BACKGROUND: Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is a site-selective post-transcriptional alteration of double-stranded RNA by ADAR deaminases that is crucial for homeostasis and development. Recently the Mouse Genomes Project generated genome sequences for 17 laboratory mouse strains and rich catalogues of variants. We also generated RNA-seq data from whole brain RNA from 15 of the sequenced strains. RESULTS: Here we present a computational approach that takes an initial set of transcriptome/genome mismatch sites and filters these calls taking into account systematic biases in alignment, single nucleotide variant calling, and sequencing depth to identify RNA editing sites with high accuracy. We applied this approach to our panel of mouse strain transcriptomes identifying 7,389 editing sites with an estimated false-discovery rate of between 2.9 and 10.5%. The overwhelming majority of these edits were of the A-to-I type, with less than 2.4% not of this class, and only three of these edits could not be
BACKGROUND: Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is a site-selective post-transcriptional alteration of double-stranded RNA by ADAR deaminases that is crucial for homeostasis and development. Recently the Mouse Genomes Project generated genome sequences for 17 laboratory mouse strains and rich catalogues of variants. We also generated RNA-seq data from whole brain RNA from 15 of the sequenced strains. RESULTS: Here we present a computational approach that takes an initial set of transcriptome/genome mismatch sites and filters these calls taking into account systematic biases in alignment, single nucleotide variant calling, and sequencing depth to identify RNA editing sites with high accuracy. We applied this approach to our panel of mouse strain transcriptomes identifying 7,389 editing sites with an estimated false-discovery rate of between 2.9 and 10.5%. The overwhelming majority of these edits were of the A-to-I type, with less than 2.4% not of this class, and only three of these edits could not be
In view of the Tnfa gene location within the major histocompatibility (MHC) region and reports of its importance in disease protection activity, this paper examines the TNF a genes of a number of different mouse strains which were known to be of different disease response phenotypes. Twelve inbred mouse strains were studied. In a separate study, the repeat length in the (CA) n microsatellite located within the Tnfa promoter region of these 12 inbred mouse strains was determined, High relative molecular mass genomic (chramosomal) DNA of the inbred mouse strains was obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. The results of the study shows that pCR-RFLps were not detected in the promoter region. Two haplotypes were defined in the first intron and three haplotypes could be defined in 3 UTR in the 12 strains based on PCR-RFLP genotypes and, moreover, these were not strictly concordant with serologically defined H2 haplotypes ...
Read Genetic structure of the LXS panel of recombinant inbred mouse strains: a powerful resource for complex trait analysis, Mammalian Genome on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evaluation of heritable determinants of blood and brain serotonin homeostasis using recombinant inbred mice. AU - Ye, R.. AU - Carneiro, A. M.D.. AU - Airey, D.. AU - Sanders-Bush, E.. AU - Williams, Robert. AU - Lu, Lu. AU - Wang, J.. AU - Zhang, B.. AU - Blakely, R. D.. PY - 2014/3/1. Y1 - 2014/3/1. N2 - The biogenic amine serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) exerts powerful, modulatory control over multiple physiological functions in the brain and periphery, ranging from mood and appetite to vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal motility. In order to gain insight into shared and distinct molecular and phenotypic networks linked to variations in 5-HT homeostasis, we capitalized on the stable genetic variation present in recombinant inbred mouse strains. This family of strains, all derived from crosses between C57BL/6J and DBA/2J (BXD) parents, represents a unique, community resource with approximately 40years of assembled phenotype data that can be exploited to explore and ...
Mice from eight inbred strains were studied for their acute sensitivity to ethanol as indexed by the degree of hypothermia (HT), indexed as the reduction from pre-injection baseline of their body temp
Genetic and environmental factors interact throughout life and give rise to individual differences, i.e., individuality. The diversifying effect of environmental factors is counteracted by genetic mechanisms to yield persistence of specific features (robustness). Here, we compared robustness between cohorts of isogenic mice of eight different commonly used strains by analyzing to what extent environmental variation contributed to individuality in each of the eight genotypes, using a previously published dataset. Behavior was assessed in the home-cage, providing control over environmental factors, to reveal within-strain variability in numerous spontaneous behaviors. Indeed, despite standardization and in line with previous studies, substantial variability among mice of the same inbred strain was observed. Strikingly, across a multidimensional set of 115 behavioral parameters, several strains consistently ranked high in within-strain variability (DBA/2J, 129S1/Sv A/J and NOD/LtJ), whereas other ...
Alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were once thought to be predominantly innocuous to cell growth. Recent evidence suggests that mtDNA undergo naturally occurring alterations, including mutations and polymorphisms, which profoundly affect the cells in which they appear and contribute to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Furthermore, interplay between mtDNA and nuclear DNA has been found in cancer cells, necessitating consideration of these complex interactions for future studies of cancer mutations and polymorphisms. In this issue of Cancer Research, Vivian and colleagues utilize a unique mouse model, called Mitochondrial Nuclear eXchange mice, that contain the nuclear DNA from one inbred mouse strain, and the mtDNA from a different inbred mouse strain to examine the genome-wide nuclear DNA methylation and gene expression patterns of brain tissue. Results demonstrated there were alterations in nuclear DNA expression and DNA methylation driven by ...
Limitation of Number of Strains and Persistence of False Positive Loci in QTL Mapping Using Recombinant Inbred Strains. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
Watson, J; Riblet, R; and Taylor, B A., The response of recombinant inbred strains of mice to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. (1977). Subject Strain Bibliography 1977. 3712 ...
Hereditary Factors:, Organs:, Serology:, Transplantation:, Congenic Resistant Lines: B10.D2/O, Genes: H-2 - Histocompatibility-2, nu - Nude, Strains: BALB/C, C3H, C57BL/6, DBA/2 (212), Unknown:. ...
|p||em||strong||/strong||/em|The wild-derived inbred strain SPRET/Ei is often used in crosses with common inbred strains to create highly polymorphic panels for genetic mapping. SPRET/Ei may be useful for studies relating to inflammatory disorders.|/p|
The breadth of genetic and phenotypic variation among inbred strains is often underappreciated because assessments include only a limited number of strains. Evaluation of a larger collection of inbred strains provides not only a greater understanding of this variation but collectively mimics much of …
The BXD set of RI strains is used in the genetic analysis of numerous complex or potentially complex physiologic phenotypes. The BXD strains are derived from the C57BL/6J (Stock No. 000664) and DBA/2J (Stock No. 000671) progenitor strains.
هدف: روش‏های انجمادی متفاوتی برای انجماد بافت تخمدان بیماران در معرض خطر ناباروری استفاده می‏شود. اتیلن گلیکول، دی متیل سولفوکساید و پروپاندیول، با خاصیت تشکیل کریستال‏های یخ کمتر به‏عنوان محلول‏های انجمادی نفوذپذیر پایه‏ای در مقایسه با انواع دیگر توصیه شده‏است. در مطالعه حاضر آثار دو روش انجماد شیشه‏ای متفاوت روی بافت کامل تخمدان موش نابالغ با استفاده از رنگ‏آمیزی تریپان بلو بررسی شد. مواد و روش‏ها: تخمدان موش‏های 8 روزه نژاد NMRI، پس از جداسازی در گروه‏های کنترل غیر انجمادی، انجمادی 1 و انجمادی 2 دسته‏بندی شدند. محلول انجمادی 1 از محیط پایه α-MEM،
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The Collaborative Cross (CC) represents a large collection of new inbred mouse strains created by the mouse genetics community aimed at revolutionizing the study of complex genetic traits and diseases. Derived from classical inbred strains and wild-derived strains, the CC captures nearly 90% of known genetic variation in laboratory mice, far surpassing more commonly used inbred strains. The CC is a tool to integrate studies of gene function and gene networks, allowing the prediction and testing of biological models based on the whole organism, critical to the development of personalized therapies for humans. Genome Research has published three articles online in-advance utilizing strains from the emerging Collaborative Cross mouse strains.. 1. Collaborative Cross strains facilitate mapping of causative loci. In this work, Aylor and colleagues performed an experiment called the the pre-CC study, the first genetic data and analysis from the emerging strains of the CC. Their investigation ...
