TY - JOUR. T1 - Measuring the solubility of benzoic acid in room temperature ionic liquids using chronoamperometric techniques. AU - He, W.. AU - Silvester, D.S.. AU - Streeter, I.. AU - Aldous, Leigh. AU - Hardacre, Christopher. AU - Compton, R.G.. PY - 2009/1. Y1 - 2009/1. N2 - The electrochemical reduction of benzoic acid (BZA) has been studied at platinum micro-electrodes (10 and 2 mu m diameters) in acetonitrile (MeCN) and six room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs): [C(2)mim][NTf2], [C(4)min][NTf2], [C(4)mpyrr][NTf2], [C(4)mim][BF4], [C(4)mim][NO3] and [C(4)mim][PF6] (where [C(n)mim](+)=1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium, [NTf2](-)=bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, [C(4)mpyrr](+)=N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium, [BF4](-)=tetrafluoroborate, [NO3](-)=nitrate and [PF6] = hexafluorophosphate). Based on the theoretical fitting to experimental chronoamperometric transients in [C4mpyrr][NTf2] and MeCN at several concentrations and on different size electrodes, it is suggested that a fast chemical step ...

Chlorophenols are a group of chemicals in which chlorines (between one and five) have been added to phenol.� Phenol is an aromatic compound derived from benzene, the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, by adding a hydroxy group to a carbon� to replace a hydrogen.� There are five basic types of chlorophenols:� mono[one]chlorophenols, di[two]chlorophenols, tri[three]chlorophenols, tetra[four]chlorophenols, and penta[five]chlorophenols.� In all, there are 19 different chlorophenols.� Eight are discussed in this document:� 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol.� Pentachlorophenol is discussed in another document.

2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (2-MPA), 2-methyl-4-chlorophenxyacetic acid (MCPA) and 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA) were imprinted to investigate the cross-selectivities of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The result indicates that 2-MPA, which is similar in shape, size and functionality with phenoxyacetic herbicides, are suitable to be used as a suitable template to prepare the MIPs for retaining phenoxyacetic herbicides. To study the ion-pair interactions between template molecules and functional monomer 4-vinylpiridine (4-VP), computational molecular modeling was employed. The data indicate that the cross-selectivities of MIPs for phenoxyacetic acid herbicides depend on the binding energies of complexes.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a toxic contaminant frequently formed during the synthesis of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, was shown to be a potent inducer of hepatic δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in the chick embryo. As little as 4.66 x 10-12 mole of the contaminant per egg produces a significant increase in the activity of the enzyme. Induction of the enzyme is related to the dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and, in contrast to that produced with other drugs, is prolonged in time, with 70 percent of the maximum induced activity present 5 days after a single dose. This contaminant is implicated as the likely causative agent in an outbreak of porphyria cutanea tarda in workers in a factory where 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid was being synthesized. ...

Vietnam and Agent Orange Facts. Demand for military Agent Orange resulted in higher levels of dioxin contamination than in the 2,4,5-T produced for civilian applications in the U.S. As noted in the above chart.. The U.S. Air Force military operation Ranch Hand began spraying Agent Orange on areas of South Vietnam in August 1965 (though it was used prior to this date).. The US Air Force Herb Tapes accounted for just over 8 million gallons of the herbicides used in South Vietnam.. 18 million gallons of Agent Orange were reported to have been used in South Vietnam.. Agent Orange caused Vietnamese farmers to lose about 70% of their crops. (One of the goals for using herbicides was to deprive the enemy of food).. 6,250+ square miles of South Vietnam can not be farmed because of defoliation. This is still true more than 30 years later.. A C-123 (Provider) could dump 11,000 lbs. of Agent Orange over 300 acres in four minutes.. Brief History of Agent Orange. In the early years of WWII, a grant was ...

Metabolic Response of Activated Sludge to Sodium Pentachlorophenol J. A. HEIDMAN, Graduate Assistant D. F. KINCANNON, Assistant Professor A. F. GAUDY, JR., Professor School of Civil Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma INTRODUCTION The many industrial uses for chlorinated hydrocarbons have resulted in an increasing demand for utilization of these materials, and as a result, the possibility of their occurrence in waste streams has increased. Sodium pentachlorophenol is a compound of particular interest, since it has such a wide range of industrial application. It has been successfully employed as an additive for the prevention of the swelling of wood, cork powder, and organic fiber, as a slime-preventing agent in paper making processes, as a biocide in cooling water systems, as a fungicide for textile, wood products, leather and asbestos fiber boards, and as a hide preservative, among other industrial applications. However, there is very little information available ...

