Differentiation of Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina barkeri in anaerobic mesophilic granular sludge by fluorescent in situ hybridization and confocal scanning laser microscopy

A complex network of interacting proteins and enzymes is required for DNA replication. Generally, DNA replication follows a multistep enzymatic pathway. At the DNA replication fork, a DNA helicase (DnaB or MCM complex) precedes the DNA synthetic machinery and unwinds the duplex parental DNA in cooperation with the SSB or RPA. On the leading strand, replication occurs continuously in a 5 to 3 direction, whereas on the lagging strand, DNA replication occurs discontinuously by synthesis and joining of short Okazaki fragments. In prokaryotes, the leading strand replication apparatus consists of a DNA polymerase (pol III core), a sliding clamp (beta), and a clamp loader (gamma delta complex). The DNA primase (DnaG) is needed to form RNA primers. Normally, during replication of the lagging-strand DNA template, an RNA primer is removed either by an RNase H or by the 5 to 3 exonuclease activity of DNA pol I, and the DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments. In eukaryotes, three DNA polymerases (alpha, ...

Microbial interactions have a key role in global geochemical cycles. Although we possess significant knowledge about the general biochemical processes occurring in microbial communities, we are often unable to decipher key functions of individual microorganisms within the environment in part owing to the inability to cultivate or study them in isolation. Here, we circumvent this shortcoming through the use of single-cell genome sequencing and a novel low-input metatranscriptomics protocol to reveal the intricate metabolic capabilities and microbial interactions of an alkane-degrading methanogenic community. This methanogenic consortium oxidizes saturated hydrocarbons under anoxic conditions through a thus-far-uncharacterized biochemical process. The genome sequence of a dominant bacterial member of this community, belonging to the genus Smithella, was sequenced and served as the basis for subsequent analysis through metabolic reconstruction. Metatranscriptomic data generated from less than 500 ...

SWISS-MODEL Repository entry for A0B5K9 (PURP_METTP), 5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-(beta)-D-ribofuranosyl 5-monophosphate synthetase. Methanothrix thermoacetophila (strain DSM 6194 / JCM 14653 / NBRC 101360 /PT) (Methanosaeta thermophila)

Efficiency of feed utilisation is a key economically relevant trait to the beef cattle industry worldwide given that feed typically accounts for the greatest single input cost [24]. Improved feed efficiency is not only linked to increased profitability, but also reduces the environmental burden, with efficient animals producing less nutrient excretion [25] and reduced CH4 emissions [5, 6]. As CH4 is a terminal product of methanogen mediated feed fermentation, recent research has focused on characterising the methanogen population in animals selected for divergent feed efficiency. Studies [17, 26, 27] have identified both a diet effect and a correlation between host feed efficiency and rumen microbial composition. Methanobrevibacter spp. and Methanosphaera sp. are consistently identified as dominant methanogenic archaea in the rumen irrespective of geographical location or dietary feeding regime [17, 27-31]. Rumen methanogens were previously characterised by our group [9] in cattle divergent for ...

Methanogens are prokaryotic microorganisms that produce methane as an end-product of a complex biochemical pathway. They are strictly anaerobic archaea and occupy a wide variety of anoxic environments. Methanogens also thrive in the cytoplasm of anaerobic unicellular eukaryotes and in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans. The symbiotic methanogens in the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants and other methanogenic mammals contribute significantly to the global methane budget. This monograph deals with methanogenic endosymbionts of anaerobic protists, in particular ciliates and termite flagellates, and with methanogens in the gastrointestinal tracts of vertebrates and arthropods. Further reviews discuss the genomic consequences of living together in symbiotic associations, the role of methanogens in syntrophic degradation, and the function and evolution of hydrogenosomes, hydrogen-producing organelles of certain anaerobic protists.

ID D5E931_METMS Unreviewed; 110 AA. AC D5E931; DT 15-JUN-2010, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 15-JUN-2010, sequence version 1. DT 11-DEC-2019, entry version 31. DE RecName: Full=CGGC domain-containing protein {ECO:0000259,SMART:SM01078}; GN OrderedLocusNames=Mmah_0147 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35682.1}; OS Methanohalophilus mahii (strain ATCC 35705 / DSM 5219 / SLP). OC Archaea; Euryarchaeota; Stenosarchaea group; Methanomicrobia; OC Methanosarcinales; Methanosarcinaceae; Methanohalophilus. OX NCBI_TaxID=547558 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35682.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35682.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=ATCC 35705 / DSM 5219 / SLP RC {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059}; RG US DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI-PGF); RA Lucas S., Copeland A., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., RA Bruce D., Goodwin L., Pitluck S., Kyrpides N., Mavromatis K., Ivanova N., RA Lykidis A., Saunders E., ...

