Nematode-trapping fungi have fascinated scientists for decades, and many earlier workers have observed the way in which the presence of nematodes alters the morphology and metabolism of trap-forming species. Although earlier studies detected attractant and nematocidal metabolites by their activities, the compounds were never chemically identified (21-27, 30). Therefore, we hypothesized that these signaling molecules might be volatile in nature. In our analyses, we used GC-MS and were able to separate and chemically characterize the metabolites, as well as elucidate their biological activities in attracting nematodes, in inducing trap formation, or in killing nematodes.. Under direct physical contact with nematodes, fungi grown on CMA produced more 3D traps than those grown on PDA and did so at a higher rate. Similar results were obtained in the non-direct-contact bioassay; however, instead of 3D trap formation, fungal hyphal fusions were observed in the nondirect assay. The fungi grown on CMA ...
There is no published report regarding Irans aquatic hyphomycetes. In an attempt to identify species of aquatic hyphomycetes in a river in central Iran (Zayande-Roud River), conidial frequency and distribution were determined by filtration. Water samples were collected monthly from two stations 55 km apart and filtered through millipore filters (5 um pore sizes). This was carried out for seven months starting in March 1990. Species identified are as follows: Alatospora acuminata, Anguillospora sp. 1; Clavariopsis aquatica, Lunulospora curvula, Tetracladium marchalianum,Tricladium sp. and Vargamyces aquaticus. Except for T. marchalianum, which was not present on filter papers after March, all other species were present at least till May with Anguillospora sp. 1 and V. aquaticus being recorded in August. Conidial frequency declined steadily from March through September. This might relate to declining organic resources available in the river.
www.diark.org. Arthrobotrys oligospora (syn. Didymozoophaga oligospora) is a predacious fungus from the family Orbiliaceae. An adaptable fungus, strains have been found in a diverse range of soils where they can act as saprophytes, fungal pathogens and colonise plant roots to obtain nutrients. In the presence of nematodes they can also form complex three-dimensional network traps making them a biocontrol candidate for parasitic plant and animal nematodes, and in 2011 it was the first nematode-trapping fungi to have its genome sequenced.. The sequenced genome of A. oligospora is 40 Mb and contains 11,479 predicted genes. Comparative analyses revealed that it shares more genes with pathogenic fungi than non-pathogenic fungi. A combination of genomic, proteomic and qPCR data led to a hypothesis of trap formation involving the activation of multiple signal transduction pathways by the presence of the nematodes which regulate downstream genes involved in energy metabolism, biosynthesis of the cell ...
Symptoms of Aureobasidium pullulans exposure including 15 medical symptoms and signs of Aureobasidium pullulans exposure, alternative diagnoses, misdiagnosis, and correct diagnosis for Aureobasidium pullulans exposure signs or Aureobasidium pullulans exposure symptoms.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Intraspecific variation in plant growth-promoting traits of aureobasidium pullulans. AU - Sun, Pei Feng. AU - Chien, I. An. AU - Xiao, Hong Su. AU - Fang, Wei Ta. AU - Hsu, Chia Hsuan. AU - Chou, Jui-Yu. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Aureobasidium pullulans is a yeast-like fungus exhibiting various morphologies in different niches. It is one of the most widespread saprophyte fungi and is distributed across a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Previous studies have reported that A. pullulans can be used as biopesticide. However, the morphological variations may influence its selection as a biocontrol agent. Therefore, knowing the plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits is essential not only for the application as biopesticides but also as biofertilizers. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the different strains of A. pullulans in terms of their PGP traits. All isolates were tested for indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, and polyamine-producing abilities, ...
Bonzom C, Hüttner S, Mirgorodskaya E, Chong SL, Uthoff S, Steinbüchel A, Verhaert RMD, Olsson L AMB Express 9 (1) 126 [2019-08-12; online 2019-08-12] Heterologous protein production is widely used in industrial biotechnology. However, using non-native production hosts can lead to enzymes with altered post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation. We have investigated how production in a non-native host affects the physicochemical properties and enzymatic activity of a feruloyl esterase from Myceliophthora thermophila, MtFae1a. The enzyme was produced in two microorganisms that introduce glycosylation (M. thermophila and Pichia pastoris) and in Escherichia coli (non-glycosylated). Mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the presence of glycosylation and revealed differences in the lengths of glycan chains between the enzymes produced in M. thermophila and P. pastoris. The melting temperature and the optimal temperature for activity of the non-glycosylated enzyme were considerably lower ...
