MICROLARYNGOSCOPY. What is a Microlaryngoscopy?. Laryngoscopy is a procedure that allows your physician to look at your larynx (voice box) using a laryngoscope. Micro refers to getting a very close (magnified) view of the area to see every tiny detail. This can be done with a special telescope or operating microscope.. What are the indications for Microlaryngoscopy?. Microlaryngoscopy is especially useful for conditions in which evaluation or treatment of the vocal cords or immediate surrounding airway needs to be performed. Problems involving the VOCAL CORDS result in varying degrees of HOARSENESS, breathing or speech abnormalities, and laryngoscopy is commonly used to evaluate these symptoms. Microlaryngoscopy gives the surgeon the ability to view the larynx in detail. This is vitally important because minute (very small) changes can produce large changes in a persons voice.. What is involved with Microlaryngoscopy?. Microlaryngoscopy does not usually require an overnight stay in the ...
Four different maneuvers-simple direct laryngoscopy without any assistance (control), simple direct laryngoscopy with mandibular advancement, simple direct laryngoscopy with the BURP maneuver, and simple direct laryngoscopy with the combination of mandibular advancement and the BURP maneuver-were performed in each subject (fig. 1). First, simple direct laryngoscopy was attempted with maximum efforts to visualize the larynx; visibility of the larynx was evaluated by means of the Cormack-Lehane classification system. We defined the Cormack-Lehane grade as follows: I = most of the glottis is visible; II = the posterior commissure is visible; III = no part of the glottis can be seen except the epiglottis; IV = not even the epiglottis can be seen. 7 If the visualization of the glottis was categorized as Cormack-Lehane grade I, the pillow was removed and direct laryngoscopy was reattempted. If the visualization of the larynx was still categorized as Cormack-Lehane grade I even with this treatment, the ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Neonatal intubation with direct laryngoscopy vs videolaryngoscopy. T2 - An extremely premature baboon model. AU - Moreira, Alvaro. AU - Koele-Schmidt, Lindsey. AU - Leland, Michelle. AU - Seidner, Steven. AU - Blanco, Cynthia. PY - 2014/8. Y1 - 2014/8. N2 - Objective To compare the ability to successfully intubate extremely preterm baboons using conventional direct laryngoscopy (DL) vs videolaryngoscopy. Methods A prospective randomized crossover study using experienced and inexperienced neonatal intubators. All participants were shown an educational video on intubation with each device, followed by attempt of the procedure. The time for successful intubation was the primary outcome. Results Seven subjects comprised the experienced group, while 10 individuals were in the inexperienced group. The overall intubation success rate was comparable between both devices (53% vs 26%, P = 0.09); however, mean time to intubate with the conventional laryngoscope was faster (25.5 vs 39.4 s, P ...
To the Editor:--Teaching direct laryngoscopy to the novice may be associated with anxiety for both instructor and student. This can be attributed partly to the fact that the instructor cannot see what the laryngoscopist is (or is not) visualizing during the procedure. In an effort to solve this problem, we used a newly developed direct laryngoscopy video system, the Airway Cam (Airway Cam Technologies, New York, NY), which may be purchased from the manufacturer for approximately $6,000. The system consists of a headframe-mounted miniature camera (11-mm lens with 90 degrees prism) connected to a video monitor. The frame is placed on the head, and the camera is adjusted until it is adjacent to the laryngoscopists dominant eye (direct laryngoscopy is a monocular procedure; Figure 1). In this position, the camera allows the instructor and the student to view the entire laryngoscopy procedure, from insertion of the laryngoscope to placement of the endotracheal tube. Importantly, the instructor can ...
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Indirect laryngoscopy allows practitioners to see around the corner of a patients airway during intubation. Inadequate airway management is a major contributor to patient injury, morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the video quality of commercially available video laryngoscopy systems. A team of four investigators at the University of Nebraska at Omaha and the Peter Kiewit Institute performed intubation simulations using a number of video laryngoscopy systems. Testing was done with a Laerdal Difficult Airway Manikin (Laerdal Medical Corp., Wappingers Falls, NY) in a setting that simulated difficult airways, adverse lighting conditions and various system configurations (e.g., maximizing screen contrast, minimizing screen brightness, maximizing screen color hue, etc.). Systems included the STORZ C-MACTM (KARL STORZ Endoscopy, Tuttlingen, Germany), a prototype developed by STORZ (a McIntosh #3 video blade with USB connectivity to an ultra mobile PC; UMPC) ...
Indirect laryngoscopy and flexible laryngoscopies often are performed in the doctors office, usually using local anesthetic. They usually take only 5 to 10 minutes.. Indirect laryngoscopy will require your child to sit up straight in a high-backed chair with a headrest and open his or her mouth wide. The doctor will spray the throat with an anesthetic or numbing medication (which your child will gargle and spit out), then cover the tongue with gauze and hold it down.. The doctor will hold up a warm mirror to the back of the throat and, with a light attached to his or her headgear, will tilt the mirror to view various areas of the throat. Your child may be asked to make high-pitched or low-pitched sounds so that the doctor can view the larynx and see the vocal cords move. Flexible laryngoscopy uses a flexible laryngoscope (a thin, flexible instrument that lights and magnifies images) for a better view of the larynx and vocal cords.. This might be done in an operating room under general ...
Laryngoscopy is examination of the throat using a small flexible camera, or endoscope. Laryngoscopy provides a view of the throat while a patient is performing normal actions such as breathing, speaking, coughing and swallowing.. Laryngoscopy may be performed through the nose or through the mouth.. Laryngoscopy through the nose uses a small thin endoscope. This is carefully passed through the nose, and then down behind the palate to examine the throat and larynx.. This may also be called flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy or distal chip endoscopy - both of these procedures are the same in terms of what a patient feels. The difference is the technology in the camera or endoscope used for the examination.. Laryngoscopy through the mouth may use a rigid angled telescope. A patient is seated in a sniffing position with the chin and face forward as if smelling a flower. The examiner holds the patients tongue and the endoscope is placed through the mouth. Images are recorded and portrayed on a ...