Han Kyu Lee, Samuel J. Widmayer, Min-Nung Huang, David L. Aylor and Douglas A. Marchuk. GENETICS 213:2 (October 2019). To identify genes involved in cerebral infarction we have employed a forward genetic approach in inbred mouse strains, using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for cerebral infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion. We had previously observed that infarct volume is inversely correlated with cerebral collateral vessel density in most strains. In this study, we expanded the pool of allelic variation among classical inbred mouse strains by utilizing the eight founder strains of the Collaborative Cross and found a wild-derived strain, WSB/EiJ, that breaks this general rule that collateral vessel density inversely correlates with infarct volume. WSB/EiJ and another wild-derived strain, CAST/EiJ, show the highest collateral vessel densities of any inbred strain, but infarct volume of WSB/EiJ mice is 8.7-fold larger than that of CAST/EiJ mice. QTL mapping between these ...
In this study, we demonstrated that in vivo administration of anti-CD25 mAb (PC61) caused regression of tumors that grew progressively in syngeneic mice and killed them eventually. The tumors used were five leukemias, a myeloma, and two sarcomas derived from four different inbred mouse strains. The effect of anti-CD25 mAb (PC61) was observed on six of the eight tumors. Administration of anti-CD25 mAb (PC61) resulted in a reduction in CD4+CD25+ cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. These findings suggested that CD4+CD25+ immunoregulatory cells were involved in the growth of those tumors. Tumor regression was observed even 2-3 months after PC61-treatment. Kinetic analysis showed that the administration of anti-CD25 mAb (PC61) later than day 2 after tumor inoculation caused no tumor regression. This could be due to an insufficient activation of effector cells for proliferating tumor cells by late depletion of CD4+CD25+ T cells. Alternatively, it could be due to a failure in the activation of ...
Mouse complement component C1q is a serum glycoprotein which consists of six A chains, six B chains and six C chains. The three polypeptides are 223, 228, and 217 residues long, respectively, and are encoded by three genes. DNA probes for mouse C1q A, B, and C chains were hybridized to Southern blots of DNA obtained from various inbred mouse strains. On the basis of fragment length polymorphisms, two different alleles of each of the genes could be identified. The distribution of these alleles was determined in the BXD and LXPL recombinant inbred strain series. Comparison with previously reported strain distribution patterns shows that the genes encoding mouse C1q map to the same locus on distal chromosome 4. Overlapping clones spanning the entire gene cluster of C1q were isolated from genomic libraries using specific cDNA probes. The three genes C1qA, C1qB, and C1qC are closely arranged on a 19 kilobase stretch of DNA in the 5 to 3 orientation A-C-B. Each gene consists of two exons separated ...
Age Related Survival and Spontaneous Disease Phenotypes in Selected Genetically Diverse Inbred Laboratory Mice is a study designed to develop a comprehensive reference benchmark database and clinical evaluation of 10 genetically diverse inbred strains of classical laboratory and wild-derived mice. ...
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Male and Female Mice: 129S1/SvImJ; Male and Female Mice: A/J; Male and Female Mice: AKR/J; Male and Female Mice: B6C3F1; Male and Female Mice: BALB/cByJ; Male and Female Mice: BTBR T+ tf/J 2; Male and Female Mice: C3H/HeJ; Male and Female Mice: C57BL/6; Male and Female Mice: CAST/EiJ (M. m. castaneus); Male and Female Mice: DBA/2 Jackson; Male and Female Mice: FVB/NJ; Male and Female Mice: KK/HIJ; Male and Female Mice: MOLF/EiJ (M. m. molossinus); Male and Female Mice: NOD/LtJ; Male and Female Mice: NZW/LacJ; Male and Female Mice: PWD/PhJ (M. m. musculus); Male and Female Mice: WSB/EiJ (M. m. domesticus ...
The inheritance of B-cell responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied in 55 crosses between mice of the low-responder strain C3H/HeJ and the high-responder strains B10.5M and C3H/Tif. F1 hybrid mice between the low-and the high-responder strains, showed in every case responses which were intermediate between the responses obtained with each parent. The responsiveness among F2 hybrid and backcross mice to either high- or low-responder parents, segregated into intermediate, high, or low categories, respectively. The present results are compatible with the hypothesis that responsiveness to LPS is determined by one single, codominantly expressed, autosomal gene. The capacity to develop a specific thymus-independent response to a hapten-LPS conjugate, also under genetical control, was found to segregate together with the capacity to develop polyclonal responses to LPS. ...