Persson, Y.; Friman, E., 1993: Intracellular proteolytic activity in mycelia of Arthrobotrys oligospora bearing mycoparasitic or nematode trapping structures
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize a wide range of microbial pathogens and pathogen-related products, play important roles in innate immunology. Macrophages have a variety of TLRs, and pathogen binding to TLR resulted in the activation of macrophages. R-848, an immune response modifier, is an analog of imidazoquinoline derivative and binds to an endosome-localized TLR to exert an anti-viral response on leukocytes. In the present study, we verified that co-treatment of R-848 with other TLR agonists would enhance immune response. The culture supernatant of Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans, which contains predominantly soluble β-glucan), which binds to cell membrane-localized TLR, and to C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1, was treated together with R-848 to THP-1 macrophages. Compared to R-848 treatment alone, co-treatment of R-848 with A. pullulans culture supernatant significantly augmented TNF-α and IL-12p40 cytokine expression. Next, we investigated whether or not apoptotic cell uptake
Aureobasidium pullulans ATCC ® 9348™ Designation: F-44 [CBS 621.80, DSM 2404, IMI 145194, QM 3090] Application: Bacterial resistance testing adhesives Degrades plastics Fungus resistance testing Fungus resistance testing adhesives Fungus resistance testing lacquer Fungus resistance testing paint Fungus resistance testing plastics Fungus resistance testing textiles Fungus resistance testing varnish Produces inulosucrase fructosyl transferase Produces pullulan Testing
Microbial beta-glucosidases have been used for the enhancement of wine aroma. Nevertheless, few enzymes are active in the conditions of winemaking. in this work, the production of a beta-glucosidase by an Aureobasidium pullulans strain (Ap-beta-gl) isolated from grape ecosystems was evaluated. the maximum enzymatic synthesis using submerged fermentation was after 96 h of growth in complex media containing 20 g/L of cellobiose as the sole carbon source. the crude enzyme (Ap-beta-gl) showed optimal pH at 5.5 and two peaks of optimum temperature (at 45 and 70 A degrees C). It showed a wide range of pH stability, stability at low temperatures, and tolerance to ethanol, showing suitable characteristics for winemaking conditions. the hydrolysis of glycosidic terpenes by Ap-beta-gl was studied, and its ability to efficiently release free terpenols was demonstrated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. the enzymatic treatment notably increased the amount of monoterpenes, showing good prospects for ...
1C8I: Direct binding of hydroxylamine to the heme iron of Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase. Substrate analogue that inhibits compound I formation in a competetive manner.
Firdaus-e-Bareen & Uwe Braun. Mycofalcella iqbalii, a new aquatic hyphomycete, and a discussion about the generic concept of Anguillospora and similar genera. Mycotaxon 102: 355-363. 2007.. ABSTRACT: A new aquatic hyphomycete, Mycofalcella iqbalii, is described and illustrated from canal water in Pakistan. The conidia have been detected in water throughout the year, but sporulation on randomly collected leaves more commonly occurred between August and December. The generic affinity of the new species is debated in the context of a general discussion about the generic concepts of the complex of hyphomycetes resembling Anguillospora, Anguillosporella, Mycofalcella, and aquatic species of Mycocentrospora. It is proposed to confine Anguillospora to species with unilocal conidiogenous cells and rhexolytic conidial secession, and to widen the concept of Pseudoanguillospora to include taxa with unilocal, determinate or percurrent to multilocal, sympodial conidiogenous cells and schizolytic conidial ...
Scanning electron microscopy (Magnification=560x) of nematode-trapping loops of fungi imperfecti (Arthrobotrys oligospora), nematophagous fungi. Close-up of hyphae with adhesive matrix. - Stock Image C009/4104
Enzymatic ethanolysis of oils (for example, high oleic sunflower oil containing 90% of oleic acid) may yield two different reaction products depending on the regioselectivity of the immobilized lipase biocatalyst. Some lipase biocatalysts exhibit a 1,3-regioselectivity and they produced 2 mols of fatty acid ethyl ester plus 1 mol of sn2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) per mol of triglyceride without the release of glycerol. Other lipase biocatalysts are completely non-regioselective releasing 3 mols of fatty acid ethyl ester and 1 mol of glycerol per mol of triglyceride. Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) adsorbed on hydrophobic supports is a very interesting biocatalyst for the ethanolysis of oil. Modulation of TLL regioselectivity in anhydrous medium was intended via two strategies of TLL immobilization: a. - interfacial adsorption on different hydrophobic supports and b.- interfacial adsorption on a given hydrophobic support under different experimental conditions. Immobilization of TLL on supports
One of the fundamental patterns in macroecology is the increase in the number of observed taxa with size of sampled area. For microbes, the shape of this relationship remains less clear. The current study assessed the diversity of aquatic fungi, by the traditional approach based on conidial morphology (captures reproducing aquatic hyphomycetes) and next generation sequencing (NGS; captures other fungi as well), on graded sizes of alder leaves (0.6 to 13.6 cm2). Leaves were submerged in two streams in geographically distant locations: the Oliveira Stream in Portugal and the Boss Brook in Canada. Decay rates of alder leaves and fungal sporulation rates did not differ between streams. Fungal biomass was higher in Boss Brook than in Oliveira Stream, and in both streams almost 100% of the reads belonged to active fungal taxa. In general, larger leaf areas tended to harbour more fungi, but these findings were not consistent between techniques. Morphospecies-based diversity increased with leaf area in ...
