Paper: Significance Of Serum Lipid Peroxides, Total And Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid As Markers For Liver Diseases , Author: Thanaa Hamed, Mahasen Abdel Sattar, Fauna Abd El- Salam*, Sherif Abou El Dahab**, and Amal Idris , Year: 2000 , Faculty of Medicine, Benha University

TY - JOUR. T1 - Detection of free radicals generated in NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in ischemic brain homogenate. Application of the spin trapping technique. AU - Tominaga, Teiji. AU - Imaizumi, S.. AU - Yoshimoto, T.. AU - Suzuki, J.. AU - Fujita, Y.. PY - 1986/5/14. Y1 - 1986/5/14. N2 - The spin trapping technique has been applied to the detection of free radicals generated in the NADPH stimulated lipid peroxidation process in ischemic brain homogenate. Using male Wistar rats, complete cerebral ischemia for 30 min, 60 min or 120 min was produced by decapitation followed by preservation of the heads at 37°C. Global cerebral ischemia of 30 min or 60 min duration was induced by occlusions of three vessels (bilateral common carotid and basilar artery) in the ventilated rats. In some animals, bilateral carotid occlusions were released for 30 min following 30 min of ischemia to study the postischemic event. Two reaction mixtures containing brain homogenate, NADPH, Fe-EDTA and spin trapping ...

Dietary intake of 0.1% fucoxanthin significantly reduced lipid hydroperoxide levels of liver and abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese/diabetes KK-Ay mice. The fucoxanthin supplementation also significantly reduced blood glucose level and hepatic lipid contents of the mice. Oxidative stress is known to be induced in hyperglycemia and high fat conditions. Therefore, in vivo antioxidant activity of fucoxanthin found in the present study could be attributed to its anti-diabetic effect and its decreasing effect on hepatic lipids. On the other hand, little effect of fucoxanthin on lipid hydroperoxide levels was found in normal ICR mice. Although the content of fucoxanthin metabolites in the abdominal WAT of KK-Ay mice was about 50 times higher that in the liver, there was little difference in its In Vivo antioxidant activity between in the liver and in the abdominal WAT. These results suggest that well-known ability of fucoxanthin to scavenge active oxygen species and/or free radicals would not be a

Various organic hydroperoxides are reduced when added to rat liver mitochondrial suspensions. Succinate increases the rate and duration of the reductions except for linoleic acid hydroperoxide which appears to inhibit its own reduction. 3-Hydroxybutyrate replaces succinate but other reductants used are less effective. The rate of reduction of tert-butyl hydroperoxide by succinate is not inhibited by cyanide but is partly inhibited if antimycin or rotenone are also added; ATP reverses the antimycin inhibition. Other inhibitors include the uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyhydrazone, ADP + Pi, the thiol reagents N-ethylmaleimide and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and inhibitors of the mitochondrial transport of carboxylic acids. In some cases, the GSH concentration of the mitochondria during the reductions correlates with the reduction rate (e.g. with succinate and after N-ethylmaleimide) but in others it is dissociated. The results suggest that hydroperoxide reduction requires the GSH-glutathione

Metabolic products of lipid peroxides have been reported to involve in the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, lipid derived radicals which are key products of metabolic process of lipid peroxide, are difficult to detect due to high reactivity. The aim of this study is to develop the detection and structural analysis method for lipid derived radicals. Furthermore, this method applies to animal disease models. These results will provide valuable information regarding oxidative stress diseases.. ...

Today, I want to discuss a new study that recently appeared in the Journal of Functional Foods. This study looked at the consumption of apples and its effect on heart disease factors such as the oxidation of LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream. Continue reading →. ...

