Mucins are large glycoproteins that cover epithelial surfaces of the body. All mucins contain at least one PTS domain, a region rich in proline, threonine and serine. Mucins are also characterized by von Willebrand D (VWD) domains or SEA domains. We have developed computational methods to identify mucin genes and proteins based on these properties of the proteins. Using such methods we are able to characterize different organisms where genome sequence is available with respect to their mucin repertoire. We have here made a comprehensive analysis of potential mucins encoded by the chicken (Gallus gallus) genome. Three transmembrane mucins (Muc4, Muc13, and Muc16) and four gel-forming mucins (Muc6, Muc2, Muc5ac, and Muc5b) were identified. The gel-forming mucins are encoded within a locus similar to the corresponding human mucins. However, the chicken has an additional gene inserted between Muc2 and Muc5ac that encodes the the α-subunit of ovomucin, a protein similar to Muc2, but it is lacking a PTS

There is intense interest in how bacteria interact with mucin glycoproteins in order to colonise mucosal surfaces. In this study, we have assessed the feasibility of using recombinant mucin glycoproteins to study the interaction of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori with MUC5AC, a mucin which the organism exhibits a distinct tropism for. Stable clonal populations of cells expressing a construct encoding for a truncated version of MUC5AC containing N- and C-termini interspersed with two native tandem repeat sequences (N + 2TR + C) were generated. Binding of H. pylori to protein immunoprecipitated from cell lysates and supernatants was assessed. High molecular weight mucin could be detected in both cell lysates and supernatants of transfected cells. Recombinant protein formed high molecular weight oligomers, was both N and O glycosylated, underwent cleavage similar to native MUC5AC and was secreted from the cell. H. pylori bound better to secreted mucin than intracellular mucin suggesting that

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a common form of inflammatory bowel disease, is a multifactorial disorder with significant genetic influence. Recently, evidence of linkage on chromosome 7q near the intestinal mucin gene MUC3 was reported by an affected sib-pair analysis. Previous reports indicate a possible mucin abnormality in UC patients, but whether genetic differences in a specific mucin gene are associated with UC is unknown. Here we analysed polymorphisms of variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) within this gene using DNAs obtained from 243 Japanese (75 patients with UC and 168 controls), and to confirm the result we undertook a two-stage examination using 328 Caucasian samples (72 and 85 with UC in the first and second stages, respectively, and 171 controls). When the frequency of patients carrying one or two rare VNTR alleles was compared with that of controls, a significant increase was found first in Japanese patients (odds ratio 2.72, 95% CI 1.17-6.32, P = 0. 0308). In Caucasians, the odds ratio

McGuckin M.A., Wright G. and Ward B.G. (1991) Expression of a polymorphic epithelial mucin antigen defined by the monoclonal antibody BC2 in ovarian carcinoma: Use of the BC2 antibody for the detection of micrometastases. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 96 1: 46-52. ...

0005] The glycocalyx of the corneal epithelium contains the transmembrane mucin (glycosylated glycoproteins present in the glycocalyx), MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16. Mucins are high molecular weight Glycoproteins that provide a protective layer on corneal epithelial surfaces and are involved in cell-cell interactions, signaling, and metastasis. MUCIN 1, a cell surface associated (MUC 1) or polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) is a mucin, the protein part of which is encoded by the MUC1 gene in humans. Mucin proteins penetrate the membranes of epithelial cells, on the inner surface of the intestine and other organs. Mucin protects the body from infection by binding to pathogens. These membrane mucins interact with soluble, secreted, gel-forming mucin produced by the goblet cells (MUC5AC) and also with others like MUC2. The lacrimal gland also secretes MUC7 into the tear film. These soluble mucin in the tear film moves freely, (made possible by blinking and electrostatic repulsion from the negatively ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Intestinal trefoil factor (TFF-3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in cholangiocarcinoma. AU - Ailawadhi, Sikander. AU - Nagase, Hiroki. AU - Khoury, Thaer. AU - Yu, Jihnhee. AU - Tan, Dongfeng. AU - Black, Jennifer. AU - Brattain, Michael. AU - Javle, Milind. PY - 2007/7. Y1 - 2007/7. N2 - Background/Aims: The mucin-associated trefoil factor (TFF) peptides are integral to cytoprotection. TFF-3 is aberrantly expressed in colorectal and hepatocellular cancer and associated with an invasive phenotype. TFF-3 is also expressed in normal biliary epithelium. However, its role in biliary cancers is unknown. The biological effects of TFFs may result from EGFR, PI3 kinase, COX-2 and STAT-mediated signaling. We investigated the expression of TFF-3, Erk, Akt, EGFR and COX-2 in biliary cancer. Methodology: Twenty-four consecutive cases of cholangiocarcinoma treated from 1996-2002 were studied. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies to TFF-3, EGFR, ...

The sustained delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs from hydrogels remains a challenge that requires the design of complex multifunctional synthetic polymers. In this work we exploit mucin glycoproteins, the gel-forming building blocks of natural mucus to deliver both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Mucins are a family of high molecular weight proteins which are densely glycosylated. Their central protein backbone contains hydrophobic and charged domains, while the mucin-associated glycans provide hydrogen bonding capabilities, high hydration, and negative charges. The biochemical versatility of mucins represents potential binding sites for certain drugs. If assembled into hydrogels, mucins could prevent drugs from freely diffusing out, leading to their sustained delivery. We generated methacrylated mucins which assembled into a covalently crosslinked mucin hydrogel when exposed to UV light. The rheological properties of the mucin gels were dominated by an elastic component, and ...

In the present study, we examined whether eosinophils induce MUC5AC mucin synthesis in airway epithelial cells. Our results showed that activated human eosinophils caused MUC5AC mucin synthesis in NCI-H292 cells. Similarly, the supernatant of activated eosinophils induced MUC5AC gene and protein synthesis in NCI-H292 cells, indicating that this effect of activated eosinophils was related to a secreted product.. Because EGFR activation is reported to cause mucin synthesis (13), we examined whether EGFR activation is required for activated eosinophil-induced mucin synthesis. Activated eosinophil supernatant induced EGFR phosphorylation in NCI-H292 cells, and selective inhibitors of EGFR tyrosine kinase blocked activated eosinophil-induced EGFR phosphorylation and MUC5AC synthesis completely; a selective PDGFR inhibitor (AG1295) and a negative control for tyrphostins (AG9) were without effect. These findings implicate EGFR tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in mucin synthesis induced by activated ...

Goblet cells reside throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are responsible for the production and preservation of a protective mucus blanket by synthesizing and secreting high molecular weight glycoproteins known as mucins. The concept of the mucus layer functioning as a dynamic protective barrier is suggested by studies showing changes in mucins in inflammatory conditions of the GI tract, by the altered goblet cell response in germ-free animals, and by the enhanced mucus secretion seen in response to infections. The mucin-containing mucus layer coating the GI epithelium is the front line of innate host defense. Mucins are likely to be the first molecules that invading pathogens interact with at the cell surface and thus, can limit binding to other glycoproteins and neutralize the pathogen. This review will focus on what is known about goblet cell response in various GI infections and the regulatory networks that mediate goblet cell function and mucin production in response to intestinal insults

TY - JOUR. T1 - Single molecule study of heterotypic interactions between mucins possessing the Tn cancer antigen. AU - Haugstad, Kristin E.. AU - Stokke, Bjørn T.. AU - Brewer, Curtis F.. AU - Gerken, Thomas A.. AU - Sletmoen, Marit. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - Mucins are linear, heavily O-glycosylated proteins with physiological roles that include cell signaling, cell adhesion, inflammation, immune response and tumorgenesis. Cancer-associated mucins often differ from normal mucins by presenting truncated carbohydrate chains. Characterization of the binding properties of mucins with truncated carbohydrate side chains could thus prove relevant for understanding their role in cancer mechanisms such as metastasis and recognition by the immune system. In this work, heterotypic interactions of model mucins that possess the Tn (GalNA-cαThr/Ser) and T (Galβ1-3GalNAcαThr/Ser) cancer antigens derived from porcine submaxillary mucin (PSM) were studied using atomic force microscopy. PSM possessing only ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Interaction of bile salt and phospholipids with bovine submaxillary mucin. AU - Wiedmann, T. S.. AU - Deye, C.. AU - Kallick, D.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and diffusion of sodium taurocholate-phospholipid micelles with mucin in order to provide the foundation for understanding the transport of ingested fat and poorly water-soluble drugs through the intestinal mucous layer. Methods. Sodium taurocholate NaTC was dispersed with egg phosphatidylcholines PC to yield mixed micelles of a specific size and concentration. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the time required for equilibration of PC/TC micellar solutions with mucin. PC/TC micellar solutions were dialyzed against fixed and variable concentrations of bovine submaxillary mucin after which the concentration of PC and NaTC was measured by an assay for total phosphorus and by HPLC, respectively. In addition, a quantitative assay of TC and PC by ...