History of the Swiss albino mouse. The CD-1 mice, an outbred stock of albino mice, are based on the Swiss mouse colony maintained at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, starting from two males and seven females in 1926 (24). This stock was derived from a colony of 200 mice obtained by investigators at the Pasteur Institute from a local dealer. Genetic analysis supports the claims of commercial breeders that colonies of outbred Swiss mice have not been supplemented by non-Swiss mice, as Swiss mice are genetically distinct from other mouse stocks (29). The Swiss mouse stocks may be considered an island population, isolated from migration. The C57BL/6 inbred mouse strain was established in 1921 from a breeder pair (female 57 and male 52) from Abbie Lathrops mouse colonies. The C57BLKS/J inbred strains are a derivative strain of C57BL/6J that was genetically contaminated, probably by DBA/2J (25). Information about other strains of mice relevant to this discussion can be obtained from a ...
SDS- PAGE of OMPs isolated from 4 various strains.1-2: S12, and S13 (strains investigated for pAbs production), 3: MW marker, 4: S3, 5: S7
The genetic basis of the control of acute splenic MCMV infection was studied after intraperitoneal inoculation of the virus. Classical Mendelian analyses using C57BL/6 (resistant) and BALB/c (susceptible) parental strains disclosed an autosomal dominant non-H-2 gene that regulates splenic virus replication. The probable location of this gene, to which we have assigned the symbol Cmv-1, is on chromosome 6 as defined by the strain distribution pattern of splenic MCMV replication in CXB recombinant inbred mice. Although there is a similar hierarchy of resistance to MCMV and HSV-1 with respect to the C57BL and BALB genetic backgrounds, the strain distribution pattern of HSV-1 replication in recombinant inbred mice suggests that Cmv-1 is not involved in restricting the spread of this virus. This is the first clear identification of a non-H-2 gene regulating the magnitude of MCMV infection. Elucidation of the function of this gene may be a fundamental step towards understanding the control of systemic ...
This correspondence was written in response to the comments by Young et al. Following careful evaluation of the relevant dataset, each of the points brought up by Young et al. has been addressed in this response. We anticipate this will clarify our findings regarding ERVmch8, an ecotropic endogenous retrovirus that was shown to have cerebellum-specific and age-dependent expression patterns in C57BL/6J mice.
First, a number of transcripts had distinct transcriptional activity between the two lines of mice at all time points. For example, FVB mice had consistently four- to eight-fold higher expression of the adenosine A2B receptor gene (Adora2b).. Second, a group of genes, although consistently overexpressed in FVB mice compared to SW mice, also exhibited different expression as a function of time during infection. The Sorting nexin gene (Snx6; overexpressed in FVB mice by 16- to 31-fold compared with SW mice) had increased expression at 4 dpi by approximately 2-fold in both lines of mice. However, at 9 dpi, expression of Snx6 remained elevated in FVB mice, but returned to normal in SW mice. Another example was proton-dependent high affinity oligopeptide transporter Pept2 (Slc15a2), which was overexpressed in FVB mice by 15- to 51-fold. Slc15a2 was upregulated in infected SW mice by 2-fold at 4 dpi and downregulated by 4-fold at 9 dpi, whereas in infected FVB mice its expression decreased by 11-fold ...
Our studies using systemic ribozyme-based targeting of TER suggest a direct link between the functional activity of the telomerase complex and the metastatic progression of B16-F10 melanoma in tumor-bearing C57Bl/6 mice. That cationic liposome:DNA complex-based ribozyme targeting was able to produce significant antitumor effects in a mouse tumor model system is of significance because of the potential challenges inherent in using such a model. Laboratory mouse strains, such as the one used here, have very long telomeres and high telomerase activity in many of its normal tissues (26) . Thus, systemic targeting of telomerase in this system might have been expected to produce either widespread toxicity (if successful in every organ), or no effects given the time frame over which the level of telomerase complex was reduced.. The lack of antitumor activity of the disabled mutant anti-TER 180 ribozyme strongly suggests that the in vivo mechanism of ribozyme action is TER cleavage. We note that ...