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Superoxide, Adult, Biomarkers, Brain, Catalase, Cholesterol, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Complications, Dyslipidemia, Goals, Heart, Homeostasis, Hydroperoxide, Hyperglycemia, Injection, Kidney, Lipid Hydroperoxide, Lipid Peroxidation

It is said the living organisms are influenced by active oxygen, which increases the amount of the cell membrane of the lipid peroxide and decreases the fluidity of the cell membrane with age, causing the organisms to lose flexibility in the cell membrane as they grow old ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Formation of Superoxide Anion during Ferrous Ion-Induced Decomposition of Linoleic Acid Hydroperoxide under Aerobic Conditions. AU - Kambayashi, Yasuhiro. AU - Tero-Kubota, Shozo. AU - Yamamoto, Yorihiro. AU - Kato, Masashi. AU - Nakano, Minoru. AU - Yagi, Kunio. AU - Ogino, Keiki. PY - 2003/12. Y1 - 2003/12. N2 - We studied the mechanism of formation of oxygen radicals during ferrous ion-induced decomposition of linoleic acid hydroperoxide using the spin trapping and chemiluminescence methods. The formation of the superoxide anion (O2.-) was verified in the present study. The hydroxyl radical is also generated through Fenton type decomposition of hydrogen peroxide produced on disproportionation of O2.-. A carbon-centered radical was detected using 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) as a spin trap. Alkoxyl radical formation is essential for the conversion of linoleic acid hydroperoxide into the peroxyl radical by ferrous ion. It is likely that the ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Human carotid lesion linoleic acid hydroperoxide inhibits paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity via reaction with PON1 free sulfhydryl cysteine 284. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

In enzymology, a hydroperoxide dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.92) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (9Z,11E,14Z)-(13S)-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11,14-trienoate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (9Z)-(13S)-12,13-epoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate + H2O Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (9Z,11E,14Z)-(13S)-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11,14-trienoate, and two products, (9Z)-(13S)-12,13-epoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate and H2O. This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (9Z,11E,14Z)-(13S)-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11,14-trienoate 12,13-hydro-lyase [(9Z)-(13S)-12,13-epoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate-forming]. Other names in common use include hydroperoxide isomerase, linoleate hydroperoxide isomerase, linoleic acid hydroperoxide isomerase, HPI, (9Z,11E,14Z)-(13S)-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11,14-trienoate, and 12,13-hydro-lyase. As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

Abstract: In aorta of intact rabbits the high activity of glutathione-peroxidase, which detoxicates lipoperoxides, was observed. In aorta of animals with pronounced experimental atheromatosis the enzyme activity did not distinctly differ from the control values. The animals with high initial content of glutathione-peroxidase in aorta were shown to be less subjected to the impairment in alimentary atherosclerosis ...

hapter 11 Free Radical Reactions A free radical is a species containing one or more unpaired electrons Free radicals are electron-deficient species, but they are usually uncharged, so their chemistry is

Peroxidation is a well-known natural phenomenon associated with both health and disease. We compared the peroxidation kinetics of phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecules with different fatty acid compositions (i.e. 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 at the sn-2 and 16:0 at sn-1 position) either as molecules free in solution or formed into liposomes. Fatty acid levels, oxygen consumption plus lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde production were measured from the same incubations, at the same time during maximal elicitable peroxidation. PCs with highly peroxidizable fatty acids (i.e. 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3) in the same incubation were found to be either fully peroxidized or intact. Rates of peroxidation of PCs with multiple bisallylic groups (i.e. 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3) peroxidized at 2-3 times the rate per bisallylic bond than the same phospholipid with 18:2n-6. The results suggest that propagation of peroxidation (H-atom transfer) is firstly an intramolecular process that is several-fold faster than

EXPANDED ABSTRACT KEY WORDS: * antioxidants * prooxidants * dietary fat Prooxidants often are considered synonymous with reactive species, toxic substances that can cause oxidative damage to major constituents of biological systems. In contradistinction, antioxidants are defined as any substance that, when present at low concentrations compared with that of the oxidizable substrate, significantly prevents the prooxidant-initiated oxidation of that substrate. In this context, and based on the potential of free radical reactions contributing to the degradation of biological systems, it was suggested that it might be possible to reduce the extent of damage caused by free radicals through 3 dietary changes: i) reducing energy intake (i.e., lowering the level of free radical reactions arising in the course of normal metabolism), ii) minimizing dietary components that increase the level of free radical reactions (e.g., polyunsaturated fats), and iii) supplementing the diet with one or more free ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Direct observation of lipid hydroperoxides in phospholipid vesicles by electrospray mass spectrometry. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

This study aimed to test the protective role of natural bee honey against melamine toxicity in the kidney of male albino rats. The dietary supplementation of melamine at a dose of 20,000 ppm for 28 days induced renal dysfunction, as reflected by a significant increase in kidney function parameters (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) and an increase in potassium levels. In addition, a decrease in catalase and glutathione-S-transferase and an increase in lipid peroxide in the kidney tissue homogenate were also observed. Histological changes in the melamine-treated group revealed hyperplasia and damage in kidney cells and the accumulation of melamine crystals in kidney tissues. Honey treatment for 28 days in rats concurrently administered melamine at a dose of 2.5 g/kg body weight for 28 days improved the kidney function, increased antioxidant enzymes, and decreased lipid peroxide levels. The morphology of the kidney cells of the melamine-fed rats was also improved as a result of honey treatment. In ...