ID D5E8R1_METMS Unreviewed; 502 AA. AC D5E8R1; DT 15-JUN-2010, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 15-JUN-2010, sequence version 1. DT 11-DEC-2019, entry version 35. DE SubName: Full=Uncharacterized protein {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35570.1}; DE Flags: Precursor; GN OrderedLocusNames=Mmah_0032 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35570.1}; OS Methanohalophilus mahii (strain ATCC 35705 / DSM 5219 / SLP). OC Archaea; Euryarchaeota; Stenosarchaea group; Methanomicrobia; OC Methanosarcinales; Methanosarcinaceae; Methanohalophilus. OX NCBI_TaxID=547558 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35570.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ADE35570.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=ATCC 35705 / DSM 5219 / SLP RC {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000001059}; RG US DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI-PGF); RA Lucas S., Copeland A., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., RA Bruce D., Goodwin L., Pitluck S., Kyrpides N., Mavromatis K., Ivanova N., RA Lykidis ...

We have evaluated the tumor concentrations of two major cellular FIs, CH2FH4 and FH4, in relation to various pathological features of CRC, the presence of DNA hypermethylation, and to functionally important polymorphisms in methyl-group metabolism genes. Despite the relatively modest sample size (n = 103), strong trends were observed for higher FI levels in tumors from older patients, in tumors originating in the proximal colon, and in those with the MSI+ phenotype (Table 1)⇓ . Similar associations with age, tumor site, and MSI+ have been reported for the CIMP+ CRC subgroup characterized by frequent and cancer-specific hypermethylation of CpG islands (2, 3, 4, 5) . Therefore, it was not surprising to find that higher FI levels were also present in tumors showing frequent methylation of genes classified previously by Toyota et al. (2) as type C, or de novo methylated in cancer (Table 2)⇓ . Methylation at the individual hMLH1, TIMP3, and ARF sites, and to a lesser extent p16 and MINT2 was ...

The global biogas plant market has been segmented geographically into five regions and further into sub-segmented 18 unique country sub-segments. The regional segments are North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. The 18 countries which have been separately addressed in this report are the U.S., Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the U.K., Russia, China, India, Japan, Oceania, Turkey, GCC, South Africa, North Africa, Brazil, and Mexico.On the basis of feedstock type, food & beverages processing residue and agricultural waste dominated the global biogas plant market in 2015. Biogas plant require regular supply of high yield feedstock to produce biogas and make biogas plant operations profitable. Single type or multiple types of feedstock can be fed simultaneously into biogas plant. Increasing greenhouse gases emission has increased the adoption of clean fuel across the globe. Various government incentives and subsidies have encouraged several companies to ...

The global microbial CH4 production is estimated to reach one billion tons annually. Methanogenic archaea produce CH4 in wetlands, rice fields, ruminant and termite digestive systems and have a decisive impact on the planets atmospheric carbon cycle [42]. At the same time, the industrial scale anaerobic digestion of biomass to CH4 plays a vital role in the future global energy mix. All methanogenic archaea capable of CO2 reduction contain the cofactor F420 as an integral part of the methanogenic pathway. In this study, F420 autofluorescence was tested as a universal marker for methanogenic archaea. Genes encoding for F420 biosynthesis enzymes were identified in 653 bacterial and 173 archaeal species [43]. Non-methanogenic but F420 containing microorganisms have reported F420 concentrations of about one fortieth of the concentrations in hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea [19], which is below detection limit of the developed protocol. For the methanogenic archaea, however, the F420 cofactor ...

The population of filamentous acetate-utilizing methanogens in paddy field soils was 2.0×10,SUP,4,/SUP, MPN/g dry soil in the submerged condition. They were able to form colonies in a deep agar medium, but not in a roll tube. Filamentous acetate-utilizing methanogens isolated from Kanagi, Japan (strain K-5) and Tsukuba, Japan (strain T-3) were divided into two types based on length of filaments. One type, strain K-5, formed a short chain which was dispersed easily by weak shaking. The other type, strain T-3, formed a long chain, which formed cotton-like flocs and was not dispersed by weak shaking. They had sheaths composed of a pair of adjacent membranes on the outside of the cell membranes. The 16S rRNA gene similarities of strain T-3 and K-5 to ,I,Methanosaeta concilii,/I, strain Opfikon were 100% and 99.5% respectively. Filamentous acetate-utilizing methanogens were also isolated from paddy field soils in various other regions of Japan. Our results suggest that ,I,Methanosaeta,/I, is ...

