Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to have a protective function in attenuating hepatic injury during endotoxemia or sepsis. As a result, the role of NO in attenuating the hepatic microcirculatory alterations associated with endotoxemia was investigated in mice by in vivo microscopy. The livers were examined 2 h after intravenous injection of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or in combination with inhibitors of the synthesis of NO, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or NG-monomethyl-L-arginine. In the animals treated with the combination of NO synthase inhibitors and LPS, leukocyte adherence was increased threefold above that in animals treated with LPS alone. This was accompanied by a 33% reduction in sinusoidal blood flow. Simultaneous administration of L-arginine, but not D-arginine, eliminated these microcirculatory disturbances. The results demonstrate that inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production results in an early hepatic microvascular inflammatory response to a dose of

Background: In humans, there is a significant decrease in myocardial contractile function post arrest evidenced by decreased cardiac output and ejection fraction. This decreased function is also associated with impaired myocardial microcirculatory function in swine. In ischemic models, the endogenous incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has demonstrated benefits in myocardial infarct size reduction and improvement of left ventricular (LV) function, however treatment with this agent has not been evaluated following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. We hypothesized that post resuscitation administration of GLP-1 would improve myocardial microcirculatory function.. Methods: Domestic swine (n=20; 30-35 kg) were electrically fibrillated and left untreated for 8 minutes. Aggressive ACLS was performed to restore spontaneous circulation. Animals were then blindly randomized to post resuscitation infusions of either human rGLP-1 (American Peptide, 10 pM/kg/min) or equal volume saline for 4 ...

Background: Microcirculatory dysfunction is associated with multiple organ failure and unfavorable patient outcome. We investigated whether therapeutically targeting the endothelial angiopoietin/Tie2 system preserves microvascular integrity during hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Rats were treated with the angiopoietin-1 mimetic vasculotide and subjected to hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation. Microcirculatory perfusion and leakage were assessed with intravital microscopy (n = 7 per group) and Evans blue dye extravasation (n = 8 per group), respectively. The angiopoietin/Tie2 system was studied at protein and RNA level in plasma, kidneys, and lungs. Results: Hemorrhagic shock significantly reduced continuously perfused capillaries (7 ± 2 vs. 11 ± 2) and increased nonperfused vessels (9 ± 3 vs. 5 ± 2) during hemorrhagic shock, which could not be restored by fluid resuscitation. Hemorrhagic shock increased circulating angiopoietin-2 and soluble Tie2 significantly, which associated with ...

Microcirculatory dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis and septic shock; hence, microcirculation blood flow monitoring has gained increasing attention. However, microcirculatory imaging is still investigational in human sepsis and has not yet been incorporated into routine clinical practice for several reasons, including the difficult interpretation of microcirculation imaging data, difficulty to draw a parallel between sublingual microcirculation imaging and organ microcirculation dysfunction, as well as the absence of microvessel dysfunction parameters defining sequential microcirculatory changes from the early to late stages of the disease, which could aid in the context of therapeutic approaches and of prognostic parameters. the purpose of this review was to bridge the experimental abdominal organ microvascular derangement kinetics and clinical aspects of microcirculatory findings in the early phase of severe sepsis/septic shock ...

View more ,Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterized by stenosis and occlusion of the lower limb arteries. Although leg blood flow is limited in PAD, it remains unclear whether skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion is affected. We compared whole leg blood flow and calf muscle microvascular perfusion after cuff occlusion and submaximal leg exercise between patients with PAD (n = 12, 69 ± 9 yr) and healthy age-matched control participants (n = 12, 68 ± 7 yr). Microvascular blood flow (microvascular volume × flow velocity) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was measured before and immediately after the following: 1) 5 min of thigh-cuff occlusion, and 2) a 5-min bout of intermittent isometric plantar-flexion exercise (400 N) using real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Whole leg blood flow was measured after thigh-cuff occlusion and during submaximal plantar-flexion exercise using strain-gauge plethysmography. Postocclusion whole leg blood flow and calf muscle microvascular perfusion ...