Article Transcriptional profiling of the soil invertebrate (Folsomia candida) in pentachlorophenol contaminated soil. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) as a widely used pesticide is also considered to be an endocrine disruptor. Molecular effects of chemicals w...

The depletion of petroleum reserves and the high level of pollution caused by fossil fuels have led to enhancing renewable energy and fuel production from biomass. Eucalyptus globulus and Nothofagus pumilio residues could constitute an interesting source of biomass for second generation biofuel production. Lenga residues were pretreated with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-N-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C2mimCl), followed by subsequent fermentation using both the strategy of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) as well as Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF). The SHF process yielded 0.134 g ethanol/g glucose (26.3 wt-% of the theoretical yield) compared to the SSF process which yielded 0.173 g ethanol/g glucose (33.9 wt-% of the theoretical yield) within the first 24 h of fermentation. In case of Eucalyptus residues, another IL, 1-N-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (C2minOAc) was applied. The SSF process was applied for a period of three days. As a result, 3.7 g ethanol/L ...

Research Corridor has published a new research study titled "Copper Azole Wood Preservatives Market - Growth, Share, Opportunities, Competitive Analysis and Forecast, 2017 - 2025". The Copper Azole Wood Preservatives market report studies current as well as future aspects of the Copper Azole Wood Preservatives Market based upon factors such as market dynamics, key ongoing trends and segmentation analysis. Apart from the above elements, the Copper Azole Wood Preservatives Market research report provides a 360-degree view of the Copper Azole Wood Preservatives industry with geographic segmentation, statistical forecast and the competitive landscape.. Browse the complete report at http://www.researchcorridor.com/copper-azole-wood-preservatives-market/. Geographically, the Copper Azole Wood Preservatives Market report comprises dedicated sections centering on the regional market revenue and trends. The Copper Azole Wood Preservatives market has been segmented on the basis of geographic regions into ...

Biological treatment of hypersaline wastewaters such as fermentation brine from table olive processing (FTOP), was carried out using four sequential biological reactors (SBRs). These wastewaters were characterized by conductivities higher than 90 mS·cm-1 together with COD and total phenols concentration values of more than 15 g·L-1 and 1000 mg·L-1, respectively. In order to increase the organic removal efficiency and to reduce the hydraulic retention time (HRT), extra nutrients were added and pre-treatment by adsorption was performed. Results showed that the COD/N/P relationship, in the FTOP, of 250/5/1 was appropriate for the biological process reaching COD removal efficiencies of around 80%. The FTOP adsorption pre-treatment with powder activated carbon for the reduction of phenols concentration to 400 mg·L-1 led to a HRT reduction from 40 to 15 days, maintaining the COD and total phenols removal percentages around 78% and 97%, respectively. On the other hand, γ-Proteobacteria was the ...

Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus ATCC ® 700700D-5™ Designation: Genomic DNA from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus strain A6 TypeStrain=True Application:

A critical issue of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is the instability of the morphology of the polymer:fullerene blend over long operation times. We report the synthesis of crosslinkable derivatives of the low bandgap polymer PFDTBT, poly(2,7-(9,9-dialkylfluorene)-alt-(5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′

Phanerochaete chrysosporium ATCC ® 24725™ Designation: VKM F-1767 [CBS 481.73, CCRC 36200, IMI 174727, NRRL 6361, QM 9998] Application: Bacterial resistance testing adhesives Degrades 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene DDE Degrades 2,4,5-trichlorophenol Degrades 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-T Degrades 2,4,6-trichlorophenol Degrades 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene TNT Degrades 3,4-dichloroaniline Degrades Congo red Congo Red Degrades DDT Degrades acid yellow 9 Degrades aldrin Degrades amaranth Degrades atrazine Degrades azo dyes Degrades azure B Azure B Degrades benzene Degrades benzo(a)pyrene Degrades biphenyl Degrades chlordane Degrades creosote Degrades cyclonite RDX, cyclotrimethylene trinitramine Degrades dieldrin Degrades ethylbenzene Degrades fluorene Degrades heptachlor Degrades humic acid Degrades lignin Degrades lindane Degrades mirex Degrades o-chlorophenol Degrades olive-mill wastewater Degrades orange G Orange G Degrades orange II Orange II Degrades pentachlorophenol