The genera Methanospirillum and Methanosaeta contain species of anaerobic archaea that grow and divide within proteinaceous tubular sheaths that protect them from environmental stressors. The sheaths of Methanosaeta thermophila PT are composed of the 60.9 kDa major sheath protein MspA. In this study we show that sheaths purified from Methanospirillum hungatei JF-1 are regularly striated tubular structures with amyloid-like properties similar to those of M. thermophila PT. Depolymerizing the sheaths from M. hungatei JF-1 allowed us to identify a 40.6 kDa protein (WP_011449234.1) that shares 23% sequence similarity to MspA from M. thermophila PT (ABK14853.1), indicating that they might be distant homologs. The genome of M. hungatei JF-1 encodes six homologs of the identified MspA protein. Several homologs also exist in the related strains Methanospirillum stamsii Pt1 (7 homologs, 28-66% sequence identity), M. lacunae Ki8-1 C (15 homologs, 29-60% sequence identity) and Methanolinea tarda NOBI-1 (2 homologs

Biogas plants answer a major search for clean cooking fuel in rural areas of the developing world where there is a dire need for replacing the existing fuel, wood. Biogas plants that use non-dung herbaceous biomass residues such as leaf litter and agro-residues have a large potential and promise for the future. These plants however need to operate on principles different from those of the slurry-based dung fermenters known in the past. In this article the dissemination experience of a brick masonry-based plug-flow-like biomass-based biogas plant is described ...

Biogas Plants Biogas Plants This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Biogas Plants in US$ Million. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, - Market research report and industry analysis - 12399232

Acid crisis characterized by acid accumulation and/or low pH is a common reason for the failure of anaerobic digestion (AD), which is usually applied for wastewater and waste treatment. Acid-tolerant methanogens are rarely reported to be active in the artificial anaerobic digester. In this study, we observed that the thermophilic methanogenesis by a consortium in the form of flocs and not granules could still be recovered during long-term operation at acetate concentration of up to 104 mM and pH 5.5 by adjusting the pH gradually or directly to pH 5.5 or 5.0. The acclimation process involving the gradual decrease in pH could enhance the resistance of the consortium against extreme acidification. The stable isotopic signature analysis of biogas revealed that Methanosarcina, which produced methane through acetoclastic methanogenesis (AM) pathway, was the predominant methane producer when the pH was decreased gradually to 5.0. Meanwhile, the abundance of Coprothermobacter increased with a decrease in pH.

The genus Bacillus comprises spore-forming rod-shaped Gram-positive bacteria, which usually grow aerobically or anaerobically. Members of this genus are common environmental microorganisms. Also, they can be monitored in the food production chain. Genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain EE-W1 will provide helpful information to understand its ecology and genetics. Draft genome data may be useful in the field of using Bacillus species in industrial biotechnology. Also, these data can be a useful resource for the study of comparative genomics. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain EE-W1 isolated from a biogas reactor, Kazan, Russia. The assembled genome size was 5,769,164 bp, with a GC content 35.1%. This draft genome data can be accessed at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession WIPE00000000.

ID A0A0E3PP25_9EURY Unreviewed; 246 AA. AC A0A0E3PP25; DT 24-JUN-2015, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 24-JUN-2015, sequence version 1. DT 25-OCT-2017, entry version 11. DE RecName: Full=Superoxide dismutase {ECO:0000256,RuleBase:RU000414}; DE EC=1.15.1.1 {ECO:0000256,RuleBase:RU000414}; GN ORFNames=MSSAC_2329 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:AKB36919.1}; OS Methanosarcina siciliae C2J. OC Archaea; Euryarchaeota; Methanomicrobia; Methanosarcinales; OC Methanosarcinaceae; Methanosarcina. OX NCBI_TaxID=1434118 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:AKB36919.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000033123}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,EMBL:AKB36919.1, ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000033123} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=C2J {ECO:0000313,EMBL:AKB36919.1, RC ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000033123}; RA Henriksen J.R., Luke J., Reinhart S., Benedict M.N., Youngblut N.D., RA Metcalf M.E., Whitaker R.J., Metcalf W.W.; RT Methanogenic archaea and the global carbon cycle.; RL Submitted (JUL-2014) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. ...