Cytosol polypeptides from mouse liver have been examined using twodimensional electrophoresis. About 250 spots were readily discernible. When cytosols from strains BALB/cBy and C57BL/6By were compared, eight genetically determined differences were observed. Other strain pairs show comparable numbers of differences. These eight phenotypes were scored in seven recombinant inbred lines derived from the two parental strains, and their strain distribution patterns were compared with previously determined patterns for other genetic markers that differ between the two progenitor strains. Using this information, tentative chromosome assignments for the genes controlling five of the variant phenotypes have been made, and two of the assignments have been confirmed using congenic resistant strains. These eight genes will be useful reference markers in fiiture crosses designed to map new genes.. ...
Eight standard inbred mouse strains were evaluated for ethanol effects on a refined battery of behavioral tests in a study that was originally designed to assess the influence of rat odors in the colony on mouse behaviors. As part of the design of the study, two experimenters conducted the tests, an …
Results of our chimaera experiments revealed no evidence that BALB/c cells were preferentially allocated to the mTE but indicated they were at a selective disadvantage between E4.5 and E8.5. We confirmed previous reports that preimplantation BALB/c embryos lagged behind embryos of some other strains and showed that the relative stage of development attained by E2.5 embryos of different strains correlated with the contribution they made to chimaeras. This suggests that the poor contribution of BALB/c embryos to aggregation chimaeras is at least partly because they lag behind their partner embryos, due to delayed or slow development.. In principle, heterosis of non-inbred partner embryos might also have contributed to the poor contribution of BALB/c cells in BALB/c↔BF2, BALB/c↔(BF1×TGB) and BALB/c↔(BF1×TP6.3) chimaeras, if hybrid cells outgrow BALB/c cells. However, this does not explain the differences in compositions of (BALB/c×AF1)↔BF2 and (AF1×BALB/c)↔BF2 chimaeras (West et al., ...
The ability of various B10 congenic resistant strains to respond to the alloantigen H-2.2 was tested. High and low antibody-producing strains were distinguished by their anti-H-2.2 hemagglutinating respones. However, these strains do not differ in their ability to respond to these antigenic differences in the mixed lymphocyte culture. The humoral response to the H-2.2 alloantigen was shown to be controlled by two interacting genes localized within the H-2 complex. Thus, F1 hybrids prepared between parental low responder strains could yield high level immune responses. In addition, strains bearing recombinant H-2 haplotypes were used to map the two distinct genes controlling the immune response. The alleles at each locus were shown to be highly polymorphic as evidenced by the asymmetric complementation patterns observed. The restricted interactions of specific alleles was termed coupled complementation. The significance of the results in the terms of mechanisms of Ir gene control are discussed. ...
Read Mind the gap: analysis of marker-assisted breeding strategies for inbred mouse strains, Mammalian Genome on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Scientists are quickly pointing out that the use of a single inbred mouse strain as was the case in this study, is not representative. Furthermore it is known that certain inbred mouse strains are resistant to septic shock, whereas others are much more susceptible. So yes the use of a certain inbred mouse strain in one study failed to translate into medicines for mankind and illustrates the limits of this particular strain for a given research or disease, however in my mind the article also reminds us of the importance of choosing the adequate or most valid animal model for a study. If I am not mistaken certain countries demand the use of two different animal species in studies such as for example rodents and primates. I now better understand the logic behind such a policy ...
The UH Gene-Server has been updated in three directories, highlights below. REMINDER: The UH Gene-Server is a volunteer effort. Because of a numbe of technical problems, the server does *not* have the latest GenBank and PIR releases; however this will be corrected during the last week of December. New Mac Software: Many PLOTA additons-power spectra of protein seqs, secondary structure prediction, etc. New MacLigand Latest Disinfectant (ver. 2.4), Gatekeeper (1.1.1) and Gatekeeper-Aid (1.1). Updated & bug fixed RIMGR by K. Mannly (mouse inbred strain db mgr). New Unix Software: Tom Schniders SEQUENCE LOGO software New Bio-Matrix files: AI-Molecular Biology Database by Larry Hunter, with registration form. To request any of these files, first start by sending a mail message to gene-server at bchs.uh.edu or gene-server%bchs.uh.edu at CUNYVM from BITNET. The Subject: line should be one of: Subject: HELP Subject: SEND MAC INDEX Subject: SEND MATRIX INDEX or Subject: SEND UNIX INDEX There are HELP ...