Endothelial function plays an important role in the extrauterine adaptation of newborn infants. Endothelium produces different biologically active mediators, which play the central role in physiological and pathological processes and also in the extrauterine adaptation of newborn infants. The imbalance between vasoconstrictive and vasodilatation factors results in impaired cardiovascular adaptation and microcirculation and also brain injury. Microcirculatory disturbances are observed very often in preterm babies, who have a serious risk for perinatal brain injury and further neurodevelopment disabilities. Present chapter presents the pathogenetic role of vascular tone regulators of endothelial genesis in the formation of microcirculatory changes in preterm babies with a high risk of perinatal hypoxic encephalopathy.

Background. In adults severely disturbed microcirculatory flow can be observed by Orthogonal Polarized Spectral (OPS) imaging techniques during sepsis. Therefore we set out to assess for microcirculatory changes in term newborns with suspected early

TY - JOUR. T1 - Impact of obesity on coronary microvascular function in the Zucker rat. AU - Prakash, Rajan. AU - Mintz, James. AU - Stepp, David W. PY - 2006/7. Y1 - 2006/7. N2 - Objective: To test the hypothesis that vasomotor control is impaired in the coronary circulation of prediabetic obese (OZR) relative to lean Zucker rats (LZR). Methods: Cardiac function was assessed with in vivo measures of cardiac output and microvascular structure and function was assessed in vitro using videomicroscopic techniques. Results: OZR showed a marked hyperdynamic circulation with an increased cardiac output and elevated stroke volume. Contrary to the stated hypothesis, the authors found no diminution of vasodilator function and no augmentation of vasoconstriction. Indeed, dilation to acetylcholine was potentiated and vasoconstriction to endothelin was reduced in OZR compared to LZR. Structural characteristics of small coronary arteries were similar between LZR and OZR. Conclusions: Taken together, these ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - An intravital model to monitor steps of metastatic tumor cell adhesion within the hepatic microcirculation. AU - Haier, Jörg. AU - Korb, Timo. AU - Hotz, Birgit. AU - Spiegel, Hans Ullrich. AU - Senninger, Norbert. AU - Sarr, Michael G.. AU - Stelzner, Mathias G.. AU - Behrns, Kevin E.. AU - Adams, Reid B.. PY - 2003/5. Y1 - 2003/5. N2 - Organ-specific tumor cell adhesion within the microcirculation of host organs is an important step in the metastatic cascade. Circulating tumor cells have to adhere within the microcirculatory vessels, quickly stabilize their adhesion and probably leave the circulation to avoid toxic effects of hydrodynamic shear forces of circulating blood. Using intravital fluorescence microscopy we established a new model for the intravital observation of colon carcinoma cell adhesion within the hepatic microcirculation. HT-29 (human) and CC531 (rat) colon carcinoma cells were fluorescence labeled using CalceinAM. Single cell suspensions were injected ...

Objective: Microcirculatory dysfunction contributes to morbidity and mortality in vascular diseases. Here, we aimed at establishing a sensitive and valid method to measure microvascular reactivity during post‐occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) using scanning laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) of the forearm. Methods: In a first series, LDPI was methodologically evaluated on the volar forearm of healthy volunteers (n = 10) before and after one to five minutes of upper arm occlusion. In a second series, readings were performed in 20 healthy subjects and 20 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Results: Three minutes of forearm occlusion were sufficient to induce maximal vasodilation during PORH as indicated by maximal increase in perfusion unit (PU) amplitude that did not further increase after five‐minute occlusion. Five‐minute occlusion led to a significant prolongation of PORH with greater area under curve (AUC) suggesting longer lasting vasodilation of microvessels. The ...

Purpose : Bezafibrate (BZF) is a fibrate drug used as a lipid-lowering agent to treat hyperlipidemia. The results of randomized clinical trial have shown the beneficial effects of systemic fenofibrate therapy in reducing the progression of diabetic retinopathy independently of serum lipid levels. BZF is a pan-agonist for all subtypes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) such as PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. It has been reported PPARs play a key role in microvascular inflammation or angiogenesis. However, the effects of BZF in retinal cells remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of BZF on retinal microvascular inflammation. Methods : The primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) were cultured. First, cytotoxicity and cell viability of BZF were assessed by CCK-8 assay and LDH activity assay. Next, we analyzed the effect of BZF(0,30,100μM) treatment on the expression of TNF-α-induced monocyte ...