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Mec niques Segal s S.L we have specialised in slurry, digestates for biogas plants, the recovery of by-products and the contents of containers of swine liquid feed.

Organic Wastes Utilization Turns Into Energy - Biogas Plant With Ad Technology - Buy Wastes Utilization,Waste Energy,Biogas Plant Product on Alibaba.com

Biogas plants produce nutrient rich digestates as side products, which are usually used as local fertilisers. Yet the large amount and regional gradients of biogas plants in Germany necessitate management, conditioning, and transportation of digestates, in order to follow good fertilising procedure and prohibit local over-fertilisation. With a membrane-based treatment chain, i.e. centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis, digestates can be separated into a solid N,P-fertiliser, a liquid N,K-fertiliser, and dischargeable water. Up to now, the high energy demand of the process chain, in particular the ultrafiltration step, limits the economical market launch of the treatment chain. A reduction of the energy demand is challenging, as digestates exhibit a high fouling potential and ultrafiltration fluxes differ considerably for digestates from different biogas plants. In a systematic screening of 28 digestate samples from agricultural biogas plants and 6 samples from bio-waste biogas ...

Process monitoring in biogas plants Bernhard Drosg Technical Brochure written by: Bernhard Drosg Copyright 2013 IEA Bioenergy. All rights reserved. First electronic edition produced in 2013 A catalogue

This study aimed to analyse the effect of sudden temperature increases (in the range of 45-65 °C) on the performance and the microbial community structure of a hybrid anaerobic reactor. The reactor recovered with time after every temperature shock up to the operating temperature of 55 °C. At 55 °C, a 10 °C shock resulting in an operating temperature of 65 °C, deteriorated the reactors performance. At this condition, both, the diversity and the relative abundance of methanogenic groups, especially of Methanosaetaceae, were significantly affected as observed by DGGE fingerprinting and quantitative PCR. In contrast, at lower temperatures (i.e., 45 and 55 °C), thermal shocks seemed to have less effect due to the presence and maintenance of thermophilic strains, which prevented system deterioration. At 65 °C, the absence of any acetoclastic methanogen is assumed to be the cause of system failure.

CiteSeerX - Scientific documents that cite the following paper: Effect of temperature on carbon and electron flow and on the archaeal community in methanogenic rice field soil

The biogas production in Sweden year 2014 was 1,8 TWh where almost 1 TWh was upgraded to biomethane for use in vehicles. The production of biomethane is mainly located at the biogas plants that have a production over 200-400 Nm3/h. This is mainly due to the fact that the investment and operating costs becomes too high for the small producers with low biogas flows. The government of Sweden has a highly ambitious goal of having a vehicle fleet that runs on at least 80 % renewable fuels in the year 2030. To reach that goal even the small biogas producers needs to start upgrading their gas to be able to replace fossil fuels with renewable biomethane.. The aim of this master thesis has been to supply enough information to Norrmejerier about whether or not to upgrade the biogas by summarizing relevant research papers and calculate energy flows and costs for each upgrading technology.The limitation of the thesis has been that the production of biogas with different incoming substrates have been ...

The enzyme isolated from the methanogenic archaea Methanogenium liminatans catalyzes the reversible oxidation of various secondary and cyclic alcohols to the corresponding ketones ...

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Schlüter, A., Bekel, T., Diaz, N.N., Dondrup, M., Eichenlaub, R., Gartemann, K.-H., Krahn, I., Krause, L., Kroemeke, H., Kruse, O., Mussgnug, J.H., Neuweger, H., Niehaus, K., Pühler, A., Runte, K.J., Szczepanowski, R., Tauch, A., Tilker, A., Viehöver, P., Goesmann, A.: The metagenome of a biogas-producing microbial community of a production-scale biogas plant fermenter analysed by the 454-pyrosequencing technology. Journal of Biotechnology. 136, 77-90 (2008 ...

One of biggest problems in countries across the world, is effectively disposing of waste. Putzmeister piston pumps are used on a massive scale in biogas plants to pump bulky, wet & pasty material.