We thank Vendrame and Dotta (1) for their interesting perspective regarding our recently published study investigating the role of interleukin-16 (IL-16) in the development of insulitis and type 1 diabetes in female NOD mice (2). On the basis of previous studies correlating suboptimal activation of caspase-3 with the development of autoimmunity in the clinical setting (3,4), they propose a similar condition might exist in NOD mice, resulting in defective secretion of mature IL-16. Although we have not directly examined this possibility, it must be considered that many studies have wrestled with the difficulty in detecting secreted IL-16 in several mouse strains used to examine inflammatory responses (2,5). This likely reflects the biology of mature IL-16, which is active at concentrations as low as 10−11 M, and indicates that the low levels of intrapancreatic mature IL-16 detected during the development of insulitis is not restricted only to the NOD genetic background.. However, the notion ...
ei,j,k. where b0 is an intercept term, bs(h) is the regression coefficient associated with the effect of the hth strain, br(g) is the regression coefficient associated with the effect of the gth brain region, and ei,j,kis an error term. The xi,j,k(sh) and xi,j,k(rg) are indicator variables set to 1 if the ijkth observation is from strain h and/or region g, respectively, and 0 otherwise. Note that we test only five strain and four region terms because of redundancy in adding the sixth strain and fifth region in the model.. Tests of significance of the strain and region effects involve the hypothesis that the relevant regression coefficient departs from 0.0. Tests of more global hypotheses of any strain and/or region effects can be constructed by fitting reduced models that do not include the strain (or region) terms and comparing these reduced models with the full model described above. These global tests involved five and four degrees of freedom for the strain and region effect tests, ...
A shallow slope of the exposure response relationship in the observable range in a laboratory bioassay predicts a higher low dose risk; a steep slope a lower low dose risk and thus allows a higher and less protective exposure limit. Increased variability in biological response of the host predicts a shallower exposure response relationship. BrooklynDodger hypothesizes that genetically diverse free living humans show greater variability than genetically homogeneous inbred laboratory housed animals. Therefore, a reference dose established with a dose response relationship in a laboratory study will be underestimate risk in people ...
Analysis of cerebral cortex from C57BL/6J and C3H/J strains at post-natal day 1 and week 11. These strains share similar collateral vessel anatomy but exhibit significantly different infarct volume. Results provide insight into molecular mechanisms modulating infarct volume ...
Analysis of cerebral cortex from C57BL/6J and C3H/J strains at post-natal day 1 and week 11. These strains share similar collateral vessel anatomy but exhibit significantly different infarct volume. Results provide insight into molecular mechanisms modulating infarct volume ...
The collaborative cross (CC) is a large panel of mouse-inbred lines derived from eight founder strains (NOD/ShiLtJ, NZO/HILtJ, A/J, C57BL/6J, 129S1/SvImJ,
The C166-GFP cell line was derived from the C166 cell line (ATCC CRL-2581) by transfection with a plasmid reporter vector, pEGFP-N1, encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). The vector was obtained from Clontech, Palo Alto, CA (#6085-1). The C166 cell line was established from cells from F1 embryos obtained by mating a female NMRI/GSF mouse with a male CD-1 mouse that was transgenic for the human fes (fps/fes) proto-oncogene.
Susceptibility to tumor advancement varies among mice strains. is certainly dominant-resistant against NIH [1, 2]. A locus was mapped by examining the Car-R and Car-S crosses [13] also, which were produced by the well balanced intercross of eight inbred strains, including A/J, BALB/C, SJL/J, SWR/J, C57BL/6J, CBA/J, P/J and DBA/2 [9]. had been mapped with […]. ...
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Search for mouse SNPs represented in dbSNP by gene or genome region. Results include selected strains. Filter by dbSNP function class.
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So im interrested as im sure everyone is on how to get dense buds? Is it a strain dependant thing,a light thing or a fertalizer thing lol?I only have...
Learn all about mice, including the many different types of mice, facts about mice, the mouse anatomy, mouse life cycle, mouse identification, and many other mouse facts!