Figure 1. Yearly number of publication related to mucins as reported by scicurve.com, using the keyword mucins.. This is because mucin research spans over many fields. Biologists have been intrigued by mucins since long. But more recently, microbiologists studying our microbiome have new reasons to find this class of biopolymers particularly exciting. For instance, they realized that intestinal mucus plays key roles in the behavior of both pathogenic and commensal bacteria. This will surely lead to many more microbiology studies with mucus/mucins as a key component (1,2). Similarly, recent findings in immunology describing interactions between dendritic cells and mucin-associated glycans will also attract attention to secreted mucins in that field (3).. Some physicists and biophysicists are also fascinated by mucins. Tribologists are trying to understand and recreate mucins efficient lubricity that is so precious for a healthy mouth and gastrointestinal tract (4,5). The field of oral drug ...

The mucin-type glycoprotein podoplanin is specifically expressed by lymphatic but not blood vascular endothelial cells in culture and in tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis, and podoplanin deficiency results in congenital lymphedema and impaired lymphatic vascular patterning. indicated by granulosa cells in regular ovarian follicles highly, and by ovarian granulosa and dysgerminomas cell tumors. Although podoplanin was absent from regular human being epidermis mainly, its manifestation was induced in 22 of 28 squamous cell carcinomas studied strongly. These findings recommend a potential part of podoplanin in tumor development, plus they also determine the 1st commercially obtainable antibody for the precise staining of a precise lymphatic marker in archival human being tissue sections, allowing more widespread research of tumor lymphangiogenesis in human cancers thereby. Lymphatic vessels play a significant part in the maintenance of cells homeostasis1 and in the transportation of immune system ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cystic fibrosis and the relationship between mucin and chloride secretion by cultures of human airway gland mucous cells. AU - Finkbeiner, Walter E.. AU - Zlock, Lorna T.. AU - Morikawa, Masatoshi. AU - Lao, Anna Y.. AU - Dasari, Vijay. AU - Widdicombe, Jonathan. PY - 2011/10. Y1 - 2011/10. N2 - We investigated how cystic fibrosis (CF) alters the relationship between Cl - and mucin secretion in cultures of non-CF and CF human tracheobronchial gland mucous (HTGM and CFTGM, respectively) cells. Biochemical studies showed that HTMG cells secreted typical airway mucins, and immunohistochemical studies showed that these cells expressed MUC1, MUC4, MUC5B, MUC8, MUC13, MUC16, and MUC20. Effects of cumulative doses of methacholine (MCh), phenylephrine (Phe), isoproterenol (Iso), and ATP on mucin and Cl - secretion were studied on HTGM and CFTGM cultures. Baseline mucin secretion was not significantly altered in CFTGM cells, and the increases in mucin secretion induced by mediators were ...

Mucins (/ˈmjuːsɪn/) are a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by epithelial tissues in most animals.[1] Mucins key characteristic is their ability to form gels; therefore they are a key component in most gel-like secretions, serving functions from lubrication to cell signalling to forming chemical barriers.[1] They often take an inhibitory role.[1] Some mucins are associated with controlling mineralization, including nacre formation in mollusks,[2] calcification in echinoderms[3] and bone formation in vertebrates.[4] They bind to pathogens as part of the immune system. Overexpression of the mucin proteins, especially MUC1, is associated with many types of cancer.[5] Although some mucins are membrane-bound due to the presence of a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that favors retention in the plasma membrane, most mucins are secreted as principal components of mucus by mucous membranes or are secreted to become a component of saliva. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Pattern of mucin gene expression in normal and neoplastic lung tissues. AU - Seregni, E.. AU - Botti, C.. AU - Lombardo, C.. AU - Cantoni, A.. AU - Bogni, A.. AU - Cataldo, I.. AU - Bombardieri, E.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. N2 - This work evaluates the expression in lung cancer of the most well characterized mucin genes (MUC1, MUC2, MUC3) and of the recently described MUC4 in lung tissues, to check a correlation between the expression of any particular gene and this tumor. Hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides obtained from a part of the sequences of MUC1, MUC2, MUC3 and MUC4, was performed on blotted RNA from 18 lung cancer tissue specimens and from 10 normal tissues samples taken, when possible, from the normal lung counterpart. By means of Northern blot analysis MUC1 revealed to be the most expressed mucin gene in lung cancer, followed by MUC4; by contrast, the expression of MUC2 and MUC3 was almost undetectable in all cancer specimens. The intensity of expression of MUC1 ...

Liu, C., Comparison of structural characteristics of major membrane-bound mucins from porcine milk and intestinal brush borders. (2003). Dairy Science Publication Database. 336 ...

Salivary secretions contain two distinct mucins, a high molecular weight mucin named MG1 and a low molecular weight mucin named MG2. Mucins protect oral surface...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effects of a novel nonantibiotic macrolide, EM900, on cytokine and mucin gene expression in a human airway epithelial cell line. AU - Otsu, Kazuya. AU - Ishinaga, Hajime. AU - Suzuki, Shinya. AU - Sugawara, Akihiro. AU - Sunazuka, Toshiaki. AU - Omura, Satoshi. AU - Jono, Hirofumi. AU - Takeuchi, Kazuhiko. PY - 2011/12. Y1 - 2011/12. N2 - Background/Aims: Long-term macrolide therapy is an effective treatment for chronic sinusitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis. However, long-term use of macrolides may promote the growth of drug-resistant bacteria; therefore, development of macrolides with no antibacterial action is desirable. A new erythromycin (EM) derivative, (8R,9S)- 8,9-dihydro-6,9-epoxy-8,9- anhydropseudoerythromycin A (EM900), does not possess antibacterial action. Methods: To determine whether EM900 induced a clinically relevant anti-inflammatory response and repressed mucin gene expression in cells derived from human airway epithelia, we assessed the effects of EM900 on ...

Mucins are high-molecular weight glycoproteins (0.25-20 MDa) containing one or more domains that are heavily O-glycosylated. Their implications as targets for cancer treatment have increased the interest in these glycoproteins, mainly in the fields of vaccines and antibodies. However, mucins present high heterogeneity, posing challenges that affect purification processes and quality control analysis. In that sense, it is necessary to develop and improve downstream processes and analytical methods to characterize these products. Here a tool based on biolayer interferometry analysis to improve mucins detection and quantification in a fast, simple and label free-way is presented. Taking advantage of lectin recognition of mucins carbohydrate structures, several lectins were evaluated and immobilized on streptavidin biosensors. Different assay conditions were optimized and the most suitable lectin, Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), was selected. Bovine Submaxillary Gland and human MUC5B mucins were ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhanced self-association of mucins possessing the T and Tn carbohydrate cancer antigens at the single-molecule level. AU - Haugstad, Kristin E.. AU - Gerken, Thomas A.. AU - Stokke, Bjørn T.. AU - Dam, Tarun K.. AU - Brewer, C. Fred. AU - Sletmoen, Marit. PY - 2012/5/14. Y1 - 2012/5/14. N2 - Mucins are linear O-glycosylated glycoproteins involved in inflammation, cell adhesion, and tumorigenesis. Cancer-associated mucins often possess increased expression of the T (Galβ1,3GalNAcαThr/Ser) and Tn (GalNAcαThr/Ser) cancer antigens, which are diagnostic markers for several cancers, including colon cancer. We have used AFM based single-molecule forced unbinding under near physiological conditions to investigate the self-interactions between porcine submaxillary mucin (PSM) as well as between PSM analogs possessing various carbohydrates including the T- and Tn-antigen. Distributions of unbinding forces and corresponding force loading rates were determined for force loading rates ...