Antonarakis, Alexander and Richards, Keith S. and Brasington, James and Muller, Etienne. Determining leaf area index and leafy tree roughness using terrestrial laser scanning. (2010) Water Resources Research, 46 (6). 1-12. ISSN 0043-1397 Baldy, Virginie and Gobert, V. and Guérold, François and Chauvet, Eric and Charcosset, Jean-Yves. Leaf litter breakdown budgets in streams of various trophic status: effects of dissolved inorganic nutrients on microorganisms and invertebrates. (2007) Freshwater Biology, 5 (7). 1322-1335. ISSN 0046-5070 Lecerf, Antoine and Risnoveanu, Geta and Popescu, Cristina and Gessner, Mark O. and Chauvet, Eric. Decomposition of diverse litter mixtures in streams. (2007) Ecology, 88 (1). 219-227. ISSN 0012-9658 Dang, Christian K. and Gessner, Mark O. and Chauvet, Eric. Influence of conidial traits and leaf structure on attachment success of aquatic hyphomycetes on leaf litter. (2007) Mycologia, 99 (1). 24-32. ISSN 0027-5514 Sokolski, Serge and Piché, Yves and Chauvet, ...
The researches on the biological control of nematodes with nematophagous fungi has been intensified in recent years. The knowledge of the ecological conditions for the growth and sporulation of these fungi is a prerequisite for attainment of pure cultures needed to attend the demand for formulation of these organisms. With the objective to evaluate the micelial growth and sporulation of Arthrobotrys musiformis and A. oligospora in two environments (B.O.D at 25 +/- 1 degrees C and the environment of the Laboratory), 20 cultures media prepared with common materials found in the communities and industrialized media such as mycological agar, PDA and CMA were evaluated. The media were tested in Petri dishes, being the micelial growth of the fungi evaluated daily, during six days. The measured sporulation at the end of the experiment was done by estimation of the number of conidia/Petri dish. The experiment was carried out in a random design following a factorial arrangement of 20 x 2 x 2, ...
By Karen P. Abella. Aureobasidium is a widely distributed fungal genus usually found in soil, fresh water, dead plant material, marine estuary sediments and wood. There are approximately 15 accepted species in this genus with the most commonly known being A. pullulans. This genus has also been observed to grow on textiles, foodstuffs, fruits and painted surfaces. In the indoor environment, Aureobasidium growth is commonly found in moist places such as bathrooms and kitchens, especially on shower curtains, tile grout and windowsills. The spores are usually disseminated by wind (when dry) and water.. Aureobasidium spores are difficult to identify on spore traps because of morphologic variation. Its most distinguishing feature is the production of primary blastospores (spores produced by a budding process) arising directly from pigmented, vegetative hyphae on short denticles (protuberances in the hyphae). The spores may be hyaline or pigmented, variable in size, one-celled, ellipsoid or ovoid, and ...
Disclosed are variants of Humicola grisea CeI7A (CBH1.1), H. jecorina CBH1 variant or S. thermophilium CBH1, nucleic acids encoding the same and methods for producing the same. The variant cellulases have the amino acid sequence of a glycosyl hydrolase of family 7A wherein one or more amino acid residues are substituted.
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
1GZA: Binding of iodide to Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase investigated with X-ray crystallographic analysis, 1H and 127I NMR spectroscopy, and steady-state kinetics.
International Scholarly Research Notices is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 108 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.
Data on 6,500 pesticides, insecticides and herbicides including toxicity, water pollution, ecological toxicity, uses and regulatory status.
It contains Aureobasidium pullulans and probiotics (benefi cial lactic acid bacteria) to strengthen intestinal mucosa, and essential fatt y acid to keep the skin and hair healthy. Calcium, vitamin D and zinc help a pet grow well and the Aureobasidium pullulans promote bone growth. Anti-oxidative nutritional vitamin A, C, and E protect the cells from free radicals that cause various kinds of diseases while providing anti-aging and muscular & immune functions. Immune factor (IGG), growth factor (IGF/TGF), and lactoferrin improve the immunity of the body ...
Microbial cells are producers of natural polymers present in plant cells. Production of pullulan (an extracellular microbial polysaccharide) by Aureobasidium pullularia pullulans (P. pullulans) was studied under fermentation conditions, and kinetic parameters were determined. Pullulan formation obeyed a growth and non-growth associated term. PHB (polyhydroxybutyrates) an intracellular biopolymer production by Rastonia eutropha (Alcaligen eutrophus), R. eutropha was studied under different culture media, including synthetic and natural carbon sources. Molasses as a natural carbon source in the culture media presented high efficiency in cell and biopolymer accumulation.
Genencor International B.V. (part of the DuPont Industrial Biosciences Group) is a Dutch biotechnology company that develops and commercialises enzymes derived from (fungal) micro-organisms. The enzymes are applied by a wide range of industries in the house hold & personal care, bioethanol, bio-refineries, animal feed and food sector. GIBV is an active partner in R&D programs with different national and international companies, research institutes and universities. GIBV scientists and partners have developed and patented strains of the fungal micro-organism Myceliophthora thermophila C1 to rapidly discover and express both homologous and heterologous genes; and to manufacture novel enzymes encoded by those genes, using C1 as the host organism from beginning to end. Industrial strains of C1 have been developed and the full genome of C1 has been sequenced, which revealed many genes encoding biomass active enzymes including enzymes active on cellulose such as cellulases and carbohydrate ...