Predicting difficult airway continues to be problematic for even the most seasoned of anesthesiologists. In our study, the resident class will be our sample population. The residents will be randomly assigned into two groups: the experimental group will be utilizing the new preoperative airway assessment form and the control group will be utilizing the standard anesthesia record. Simultaneously, a subset of our anesthesia experts will also be assessing patients preoperatively. The five areas of difficult airway management will be considered: difficult mask ventilation, difficult supraglottic airway, difficult laryngoscopy, difficult intubation, and difficult surgical airway.. According to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, the incidence of intubation has remained stable throughout the 1980s and 1990s despite attempts to predict its occurrence. Many of these cases were considered to be preventable; therefore, a better prediction of and preparation for difficult airway management may lead ...
Awake video laryngoscopy is a novel option in airway management that is drawing more and more attention as an alternative to awake endoscopic guided intubation.Main issues: Intubation under preserved spontaneous breathing is the safest method to secure the expected difficult airway. In direct comparisons to awake flexible endoscopic intubation, awake videolaryngoscopy achieves satisfactory intubation times and a high acceptance of patients and anesthesiologists. Specific cases, in particular very limited mouth opening or sub-glottic masses, require awake flexible endoscopic intubation. Sufficient topical anesthesia and a sophisticated sedation protocol are prerequisites for successful awake video laryngoscopy.. ...
The debate Direct laryngoscopes should be consigned to history, was hosted by The Royal College Of Anaesthetists and carried out by our two guests on this piece.. Here we get into the advantages and challenges behind the two techniques; video laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy. The conversation explores the fact that these skills are a key part of the job of practitioners, are we de-skilling the profession in an overly enthusiastic race toward new technology or are some resisting it simply because its not what they are used to?. Where do you stand on this fascinating debate? Send us your thoughts on email: [email protected]. Presented by Joff Lacey and Monty Mythen with their two guests; Professor Tim Cook, Consultant in Anaesthesia and ICM, Royal United Hospitals, Bath and Dr William Harrop-Griffiths, St Marys Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.. ...
Direct laryngoscopy refers to viewing the larynx directly, in a straight line, through a hollow, lighted tube, with the patient typically under general anesthesia. Indirect laryngoscopy refers to visualization of the larynx with the patient sitting in a chair, by using a mirror, fiberscope, videoendoscope, or laryngeal telescope more in the manner of a perisocope that looks around the corner - in this case, the base of the tongue.. ...
Tracheal intubation is one of the most common medical procedures performed in hospitals. On one hand, it is highly successful and easy to perform using a rigid laryngoscope. On the other hand, hypoxic brain damage and death may result rapidly if it is unsuccessful.
Authors: Aziz MF et al., Anesth Analg 2015 Nov 17;. In patients with predicted difficult airways intubated in the operating room, the GlideScope had a higher first-attempt intubation success rate than the C-MAC D-Blade.. Video laryngoscopy (VL) improves intubation success in patients with predicted difficult airways primarily by ensuring glottic visualization. While VL with acute-angled devices has been compared to direct laryngoscopy, there is little information about the clinical equipoise between different hypercurved blades in this setting.. In a noninferiority trial, investigators in three academic hospitals randomized 1100 adult patients undergoing general anesthesia who had markers of intubation difficulty (Mallampati class III or IV, reduced mouth opening, or large neck circumference) to VL with either a GlideScope or C-MAC D-blade. The study was funded by the maker of the C-MAC. Patients with unstable cervical spine fractures or history of previous failed airways were excluded. ...
Looking for laryngoscopies? Find out information about laryngoscopies. A tubular instrument, combining a light system and a telescopic system, used in the visualization of the interior larynx and adaptable for diagnostic,... Explanation of laryngoscopies
TY - JOUR. T1 - Predictors of difficult videolaryngoscopy with GlideScope® or C-MAC® with D-blade. T2 - Secondary analysis from a large comparative videolaryngoscopy trial. AU - Aziz, M. F.. AU - Bayman, E. O.. AU - Van Tienderen, M. M.. AU - Todd, M. M.. AU - Brambrink, A. M.. AU - Asai, T.. AU - Abrons, Ron O.. AU - Cattano, Davide. AU - Swanson, David E.. AU - Hagberg, Carin A.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2016 The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. All rights reserved.. PY - 2016/7/1. Y1 - 2016/7/1. N2 - Background Tracheal intubation using acute-angle videolaryngoscopy achieves high success rates, but is not without difficulty. We aimed to determine predictors of difficult videolaryngoscopy. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a data set (n=1100) gathered from a multicentre prospective randomized controlled trial of patients for whom difficult direct laryngoscopy was anticipated and who were intubated with one of ...
Bulatovic R, Taneja R. In Response to Videolaryngoscopy as a new standard of care. Zaouter C, Calderon J, Hemmerling TM. Br J Anaesth. 2015. 114(2):181-183.. Dear sir,. We read with interest Dr. Zauters editorial on the evolving role of videolaryngoscopy in anesthestic care (1). Overall we do agree with the authors that videolaryngoscopes will and should be available freely in the foreseeable future. As anesthetists working in a teaching hospital, we already note that residents often choose these as their first-choice for laryngoscopy in anticipated difficult intubations.. However, with increasing availability of new technology such as this, we must acknowledge that trainees will progressively lose their skills with conventional laryngoscopy. This may have safety implications for patients needing anaesthesia in remote locations where videolaryngoscopy may not be the norm. Hence, our younger colleagues having to provide anaesthetic services in such settings may find themselves underprepared or ...
Video laryngoscope can be used for teaching by Core Faculty. The novice intubator can still perfect their craft at direct laryngoscopy while the supervisor/teacher is watching the Process of handling the tongue, epiglottoscopy and tube delivery via the McGrath monitor. Win win for both parties involved.
Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of five ultrasound measurements to predict a difficult laryngoscopy (DL). Prospective observational
Laryngoscopy involves a series of unnatural movements and hand-eye skills that are not easily learned while simultaneously caring for a dying patient. The Paper Throat is a low fidelity but high yield direct laryngoscopy training tool that is easily assembled and practiced. The hope is that routine use will generate laryngoscopy muscle memory so that training providers can focus on other aspects of airway management when called upon to intubate IRL.. Conceived and produced by Jonas Pologe.. ...
