TY - JOUR. T1 - Neural substrates of implicit cueing effect on prospective memory. AU - Hashimoto, Teruo. AU - Umeda, Satoshi. AU - Kojima, Shozo. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research ( 21830174 to T.H.) and the Global Center Of Excellence Program (Keio University).. PY - 2011/1/1. Y1 - 2011/1/1. N2 - Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the maintenance of intentions during an ongoing task involving implicit cues. Participants were required to detect target words while engaging in the ongoing task. Cues matched to the target category and cues matched to the action for targets were presented implicitly during the ongoing task. Implicit categorical target cues were found to enhance prospective memory performance, and implicit action cues accelerated responses more than irrelevant implicit cues in the prospective memory task. We found increased caudal anterior cingulate cortex (cACC) activity during the ongoing task with both ...

Prospective memory is a form of memory that involves remembering to perform a planned action or recall a planned intention at some future point in time. Prospective memory tasks are common in daily life and range from the relatively simple to extreme life-or-death situations. Examples of simple tasks include remembering to put the toothpaste cap back on, remembering to reply to an email, or remembering to return a rented movie. Examples of highly important situations include a patient remembering to take medication or a pilot remembering to perform specific safety procedures during a flight. In contrast to prospective memory, retrospective memory involves remembering people, events, or words that have been encountered in the past. Whereas retrospective memory requires only the recall of past events, prospective memory requires the exercise of retrospective memory at a time that has not yet occurred. Prospective memory is thus considered a form of memory for the future. Retrospective memory ...

Episodic memory is a core feature of Alzheimers disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Impaired episodic memory in AD results from the dysfunction of an integrated network and involves both gray and white matter pathologies. We explored the neural correlates of episodic memory in AD, MCI and healthy aging by correlating a measure of episodic memory with hippocampal volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of the cingulum and fornix. Episodic memory was associated with hippocampal volume and MD of the cingulum and fornix. In contrast, there were fewer significant associations between episodic memory and FA. These findings support a relationship between episodic memory and hippocampal circuitry, and suggest that MD is a more sensitive marker of decreased white matter integrity in the study of AD and MCI than FA. Furthermore, MD was significantly associated with hippocampal volume, indicating that white matter pathology is not completely independent of gray matter

Results In growth curve models adjusted for age, sex, education, race, depressive symptoms and waist circumference, higher HbA1c levels and having diabetes were associated with poorer baseline episodic memory (p=0.036 and ,0.001, respectively) and greater episodic memory decline (p=0.006 and 0.004, respectively). The effect of HbA1c on episodic memory decline was smaller than the effect of age. The results were stronger for women than men and were not modified by age or race. When the main analyses were estimated for those with and without diabetes separately, HbA1c was significantly linked to change in episodic memory only among those with diabetes. ...

Episodic memory exercises such as reminiscing and storytelling have been shown to provide therapeutic benefits for older adults by prolonging their ability to lead an independent lifestyle. In this paper, we describe a mobile reminiscence tool called Memory Karaoke, which facilitates episodic memory exercise through contextualized storytelling of meaningful experiences by using contextual cues such as location, time, and photos. We present results from two studies we conducted with Memory Karaoke to explore which contextual cues contribute to best exercising a persons episodic memory. Our findings suggest that while viewing photos do exercise episodic memory to some extent, additional contextual cues (e.g. location and time) can solicit a greater amount of episodic memory exercise. This suggests that Memory Karaokes selective capture process and its ability to contextualize memories while users retell stories are two effective features which help it to support episodic memory use. These ...