Transition metal ions also catalyze the breakdown of lipid peroxides:. LOOH + Fe2+ → LO• + OH-Fe3+. LOOH + Fe3+ → LOO• + H+Fe2+. The stage of propagation is inhibited by the competitive termination occurring between reactive radical forms:. LOO• + L1 OO• → LOOL1 + O2. LOO• + L1OO• → LOOL1. L• + L1• → L - L1. The effect of the process is the formation of lipids with branched aliphatic chains or protein-lipid complexes. The breakdown of lipid peroxides leads to the formation of many compounds, such as saturated hydrocarbons (ethane, penthane, hexane) and unsaturated hydrocarbons, aldehydes (saturated and unsaturated, hydroxyaldehydes), and dialdehydes (e.g. malone dialdehyde - MDA). Some of these compounds can be causes of pathologies or can be metabolized to other potential endogenous toxins.. Special attention should be paid to γ-diketones, which may cause the networking of lipids and proteins. Lipids networked by MDA have been found in blood cell membranes in sickle ...

FREE RADICALS IN COMBUSTION PROCESSES 52 FREE RADICALS IN COMBUSTION PROCESSES: THERMOCHEMISTRY OF THE ALKOXY RADICALS RO By PETER GRAY Introduction The mechanism of combustion reactions has been discussed for many years1, Cited by: 2.

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Production and cytotoxicity of peroxidized phospholipids. AU - Miyazawa, T.. PY - 1991/2. Y1 - 1991/2. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026113281&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026113281&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 2024022. AN - SCOPUS:0026113281. VL - 36. SP - 413. EP - 419. JO - Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme. JF - Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme. SN - 0039-9450. IS - 3. ER - ...

Affiliation：The Jikei University School of Medicine Pediatrics,医学部,助手, Research Field：Pediatrics, Keywords：腎微少循環,Denervation,腎臓神経,ピューロマイシンアシノタクレオシド,除神経,腎組織カテコ-ルアミン,蛋白尿,Nephrotic syndrome,Lipid peroxide,ピュ-ロマイシン腎症, # of Research Projects：1, # of Research Products：0

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This review addresses the general hypothesis that the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and eclampsia are related to an imbalance of increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation coupled with a deficiency of antioxidant protection. Accordingly, this study was initiated to assess total antioxidant status and free-radical activity in preeclampsia and eclampsia. The patients studied were 44 healthy pregnant women and 45 women with hypertension classified as having preeclampsia (n=27), and eclampsia (n=18). The serum levels of lipid peroxide were significantly increased (p,0.0001) and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels) in erythrocytes were significantly decreased (p,0.0001) in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia compared with the controls. The groups of preeclampsia and eclampsia had similar values of catalase activities as the controls (p,0.05). There were no correlations between serum levels of lipid peroxide and antioxidant enzyme activities or ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Sodium p-toluenesulfinate/copper(II) acetate in free radical reactions of 5-aryl substituted alkenes. AU - Wang, Sheow Fong. AU - Chuang, Che Ping. AU - Lee, Jia Han. AU - Liu, Shui Te. PY - 1999/2/19. Y1 - 1999/2/19. N2 - p-Toluenesulfonyl radical can be generated from sodium p- toluenesulfinate in aqueous acetic acid or formic acid. Sulfonyl radical mediating reaction of 5-aryl substituted alkenes with sodium p- toluenesulfinate/copper(II) acetate gave p-toluenesulfonylmethyl substituted naphthalene and isoquinoline derivatives. This reaction proceeded much faster in aqueous formic acid than in aqueous acetic acid. The cyclization mode (Ar2-6 vs Ar1-5) of the 5-phenyl-1-butyl radical is strongly dependent on the geometry of the tether of the radical intermediate.. AB - p-Toluenesulfonyl radical can be generated from sodium p- toluenesulfinate in aqueous acetic acid or formic acid. Sulfonyl radical mediating reaction of 5-aryl substituted alkenes with sodium p- ...

