Mutational activation of Ras (H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras) is associated with a diverse spectrum of human cancers (1). For example, 50% of colorectal carcinomas harbor mutated K-RAS, and 25% of melanomas contain mutated N-RAS alleles. Consequently, there is considerable interest and effort in the development of anti-Ras strategies for cancer treatment (2, 3). One approach involves the inhibition of Ras-mediated signal transduction. Of these efforts, inhibitors of signaling mediated by the Ras effectors, the Raf serine/threonine kinases (c-Raf-1, A-Raf, and B-Raf), have attracted the most interest. Ras promotes Raf activation, which in turn, activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) 1 and MEK2 dual-specificity protein kinases. MEK1/2 kinases then activate the ERK1 and ERK2 mitogen-activated protein kinases and inhibitors of this cascade have been developed and are currently under evaluation in clinical trials (4). These include kinase ...
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
The mammalian genome contains two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK)-encoding genes, Mek1 and Mek2. MEKs phosphorylate and activate the two extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) isoforms ERK1 and ERK2. Mek1−/− embryos die due to placental defects, whereas Mek2−/− mice survive with a normal life span and fertility, suggesting that MEK1 has functions not shared by MEK2. However, most Mek1+/−Mek2+/− embryos also die from placental defects, indicating that both Mek genes contribute to placental development. To assess the functional specificity of the Mek1 and Mek2 genes, we produced a Mek1 knock-in allele in which the Mek2 coding sequences were placed under the control of Mek1 regulatory sequences (Mek12 allele). Mek12/2 mice were viable with no apparent phenotype, indicating rescue by MEK2 and functional redundancy between the two MEK proteins. However, Mek12/− embryos with Mek2 in only one of the Mek1 alleles and the other Mek1 allele null died from abnormal ...
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described.[3] ...
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a family of signaling molecules that stimulates cell growth, survival and migration. PDGF is recognized by specific transmembrane proteins, the PDGF receptors, which relay the signals to the cell activating the Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and other signaling pathways. Aberrant activation of these pathways is frequently detected in cancer. Hence, the study of these processes is essential for identifying potential drug targets or diagnostic markers.. In paper I, we identified Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 1 NR4A1 to be regulated by PDGF via MAP kinases, clarifying the role of Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk) 1/2, Erk5 and Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in its regulation. NR4A1 was found to be important for the tumorigenic potential, measured as anchorage-independent growth, of glioblastoma cells.. Since the cellular responses elicited by PDGF result from the balance between phosphorylation ...
Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that mediates intracellular signal transduction in response to a variety of stimuli. ERK is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation and in neuronal plasticity, including long-term potentiation …
S. Xie*, B. Schurink, F. Wolbers, R. Luttge*, and G. Hassink. Nanoscaffolds stiffness affects primary cortical cell network formation. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B. 2014, 32(6), 06FD03.. S. Xie*, R. Luttge*. Imprint lithography provides topographical nanocues to guide cell growth in primary cortical cell culture. Microelectron. Eng. 2014, 124, 30-36.. Xie, S. J.; Lu, Y. X.; Zhang, S. C.; Wang, L.D.; Zhang X.R.*. Electro-optical gas sensor based on a planar light-emitting electrochemical cell microarray, Small. 2010, 6(17), 1897-1899.. Xiaoyan Wang, Kenichi Harimoto,Sijia Xie, Hao Cheng, Jing Liu, and Zhao Wang*. Matrix Protein Biglycan Induces Osteoblast Differentiation through Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and Smad Pathways. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2010, 33(11) 1891-1897. ...
Figure 4: Effects of 50 μM DHA, EPA, SA, and PA or 25 μM OA and LA on IL-2-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation. Lymphocytes were incubated with 5 μg/mL ConA for 24 h. Afterwards, lymphocytes were washed with PBS and cultured with the different fatty acids in the presence or absence of IL-2 (30 ng/mL) for 1 h. Total proteins were extracted from lymphocytes for western-blotting analysis. Blots were analyzed by densitometry and the results normalized to their respective controls, which were set to a value of 100% for each experiment. The values are presented as the means ± SEM. ###p,0.001 for comparison with the control in the absence IL-2); *p,0.05, **p,0.01, and ***p,0.001 for comparison with the control treated with IL-2 ...