for Prostate Cancer December 7 2011 Vietnam Veterans of America to Hold Agent Orange Town Hall November 5th at Penn State Beaver Campus November 4 2011 Vietnam Veterans of America Joins Over 200 Organizations in Urging Congress to Reject Changes to Medicare Part D Program November 3 2011 Vietnam Veterans of America Board of Directors Approves VetProWeb for VVA s Service Officer Program August 29 2011 Fred Elliott to Serve As National Vice President of Vietnam Veterans of America August 23 2011 Dr Wayne Reynolds to Serve As National Treasurer of Vietnam Veterans of America August 23 2011 John Rowan to Serve Fourth Term As National President of Vietnam Veterans of America August 22 2011 VVA Praises Historic Settlement For Veterans Discharged with PTSD August 3 2011 Philanthropist Kenneth Fisher to Receive Award at the Vietnam Veterans of America 15th National Convention August 10 2011 Union Leader Cecil Roberts to Receive Award at the Vietnam Veterans of America 15th National Convention August 8 ...

Biological degradation of phenol by Alcaligenes faecalis with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance was investigated at 25C. Phenol could be utilized by the bacteria as the sole carbon and energy sources. The cell growth and substrate degradation of phenol as single substrates for Alcaligenes faecalis in batch cultures (shaking flasks) were investigated at different initial phenol concentrations. Phenol was observed to be an inhibitory compound. Particularly, when free cells grew on a high concentration of phenol, substrate inhibition was observed and the higher the concentration of phenol, the longer was the lag period. The lag time and whole required time for phenol biodegradation was considerably decreased by immobilized cells due to improvement of cells resistance against high Phenol concentration by cell immobilization compared to free cells. Required time for completely degrade initial phenol of 700 and 1000 ppm by free and immobilized cells is 56, 101 and 35, 72 hours ...

Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HCDD) is formed as a byproduct during the manufacture of certain chlorophenols and has been found in trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol and in the chlorophenol-derived herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). From 1967 to 1970, the concentration of HCDD in commercial pentachlorophenol ranged from 0.03 to 38 ppm. Since then, HCDD levels in pentachlorophenol have been reduced to less than 1 ppm.. A bioassay of a mixture of 1,2,3,6,7,8-and 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (HCDD) for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by dermal application of a suspension of this substance to Swiss-Webster mice.. HCDD (0.01 µg) suspended in 0.1 ml acetone was applied to the backs of 30 mice of each sex 3 days per week for 104 weeks. During the first 16 weeks, doses were 0.005 µg HCDD per application. An additional 30 mice of each sex were pretreated with one application of 50 µg DMBA in 0.1 ml ...

Chlorophenoxy herbicides are a class of herbicide which includes: MCPA, 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T and mecoprop.[1] Large amounts have been produced since the 1950s for agriculture.[2] Acute toxic effects after oral consumption are varied and may include: vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, gastrointestinal haemorrhage acutely followed by coma, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, ataxia, nystagmus, miosis, hallucinations and convulsions.[3] Treatment with urinary alkalinization may be helpful but evidence to support this practice is limited.[1][3] ...

A Vietnam veteran in Michigan who has trouble walking because of his exposure to Agent Orange broke down in tears Friday when he was presented with an all-terrain wheelchair that will allow him to hunt and fish, two of his favorite hobbies. ...

There's an air of torment about Cong Nguyen. The 16-year-old is among four siblings, two of whom suffer the same regular attacks of heat that mean they can never stray far from a water tank. To make matters worse, he has never been able to grow teeth or a full crop of hair; instead, clusters of wispy, thin strands sit above sunken eyes. "Some kids avoid me and laugh at me," he says from the home he shares with his brothers and parents in Bien Hoa, just outside Ho Chi Minh City ...

Degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by aerobic bacteria is generally divided into an upper pathway, which produces dihydroxylated aromatic intermediates by the action of monooxygenases, and a lower pathway, which processes these intermediates down to molecules that enter the citric acid cycle. Bacterial multicomponent monooxygenases (BMMs) are a family of enzymes divided into six distinct groups. Most bacterial genomes code for only one BMM, but a few cases (3 out of 31) of genomes coding for more than a single monooxygenase have been found. One such case is the genome of Pseudomonas stutzeri OX1, in which two different monooxygenases have been found, phenol hydroxylase (PH) and toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMO). We have already demonstrated that ToMO is an oligomeric protein whose subunits transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen, which is eventually incorporated into the aromatic substrate. However, no molecular data are available on the structure and on the mechanism of action of PH. To ...

The presence of eight acid-extractable phenols and sixteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in Laguna Lake water was determined. The acid-extractable phenols which were analyzed included: phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and pentachlorophenol. The OCPs were as follows: α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC (lindane), δ-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan I, 4,4'-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan II, 4,4-DDD, endrin aldehyde, endosulfan sulfate, and 4,4-DDT.Water samples trom five different sites in Laguna Lake were collected in October and November 1996, and February and May 1997. The phenols and OCPs were extracted separately by liquid-liquid extraction. Identification and quantification were done by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). None of the sixteen OCPs was detected in any of the water samples. On the other hand, phenol and 4-nitrophenol were detected in some samples collected in

This thesis focuses on liquid redox electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). A liquid redox electrolyte, as one of the key constituents in DSCs, typically consists of a redox mediator, additives and a solvent. This thesis work concerns all these three aspects of liquid electrolytes, aiming through fundamental insights to enhance the photovoltaic performances of liquid DSCs.. Initial attention has been paid to the iodine concentration effects in ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolytes. It has been revealed that the higher iodine concentration required in IL-based electrolytes can be attributed to both triiodide mobility associated with the high viscosity of the IL, and chemical availability of triiodide. The concept of incompletely solvated ionic liquids (ISILs) has been introduced as a new type of electrolyte solvent for DSCs. It has been found that the photovoltaic performance of ISIL-based electrolytes can even rival that of organic solvent-based electrolytes. And most strikingly, ...

Nitronium tetrafluoroborate is an inorganic compound with formula NO2BF4. It is a salt of nitronium cation and tetrafluoroborate anion. It is a colorless crystalline solid, which reacts with water to form the corrosive acids HF and HNO3. As such, it must be handled under water-free conditions. It is sparsely soluble in many organic solvents. Nitronium tetrafluoroborate can be prepared by adding a mixture of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluoride to a nitromethane solution of nitric acid or nitrogen pentoxide. Nitronium tetrafluoroborate is used as a nitration agent. Kenneth Schofield (1980). Aromatic nitration. CUP Archive. p. 88. ISBN 0-521-23362-3 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous solution by rare earth-doped Snonanoparticles. AU - Al-Hamdi, Abdullah M.. AU - Sillanpää, Mika. AU - Dutta, Joydeep. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - The influence of heterogeneous semiconductors on the photodegradation of phenol in water was investigated using doped tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles. Photocatalysts of SnO2 were synthesized with lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), and neodymium (Nd) dopants. These photocatalysts were synthesized from tin tetrachloride by sol-gel method with different dopant concentrations, and its photocatalytic degradation was investigated up to 0.8 % under UV-A light in aqueous suspensions. The photocatalytic oxidation reactions were studied by varying photocatalyst composition, light intensity, reaction time, pH of the reaction medium, and phenol concentration. It was found that the photocatalytic activity of rare earth-doped SnO2 for phenol decomposition under UV light irradiation was considerably higher ...

Okra (Abelmoschus spp.) is a staple vegetable in Ghana and several countries world-wide. It has potential for several uses but is mostly under-utilized in Ghana. In this study, the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of five different okra seed genotypes (Asha, Asontem, Agbagoma, Sengevi and Penkruma), subjected to different treatments, were determined. A sensory test was performed to determine the acceptability of tea made with the okra seeds. The total phenol content and free radical scavenging activity of the samples were determined by means of Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH assay, respectively. An affective test was used for the sensory analysis. The results indicated that undefatted samples had the highest total phenol content (34.89-39.39 mg GAE/100 g) whereas defatted samples recorded the least (27.83-30.39 mg GAE/100 g). Defatted samples had % DPPH inhibition in the range of 46.38 to 64.00%) whereas that of undefatted samples ranged 34.39-53.00%. However, for the tea infusion of the