Erythrocytes of diabetic patients have abnormal membrane properties. We examined in vivo membrane lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes of diabetic subjects and its possible relationship with hyperglycemia. Lipid peroxidation was assessed in fresh, untreated erythrocytes by quantitating thiobarbituric acid reactivity and an adduct of phospholipids and malonyldialdehyde (MDA), an end product of lipid peroxidation, with thin-layer chromatography of lipid extract of diabetic erythrocytes. There was a significantly increased membrane lipid peroxidation in diabetic erythrocytes compared with nondiabetic erythrocytes. The degree of membrane lipid peroxidative damage in erythrocytes was significantly correlated with the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, an index of mean glucose level for the preceding 3-4mo. This suggests that peroxidation of membrane lipids and accumulation of MDA occurs in erythrocytes of diabetic patients.. ...

Essential antioxidant peroxidase that directly reduces phospholipid hydroperoxide even if they are incorporated in membranes and lipoproteins (By similarity). Can also reduce fatty acid hydroperoxide, cholesterol hydroperoxide and thymine hydroperoxide (By similarity). Plays a key role in protecting cells from oxidative damage by preventing membrane lipid peroxidation. Required to prevent cells from ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death resulting from an iron-dependent accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species. The presence of selenocysteine (Sec) versus Cys at the active site is essential for life: it provides resistance to overoxidation and prevents cells against ferroptosis. The presence of Sec at the active site is also essential for the survival of a specific type of parvalbumin-positive interneurons, thereby preventing against fatal epileptic seizures. May be required to protect cells from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Required for normal sperm development and male ...

1. Free radical-induced lipid peroxidation and changes in protein and nucleic acid structures can result in various human ailments, including ageing, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. High body fat or dietary fat further enhances the free radical-mediated pathogenesis of various diseases. 2. In the present study, the in vitro anti-oxidant and DNA protective effects of the novel cardiovascular drug rosuvastatin were evaluated. Anti-oxidant activity was evaluated on the basis of inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of superoxide radical and the reduction of ferric ions (Fe(3+)). Inhibition of lipid peroxidation was determined using Fentons reaction-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver and brain homogenates and liver mitochondria. Superoxide radical-scavenging activity was evaluated by scavenging of the superoxide anion generated by photo illumination of riboflavin and Fe(3+)-reducing activity was determined by the ferric-reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) assay. DNA protection was

This study aimed to test the protective role of natural bee honey against melamine toxicity in the kidney of male albino rats. The dietary supplementation of melamine at a dose of 20,000 ppm for 28 days induced renal dysfunction, as reflected by a significant increase in kidney function parameters (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) and an increase in potassium levels. In addition, a decrease in catalase and glutathione-S-transferase and an increase in lipid peroxide in the kidney tissue homogenate were also observed. Histological changes in the melamine-treated group revealed hyperplasia and damage in kidney cells and the accumulation of melamine crystals in kidney tissues. Honey treatment for 28 days in rats concurrently administered melamine at a dose of 2.5 g/kg body weight for 28 days improved the kidney function, increased antioxidant enzymes, and decreased lipid peroxide levels. The morphology of the kidney cells of the melamine-fed rats was also improved as a result of honey treatment. In ...