2012. van Gool, M.P., van Muiswinkel, G.C.J., Hinz, S.W.A., Schols, H.A., Sinitsyn, A.P., Gruppen, H. Two GH10 endo-xylanases of Myceliophthora thermophila C1 with and without cellulose binding module act differently towards soluble and insoluble substrates. Bioresource Technology 2012: doi: 10.1016/j.biotech.2012.05.117.. Klyosov, A.A., Dotsenko, G.S., Hinz, S.W.A., and Sinitsyn, A.P. Structural features of β-(1,4)-D-galactomannans of plant origin as a probe for β-(1,4)- mannanase polymeric substrate specificity.Carbohydrate Research May 2012: 352:65-69.. Dotsenko, G.S., Sinitsyn, O.A., Hinz, S.W.A., Wery, J. and Sinitsyn, A.P. Characterization of a GH family 3 b-glycoside hydrolase from Chrysosporium lucknowense and its application to the hydrolysis of b-glucan and xylan.Bioresource Technology May 2012: 112:345-349.. Kühnel, S., Pouvreau, L., Appeldoorn, M.M., Hinz, S.W.A, Schols, H.A. and Gruppen, H. The Ferulic Acid Esterases of Chrysosporium Lucknowense C1: Purification, ...
Monilia may be regarded physiologically as true yeasts. since they too ferment sugars with the production of gas. Morphologically, however, they differ from true yeasts (Saccharomyces) in that they have a vegetative body (mycelium), consisting of a collection of fine filaments or threads (hyphae) and reproduce by free-born spores (conidia). True yeasts have no definite mycelium and they reproduce by ascospores. Consequently the genus, Monilia Persoon is very generally placed in the class, Fungi imperfecti (Hyphomycetes). It is further classified in the family Oosporaceae Saccardo, as its spores are arranged in chain-like formation. Further morphological differentiation has not been made ...
A small scale study on the effects of oral administration of the β-glucan produced by Aureobasidium pullulans on milk quality and cytokine expressions of Holstein cows, and on bacterial flora in the intestines of Japanese black calves (2012 ...
Ferulic acid acylation of oligosaccharides catalyzed by feruloyl esterases (FAE) is a promising route to produce feruloylated oligosaccharides. However, modulation of FAE synthetic properties is a key step to improve the acylation. The efficiency of H. insolens FAE to catalyze the feruloylation in six different surfactantless microemulsions reaction systems was evaluated. The highest yield (57%) w ...
Pullulan is a non-ionic polysaccharide obtained from fermentation of black yeast like Aureobasidium pullulans and is currently exploited in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its unique characteristics. Due to its properties like non-toxic, non-immunogenic, noncarcinogenic, non-mutagenic, pullulan is being explored for various biomedical applications viz., gene delivery, targeted drug therapy, tissue engineering, wound healing, and also being used in diagnostic applications like, perfusion, receptor, and lymph node target specific imaging and vascular compartment imaging. The unique linkage of α (1→4) and α (1→6) in pullulan endows this polymer with distinctive physical traits, including adhesive property and the ability to form fibres. This review article presents an overview of properties, production, derivatives of pullulan, and recent advances of pullulan.
(2009) Manitchotpisit et al. Mycological Research. Aureobasidium pullulans is the source of the commercially valuable polysaccharide pullulan and the enzyme xylanase. Isolates are typically off-white to pale pink or black on solid media, while some...
Lipases from Candida antarctica (isoform B) (CALB) and Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) have been immobilized covalently or via interfacial activation versus octyl support followed by covalent attachment via glyoxyl groups using octyl-glyoxyl agarose beads (OCGLX). These biocatalysts have been submitted to successive cycles of unfolding by incubation in 9 M guanidine and refolding by incubation in aqueous 100 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7, before and after total inactivation in the presence of organic solvents. The four preparations may be reactivated in some extension using this strategy, but results depended on the preparation. Glyoxyl immobilized CALB may recover 100% of activity versus the p-nitrophenyl butyrate, but after solvent inactivation this activity recovery was only 95%. The pure covalent TLL preparation permitted to recover around 80% of activity after or before solvent inactivation. Both enzymes offer lower activity recoveries using OCGLX, as may be expected from the hydrophobic nature ...
Degradation of the surfactant polysorbate (PS) by enzyme impurities has been previously suggested as a mechanism for the formation of visible and subvisible particles that affect product quality. Although chemical degradation pathways of PS, such as oxidation and acid/base hydrolysis, have been previously characterized, enzymatic degradation of PS remains poorly understood. In this report, enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of the major components of PS was monitored using an evaporative light scattering detection-high-performance liquid chromatography method. PS20 and PS80 tested contained 99% of laurate and 98% oleate esters, respectively, were heterogeneous with respect to head group, and contained a distribution of ester types. Carboxylester hydrolases tested included those from Pseudomonas cepacia, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Candida antarctica, rabbit liver, and pig pancreas. PS hydrolysis was monitored by observing the change in the peak area of major PS components over time and quantified using a ...
JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles.
Davie, P. (2010). Pilumnus lanuginosus Klunzinger, 1913. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=454623 on 2017-12- ...
context source (Deepsea) Gofas, S.; Luque, Á. A.; Templado, J.; Salas, C. (2017). A national checklist of marine Mollusca in Spanish waters. Scientia Marina. 81(2) : 241-254, and supplementary online material., available online at https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04543.21a [details] ...