In summary, this case series demonstrates that the Airtraq offers an alternate approach to securing the difficult airway where attempts to do so by conventional direct laryngoscopy have failed. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Dexmedetomidine premedication. T2 - Effect on pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation. AU - Vishwanath, Padmini. AU - Rao, Rammoorthi. AU - Vasudevarao, Sunil Baikadi. PY - 2020/4/1. Y1 - 2020/4/1. N2 - OBJECTIVE: Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl are used to attenuate the sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Aim is to study and compare the attenuation of haemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and intubation. METHODS: 60 ASA Class 1 & 2 patients aged between 18-80 years, posted for elective surgeries were randomized into two groups. GROUP C-Premedication with 2 mcg/kg Fentanyl and GROUP D-premedication with 1 mcg/kg Dexmedetomidine + 2mcg/kg Fentanyl. Both groups were preloaded with 10ml/kg crystalloid solution. The parameters measured were propofol dose requirement for induction, heart rate(HR), SBP,DBP and MAP(mean arterial pressure). RESULTS: Propofol requirements were 26.6% lesser in Group D (P,0.000 HS). There was a initial rise of HR during intubation ...
In anesthesia, the Mallampati score or Mallampati classification, named after the Indian-born American anaesthesiologist Seshagiri Mallampati, is used to predict the ease of endotracheal intubation. The test comprises a visual assessment of the distance from the tongue base to the roof of the mouth, and therefore the amount of space in which there is to work. It is an indirect way of assessing how difficult an intubation will be; this is more definitively scored using the Cormack-Lehane classification system, which describes what is actually seen using direct laryngoscopy during the intubation process itself. A high Mallampati score (class 3 or 4) is associated with more difficult intubation as well as a higher incidence of sleep apnea. The score is assessed by asking the patient, in a sitting posture, to open his or her mouth and to protrude the tongue as much as possible. The anatomy of the oral cavity is visualized; specifically, the assessor notes whether the base of the uvula, faucial ...
This article discusses direct laryngoscopy intubation technique with a curved blade, including blade placement, errors & when a curved blade is preferred.
Rincon-Valenzuela DA, Eslava-Schmalbach J, Rodriguez-Malagon N. Ephedrine for shortening the time to achieve excellent intubation conditions during direct laryngoscopy in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD009680. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009680. ...
BACKGROUND: With improvements in endoscopic and interventional radiologic therapies, insertion of gastroesophageal balloon tamponade catheters, commonly known as Sengstaken-Blakemore or Minnesota tubes, is a rarely performed procedure for esophageal or gastric variceal bleeding. In small hospitals or freestanding emergency departments, endoscopic or interventional radiology (IR) therapies might not be available, so patients with exsanguinating variceal bleeding must be stabilized or temporized for transport to larger hospitals. Occasionally, tamponade devices are necessary as a rescue therapy for failed endoscopic or IR therapies or can be used as definitive therapy in select cases. In addition to being rarely performed, there are multiple technical complications associated with blind insertion of tamponade catheters. DISCUSSION: We describe a novel use of indirect laryngoscopy using a Glidescope for assisting in placement of a Minnesota tube in 4 patients with exsanguinating esophageal bleeding.
KARL STORZ has made difficult airway management even easier with its fifth generation of C-MAC® video laryngoscopy systems. Its elliptical tapering dBL
In preparation for intubation, many attendings, upon seeing my eager, young face, steer the Glidescope in my direction. I discovered a little bit of confidence is a dangerous thing when the airway is involved; thus, I love having this tool powered up and ready. Its perfect for airways during chest compressions/resuscitation and many difficult airways. Like the faithful bougie, I like to have a fiberoptic device at the bedside during an ETI. However, it seems that many physicians think one should learn to intubate solely with video laryngoscopy but in my limited experience, I have run into occasional problems where I converted from VL to DL with immediate success. Of note, however, I wasnt taught any specific set of skills for VL. ...
We are pleased to launch a new landing page on Universal Video Laryngoscopy (UVL) and the role the i-view™ video laryngoscope can play in helping those looking to move towards more routine use of video laryngoscopy (VL) in their hospital or organisation ...
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Examination of the voice box can be done with a flexible scope passed through the nose. This examination can be done in the office.. If a rigid scope is used, the examination is done either in the office or in the operating room. This type of scope is passed through the mouth.. While office evaluations are good for evaluating most forms of hoarseness, a rigid examination allows a better, more magnified view of most vocal cord abnormalities and what might be required to treat the problem. Treatment of vocal cord growths, swallowing problems, or voice box masses is best evaluated by a rigid scope examination.. Flexible voice box examination (laryngoscopy) is done in the office with topical anesthesia. The examination is usually done with the child sitting upright. The examination takes less than 5 minutes to complete. Risks for this type of procedure are minimal, with the most common risk being a nosebleed.. Rigid laryngoscopy is done in the operating room with the child asleep with a mask placed ...
This pilot study describes augmented reality-assisted video laryngoscopy and evaluates its effect on the intubation proficiency of novice providers in a simulation environment
The practice of Otorhinolaryngology involves diagnosis, medical treatment and surgical intervention for a variety of problems, conditions or diseases affecting the ear, nose and throat as well as related areas of the neck, head and face
TY - JOUR. T1 - Shoulder and head elevation improves laryngoscopic view for tracheal intubation in nonobese as well as obese individuals. AU - Lebowitz, Philip W.. AU - Shay, Hamilton. AU - Straker, Tracey. AU - Rubin, Daniel. AU - Bodner, Scott. PY - 2012/3. Y1 - 2012/3. N2 - Study Objective: To determine whether shoulder and head elevation, such that the patients ear lies at or higher than the sternum (ramp), improves laryngoscopic grade in adult patients of various body mass index (BMI) values. Design: Prospective, unblinded study, with patients and laryngoscopists acting as their own controls. Setting: Operating room of a university-affiliated hospital. Patients: 189 adult ASA physical status 1, 2, and 3 patients. Interventions: After performing a standard preoperative airway evaluation and inducing general anesthesia, the anesthetist performed and graded two laryngoscopies: one in the ramp position and one in the sniff position. Measurements: Patient BMI, Mallampati airway class, ...