We have previously reported the establishment of cytotoxic T-cell lines from pancreatic cancer patients, by continuously stimulating tumor-draining lymph node cells with allogeneic pancreatic tumor cell lines. After the preliminary characterization of their phenotype and tumor specificity, detailed studies performed with one of the cell lines, W.D., show that it recognizes a specific antigen, a large and heavily glycosylated mucin molecule, expressed on pancreatic and breast tumors and tumor cell lines. Although this recognition appears major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted, the antigen receptor used by the cytotoxic T cell is the alpha/beta heterodimer, typically found on MHC-restricted T cells. The target antigen is atypical, however, in its ability to directly bind and activate the T cells in the absence of self MHC, presumably by abundant and regularly repeated antigenic epitopes. These findings are important because they demonstrate a specific T-cell response against a human ...

LAA413Hu71, Biotin-Linked Polyclonal Antibody to Mucin 1 (MUC1), Homo sapiens (Human), Labelled antibody, CD227, EMA, H23AG, KL-6, PEM, PEMT, PUM, CA15-3, Cancer antigen 15-3, Carcinoma-associated mucin, Episialin, Peanut-reactive urinary mucin, Polymorphic epithelial mucin, Designed by Cloud-Clone Corp.

Mucins are high molar mass glycoproteins that assume an extended conformation and can assemble into mucus hydrogels that protect our mucosal epithelium. In nature, the challenging task of generating a mucus layer, several hundreds of micrometers in thickness, from micrometer-sized cells is elegantly solved by the condensation of mucins inside vesicles and their on-demand release from the cells where they suddenly expand to form the extracellular mucus hydrogel. We aimed to recreate and control the process of compaction for mucins, the first step toward a better understanding of the process and creating biomimetic in vivo delivery strategies of macromolecules. We found that by adding glycerol to the aqueous solvent, we could induce drastic condensation of purified mucin molecules, reducing their size by an order of magnitude down to tens of nanometers in diameter. The condensation effect of glycerol was fully reversible and could be further enhanced and partially stabilized by cationic ...

In gene-targeted mouse models for cystic fibrosis (CF), the disease is mainly manifested by mucus obstruction in the intestine. To explore the mucus composition, mucins insoluble and soluble in 6 M guanidinium chloride were purified by three rounds of isopycnic ultracentrifugation from the small and large intestines of CF mice (Cftr(m1UNC)/Cftr(m1UNC)) and compared with wild-type mice. The amino acid composition was typical of that for mucins and showed increased amounts of the insoluble (2.5-fold increase) and soluble (7-fold increase) mucins in the small intestine of the CF mice compared with wild-type mice. Mucins from the large intestine of both wild-type and CF mice showed a high but constant level of fucosylation. In contrast, the insoluble and soluble mucins of the small intestine in CF mice revealed a large increase in fucose, whereas those of wild-type mice contained only small amounts of fucose. This increased fucosylation was analysed by releasing the O-linked oligosaccharides ...

View more ,Efficient separation of mucins (200 kDa-2 MDa) was demonstrated using gradient SDS agarose/polyacrylamide composite gel electrophoresis (SDS-AgPAGE). Inclusion of urea (SDS-UAgPAGE) in the gels casting were shown to have no effect on the migration of mucins in the gel and allowed casting of gel at room temperature. This simplified the procedure for multiple casting of agarose polyacrylamide gradients and increased reproducibility of these gels. Hence, the implementation of urea makes the technique applicable for high throughput isolation and screening of mucin oligosaccharides by LC-MS after releasing the oligosaccharides from isolated, blotted mucin subpopulations. It was also shown that the urea addition had no effect on other supporting applications such as western and lectin blotting. In addition, identification of the mucin protein after tryptic digestion and LC-MS was possible and no protein carbamylation due to the presence of urea in the gel was detected. LC-MS software ...

An unusual case of a mucin secreting benign microfollicular adenoma of the thyroid in a 30 year old euthyroid woman is reported. Histologically, the lesion was characterised by follicular cells with the appearance of signet ring cells. Histochemistry showed the mucin content of these cells to consist uniformly of sulphated acid mucins; positive thyroglobulin immunostaining was also shown. The published work on primary mucin secreting tumours of the thyroid gland is reviewed. Dual differentiation is thought to be responsible for combined mucin secretion and hormone production in this type of neoplasm.. ...

Efficient separation of mucins (200 kDa-2 MDa) was demonstrated using gradient SDS agarose/polyacrylamide composite gel electrophoresis (SDS-AgPAGE). Inclusion of urea (SDS-UAgPAGE) in the gels casting were shown to have no effect on the migration of mucins in the gel and allowed casting of gel at room temperature. This simplified the procedure for multiple casting of agarose polyacrylamide gradients and increased reproducibility of these gels. Hence, the implementation of urea makes the technique applicable for high throughput isolation and screening of mucin oligosaccharides by LC-MS after releasing the oligosaccharides from isolated, blotted mucin subpopulations. It was also shown that the urea addition had no effect on other supporting applications such as western and lectin blotting. In addition, identification of the mucin protein after tryptic digestion and LC-MS was possible and no protein carbamylation due to the presence of urea in the gel was detected. LC-MS software developed for ...

Author(s): Ren, Binhui; Azzegagh, Zoulikha; Jaramillo, Ana M; Zhu, Yunxiang; Pardo-Saganta, Ana; Bagirzadeh, Rustam; Flores, Jose R; Han, Wei; Tang, Yong-Jun; Tu, Jing; Alanis, Denise M; Evans, Christopher M; Guindani, Michele; Roche, Paul A; Rajagopal, Jayaraj; Chen, Jichao; Davis, C William; Tuvim, Michael J; Dickey, Burton F | Abstract: Airway mucin secretion is important pathophysiologically and as a model of polarized epithelial regulated exocytosis. We find the trafficking protein, SNAP23, selectively expressed in secretory cells compared to ciliated and basal cells of airway epithelium by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence activated cell sorting, suggesting that SNAP23 functions in regulated but not constitutive epithelial secretion. Heterozygous SNAP23 deletant mutant mice show spontaneous accumulation of intracellular mucin, indicating a defect in baseline secretion. However mucins are release from perfused tracheas of mutant and wild-type mice at the same rate, suggesting that increased

The selectin family of cell adhesion molecules mediates the tethering and rolling of leukocytes on blood vessel endothelium. It has been postulated that the molecular basis of this highly dynamic adhesion is the low affinity and rapid kinetics of selectin interactions. However, affinity and kinetic analyses of monomeric selectins binding their natural ligands have not previously been reported. Leukocyte selectin (L-selectin, CD62L) binds preferentially to O-linked carbohydrates present on a small number of mucin-like glycoproteins, such as glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule-1 (GlyCAM-1), expressed in high endothelial venules. GlyCAM-1 is a soluble secreted protein which, following binding to CD62L, stimulates beta2-integrin-mediated adhesion of lymphocytes. Using surface plasmon resonance, we show that a soluble monomeric form of CD62L binds to purified immobilized GlyCAM-1 with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 108 microM. CD62L dissociates from GlyCAM-1 with a very fast dissociation rate

