TY - JOUR. T1 - Orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact clinical specimens of stomach cancer to nude mice. T2 - Correlation of metastatic sites in mouse and individual patient donors. AU - Furukawa, Toshiharu. AU - Kubota, Tetsuro. AU - Watanabe, Masahiko. AU - Kitajima, Masaki. AU - Hoffman, Robert M.. PY - 1993/2/20. Y1 - 1993/2/20. N2 - Fresh surgical specimens derived from 36 patients with advanced stomach cancer were orthotopically transplanted in nude mice using histologically intact tissue. Twenty of 36 patient tumors gave rise to locally growing tumors in the mice. All 20 patients whose stomach tumors resulted in local growth in the nude mice had clinical lymph‐node involvement, whereas 8 of the other 16 patients whose tumors were rejected had lymph‐node involvement. There was a statistical correlation(p ,0.01) between local tumor growth in nude mice and clinical lymph‐node involvement. Of the 20 cases resulting in local growth in the nude mice, 5 had clinical liver ...

BioAssay record AID 710427 submitted by ChEMBL: Binding affinity to TLR2 in human SU.86.86 cells xenografted in Harlan athymic nude mouse tumor assessed as increase in fluorescence at 100 nmol/kg, iv measured up to 24 hrs.

Peloruside A is a microtubule-stabilizing agent isolated from a New Zealand marine sponge. Peloruside prevents growth of a panel of cancer cell lines at low nanomolar concentrations, including cell lines that are resistant to paclitaxel. Three xenograft studies in athymic nu/nu mice were performed to assess the efficacy of peloruside compared with standard anticancer agents such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, and doxorubicin. The first study examined the effect of 5 and 10 mg/kg peloruside (QD×5) on the growth of H460 non-small cell lung cancer xenografts. Peloruside caused tumor growth inhibition (%TGI) of 84% and 95%, respectively, whereas standard treatments with paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, QD×5) and docetaxel (6.3 mg/kg, Q2D×3) were much less effective (%TGI of 50% and 18%, respectively). In a second xenograft study using A549 lung cancer cells and varied schedules of dosing, activity of peloruside was again superior compared with the taxanes with inhibitions ranging from 51% to 74%, compared with ...

METHODS: Eight 6-8 week old female athymic nude mice were randomly selected. ATC cell line ARO cells were injected into the left ventricular cavity of each mouse respectively. Each mouse was imaged using a dedicated small-animal PET/CT scanner after successful injection of [18F]-FDG under deep anesthesia. Pathological examination was carried out to confirm the bone metastases of ATC ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Prostatic tumor implantation in the nude mouse via a perineal approach. AU - Garzotto, Mark. AU - Huryk, Robert. AU - Fair, William R.. AU - Heston, W. D.W.. PY - 1997/9/15. Y1 - 1997/9/15. N2 - We describe a novel technique for tumor implantation into the prostate of a nude mouse, using a perineal approach. This technique offers the benefit of being able to accurately implant malignant cells into the dorsal prostate without entering the abdominal cavity.. AB - We describe a novel technique for tumor implantation into the prostate of a nude mouse, using a perineal approach. This technique offers the benefit of being able to accurately implant malignant cells into the dorsal prostate without entering the abdominal cavity.. KW - Nude mouse. KW - Orthotopic implantation. KW - Prostatic carcinoma. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030820459&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030820459&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - ...

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Accessible surface proteins of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells) of normal CBA mice and bone-marrow-derived lymphocytes (B-cells) of congenitally athymic nu/nu mice were analysed. The surfaces of lymphocytes were radioiodinated by using the enzyme lactoperoxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), then solubilized either in acid-urea or in the non-ionic detergent Nonidet P-40. These lysates were then precipitated with antisera specific to either immunoglobulin or the θ-alloantigen in order to assess the presence of these surface markers. Comparable amounts of radioactivity in proteins specifically precipitable as immunoglobulin were obtained from T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes when the cells were disrupted by acid-urea. This immunoglobulin had mol. wt. approx. 180000 and was composed of light chains and μ-type heavy chains. When radioiodinated lymphocytes were solubilized with Nonidet P-40, 3-4% of radioiodinated high-molecular-weight protein of B-cells consisted of immunoglobulin, a result similar to that ...

Colony counts and light microscopy were used to assess the capacity of Candida albicans to colonize, infect the alimentary tract, and cause disseminated disease in athymic (nu/nu), euthymic (nu/+), beige (bg/bg), black (bg/+), beige athymic (bg/bg nu/nu), or beige euthymic (bg/bg nu/+) germfree mice. The alimentary tracts of all six genotypes of germfree mice were quickly colonized after exposure to yeast-phase C. albicans. Only bg/bg nu/nu mice showed obvious morbidity and mortality after mucosal colonization with C. albicans. Histopathology of C. albicans-colonized immunocompetent (nu/+, bg/+) and singly immunodeficient (nu/nu, bg/bg, bg/bg nu/+) mice showed minimal to moderate mucosal infections, whereas doubly immunodeficient (bg/bg nu/nu) mice showed extensive yeast and hyphal infection of the palate, tongue, esophagus, and stomach. A progressive systemic infection in C. albicans-colonized mice occurred only in bg/bg nu/nu mice 12 to 16 weeks after colonization and mucosal infection. Thus, ...

Toxins. Both PA and LF were expressed and purified as previously described (15, 17).. Cell lines. The human melanoma cell line we chose to use for the s.c. mouse xenograft model was the SK-MEL-28 cell line. SK-MEL-28 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA) and grown as recommended in MEM (Eagle) with 2 mmol/L l-glutamine and Earles balanced salt solution adjusted to contain 1.5 g/L sodium bicarbonate, 0.1 mmol/L nonessential amino acids, and 1.0 mmol/L sodium pyruvate, 90%; fetal bovine serum, 10%.. Animals. Female athymic nude mice, 8 to 10 weeks old, were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) and maintained in a ventilated rack system. Irradiated food and autoclaved water were provided ad libitum. The mice were allowed to adjust to their environment for 1 week.. PA-to-LF ratio and timing determination. Athymic nude mice were inoculated s.c. with 10 million SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells. At day 9 post-tumor inoculation, animals were then ...

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Stable green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressing BxPC-3 cells (BxPC3-GFP) from Anticancer, Inc., were developed using previously established transfection method [31]. BxPC3 cells were used for the in vivo study because they are compatible with Cetuximab (an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitor) based treatment. BxPC3 cells express EGFR and have wild type KRAS (Kirsten ras oncogene homolog). Cells were grown in T-75 tissue culture flasks with RPMI 1640 culture media (Gibco-BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Hyclone, Logan, UT, USA), and maintained in a humidified incubator at 37 â °C, 95% air and 5% carbon dioxide.. Animal model: bilateral BxPC-3 - GFP mouse flank model. The subcutaneous xenograft model was established by injecting 10 million BXPC-3 - GFP cells subcutaneously in the left and right flanks of male athymic (nu/nu) BALB/c mice (Anticancer, Inc., San Diego, CA) [32]. Animals were selected for treatment ...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in US men. Metastasis is the final step of tumor progression and remains the primary cause of PCa death. Hence preclinical, orthotopic models of PCa metastasis are necessary to develop new therapeutics against metastatic disease. Yet unlike irrelevant subcutaneous tumor models, the deployment of orthotopic models of cancer metastasis in drug research and development is limited by the inability to longitudinally monitor cancer progression/regression in response to administration of experimental pharmaceuticals. Recently, a nearinfrared fluorescent protein (iRFP) was created for deeper imaging [1]. Imaging prostate tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in nude mice therefore becomes possible using this new fluorescent gene reporter. In this study, we first developed an intensified CCD (ICCD)-based iRFP fluorescence imaging device. Then human PCa PC3 cell lines expressing iRFP gene reporter were orthotopically implanted in male Nu/Nu mice at ...