Bronchoscopy and laryngoscopy are two procedures done to look at the air passages and the lungs. Your childs doctor will pass a small, lighted tube into the air passages after your child is asleep. A bronchoscopy is done to look at the windpipe and lower air passages. A laryngoscopy is done to look at the vocal cords and the back of the throat.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of (18)F-FDG-PET as first-line diagnostic investigation, prior to performing a direct laryngoscopy with biopsy under general anesthesia, in patients suspected of recurrent laryngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 150 patients suspected of recurrent T2-4 laryngeal carcinoma at least two months after prior (chemo)radiotherapy with curative intent for resectable disease were randomized to direct laryngoscopy (CWU: conventional workup strategy) or to (18)F-FDG-PET only followed by direct laryngoscopy if PET was assessed positive or equivocal (PWU: PET based workup strategy), to compare the effectiveness of these strategies ...
Laryngoscopy is an endoscopic procedure in which a special instrument with a tiny camera is used to view the anatomy of the voice box.
Video-assisted laryngoscopy (VL) is being used increasingly in adult, paediatric and neonatal populations although its use has not been extensively studied in a neonatal setting. The authors experiences on the neonatal unit suggested that there is increased team confidence around tube or catheter placement and intubation is more successful when trainee and trainer are able to view the procedure using a video screen. This article outlines a study that looks at this theory ...
In the past two decades, airway management has been revolutionized by the development of video laryngoscopy, hyperangulated blade geometry, optical stylets, laryngeal masks, and a host of advances in airway pharmacology and technique. The core skill of airway management, however, remains laryngoscopy, whether or not the operator uses a blade with a camera at the end. In this presentation, we break down laryngoscopy into its discrete components and describe best practice technique at each step. We will start by describing common mistakes made in patient positioning; proposing a set of parameters the provider can use to guide positioning that is optimal for laryngoscopy, including the configuration of the patient in the bed, the bed height and head elevation, as well as provider stance. We then move into the effect of laryngoscope grip on operator catecholamine management and describe the optimal laryngoscope grip for emergency airway management. We next confront one of the core principles of RSI, ...
Introduction:. Mans curiosity to visualize the larynx dates back to before Garcias contribution to the field of laryngoscopy. Benjamin Guy Babington, Ludwig Turck, Johann Czermak, Morell Mackenzie, Hans Kuhn, Robert Miller, Robert Macintosh, Adolf Kussmaul have all significantly contributed to laryngoscopy.1-4 In 1890s, working with a tubed esophagoscope modified from a urethroscope, Kirstein noted that if the scope intended for the esophagus accidentally slipped into the larynx and trachea, an excellent view could be obtained. Therefore, in 1895, Kirstein began developing a reproducible method to view the larynx directly. Initially, Kirstein used a 25 cm tubed esophagoscope with the upper incisors serving as a fulcrum. This allowed Kirstein to displace the base of the tongue and epiglottis anteriorly with the tip of the scope. Kirsteins practice of direct laryngoscopy was termed Autoscopy. Historical accounts depict Kirstein performing autoscopy from in front of the patient with the ...
Methods: After getting approval from ethics committee and consent form from each patients 120 patients with age between 18-65 years of ASA-I, II grade were included in the study. They were divided into two groups. Group A was underwent with tracheal intubation with the Macintosh blade (size 3 blade and size 4) and group B with AWS (Pentax) video laryngoscope. The time taken to perform endotracheal intubation and haemodynamic changes associated with intubation were noted in both the groups at different time points ...
DIFFICULT AIRWAY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT. BY DR AZHAR. DEFFINATION. American society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) suggested that when sign of inadequate ventilation could not be reversed by mask ventilation or oxygen saturation could not be maintained above 90% or Slideshow 6692940 by...
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With the help of a specialist doctor and an opera singer, Sophie Scott investigates how the different parts of the voice box come together to create the human voice. Watch the full lecture ...
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Endotracheal Intubation, Laryngoscopy, Direct Laryngoscopy, Video Laryngoscopy, Post-intubation Management, Post-Intubation Cardiac Arrest, BURP Maneuver.
Direct laryngoscopy, the technique commonly used for endotracheal intubation, depends on extension of the head at the atlantooccipital joint to align the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal axes...
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Nasal laryngoscopy, Laryngeal Exam, Nasopharyngoscopy, Rhinolaryngoscopy, Nasolaryngoscopy, Nasolaryngoscope, Laryngeal Lesion, Vocal Fold Lesion.
A modified version of the Cormack and Lehane scoring system was prospectively evaluated in 663 patients requiring tracheal intubation. In the modified system, grade 2 (only part of the glottis visible) was divided into 2a (part of the cords visible) and 2b (only the arytenoids or the very posterior …
We identified 22 trials on use of a pre-procedure check-list (1 study), pre-oxygenation or apneic oxygenation (6 studies), sedatives (3 studies), neuromuscular blocking agents (1 study), patient positioning (1 study), video laryngoscopy (9 studies), and post-intubation lung recruitment (1 study). Pre-oxygenation with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and/or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) showed a possible beneficial role. Post-intubation recruitment improved oxygenation while ramped position increased the number of intubation attempts and thiopental had negative hemodynamic effects. No effect was found for use of a checklist, apneic oxygenation (on oxygenation and hemodynamics), videolaryngoscopy (on number and length of intubation attempts), sedatives and neuromuscular blockers (on hemodynamics). Finally, videolaryngoscopy was associated with severe adverse effects in multiple trials ...
Looking for online definition of direct laryngoscopy in the Medical Dictionary? direct laryngoscopy explanation free. What is direct laryngoscopy? Meaning of direct laryngoscopy medical term. What does direct laryngoscopy mean?
