The proinflammatory myeloid cell receptor TREM-1 controls Kupffer cell activation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The proinflammatory myeloid cell receptor TREM-1 controls Kupffer cell activation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. AU - Wu, Juan. AU - Li, Jiaqi. AU - Salcedo, Rosalba. AU - Mivechi, Nahid F.. AU - Trinchieri, Giorgio. AU - Horuzsko, Anatolij. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2012/8/15. Y1 - 2012/8/15. N2 - Chronic inflammation drives liver cancer pathogenesis, invasion, andmetastasis. Liver Kupffer cells have crucial roles in mediating the inflammatory processes that promote liver cancer, but the mechanistic basis for their contributions are not fully understood. Here we show that expression of the proinflammatory myeloid cell surface receptor TREM-1 expressed by Kupffer cells is a crucial factor in the development and progression of liver cancer. Deletion of the murine homolog Trem1 in mice attenuated hepatocellular carcinogenesis triggered by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Trem1 deficiency attenuated Kupffer cell activation by ...
Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor release from cultured rat Kupffer cells by agents that reduce graft failure from storage...
Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor release from cultured rat Kupffer cells by agents that reduce graft failure from storage injury.
Cd18/ICAM-1-dependent oxidafive NF-κB activation leading to nitric oxide production in rat Kupffer cells cocultured with...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cd18/ICAM-1-dependent oxidafive NF-κB activation leading to nitric oxide production in rat Kupffer cells cocultured with syngeneic hepatoma cells. AU - Kurose, Iwao. AU - Saito, Hidetsugu. AU - Miura, Soichiro. AU - Ebinuma, Hirotoshi. AU - Higuchi, Hajime. AU - Watanabe, Naoyuki. AU - Zeki, Shigeyuki. AU - Nakamura, Tetsuya. AU - Takaishi, Masaaki. AU - Ishii, Hiromasa. PY - 1997/3/1. Y1 - 1997/3/1. N2 - Previous studies have indicated that nitric oxide (NO) released from Kupffer cells modulates biological viability of cocultured hepatoma cells. This study was designed to evaluate the mechanisms by which Kupffer cells synthesize and release NO in response to cocultured hepatoma cells. Kupffer cells isolated from male Wistar rats were cocultured with rat hepatoma cell line, AH70 cells. The sum of nitrite and nitrate levels increased in the culture medium of Kupffer cells with AH70 cells as compared with those of Kupffer cells or AH70 cells alone. Increased expressions of iNOS ...
Diminished organelle motion in murine Kupffer cells during the erythrocytic stage of malaria - CORE
Parasitized erythrocytes are ingested by murine hepatic macrophages during malaria infection. We non-invasively monitored how this altered the motion of intracellular phagosomes in Kupffer cells using magnetometry. Submicrometric γFe2O3 particles were injected prior to malaria infection. They were cleared from the blood, primarily by Kupffer cells, and retained within their phagosomes. The mice were periodically magnetized. After removing this external magnet, the aligned iron particles created a remnant magnetic field (RMF) which then decayed (relaxation), reflecting the motion of particle-containing phagosomes. After baseline measurements of relaxation, the mice were injected intravenously with Plasmodium chabaudi-parasitized or normal murine red blood cells (RBCs). During the next 15 days, relaxation measurements, parasitaemia and haematocrit values were monitored. At 6 days post injection with 3 × 107 parasitized RBCs, relaxation rates had decreased. At this time, all mice had ...
Kupffer cell activation and portal hypertension | Gut
Kupffer cells (KC), the resident liver macrophages, constitute the liver sinusoids together with other cells such as sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, liver-specific natural killer cells and dendritic cells. KC account for approximately 10-15% of the total liver cell population and represent 80-90% of tissue macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system. KC represent an important component of innate immunity.1 2 One characteristic of innate immunity is the rapid response to potentially dangerous stimuli. This suggests a central role of the liver in systemic and regional immune response, because KC come in contact with all the microbiological debris from the gastrointestinal tract reaching the liver via the portal vein.3. KC express the scavenger receptor CD163; CD163 is involved in the clearance and endocytosis of the haemoglobin-haptoglobin complex.4 Once erythrocytes or the haemoglobin-haptoglobin complex has been taken up by KC, the heme delivered from haemoglobin is ...
Generation of a Kupffer Cell-evading Adenovirus for Systemic and Liver by Reeti Khare, Shannon M. May et al.
As much as 90% of an intravenously (i.v.) injected dose of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is absorbed and destroyed by liver Kupffer cells. Viruses that escape these cells can then transduce hepatocytes after binding factor X (FX). Given that interactions with FX and Kupffer cells are thought to occur on the Ad5 hexon protein, we replaced its exposed hypervariable regions (HVR) with those from Ad6. When tested in vivo in BALB/c mice and in hamsters, the Ad5/6 chimera mediated |10 times higher transduction in the liver. This effect was not due to changes in FX binding. Rather, Ad5/6 appeared to escape Kupffer cell uptake as evidenced by producing no Kupffer cell death in vivo, not requiring predosing in vivo, and being phagocytosed less efficiently by macrophages in vitro compared to Ad5. When tested as a helper-dependent adenovirus (Ad) vector, Ad5/6 mediated higher luciferase and factor IX transgene expression than either helper-dependent adenoviral 5 (HD-Ad5) or HD-Ad6 vectors. These data suggest that
Uncultured Kupffer Cell Starter Kit | ax3758 (1 kit) | Axol Bioscience
Primary human Kupffer cells from healthy donors. Uncultured human Kupffer cells together with optimized Kupffer cell Plating & Maintenance Medium.