Acute poisoning with chlorophenoxy herbicides such as 2,4-D and MCPA is reported world wide, potentially causing severe toxicity and death. Since there is no antidote for chlorophenoxy herbicides, treatments such as urinary alkalinisation have been used to increase the clearance of these poisons from the body. Although urinary alkalinisation was first trialled over 30 years ago, it is not currently used routinely for the treatment of patients with acute chlorophenoxy poisoning. This review looked for studies where this treatment had been given to poisoned patients. No studies of sufficient quality were identified and therefore routine use of this approach to treatment cannot be recommended. However, due to the poor outcomes in patients who present with severe toxicity it may have a role in addition to standard intensive care support. More research should be conducted.. ...

The 96 h and 192 h LC50s were determined for phenol and 11 substituted phenols. The freshwater flow-through tests with measured concentrations and nearly identical test conditions used the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas as the test organism. The fish were checked for uniformity in toxicity response using 48 h static reference tests with 2,4-dichlorophenol as the toxicant. The results of these 12 tests produced a mean 48 h LC50 of 8.6 mg/L plus or minus 1.1 mg/L. The mean of duplicate 96 h LC50s (mg/L) in ascending order of toxicity were: pentachlorophenol, 0.22; 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol, 2.0; 2,4,6-tribromophenol, 6.6; 2,4-dichlorophenol, 8.2; 2-chlorophenol, 12; 2,4-dinitrophenol, 17; 2,4-dimethylphenol, 17; 2,6-dimethylphenol, greater than 27; phenol, 29; 4-nitrophenol, 61; and 3-methoxyphenol, 76 ...

2,4,5-T, aldrin, binapacryl, captafol, chlordane, chlordimeform, chlorobenzilate, DDT, DNOC and its salts, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB), dieldrin, dinoseb, fluoroacetamide, HCH, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, lindane, mercury compounds, monocrotophos, parathion, pentachlorophenol, toxaphene and tributyl tin, plus certain formulations of methamidophos, methyl-parathion, and phosphamidon, as well as dustable-powder formulations containing a combination of benomyl at or above 7 percent, carbofuran at or above 10 percent and thiram at or above 15 percent that are listed as severely hazardous pesticide formulations ...

The performance of a fluidized bed reactor using immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solution was investigated. The contribution of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) secreted by Phanerochaete chrysosporium to the 2,4-DCP degradation was examined. Results showed that Lip and Mnp were not essential to 2,4-DCP degradation while their presence enhanced the degradation process and reaction rate. In sequential batch experiment, the bioactivity of immobilized cells was recovered and improved during the culture and the maximum degradation rate constant of 13.95 mg (Ld)−1 could be reached. In continuous bioreactor test, the kinetic behavior of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilized on loofa sponge was found to follow the Monod equation. The maximum reaction rate was 7.002 mg (Lh)−1, and the saturation constant was 26.045 mg L−1. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Liquid electrolyte based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide salt. T2 - Aluminum corrosion studies and lithium ion battery investigations. AU - Abouimrane, Ali. AU - Ding, J.. AU - Davidson, I. J.. PY - 2009/4/1. Y1 - 2009/4/1. N2 - The performance of a liquid electrolyte composed of lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide (LiSFI) in a 1:1 volume of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate is evaluated for use in lithium ion batteries. Imide salts offer the benefits of higher thermal stability and could provide a safer alternative to LiPF6 which is prone to the formation of HF. However, the most studied lithium imide salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, is well known to have a problem with corrosion of aluminum which is commonly used as the cathode current collector. Consequently, the corrosion properties of liquid electrolytes based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide are also investigated. Crown. AB - The performance of a liquid electrolyte composed of lithium ...

In situ bioremediation of pentachlorophenol-contaminated ground water in a sequential anaerobic-aerobic down borehole permeable barrier reactor requires a non-toxic primary substrate for dichlorophenol cometabolism. Serum bottle tests comparing the effectiveness of eight primary substrates for aerobic dichlorophenol degradation showed phenol to be the most effective followed by imitation vanilla flavoring, guaiacol, sodium benzoate, molasses, acetic acid, propylene glycol and ethyl vanillin in propylene glycol. As phenol is a pollutant, imitation vanilla flavoring is the recommended primary substrate for field use. In a second bottle test, 3,4,5-trichlorophenol was not sufficiently biotransformed, emphasizing the need for biotransformation to occur in the anaerobic zone of the reactor ...