Dopexamine may be a therapeutic option to improve hepatosplanchnic perfusion in sepsis. To investigate this possibility, we administered dopexamine in an experimental sepsis model in rats. This prospective, randomized, controlled laboratory study was conducted in 42 Wistar rats. The animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group (CON group). The animals in both groups 2 (LPS group) and 3 (DPX group) received an endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli - LPS) infusion (20 mg/kg for 15 minutes). DPX group additionally received dopexamine (0.5 μg/kg per minute over four hours). One half of the animals in each group underwent studies of intestinal microvascular blood flow (IMBF) using laser Doppler fluxmetry. In the other half an intravital microscopic evaluation of leucocyte-endothelial cell interaction in intestinal microcirculation was conducted. Functional capillary density (FCD) in the intestinal mucosa and in the circular as well as longitudinal muscle layer

For citation: Suchkova OV, Gurfinkel YuI, Sasonko ML. Microcirculatory parameters in compensated and decompensated type 2 diabetes mellitus. Terapevticheskij arkhiv (archive until 2018). 2017;89(10):28-35. https://doi.org/10.17116/terarkh2017891028-35. ...

A total of 405 men and 813 women were included in the present study. Women were slightly older, and more likely to be Hispanic and nonwhite than men. Compared to men, women were also more frequently obese and hypertensive. However, women were less likely to use tobacco. Chest pain and dyspnea were also more frequent in women than men. The pretest clinical risk based on the gender-neutral modified Duke clinical risk score was higher among women than men (35% vs. 29%, respectively, p = 0.007). Left ventricular ejection fractions were slightly higher among women, although they were normal in both genders. Coronary microvascular dysfunction was highly prevalent both in men and women (51% and 54%, respectively; P [Fisher exact test] = 0.39; P [equivalence] = 0.0002). Regardless of gender, coronary flow reserve was a powerful incremental predictor of MACE (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95% confidence interval, 0.75-086] per 10% increase in coronary flow reserve; p < 0.0001), and resulted in favorable net ...

Good afternoon, dear colleagues. The topic of this lecture is typical pathological processes involving the system of microcirculation. Microcirculation is most important part of general hemodynamics. The definition of microcirculation: microcirculation is blood flow in micro vessels with diameter less than 100 micrometers. But, of course, the quantitative border is not the most essential. Most essential is that microcirculation is tightly related to fluid exchange between the blood and tissues, the microcirculatory dynamics includes microcirculation in blood vessels, flow of lymph and extravasal tissue fluid. We need to emphasize that microvasculature represents a kind of frame or if you want tissue plumbing and sanitation system. But the tubes of this plumbing and sanitation system are embedded, built into the walls of a house. And microcirculation is closely associated with mesenchymal stroma or connective tissue, skeleton of all organs and tissues. At the stromal and vascular metrics, the ...

Recently, coronary microvascular function was documented to be impaired even in patients with prehypertension. However, the impact of antihypertensive level on improvement of coronary microvascular dysfunction in hypertensive patients remains to be established. We investigated the optimal blood pres

Hamster Small Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Creative Bioarray are isolated from small intestine of pathogen-free laboratory mice. Hamster Small Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells are grown in T25 tissue culture flasks pre-coated with gelatin-based coating solution for 2 min and incubated in Creative Bioarray Culture Complete Growth Medium generally for 3-7 days. Cultures are then expanded. Prior to shipping, cells are detached from flasks and immediately cryo-preserved in vials. Each vial contains at least 1x10^6 cells per ml and are delivered frozen. The method we use to isolate endothelial cells was developed based on a combination of established and our proprietary methods ...