Iron activates NF-κB in Kupffer cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Iron activates NF-κB in Kupffer cells. AU - She, Hongyun. AU - Xiong, Shigang. AU - Lin, Min. AU - Zandi, Ebrahim. AU - Giulivi, Cecilia R. AU - Tsukamoto, Hidekazu. PY - 2002/9. Y1 - 2002/9. N2 - Iron exacerbates various types of liver injury in which nuclear factor (NF)-κB-driven genes are implicated. This study tested a hypothesis that iron directly elicits the signaling required for activation of NF-κB and stimulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene expression in Kupffer cells. Addition of Fe2- but not Fe3+ (∼-5-50 μM) to cultured rat Kupffer cells increased TNF-α. release and TNF-α. promoter activity in a NF-κB-dependent manner. Cu+ but not Cu2+ stimulated TNF-α protein release and promoter activity but with less potency. Fe2+ caused a disappearance of the cytosolic inhibitor κBα, a concomitant increase in nuclear p65 protein, and increased DNA binding of p50/p50 and p65/p50 without affecting activator protein-1 binding. Addition of Fe2- to the cells ...
Role of Hepatic Kupffer Cells in Inducing T cell Tolerance (128.12) | The Journal of Immunology
The liver is known to favor the induction of immunological tolerance rather than immunity. Although Kupffer cells (KC) have been indicated to play a role in liver tolerance to allografts and soluble antigens, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We hypothesized that KC could induce T cell tolerance by acting as ¡°poor¡± antigen presenting cells, as well as an active suppressor of T cell activation. The phenotypes of KC were characterized by flow cytometry. The abilities of KC to activate T cells and to suppress T cell activation induced by spleen dendritic cells (DC) were examined by in vitro proliferation assays using OTII cells. We found that, comparing with DC, KC expressed significantly lower levels of MHCII, B7.1, B7.2, and CD40. This is consistent with our observation that KC were not as potent as DC in eliciting OVA-specific T cell proliferation. More importantly, we found that KC could inhibit DC-induced OVA-specific T cell response. Further investigation of the mechanism involved ...
Identification of betaine as an osmolyte in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells)
This study identifies the use of an osmolyte strategy in liver macrophages. Betaine serves as an osmolyte in Kupffer cells, whose transport is induced in response to increases of ambient osmolarity. Regulation of this transporter as well as betaine availability may represent a novel regulation site …
Kupffer cell legal definition of Kupffer cell
Definition of Kupffer cell in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Kupffer cell? Meaning of Kupffer cell as a legal term. What does Kupffer cell mean in law?
JCI - Liver inflammation and fibrosis
Although recruited macrophages and Kupffer cells exhibit similarities, they can be distinguished by several markers. Recruited macrophages are CD11bhiF4/80lo/int cells. In contrast, resident Kupffer cells are CD11bloF4/80hi (58). Generally, high expression of CX3CR1 and low expression of the myeloid marker Ly6c characterize patrolling monocytes (59). Kupffer cells are characterized by a lack of CX3CR1 expression (60). Using CX3CR1-GFP transgenic mice, a gene expression analysis of recruited macrophages and Kupffer cells (60) revealed that both Kupffer cells and recruited macrophages highly express TGF-β, suggesting that both cells contribute to liver fibrogenesis. Further, the infiltrating macrophages are Ly6chi and differentiate into Ly6clo macrophages in acetaminophen-induced liver injury (60). Similar trans-differentiation is observed in alcoholic liver injury (58). In NAFLD and alcoholic liver injury, inflammation is predominantly mediated by recruited macrophages, and Kupffer cells exhibit ...
The Opposite Effects of Acute and Chronic Alcohol on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation Are Linked to IRAK-M in Human...
The influence of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on innate immune cells from peripheral blood monocytes to tissue macrophages originating from spleen, lungs, and liver can be diverse. Earlier studies have shown that sterilization of the gut with antibiotics abrogated the in vivo effects of acute alcohol on Kupffer cells, indicating that circulating endotoxin played a key role in the effects of alcohol (32). Furthermore, in vivo acute alcohol exposure of murine Kupffer cells show decreased responsiveness to LPS, and this has been related to decreased IRAK expression, reduced NFκB activity (33), and decreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration (32). Subsequent studies also revealed that acute in vivo ethanol exposure of Kupffer cells increased CD14 expression through a mechanism dependent on AP-1 activation (34). In addition, splenic and alveolar macrophages exposed to a single dose of in vivo alcohol followed by ex vivo stimulation of LPS showed a significant decrease in proinflammatory ...