BACKGROUND Hypertension often occurs after tracheal intubation using a Macintosh laryngoscope and may lead to rare but serious complications. The Macintosh laryngoscope may increase the incidence of hypertension because it requires forced alignment of the oral and pharyngeal axes in order to view the glottis. In contrast, the McGRATH MAC video laryngoscope does not require this manipulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of hypertension after tracheal intubation using a McGRATH laryngoscope compared with a Macintosh laryngoscope. METHODS Data of 360 consecutive patients who underwent general anesthesia with tracheal intubation by Macintosh laryngoscope or McGRATH video laryngoscope were obtained retrospectively. A total of 16 variables including patient characteristics, anesthetic drug used, and intubation techniques were extracted as potential factors affecting the incidence of hypertension after intubation. The incidence of hypertension after tracheal intubation was
Press Release issued Oct 5, 2016: Laryngoscopy is the technique of examining the anatomical structures of larynx, throat and the vocal cords with the help of the instrument known as laryngoscope. Video Laryngoscopy is a method of observing and recording movement of the vocal cords and larynx. Laryngoscopy can be performed in direct laryngoscopy and indirect laryngoscopy. Direct laryngoscopy involve placing of tube (laryngoscope) in the back of the throat which assists the doctor to examine the throat and remove the foreign body or infected tissue for biopsy. Laryngoscopy with strobe light includes the usage of strobe light which provides the doctor more clear image and information about the voice box. The process of tissue removal is generally done after the administration of anesthesia. Indirect laryngoscopy particularly includes visualization of vocal cords, upper tracheal rings and larynx.
TY - GEN. T1 - Intubation success rates and perceived user satisfaction using the video laryngoscope to train deploying far forward combat medical personnel. AU - Boedeker, Ben H.. AU - Barak-Bernhagen, Mary A.. AU - Boedeker, Kirsten A.. AU - Murray, W. Bosseau. PY - 2011/1/1. Y1 - 2011/1/1. N2 - Studies show the video laryngoscope enhances intubation training by facilitating visualization of airway anatomy. We examined the performance and training of military healthcare providers in a brief intubation training course which included both direct and indirect (video) laryngoscopy. This training format with the video laryngoscope improved airway visualization and intubation performance, promoting increased trainee confidence levels for successful intubation. Web-based training paired with hands-on instruction with the video laryngoscope should be considered as a model for military basic airway management training.. AB - Studies show the video laryngoscope enhances intubation training by ...
Press Release issued Jan 20, 2017: Video laryngoscope device is used to view anatomical structure of the larynx for detailed examination. The visualization of the larynx is done with a digital laryngoscope or fiber optic inserted transorally or transnasally. The images are recorded for a more detailed examination. Larynx examination can be performed by indirect laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy. Direct laryngoscopy includes setting of tube (laryngoscope) in the back of the throat which helps the specialist to inspect the throat and eliminate the contaminated tissue for biopsy. The process of tissue removal (biopsy) is normally done after the administration of anesthesia. Indirect laryngoscopy predominantly includes visualization of upper tracheal rings, vocal cords, and larynx. Growing awareness among healthcare professionals about technologically advanced video laryngoscopes and its advantages over traditional laryngoscopes are helping in expanded use beyond hospital settings which are the factors
TY - JOUR. T1 - Assessment of the storz video macintosh laryngoscope for use in difficult airways. T2 - A human simulator study. AU - Bair, Aaron E. AU - Olmsted, Kalani. AU - Brown, Calvin A.. AU - Barker, Tobias. AU - Pallin, Daniel. AU - Walls, Ron M.. PY - 2010/10. Y1 - 2010/10. N2 - Objectives: Video laryngoscopy has been shown to improve glottic exposure when compared to direct laryngoscopy in operating room studies. However, its utility in the hands of emergency physicians (EPs) remains undefined. A simulated difficult airway was used to determine if intubation by EPs using a video Macintosh system resulted in an improved glottic view, was easier, was faster, or was more successful than conventional direct laryngoscopy. Methods: Emergency medicine (EM) residents and attending physicians at two academic institutions performed endotracheal intubation in one normal and two identical difficult airway scenarios. With the difficult scenarios, the participants used video laryngoscopy during the ...
Santoni BG, et al. Manual In-Line Stabilization Increases Pressures Applied by the Laryngoscope Blade During Direct Laryngoscopy and Orotracheal Intubation. Anesthesiology 2009;110(1):24.. * Thiboutot F, et al. Effect of Manual In-Line Stabilization of the Cervical Spine in Adults on the Rate of Difficult Orotracheal Intubation by Direct Laryngoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Can J Anesth 2009;56(6):412.. * Turner CR, et al. Motion of a Cadaver Model of Cervical Injury During Endotracheal Intubation with a Bullard Laryngoscope or a Macintosh Blade with and without In-Line Stabilization. J Trauma 2009;67(1):61.. * Bathory I, et al. Evaluation of the Glidescope for Tracheal Intubation in Patients with Cervical Spine Immobilization by a Semi-Rigid Collar. Anaesthesia 2009;64(12):1337.. All these articles are more evidence that patients in cervical precautions present difficult airways: Manual in-line stabilization (MILS) of the cervical spine significantly impairs direct laryngoscopy (DL) ...
BACKGROUND:This retrospective study was conducted at a single center in China and aimed to compare rocuronium with succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation in the Emergency Department of a hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS:An orotracheal intubation procedure was performed in a total of 267 patients by direct laryngoscopy using an intravenous bolus injection of 1 mg/kg of succinylcholine (n=141; SY group) or 1.2 mg/kg of rocuronium (n=126; RM group) for a rapid sequence induction in the emergency department. The success of orotracheal intubation was evaluated by a capnography curve. The modified Cormack-Lehane score was used to grade the direct laryngoscopy. RESULTS:There was no statistically significant difference in numbers of patients with successful first-attempt orotracheal intubation between the groups (112 vs. 87, P=0.067). Fewer intubation failures under direct laryngoscopy were reported in the SY group than in the RM group (23 [16%] vs. 34 [27%], P=0.037). The number of intubation
TY - JOUR. T1 - Incidence and associated factors of difficult tracheal intubations in pediatric ICUs. T2 - a report from National Emergency Airway Registry for Children: NEAR4KIDS. AU - Graciano, Ana Lia. AU - Tamburro, Robert. AU - Thompson, Ann E.. AU - Fiadjoe, John. AU - Nadkarni, Vinay M.. AU - Nishisaki, Akira. PY - 2014/10/15. Y1 - 2014/10/15. N2 - Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and associated risk factors of difficult tracheal intubations (TI) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).Methods: Using the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS), TI quality improvement data were prospectively collected for initial TIs in 15 PICUs from July 2010 to December 2011. Difficult pediatric TI was defined as TIs by direct laryngoscopy which failed or required more than two laryngoscopy attempts by fellow/attending-level physician providers.Results: A total of 1,516 oral TIs were reported with a median age of 2 years. A total of 97 % of patients were intubated with direct ...