This study aimed to test the protective role of natural bee honey against melamine toxicity in the kidney of male albino rats. The dietary supplementation of melamine at a dose of 20,000 ppm for 28 days induced renal dysfunction, as reflected by a significant increase in kidney function parameters (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) and an increase in potassium levels. In addition, a decrease in catalase and glutathione-S-transferase and an increase in lipid peroxide in the kidney tissue homogenate were also observed. Histological changes in the melamine-treated group revealed hyperplasia and damage in kidney cells and the accumulation of melamine crystals in kidney tissues. Honey treatment for 28 days in rats concurrently administered melamine at a dose of 2.5 g/kg body weight for 28 days improved the kidney function, increased antioxidant enzymes, and decreased lipid peroxide levels. The morphology of the kidney cells of the melamine-fed rats was also improved as a result of honey treatment. In ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lipid peroxidation in cardiac surgery. T2 - Towards consensus on biomonitoring, diagnostic tools and therapeutic implementation. AU - Romano, Rosalba. AU - Cristescu, Simona M.. AU - Risby, Terence H. AU - Marczin, Nandor. PY - 2018/4/1. Y1 - 2018/4/1. N2 - This review focuses on oxidative stress and more specifically lipid peroxidation in cardiac surgery, one of the fundamental theories of perioperative complications. We present the molecular pathways leading to lipid peroxidation and integrate analytical methods that allow detection of lipid peroxidation markers in the fluid phase with those focusing on volatile compounds in exhaled breath. In order to explore the accumulated data in the literature, we present a systematic review of quantitative analysis of malondialdehyde, a widely used lipid peroxidation product at various stages of cardiac surgery. This exploration reveals major limitations of existing studies in terms of variability of reported values and significant gaps ...

Cyclosporine A (CsA) has been demonstrated to induce renal microsomal lipid peroxidation in vitro. To examine whether CsA induces lipid peroxidation in vivo, uninephrectomized rats were gavaged with vehicle, CsA 12.5 or 25 mg/kg/day for four weeks. CsA-induced reduction in GFR and RBF was associated …

This book describes mechanisms of skin damage generation and examines the potential impact of free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage on the skin aging process. It also evaluates methods to decrease skin oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and skin aging. The identification of free radical reactions as promoters of the skin aging process implies that interventions aimed at limiting or inhibiting free radical reactions should be able to reduce the rate of formation of aging-related changes with a consequent reduction of the aging rate. This book highlights how aging of the skin happens, as well as what are the causes and the best ways to prevent and treat it. (Imprint: Nova Biomedical ...

Free radical reactions are believed to play an important role in the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis. Most studies concerning the role of free radical reactions have been limited to soluble Cr(VI). Various studies have shown that solubility is an important factor contributing to the carcinogenic potential of Cr(VI) compounds. Here, we report that reduction of insoluble PbCrO4 by glutath

Lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may be affected by an imbalance in the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on these cardiovascular risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet using plant oils as the main n-3 PUFA source. The 1:1 and 5:1 ratio groups had significantly decreased serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and proinflammatory cytokines compared with the 20:1 group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the 20:1 group had significantly increased serum levels of E-Selectin, von Willebrand factor (vWF), and numerous markers of oxidative stress compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). The 1:1 group had a significantly decreased lipid peroxide level compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Serum levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and vWF tended to ...

Increase of Oxidants and Antioxidant Consumption in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Peritoneal Dialysis. By Leonardo Pazarín-Villaseñor, Julio Alejandro Gutiérrez-Prieto, Javier Soto-Vargas, Renato Parra-Michel, Andrés García-Sanchez and Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Diaz. Oxidative stress (OS) is implicated as a unifying factor between chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to compare the oxidant and antioxidant status in patients with PD according to the state of DM. Lipoperoxides (LPO), 8-isoprostanes (8-IP) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined as oxidants and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as antioxidants in patients with DM and without DM (No-DM). We included 35 patients with DM, 42 No-DM patients and 10 healthy people as a control group (HC). Patients with DM were older (p,0.0001), had higher BMI (p,0.0001), high glucose levels (p,0.0001) and more hypertension (p,0.0001). It was ...

Here, the mechanism of action of an antioxidant peptide rich in acidic amino acid residues in controlling lipid oxidation is discussed. Firstly, in the presence of this peptide, the fluorescence intensity of lipid peroxide in samples of walnut oil was very low, indicating that the peptide prevented the formation of lipid peroxides. Secondly, the production of lipid-derived radicals of oil was redu ...