A Crucial Role for Kupffer Cell-Derived Galectin-9 in Regulation of T Cell Immunity in Hepatitis C Infection
Approximately 200 million people throughout the world are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). One of the most striking features of HCV infection is its high propensity to establish persistence (∼70-80%) and progressive liver injury. Galectins are evolutionarily conserved glycan-binding proteins with diverse roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, we demonstrate that galectin-9, the natural ligand for the T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein 3 (Tim-3), circulates at very high levels in the serum and its hepatic expression (particularly on Kupffer cells) is significantly increased in patients with chronic HCV as compared to normal controls. Galectin-9 production from monocytes and macrophages is induced by IFN-γ, which has been shown to be elevated in chronic HCV infection. In turn, galectin-9 induces pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver-derived and peripheral mononuclear cells; galectin-9 also induces anti-inflammatory cytokines from peripheral but not hepatic ...
Toxicology | Slidomics
Kupffer cells are resident macrophages of the liver (brown cells below). Increased numbers of Kupffer cells are associated with acute and chronic responses of the liver to toxic compounds. We assess the number of Kupffer cells per unit area as a marker of toxicity to help you evaluate toxicological responses in the liver. ...
Stiftung Forschung 3R / 3R Info Bulletins / Immune cells in the liver : The generation and use of a mouse Kupffer cell line
Kupffer cells were isolated from H-2Kb-tsA58 transgenic mice, which stably express a thermolabile mutant of the Simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen under the control of a histocompatibility gene promoter (H-2Kb). Cells isolated from this mouse grow continuously at the permissive temperature of 33 °C, at which the mutant tsA58 is active, but dont grow, or there is less growth under the normal culture temperature of 37 °C. Growth is initiated by the incubation of cells with interferon-γ, which activates histocompatibility genes.. In the present project, we harvested Kupffer cells by collagenase perfusion of the liver, gradient centrifugation and subsequent counterflow centrifugation. Four lines were generated by culture at 33 C,in a medium containing interferon-γ and conditioned media from a hepatocyte and an endothelial cell line. In the absence of these paracrine growth factors, we observed a gradual loss of phenotype and secretory function.. One out of 4 clones (KC13-2) obtained by ...
CD72 Antibody, anti-human, REAfinity™ - Recombinant antibodies - MACS Antibodies - Products - Miltenyi Biotec - Canada
Clone REA231 recognizes CD72, a 45 kDa type II membrane protein with a C-type lectin-like domain. Expression of CD72 is found on most B-lineage cells, follicular dendritic cells, mast cells, and liver Kupffer cells. CD72 is recognized as negative regulator of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, as well as regulating mast cell growth and differentiation via KIT activation. The inhibitory role of CD72 is exerted via the ITIM sequence in the cytoplasmic tail.Additional information: Clone REA231 displays negligible binding to Fc receptors. - Canada
Further observations on the development and destruction of lamprey blood cells - Murdoch Research Repository
Supravital preparations of blood and haemopoietic tissues have been studied by interference contrast, phase contrast and conventional light microscopy to help identify the different categories of the smaller blood cells of lampreys. These methods were also used in conjunction with an examination of sectioned material and fixed blood films, to investigate macrophage activity by the blood cells and the liver Kupffer cells. The diameter of the smallest living blood cells was 4-5 ,mUm. When these produced extensive clotting fibres, particularly in the presence of foreign substances, they were obviously thrombocytes, whereas others, some of which contained prominent nucleoli, were considered to represent small lymphocytes and stem cells. Slightly larger cells (5-6 ,mUm), in which the nuclearcytoplasmic ratio was slightly lower and granules were being formed, represented the first stage in the formation of neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes. The early members of the erythrocyte lineage could ...
Distinct patterns of nitric oxide production in hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells following acute exposure of rats to...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Distinct patterns of nitric oxide production in hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells following acute exposure of rats to endotoxin. AU - Laskin, D. L.. AU - Heck, D. E.. AU - Gardner, C. R.. AU - Feder, L. S.. AU - Laskin, J. D.. PY - 1994/12/1. Y1 - 1994/12/1. N2 - Hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells play an important role in the clearance of endotoxin from the portal circulation. These cells are activated by endotoxin to release reactive mediators including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, which have been implicated in hepatic inflammation and tissue injury. In the present studies we analyzed mechanisms regulating the production of nitric oxide by hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells following in vivo exposure to endotoxin. Rats were injected intravenously with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg). Cells were isolated from the animals 48 h later by in situ perfusion of the liver with collagenase and pronase followed by ...
Kupffer cell depletion abolishes induction of interleukin-10 and permits sustained overexpression of tumor necrosis factor...