SOURCE. Roth D, Pace NL, Lee A, et al.(2018). Airway physical examination tests for detection of difficult airway management in apparently normal adult patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev5:CD008874. CONTEXT. The airway is a crucial component in the management of unconscious, anaesthetised or sedated patients.Insufficient ventilation or difficult intubation are detriments to health and difficult to predict, even in patients without anatomical pathologies or abnormalities of the upper airways.. Difficulty in airway management is defined by the presence of one of these criteria: difficult mask ventilation, difficult direct laryngoscopy, difficult tube insertion or failure of tracheal intubation.. Several quick bedside tests exist and can be used to identify high risk for difficult airways.. CLINICAL QUESTION. What is the most appropriate clinical screening test to predict difficult airway in adults without obvious airway abnormalities?. BOTTOM LINE. For difficult direct laryngoscopy, the upper lip ...
Orotracheal intubation following general anesthesia requires blades to be performed. The risk of patients contamination with infectious agents related to reusable metal blades leads to promote single-use blades. Some of these latter are plastic and this material may need more strength to lift the jaw and expose the larynx before orotracheal intubation. Sometimes, change of blade, from plastic to metal, during the procedure is necessary to increase the larynx exposure. This change of blade may increase the frequency of sore throat following orotracheal intubation.. Consequently, the study hypothesis is an increase of both sore throat intensity and frequency with the plastic blades compared with the metal blades.. The primary purpose of the present study is to compare the impact of these two types of blades, metal versus plastic, on sore throat intensity and frequency following scheduled orotracheal intubation for general anesthesia ...
The Welch Allyn English MacIntosh Laryngoscope Blade, Size 1 (Model 69241) is the smart choice. Key Components: English MacIntosh Laryngoscope Bla
Securing the airway by tracheal intubation with direct laryngoscopy (DL) is an established and preferred technique in emergency settings and clinical anaesthesia practice. The limitations of DL are well known. To achieve a learning curve with a 90% probability of performing a successful intubation, more than 57 attempts are required to develop enough experience with the technique.1 2 To obtain optimal visualisation of the glottis, DL requires alignment of the oropharyngeal-laryngeal axes.. However, the first-pass success rate of intubation in emergency settings ranges from 40% to 80%,3-7 in intensive care units from 55% to 68%8-10 and in the operating room from 63% to 85%.11-14 Several studies have shown a correlation between increased complications and more than two intubation attempts.15-17 Indirect video laryngoscopy has become a widely accepted method for learning the techniques of airway management because it enables an optimised view of the glottis without a direct line of sight.18-20 ...
Objectives: To compare TruView EVO2 video laryngoscope (VL) and Macintosh laryngoscope (ML) as regards their success rates in difficult intubation, hemodynamic response and postoperative complications. ...
Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the laryngeal view in Airtraq and Macintosh laryngoscopes. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted on hospitalized patients at Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital who were candidate for elective surgery with general anesthesia. One anesthesiologist evaluated and recorded glottis view with Macintosh laryngoscopy ...
Authors: Hoshijima H et al., Anaesthesia 2014 May 13;. A meta-analysis showed superior laryngeal view with the Pentax AWS but no other differences in performance.. To compare performance of the Pentax Airway Scope (AWS) video laryngoscope and the Macintosh direct laryngoscope, researchers performed a meta-analysis of 17 randomized, controlled trials involving 1800 adults undergoing oral or nasal tracheal intubation. Each study was classified as involving patients with either anticipated difficult or normal airways, based on patient characteristics, including morbid obesity, cervical spine immobilization, history of obstructive sleep apnea, and predicted difficult intubation (thyromental distance ,6 cm, Mallampati class 3-4); nine trials involved difficult airways.. Whereas the Pentax AWS offered a superior glottic view, there were no differences in other outcomes, including rate of successful first pass intubation, intubation time, and rate of oral or pharyngeal injury - irrespective of airway ...
Lim, T.J., Liu, E.H.C., Lim, Y. (2005). Evaluation of ease of intubation with the GlideScope® or Macintosh laryngoscope by anaesthetists in simulated easy and difficult laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia 60 (2) : 180-183. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.04038. ...
BackgroundThe incidence of difficult intubation in patients undergoing general anaesthesia is estimated to be approximately 1-18% whereas that of failure to intubate is 0.05-0.35%.1,2,3 Various methods have been used for prediction of difficult laryngoscopy. Although, upper lip bite has been shown to be a promising test in its introductory article, repeated validation in various populations is required for any test to be accepted as a routine test. We have compared upper lip bite test (ULBT), modified Mallampati test (MMC) and thyromental distance (TMD) individually and in various combinations to verify which of these predictor tests are significantly associated with difficult glottic exposure.MethodsAfter obtaining institutional ethics committee approval, 402 ASA I and II adult patients undergoing elective surgical procedures requiring endotracheal intubation were included. All the three test were performed in all the patients preoperatively and their glottic exposure was recorded by ...
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LOWMAN, W; VENTER, L e SCRIBANTE, J. Bacterial contamination of re-usable laryngoscope blades during the course of daily anaesthetic practice. SAMJ, S. Afr. med. j. [online]. 2013, vol.103, n.6, pp.386-389. ISSN 2078-5135.. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are largely preventable through risk analysis and modification of practice. Anaesthetic practice plays a limited role in the prevention of HAIs, although laryngoscope use and decontamination is an area of concern. We aimed to assess the level of microbial contamination of re-usable laryngoscope blades at a public hospital in South Africa. SETTING: The theatre complex of a secondary-level public hospital in Johannesburg. METHODS: Blades from two different theatres were sampled twice daily, using a standardised technique, over a 2-week period. Samples were quantitatively assessed for microbial contamination, and stratified by area on blade, theatre and time using Fishers exact test. RESULTS: A contamination rate of ...