Sleep has been shown to facilitate the consolidation of prospective memory, which is the ability to execute intended actions at the appropriate time in the future. In a previous study, the sleep benefit for prospective memory was mainly expressed as a preservation of prospective memory performance under divided attention as compared to full attention. Based on evidence that intentions are only remembered as long as they have not been executed yet (cf. Zeigarnik effect), here we asked whether the enhancement of prospective memory by sleep vanishes if the intention is completed before sleep and whether completed intentions can be reinstated to benefit from sleep again. In Experiment 1, subjects learned cue-associate word pairs in the evening and were prospectively instructed to detect the cue words and to type in the associates in a lexical decision task (serving as ongoing task) two hours later before a night of sleep or wakefulness. At a second surprise test two days later, sleep and wake subjects did

Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to act on intentions (for example, to bake) at an appropriate time or event in the future (in 20 minutes or as the bread turns golden brown; Ceci & Bronfenbrenner 1985, Ellis & Kvavilashvili 2000). Intentions that are performed at once and kept in focus of attention, such as stirring constantly in the saucepan, do not load on PM, nor does memory for the past, such as what you bought yesterday. However, the intention has to be stored in a permanent memory during the delay preceding acting on the intention (Graf & Uttl 2001). As PM is directed to the future, other actions that are referred to as ongoing tasks are performed during the delay between forming the intention, for example to bake, and performing the intended action, i.e. to take the bread out of the oven. PM is typically an important aspect of everyday cognition.. Previous results indicate severe limitations in PM function in individuals with intellectual disability (Levén, Lyxell, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The Synergistic Impact of Excessive Alcohol Drinking and Cigarette Smoking upon Prospective Memory. AU - Marshall, Anna-Marie. AU - Heffernan, Tom. AU - Hamilton, Colin. PY - 2016/4/27. Y1 - 2016/4/27. N2 - The independent use of excessive amounts of alcohol or persistent cigarette smoking have been found to have a deleterious impact upon Prospective Memory (PM: remembering future intentions and activities), although to date, the effect of their concurrent use upon PM is yet to be explored. The present study investigated the impact of the concurrent use of drinking excessive amounts of alcohol and smoking cigarettes (a Polydrug group) in comparison to the combined effect of the single use of these substances upon PM. The study adopted a single factorial independent groups design. The Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT) is a test of both time-based and event-based PM and was used here to measure PM. The CAMPROMPT was administered to 125 adults; an excessive alcohol ...

Objectives: To reveal distinct longitudinal trajectories in episodic memory over 15 years and to identify demographic, lifestyle, health-related, and genetic predictors of stability or decline. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: The Betula Project, Umeå, Sweden. Participants: One thousand nine hundred fifty-four healthy participants aged 35 to 85 at baseline. Measurements: Memory was assessed according to validated episodic memory tasks in participants from a large population-based sample. Data were analyzed using a random-effects pattern-mixture model that considered the effect of attrition over two to four longitudinal sessions. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of stability or decline relative to average change in episodic memory. Results: Of 1,558 participants with two or more test sessions, 18% were classified as maintainers and 13% as decliners, and 68% showed age-typical average change. More educated and more physically active participants, women, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Retrieval cue and delay interval influence the relationship between prospective memory and activities of daily living in older adults. AU - Tierney, S.M.. AU - Bucks, Romola S.. AU - Weinborn, Michael. AU - Hodgson, Erica R.. AU - Woods, Steven P.. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - © 2016 Taylor & Francis. Objective: Older adults commonly experience mild declines in everyday functioning and the strategic aspects of prospective memory (PM). This study used multiprocess theory to examine whether the strategic demands of retrieval cue type (event vs.Time based) and delay interval length (2 vs. 15 min) influence the relationship between PM and activities of daily living (ADLs) in older adults. Method: Participants included 97 community-dwelling older adults recruited from the Western Australia Participant Pool. Participants were administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) and Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) as part of a larger neurocognitive ...

Introduction The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the main genetic risk factor for Alzheimers disease (AD), accelerated cognitive aging, and hippocampal atrophy, but its influence on the association between hippocampus atrophy and episodic‐memory decline in non‐demented individuals remains unclear. Methods We analyzed longitudinal (two to six observations) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived hippocampal volumes and episodic memory from 748 individuals (55 to 90 years at baseline, 50% female) from the European Lifebrain consortium. Results The change‐change association for hippocampal volume and memory was significant only in ε4 carriers (N = 173, r = 0.21, P = .007; non‐carriers: N = 467, r = 0.073, P = .117). The linear relationship was significantly steeper for the carriers [t(629) = 2.4, P = .013]. A similar trend toward a stronger change‐change relation for carriers was seen in a subsample with more than two assessments. Discussion These findings provide evidence for a ...