Patricio Godoy, Nicola J. Hewitt, Ute Albrecht, Melvin E. Andersen, Nariman Ansari, Sudin Bhattacharya, Johannes Georg Bode, Jennifer Bolleyn, Christoph Borner, Jan Böttger, Albert Braeuning, Robert A. Budinsky, Britta Burkhardt, Neil R. Cameron, Giovanni Camussi, Chong-Su Cho, Yun-Jaie Choi, J. Craig Rowlands, Uta Dahmen, Georg Damm, Olaf Dirsch, María Teresa Donato, Jian Dong, Steven Dooley, Dirk Drasdo, Rowena Eakins, Karine Sá Ferreira, Valentina Fonsato, Joanna Fraczek, Rolf Gebhardt, Andrew Gibson, Matthias Glanemann, Chris E. P. Goldring, María José Gómez-Lechón, Geny M. M. Groothuis, Lena Gustavsson, Christelle Guyot, David Hallifax, Seddik Hammad, Adam Hayward, Dieter Häussinger, Claus Hellerbrand, Philip Hewitt, Stefan Hoehme, Hermann-Georg Holzhütter, J. Brian Houston, Jens Hrach, Kiyomi Ito, Hartmut Jaeschke, Verena Keitel, Jens M. Kelm, B. Kevin Park, Claus Kordes, Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick, Edward L. LeCluyse, Peng Lu, Jennifer Luebke-Wheeler, Anna Lutz, Daniel J. Maltman, ...
Kupffer Cells in Health and Disease | SpringerLink
Kupffer cells (KC), the resident macrophages of the liver, represent the largest population of mononuclear phagocytes in the body. Phenotypic, developmental, and functional aspects of these cells in...
An L-arginine-dependent mechanism mediates kupffer cell inhibition of hepatocyte protein synthesis in vitro | Journal of...
The hepatic failure associated with severe sepsis is characterized by specific, progressive, and often irreversible defects in hepatocellular metabolism (1). Although the etiologic microbe can often be identified, the direct causes and mechanisms of the hepatocellular dysfunction are poorly understood. We have hypothesized that Kupffer cells (KC), which interact with ambient septic stimuli, respond by providing signals to adjacent hepatocytes (HC) in sepsis . Furthermore, we have provided evidence (2, 3) that KC activated by LPS from Gram-negative bacteria can induce profound changes in the function of neighboring HC in coculture. In our model, coculture of either KC (2) or peritoneal macrophages (Mφ)(3) with HC normally promotes HC protein synthesis ([(3)H]leucine incorporation). The addition of LPS or killed Escherichia colt to such cocultures induces a profound decrease in HC protein synthesis, as well as qualitative changes ([(35)S]methionine, SDS-gel electrophoresis) in protein synthesis ...
M2 Kupffer cells promote M1 Kupffer cell apoptosis: A protective mechanism against alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver...
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canine Kupffer cell IHC
I need an antibody(ies) to stain canine Kupffer cells (macrophages) in liver. Have no knowledge of what crossreact to dog or a specific antibody for these cells. I am a mouse person, and need an answer for a bigger critter. I also would like a minirerun on using EDTA for antigen retrieval including MW, HIER, molarities, buffers, times. Thanks Gayle Callis ...
JCI - Macrophages eliminate circulating tumor cells after monoclonal antibody therapy
The use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as therapeutic tools has increased dramatically in the last decade and is now one of the mainstream strategies to treat cancer. Nonetheless, it is still not completely understood how mAbs mediate tumor cell elimination or the effector cells that are involved. Using intravital microscopy, we found that antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADPh) by macrophages is a prominent mechanism for removal of tumor cells from the circulation in a murine tumor cell opsonization model. Tumor cells were rapidly recognized and arrested by liver macrophages (Kupffer cells). In the absence of mAbs, Kupffer cells sampled tumor cells; however, this sampling was not sufficient for elimination. By contrast, antitumor mAb treatment resulted in rapid phagocytosis of tumor cells by Kupffer cells that was dependent on the high-affinity IgG-binding Fc receptor (FcγRI) and the low-affinity IgG-binding Fc receptor (FcγRIV). Uptake and intracellular degradation were independent of ...
Effect of removing Kupffer cells on nanoparticle tumor delivery. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Genomic DNA - Science PRO
Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Genomic DNA https://www.sciencepro.com.br/produtos/sc-5009 https://www.sciencepro.com.br/@@site-logo/logo-novo.png ...
Understanding the Liver - Chrysalis Natural Medicine Clinic
They are chemically dismantled, tagged and sent off by the enzyme systems for elimination.. Kupffer cells are large specialized macrophages (white blood cells) which phagocytize (eat) bacteria, endotoxins, antigen-antibody complexes and other liver poisons. This makes the liver an important immune system organ. These cells chew up most of the larger particles that enter the liver. However, they produce dangerous oxidative free radicals as a by-product of this process, and the liver requires a sufficient supply of protective antioxidants to neutralize them.. The livers cytochrome P450 system works on complex chemicals. As substances such as hormones, drugs, alcohol, carcinogens, pesticides and inflammatory chemicals like histamine enter the system, enzymes oxidize and break down the intruders (a process called phase I detoxification). After that, the liver chemically tags and changes the breakdown products so that they can be excreted (called phase II detoxification). This process also results ...