Objective: To determine 1) airway outcome of infants with laryngomalacia who do not undergo routine direct laryngoscopy (DL) and bronchoscopy (B), 2) the age at resolution of laryngomalacia, and, 3) outcome of supraglottoplasty as a function of the type of laryngomalacia and the presence of concomitant disease. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Methods: The records of all infants diagnosed with laryngomalacia by flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) between 1990 and 1998 in the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa (Iowa City, IA) were reviewed. The type of laryngomalacia was designated by a new classification scheme (types 1-3) based on the site of supraglottic obstruction and the type of supraglottoplasty indicated, should the patient later require surgical intervention. The log rank test was used to compare age at resolution and outcome between types of laryngomalacia and between infants with isolated laryngomalacia versus those with additional congenital
Laryngoscopes are, simply put, devices that allow to view the larynx. The larynx can be looked at either directly or indirectly.. Devices for direct laryngoscopy essentially establish a direct line of sight between the eye of the practitioner and the larynx. Direct laryngoscopes include the typical handle and blade assemblies.. Indirect laryngoscopes on the other hand use camera or fiberoptic technology to view the larynx. These devices include, for example, videolaryngoscopes or optical stylets. Indirect laryngoscopes allow an around-the-corner look at the larynx by moving the point of view downwards along the curved laryngoscope blade closer to the vocal chords.. ...
Background Direct laryngoscopy requires movement of the head, neck, and cervical spine. Spine movement may be limited for anatomic reasons or because of cervical spine injury. The Bullard laryngoscope, a rigid fiberoptic laryngoscope, may cause less neck flexion and head extension than conventional laryngoscopes. The purpose of this study was to compare head extension (measured externally), cervical spine extension (measured radiographically), and laryngeal view obtained with the Bullard, Macintosh, and Miller laryngoscopes. Methods Anesthesia was induced in 35 ASA 1-3 elective surgery patients. Patients lay on a rigid board with head in neutral position. Laryngoscopy was performed three times, changing between the Bullard, Macintosh, and Miller laryngoscopes. Head extension was measured with an angle finder attached to goggles worn by the patient. The best laryngeal view with each laryngoscope was assessed by the laryngoscopist. In eight patients, lateral cervical spine radiographs were taken ...
i-view™ is the new, single use, fully disposable video laryngoscope providing the option of video laryngoscopy wherever you might need to intubate.. It offers a cost effective solution, by combining all the advantages of a fully integrated video laryngoscope in a single use, disposable product.. i-view™ incorporates a Macintosh blade, so can also be used for direct as well as video laryngoscopy. The ergonomic design ensures i-view™ is easy and instinctive to use and the integral LCD screen provides an optimal view in a variety of light conditions; and its ready for use seconds after removing from the packaging.. Key advantages of video laryngoscopy include: ...
Sales, means the sales volume of Anesthesia Video Laryngoscope Revenue, means the sales value of Anesthesia Video Laryngoscope This report studies sales (consumption) of Anesthesia Video Laryngoscope in Europe market, especially in Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Benelux and Spain, focuses on top players in these countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these
The Welch Allyn Guedel Laryngoscope Blade, Size 3 (Model 66483) offers quality in an original design. Key Components: Guedel Laryngoscope Blade, S
Discount Even in experienced hands, research shows laryngoscopy fails about 6% of the time with Direct Laryngoscopy (DL). Video Laryngoscopy (VL) provides clinicians with a better view of t at DreamsCorporation.com
TruViewEVO2 videolaryngoscope (Truphatek, Israel) is a modified version of the Truphatek 1. We used this device in four patients with difficult airways. A 77-year-old obese woman, scheduled for nasal surgery, had short neck and small jaw. After induction of anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade, laryngoscopy was attempted using a Macintosh blade, but the epiglottis, but not the glottis, was seen. A full view of the glottis was obtained when the TruView was used, and the trachea was easily intubated. In another two patients, in whom laryngoscopy with a Macintosh blade had failed, and in one patient with limited mouth opening, the TruView allowed us to see the glottis and to intubate the trachea without difficulty. Therefore, we believe that the TrueViewEVO2 videolaryngoscope is useful in patients with difficult airways.
Background: Airway Management is prime importance to the anaesthesiologist of all the anaesthetic deaths 30 % to 40 % are attributed to the inability to manage a difficult airway. The various simple bedside predictors of difficult airway like Mallampati test, Upper lip bite test, Thyromental, Hyomental, Thyrosternal & Sternomental distances, mandibular length, Neck circumferences etc. are easy to perform with No extra cost or inconvenience to patients. Aim: To assess the predictability of Upper lip bite test, Hyomental distance, Thyromental distance, Thyrosternal distance & Mandibular length. Objective: 1) To find out the best predictor of difficult intubation amongst the Upper Lip Bite Test, Hyomental Distance, Thyromental Distance, Thyrosternal Distance & Mandibular Length on the basis of the test. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 110 patients are randomly selected & age caring between 20 to 59 yrs both male and female are presented in anaesthesia of routine per ...
BOTHELL, Wash., April 18, 2011 /CNW/ -- GlideScope Video Laryngoscope from Verathon Medical Canada Celebrates 10th Anniversary of Video Laryngoscopy and Improving Patient Care.
We have studied the effect of three bolus doses of remifentanil on the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Using a double-blind design, 80 ASA 1 or 2 patients presenting for elective surgery received saline placebo or remifentanil 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 microgram.kg-1 by random allocation. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone 5-7 mg.kg-1 and followed immediately by the study medication given as a bolus over 30s. Muscle relaxation was provided with rocuronium 0.75 mg.kg-1. The patients tracheas were intubated under direct laryngoscopy 1 min later. Noninvasive arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded immediately before induction of anaesthesia and then at intervals until 5 min after tracheal intubation. There was a significant increase in heart rate (p , 0.01) and systolic arterial pressure (p , 0.01) in all groups after tracheal intubation. However, this was short-lived and of a smaller magnitude in the remifentanil 1 microgram.kg-1 group in which the ...
Help your anesthesia pros obtain more first-pass success with the McGrath MAC Video Laryngoscope from Medtronic. Using this video laryngoscope requires on
Gu Y, Robert J, Kovacs G, et al. A deliberately restricted laryngeal view with the GlideScope® video laryngoscope is associated with faster and easier tracheal intubation when compared with a full glottic view: a randomized clinical trial. Une vue laryngée délibérément restreinte à laide du vidéolaryngoscope GlideScope® est associée à une intubation trachéale plus rapide et plus aisée quune vue glottique totale: une étude clinique randomisée. Can J Anaesth. 2016;63(8):928-937. doi:10.1007/s12630-016-0654-6 ...