INTRODUCTION: Forming an intention is a key aspect of prospective memory, i.e., the ability to encode, retain, and later realize an intention with a delay of minutes, hours or days. Behavioural and neurophysiological findings from both prospective and retrospective memory research suggest that the efficiency of encoding processes is reduced at both ends of the lifespan and that neural generators underlying successful encoding might differ in childhood and old age. Hence, the present study investigates compensational neural mechanisms during the encoding of intentions in adolescents and old adults compared to young adults. METHODS: We compared Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and their source localization in 14 adolescents (11-13 years), 14 young adults (18-25 years), and 14 old adults (64-79 years) in a prospective memory task that was embedded in a semantic categorization task. RESULTS: Our data revealed three event-related modulations that differentiate between conditions (i.e., ongoing ...

PICALM, BIN1, CLU, and APOE are top candidate genes for Alzheimers disease, and they influence episodic memory performance in old age. Physical activity, however, has been shown to protect against age-related decline and counteract genetic influences on cognition. The aims of this study were to assess whether (a) a genetic risk constellation of PICALM, BIN1, and CLU polymorphisms influences cognitive performance in old age; and (b) if physical activity moderates this effect. Data from the SNAC-K population-based study were used, including 2,480 individuals (age range = 60 to 100 years) free of dementia at baseline and at 3- to 6-year follow-ups. Tasks assessing episodic memory, perceptual speed, knowledge, and verbal fluency were administered. Physical activity was measured using self-reports. Individuals who had engaged in frequent health-or fitness-enhancing activities within the past year were compared with those who were inactive. Genetic risk scores were computed based on an integration of ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Parkinsons Disease (PD) affects at least 1.5 million people in the United States alone. One of the most severe non-motor symptoms of PD is cognitive dysfunction involving reduced processing speed/working memory, and/or episodic memory. Relative to other neurodegenerative disorders with cognitive impairment, we know little about the neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive decline in PD. In preliminary work, we have examined brain connectivity associated with cognition in a group of idiopathic non-dementia PD relative to non- PD age-matched peers. Three distinct cognitive phenotypes were observed: a) slow information processing speed with preserved episodic memory, b) episodic memory difficulty with subtle slow information processing speed; and c) normal functioning with no deficits relative to age matched peers. Preliminary results of high angular resolution diffusion imaging suggest unique white matter and gray matter profiles: PD with episodic memory ...

This research focuses on linking episodic memory function to the cellular physiology of hippocampal neurons, with a particular emphasis on modulatory effects at cholinergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptors. Drugs which block acetylcholine receptors (e.g., scopolamine) have been shown to impai …

Episodic memory receives and stores information about temporally dated episodes or events, and temporal-spatial relations among these events

Read Functional dedifferentiation and reduced task-related deactivations underlie the age-related decline of prospective memory, Brain Imaging and Behavior on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

In: Kliegel, Matthias; McDaniel, Mark A. and Einstein, Gilles O. eds. Prospective Memory: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Developmental, and Applied Perspectives. UK: Erlbaum, pp. 115-140. ...

The task is a highly time-efficient event-related fMRI paradigm that has been designed specifically to probe both cognitive flexibility and stability (Fig. 1A; cf. Armbruster et al., 2012): in 80% of the trials, subjects have to indicate by button press whether a digit between 1 and 9 (excluding 5) appearing above the central fixation cross is odd or even (parity judgment; ongoing task; total of 240 trials). In 20% of the trials, a second digit appears below the fixation cross, and subjects are instructed to answer to the brighter of the two digits. If this is the upper digit, they have to ignore the lower digit and continue responding to the upper digit according to the odd/even rule (distractor inhibition condition, assessing cognitive stability; total of 20 trials). However, if the lower digit is brighter, subjects are instructed to switch to this lower digit and to perform a magnitude judgment, i.e., decide whether it is greater or smaller than 5 (task switch condition, assessing cognitive ...

No. Backup is an on-going task and is meant to back your data up continuously. If you wish, you can trigger it for immediate execution and then disable or de...

Update released June 10, 2004: The Escherichia coli K-12 strain MG1655 sequence and annotations have been updated; see this announcement for further information. In addition, an Excel spreadsheet is available which summarizes the MG1655 update in terms of nucleotide sequence corrections and the consequent protein sequence changes.. Contribute to annotation updates!. A wealth of new information has become available recently for the annotation of Escherichia coli K-12 strain MG1655. Annotation of the genome is an ongoing task that benefits from the work of all end-users of the sequence. To this end, we have adopted the ASAP relational database as the venue for maintaining and updating the annotations, as well as enabling community input towards that goal. Please note that while you are invited to become a registered annotator and contribute to the information within ASAP, there is no requirement to register in order to view the current MG1655 annotations -- simply log on as a guest. Furthermore, ...

Davies G; Armstrong N; Bis JC; Bressler J; Chouraki V; Giddaluru S; Hofer E; Ibrahim-Verbaas CA; Kirin M; Lahti J, 2015, Genetic contributions to variation in general cognitive function: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in the CHARGE consortium (N=53 949), Molecular Psychiatry, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2014.188. Henry JD; Cowan DG; Lee T; Sachdev PS, 2015, Recent trends in testing social cognition, Current Opinion in Psychiatry, vol. 28, pp. 133 - 140, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000139. Henry JD; Cowan DG; Lee T; Sachdev PS, 2015, Recent trends in testing social cognition., Curr Opin Psychiatry, vol. 28, pp. 133 - 140, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000139. Lazarus J; Mather KA; Armstrong NJ; Song F; Poljak A; Thalamuthu A; Lee T; Kochan NA; Brodaty H; Wright MJ, 2015, DNA methylation in the apolipoprotein-A1 gene is associated with episodic memory performance in healthy older individuals, Journal of Alzheimers Disease, vol. 44, pp. 175 - 182, ...

We propose that recent-born individuals have adopted an approach to analogy that enables them to infer higher-level relations requiring roles that are not intrinsic to the objects that constitute initial representations of items. This proposal is translated into item-specific predictions about differences between cohorts in pass rates and item-response patterns on the Ravens Matrices, a seemingly culture-free test that registers the largest Flynn effect. Consistent with predictions, archival data reveal that individuals born around 1940 are less able to map objects at higher levels of relational abstraction than individuals born around 1990. ...

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Dr. Friedmans research interest lies in analyzing ERPs and performance measures to investigate the neurocognitive processes underlying everyday functions, such as memory encoding and retrieval and executive control. His approach bases on a lifespan data collection (children, adolescents, young and older adults). This method will aims to understand how these processes change throughout the life span in health and disease, and in elucidating their neural underpinnings.. ...

We assessed whether changes in spectral power were significant across participants for a given ROI or spherical voxel using a nonparametric permutation procedure. We calculated a t statistic on the distribution of log-power values during successful and unsuccessful encoding for both theta and gamma frequencies during a single temporal epoch for every electrode and from each participant. We then permuted the labels for the conditions N times (N = 2000 for spherical voxels and N = 20,000 for ROIs) to generate a distribution of N shuffled t statistics. We averaged the true and permuted t statistics across all electrodes within each ROI and within each spherical voxel for each participant. For each region, we then summed the true and permuted averaged values across all participants (Sederberg et al., 2003, 2007a,b). To generate a p value for changes in spectral power for a given region, we determined the position of the summed true t statistics in the distribution of summed permuted values. Given ...

PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Introduction to event-based analysis Event-based analysis, as its name suggests, focuses on analysis of specific events that occur on the monitored

Stand-Alone Time-Based Stock Option Award Agreement from Flotek Industries, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This is very generalized, but essentially I have a tool that wears during its lifetime. Multiple channels of data are recorded throughout the tools lifetime (coolant temperature, rotational speed, calculated load, etc...) at regular intervals (>1Hz). When the tool is retired, we have a file with millions of data points per channel that span the tools entire lifetime. At this point, the wear of the tool is measured (difference in diameter compared to when it was new). My task is to take the time-based data over the tools lifetime and use it to create a grading scale that would correspond to the amount of wear the tool sees graded by each of these channels. The end result would be to find the degree to which each variable contributes to the overall tool wear (is it spinning it fast, high operating temperatures, low load, or a combination?). ...

I am having a surprising amount of difficulty identifying a tool that meets these criteria. Exon-based tools like DEXSeq, diffSplice, or JunctionSeq can be used to analyze more than two groups, but cannot readily distinguish between different types of AS events. Conversely, among the event-based tools I have investigated, two (MISO and VAST-TOOLS) do not seem to be available for rat, one (rMATS) seems to only handle two-group comparisons, and one (MAJIQ) returns very complex events that I am having quite a lot of difficulty mapping to protein sequences.. Is there a method I am not aware of that could be used to identify alternative splicing events in rat in an experiment with three conditions?. Thanks in advance for your help.. ...

Configuring Time−Based Access Lists To configure time−based access lists, perform the following steps: 1.Use the time−range name command to define the name of the timed access list. Issuing this command ...

聲響的採集與收錄，可比擬為永生花的製作過程，在鮮花盛放時摘取，凋零前固色、塑型，盡可能保存貼近於自然且真實的樣貌。當人們經由聽覺感知(auditory perception perceive)與特定的情節記憶(episodic memory)產生聯覺共鳴時，便會下意識的將聲響重新模擬成相似的視覺圖像，此時生命個體便能從廣大的時光莊園中汲取養分，生長為無與倫比的「永聲花」，為特定故事毅然綻放。. 聲音的傳遞與接收，在物理上本受限於空間與距離的邊界範圍之中，伴隨著聲波能量的遞減而逐漸削弱至無。自十九世紀中葉開始，適逢第一次工業革命(Industrial ...

Praktiline GARDENA käsitööriistade komplekt sisaldab kõike esmavajalikku, mida on tarvis sinu aias, rõdul või terrassil. Komplekt sisaldab praktilist kopsikut istutamiseks või kastmiseks, kühvlit, oksakääre ja istutuskindaid.

The National Womens Leadership Forum is a 3-day interactive program that fosters discussions with women presidents and executive search consultants who help participants develop effective search strategies. The program is conducted 2 times during the year: June and December.. ...

When I received the very first notification regarding the Chainbreaker ride, I immediately deleted it, thinking this would never interest me, nor would it be anything I would ever consider doing for a number of reasons.. When I saw that Dr. Cheng, who I am fortunate enough to administratively support in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Minnesota, was our department champion for Chainbreaker, I realized I wanted to help somehow, even if it was just volunteering on the day of the Chainbreaker ride. ...

Everyone is welcome to a fun and accessible, COVID - proof interactive workshop that introduces the free, online game-making tool, Bitsy. Bitsy is an accessible tool that enables you to make small pixel-art adventure/narrative games in a short amount of…. ...

The Social Prescribing Research Network runs a range of events to disseminate and promote research for better health care and wellbeing with the wider healthcare community.

Imagine condensing hours, days and even years of complex research into a short presentation while being judged by an expert panel and lecture theatre full of your peers and strangers. An 80,000 word thesis would take 9 hours to ...

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Imagine sinking in to a bath of soothing sounds that take you on an inner journey of relaxation and transformation. By using frequency and entrainment, a sound bath facilitates a shift in brainwaves from our normal waking state to alpha and theta states that are akin to meditation-where true somatic healing can occur.. Find out more » ...

Zane Yorks Stewards will contemplate our longing as humans to relate to the beasts and bugs and to share some form of experience with them, or, at the very least, feel like we have. At times, this desire...More ». ...

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Thank you to everyone who attended our grad-undergrad student mixer on the 10th and to SOBGS for making this collaboration possible! The food and conversation were both a big hit and we had a great mix of grad and undergrad students. All photo credits: Yesh Rai. Design credits: Mathew Gene ...

This event is actually a recurrance of another event in our database. You can view information about the parent event by clicking on the link below ...

This event is actually a recurrance of another event in our database. You can view information about the parent event by clicking on the link below ...

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