Background Patients affected by systemic sclerosis (SSc) develop functional and structural microcirculatory dysfunction, which leads to skin fibrosis initially affecting distal extremity. Recent studies have tested the possibility of evaluating the skin microcirculation of the entire hand and its spatial heterogeneity by means of optical Near-Infrared Spectroscopic (NIRS) of blood HbO2 saturation (stO2). The NIRS-sensitive camera is a non-invasive tissue oxygenation measurement system based on near infrared light. The camera reports and approximates value of stO2 in superficial tissue. Processing software of the NIRS-camera generates 2D imaging maps automatically in real time. ...

Microcirculation accounts for about 99% of blood vessels in adults and mediates between the arterial and venous parts of the cardiovascular system, both structurally and functionally. Skin microcirculation consists of two vascular plexuses: superficial and deep. Microcirculation includes vessels...

Precise regulation of microvascular tone and barrier function is essential for proper coronary perfusion and performance. Agonist-induced alterations in either or both of these functions ultimately lead to microcirculatory dysfunction and cardiac insufficiency. Two important pathways involved in r...

We tested the hypothesis that transmural differences in coronary microvascular pressures may be greater in the setting of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Epicardial and endocardial microvascular pressures were measured in isolated lidocaine-arrested hearts during adenosine vasodilation. In both normotensive (n = 19) and hypertensive (one clip, one kidney, n = 10) dogs, microvascular pressures in endocardial arterioles at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 mm Hg of left main coronary perfusion pressures were lower than in epicardial arterioles (p less than 0.05 at all perfusion pressures). The pressures in epicardial arterioles as a percentage of the left main coronary perfusion pressure were similar in normotensive versus hypertensive hearts at all perfusion pressures. In contrast, the pressures in endocardium at 90 and 100 mm Hg of perfusion pressure were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower in dogs with hypertension and hypertrophy than in the controls (41 +/- 4 versus 50 +/- 2 and 40 ...

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMVD) is often suggested in patients with typical chest pain and abnormal stress test results that are indicative of myocardial ischemia, in who coronary angiography fails to show fixed stenosis in epicardial coron

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, Left Ventricular Remodeling and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Impairment. Circulation. 2019 Nov 29;: Authors: Bajaj N, Singh A, Zhou W, Gupta A, Fujikura K, Byrne C, Harms HJ, Osborne MT, Bravo P, Andrikopoulou E, Divakaran S, Bibbo CF, Hainer J, Skali H, Taqueti V, Steigner M, Dorbala S, Charytan DM, Prabhu SD, Blankstein R, Deo...

Cardiologists are learning more about coronary microvascular dysfunction, a cause of many previously unexplained cases of chest pain.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Injury of the renal microvascular endothelium alters barrier function after ischemia. AU - Sutton, Timothy A.. AU - Mang, Henry E.. AU - Campos, Silvia B.. AU - Sandoval, Ruben M.. AU - Yoder, Mervin C.. AU - Molitoris, Bruce A.. PY - 2003/8/1. Y1 - 2003/8/1. N2 - The role of renal microvascular endothelial cell injury in the pathophysiology of ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) remains largely unknown. No consistent morphological alterations have been ascribed to the endothelium of the renal microvasculature as a result of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine biochemical markers of endothelial injury and morphological changes in the renal microvascular endothelium in a rodent model of ischemic ARF. Circulating von Willebrand factor (vWF) was measured as a marker of endothelial injury. Twenty-four hours after ischemia, circulating vWF peaked at 124% over baseline values (P = 0.001). The FVB-TIE2/GFP mouse was utilized to localize ...

It is widely known that stress conditioning can protect microcirculation and induce the release of vasoactive factors for a period of several hours. Little, however, is known about the long-term effects of stress conditioning on microcirculation, especially on the microcirculation of the periosteum of the calvaria. For this reason, we used intravital fluorescence microscopy to investigate the effects of heat shock priming on the microcirculation of the periosteum over a period of several days. Fifty-two Lewis rats were randomized into eight groups. Six groups underwent heat shock priming of the periosteum of the calvaria at 42.5°C, two of them (n = 8) for 15 minutes, two (n = 8) for 25 minutes and two (n = 8) for 35 minutes. After 24 hours, a periosteal chamber was implanted into the heads of the animals of one of each of the two groups mentioned above. Microcirculation and inflammatory responses were studied repeatedly over a period of 14 days using intravital fluorescence microscopy. The expression

Dive into the research topics of Experimental microvascular growth plate transfers. Part 1 - Investigation of vascularity. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Actual Environmental Problems: the proceedings of the VI-th International scientific conference for young scientists, PhD students, Masters degree students and students (in English), Minsk, November 24-25, 2016/ ISEI BSU; edited by S. A. Maskevitch, S. S. Poznjak. - Minsk: 2016. - Pp. 76-77 ...

Background. Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous disease state brought about by a dysregulated host response to systemic infection, with uncontrolled pro- and anti-inflammatory processes leading to collateral tissue injury and immune suppression.. Sepsis poses a significant health burden worldwide, with deaths attributed in the UK estimated at approximately 44,000 per annum. Prompt treatment directed by internationally agreed management guidelines improves outcomes in sepsis. However early diagnosis of sepsis remains difficult, with current diagnostic criteria relying on the presence of organ dysfunction and derangement of macro haemodynamic variables. At the point of diagnosis, mortality is in excess of 10%. At present there are no specific criteria in the diagnosis of sepsis based on the underlying pathophysiological abnormalities, specifically on assessment of the microcirculation.. The microcirculation in sepsis. The microcirculation consists of a dense network of arterioles, capillaries and ...

We investigated whether acute FFA elevation in lean women impairs, and whether overnight FFA lowering in obese women improves, microvascular function in the basal state and during physiological hyperinsulinemia. We report four novel findings: 1) in lean women, acute elevation of FFA levels impairs microvascular function (capillary recruitment and acetylcholine-induced vasodilation) both in the basal state and during hyperinsulinemia, 2) in obese women, overnight lowering of FFA levels improves capillary recruitment both in the basal state and during hyperinsulinemia, 3) in lean and obese women, changes in FFA levels are inversely associated with changes in capillary recruitment and insulin-mediated glucose uptake, and 4) in lean and obese women, changes in microvascular function can statistically explain part of the association between changes in FFA levels and changes in insulin-mediated glucose uptake. These findings are consistent with a role for FFA-induced microvascular dysfunction in the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Microcirculation and intracellular free calcium changes in the pregnant uterine muscle. AU - Ruttner, Z.. AU - Ivanics, T.. AU - Kozma, F.. AU - Slaaf, D. W.. AU - Reneman, R. S.. AU - Ligeti, L.. AU - Tóth, A.. PY - 1998/3/20. Y1 - 1998/3/20. N2 - The quality of the microcirculation of the uterus is a key factor for the condition of the fetus. Presently, no model is available to study directly the in vivo microciculation of the myometrium under physiological and pathophysiological circumstances. Therefore, we present a novel model to study the microcirculation and intracellular processes in the myometrium of the close to term pregnant anesthetized rats. Pups are removed from the uterus, and a small strip of uterus is prepared free, flipped over and mounted in a superfusion chamber, leaving the radix and thereby the circulation intact. Patency of the preparation was verified with RBC velocity measurements. For fluorescence ratio measurements, Indo-1 AM was used. Fluorescence ...

Moving red blood cells in the superficial skin microvasculature give rise to a Doppler shift of monochromatic laser light, which is proportional to the concentration and speed of the blood cells. With use of this principle, relative changes in skin metabolic and thermoregulatory blood flow can be measured in a single spot (approximately 1 mm3 of skin) or in a larger skin area with laser-Doppler perfusion imaging, revealing spatial heterogeneity in microvascular perfusion.37 The laser-Doppler signal comes predominantly from small arterioles and venules, and to a lesser extent from capillaries.38. Baseline skin blood flow registrations can be used to evaluate flowmotion. Flowmotion is the result of vasomotion, an important component of microvascular function characterized by rhythmic changes in (precapillary) arteriolar diameter. Vasomotion leads to optimal flow distribution to various tissue regions for delivery of oxygen and nutrients,39,40 and reduces hydraulic resistance.41 The rhythmic ...

The historical perception of CMD was that it was related to high vascular resistance during increased demand or vasodilatation. Interestingly, in our study cohort, the patients who conformed to this pathophysiological subtype (whom we classified as having structural CMD) represented less than one-half of all patients with impaired CFR. The structural CMD group had more established cardiovascular risk factors and poorly controlled hypertension, a process similarly associated with diminished maximal flow (11). Exercise-induced hypertension led to increased myocardial oxygen demand during exercise within this group. Attenuated reduction in afterload with exercise interrupted the usual synergistic response of the coronary and peripheral circulations and predispose patients to ischemia (6). Systemic vasodilatation in response to acetylcholine, which in health generates endogenous nitric oxide via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), was impaired in patients with structural CMD. Therefore, shear ...

Dr. Maniscalco studies pulmonary microvascular development in lung injury. Using various animal models, including a non-human primate model of BPD, this work examines the effects of oxygen and ventilation of immature lung on the development of alveolar capillaries. The major goals of the research are to characterize microvascular development in lung injury and investigate angiogenic and angiostatic regulators in normal and injured lung. Recent work has linked expression of inflammatory CXC chemokine mediators, which regulate angiogenesis and are part of the pathophysiology of BPD, to impaired lung microangiogenesis. ...

Baseline characteristics were not different between cases and controls, except for beta-blocker use and which was higher in cases, and mean (SD) CFR which was lower in cases [1.19 (0.23) and 2.78 (0.78) in cases and controls respectively; p < 0.01]. We identified 5345 peptides corresponding to 209 proteins, and identified 197 proteins by peptides with suitable properties to infer relative quantitation values. While the calculated values for some proteins (e.g. vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, apolipoprotein C and Von Willebrand Factor) indicate fold-differences between groups, these are most likely a result of high values in only 1-2 patients and are not statistically significant ...

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. In the presence of signs and symptoms of myocardial ischaemia, women are more likely than men to have no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Women have a greater burden of symptoms than men, and are often falsely reassured despit …

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What is microcirculatory shock? The concept of shock has been central in the ideas governing resuscitation. From a clinical macrocirculatory point of view, Weil and Henning described the four states of shock as including cardiogenic, obstructive, distributive, and hypovolemic shock. Shock is defined as a condition whereby the circulation is unable to deliver adequate blood flow to meet the metabolic demands of the parenchymal cells needed to support organ function and/or when cellular metabolism dysfunction occurs. In the description of clinical shock the conceptual origin of shock has been emphasized as being of a cellular nature. From this latest perspective, shock concerns a cellular definition. The physiological interface compartment between macrocirculatory shock and cellular shock is therefore open to discussion and definition, i.e., the microcirculation. [...] ...

In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the changes in intestinal microcirculatory oxygenation induced by acute normovolemic HD. Our results show that severe HD is associated with redistribution of O2 delivery away from the intestines and also shunting of the residual O2 within the intestines itself. The correlation between mucosal μHbO2 and μPo2 during reduction of intestinal microvascular oxygenation indicates that impaired erythrocyte O2 off-loading is not the key mechanism responsible for the decreased microcirculatory mucosal oxygenation. Thus O2 shunting bypassing the microcirculation to the venous compartment appears to be the main factor. Herein, rheological alterations may contribute, and a potential candidate is the observed erythrocyte rigidification during ANH.. In HD pigs, mucosal μHbO2 was well preserved during mild ANH but finally progressively declined. This finding of a two-phase response of intestinal microvascular oxygenation (maintained oxygenation during ...