Origin and kinetics of Kupffer cells during an acute inflammatory response
The course of the increased number of liver macrophages and the origin of these cells were studied after intravenous stimulation by zymosan, stilboestrol, or corynebacterium. The macrophages were isolated by digestion of the liver with pronase and DNAase. Zymosan doubled the number of liver macropha …
Characterization of Distinct Subpopulations of Hepatic Macrophages in HFD/Obese Mice<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Characterization of Distinct Subpopulations of Hepatic Macrophages in HFD/Obese Mice. AU - Morinaga, Hidetaka. AU - Mayoral, Rafael. AU - Heinrichsdorff, Jan. AU - Osborn, Olivia. AU - Franck, Niclas. AU - Hah, Nasun. AU - Walenta, Evelyn. AU - Bandyopadhyay, Gautam. AU - Pessentheiner, Ariane. AU - Chi, Tyler. AU - Chung, Heekyung. AU - Bogner-Strauß, Juliane Gertrude. AU - Evans, Ronald M.. AU - Olefsky, Jerrold M.. AU - Oh, Da Young. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. M3 - Article. SP - 1120. EP - 1130. JO - Diabetes. JF - Diabetes. SN - 0012-1797. ER - ...
SIU SOM Histology GI
This specimen comes from an animal which was injected intravenously with a suspension of carbon particles. These particles are scavenged by macrophages, most notably by those in the liver which are called Kupffer cells., whose cytoplasm becomes packed with black carbon particles.. In the absence of such experimental demonstration, Kupffer cells can be recognized by their oval nuclei closely associated with sinusoidal spaces.. ...
KAKEN - Research Projects | Boneficial Effect of Kupffer cell blochade on Preservation Liver Enjury (KAKENHI-PROJECT-07671311)
Principal Investigator:KAMEI Takafumi, Project Period (FY):1995 - 1996, Research Category:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Section:一般, Research Field:General surgery
Stiftung Forschung 3R / Projekte / 3R-Project 63-97
Kupffer cells have been isolated from transgenic mice carrying a thermolabile SV40 large tumor antigen under the H2Kb promoter (kind gift of D. Kioussis, NIMR, London). The cells grow with Interferon-gamma at 33oC, at which temperature the promoter is turned on and the SV40T Ag is active. They differentiate at 39oC. These cells are now being characterised: cytokine and NO liberation is stimulated, surface receptors are assessed at the mRNA and protein level, and phagocytosis and uptake of bacterial components are being measured. Results will be compared with the functional characteristics of primary Kupffer cells isolated from normal mice (see also 3R project 73-00) Conclusions and Relevance for 3R ...
Recent Articles | Kupffer Cells And Immunology | The Scientist Magazine®
The Nutshell Putative Gay Genes Identified, Questioned A genomic interrogation of homosexuality turns up speculative links between genetic elements and sexual orientation, but researchers say the study is too small to be significant. ...
Monitoring liver macrophages using nanobodies targeting Vsig4: concanavalin A induced acute hepatitis as paradigm. | Sigma...
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Fang Zheng, Nick Devoogdt, Amanda Sparkes, Yannick Morias, Chloé Abels, Benoit Stijlemans, Tony Lahoutte, Serge Muyldermans, Patrick De Baetselier, Steve Schoonooghe, Alain Beschin, Geert Raes].
Cryopreserved Human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial Cells
Get Human Endothelial Cells from Primacyt. High purity, low passage, HIV1+2, HAV, HBV, HCV tested. Immediate lot information download.
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Hepatic sinusoids are lined by LSEC BBuy Kupffer cells as well as dendritic cells, which interact either on the luminal or the basolateral side with LSEC (Figure 2. 114.
Production Schedule - InSphero
3D InSight™ Human Liver Toxicology Models Production lead time: 1 week Catalog # Description MT-02-302-04 3D InSight™ Human Liver Microtissues (multi-donor hepatocytes, co-culture with Kupffer cells and liver endothelial cells), 96x Order by Ships on: US Ships on: EU Aug 24 Sep 1 Sep 2 Sep 7 Sep 15 Sep 16 Sep 21 Sep
Liver Tissue Model Kit
CELLINKs Liver Tissue Model Kit is your complete solution for generating and analyzing liver tissue models.
The kit comes with bioinks that accommodate multiple cell types including hepatocytes, stellate cells, Kupffer cells and endothelial cells, giving you the ability to tailor each model to your needs. Once your model is generated, the kits antibodies enable you to directly analyze cells using key markers of liver functionality.
Bioprinted liver tissue models organize cells spatially within a niche environment, providing the physiological mimicry necessary to enable the liver cells natural metabolism. Bioinks encapsulate the cells and mimic in vivo boundaries, enabling authentic dose and uptake responses and facilitating relevant drug screening.
CD11b αM Integrin (OX-42) | ALZFORUM
recognizes most macrophages (including resident peritoneal and activated macrophages), Kupffer cells, but only about 35% of alveolar macrophages; also labels dendritic cells extensively, granulocytes and cells with the morphology of microglia in brain. ...
Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β production by human fetal Kupffer cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β production by human fetal Kupffer cells. AU - Kutteh, William H.. AU - Rainey, William E.. AU - Beutler, Bruce. AU - Carr, Bruce R.. PY - 1991/7. Y1 - 1991/7. N2 - This study describes the isolation and characterization of human fetal Kupffer cells. We demonstrated that these cells have the potential to respond to cytokines and lipopolysaccharide with an increased production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Kupffer cells were characterized by: (1) morphologic characteristics after adherence to plastic, (2) staining for α-naphthyl acetate esterase, (3) immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies, and (4) phagocytosis of latex beads. More than 90% of the adherent cells were identified as macrophages. Kupffer cells cultured with lipopolysaccharide were able to produce interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in a time- and dose-dependent fashion and maximal secretion was observed with the use of 10 μg of ...
Kupffer Cells Are Critical for Inflammation Resolution in Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via TIM-4 Mediated Efferocytosis -...
Purpose: Liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a clinical problem associated with both surgical and non-surgical settings. Innate immune-dominated inflammation drives the pathogenesis of liver injuries. Although the activation of liver inflammation by IR have been studied extensively, few has been focused on the inflammation resolution in the disease process.. *Methods: In a murine liver partial warm ischemia model, we characterized the inflammation resolution during IR at histological, cellular and molecular levels. The role of Kupffer cells (KCs) was determined by clodronate-liposome (CL)-mediated depletion, and their functional mechanisms were explored by the inhibition of KC efferocytosis via TIM-4 blocking Abs, during the recovery stage of liver IRI (three doses at 24h, day 3 and day5 post reperfusion).. *Results: The restoration of liver homeostasis from a 90 min ischemia lasts for 7 days, as defined by: (i) repair of hepatocellular damage, (ii) clearance of infiltrating ...
JCI - Neutrophil-derived S100 calcium-binding proteins A8/A9 promote reticulated thrombocytosis and atherogenesis in diabetes
Platelets play a critical role in atherogenesis and thrombosis-mediated myocardial ischemia, processes that are accelerated in diabetes. Whether hyperglycemia promotes platelet production and whether enhanced platelet production contributes to enhanced atherothrombosis remains unknown. Here we found that in response to hyperglycemia, neutrophil-derived S100 calcium-binding proteins A8/A9 (S100A8/A9) interact with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on hepatic Kupffer cells, resulting in increased production of IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine that is implicated in inflammatory thrombocytosis. IL-6 acts on hepatocytes to enhance the production of thrombopoietin, which in turn interacts with its cognate receptor c-MPL on megakaryocytes and bone marrow progenitor cells to promote their expansion and proliferation, resulting in reticulated thrombocytosis. Lowering blood glucose using a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin), depleting neutrophils or Kupffer cells, ...
JCI - Neutrophil-derived S100 calcium-binding proteins A8/A9 promote reticulated thrombocytosis and atherogenesis in diabetes
Platelets play a critical role in atherogenesis and thrombosis-mediated myocardial ischemia, processes that are accelerated in diabetes. Whether hyperglycemia promotes platelet production and whether enhanced platelet production contributes to enhanced atherothrombosis remains unknown. Here we found that in response to hyperglycemia, neutrophil-derived S100 calcium-binding proteins A8/A9 (S100A8/A9) interact with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on hepatic Kupffer cells, resulting in increased production of IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine that is implicated in inflammatory thrombocytosis. IL-6 acts on hepatocytes to enhance the production of thrombopoietin, which in turn interacts with its cognate receptor c-MPL on megakaryocytes and bone marrow progenitor cells to promote their expansion and proliferation, resulting in reticulated thrombocytosis. Lowering blood glucose using a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin), depleting neutrophils or Kupffer cells, ...
Effect of Hemorrhagic Shock on the Phagocytic Function of Kupffer Cells | Circulation Research
This report concerns the phagocytic behavior of the Kupffer cells in the rat during hemorrhagic studies by quantitative technics. The rate of clearance (measured by colloidal carbon) was suppressed by 50 per cent after 3 hours. Efficiency of clearance (measured by uptake of radioisotope labeled albumin and chromium phosphate) was likewise markedly below normal. This factor was not due to reduced blood flow through the liver, as evidenced by measurements made 1 hour after blood replacement. Histologic evidence suggests two possibilities: a localized impairment of Kupffer cell activity in the area about the central veins of the lobule, or an abnormal circulation through preferential pathways restricted to the periphery of the liver lobule.. ...
Impaired hepatic bacterial clearance is reversed by surgical relief of obstructive jaundice<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Impaired hepatic bacterial clearance is reversed by surgical relief of obstructive jaundice. AU - Katz, Schmuel. AU - Yang, Rong. AU - Rodefeld, Mark. AU - Folkening, Walter J.. AU - Grosfeld, Jay L.. PY - 1991. Y1 - 1991. N2 - Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants with cholestatic jaundice. Previous studies have shown that biliary obstruction in rats causes a significant decrease in hepatic phagocytosis of viable Escherichia coli. This study tests this hypothesis and further evaluates whether the impaired function of the reticuloendothelial system of the liver (Kupffer cells) can be reversed by the relief of the biliary obstruction. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 140 to 150 g) were placed in three groups. Group I (n = 10) consisted of sham-operated controls. In Group II (n = 30), ligation and division of distal common bile duct (CDL) was performed. Group III (n = 30) underwent choledochoduodenostomy 2 weeks following ligation and division of common ...