In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of IL-13Rα2 chain inhibits tumorigenicity of human breast and pancreatic tumor cells in nude mice. Although there was no difference in growth between vector only transfected cells and IL-13Rα2 chain transfected cells in vitro, in nude mice, tumorigenicity was impaired in IL-13Rα2 chain overexpressing tumors. The presence of inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils were found to correlate with the lack of tumorigenicity or significant reduction in tumor growth rate. Neutrophils were found to produce IL-13 and IL-13 had modest antitumor effect in IL-13Rα2 overexpressing tumors. Moreover, IL-13Rα2 overexpressing tumor cells produced high level of IL-8 which has been shown to reduce tumorigenicity in several tumor models. To our knowledge this is the first report that implicates cytokine receptor chain in tumorigenesis.. It is of interest to note that stability of IL-13Rα2 chain expression and tumor growth in nude mice correlated extremely ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of AFAP-110 is overexpressed in prostate cancer and contributes to tumorigenic growth by regulating focal contacts. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Ricciardi, castagnoli P.; Lieberman, M; Finn, O; Kaplan, D H.; and Leukemia, L I., Virus in athymic nude mice. (1978). Subject Strain Bibliography 1978. 1049 ...

In this report, we have examined the role of the NT-trk receptor axes in the development and progression of human prostatic carcinoma and PDAC-derived xenografts in nude mice and the consequences of disrupting trk-mediated signaling in these tumor types using a mixture of NT neutralizing antibodies (anti-NGF, anti-BDNF, anti-NT-3, and anti-NT-4/5). We provide evidence that the NT-trk receptor axes are involved in the growth of TSU-Pr1 and PC-3 prostatic carcinoma and AsPC-1 PDAC xenografts. Treatment with the anti-NT antibody mixture inhibited significantly the growth of TSU-Pr1 and AsPC-1 tumor xenografts over a 15-day period and was generally well tolerated. In addition, treatment of nude mice bearing PC-3 tumors with the antibody mixture (400 μg) caused significant tumor regression. The mixture of NT neutralizing antibodies did not inhibit the growth of either the SK-OV-3 or CFPAC xenografts, although each cell line expressed the high-affinity NGF receptor, trkA, supporting previous data ...

Reed, N D.; Isaak, D D.; and Jacobson, R H., The use of nude mice in model systems for studies on acquired immunity to parasitic helminths, p. 3-16. In proc. Second internat. Workshop nude mice, univ. Tokyo (1977). Subject Strain Bibliography 1977. 1051 ...

Enumeration and quantification of M. leprae in mouse FPs using conventional assays.BALB/c (gray bars) and athymic nu/nu (black bars) mice were infected in the F

Enumeration and quantification of M. leprae in mouse FPs by molecular assays.BALB/c (gray bars) and athymic nu/nu (black bars) mice were infected in with 3×107

The growth characteristics and metastatic behavior of human tumors growing in athymic nude mice were studied. Human tumor cell lines HEp-2 (carcinoma of larynx) and SW480 (colon carcinoma) were transplanted into athymic nude mice of BALB/c origin. Tumor cells (1 × 106 and 2 × 107) were given either s.c. or i.p.. Following s.c. injection tumors developed rapidly to become easily palpable within 2 weeks forming a s.c. tumor focus surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule. Animals with s.c. transplants were little affected by the growing tumor. At the time they were sacrificed at Day 34 (HEp-2) and 62 (SW480), a large part of the tumor was necrotic. Capsular infiltration and invasion of lymphatic vessels and perineural and perivascular lymphatic spaces were observed. Metastases to regional lymph nodes were seen in animals kept alive for up to 6 months.. Following i.p. transplantation, tumors spread widely in the peritoneal cavity, invaded intraabdominal organs, and metastasized to mediastinal lymph ...

TGF-βs are pleiotropic regulatory proteins that are often highly overexpressed in the microenvironment of advanced tumors. Since nearly all cell types respond to TGF-β, TGF-βs are wellpositioned to integrate cellular responses in the parenchymal and stromal compartments of normal tissues and of tumors, and to mediate cross-talk between the two. Pre-clinical studies have uncovered complex roles for TGF-βs in tumorigenesis, with tumor suppressive and tumor promoting effects on both compartments. In this review, we discuss the biological activities of TGF-β that underlie these effects and address some of the mechanisms that determine which type of effect dominates at different stages of the tumorigenic process. Finally, we consider the prospects for therapeutic targeting of TGF-β in cancer, as a way to simultaneously normalize both the microenvironmental and parenchymal compartments of the tumor, and thus prevent or reverse tumor progression ...

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4791 Prostate cancer (PCA) remains the most commonly diagnosed visceral cancer in men with more than 230,000 newly diagnosed cases in 2005, and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among US men. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are potent mitogens that regulate proliferation and survival of PCA cells via autocrine and paracrine loops involving MAPK, Akt and NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways. Recently we showed that inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) inhibits human PCA DU145 xenograft growth in male nude mice, which was associated with its anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in both in vivo and in vitro PCA systems; however, its mechanism of efficacy is not known completely. Here, we performed detailed mechanistic studies with IP6 to assess and define its effect on growth inhibition and apoptosis in human PCA PC3 cells cultured under serum or starved-condition without or with growth factor stimulation. Cell growth and proliferation were assayed by ...

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The T84 cell line is a transplantable human carcinoma cell line derived from a lung metastasis of a colon carcinoma in a 72-year-old male. Tumor tissue was inoculated subcutaneously and serially transplanted in BALB/c nude mice.

Conjugates of membrane disrupting lytic peptides with a 15-amino acid segment of the β chain of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) or luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) target and destroy cancer cell xenografts in nude mouse model.

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In Vivo: MK-2206 shows 60% TGI and inhibits more than 70 % of phospho-Akt1/2 (T308 and S473) in A2780 ovarian cancer xenografts at a dose of 240 mg/kg. [1] MK-2206 exhibits significant antitumor activity in NCI-H292 xenograft in combination with erlotinib or ...

3. Kiguchi, K., Kubota, T., Aoki, D., Udagawa, Y., Yamanouchi, S., Saga, M., Amemiya, A., Nozawa, S., Moossa, A.R., and Hoffman, R.M. A patient-like orthotopic implantation nude mouse model of highly metastatic human ovarian cancer. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 16, 751-756, 1998. ...

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The HBx protein is known to be a promiscuous transactivator of many viral and cellular promoters in HBV-infected cells, including the promoters of genes involved in cell growth regulation, such as c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, and the epidermal growth factor receptor. In addition to these essential roles, the protein is thought to play a role in the development of HCC during chronic infection (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). In HBx transgenic mice, it has been observed that the development of HCC is critically related to the expression level of HBx protein and the expression of HBx increases the sensitivity to the tumorigenic effects of hepatocarcinogens 2- to 3-fold (31). Although the roles of HBx in viral infection and carcinoma have been well elucidated, its role as either an immunogen or cancer Ag in HBV infection is still unclear.. In this present study, we evaluated whether HBx-specific CTLs exist in chronic HBV patients, and if so, whether these cells are capable of recognizing HBx-derived epitopes and can ...

Athymic nude mice recover from an infection with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) encoding murine interleukin 2 (IL-2), but treatment with a mAb to IL-2 accentuated infection. Administration of a mAb against interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) to mice infected with the IL-2-encoding virus completely prevented the IL-2-induced mechanisms of recovery. Both asialo-GM1+ (NK) and asialo-GM1- (non-NK) cells were participants in the IFN-gamma-mediated recovery of nude mice from infection with the IL-2-encoding VV recombinant. Depletion of asialo-GM1+ cells exacerbated infection, though not as much as anti-IFN-gamma mAb. In vitro, both asialo-GM1+ and asialo-GM1- nude mouse splenocytes produced IFN-gamma in response to IL-2. ...