Indirect laryngoscopy provided reasonable observation, but substantial diagnostic and surgical constraints remained. With advances in anesthesia, patients better tolerated instruments placed in their hypopharynx, and this paved the way for exploitation of direct laryngoscopy.. Adelbert von Tobold is credited with the first direct visualization of the larynx in 1864 using a tongue depressor and mirror for illumination.(9) His technique was repeated by various practitioners who all sought to improve the view. Just as today, airway pioneers were beset with the problems of displacing the anatomy and adequate illumination.(10,11) To this day, almost every development in direct laryngoscopy equipment and technique has been directed at overcoming these two adversities.. Early techniques consisted of using a tongue spatula (depressor) to displace the tongue and a handheld mirror to focus light into the patients mouth. Head-mounted mirrors soon replaced the handheld mirrors, and light sources ranged ...
Bothell, Washington - November 9, 2015 - Verathon® Inc., a leading manufacturer and marketer of imaging and respiratory medical devices, announces its support for the World Airway Management Meeting (WAMM). A joint collaboration of the annual scientific meetings of The Difficult Airway Society (DAS) and The Society for Airway Management (SAM), WAMM 2015 will take place in Dublin, Ireland from November 12th-14th. This joint conference will be the largest meeting of its kind ever held, and offers an eclectic program of lectures and workshops for its delegates, of which Verathon will be a main sponsor. Together with a team of experts, Dr. John A. Pacey - inventor of GlideScope Video Laryngoscope - will be on hand at the Verathon booth to discuss the various benefits video laryngoscopy technology has brought to airway management.. Alongside the main program, Verathon will be hosting a luncheon symposium on Saturday, November 14th. The symposium, entitled Video Laryngoscopy: The Past, Present and ...
Tracheal intubation (usually simply referred to as intubation), an invasive medical procedure, is the placement of a flexible plastic catheter into the trachea. For millennia, tracheotomy was considered the most reliable (and most risky) method of tracheal intubation. By the late 19th century, advances in the sciences of anatomy and physiology, as well as the beginnings of an appreciation of the germ theory of disease, had reduced the morbidity and mortality of this operation to a more acceptable rate. Also in the late 19th century, advances in endoscopic instrumentation had improved to such a degree that direct laryngoscopy had finally become a viable means to secure the airway by the non-surgical orotracheal route. Nasotracheal intubation was not widely practiced until the early 20th century. The 20th century saw the transformation of the practices of tracheotomy, endoscopy and non-surgical tracheal intubation from rarely employed procedures to essential components of the practices of ...
The Disposable Laryngoscope Blade features the HEINE Classic+ blade shape of the worlds best-selling integral fiber optic blade. With proper use the disposable XP blade avoids cross-infection from one patient to the next. Hygienic and safe. Optimum light transmission by oversize light guide. Extremely bright: Highest level of illuminance with HEINE 2.5V or 3.5V LED illuminance within laryngoscope insert. Blade shape optimized to ease the passage of the tube. Patient-friendly with reduced risk of injury or damage to teeth. Extreme torsional stiffness, practically unbreakable. Blades do not freeze or stick to the tongue at low temperatures. Compatible with all handles to the ISO 7376 (green standard). ...
Background and objectives. Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are largely preventable through risk analysis and modification of practice. Anaesthetic practice plays a limited role in the prevention of HAIs, although laryngoscope use and decontamination is an area of concern. We aimed to assess the level of microbial contamination of re-usable laryngoscope blades at a public hospital in South Africa. Setting. The theatre complex of a secondary-level public hospital in Johannesburg. Methods. Blades from two different theatres were sampled twice daily, using a standardised technique, over a 2-week period. Samples were quantitatively assessed for microbial contamination, and stratified by area on blade, theatre and time using Fisher's exact test. Results. A contamination rate of 57.3% (63/110) was found, with high-level contamination accounting for 22.2% of these. Common commensals were the most frequently isolated micro-organisms (79.1%), but important hospital pathogens such as Enterobacter species
PubMed journal article: The Flex-It stylet is less effective than a malleable stylet for orotracheal intubation using the GlideScope. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
The Anesthesia Video Laryngoscope Sales Market project the value and sales volume of Anesthesia Video Laryngoscope Sales submarkets, with respect to key regions. This market study covers the global and regional market with an in-depth analysis of the overall growth prospects in the market. Furthermore, it sheds light on the comprehensive competitive landscape of the global market. The report further offers a dashboard overview of leading companies encompassing their successful marketing strategies, market contribution, recent developments in both historic and present contexts. -
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This laryngoscope blade has an elongated, transected tube-shape shaft. A major part of the length of the blade is straight and a minor part of the blade is smoothly curved to form a tip which is tapered inwardly. A flange formed by the tube and a lamp are located on the left-hand side of the blade (viewed by a patient). The tube-shape is sufficient to permit an endotracheal tube to be placed in a patient through the blade during intubation.
Direct laryngoscopy using a Miller 1 blade, augmented by external laryngeal manipulation resulted in a Cormack-Lehane grade 3b view (tip of retroverted epiglottis only) and percent of glotttic opening (POGO) score seen was 0%. An Airtraq size 0 (infant) preloaded with a 3.0-mm ID microcuff endotracheal tube was inserted into the oropharynx. The Airtraq provided a full view of the entire glottic opening (Cormack-Lehane grade 1, POGO score 100%). The ett was advanced along the Airtraq guide channel through the vocal cords on first attempt ...
Indirect laryngoscopy can be performed by obtaining an image of the glottic opening in 2 ways: (1) transmission through a fiberoptic bundle or a system of prisms such as the Airtraq laryngoscope (Prodol Meditec SA, Vizcaya, Spain) to a lens viewed by the operator or a video system or (2) a video camera known as the charge-coupled device that . ...
This article provides a summary of the types of video laryngoscopes available in South Africa, and highlights some interesting paediatric cases in which video laryngoscopes were used at the Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria.