource, the effects of niche construction can override external sources of selection to create new evolutionary trajectories and equilibria, generate and eliminate polymorphisms, and produce time lags in the response to selection as well as other unusual dynamics.. The consequences of niche construction are particularly interesting when the selection it generates opposes the action of an external source of selection acting at the A locus. This kind of niche construction is likely to be common. Lewontin (7) points out that many of the activities of organisms, such as migration, hoarding of food resources, habitat selection, or thermoregulatory behavior, are adaptive precisely because they dampen statistical variation in the availability of environmental resources. Our results confirm that the frequency-dependent selection generated from the resource and modified ...

Alderman, Harold; Hoddinott, John F.; Kinsey, Bill. 2006. Long term consequences of early childhood malnutrition. Oxford Economic Papers 58(3): 450-474. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpl008 ...

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Sign in , Register. The New Zealand Copyright Act 1994 specifies certain circumstances where all or a substantial part of a copyright work may be used without the copyright owners permission. A fair dealing with copyright material does not infringe copyright if it is for the following purposes: research or private study; criticism or review; or reporting current events. If you are a legal copyright holder, or a designated agent for such, and you believe a post on this website falls outside the boundaries of fair dealing, and legitimately infringes on your or your clients copyright, please contact Kevin Flaherty. Cryptogon contains both original material and material from external sources. Original material: Copyright Kevin Flaherty. Material from external sources: Copyright the respective owners / authors.. Design by Andreas Viklund , Ported by Matteo Turchetto. ...

Sign in , Register. The New Zealand Copyright Act 1994 specifies certain circumstances where all or a substantial part of a copyright work may be used without the copyright owners permission. A fair dealing with copyright material does not infringe copyright if it is for the following purposes: research or private study; criticism or review; or reporting current events. If you are a legal copyright holder, or a designated agent for such, and you believe a post on this website falls outside the boundaries of fair dealing, and legitimately infringes on your or your clients copyright, please contact Kevin Flaherty. Cryptogon contains both original material and material from external sources. Original material: Copyright Kevin Flaherty. Material from external sources: Copyright the respective owners / authors.. Design by Andreas Viklund , Ported by Matteo Turchetto. ...