(2015) Lim et al. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of polycan, a β-glucan originating from Aureobasidium, on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipemia and hepatic damage. A total of 30 hamsters were divided into 6 groups based on their b...
Ad everti virtute adversarium usu. Errem legere adolescens ut cum. Te quo purto altera, mei nisl causae laboramus no. Te liber graeco quo, nam velit intellegebat an. Vis et sumo temporibus. In ius illud idque nobis. Sed ut equidem omittam. Ius enim nullam insolens ex, munere insolens tractatos vel an, sea iriure virtute adipiscing ex.…. ...
Cov lus qhia tso cai: magnesium threonate cov txiaj ntsig, phiv, Kho kev ntxhov siab, noj tshuaj, mstudies, mair poob, rho tawm, thiab lwm yam.
The efficiency with which the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys dasguptae attached to a range of plant parasitic nematodes was studied. Rotylenchus spp. and criconematid species retained many more detachable adhesive knobs than did other plant parasitic nematodes. More adhesive knobs were found on the anterior end of Rotylenchus robustus than on any other part of the body. The knobs attached only to one of the species tested in the genera Longidorus, Xiphinema, Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus. Tests with a range of fluorescent lectins indicated that only a restricted number of carbohydrate moieties were present on the cuticle of R. robustus whereas none were found on Xiphinema diversicaudatum. Saturating fungus and nematodes with these lectins or their specific carbohydrates did not affect the subsequent adhesion of A. dasguptae to the cuticle of R. robustus.
Viability and in vitro and in vivo activities of freeze-dried conidia of the predatory fungus Arthrobotrys robusta (I-31) were evaluated against infective larvae (L3) of Ancylostoma spp. in dogs. A. robusta conidia were lyophilized and stored at 4 °C for a month. Freeze-dried conidia were diluted to 1 × 103 conidia/ml and tested in vivo. The treated group consisted of a solution containing conidia (1 ml) and 1000 Ancylostoma spp. (L3) placed on Petri dishes plated with 2% water-agar (2% WA), at 25 °C, in the dark for 10 days. The control group consisted of 1000 Ancylostoma spp. L3, plated on 2% WA. After 10 days, Ancylostoma spp. L3 from both the treated and the control groups were recovered and counted. The in vivo test was performed on two dogs by administering a single oral dose of freeze-dried conidia (1.5 × 105) in aqueous solution to one animal and only water to the other. Fecal samples were collected at 12, 24 and 48 h after the treatments, plated 2% WA plates and incubated at 25 °C ...
Arthopyrenia oxyspora (Nyl.) Mudd, more, Campylacia oxyspora (Nyl.) Anzi, Leptorhaphis oxyspora (Nyl.) Körb., Lichen epidermidis Ach., Pyrenula oxyspora (Nyl.) Hepp, Sagedia oxyspora (Nyl.) Tuck., Segestrella oxyspora (Nyl.) Branth & Rostr., Spermatodium oxysporum (Nyl.) Trevis., Verrucaria albissima Nyl., Verrucaria epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis f. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis f. maculans Nyl., Verrucaria epidermidis subsp. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis var. albissima Fée, Verrucaria epidermidis var. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis var. gemellipara C. Knight, Verrucaria epidermidis var. gemmelipara C. Knight, Verrucaria epidermidis var. grisea Schleich. ex Schaer., Verrucaria epidermidis var. quassiaecola Fée, Verrucaria oxyspora Nyl. ...
Looking for online definition of Myrothecium in the Medical Dictionary? Myrothecium explanation free. What is Myrothecium? Meaning of Myrothecium medical term. What does Myrothecium mean?
Pathogenicity Groups of Bean Common Mosaic Virus Isolates in Kenya. Michael E. Omunyin. Pages: 985-989. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Vegetative Compatibility, Pathogenicity, and Virulence Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum Recovered from Spinach. M. B. Fiely. Pages: 990-993. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Host Range Determination of Myrothecium verrucaria Isolated from Leafy Spurge. Shawming Yang. Pages: 994-997. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Factors Influencing Pathogenicity of Myrothecium verrucaria Isolated from Euphorbia esula on Species of Euphorbia. Shawming Yang. Pages: 998-1002. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Purification of Barley Yellow Streak Mosaic Virus and Detection by DAS-ELISA and ISEM Using Polyclonal Antibodies. Jihad S. Skaf. Pages: 1003-1007. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Response of Root-Knot Resistant Tobacco to Concomitant Populations of Meloidogyne Species. Tenson B. S. Ngambi. Pages: 1008-1013. VIEW ABSTRACT , VIEW ARTICLE. Occurrence of Puccinia graminis subsp, graminicola ...