Aarsleff has unexpectedly lost arbitration proceedings from 2015 regarding the construction of a biogas plant, resulting in a negative effect on EBIT of approx. DKK 72 million. In addition, there will be litigation interest of DKK 16 million. The companys other operations are progressing in line with expectations. As a consequence of the arbitration award, the full-year expectations for the 2018/19 EBIT results are adjusted downwards to DKK 460 million.. ...

ENSPAR Biogas - Ihr Partner für die Energie der Zukunft. ENSPAR ist ein inhabergeführtes, international tätiges Unternehmen mit Sitz im nordrhein-westfälischen Bad Wünnenberg.

Himark BioGas Inc. is a leading Waste-to-Energy technology and engineering services company. Himark has over 13 years of in-depth experience and operational know-how in bioengineer

Unison Solutions, Inc. offers maintenance services for all of the equipment and systems we sell. Whether itís as straightforward as biogas testing and evaluation or as technical as a generator rebuild, Unison has the experience and expertise to meet your needs.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment of anaerobic digesters (ADs) without hydrogen addition has been demonstrated to provide a potential solution to manage CO2 streams generated in the water and organic waste sectors, with concomitant increases in methane (CH4) production. This study investigates the CO2 utilization mechanisms, by considering chemical and biological pathways in food waste and sewage sludge ADs. Methanosaetaceae was observed to be the dominant methanogen in sewage sludge ADs (Abundance of 83.8-98.8%) but scarce in food waste units (3.5-5.8%). Methanosarcinaceae was dominant in food waste (14.3-32.4%), likely due to a higher tolerance to the free ammonia nitrogen concentration recorded (885 mg L−1). RMethanosaetaceae (ratio of Methanosaetaceae fluorescence signal between test and control) of 1.45 and 1.79 were observed for sludge ADs enriched once and periodically with CO2, respectively (p-value | .05), suggesting a higher Methanosaetaceae activity associated with CO2 enrichment. Reduction

TY - JOUR. T1 - Colonization of rice roots with methanogenic archaea controls photosynthesis-derived methane emission. AU - Pump, Judith. AU - Pratscher, Jennifer. AU - Conrad, Ralf. PY - 2015/7. Y1 - 2015/7. N2 - The methane emitted from rice fields originates to a large part (up to 60%) from plant photosynthesis and is formed on the rice roots by methanogenic archaea. To investigate to which extent root colonization controls methane (CH4) emission, we pulse-labeled rice microcosms with 13CO2 to determine the rates of 13CH4 emission exclusively derived from photosynthates. We also measured emission of total CH4 (12+13CH4), which was largely produced in the soil. The total abundances of archaea and methanogens on the roots and in the soil were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene and the mcrA gene coding for a subunit of the methyl coenzyme M reductase respectively. The composition of archaeal and methanogenic communities was determined with terminal ...

Protozoa-associated methanogens (PAM) are considered one of the most active communities in the rumen methanogenesis. This experiment investigated whether methanogens are sequestrated within rumen protozoa, and structural differences between rumen free-living methanogens and PAM. Rumen protozoa were harvested from totally faunated sheep, and six protozoal fractions (plus free-living microorganisms) were generated by sequential filtration. Holotrich-monofaunated sheep were also used to investigate the holotrich-associated methanogens. Protozoal size determined the number of PAM as big protozoa had 1.7,br,3.3 times more methanogen DNA than smaller protozoa, but also more endosymbiotic bacteria (2.2- to 3.5-fold times). Thus, similar abundance of methanogens with respect to total bacteria were observed across all protozoal fractions and free-living microorganisms, suggesting that methanogens are not accumulated within rumen protozoa in a greater proportion to that observed in the rumen as a whole. ...

TANZANIA Tanga, Katani Ltd. Biogas Plant in Hale, the remaining fibres and pulp from sisal production is used for fermentation to produce biogas / TANSANIA Tanga, Katani Biogasanlage, aus den resten der Sisal Produktion wird Biogas gewonnen

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effects of triclosan, diclofenac, and nonylphenol on mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic activity and on the methanogenic communities. AU - Symsaris, Evangelos C.. AU - Fotidis, Ioannis. AU - Stasinakis, Athanasios S.. AU - Angelidaki, Irini. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - In this study, a toxicity assay using a mesophilic wastewater treatment plant sludge-based (SI) and a thermophilic manure-based inoculum (MI), under different biomass concentrations was performed to define the effects of diclofenac (DCF), triclosan (TCS), and nonylphenol (NP) on anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Additionally, the influence of DCF, TCS, and NP on the relative abundance of the methanogenic populations was investigated. Results obtained demonstrated that, in terms of methane production, SI inoculum was more resistant to the toxicity effect of DCF, TCS, and NP, compared to the MI inoculum. The IC50 values were 546, 35, and 363mgL-1 for SI inoculum and 481, 32, and 74mgL-1 for MI inoculum for DCF, ...