Cancer cells have different characteristics due to the genetic differences where these unique features may strongly influence the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Here, we show that the spontaneous reactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), distinct from conventional ERK activation, represents a potent mechanism for cancer cell survival. We studied ERK1/2 activation in vitro in SW480 colorectal cancer cells. Although ERK signaling tends to be transiently activated, we observed the delayed reactivation of ERK1/2 in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated SW480 cells. This effect was observed even after EGF withdrawal. While phosphorylated ERK1/2 translocated into the nucleus following its primary activation, it remained in the cytoplasm during late-phase activation. The inhibition of primary ERK1/2 activation or protein trafficking, blocked reactivation and concurrently increased caspase 3 activity. Our results suggest that the biphasic activation of ERK1/2 plays a ...
Cytokines may contribute to beta-cell apoptosis in the early stages of type 1 diabetes mellitus. It has been reported recently that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) induces activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) p38 and ERK1/2 in neonatal rat islets. Since these kinases may partici …
Compounds. Compound I [IUPAC name: N-(3-fluoro-4-((7-methoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy)phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-5-methyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide] was synthesized at Amgen, Inc. The MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 was obtained from Calbiochem.. Cells. KATOIII (gastric), PC3 (prostate), HT-29 (colorectal), Colo205 (colorectal), BxPC3 (pancreatic), and U-87 MG (glioblastoma) cancer cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. NIH3T3 TPR-Met or NIH3T3 RON cells were generated by stable transfection of TPR-Met, a constitutively active, ligand-independent form of c-Met ( 31) or wild-type RON in NIH3T3 cells. Cells were grown as monolayers using standard cell culture conditions.. Antibodies and reagents. Antibodies against c-Met (C-12), RON (C-20), and actin (1615-R) were acquired from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Antibodies against phospho-c-Met (Y1234/1235), phospho-Gab1 (Y627), phospho-ERK1/2 ...
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a family of signaling molecules that stimulates cell growth, survival and migration. PDGF is recognized by specific transmembrane proteins, the PDGF receptors, which relay the signals to the cell activating the Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and other signaling pathways. Aberrant activation of these pathways is frequently detected in cancer. Hence, the study of these processes is essential for identifying potential drug targets or diagnostic markers.. In paper I, we identified Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 1 NR4A1 to be regulated by PDGF via MAP kinases, clarifying the role of Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk) 1/2, Erk5 and Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in its regulation. NR4A1 was found to be important for the tumorigenic potential, measured as anchorage-independent growth, of glioblastoma cells.. Since the cellular responses elicited by PDGF result from the balance between phosphorylation ...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases mediated by cell type-dependent transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is implicated in the development and progression of many human cancers, including
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Activin A stimulates mitogenesis in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts without activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Recombinant Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 (MAPK8) Protéine. Origine: Humain. Source: Baculovirus infected Insect Cells. Commandez ABIN593493.
Low temperature is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting plant growth and agricultural production. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays a pivotal role in...
Recombinant Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 (MAPK8) Protein (GST tag). Spezies: Human. Quelle: Wheat germ. Jetzt Produkt ABIN1310303 bestellen.
Protein target information for Mitogen-activated protein kinase (pig). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.
Ovarian cancer is a complex disease with heterogeneity among the gene expression molecular subtypes (GEMS) between patients. Patients with tumors of a mesenchymal (Mes) subtype have a poorer prognosis than patients with tumors of an epithelial (Epi) subtype. We evaluated GEMS of ovarian cancer patients for molecular signaling profiles and assessed how the differences in these profiles could be leveraged to improve patient clinical outcome. Kinome enrichment analysis identified AXL as a particularly abundant kinase in Mes-subtype tumor tissue and cell lines. In Mes cells, upon activation by its ligand GAS6, AXL coclustered with and transactivated the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) cMET, EGFR, and HER2, producing sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. In Epi-A cells, AXL was less abundant and induced a transient activation of ERK without evidence of RTK transactivation. AXL-RTK crosstalk also stimulated sustained activation of the transcription factor FRA1, which ...