A mouse model of metastasis of human gastric cancer is one of the most important tools for studying the biological mechanisms underlying human gastric cancer metastasis. In this paper, we established a mouse model of metastatic human gastric cancer in nude mice that has a higher rate of tumor formation and metastasis than existing models. To generate the mouse model of metastatic human gastric cancer, fresh tumor tissues from patients that have undergone surgery for gastric cancer were subcutaneously implanted in the right and left groins of nude mice. When the implanted tissue grew to 1 cubic centimeter, the mice were killed, and the tumor tissues were examined and resected. The tumor tissues were implanted into nude mice and subjected to pathological examination, immunohistochemical staining, and real-time PCR for cytokeratin 8/18 (CK8/18), E-cadherin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The mice were also analyzed for metastasis in their

A mouse gastric cancer model is an important tool for studying the mechanisms of gastric cancer. To establish subcutaneously implanted tumors, MKN-45 cell suspensions and tumor tissues were implanted into the middle of the right armpit of nude mice. To generate an abdominal metastasis model, MKN-45 cell suspensions and tumor tissue homogenates were implanted into the middle of the lower abdomen. We measured the weights of the nude mice and the longest dimension, shortest dimension, thickness, and volume of the tumor. We also analyzed the rate of tumor formation, the time required for tumor formation, and the number and size of abdominal tumors in the mice. The rates of formation of the subcutaneously implanted tumors were 100%, 0%, and 100% in the nude mice inoculated with 2 × 10|sup|7|/sup| cells/mL or 1 × 10|sup|7|/sup| cells/mL of the MKN-45 cell suspension or the tumor tissue homogenate (2 × 10|sup|7|/sup| cells/mL),

Metastatic uveal melanoma is a highly fatal disease; most patients die from their hepatic metastasis within 1 year. A major drawback in the development of new treatments for metastatic uveal melanoma is the difficulty in obtaining appropriate cell lines and the lack of appropriate animal models. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models, bearing ectopically implanted tumors at a subcutaneous site, have been developed. However, these ectopically implanted PDX models have obstacles to translational research, including a low engraftment rate, slow tumor growth, and biological changes after multiple passages due to the different microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, we developed a new method to directly transplant biopsy specimens to the liver of immunocompromised mice. By using two metastatic uveal melanoma cell lines, we demonstrated that the liver provides a more suitable microenvironment for tumor growth compared to subcutaneous sites and that surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is associated with poor-prognosis breast cancer. We used a nude mouse xenograft model to determine the effects of COX-2 inhibition in breast cancer. Oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF7/HER2-18 and ER-negative MDAMB231 breast cancer cell lines were injected into nude mice and allowed to form tumours. Mice then received either chow containing Celecoxib (a COX-2 inhibitor) or control and tumour growth measured. Tumour proliferation, apoptosis, COX-2, lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting or Q-PCR. Celecoxib inhibited median tumour growth in MCF7/HER2-18 (58.7%, P=0.029) and MDAMB231 (46.3%, P=0.0002) cell lines compared to control. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression decreased following Celecoxib treatment (MCF7/HER2-18 median control 65.3% vs treated 22.5%, P=0.0001). Celecoxib increased apoptosis in MCF7/HER2-18 tumours (TUNEL 0.52% control vs 0.73% treated, P=0.0004) via inactivation of AKT (median pAKT(ser473) 57.3% control