AFMAN 24-204(I)/TM 38-250/NAVSUP PUB 505/MCO P4030.19H/ DLAI 4145.3 189 11 DECEMBER 2001 Reportable Reportable Hazardous Substance Quantity (RQ) Hazardous Substance Quantity (RQ) Pounds Pounds (Kilograms) (Kilograms) Osmium tetroxide 1000 (454) Phenol, 2,4-dinitro- 10 (4.54) 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3- dicarboxylic acid 1000 (454) Phenol, methyl- 100 (45.4) 1,2-Oxathiolane, 2,2-dioxide 10 (4.54) Phenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitro- 10 (4.54) 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl) tetrahydro-2- oxide 10 (4.54) Phenol, 2,2 -methylenebis [3,4,6-trichloro- 100 (45.4) Oxirane 10 (4.54) Phenol, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6- dinitro 1000 (454) Oxiranecarboxyaldehyde 10 (4.54) Phenol, 4-nitro- 100 (45.4) Oxirane, (chloromethyl)- 100 (45.4) Phenol, pentachloro- 10 (4.54) Paraformaldehyde 1000 (454) Phenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachloro- 10 (4.54) Paraldehyde 1000 (454) Phenol, 2,4,5-trichloro- 10 (4.54) Parathion 10 (4.54) Phenol, 2,4,6-trichloro- 10 (4.54) Pentachlorobenzene 10 (4.54) Phenol, ...

The current study has determined the toxicity effects of copper nanoparticles on the some vital organs such as gill, liver and kidney of Caspian Roach; Rutillus rutillus caspicus. For this purpose, 120 fishes were used as experimental samples and exposed to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L of Cu nanoparticles for 21 days, and 30 fishes assumed as the experiment control. The mean water temperature of the aquaria was 22±2 ºC, dissolved oxygen 5.2 mg/L, pH at 7±0.004 and the concentration of calcium carbonate was 270 ppm. On 7, 14 and 21 days after exposing the fishes to copper nanoparticles, three fishes were randomly selected from each aquaria, sacrificed and samples from their gill, liver and kidney were taken and fixed in cold 10 % buffered formalin. Then microscopic sections were prepared and examined by light microscope which showed histological alternations in the gill, liver and kidney tissues. Evaluation of these changes could be useful in estimating the harmful effects of copper nanoparticles.

TY - JOUR. T1 - NIR spectrum analysis of natural gas based on hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber. AU - Li, Xuefeng. AU - Liang, Jinxing. AU - Lin, Shuo. AU - Zimin, Yury. AU - Zhang, Yupeng. AU - Ueda, Toshitsugu. PY - 2012. Y1 - 2012. N2 - In this paper, we present a quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy measurement of the chemical compositions of gas mixtures, such as natural gas, based on a photonic bandgap fiber gas cell. The absorption spectra of the methane and ethane gases were investigated in the near-infrared region. The absorption lines of the ethane gas were observed in the 1600-1616-nm region, and were totally different from those of the methane gas. To our knowledge, this is the first study to measure the individual absorption lines of ethane in this range of wavelengths, and our finding has a great potential for sensing highly sensitive gases.. AB - In this paper, we present a quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy measurement of the chemical compositions of gas mixtures, such ...

Pseudomonas, dermatophytes, Candida, and Trichophyton. When there is a break in the skin from the offending nail border, these organisms can invade the area and cause an infection, swelling and granulation tissue of the nail fold.. DIAGNOSIS. Ingrown toenail symptoms and signs include redness, pain, and swelling. Sometimes there may be a clear yellowish drainage, or if it becomes infected, pus drainage. Occasionally, ingrown toenails resolve without treatment. Painful, persistent, and recurring ingrown toenails should be treated.. Sometimes there is nail edge curving into the skin (incurvation) or a spike of nail (spicule) pressing into the skin of the nail border. When an infection is involved, there may be severe redness and swelling, drainage, pus, and a bad smell.. ...