Here, the mechanism of action of an antioxidant peptide rich in acidic amino acid residues in controlling lipid oxidation is discussed. Firstly, in the presence of this peptide, the fluorescence intensity of lipid peroxide in samples of walnut oil was very low, indicating that the peptide prevented the formation of lipid peroxides. Secondly, the production of lipid-derived radicals of oil was redu ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an isocaloric beverage with added protein and vitamins (CHOPA) would influence oxidative stress and inflammation after cycling to exhaustion as indicated by plasma protein carbonyls (PC), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Twelve trained men (18-33 yr) volunteered and performed this randomized crossover study. Participants cycled at 70% VO2peak until fatigue and at 80% VO2peak 22-24 hr later to fatigue with either carbohydrate or CHOPA. Blood collected before the cycling at rest and 24, 48, and 72 hr after the exercise was analyzed for PC and LOOH spectrophotometrically and for IL-6 via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed with SPSS using repeated-measures ANOVA. PC demonstrated significant treatment (p = .037) and time (p = .004) effects with no Treatment × Time interaction. PC was higher in the CHOPA treatment than with CHO independent of time and increased at 24 (48%), 48 (59%), and 72 (67%) hr ...

ipid peroxidation may lead to base modifica-tion,DNA strand breaks and formation of var-ious fluorescent products in model systems.bacteria and eucaryotic cells.and the selectivedestruction of the base guanine in DNA.Thetransient metal ions can intensify the DNAdamage obviously.Antioxidants and free radi-cal scavagers have the protective effect of vary-ing degrees for DNA damage induced by lipidperoxidation.8-Hydroxyguanine.which isstrongly implicated in mutagenesis and carcino-genesis. has been observed.The molecularmechanism of mutagenesis and carcinogenesisinduced by lipid peroxidation aroused greatconcerns in the field of free radical biology.

It turns out that the same nutrients that help keep you healthy on the inside also play a huge role on how you look on the outside. So it should come as no surprise that the answer to amazing skin comes not from a cosmetics company but from the foremost natural nutrition company.. Weve applied 50 years of scientific research to develop the most advanced therapeutic skin care system around. With just 3 minutes of Enfuselle Nutrition Therapy morning and night, in 28 short days, youll see your skin age 10 years in reverse - guaranteed. Enfuselle skin care is formulated with Vital Repair+®, a blend of seven antioxidant nutrients to block ALL those skin-damaging free radical reactions and actually allow the skin to keep making healthy cells. ...

Oxygen, Superoxide, Administration, Adult, Antioxidant Effect, Catalase, Cells, Diabetes Mellitus, Grape, Grape Seed Extract, Injection, Lipid Peroxides, Liver, Oral Administration, Peroxides, Plasma, Proteins, Rat, Rats, Reactive Oxygen Species

Lipid peroxidation as TBARS in colonValues are mean ± SEM. aSignificantly different from sham group at p | 0.01. bSignificantly different from control group

You are viewing an interactive 3D depiction of the molecule (5z,8z,10e,12s,14z)-12-hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid (C20H32O4) from the PQR.

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Fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase (HPO-lyase) was purified 300-fold from tomatoes. The enzymatic activity appeared to be very unstable, but addition of Triton X100 and beta-mercaptoethanol to the buffer yielded an active enzyme that could be stored for several months at −80°C. The enzyme was inhibited by desferoxamine mesylate (desferal), 2-methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridyl-1-propanone ... read more (metyrapone), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), n-propyl gallate and butylated hydroxyanisole, suggesting the involvement of free radicals in the reaction mechanism and the existence of a prosthetic group in the active center. However, no heme group could be demonstrated with the methods commonly used to identify heme groups in proteins. Only 13-hydroperoxides from linoleic acid (13-HPOD) and alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-13-HPOT) were cleaved by the tomato enzyme, with a clear preference for the latter substrate. The pH-optimum was 6.5, and for concentrations lower than 300 mu M a typical Michaelis Menten curve ...

1. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is believed to play a central role in atherogenesis. We have compared the effect of antioxidant vitamins and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on the Cu(2+)-catalysed oxidation of LDL. 2. Antioxidant vitamin supplementation significantly reduced conjugated diene formation but did not affect the formation of lipid peroxides. 3. Conversely, HDL did not affect conjugated diene formation but inhibited the formation of lipid peroxides by up to 90%. 4. The inhibition by HDL of lipid peroxide formation in oxidized LDL was dependent on the concentration of HDL and was not due to HDL chelating Cu2+. 5. Large interindividual variations in the inhibition of lipid peroxide formation by autologous HDL were evident, which were related to the rate of lipid peroxide generation in the LDL. 6. We conclude that HDL is a powerful antioxidant or more probably inhibitor of LDL oxidation in vitro and may play an important role in vivo in preventing atherosclerosis by ...

2) Measurement of superoxide dismutase in R.B.C.: R.B.C. cytoplasm was obtained by the same process as used in the estimation of cytoplasmic lipoperoxide concentrations. The activity of the cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase was estimated by the following method: Xanthine oxidase will produce superoxide radicals from its substrate xanthine. These superoxide radicals will inhibit the reduction of ferricytochrome C. In the prescence of R.B.C. cytoplasm this inhibition will be reduced by utilization of the superoxide radical by any superoxide dismutase present in the cytoplasm. 2.3ml. of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) and 0.3ml. of 0.5mM xanthine are well mixed in a 3ml. cuvette. This was maintained at 25°C in a water bath and 0.1 ml. of xanthine oxidase soution whose activity produced an increase in the light absorbance at a rate of 0.020/min was added. In a second cuvette, we added cytoplasmic coenzyme and recorded the change in light absorbtion. We designated 1 unit as that activity which ...

The latest report on the Hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid market closely surveys, examines and offers vital statistics on the Hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid market for the forecast period 2019 - 2026. This market intelligence assessment report weighs up on the potential region that reserves greater opportunities for this industry. Importantly, subject matter experts have taken into account every critical aspect right from the market size, share, and growth to the dramatic shift in the consumer behavior and their growing spending capacity. The industry assessment study depicts a perfectly clear picture of both the past and the future trends to offer the stakeholders, business owners, and marketing executives an opportunity to zero in on an effective marketing strategy and boost sales.. The report relies on advanced primary and secondary research methodologies to assess information. The data for the study is gathered from reliable and trustworthy sources, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy ...

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are important for the growth and early development of the central nervous system. Cholestatic infants suffer from fat malabsorption and disturbed lipid metabolism and therefore may be at risk of developing polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion. The aims of this study were to determine essential fatty acid status in cholestatic infants and to study the relationship to disease severity, degree of undernutrition, antioxidant status and mode of feeding. Twenty-four-hour dietary records were obtained in 34 cholestatic infants, and measurements were taken of skin fold thicknesses, bilirubin levels, activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, prothrombin time, serum concentrations of albumin, bile acids, total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, vitamins A and E, the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and plasma lipid peroxides expressed as thiobarbiturate reactive substance (TBARS). Plasma ...

In addition to participating in the biotransformation of xenobiotics, the GSH peroxidase activity of the microsomal GST catalyzes the reduction of phospholipid hydroperoxides and has been shown to protect membranes from oxidant-induced lipid peroxidative damage (Mosialou and Morgenstern, 1989). Activation of this enzyme by covalent modification of its sole sulfhydryl group (Cys49) is a characteristic that distinguishes the microsomal GST from its cytosolic counterparts. Recently, we found that S-nitrosoglutathione and the NO donor 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine can activate the enzyme via S-nitrosylation of Cys49 (Ji et al., 2002). This implied that alteration of microsomal GST activity could occur under conditions of nitrosative stress; hence, we wished to investigate whether this enzyme could be a target for ONOO−.. A powerful oxidant, ONOO− can react with a range of biological molecules and subsequently cause a number of modifications of cellular structure and function (e.g., ...

High lipid : low dextrose (HL:LD) parenteral admixture (PA) is high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that are sensitive to peroxidation. This study evaluated the antioxidative effect of vitamin E in both HL:LD PA and in obese cats given HL:LD PA. Natural d-á-tocopherol (Vital E-300) was added to HL:LD PA at seven concentrations (8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, or 64 IU/g of lipid). PA were exposed to fluorescent light for 24 hours at room temperature. Hydroperoxides were measured at baseline and 24 hours hang time. Significantly lower hydroperoxide concentrations were found with > 24 IU/g of lipid at baseline (P < 0.01). A higher d-á-tocopherol concentration was required (> 48 IU/g lipid) to lower hydroperoxides at 24 hours (P < 0.0001). HL:LD PA with 40 IU/g lipid/day d-á-tocopherol was delivered intravenously to obese cats (PA Toc+) over 48 hours. Control cats (PA Toc-) received HL:LD PA without a d-á-tocopherol supplementation. Oxidative status of cats was evaluated at baseline and ...