摘要 旨在调查大熊猫体表酵母菌种属及其对小鼠的致病性。通过传统分离培养、形态学观察,并利用真菌ITS序列通用引物ITS1、ITS4对分离株进行PCR扩增和系统发育学分析,从而鉴定其种属。利用丹麦Rosco纸片扩散法,用两性霉素B、制霉菌素、酮康唑、氟康唑、伊曲康唑对12种分离株进行药敏试验和耐药性分析,同时进行动物致病性试验。结果本次共在37个熊猫被毛样本中分离到45株酵母菌,分属于3个属,12个种。酵母分离菌分别为毛孢子菌属(Trichosporon)40株,隐球菌属(Cryptococcus)4株,假丝酵母菌属(Candida)1株,分别鉴定为皮肤毛孢子菌(Trichosporon cutaneum)、串珠毛孢子菌(Trichosporon moniliiforme)、指间毛癣菌(Trichosporon interdigitale)、秋吉台毛孢子菌(Trichosporon akiyoshidainum)、星形毛孢子菌(Trichosporon asteroids)、芸苔毛孢子菌(Trichosporon ...
Karandikar, Kedar G. & Sanjay K. Singh. Lylea indica: a new hyphomycete species from India. Mycotaxon 112: 257-260. 2010.. ABSTRACT: A new hyphomycete species, Lylea indica, from Nagzira, Vidharba region of Maharashtra state in India found on dead culms of Bambusa arundinacea is here described.. KEYWORDS: fungal diversity, anamorphic fungus, taxonomy. ...
Bacteria display the greatest range in metabolic ability of any group of organisms. There are both autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria. Heterotrophic bacteria are a crucial link in the decomposition of organic matter and the cycling of nutrients in aquatic systems.. Autotrophic bacteria are primary producers in aquatic systems as are true algae. For this reason, autotrophic bacteria (predominantly cyanobacteria) are often categorized as algae, though the organisms are by no means closely related. Cyanobacteria used to be mistakenly called blue-green algae. Ecologically, much of what applies to algae is relevant to autotrophic bacteria.. Fungi. Fungi occur as single cells, and in filaments called hyphae. Most aquatic fungi are microscopic; those known as hyphomycetes are the most abundant and important. Fungi are heterotrophic, and, like heterotrophic bacteria, obtain their nutrition by secreting exoenzymes into their immediate environment, which break compounds down into simpler ...
EMLab P&K is pleased to announce that Mycotaxon has published a peer-reviewed article authored by Gregorio Delgado, a microbiologist from EMLab P&K s Phoenix laboratory. The article appears in Mycotaxon, volume 123 (2013) and is entitled South Florida Microfungi: A New Species of Ellisembia (Hyphomycetes) with New Records from the USA. , , , , The peer-reviewed article describes and illustrates Ellisembia...
The new annotated genome sequence of Myceliophthora fergusii ATCC 9787 ( was Corynascus thermophilus ) has been released. It is available on the [Public genomes site]. ...
Potential of Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas chlororaphis for the control of rot in post harvest yams was investigated. Treatments comprising two pathogenic fungi, each paired with three biological antagonists were set up. Degree of rot was evaluated by calculation of percentage reduction by the antagonists. Pathogenicity test showed that Botryodiplodia theobromae and Fusarium solani induced rot in healthy yam tubers after fourteen days of inoculation, B. theobromae being the more virulent with 85.5% rot. Reduction of rot ranged from 53.5 - 84.5% in B. theobromae when paired with the biological antagonists and in F. solani, the rot reduction ranged from 59.6 - 87.1%. Generally, T. harzianum was the most effective in controlling B. theobromae and F. solani. The use of these three biological antagonists, recommends their use in the control of rot in post harvest yam tubers.
Microbial polysaccharides, due to their unique physiochemical properties, have found application in the food industry, cosmetics, pharmacy and medicine. In the environment, microbes can use polysaccharides to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metals in their close proximity. This adaptive property shows interesting potential for bioremediation. Herein, the effects of the exopolysaccharides (EPS) levan, produced by the bacterium Bacillus licheniformis NS032 and pullulan, produced by the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans CH-1 in the presence of copper (Cu2+) have been investigated for the first time on antioxidant enzyme activity, respiration and Cu2+ bioaccumulation of Daphnia magna as well as the bioluminescence of Vibrio fischeri. Both EPS decreased toxicity of Cu2+ in the acute test with D. magna. The activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly diminished after acute exposure to Cu2+ in comparison to treatments with Cu2+ and EPS, while in the prolonged acute exposure the CAT activ...ity did ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Chloroperoxidase‐Catalyzed Achmatowicz Rearrangements. AU - Thiel, Daniel. AU - Blume, Fabian. AU - Jäger, Christina. AU - Deska, Jan. PY - 2018/6/7. Y1 - 2018/6/7. N2 - Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago catalyzes the selective oxidation of furfuryl alcohols in an Achmatowicz‐type ring expansion. In combination with glucose oxidase as oxygen‐activating biocatalyst, a purely enzymatic, aerobic protocol for the synthesis of 6‐hydroxypyranone building blocks is obtained. Thanks to an only modest stereochemical bias of the oxygenating heme protein, optically active alcohols of either configuration are converted without a significant mismatch opening up opportunities for enantioselective multienzymatic cascades. Balancing the oxidase‐driven aerobic activation, extended enzyme half‐lives and productive conversion of poorly soluble and slowly reacting substrates can be achieved with high yields of the six‐membered O‐heterocycles.. AB - Chloroperoxidase from ...