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Antitumor activity of [Pt(O,O-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)] in mouse xenograft model of breast cancer. AU - Muscella, A.. AU - Vetrugno, C.. AU - Migoni, D.. AU - Biagioni, F.. AU - Fanizzi, F. P.. AU - Fornai, F.. AU - De Pascali, S. A.. AU - Marsigliante, S.. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - The higher and selective cytotoxicity of [Pt(O,O-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)] toward cancer cell in both immortalized cell lines and in breast cancer cells in primary cultures, stimulated a pre-clinical study so as to evaluate its therapeutic potential in vivo. The efficacy of [Pt(O,O-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS) ] was assessed using a xenograft model of breast cancer developed by injection of MCF-7 cells in the flank of BALB/c nude mice. Treatment of solid tumor-bearing mice with [Pt(O,O-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)] induced up to 50% reduction of tumor mass compared with an average 10% inhibition recorded in cisplatin-treated animals. Thus, chemotherapy with [Pt(O,O-acac)(γ-acac) (DMS)] was much more effective than ...

Figure 6. A, dietary GSPs inhibit the growth of A549 and H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) grown as xenografts in athymic nude mice (29). Tumor xenografts tissues were harvested at the termination of the experiment, and the wet weight of the tumor/mouse in each group is reported in grams as mean ± SD, n = 10. Statistical significance versus non-GSP-treated controls, *, P , 0.05; ¶, P , 0.01; †, P , 0.001. B, tumor xenograft tissues from control and GSP-treated (0.5%, w/w) mice were used for the analysis of the levels of COX-2 and PGE2 receptors using Western blotting. Dietary GSPs inhibit the levels of COX-2 and PGE2 receptors, EP1, EP3 and EP4, in the tumor xenograft tissues grown in athymic nude mice compared with control tumor xenograft tissues. Representative blots from A549 or H1299 xenografts are presented from the independent analysis of tumors from 6 animals per group with identical results. The relative density (arbitrary) of each band after normalization for β-actin ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Suppression of distant pulmonary metastasis of MDA-MB 435 human breast carcinoma established in mammary fat pads of nude mice by retroviral-mediated TIMP-2 gene transfer. AU - Lee, Young Kwan. AU - So, In Seob. AU - Lee, Sang Chul. AU - Lee, Jeong Hyung. AU - Lee, Chang Woo. AU - Kim, Whan Mook. AU - Park, Mi Kyung. AU - Lee, Seung Taik. AU - Park, Do Youn. AU - Shin, Deug Yong. AU - Park, Chung Ung. AU - Kim, Yeon Soo. PY - 2005/2/1. Y1 - 2005/2/1. N2 - Background: Previous studies have shown that TIMP-2 overexpression is a useful therapeutic tool for inhibiting tumor growth and invasion in animals. However, it has not been reported whether genetic manipulation for TIMP-2 overexpression can induce an inhibitory effect on s0pontaneous metastasis from the primary tumor site to other organs such as lungs or lymph nodes in an animal model. Methods: The present studies describe the effects of retrovirus-mediated TIMP-2 gene transfer into human breast cancer cell lines on the in vitro ...

HCC is one of the deadliest types of cancers, with a mortality of almost 100 % [36]. The mortality of HCC remains high because the disease is typically diagnosed when it is already at an advanced stage, when most potential curative therapies such as resection and transplantation are of limited efficacy. Recent studies reported that different therapies including surgery [5-7], hepatic artery ligation [37], insufficient radiofrequency ablation [38-40], and sublethal heat treatment [41] promoted residual tumor progression. It is especially important to investigate the underlying mechanism. Our research team has developed a safe and reliable method of palliative HCC resection in an orthotopic nude mouse model, and reported that palliative resection enhances metastatic potential of residual HCC in liver [5]. In the present study, using this method, we investigated the precise mechanism mediating this metastasis.. Data from our institution (1958-2008, unpublished) revealed that in HCC patients who ...