Kupffer cell transplantation in mice for elucidating monocyte/macrophage biology and for potential in cell or gene therapy<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Kupffer cell transplantation in mice for elucidating monocyte/macrophage biology and for potential in cell or gene therapy. AU - Merlin, Simone. AU - Bhargava, Kuldeep K.. AU - Ranaldo, Gabriella. AU - Zanolini, Diego. AU - Palestro, Christopher J.. AU - Santambrogio, Laura. AU - Prat, Maria. AU - Follenzi, Antonia. AU - Gupta, Sanjeev. N1 - Funding Information: Supported in part by NIH grants R01 DK071111, R01 DK088561, P30 DK41296, and P30 CA13330 (S.G.) and Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizzata della Regione Piemonte, Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (Project of Significant National Interest; PRIN) 2008 from Italian Ministry of Education, GGP09280 by Telethon Foundation Italy, and European Research Council (ERC) startup grant 261178 (A.F.). Publisher Copyright: © Copyright 2016 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.. PY - 2016/3/1. Y1 - 2016/3/1. N2 - Kupffer cells (KC) play major roles in immunity and tissue injury or ...
Estrogen and Liver Toxicity
The effects of estriol on oxygen uptake, glucose release, lactate and pyruvate production, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate production in perfused rat liver as well as, carbon uptake in rat liver and intracellular calcium in isolated Kupffer cells were investigated. Basal oxygen consumption of perfused liver increased significantly in estriol or ethanol-treated rats. But these increased effects were blocked by gadolinium chloride pretreatment. In a metabolic study, pretreatment with estriol resulted in a decrease in glucose production and in glycolysis while an increase in ketogenesis. A more oxidized redox state of the mitochondria was indicated by increased ratios of perfusate [lactate]/[pyruvate] and decreased ratios of perfusate [beta-hydroxybutyrate]/[acetoacetate]. Carbon uptake of Kupffer-cell increased significantly in estriol-treated rats. But these increased uptake were not shown in rats pre-treated by gadolinium chloride blocking phagocytosis. In isolated Kupffer cells from ...
Effect of removing Kupffer cells on nanoparticle tumor delivery | PNAS
To quantitatively determine the AuNP blood and tumor pharmacokinetic profiles, mice were killed at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after nanoparticle injection. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture using a 1-mL syringe equipped with a 25-gauge needle. The harvested organs included lungs, heart, liver, spleen, stomach, intestines, kidneys, axillary lymph nodes, brachial lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes, and the tumor. A skin sample was also taken from the animals posterior thoracic cavity. Average mass of the tumors resected from each mouse tumor model can be found in SI Appendix, Table S2. Organs and blood samples were weighed and placed into glass culture tubes. In addition to organ samples, a portion of or the total administered AuNP dose was also added to a separate tube. To the samples, 800 µL of concentrated nitric acid [69% (wt/vol)] was added. For regional lymph nodes, this volume was reduced to 200 µL of nitric acid. An acid control sample containing solely nitric acid was also prepared in ...
Munin: Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells represents an important blood clearance system in pigs
Background: Numerous studies in rats and a few other mammalian species, including man, have shown that the sinusoidal cells constitute an important part of liver function. In the pig, however, which is frequently used in studies on liver transplantation and liver failure models, our knowledge about the function of hepatic sinusoidal cells is scarce. We have explored the scavenger function of pig liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC), a cell type that in other mammals performs vital elimination of an array of waste macromolecules from the circulation. Results: 125I-macromolecules known to be cleared in the rat via the scavenger and mannose receptors were rapidly removed from the pig circulation, 50% of the injected dose being removed within the first 2-5 min following injection. Fluorescently labeled microbeads (2 μm in diameter) used to probe phagocytosis accumulated in Kupffer cells only, whereas fluorescently labeled soluble macromolecular ligands for the mannose and scavenger receptors ...
Untitled Document
5) Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.. Address for correspondence: T.A. Korolenko, Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Timakov Street, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.. Summary: A high dose of acetaminophen (AAP; 1000 mg/kg, single, p.o) administered to rats induced acute liver failure with centrolobular degeneration and necrosis. We studied the role of hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) in the modulation of the acetaminophen-induced damage to the liver. Ukrain, which is known to possess immunomodulatory characteristics, has been shown to exhibit a positive hepatoprotective effect in human viral hepatitis C, significantly preventing liver cell injury. The selective inhibitor of Kupffer cells, gadolinium chloride (GdCI3, 7.5 mg/kg i.v, administered 24 h before AAP), and the macrophage stimulator carboxymethylated (1 -, 3)-beta-D-glucan (CMG; 25 mg/kg i.p., ...