INFLUENCE OF PERMANGANATE INDEX IN THE PARAMETERS AS TOTAL PHENOL CONTENT AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS

An electrochemical sensor based on a three-electrode method containing a reference electrode, comprising: A working electrode 2, a counter electrode 3 and a reference electrode 4 formed on an insulating substrate 1; an examining electrode 8 provided to examine an electric potential of the reference electrode 4; a combining layer 20, an immobilized enzyme layer 21 and a diffusion-limiting layer 22 made of a fluororesin provided on voltmeter is provided on these electrodes, between the examining electrode 8 and the reference electrode 4 so that the electric potential of the reference electrode can be examined; to detect an abnormality in the reference electrode immediately after its occurrence, recover a high reliability of measured value by removing the abnormality quickly, make it possible to conduct a continuous measurement for a long time and furthermore try to reduce a running cost.

PGR Cloprop Sodium 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)propanoate 53404-22-1 98% - Tocopharm Products Made In China, China Manufacturer. Sodium 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)propanoate Product Name: Sodium 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)propanoate Cas No: 53404-22-1 Synonyms: Sodium 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)propanoate;2-(META-CHLOROPHENOXY)PROPIONICACID,SODIUMSALT;2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid sodium salt;PROPANOIC ACID,

TY - JOUR. T1 - Controlled defects of zinc oxide nanorods for efficient visible light photocatalytic degradation of phenol. AU - Al-Sabahi, Jamal. AU - Bora, Tanujjal. AU - Al-Abri, Mohammed. AU - Dutta, Joydeep. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - Environmental pollution from human and industrial activities has received much attention as it adversely affects human health and bio-diversity. In this work we report efficient visible light photocatalytic degradation of phenol using supported zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and explore the role of surface defects in ZnO on the visible light photocatalytic activity. ZnO nanorods were synthesized on glass substrates using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process, while the surface defect states were controlled by annealing the nanorods at various temperatures and were characterized by photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the evaluation of phenol photocatalytic degradation. ZnO nanorods ...

Read chapter Appendix D: Biographies of Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides (Eighth Biennial Update) and ...

Addiction and alcoholism among Vietnam veterans has traditionally been very high since the conflict ended in 1975. War is extremely traumatic and often causes soldiers to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD - a condition that frequently co-occurs with addiction or alcoholism. But while any war can cause a soldier or sailor to turn to drugs or alcohol in order to self-medicate their pain and stress, Vietnam veterans were subject to a hostile return when the war was over. Instead of being treated like heroes as their fathers were after World War II, Vietnam veterans were shunned, ridiculed and expelled from their customary peer groups. Additionally, these veterans found it difficult to reintegrate into a workforce that largely had no use for their military skills. Consequently, many of America's most courageous veterans became disillusioned addicts and alcoholics with few opportunities to better their lives.. PTSD is widely considered the most common cause of addiction or alcoholism ...

LEROY W KATTERHENRY JR is honored on Panel 44E, Row 60 of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. LEROY W KATTERHENRY JR is from COLUMBUS, OH and served as a SGT in the ARMY.

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a technique widely implemented for the measurement of environmental pollutants. A critical tool for the analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over several decades, MS as coupled with liquid and gas chromatography (LC and GC) techniques enables the analysis of emerging POPs. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the use of alternative MS-based techniques to assist specific analytical challenges including separation of stereoisomers using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), reduced ionization competition with appropriate mobile phase additives, and applied rotationally averaged collision-cross section (CCS) of ions via ion mobility measurements of emerging POPs.. Chromatographic efficiency improvements for the brominated flame retardant, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD), were implemented through the development of two supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) methods. Based on the inherent qualities of supercritical fluids, separation of both predominant ...

PAD can be a factor in people with uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal failure, limb trauma, ingrown toenails, poorly healing toe or feet wounds, foot or leg pain with or without activity, or who are overweight. Ingrown toenails 836: Inguinal hernia 1525: Insomnia 531: Insulin (resistance) 22573: Intestinal inflammation 874/225: Irritable colon 429: Itching (body itchy) 119: Job syndrome 71950: Keratosis pilaris 52983: Kidney stones 25809: Kidney transplant 901: Kidneys 37: Lactose intolerance 21300: Language 1111: Lateral sclerosis 2114/771: Left arm. Leukonychia (or leuconychia), is a medical term for white discolouration appearing on nails. As a practitioner, David has worked at some of the world's elite retreats and wellness spas from the Maldives, to Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Caribbean, India, Sri Lanka, and Australia. It usually affects your big toe. Race to find ship survivors as Typhoon Haishen nears Japan. You do not need to be referred by your GP. ...