Although transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is known to be a potent growth inhibitor of breast cancer cells (BCCs), the signaling mechanisms mediating TGF-β responses have not been defined. We have demonstrated previously that TGF-β can activate Ras and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 in untransformed epithelial cells (K. M. Mulder and S. L. Morris, J. Biol. Chem., 267: 5029-5031, 1992; M. T. Hartsough and K. M. Mulder, J. Biol. Chem., 270: 7117-7124, 1995). We have also shown that TGF-β signaling is altered in epithelial cells when Ras activation is blocked (Hartsough et al., J. Biol. Chem., 271: 22368-22375). Here we demonstrate the ability of the TGF-β3 isoform to activate the signaling component ERK2 in TGF-β-sensitive BCCs but not in TGF-β-resistant cells. The ERK2 isoform was activated by 6-fold within 10 min of TGF-β3 addition to the TGF-β-sensitive BCC line Hs578T. Moreover, the IC50 for inhibition of DNA synthesis by TGF-β3 in this cell line correlated with ...
Gooney M, Shaw K, Kelly Á, OMara SM, Lynch MA. Gooney M, Shaw K, Kelly A, OMara SM, Lynch MA. Gooney M, Shaw K, Kelly A, OMara SM, Lynch MA., Long-term potentiation and spatial learning are associated with increased phosphorylation of TrkB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the dentate gyrus: evidence for a role for brain-derived neurotrophic factor., Behavioural Neuroscience, 116, (3), 2002, p455 - 463 Journal Article, 2002 URL ...
Huntingtons disease (HD) is an inherited, progressive and ultimately fatal neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by psychiatric, cognitive and motor symptoms. Among the pathways implicated in HD are those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and particularly the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade. Studies in both cells and animal models suggest that ERK activation might provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of HD but compounds that specifically activate ERK are few. To test the hypothesis that pharmaceutical activation of ERK might be protective for HD, a polyphenol, fisetin, which was previously shown to activate the Ras-ERK cascade, was tested in three different models of HD: PC12 cells expressing mutant Httex1 under the control of an inducible promoter, Drosophila expressing mutant Httex1 and the R6/2 mouse model of HD. The results indicate that fisetin can reduce the impact of mutant huntingtin in each of these disease models. ...
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The Alpha SureFire® Ultra™ HV Multiplex p-ERK 1/2 + Total ERK assay kit is used to measure both the phosphorylation (Thr202/Tyr204) and total levels of endogenous
ERK1 / ERK2, 0.1 ml. Erk1 and Erk2 are closely related mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases which are activated by many growth factors, mitogens and differentiation-promoting agents via a protein kinase cascade.
The extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway is one of the major signaling cassettes of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling ..
Fujishita Teruaki , Kajino-Sakamoto Rie , Kojima Yasushi , Taketo Makoto Mark , Aoki Masahiro Extracellular signal-regulated kinase is an MAPK that is most closely associated with cell proliferation, and the MEK/ERK signaling pathway is implicated in various human cancers. Although epidermal g … Cancer Science 106(6), 692-699, 2015-06 IR Ichushi Web ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-triggered protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2) mediates multiple p38 MAPK-dependent inflammatory responses. at Ser-58. Computational modeling and calculation of theoretical binding energies predicted that both phosphorylation at Ser-58 and mutation of Ser-58 to Asp (S58D) jeopardized the ability of 14-3-3 to dimerize. Experimentally, S58D mutation significantly impaired both 14-3-3 dimerization and binding to Raf-1. These data suggest that MAPKAPK2-mediated phosphorylation regulates 14-3-3 functions, and this MAPKAPK2 activity may symbolize a novel pathway mediating p38 MAPK-dependent swelling. A diverse group of cellular responses are elicited by activation of a highly conserved family of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which includes extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), ERK5, and p38 MAPKs. A large body of evidence shows that p38 MAPK activity is critical to immune and inflammatory responses. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by lysophosphatidylcholine- induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in endothelial cells. AU - Watanabe, Nobuo. AU - Zmijewski, Jaroslaw W.. AU - Takabe, Wakako. AU - Umezu-Goto, Makiko. AU - Le Goffe, Claire. AU - Sekine, Azusa. AU - Landar, Aimee. AU - Watanabe, Akira. AU - Aoki, Junken. AU - Arai, Hiroyuki. AU - Kodama, Tatsuhiko. AU - Murphy, Michael P.. AU - Kalyanaraman, Raman. AU - Darley-Usmar, Victor M.. AU - Noguchi, Noriko. PY - 2006/5. Y1 - 2006/5. N2 - Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) evokes diverse biological responses in vascular cells including Ca2+ mobilization, production of reactive oxygen species, and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, but the mechanisms linking these events remain unclear. Here, we provide evidence that the response of mitochondria to the lysoPC-dependent increase in cytosolic Ca2+ leads to activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) ...