We analyzed CP, PP (Peyers patch), and MLN (mesenteric lymph node) cells obtained from 4-week-old athymic (nu/nu) weanling BALB/c mice by flow cytometry (11). All locations had no CD3+ T cells (Fig. 1B) or CD8+ cells, and most CP cells were c-kit+Lin− (Lin; CD3, B220, Mac-1, Gr-1, and TER119) (Fig. 1B), whereas cells from PPs and MLNs (Fig. 1B), and cells from the tissue fragments without CPs, did not have a c-kit+Lin− population. Almost all c-kit+Lin− CP cells were IL-7R+Pgp-1+ (12), 14% of c-kit+Lin− CP cells were CD4+(Fig. 1B), and 68% of c-kit+Lin− CP cells were Thy1+ (Fig. 1B). Four disinct lymphocyte subsets were present among c-kit+Lin− CP cells as determined by the expression of CD4 and Thy1. In the three lymphoid tissues of euthymic nu/+ littermates, only CP cells contained a dominant population (60 to 70%) of c-kit+Lin− cells (12). Thus, CPs differed from PPs and MLNs with respect to lymphoid residents, although they all constitute organized gut-associated lymphoid ...

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In the present study, the antitumor effects of Mel-P15 and the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects in vivo were investigated. Mel-P15 directly stimulated natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in vitro, which was increased to 55.45% at a 4 µg/ml dose of Mel-P15. In the mouse liver cancer (H22) xenograft mice model, Mel-P15 suppressed tumor growth in vivo; the tumor inhibitory rate was 61.15% following treatment with 2 mg/kg Mel-P15. In addition, the immune response was activated following Mel-P15 treatment. Mel-P15 treatment increased the spleen and thymus indices, promoted splenocyte proliferation, stimulated NK cytotoxicity and upregulated the secretion of cytokines, including interleukin-2, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, the tumor inhibitory effect of Mel-P15 on BEL-7402-bearing nude mice was abrogated by the selective depletion of NK cells via the intraperitoneal injection of an anti-asialo GM-1 antibody ...

In the present study, the antitumor effects of Mel-P15 and the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects in vivo were investigated. Mel-P15 directly stimulated natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in vitro, which was increased to 55.45% at a 4 µg/ml dose of Mel-P15. In the mouse liver cancer (H22) xenograft mice model, Mel-P15 suppressed tumor growth in vivo; the tumor inhibitory rate was 61.15% following treatment with 2 mg/kg Mel-P15. In addition, the immune response was activated following Mel-P15 treatment. Mel-P15 treatment increased the spleen and thymus indices, promoted splenocyte proliferation, stimulated NK cytotoxicity and upregulated the secretion of cytokines, including interleukin-2, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, the tumor inhibitory effect of Mel-P15 on BEL-7402-bearing nude mice was abrogated by the selective depletion of NK cells via the intraperitoneal injection of an anti-asialo GM-1 antibody ...

This study investigated the homing phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The homing specificity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) by establishing an orthotopic implantation model in nude mice. EPCs harvested from the marrow cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation. Flu …

In control arm, the tumor grew the fastest within the first couple weeks. As the tumor enlarged, we noticed a decline in growth rate of these tumors. In the control arm, the tumor growth rate was significantly higher in the first 15 days compared to the second 15 days. The tumor volume doubling time changed from 103 h in the first 15 days to 144 h in the second 15 days (P , 0.01). However, in the 2 mg T and 5 mg T arms, the opposite results were found. The data demonstrated that in 2 mg T and 5 mg T arms, the tumor growth rate was significantly lower in the first 15 days compared to the second 15 days, (184 h vs 133 h in 2 mg T arm, P , 0.05, 206 h vs 140 h in 5 mg T arm, P , 0.01). When comparing the growth rates of the control arm and the 2 mg T and 5 mg T arms in the first 15 days, the growth rates were much higher in the control arm (P , 0.01). However, in the second 15 days there was no significant difference in tumor growth rates in the control arm, 2 mg T arm, and 5 mg T arms (Fig. 4). ...