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TY - BOOK. T1 - Enhanced reductive dechlorination in clay till contaminated with chlorinated solvents. AU - Damgaard,Ida. A2 - Broholm,Mette Martina. A2 - Bjerg,Poul Løgstrup. PY - 2012. Y1 - 2012. N2 - Chlorinated solvents are among the most frequently found contaminants in groundwater. In fractured media, chlorinated ethenes and ethanes are transported downwards through preferential pathways with subsequent diffusion into the sediment matrix. Due to slow back diffusion it can serve as a long term secondary source that can leach to the underlying aquifer. As some of the chlorinated solvents and their degradation products are toxic and carcinogenic, remediation technologies applicable in low permeability settings are needed. Enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) has been proven efficient in high permeability aquifers and has also been applied at a number of low permeability clay till sites. This thesis presents the results of an investigation of chlorinated ethenes (and ethanes) degradation ...

Chloracne normally results from direct skin contact with chloracnegens, although ingestion and inhalation are also possible causative routes. Chloracnegens are fat-soluble, meaning they persist in the body fat for a very long period following exposure. Chloracne is a chronic inflammatory condition that results from this persistence, in combination with the toxin's chemical properties. It is believed, at least from rodent models, that the toxin activates a series of receptors promoting macrophage proliferation, inducing neutrophilia and leading to a generalised inflammatory response in the skin. This process may also be augmented by induction of excess tumor necrosis factor in the blood serum. The inflammatory processes lead to the formation of keratinous plugs in skin pores, forming yellowish cysts and dark pustules. The associated pus is usually a color of green approximating that of a tennis ball. The skin lesions occur mainly in the face, but in more severe cases they involve the shoulders ...

2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) is a toxic compound widespread in the environment, with numerous applications. There are many fungi capable of degrading it, although little attention has been paid to non wood-degrading species. Penicillium chrysogenum ERK1 was able to degrade 85% of TCP in batch cultures in the presence of sodium acetate. Degradation rate was fitted to a specific first-order kinetic and the growth rate was fitted to a Gompertz model. Hydroquinone and benzoquinone were identified as degradation intermediates. The phytotoxicity of the residues was reduced by half after fungal treatment. These results suggest that Penicillium chrysogenum can be applied successfully to biodegrade TCP ...

We have cloned the linD genes as a candidate for direct involvement in the degradation of 2,5-DCHQ, the intermediate of γ-HCH degradation by S. paucimobilis UT26. The fact that E. coli cells overproducing LinD converted 2,5-DCHQ to HQ and that the Tn5-induced mutants which show deficiencies in LinD activity have a deletion or rearrangements in the linD gene support the hypothesis that the linD gene is directly involved in 2,5-DCHQ degradation in UT26. Recently, we revealed that rearrangements occurred in the linD gene in UT103, which has no LinD activity (13).. Northern blot analysis revealed that linD mRNA is expressed upon induction with 2,5-DCHQ, whereas linA, linB, and linC are constitutively expressed. This suggested the existence of a regulatory system for linD gene expression.. TLC analysis revealed that LinD rapidly converts 2,5-DCHQ to CHQ and slowly converts CHQ to HQ. This indicates that LinD catalyzes the reductive dehalogenation of 2,5-DCHQ. However, the conversion of CHQ to HQ may ...

Abstract : 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) are two isomers of dichlorophenols, have beenused as preservative agents for wood, paints, vegetable fibers and as intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals anddyes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of 2H/1H or13C/12C, and 18O/16O or 37Cl/35Cl, in dichlorophenol isomers using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 2,4-DCP and 2,6-DCP samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control sample remained as untreated, whilethe treated sample was further divided into four groups as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi'sbiofield energy treatment. The GC-MS spectra of 2,4-DCP and 2,6-DCP showed three to six m/z peaks at 162, 126, 98, 73, 63,37 etc. due to the molecular ion peak and fragmented peaks. The isotopic abundance ratios (percentage) in both the isomerswere increased significantly ...