Biosurfactants have recently been recognized as important biotechnological products in biomedical, cosmeceutical, and potential food applications owing to their specificity, low toxicity, and biodegradability. In recent years, increasing concern has been placed on the environmental impacts of chemical surfactants. Biosurfactants (BSs) produced by microorganisms such as yeast, fungi, and bacteria are thought to be efficient replacers of chemically synthetic surfactants, and BSs have been developed as suitable alternatives for antimicrobial and biomedical agents. This study aimed to develop of high throughput screening (HTS) method for large amounts of potential candidates. In HTS steps, we developed rapid and simple screening methods for BS-producing yeast to design processes for the production of BS. During the screening for BS-producing yeast, we isolated many BS-producing yeasts which were identified as Aureobasidium pullulans, from wild flowers. A. pullulans is ubiquitous yeast found in ...
Pullulan is a non-ionic, water-soluble homopolysaccharide produced via fermentation using Aureobasidium pullulans, a black yeast. The unique physicochemical properties of pullulan have made it a potential candidate for a diverse range of applications in various industrial sectors such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and biomedicine. Low yield and productivity are major challenges for the extensive commercialization of this biopolymer, and they are often found to be associated with poor mass transfer during the fermentative production of pullulan. The present study is an attempt to address this challenge by a unique multivariate approach. The interactive influence of air-flow rates, agitation speed and impeller spacing on volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) was investigated using a statistical design. The design has demonstrated a unique correlation between mass transfer capabilities and process variables, whereas pullulan fermentation kinetics has revealed a dependence of microbial ...
|i|Aim|/i|. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy and safety of Polycan, a |i|β|/i|-glucan produced from the black yeast|i| Aureobasidium pullulans|/i| SM-2001, in combination with glucosamine in reducing knee osteoarthritis-associated symptoms.|i| Methods|/i|. This was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of a formulated product composed of 16.7 mg of Polycan and 250 mg of glucosamine (Group A), 16.7 mg of Polycan and 500 mg of glucosamine (Group B), or 500 mg of glucosamine (control group) per capsule, administered as three capsules once per day over a period of 12 weeks, conducted with 100 osteoarthritis patients, aged 35–80 years. The primary outcome measure was osteoarthritis symptoms assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. The secondary outcome measures included rescue medication use (according to data from a patient-reported diary) and other safety indices (body weight, blood pressure,
Anti-tumor and Immunostimulatory Functions of Two Feruloyl Oligosaccharides Produced from Wheat Bran and Fermented by Aureobasidium pullulans
In total 993 names assigned to Cladosporium s. l., includingHeterosporium (854 in Cladosporium and 139 in Heterosporium) aretreated, of which 169 are recognized in Cladosporium s. str. Historicaloverview/ Generic concept and circumscription of Cladosporium based onmorphology and phylogeetic data/ Morphotaxonomy of Cladosporium s. str./Species concept/ Biology, ecology and distribution/ Materials andmethods/ Keys/ Results (Phylogenetic analysis/ Alphabetical list oftrue Cladosporium species) Excluded species ofCladosporium s. str./ Uncertain and doubtful species of Cladosporium s.lat./ References/ Index of fungal names / Index to hosts and substrates ...
BYK-P 104 S Chemistry of 1,3-Dithiane ADISI Alkenes and Alkynes II Docking Analysis of various Social Networking sites Enzymatic acylation of di- and trisaccharides with fatty acids: choosing the appropriate enzyme, support and solvent Computational Studies of Subtilisin-Catalyzed Transesterification of Sucrose: Importance of Entropic Effects Effect of the Immobilization Method of Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus on Sucrose Acylation Comparative Surface Activities of Di and Trisaccharide Fatty Acid Esters Describing partially unfolded states of proteins from sparse NMR data Describing Partially Unfolded States of Proteins from Sparse NMR Ddata Towards the prediction of protein interaction partners using physical docking
A final note - I do not offer many sources or citations for the information offered in this blog. Most of the information can be found in commonly available textbooks, some of which Ive listed in the sidebar above. More specific information can be found in peer reviewed papers & journals. I have tried to relay the content as accurately as possible, however, as the title of this blog implies, I do this for fun. Have your own fun by conducting your own literature searches. Immerse yourself in microorganisms - you wont regret it!! ...
A fungal culture isolated from a local soil sample which showed antifungal activity and produced cyclosporin A, was identified asTolypocladium inflatum. The culture grew best in a medium containing 1% maltose (pH 5-6) when inoculated with a one-day-old inoculum at 2% (V/V) concentration. Under batch fermentation conditions, growth and cyclosporin A production were better in complex media (24.6 g biomass and 205 mg cyclosporin A per liter) in comparison with synthetic media (6.84 g biomass and 35 mg cyclosporin A per liter). While addition of peptone increased culture growth (high biomass yield), supplementation with casein acid hydrolyzate favored cyclosporin A production.
Additional file 9: of Chromosome rearrangements shape the diversification of secondary metabolism in the cyclosporin producing fungus Tolypocladium inflatum
Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Host Recognition, Attachment, and Degradation in the Mycoparasite Tolypocladium ophioglossoides.
Unscramble rhizoctonia, Unscramble letters rhizoctonia, Point value for rhizoctonia, Word Decoder for rhizoctonia, Word generator using the letters rhizoctonia, Word Solver rhizoctonia, Possible Scrabble words with rhizoctonia, Anagram of rhizoctonia
Candida, a yeastlike fungus, normally lives in moist areas of your body like your mouth, intestines and vagina without causing harm. However, if allowed to...
Stromata solitary, usually simple occasionally bifurcating, capitate, growing from the fruiting body of Elaphomyces species. Stipe 13-14 mm wide, 130 mm in length, grayish yellow to deep yellow, glabrous, and hollow. Fertile region broadly rounded, 13 mm in diameter, olive brown to dark brown, abruptly enlarged where attached to the stipe.. Perithecia ...
Sorry, I could only read the abstracts I am aware of high radiation-tolerant microbes commonly growing in buildings. The common Hyphomycete genus Alternaria is a good example. Its RH growth requirement: over 80%. I also known that thermophiles grow in animal sheds, mainly in compost piles. That they can be found in school dust, at much lower levels though, only illustrates that school surfaces are sinks for these microbes, not sources. A lot of microbes showing up in buildings as spores, though viable, cannot grow in the building environment, unless it can be documented.. ...
Learn what is Epicoccum and what are known species that can cause allergies and adverse health effects to human. Epicoccum prevention and removal advice.
genital fungus - MedHelps genital fungus Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for genital fungus. Find genital fungus information, treatments for genital fungus and genital fungus symptoms.
Being your typical bleeding heart liberal Brits we are all very excited about yesterdays announcement of Live8, the concert in support of the Make Poverty History campaign. Nice to see that the BBC is straight on the case providing the TV coverage too, but interesting also to note that the event is also going to be screened globally via the internet. Apparently all five Live8 concerts will be broadcast online live and free, on AOL. The gigs will be transmitted through its US, UK, German and French portals, as well as on the aolmusic.com site. The concerts will be available as a live stream on the site, alongside additional content. More details on the live online broadcast on AOL site here. ...
A fungus is a simple organism, or living thing, that is neither a plant nor an animal. When there is more than one fungus they are called fungi. Some familiar fungi are…
A fungus is a eukaryotic organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi. The fungi are a monophyletic group, also called the Eumycota
Imperfect fungus definition, a fungus for which only the asexual reproductive stage is known, as any fungus of the Fungi imperfecti. See more.
Mold and fungus are related, since mold is a type of fungus. Although both mold and fungus have common and scientific connotations...
As long as the paling has any remains of fungus or spores, the fungus will continue to reappear -all growth must be sterilized with Bensaltenside. The treatment also means that the surface becomes disinfected. No affections are possible.. ...
Fungus definition. /ˈfʌŋ gəs/ noun, plural fungi /ˈfʌn dʒaɪ, ˈfʌŋ gaɪ/ (Show IPA), funguses. 1. any of a diverse group of eukaryotic single-celled or multinucleate organisms
Organic Fungus Nuker Review - Does Organic Fungus Nuker Really Work? Is Organic Fungus Nuker worth your time and money? Find out in my HONEST
The species page of Aureobasidium pullulans IMV 00882. . Information about genome files, completeness, GC-content, size, N50-values, and sequencing methods are listed.
Get easy tips to fix aol mail search not working issue immediately.Our technical executives provide some simple hacks to resolve this issue easily.
Area Object Link (AOL) is an add-on AutoLISP application using a single GUI to facilitate linking Circles, Ellipses, Hatches, Plines or Regions
Area Object Link (AOL) is an add-on AutoLISP application using a single GUI to facilitate linking Circles, Ellipses, Hatches, Plines or Regions
Fungi get their nutrients from living, dead or decaying organic plant or animal material. Fungi grow on organic substrates that are able to provide them with adequate...
How to Kill a Stinkhorn Fungus. The so-called stinkhorn fungus is in fact a type of mushroom. There are various stinkhorns that comprise the Phallaceae and Clathraceae families.http://www.mushroomexpert.com/phallaceae.html The most common...
This test will help the students to revise fungi thoroughly as it contains questions on the various subtopics of the kingdom fungi.
Hello all, There is a fungus problem with my CPs now. The fungus concerned is this mould-like, powdery substance which attacks the bases of dead growt
Hi everybody, Some strange fungus has invaded my indoor plants (see attached). A few hours of googling did not bring me to a conclusive answer of what it might. be. Im not even sure its necessay to try to get rid of it. Any information of the type of fungus it could be ?
真菌界(學名:Fungi,複數可為fungi或funguses[3])又稱菌物界,是真核生物中的一大類群,包含酵母、黴菌之類的微生物以及為人熟知的菇類。真菌自成一界,獨立於植物、動物和其他真核生物。 ...
What is the difference between Sony WF-1000XM3 and Sony WF-1000X? Find out which is better and their overall performance in the wireless earbuds ranking.
STOP! Dont buy NutraPure Fungus Clear until you read my honest reviews. What about side effects? Is this a scam or real? Find the ingredients inside.
Here I have some fungi that I dont know what they are and I havent been able to find out what they might be (its very hard to find something abstract if you dont know what it is called). I have labelled such species with the RRfu moniker prefix. Contact me if you have information that might help ...