Human tumor xenograft models are used for new drug discovery and development, and are extremely useful tools in oncology. These models can be used for general treatment research and for identifying the details of tumor growth and development. Xenograft models are also widely used for personalized cancer treatment set up and tests, as their cancerous cells are similar to those of the original tumor. Xenograft model techniques allow in vivo tests on human tumors, not on mouse tumors, which may not have the same response on a particular drug or dose concentration.. Studies with xenotransplantation can be used to measure the activity of compounds based on the rate of growth exhibited by the engrafted tumors. Experimental targets may be tumors that originate from specific tissues such as breast, colon or lung. A multitude of tissue specific models exist and more are being developed. Altogen Labs has the expertise to utilize these models and any new models as they become available. In addition, we ...

Gd-albumin is efficiently accumulated in SCC transplants. MRI with low loaded Gd-albumin may offer relevant opportunities for recognizing tumors sensitive to a therapy with cyostic drug-labeled albumins.

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Mouse monoclonal to BLK Keeping track of Package-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) and regular colony development assays had been utilized to measure cell proliferation. Each test was repeated 3-4 moments. For cell routine analysis, cells had been gathered 48 hrs after transfection with indicated plasmids, stained with propidium iodide (PI, Sigma) and assayed utilizing a Beckman Coulter Movement Cytometer (Fullerton). Man BALB/c nude mice (4~6 weeks old) had been purchased from the pet Research Committee from the Institute of KU-0063794 Biology and Cell Biology (Shanghai, China) and housed in the Shandong College or university School of Medication animal facility regarding to protocols accepted by the Shandong College or university Animal Treatment Committee. HepG2.2.15 cells (1107) were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. After achieving a size of 0.5 cm, tumors were injected with plasmid (20g/100l) every fourth day for a complete of 3-4 injections. Tumor size was supervised every other time. ...

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Multidrug level of resistance (MDR) is a trend where tumor cells become simultaneously resistant to anticancer medicines with different constructions and systems of actions. telatinib (15 mg/kg) with doxorubicin (1.8 mg/kg) significantly decreased the development price and tumor size of ABCG2 overexpressing tumors inside a xenograft nude mouse magic size. These results, so long as they could be translated to human beings, recommending that telatinib, in conjunction with particular ABCG2 substrate medicines could be useful in dealing with tumors that overexpress ABCG2. gene manifestation in addition has been connected with poor response to chemotherapy in years as a child severe myeloid leukemia (AML) and relapsed AML [13, 14]. Furthermore, increased mRNA continues to be reported in irinotecan treated hepatic metastases than in irinotecan-naive metastases [15]. ABCG2 manifestation continues to be reported in a variety of solid tumors, such as for example digestive system, endometrium and melanoma ...

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Cell-line tumor. Huh-7-GFP cells (2×106) in 0.1 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were initially subcutaneously injected in the shoulder of nude mice. Resulting tumors were harvested and sectioned into small pieces for sutureless SOI to the liver.. Patient-derived tumor. A colon-cancer liver metastasis from a human patient was previously surgically obtained under standard sterile conditions at the UCSD Thornton hospital under UCSD IRB protocol 140046. Informed patient consent to utilize the tumor tissue for research was obtained prior to surgical resection (Figure 1A). Fresh tumor fragments were subcutaneously implanted in nude mice (Figure 1B). Once tumor growth was established subcutaneously, tumors were harvested and sectioned into small pieces for sutureless SOI to the liver (Figure 1C).. Sutureless SOI to the liver. Nude mice (n=10) were injected intra-muscularly with a ketamine solution (0.02 mL) for anesthesia prior to all procedures. The entire abdomen was sterilized with a 70% ethanol ...

Supplementary Materials? CAS-110-2794-s001. cervical malignancy cells. In vivo, xenograft experiments verified that SALL4 enhanced the tumor formation of cervical malignancy cells in female BALB/c Nude mice. Cell cycle analysis by fluorescence\activated cell sorting found that SALL4 accelerates cell cycle transition from your G0/G1 phase to the S phase. TOP/FOP\Adobe flash reporter assay exposed that SALL4 […]. ...

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Animal models for human tumor xenografts are used for the study of biology and treatment of human cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a model for long-term tumor observations with the...

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