Sun QY.,Wu GM.,Lai LX.,Bonk A.,Cabot R.,...&Schatten H.(2002).Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, microtubule organization, chromatin behavior, and cell cycle progression by protein phosphatases during pig oocyte maturation and fertilization in vitro.Biology of Reproduction,66(3),580-588 ...
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The beta cell destruction and insulin deficiency that characterises type 1 diabetes mellitus is partially mediated by cytokines, such as IL-1beta, and by nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and -independent effector mechanisms. IL-1beta activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and the nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) pathway. Both pathways are required for expression of the gene encoding inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and for IL-1beta-mediated beta cell death. The molecular mechanisms by which these two pathways regulate beta cell Nos2 expression are currently unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the putative crosstalk between MAPK and NFkappaB activation in beta cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MAPKs ERK, p38 and JNK were inhibited by SB203580, PD98059 or Tat-JNK binding domain or by cells overexpressing the JNK binding domain. The effects
TY - JOUR. T1 - Caveolin-1 expression by means of p38β mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates the antiproliferative effect of carbon monoxide. AU - Kim, Hong Pyo. AU - Wang, Xue. AU - Nakao, Atsunori. AU - Kim, Sung Il. AU - Murase, Noriko. AU - Choi, Mary E.. AU - Ryter, Stefan W.. AU - Choi, Augustine M.K.. PY - 2005/8/9. Y1 - 2005/8/9. N2 - During vascular injury, the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells leads to characteristic neointima formation, which can be exacerbated by genetic depletion of caveolin-1 or heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and inhibited by carbon monoxide (CO), a by-product of heme oxygenase 1 activity. CO inhibited smooth muscle cell proliferation by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p21Waf1/ciP1. Exposure to CO increased caveolin-1 expression in neointimal lesions of injured aorta and in vitro by activating guanylyl cyclase and p38 MAPK. p38β-/- fibroblasts did not induce caveolin-1 in response to CO, and exhibited a diminished basal ...
Looking for the definition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases? Find out what is the full meaning of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases on Abbreviations.com! Protein Kinase C is one option -- get in to view more @ The Webs largest and most authoritative acronyms and abbreviations resource.
Extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), also called mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), are widely expressed signaling proteins that regulate meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. Following activation by upstream kinases, ERKs are translocated to the nucleus, where they perform their regulatory functions. Disruption of ERK-mediated pathways is common in many cancers. Two members of this family were originally identified with 85% sequence similarity, called ERK1 and ERK2. ERK1 is also known as MAPK3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1, insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase, microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase, PRKM3, ERT2, p44-ERK1, p44-MAPK, HS44KDAP, HUMKER1A, MAP kinase 1, and MAPK1. ERK2 is also known as MAPK1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2, PRKM1, PRKM2, ERT1, p41-ERK1, p41-MAPK, p42-MAPK, MAP kinase 1, MAP kinase 2, MAPK1, MAPK2, p38, p40, and p41.. ...
Extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), also called mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), are widely expressed signaling proteins that regulate meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. Following activation by upstream kinases, ERKs are translocated to the nucleus, where they perform their regulatory functions. Disruption of ERK-mediated pathways is common in many cancers. Two members of this family were originally identified with 85% sequence similarity, called ERK1 and ERK2. ERK1 is also known as MAPK3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1, insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase, microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase, PRKM3, ERT2, p44-ERK1, p44-MAPK, HS44KDAP, HUMKER1A, MAP kinase 1, and MAPK1. ERK2 is also known as MAPK1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2, PRKM1, PRKM2, ERT1, p41-ERK1, p41-MAPK, p42-MAPK, MAP kinase 1, MAP kinase 2, MAPK1, MAPK2, p38, p40, and p41.. ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are proline-directed serine and threonine protein kinases that regulate numerous physiological cell responses including: embryogenesis, cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and death. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), also known as p44 MAPK and p42 MAPK respectively, belong to one of the five major groups of MAPKs. Closely-related ERK1/2 isoforms are uniquely activated by several extracellular signals including growth factors, cytokines, hormones, and neuro-transmitters. Activation of ERK1/2 by the upstream kinases MEK1 and MEK2 occurs via dual phosphorylation on specific threonine (Thr202) and tyrosine (Tyr204) residues on the T*EY* motif. MEK1 and MEK2 are activated through receptors (tyrosine kinases or integrins) via pathways involving adaptor proteins, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, small GTP binding proteins, and MAPKKs. Activated ERK1/2 phosphorylates both, cytosolic (SOS, MNK1/2, RSKs) and ...
LOC100996792 (dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3), Authors: Dessen P. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol.
MAPKK 6 is a member of the dual specificity protein kinase family, which functions as a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals. This protein phosphorylates and activates p38 MAP kinase in response to inflammatory cytokines or environmental stress. As an essential component of p38 MAP kinase mediated signal transduction pathway, this gene is involved in many cellular processes such as stress-induced cell cycle arrest, transcription activation and apoptosis.[6] ...
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs): Activation, Functions and Regulation opens with a summary of the present knowledge about MAPK, with special emphasis on p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. The authors focus on how these signaling pathways are engaged during some infections with intracellular parasites.. The authors also describe selected regulatory aspects of circadian clocks in vertebrates, exploring an intriguing link to MAPK. Circadian clocks are time-tracking systems that provide organisms with a survival advantage.. Cadmium, one of the toxic metals, is an important occupational and environmental pollutant that damages various organs, especially the kidney. The concluding study proposes that the type of kidney cell and severity of cadmium-induced cellular stress appear to determine the effect of MAPK on cell fate ...
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs): ERKs, JNKs, and p38s - CHEMICAL BIOLOGY - reflects the multidimensional character of chemical biology, focusing in particular on the fundamental science of biological structures and systems, the use of chemical and biological techniques to elucidate
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase in hippocampal long-term potentiation. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Ran-Binding Protein M (RanBPM) has been previously shown to inhibit c-Raf expression, however how this was achieved remains unclear. c-Raf is the central component of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway which has been linked to many cancer types. Furthermore, RanBPM was recently identified as part of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and the CTLH (C-terminal to LisH) complex (McTavish et al., 2019). Lastly, RanBPM has been linked to various signaling pathways related to numerous cellular processes which include - apoptosis, cell adhesion, migration, transcription, nuclear-cytoplasmic transport and also plays a significant role during development (Salemi et al., 2017). ...
Although several multiprotein complexes containing MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) have been identified using overexpression of kinases and scaffold proteins, the components of the complexes and their physical properties at endogenous expression levels have not been defined. We characterized a large protein complex containing a nerve-growth-factor-activated ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) and MEK (MAPK/ERK kinase) in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. This protein complex fractionated into a high-speed pellet and was resistant to non-ionic detergent treatments that solubilized membranes. Disruption of protein-protein interactions by treatment with high salt was required to facilitate immunoprecipitation of active ERK1 and co-precipitation of MEK1. Microtubule fragments were also present in the detergent-resistant high-speed pellet, and some kinases were bound to them, especially ERK1b (an alternatively spliced isoform of ERK1), which showed a strong preference for binding ...
This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of fulvestrant +/- selumetinib [AZD6244] in patients with advanced stage breast cancer progressing after aromatase
Background Multi-drug proneness and level of resistance to metastasize are main clinical complications in cancers treatment. on cell migration and in cell protein-protein association Neurog1 had been researched by wound-healing and closeness ligation assays, respectively. Outcomes We present right here, that N11 treatment network 336113-53-2 marketing leads to i) significant caspase-mediated apoptotic cell loss of […]. Read More ». ...
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Yan Z, Ohuchida K, Fei S, Zheng B, Guan W, Feng H, Kibe S, Ando Y, Koikawa K, Abe T, Iwamoto C, Shindo K, Moriyama T, Nakata K, Miyasaka Y, Ohtsuka T, Mizumoto K, Hashizume M, Nakamura M. Inhibition of ERK1/2 in cancer-associated pancreatic stellate cells suppresses cancer-stromal interaction and metastasis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 May 27; 38(1):221 ...
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
4z9l_A mol:protein length:364 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 MASKSKVDNQFYSVEVGDSTFTVLKRYQNLKPIGSGAQGIVCAAYDAVLDRNVAIKKLS RPFQNQTHAKRAYRELVLMKCVNHKNIISLLNVFTPQKTLEEFQDVYLVMELMDANLCQ VIQMELDHERMSYLLYQMLCGIKHLHSAGIIHRDLKPSNIVVKSDCTLKILDFGLARTA GTSFMMTPYVVTRYYRAPEVILGMGYKENVDIWSVGCIMGEMVRHKILFPGRDYIDQWN KVIEQLGTPCPEFMKKLQPTVRNYVENRPKYAGLTFPKLFPDSLFPADSEHNKLKASQA RDLLSKMLVIDPAKRISVDDALQHPYINVWYDPAEVEAPPPQIYDKQLDEREHTIEEWK ELIYKEVMNS >4z9l_A mol:protein length:364 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 MASKSKVDNQFYSVEVGDSTFTVLKRYQNLKPIGSGAQGIVCAAYDAVLDRNVAIKKLS RPFQNQTHAKRAYRELVLMKCVNHKNIISLLNVFTPQKTLEEFQDVYLVMELMDANLCQ VIQMELDHERMSYLLYQMLCGIKHLHSAGIIHRDLKPSNIVVKSDCTLKILDFGLARTA GTSFMMTPYVVTRYYRAPEVILGMGYKENVDIWSVGCIMGEMVRHKILFPGRDYIDQWN KVIEQLGTPCPEFMKKLQPTVRNYVENRPKYAGLTFPKLFPDSLFPADSEHNKLKASQA RDLLSKMLVIDPAKRISVDDALQHPYINVWYDPAEVEAPPPQIYDKQLDEREHTIEEWK ELIYKEVMNS ...
ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1) are 44 and 42 kDa Ser/Thr kinases, respectively. They are part of the Ras-Raf-ERK signal transduction cascade often found downstream of growth factor receptor activation. ERK1 and ERK2 were initially isolated and cloned as kinases activated in response to insulin and NGF. They are expressed in most, if not all, mammalian tissues. Dual threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation activate both ERKs, at Thr202/Tyr204 for human ERK1 and Thr185/Tyr187 for human ERK2 ...
ERK1 / ERK2, 0.1 mg. The activation of signal transduction pathways by growth factors, hormones and neurotransmitters is mediated through two closely related MAP kinases, p44 and p42, designated extracellular-signal related kinase 1 (ERK 1) and ERK 2,
MAPK4 antibody [N1C1] (mitogen-activated protein kinase 4) for ICC/IF, IHC-P, WB. Anti-MAPK4 pAb (GTX104128) is tested in Human samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
Extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are the prototypical intracellular mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK). ERK1/2 are activated by mul...
CMPD-1 is a non-ATP-competitive, selective inhibitor of p38α-mediated MK2a (mitogen-activated protein kinase-2a) phosphorylation (apparent Ki = 330 nM).
VX 954 was selected in October 2000 as a drug development candidate from Vertex Pharmaceuticals p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase research programme.
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