Latest reports claim that autoantibodies directed to glycosylated mucins aberrantly, specifically MUC4 and MUC1, are located in individuals with colorectal cancer. Rosetta2 (Novagen), nickel purified using NiNTA agarose (Qiagen, Venlo, NL) accompanied by HPLC purification before and after O-glycosylation. Items were analyzed by MALDI-TOF and SDS-PAGE mass spectrometry on the Voyager-DE? PRO workstation (Applied Biosystems, Lifestyle Technology, Carlsbad, CA) using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acidity (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri) as matrix. AB1010 Microarray MUC1, MUC4 and MUC2 glycopeptides and glycoproteins were printed on Schott Nexterion? Glide H MPX 48 (Schott AG, Mainz, Germany) as previously defined.18 In brief, triplicates of most peptides, in 150 mM sodium phosphate pH 8.5 with 0.005% CHAPS, were printed on the BioRobotics MicroGrid II spotter (Genomics Solution) having a 0.21-mm pitch using Stealth 3B Micro Spotting Pins (Telechem International ArrayIt Division). After printing, slides had been ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mechanistic and functional shades of mucins and associated glycans in colon cancer. AU - Pothuraju, Ramesh. AU - Krishn, Shiv Ram. AU - Gautam, Shailendra K.. AU - Pai, Priya. AU - Ganguly, Koelina. AU - Chaudhary, Sanjib. AU - Rachagani, Satyanarayana. AU - Kaur, Sukhwinder. AU - Batra, Surinder K.. PY - 2020/3. Y1 - 2020/3. N2 - Mucus serves as the chief protective barrier against pathogenic and mechanical insults in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. Altered mucin expression, the major component of mucus, in conjunction with differential glycosylation has been strongly associated with both benign and malignant pathologies of colon. Mucins and their associated glycans arbitrate their impact sterically as well as mechanically by altering molecular and microbial spectrum during pathogenesis. Mucin expression in normal and pathological conditions is regulated by nonspecific (dietary factors and gut microbiota) and specific (epigenetic and transcriptional) ...

To investigate the genetic identities of the mucins secreted in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways, sputum was collected from five individuals. Samples were separated into gel and sol phases by high-speed centrifugation and the gel phase was extracted in 6 M guanidinium chloride. The insoluble residue remaining after extraction of the gel phase was brought into solution by reduction/alkylation. Density-gradient centrifugation in CsCl revealed polydisperse distributions of sialic acid-containing mucins in the gel phase, insoluble residue and sol phase fractions and the degree of variation between the different individuals was low. Antibodies recognizing MUC5AC and MUC5B identified these mucins in each of the fractions. MUC2, however, was present only as a component of the insoluble residue from the gel which accounted for less than 4% by mass of the total mucins. MUC5B and MUC5AC from the gel phase were large oligomeric species composed of disulphide-bond linked subunits and MUC5B was present as two ...

Mucins are the primary macromolecular component of mucus-natures natural lubricant-although they are poorly characterised heterogeneous substances. Recent advances in hydrodynamic methodology now offer the opportunity for gaining a better understanding of their solution properties. In this study a combination of such methods was used to provide increased understanding of a preparation of porcine intestinal mucin (PIM), MUC2 mucin, in terms of both heterogeneity and quantification of conformational flexibility. The new sedimentation equilibrium algorithm SEDFIT-MSTAR is applied to yield a weight average (over the whole distribution) molar mass of 7.1 × 106 g mol−1, in complete agreement with size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS), which yielded a value of 7.2 × 106 g mol−1. Sedimentation velocity profiles show mucin to be very polydisperse, with a broad molar mass distribution obtained using the Extended Fujita algorithm, consistent with the ...

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The aim of this study was to assess the profile of mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC) in the intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the gastric mucosa through the immunohistochemical method.. Methods: To identify the metaplastic areas in the gastric mucosa, chromoendoscopy was employed using 0.5% solution of methylene blue. The expression of the profile of the mucins was determined using immunohistochemistry with MUC1, MUC5AC, and MUC2 antibodies (clone Ma695, clone CLH2, Ccp58 and CLH5, Novocastra Great Britain).. Results: In the regions adjacent to the adenocarcinoma and neoplastic modified cells, a visible weak expression of MUC2 and MUC5AC was observed. In the case of complete IM, a visibly maximum MUC2 expression was observed in the goblet cells; thus, the MUC5AC, MUC1, and MUC6 marking were absent in the columnar epitheliocytes with the brush border. In the case of incomplete IM, along with the positive MUC2 markings of the goblet cells, the presence of gastric mucin (MUC5AC) has been observed in 25% of ...

Looking for mucin clot test? Find out information about mucin clot test. see glycoprotein glycoprotein , organic compound composed of both a protein and a carbohydrate joined together in covalent chemical linkage. These... Explanation of mucin clot test

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From repairing skin damage and providing anti-aging benefits to soothing irritated skin and fading acne scars, snail mucin, or snail secretion filtrate, offers so many benefits. Its truly a versatile ingredient, suitable for all skin types and concerns, and plays well with other ingredients. Studies have shown that snail mucin even helps with atopic dermatitis. In fact, even before snail mucin became popular as a skin care ingredient, the main component of snail mucin, Chondroiton sulfate, was recognized for its ability to help improve arthritis, liver diseases, nephritis, and fatigue.. But have you ever wondered where snail mucin comes from? You might be thinking that snails are plucked from their natural habitats and forced to produce mucin, which eventually ends up in pretty packaging on store shelves. Or you might have assumed that snail mucin is artificially created in a petri dish and then mass produced to meet the high demand for snail mucin. The answer is none of the above. Read on for ...

MUC5AC (mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming), Authors: Raquel Mejías-Luque, Lara Cobler, Carme de Bolós. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mucins in pancreatic cancer and its microenvironment. AU - Kaur, Sukwinder. AU - Kumar, Sushil. AU - Momi, Navneet. AU - Sasson, Aaron R.. AU - Batra, Surinder Kumar. PY - 2013/10/1. Y1 - 2013/10/1. N2 - Pancreatic cancer remains a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis owing to therapeutic resistance, frequent recurrence and the absence of treatment strategies that specifically target the tumour and its supporting stroma. Deregulated cell-surface proteins drive neoplastic transformations and are envisioned to mediate crosstalk between the tumour and its microenvironment. Emerging studies have elaborated on the role of mucins in diverse biological functions, including enhanced tumorigenicity, invasiveness, metastasis and drug resistance through their characteristic O-linked and N-linked oligosaccharides (glycans), extended structures and unique domains. Multiple mucin domains differentially interact and regulate different components of the tumour microenvironment. This Review ...

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a heterodimeric protein that is aberrantly expressed by diverse human carcinomas and certain hematological malignancies (Kufe, 2009). The overexpression of MUC1, as found in human cancers, is associated with the induction of anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity (Li et al., 2003). Based on these findings, MUC1 has emerged as an attractive target for the development of anticancer agents. However, the identification of drugs that block MUC1 has been limited by the lack of sufficient information regarding how MUC1 contributes to the growth and survival of malignant cells. In this regard, the MUC1 protein is translated by a single mRNA and then undergoes autocleavage into two subunits that in turn form a heterodimer (Kufe, 2009). The MUC1 N-terminal subunit is the mucin component of the heterodimer that contains the characteristic glycosylated tandem repeats and is expressed on the cell surface in a complex with the MUC1 C-terminal transmembrane subunit (MUC1-C) (Kufe, ...

TFF-2, human recombinant protein, Trefoil Factor 2, Spasmolytic polypeptide (SP), Spasmolysin validated in (PBV10395r-100), Abgent

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Natural fragmentation of polypeptide chains by autoproteolysis occurs in a number of protein families. It is a vital step in the maturation of several enzymes and in the formation of membrane-associated mucins that constitute a part of the protective mucus barrier lining epithelial cells. These reactions follow similar routes involving an initial N-O or N-S acyl shift starting with a nucleophilic attack by a hydroxyl or thiol group on a carbonyl carbon followed by resolution of the ester intermediate. Previous studies indicate that distortion of the scissile peptide bond may play a role in autoproteolysis. Our structural, biochemical and molecular dynamics studies of the autoproteolyzed SEA domains from human membrane-bound mucin MUC1 and human orphan receptor GPR116 confirmed this by revealing a novel biochemical mechanism where the folding free energy accelerates cleavage by imposing conformational strain in the precursor structure. This mechanism may well be general for autoproteolysis. The ...

臺大位居世界頂尖大學之列，為永久珍藏及向國際展現本校豐碩的研究成果及學術能量，圖書館整合機構典藏（NTUR）與學術庫（AH）不同功能平台，成為臺大學術典藏NTU scholars。期能整合研究能量、促進交流合作、保存學術產出、推廣研究成果。. To permanently archive and promote researcher profiles and scholarly works, Library integrates the services of NTU Repository with Academic Hub to form NTU Scholars.. ...

Extraction, characterization, and use of mucin biopolymers for biomedical applications.. For thousands of years, and still today, humans have exploited natural materials for their benefit. For instance, wood-extracted cellulose fibers are used to make paper and animal-extracted hyaluronic acid is used in cosmetic anti wrinkle creams. In this proposal we will develop the use of mucins, i.e. a molecules extracted from mucus, for biomedical applications. Mucins are the main components of mucus, the gel that covers the wet epithelium of all mammals. Commonly secreted by animal tissues, they can be extracted from abundant sources such as pig stomachs and bovine submaxillary glands.. The study and technological use of mucins are hampered by the poor control over the quality of the mucins available. In this proposal, we first aim to develop a quality-control benchmark by measuring a series of physical and biochemical properties. Using this benchmark, we will then identify new processes to efficiently ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Chromosomal Localization of a Human Mucin Gene (MUC8) and Cloning of the cDNA Corresponding to the Carboxy Terminus. AU - Shankar, Viswanathan. AU - Pichan, Prabhasankar. AU - Eddy, Roger L.. AU - Tonk, Vijay. AU - Nowak, Norma. AU - Sait, Sheila N J. AU - Shows, Thomas B.. AU - Schultz, Roger E.. AU - Gotway, Garrett. AU - Elkins, Ronald C.. AU - Gilmore, Michael S.. AU - Sachdev, Goverdhan P.. PY - 1997. Y1 - 1997. N2 - A partial cDNA (pAM1) encoding a major airway mucin glycoprotein with novel tandem repetitive sequence has recently been cloned. In this article, we report additional new sequence derived by 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. The sequence corresponds to a stop codon, 3′-untranslated region of 458 bp, a polyadenylation signal, and poly A+ tail, and represents the extreme carboxy terminus of MUC8. A plasmid construct (pAM3) in pBluescript was generated by in-frame ligation of pAM1 to the 479-bp 3′UTR of MUC8. A 5′-end 325-bp fragment of this ...

Mucin glycoproteins are secreted in large amounts by the intestinal epithelium and constitute an efficient component of innate immune defenses to promote homeostasis and protect against enteric pathogens. In this study, our objective was to investigate how the bacterial enteropathogen Shigella flexneri, which causes bacillary dysentery, copes with the mucin defense barrier. We report that upon in vitro infection of mucin-producing polarized human intestinal epithelial cells, virulent S. flexneri manipulates the secretion of gel-forming mucins. This phenomenon, which is triggered only by virulent strains, results in accumulation of mucins at the cell apical surface, leading to the appearance of a gel-like structure that favors access of bacteria to the cell surface and the subsequent invasion process. We identify MUC5AC, a gel-forming mucin, as a component of this structure. Formation of this gel does not depend on modifications of electrolyte concentrations, induction of trefoil factor expression,

1. Human gallbladder mucin has been implicated to play a role in gallstone disease. In spite of this fact relatively little is known about the structure of human gallbladder mucin. In this study we have investigated the possible heterogeneity of mucin. For this purpose polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against gallbladder mucin were raised. All antibodies reacted primarily with carbohydrate antigenic determinants. With these antibodies the immunoreactivity of gallbladder mucin from 60 patients with cholesterol gallstones and 20 subjects without stones was screened. In addition, reactivity with several lectins was studied.. 2. Considerable heterogeneity was found with both antibody and lectin typing, but there was no significant difference in heterogeneity between mucin from patients with gallstones and control subjects. Immunoblotting revealed that there was similarity between the reaction of the polyclonal antibody and the Helix pomatia agglutinin. All mucin preparations reacting with the ...

The commensal bacteria in colon live and thrive in the outer loose mucus layer. This is possible after the Muc2 mucin network has expanded in volume, such that it allows the bacteria to penetrate into the mucin network. Once inside the mucus gel, the commensal bacteria can use its large number of glycan-degrading enzymes that release one monosaccharide at a time from the mucin glycans. In this way, it will take some time for the bacterial enzymes to reach and expose the mucin protein core for proteolysis that will degrade the mucin protein core. In this way the mucin polymeric network of the loose mucus is maintained for some time to give a relatively thick outer mucus layer. Although difficult to visualize, the outer loose mucus will probably be increasingly degraded the closer it comes to the luminal content. It is further indicated that bacteria contribute to dissolving the outer loose mucus as germ-free mice have, relative to the inner layer, a thick outer loose mucus layer (16). As ...

Purpose : Terminally differentiated stratified epithelial cells maintain barrier function at the ocular surface through a specialized protective structure composed of highly O-glycosylated transmembrane mucins. Relatively low levels of N-glycans are found on transmembrane mucins, and their structure and function remains poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to define the contribution of mucin N-glycans to the ocular surface glycocalyxl barrier. Methods : Transmembrane mucins were purified from stratified corneal epithelial cell cultures using size exclusion chromatography and isopycnic density centrifugation. N-glycans released from mucin isolates were analyzed by liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. N-glycosylation was inhibited using chemical, enzymatic and siRNA (MGAT1) approaches. Plasma membrane proteins were labeled by biotinylation. Lectin blot, immunoblot, and qPCR were used to determine levels of carbohydrate, protein, and mRNA, ...

BACKGROUND: Bacterial gastroenteritis causes morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. Murine Citrobacter rodentium infection is a model for gastroenteritis caused by the human pathogens enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli. Mucin glycoproteins are the main component of the first barrier that bacteria encounter in the intestinal tract. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using Immunohistochemistry, we investigated intestinal expression of mucins (Alcian blue/PAS, Muc1, Muc2, Muc4, Muc5AC, Muc13 and Muc3/17) in healthy and C. rodentium infected mice. The majority of the C. rodentium infected mice developed systemic infection and colitis in the mid and distal colon by day 12. C. rodentium bound to the major secreted mucin, Muc2, in vitro, and high numbers of bacteria were found in secreted MUC2 in infected animals in vivo, indicating that mucins may limit bacterial access to the epithelial surface. In the small intestine, caecum and proximal colon, the mucin expression ...

Abstract: : Purpose: Our previous investigations proved that conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) is a valid, non-invasive technique that is useful to detect mRNA levels of ocular mucin genes in healthy individuals. This study was designed to perform the relative quantitation of MUC1, 2, 4, 5AC and 7 mucin genes in CIC samples from healthy males and females, younger and older of 60 years of age. Methods: Two polyethersulfone filters were applied to the superior bulbar conjunctiva of 38 healthy donors. Two age categories were considered: less that 60 years (7 males, 7 females), and 60 years or older (15 males, 9 females). Real time RT-PCR was performed using total RNA to examine the expression of MUC1, 2, 4, 5AC and 7. Their relative quantity was determined by SYBR® Green I dye detection. The housekeeping gene GAPDH was used to normalize the amount of expression levels. Data of mucin genes were analyzed using a logarithmic transformation to obtain a distribution closer to the normal ...

Mucin glycoproteins play a key role in the normal function of the airway epithelium. We examined the expression of mucin genes, MUC3, 4, 5AC, 5B, 6, 7, and 8 in human fetal tissues to establish the localization and age of onset of expression of each mucin gene during human development. We detected expression of MUC4, 5AC, 5B, and 7 in the mid-trimester airway epithelium but did not detect expression of MUC3, 6, or 8. MUC4 was expressed in the trachea and large airways in the majority of cells in the airway epithelium. Expression of MUC5AC was only seen in individual goblet cells in the trachea, while MUC5B was expressed in the surface epithelium of the trachea at 13 wk but was largely restricted to submucosal glands by 23 wk of gestation.

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mucin-type glycans are conjugated glycans linked through N-acetylgalactosamine at the reducing end to ser or thr in the peptide. They are found primarily in secreted mucins and membrane-bound glycoproteins, including some mucins. One major function of membrane-associated mucin-type glycans is to guide the migration of circulating leukocytes to site of injury and lymphoid tissues through interaction of sialyl Lewis x- containing glycans located at the non-reducing termini with selectins. The major function of mucin-type glycans in secreted mucins is to protect mucus-secetroy tissues by retention of water, and trapping and clearance of airborne and injected pathogens. Functions of both types of glycans are controlled to a large extent by 6GlcNAc branch structures;for membrane-associated mucin-type glycans, it is core 2 and for mucin-type glycans found in secreted mucins, it is core 2, core 4, and blood group I antigen. Core 2 can be synthesized by core 2 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mucin expression profile in Barretts, dysplasia, adenocarcinoma sequence in the esophagus. AU - Burjonrappa, S. C.. AU - Reddimasu, S.. AU - Nawaz, Z.. AU - Gao, X.. AU - Sharma, Poonam K. AU - Loggie, Brian W.. PY - 2007/1/1. Y1 - 2007/1/1. N2 - BACKGROUND: The molecular events that accompany the progression to adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the esophagus are poorly understood. Aberrant mucin receptor expression can contribute to increased cell growth and metastatic ability. AIM: The aim of this study was to establish a pattern for mucin (MUC) gene expression in the esophageal mucosa under normal and pathological conditions. SETTING: University Hospital Cancer Center Laboratory. Archived tissue samples studied in a retrospective fashion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue samples were obtained from the archives of patients with histological evidence of Barretts esophagus (BE) progressing to ADC. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using mouse monoclonal antibodies for MUC1, MUC2, ...

Snail mucin is pretty much exactly what it sounds like: it is a slimy secretion that comes from everyones favorite garden critter, snails.. According to popular K-beauty blog The Klog, snail mucin is harvested from species of edible snails like the Roman snail (the kind most often used in escargot), the garden snail, and the giant African snail. By only using snail mucin harvested from edible snails, beauty brands can ensure that the snail mucin used in their products are safe for topical application.. The snails are grown in captivity for sanitary and sustainability purposes, and snail farmers from Chile to Italy have developed ways to extract the magic goo without harming the snails. As featured in a short documentary by Great Big Story, Italian scientist and snail farmer Simone Sampo created a machine that he calls a spa for snails that helps the snails produce batches of mucin before they are re-released into Sampos garden.. It is worth noting that the snail mucin used in beauty products ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of alkali treatment of mucin on the mucoadhesive properties and tablet parameters of metronidazole tablets. Mucin was extracted from the African giant snails (Archachatina maginata) by differential precipitation using acetone, air-dried and pulverized. Different portion of the mucin powder was treated with mineral bases (sodium and ammonium hydroxides) and organic base (pyridine) at high and low concentrations and at varied times of 1 and 12 h. Ten batches of metronidazole tablets (B1-B10) were prepared with the modified mucin by direct compression. Their granules and tablets were evaluated for flow properties and tablets parameters, respectively. Tablet mucoadhesion was determined using the mass flow rate method. All the batches of granules gave good flow characteristics with their angles of repose , 30°. The formulated tablets passed the weight variation test and had hardness values within the range of 3.2 to 5.0 kp and friability of ...

Genomic organization of the 3′-region of the human MUC5AC mucin gene: additional evidence for a common ancestral gene for the 11p15.5 mucin gene family ...

Changes in the expression of mucin genes in gastrointestinal cancers is thought to contribute to the development of the disease. In our laboratory we have shown previously that MUC5AC is aberrantly expressed in rectosigmoid villous adenomas. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying that altered profile of expression is unknown. In order to study its regulation at the transcriptional level, we have isolated and characterized 5.5 kb of the 5´-flanking region of the mouse Muc5ac mucin gene. The promoter is flanked by a TATA box and a transcriptional start site is located 22 bp downstream of the TATA box. Analysis of the sequence showed a high density of binding sites for Smad4, an essential factor in the signalling cascade activated by TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), and Sp1, an important factor in the regulation of MUC5AC. This led us to study Muc5ac regulation by TGF-β. We show that exogenous addition of TGF-β to the cells induces Muc5ac endogenous expression, promoter activity ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular basis of antibody binding to mucin glycopeptides in lung cancer. AU - Qu, Jin. AU - Yu, Hongtao. AU - Li, Fenge. AU - Zhang, Chunlei. AU - Trad, Ahmad. AU - Brooks, Cory. AU - Zhang, Bin. AU - Gong, Ting. AU - Guo, Zhi. AU - Li, Yunsen. AU - Ragupathi, Govind. AU - Lou, Yanyan. AU - Hwu, Patrick. AU - Huang, Wei. AU - Zhou, Dapeng. PY - 2016/2. Y1 - 2016/2. N2 - Glycopeptides bearing Tn epitopes are emerging targets for cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy. In this study, we analyzed membrane proteins containing O-glycosylated tandem repeat (TR) sequences in lung cancer patients of different types and stages, using gene microarray data in public domain. The expression of Tn and glycopeptide epitopes on the surface of lung cancer cell lines were studied by monoclonal IgG antibodies 14A, 16A, and B72.3. The binding of mAbs to synthetic glycopeptides were studied by surface plasmon resonance. Nine mucin mRNAs were found to be expressed in lung cancer patients but at similar ...

Mucous membranes are covered with mucus, a viscoelastic hydrogel that plays an essential role in their protection from shear and pathogens. The viscoelasticity of mucus is owing to mucins, a group of densely glycosylated proteins. Mucins can interact with a wide range of surfaces; thus, there is big interest in exploring and manipulating such interactions for biomedical applications. This thesis presents investigations of mucin interactions with hydrophobic surfaces in order to identify the key features of mucin lubricity, as well as describes the development of materials that are optimized to interact with mucins.. In Paper I we investigated the domains which make mucins outstanding boundary lubricants. The results showed that the hydrophobic terminal domains of mucins play a crucial role in the adsorption and lubrication on hydrophobic surfaces. Specifically, protease digestion of porcine gastric mucins and salivary mucins resulted in the cleavage of these domains and the loss of lubricity and ...

O-glycans are a class of glycans that modify serine or threonine residues of proteins. Biosynthesis of O-glycans starts from the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to serine or threonine. The first GalNAc may be extended with sugars including galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, or sialic acid, but not mannose, glucose, or xylose. Depending on the sugars added, there are four common O-glycan core structures, cores 1 through 4, and an additional four, cores 5 though 8. Mucins are highly O-glycosylated glycoproteins ubiquitous in mucous secretions on cell surfaces and in body fluids. Mucin O-glycans can be branched, and many sugars or groups of sugars are antigenic. Important modifications of mucin O-glycans include O-acetylation of sialic acid and O-sulfation of galactose and N-acetylglucosamine ...

O-glycans are a class of glycans that modify serine or threonine residues of proteins. Biosynthesis of O-glycans starts from the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to serine or threonine. The first GalNAc may be extended with sugars including galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, or sialic acid, but not mannose, glucose, or xylose. Depending on the sugars added, there are four common O-glycan core structures, cores 1 through 4, and an additional four, cores 5 though 8. Mucins are highly O-glycosylated glycoproteins ubiquitous in mucous secretions on cell surfaces and in body fluids. Mucin O-glycans can be branched, and many sugars or groups of sugars are antigenic. Important modifications of mucin O-glycans include O-acetylation of sialic acid and O-sulfation of galactose and N-acetylglucosamine ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - IL-13 induces mucin production by stimulating epidermal growth factor receptors and by activating neutrophils. AU - Shim, Jae Jeong. AU - Dabbagh, Karim. AU - Ueki, Iris F.. AU - Dao-Pick, Trang. AU - Burgel, Pierre Regis. AU - Takeyama, Kiyoshi. AU - Tam, Dominic Cheng Wei. AU - Nadel, Jay A.. PY - 2001/1. Y1 - 2001/1. N2 - Mucus hypersecretion contributes to the morbidity and mortality in acute asthma. Both T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling have been implicated in allergen-induced goblet cell (GC) metaplasia. Present results show that a cascade of EGFR involving neutrophils is implicated in interleukin (IL)-13-induced mucin expression in GC. Treatment with a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor prevented IL-13-induced GC metaplasia dose dependently and completely. Instillation of IL-13 also induced tumor necrosis factor-α protein expression, mainly in infiltrating neutrophils. Control airway epithelium contained few ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mucin staining is of limited value in addition to basic immunohistochemical analyses in the diagnostics of non-small cell lung cancer. AU - Micke, Patrick. AU - Botling, Johan. AU - Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta. AU - Planck, Maria. AU - Tran, Lena. AU - Vidarsdottir, Halla. AU - Nodin, Björn. AU - Jirström, Karin. AU - Brunnström, Hans. PY - 2019/12/1. Y1 - 2019/12/1. N2 - Accurate diagnosis of histological type is important for therapy selection in lung cancer. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and histochemical stains are often used to complement morphology for definite diagnosis and are incorporated in the WHO classification. Our main aim was to compare different mucin stains and assess their value in relation to common IHC analyses in lung cancer diagnostics. Using tissue microarrays from 657 surgically treated primary lung cancers, we evaluated the mucin stains periodic acid-Schiff with diastase (PASD), alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (ABPAS) and mucicarmine, and compared ...

Background: Repair of bone damage represents a fundamental issue in the treatment of periodontitis. The important indicator employed to monitor the bone damage repair process is the number of osteoblast cells. Achatina Fulica snail mucin (SM) contains glycosaminoglycans which have the potential to increase their number. However, the use of SM in dentistry remains limited. Purpose: To determine and prove the effect of SM gel in increasing the number of osteoblasts in rat models suffering from periodontitis. Methods: This study used 36 rat models divided into three groups, namely; a treatment group (T: 20% snail mucin gel, n = 12), a positive-control group (P: hyaluronic acid gel, n = 12) and a negative-control group (N: CMC-Na gel, n = 12). 0.2 ml of all material was applied to a pocket by means of a tuberculin syringe once a day for 14 days. Histologic observations using Haematoxylin-Eosin staining were carried out on days 3, 5, 7 and 14. Data was analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc LSD.

The present study was undertaken to analyze the role of the MUC4 mucin in pancreatic tumor development and progression. Mucins are generally known to protect surface epithelia from injuries and infections under normal physiological conditions but often display deregulated expression in malignant cells (4 , 6 , 10) . We have previously reported that the human mucin gene MUC4 is aberrantly expressed in pancreatic tumors and cell lines but has no detectable expression in the normal pancreas (10) . The present in vitro and in vivo data reveal that the silencing of MUC4 expression results in altered tumor cell behavior, decreased growth, and a marked reduction in metastatic incidences in an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer. These results are in support of the previous observations and establish a direct association of MUC4 expression with the disease development.. Down-regulating the expression is one of the convenient and reliable approaches for functional analyses of genes (reviewed in ...

MUC5AC (Mucin 5AC / Gastric Mucin) Antibody, Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [Clone MUC5AC/917 ] validated in IHC, IF, FC (AH11914-7), Abgent

The MUC-1 antigen is a membrane-anchored mucin-type glycoprotein present in malignant and normal epithelial cells of certain organs, e.g. breast, lung, ovary, pancreas and colon (1). The apoprotein of the MUC-1 mucin contains a transmembrane domain, a cytoplasmic domain, and an extracellular carbohydrate rich domain. The extracellular domain is characterized by polymorphism with respect to the number of a 20 amino acid tandem repeat (VNTR polymorphism). The CanAg CA15-3 EIA is based on two mouse monoclonal antibodies, Ma695 as catcher antibody recognizing a sialylated carbohydrate epitope expressed on the MUC-1 antigen and Ma552 as tracer antibody targeting the PDTRPAPG region of the protein core (2-5).The MUC-1 breast cancer mucin (CA15-3 antigen) is secreted from tumor cells and is a well-established serological marker for monitoring the clinical course of breast cancer patients (6). ...

This graph shows the total number of publications written about Gastric Mucins by people in this website by year, and whether Gastric Mucins was a major or minor topic of these publications ...

Trousseau described spontaneous, recurrent superficial migratory thrombophlebitis associated with occult cancers, and this was later correlated with disseminated microangiopathy (platelet-rich clots in small blood vessels). Trousseau syndrome often occurs with mucinous adenocarcinomas, which secrete abnormally glycosylated mucins and mucin fragments into the bloodstream. Since carcinoma mucins can have binding sites for selectins, we hypothesized that selectin-mucin interactions might trigger this syndrome. When highly purified, tissue-factor free carcinoma mucin preparations were intravenously injected into mice, platelet-rich microthrombi were rapidly generated. This pathology was markedly diminished in P- or L-selectin-deficient mice. Heparin (an antithrombin-potentiating agent that can also block P- and L-selectin recognition of ligands) ameliorated this platelet aggregation, but had no additional effect in P- or L-selectin-deficient mice. Inhibition of endogenous thrombin by recombinant ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Virtual pancreatoscopy of mucin-producing pancreatic tumors. AU - Nakagohri, Toshio. AU - Jolesz, Ferenc A.. AU - Okuda, Shigeo. AU - Asano, Takehide. AU - Kenmochi, Takashi. AU - Kainuma, Osamu. AU - Tokoro, Yoshiharu. AU - Aoyama, Hiromichi. AU - Lorensen, William E.. AU - Kikinis, Ron. N1 - Funding Information: Information in this article was presented at the First International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MIC- CAI 98), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, October I 1-1 3, 1998. This study was supported by the Japan Association for the Advancement of Medical Equipments. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - We used computer-based virtual endoscopy techniques as a novel approach to clarify the three-dimensional (3D) surgical anatomy of the pancreas and of mucin-producing pancreatic tumors. Thirteen cases (18 lesions) of mucin- producing pancreatic ...

Healthy individuals have few goblet cells in their airways, but in patients with hypersecretory diseases goblet-cell upregulation results in mucus hypersecretion, airway plugging, and death. Multiple stimuli produce hypersecretion via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and activation, causing goblet-cell metaplasia from Clara cells by a process of cell differentiation. These cells are also believed to be the cells of origin of non-small-cell lung cancer, but this occurs via cell multiplication. The mechanisms that determine which pathway is chosen are critical but largely unknown. Although no effective therapy exists for hypersecretion at present, the EGFR cascade suggests methods for effective therapeutic intervention.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical presentation of mucin-secreting tumors of the pancreas. AU - Tibayan, Frederick (Fred). AU - Vierra, Mark. AU - Mindelzun, Bob. AU - Tsang, Don. AU - McClenathan, James. AU - Young, Harvey. AU - Trueblood, H. Ward. PY - 2000/5/15. Y1 - 2000/5/15. N2 - Background: Pancreatitis and jaundice secondary to ductal obstruction are common in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMT) of the pancreas. However, the incidence and severity of the complications of obstruction are not well documented. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical presentation and outcome of 10 patients with IPMT. Methods: All cases of IPMT diagnosed between 1994 and 1999 were reviewed. Results: Four of the 10 patients developed severe acute illness with systemic complications resulting from ductal obstruction. Three suffered acute cholangitis with sepsis, and 1 developed necrotizing pancreatitis and ARDS. There was 1 postoperative death in a patient with adenocarcinoma. All other patients are ...

Experiment with focus on mucin. In 2009 Yana Znamenskaya Falk moved to Sweden for a PhD study at Malmö University. In her PhD Yana chose to focus on the effect of hydration on the structural, thermodynamic and rheological properties of biopolymer mucin, which is a main component of mucus. Mucus is a slippery secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. Yana is currently working at Biofilms, Research Center for Biointerfaces, at Malmö University where she has continued her research study on mucin. In 2016 Yana participated in an experiment project within MAX4ESSFUN.. Yana explains that mucus consists primarily of water (95%), the glycoprotein mucin and other components and it can be found in all internal tracts of the body, f. ex. the mouth, nose, throat, sinuses, stomach and lungs. One of the essential functions of the mucous gel is protection of tissues against dehydration (drying). In order to fulfil this function, the mucous gel should be strongly hydrated, i.e. it should contain ...

Description: Muc1 is a heavily O-glycosylated transmembrane protein expressed on most secretory epithelium, including mammary gland and some hematopoietic cells. It is expressed abundantly in lactating mammary glands and overexpressed in ,90% breast carcinomas and metastases. In normal mammary gland it is expressed in apical surface of glandular epithelium. In breast cancer Muc1 is overexpressed; is underglycosylated and the apical localization is lost. Muc1 is transcribed as a larger precursor which is cleaved to form a larger mucin like subunit (265-400kD) and a smaller subunit (14-28kD) noncovalently associated with each other. Transgenic Muc1 has been shown to associate with all four erbB receptors and localize with erbB1 (EGFR) in lactating glands1. Muc1 can act as a ligand for ICAM-1 on HUVEC cells; it can bind beta-catenin, GSK3beta and it associates with Grb2-SOS upon phosphorylation. Epithelial Membrane Antigen, also referred to as EMA, CA15-3, Polymorphic Epithelial Mucin, PEM, ...

We reported recently that interleukin (IL)-1β exposure resulted in a prolonged increase in MUC5AC mucin production in normal, well differentiated, human tracheobronchial epithelial (NHTBE) cell cultures, without significantly increasing MUC5AC mRNA (Am J Physiol 286:L320-L330, 2004). The goal of the present study was to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in IL-1β-induced MUC5AC production. We found that IL-1β increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and prostaglandin (PG) E2 production and that the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib suppressed IL-1β-induced MUC5AC production. Addition of exogenous PGE2 to NHTBE cultures also increased MUC5AC production and IL-1β-induced Muc5ac hypersecretion in tracheas from wild-type but not from COX-2-/- mice. NHTBE cells expressed all four E-prostanoid (EP) receptor subtypes and misoprostol, an EP2 and EP4 agonist, increased MUC5AC production, whereas sulprostone, an EP1 and EP3 agonist, did not. Furthermore, specific protein kinase A (PKA) ...

Mucin production by human colonic carcinoma cells correlates with their metastatic potential in animal models of colon cancer metastasis.: Patients with mucinou

A lambda gt11 cDNA library constructed from human tracheo-bronchial mucosa was screened with a polyclonal antiserum raised to chemically deglycosylated pronase glycopeptides from human bronchial mucins. Out of 20 positives clones, one partial cDNA clone was isolated and allowed to map a novel human …

A slimy layer of mucus serves as the first line of defense against problematic microbes like the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. We have identified mucins, the major gel-forming components of mucus, and their complex sugar structures (glycans) as protective molecules that suppress microbial virulence traits including toxin secretion, bacterial communication, and surface attachment.. This virulence reduction is associated with less host cell killing in vitro (Figure) and less colonization of burn wounds.. Significance: By attenuating the virulence of pathogens rather than eradicating them, mucin glycans are attractive candidates for novel therapeutics.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Distinctive roles of vitamin A in the regulation of mucin-like glycoprotein and keratin protein synthesis in cultured rabbit tracheal epithelial cells. AU - Wu, Reen. PY - 1982. Y1 - 1982. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0020465996&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0020465996&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. AN - SCOPUS:0020465996. VL - 95. JO - Journal of Cell Biology. JF - Journal of Cell Biology. SN - 0021-9525. IS - 2 II. ER - ...

Objectives. To characterise mucins in cancer of the colon and compare these with controls using stringent biochemical measures to avoid endogenous proteolysis. Design. Crude mucus scrapings were collected from 12 specimens obtained by colectomy. Specimens from 3 traumatic colectomies and 1 sigmoid volvulus were used as controls, and compared with 6 specimens from colons resected for adenocarcinoma and 2 irradiated colons. Subjects. The median age of the 4 female patients was 76 years (range 49 - 82 years), and of the 8 male patients 46.5 years (range 16 - 74 years). Results and conclusions. The crude mucus scrapings in the 9 specimens ranged in weight from 353 mg to 7 697 mg (median 4 928 mg). The median of purified mucin in the 9 specimens was 0.72 mg/mg wet weight of scraped material. Eight samples gave non-extractable pellet material, and were treated with DTT to reduce disulphide bonds for further analysis. One of these 8 pellets was resistant to reduction and had to be digested with papain

Acute kidney injury (AKI) arises from multiple forms of renal damage, including ischemia, toxin exposure, and urinary tract obstruction. AKI-associated inflammation exacerbates damage and can lead to development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a mucin and immunoglobulin domain-containing transmembrane protein that is highly upregulated in the proximal tubule after kidney injury. While chronic KIM-1 expression promotes renal fibrosis and kidney failure, Li Yang, Craig Brooks, and colleagues at Harvard Medical School reveal that KIM-1 dampens early inflammatory responses and protects the kidney following injury. Mice expressing a mutant form of KIM-1 that lacks the mucin domain (KIM-1Δmucin) were more susceptible to both ischemia-induced and toxin-induced AKI compared to control animals. Loss of the mucin domain disrupted KIM-1-mediated phagocytosis in proximal tubular cells. This reduction in phagocytosis in KIM-1Δmucin mice reduced clearance of apoptotic ...

Snail Mucin (yes, snail slime) What I want to know is- Who was the first person to put this on their face? Why should YOU be interested? Below are some of the claims Ive found for snail mucin through articles, cosmetic brands & ingredient companies. However, I only found one clinical study, and the one…

Enriched with 96% snail mucin, this COSRX essence is the best thing that ever happened to your skin. Anti-aging and anti-acne Healing and revitalising For all skin types Free of parabens, alcohols or synthetic dyes COSRX Advanced Snail 96 Mucin Power Essence is a pure formula crafted from

Among several genes identified by SST-REX cloning, Endomucin is noteworthy, as it encodes a protein that belongs to the sialomucin family. CD34 is the prototypic member of this family and has been widely used as a marker of HSCs and/or progenitor cells and of endothelial cells. The highly conserved amino acid sequence, protein structure, and genomic organization of CD34, endoglycan, and podocalyxin suggest that they are closely related to each other (29). These molecules reportedly are expressed on HSCs and/or progenitor cells and on endothelial cells and are supposed to have redundant functions (29, 30). Although Endomucin exhibits a protein structure highly related to that of these three molecules, its genomic structure is distant, indicating a different phylogeny (19).. Endomucin was originally identified as an endothelium-specific protein (19), but we and others have reported possible involvement of Endomucin in HSC development in the embryo (24, 31). Identification of Endomucin on SST-REX ...

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Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Better knowledge of the changes in gene expression that occur during gastric carcinogenesis may lead to improvements in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. In this study, we screened for genes upregulated in GC by comparing gene expression profiles from microarray and serial analysis of gene expression and identified the HOXA10 gene. The aim of the present study was to investigate the significance of HOXA10 in GC. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that 221 (30%) of 749 GC cases were positive for HOXA10, whereas HOXA10 was scarcely expressed in non-neoplastic gastric mucosa except in the case of intestinal metaplasia. Next, we analyzed the relationship between HOXA10 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. HOXA10 expression showed a significant inverse correlation with the depth of invasion and was observed more frequently in the differentiated type of GC than in the undifferentiated type of GC. HOXA10 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - New trends in the study of podoplanin as a cell morphological regulator. AU - Sawa, Yoshihiko. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2010/8. Y1 - 2010/8. N2 - Podoplanin is a mucin-type glycoprotein firstly identified in podocytes, which is homologous to the type I alveolar cell specific T1α-2 antigen and to the oncofetal antigen M2A recognized by the D2-40 antibody. Podoplanin possesses a platelet aggregation-stimulating domain causes the platelet aggregation on cancer cells by the binding activity to CLEC-2. Podoplanin also contributes to the formation of membrane-actin structures. The increased podoplanin expression is found in squamous cell carcinomas at the invasive edge. It has been reported that the podoplanin induces an actin cytoskeleton rearrangement dependent on the RhoA GTPase activation to phosphorylate ezrin and facilitates an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which induces the single cell migration of cancer cells. However, ...

Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Mouse Mucin 4 (MUC4) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species ...