Bingol, F., Yoruk, O., Bingol, B. O., Erdemci, B., Ozkan, O., & Mazlumoglu, M. R. (2015). Estimation of the efficacy of chemo-radiotherapy on tumor regression in the patients with laryngeal cancer via computerized tomography using the Cavalieri method. Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 1-4. doi: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1096958.. Darlot, F., Moro, C., El Massri, N., Chabrol, C., Johnstone, D. M., Reinhart, F., . . . Benabid, A.-L. (2015). Near-infrared light is neuroprotective in a monkey model of Parkinsons disease. Annals of Neurology, n/a-n/a. doi: 10.1002/ana.24542.. McConnell, E. D., Wei, H. S., Reitz, K. M., Kang, H., Takano, T., Vates, G. E., & Nedergaard, M. (2015). Cerebral microcirculatory failure after subarachnoid hemorrhage is reversed by hyaluronidase. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. doi: 10.1177/0271678×15608389.. Prokop, S., Miller, K. R., Drost, N., Handrick, S., Mathur, V., Luo, J., . . . Heppner, F. L. (2015). Impact of peripheral myeloid cells on amyloid-β pathology in ...

Introduction 0 Traditionally it has been thought that during septic shock, renal blood flow decreases leading to pre-renal kidney injury. This implied

The fact that AM behaves as a local autocrine and/or paracrine hormone raises the possibility that AM released by CECs acts primarily on AM receptors present in the cerebral endothelium itself and on neighboring cells. The expression of CRLR, RAMP-1, -2, -3, was characterized on isolated rat cerebral microvessels [4], in rat CECs and cerebral pericytes [3], and in rat astrocytes [2]. In cultured rat CECs and peri-cytes RAMP-2 showed the highest expression, followed by RAMP-3 and RAMP-1, and exogenous AM increased the intracellular cAMP concentration suggesting the existence of functional AM receptors on these cells [3]. Although astrocyte-derived factors increased the AM production of rat CECs, they did not change the expression of AM receptor components in rat CECs. Oliver et al. [5] reported the same expression pattern of RAMPs in human cerebral vasculature.. Was this article helpful?. ...

Results Overall, a discordance between IMR and MVO was observed in 36.7% of cases, with 31 patients having MVO and IMR ≤40. Compared with patients with MVO and IMR ≤40, patients with both MVO and IMR ,40 had an 11.9-fold increased risk of final IS ,25% at 6 months (p = 0.001). Patients with MVO and IMR ≤40 had a significantly smaller IS at 6 months (p = 0.001), with significant regression in IS over time (34.4% [interquartile range (IQR): 27.3% to 41.0%] vs. 22.3% [IQR: 16.0% to 30.0%]; p = 0.001). ...

Melcalin Flow is a food supplement act on microcirculation improving legs heaviness while vitamin C contributes to the formation of collagen, which is necessary to maintain a good elasticity of the blood vessels.

Contains a new chapter on microcirculation The already existing chapters have been rearranged and updated on the basis of the most recent meta-analyses

Microcirculatory alterations are frequent in sepsis and different mechanisms can be implied and variously studied. The severity of microvascular alterations is associated with organ dysfunction and mortality. The aim of this review is to make an overview of the most actual and used techniques applied on septic humans. We aimed at focus on the impact of different techniques on the evaluation of patients management and outcome.. ...

The endothelium is the largest and at the same time most diffuse organ in the human body. Endothelial cells (EC) control oxygenation, organ function and -perfusion and mediate the communication between blood and tissue. Because EC line all vessels, they are exposed to systemic soluble and mechanical factors including cytokines and growth factors, blood composition as well as microvesicles and hemodynamic force. Conversely, the endothelium reflects the tissues condition to circulating cells and plasma and communicates with downstream sections of the vasculature and -tissues, through (i) the release of microvesicles; (ii) the expression and shedding of surface molecules or (iii) the secretion of cytokines. Obstructive artery disease and Dysfunctional endothelial behavior of the coronary microcirculation has fundamental implications on the origin of ischemic heart disease and is frequently overlooked in contemporary guidelines on treatment of myocardial ischemia ...

Effect of local blunt muscle trauma on microvascular blood flow, relative hemoglobin amount and hemoglobin O2 saturation.Animals (n = 8) were ventilated wit

Coronary microvascular disease is a condition that affects the walls and lining of the tiny blood vessels that branch off of the larger coronary arteries. The condition primarily affects women. If you suspect a problem, call 714-456-6699.

The causes of coronary microvascular disease are the same as atherosclerosis Unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, unhealthy eating habits, lack of exercise, etc.