The flammable gas methane is the product of the energy-generating metabolism of the methanogenic Archaea. Most of the methanogenesis on earth occurs in anaerobic habitats where intermediates in the breakdown of organic matter are converted to methane. You can observe the accumulation of methane in sediments in the Volta experiment. Some methanogenesis on earth today (and perhaps most of it on the ancient earth) occurs in geothermal habitats such as hydrothermal vents. In the diagram of methanogenesis below, the pathway with hydrogen and carbon dioxide or with formate is shown. In hydrogenotrophic methanogens, no electron transport chain is present. Energy is conserved by sodium ion export to generate a chemiosmotic membrane potential. In addition, energy coupling occurs by electron bifurcation, making the pathway cyclical. In addition to electron equivalents needed for methanogenesis, an anaplerotic supply electrons is necessary ...

About EnrgySURE Eco Solutions Private Limited, Retailer, Exporters, Suppliers, Service Providers of Domestic Biogas Plant, biomass pellet stove, Small Biomass Gasifier from Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.

Anaerobic digestion trials can improve biogas plant performance. See our case study, making changes from feedstock mix to digestate processing equipment.

Methane is a key intermediate in the carbon cycle and biologically produced by methanogenic archaea. Most methanogens are able to conserve energy by reducing CO2 to methane using molecular hydrogen as electron

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Press release - Global Market Insights, Inc. - Europe Biogas Market Key participants in Europe biogas market includes EnviTech, Schmack, IES Biogas, Agrinz Technologies, Agraferm Technologies AG, BDI- Bioenergy International, Weltec, BTS-biogas - published on openPR.com

A. An assembly for consultation, a council (in concreto; on the contrary consilium signifies the counsel in abstracto that is taken in such an assembly. The meanings, however, often pass over to each other; hence in MSS. and edd. a freq. confusion of the two words; cf. consilium), Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.; cf. id. ib. 7, 1: (opiniones), quae in senatu, quae apud populum, quae in omni coetu concilioque proferendae sunt, Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 77: inire, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 33: habere, id. Mil. 3, 1, 3: convocare, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 10; 3, 3: vocare, Verg. A. 10, 2: cogere, id. ib. 11, 304: dimittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 33 al.; Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31 al.: transferre Lutetiam, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: in posterum diem differre, Curt. 6, 11, 9: dare legatis, Liv. 43, 17, 7: indicere, id. 1, 50, 4: constituere diem concilio, Caes. B. G. 1, 30: Messene ab Achaeis, quod concilii eorum recusaret esse, oppugnari coepta est, i. e. a member of the Achaian league, Liv. 36, 31, 1: concilio ...

The Register of Deeds is another type of land record. In the strictest sense of the word, the register of deeds was used to preserve any legal, written agreement. In addition to land transactions, you will find marriage contracts, contracts of partnership, contracts of sale, bonds, and so forth. If a land transaction was recorded with a deed, you should also find a reference to the transaction in Sasine records. Before 1532, deeds are scattered through the Notarial Protocol books. In 1532 when the Court of Session was established, the deeds were recorded in the session and the register was called Acta Dominorum Concilii et Sessionis. In 1542 it was changed to the Acts and Decreets, which covers up to the year 1581. The National Archives of Scotland (NAS) holds the actual Register of Deeds cataloged under RD which stands for Register of deeds. RD1 begins in 1554, but deed transactions were not regularly recorded until 1661. The 1554 register was kept in three series: ...

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Consider the following reaction scheme:. \(\ce{As + Cl2 -, X}\). \(\ce{X + CH3MgBr -, Y}\). \(\ce{X} \overbrace{\ce{-,}}^{\text{reduction with }\ce{LiAlH4}} \ce{Z} \). ...

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Before they got married, Presbyterian missionaries Aaron and Rachel Halbert knew they wanted to adopt a black child. In an article written for The Washington Post, Aaron explains how he and Rachel not only had difficulty conceiving naturally, but they also came to understand that white children are more likely to be adopted. They felt a calling to provide a home for a...