It has been proposed that lipoxygenases, specifically 15-lipoxygenase, may play an important role in promoting the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the artery wall. It is well known that peroxides are unstable in the presence of transition metals, decomposing to form the alkoxy and peroxy radicals, and so initiating lipid peroxidation. To test whether lipoxygenase-derived peroxides may promote the oxidation of LDL in the presence of copper, the lipoprotein was enriched with lipid peroxides derived from the enzymic action of 5- and 15-lipoxygenases on either linoleic or arachidonic acid. All of these products were found to promote oxidation, whereas the related hydroxy fatty acids had no effect. This suggests that lipoxygenase-derived peroxides associated with the LDL particle may promote peroxidation in the presence of a suitable transition metal catalyst. This result has implications both for the mechanism of the potential pro-oxidant action of lipoxygenases in vivo and for the ex ...

Two of the seleno-dependent enzymes Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase (PHGPX) are speculated to play a key-role in the defence of neuronal cells against oxygen radical formation and peroxidative processes. Researchers findings support the hypothesis that the presence of selenium depletion in the brain amongst patients with epilepsy constitutes an important triggering factor for the origin of intractable seizures and subsequent neuronal damage ...

Most often, individuals ignorantly get issues which md diet weight loss and nutrition clinic get worse activity theyre trying to take care of; obviously, its quite ironical which normally somebody would seemingly get a dried-out pores and skin ointment that comprises things that could make her pores and skin dried up. Were unable to offer private health advice, however we have partnered with trusted telehealth provider Amwell, who can join you with a doctor. Ive all the time been constipated (not that I have to let you know) and since I started incorporating quinoa in my diet, I started becoming common. Selection: Wed like varieties of various foods and xlinic diversified meals intake can ensure balanced diet. Weeight are some issues its best loxs know before starting such program. Vitamin E acts synergistically with selenium for antioxidant protection of the lens by preventing the formation of lipoperoxides. Going by chemotherapy therapy is usually a very troublesome time. We all need to ...

Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been observed in cancer cells, known as the Warburg effect (20). Decades of research implicated the important roles of mitochondrial abnormalities contributing to tumorigenesis, including mitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, loss of p53, and aberrant expression of metabolic enzymes. Many studies have shown that cancer cells tend to have elevated levels of ROS, compared with normal cells (21). Even though the exact mechanisms of the ROS generation in cancer cells are not clear, we and others proposed mitochondrial dysfunction, such as mitochondrial mutations or the imbalance of redox system, as one of the plausible reasons (5, 10, 22, 23).. Among all the targets ROS could impact, lipid peroxidation is particularly harmful because it facilitates the propagation of free radical reactions. Lipid peroxidation has been reported in numerous human cancers (24-26). We previously presented data that lymphoblastoid cells derived from CS/CSL patient with SDHx ...

Christopher Ramsden, M.D., Chief The central theme of the Lipid Peroxidation Unit (LPU) is to delineate the roles of lipid peroxidation and lipid-related degeneration in age-related diseases, with an emphasis on chronic pain and neurodegenerative diseases. Background Lipid peroxidation is a hallmark of aging and many of the most consequential age-related diseases, including chronic pain and neurodegenerative diseases. Research Objectives

Calcium Peroxide Market Is Likely To Attain A Market …. The competitive outlook assessment provides an in-depth understanding related to the business proceeding of top-tier market players in the global Calcium Peroxide market. The product portfolio, sales strategy, marketing & promotional strategy, and sales footprint of each market player is scrutinized thoroughly in the report.. Peroxide - Wikipedia. Peroxides are a group of compounds with the structure R−O−O−R.[1] The O−O group in a peroxide is called the peroxide group or peroxo group. In contrast to oxide ions, the oxygen atoms in the peroxide ion have an oxidation state of −1. The most common peroxide is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), colloquially known simply as peroxide. It is Pierce™ Quantitative Peroxide Assay Kit (Aqueous. The Thermo Scientific Pierce Quantitative Peroxide Assay Kit (aqueous-compatible formulation) detects and measures hydrogen peroxide levels in biological samples using an iron and xylenol orange (XO) ...

Glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme which reduced lipid hydroperoxides into their corresponding alcohols. It also reduces free hydrogen peroxide in to water. In vivo it i

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Abcam provides general protocols for Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay Kit (Colorimetric/Fluorometric) (ab118970). Please download our pdf protocol booklet

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