Immune Cell Identity Crisis: What Makes a Liver Macrophage a Liver Macrophage?
Gadolinium chloride mass and molar concentrations
Convert between mass and molar concentrations of Gadolinium chloride using its molecular weight. Materials mass and molar concentrations calculator
AODTU-007 Mertk expressing hepatic macrophages promote the resolution of inflammation in acute liver failure | Gut
Results We demonstrate an expansion of prorestorative MerTK+HLA-DRhigh cells in circulatory/tissue compartments of ALF patients (Fig.A). Compared to WT mice which have an increase of MerTK+MHCIIhigh macrophages during the resolution phase in ALF (Fig.B), APAP-treated Mer−/− mice exhibit persistent liver injury and inflammation, characterised by a decreased proportion of resident Kupffer cells (KC) and increased number of neutrophils (Fig.C). Both in vitro and in APAP-treated mice (Fig.D), SLPI reprograms macrophages towards resolution responses through induction of a MerTK+HLA-DRhigh phenotype that promotes neutrophil apoptosis and their subsequent clearance. ...
KAKEN - Research Projects | A MECHANISM OF INFILTRATION OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELLS AND KUPFFER CELLS IN ALCOHOLIC LIVER INJURY ...
Principal Investigator:MATSUMOTO Kazunori, Project Period (FY):1991 - 1992, Research Category:Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C), Research Field:Gastroenterology
Hepatitis therapy: Kupffer cells adjust the balance between pathogen control and hepatocyte regeneration | EurekAlert! Science...
Scientists from TWINCORE have now published new insights on the processes involved in liver inflammation in the Journal of Hepatology: Type I interferons, on the one hand, limit viral replication and thereby help the immune cells to control the viral pathogen. On the other hand, type I interferons delay the regeneration of immune cells, which are important to adjust and maintain the immune balance within the liver during acute inflammation.
Expression and regulation of leukotriene-synthesis enzymes in rat liver cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression and regulation of leukotriene-synthesis enzymes in rat liver cells. AU - Shimada, Kazuo. AU - Navarro, Javier. AU - Goeger, Douglas E.. AU - Mustafa, Shamimunisa B.. AU - Weigel, Paul H.. AU - Weinman, Steven A.. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - The liver plays a major role in metabolism and elimination of leukotrienes (LT). It produces cysteinyl leukotrienes (cLT), and cLT have been implicated in hepatocellular toxicity in several models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)associated liver injury. However, the liver cell types responsible for cLT production are poorly defined, and the expression of the LT-synthesis enzymes, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and LTC4 synthase (LTC4- S), in liver cells has never been demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to examine the ability of rat liver cells to produce cLT by determining whether hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and sinusoidal endothelial cells express mRNA and enzyme activities of the LT-synthesis enzymes and whether expression is altered ...
Liver function tests - Hcamat College Park
This is a xanthous compound or pigment formed by the dislocation of hemoglobin. This originates from the dislocation of worn out, old or damaged ruddy blood cells. The aging blood cells are taken up and destroyed macrophages ( Kupffer cells ) of the phagocytic system ( which are located chiefly in the lien and in the liver. During the dislocation of hemoglobin into haem and hematohiston, the hematohiston is farther degraded to organize new proteins and the heme portion signifiers bilverdin. In the Kupffer cells, the bilverdin is converted to bilirubin by the usage of enzymes. The hematoidin is so released into the plasma where it binds to albumin and go an unconjugated hematoidin.. The unconjugated or free hematoidin enters the hepatocytes and after blending with glucuronic acid, it becomes a conjugated hematoidin. This conjugated hematoidin is H2O soluble and hence, soluble in gall, hence if the escape of gall is interrupted, conjugated hematoidin will impact the coloring material of the piss, ...
Interaction of liposomes with hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in vivo and in vitro | Biochemical Society Transactions
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Kupffer Cell Transplantation in Mice for Elucidating Monocyte/Macrophage Biology and for Potential in Cell or Gene Therapy. |...
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Simone Merlin, Kuldeep K Bhargava, Gabriella Ranaldo, Diego Zanolini, Christopher J Palestro, Laura Santambrogio, Maria Prat, Antonia Follenzi, Sanjeev Gupta].
Effect of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Production by Colorectal Cancer Cel by Olga Bajenova, I. Evsyukov et al.
Tumor markers play an important role in the identification of human malignancies. It has been shown that the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, CEACAM5) is a promoter of metastasis in epithelial cancers that is widely used as a clinical marker. The aim of this study is to elucidate the network of genes that are involved in the CEA-induced liver metastasis. Previously, we have shown that CEA is accumulated in the lungs and livers of rats by interacting with their macrophages. We identified and cloned a new gene (CEAR) for the CEA-binding protein, which is located on the surface of fixed liver macrophages, Kupffer cells (Bajenova et al, 2001). It has been shown that the interaction of CEA and CEAR proteins increases the production of IL-1, IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α cytokines (Thomas et al, 2011). This interaction changes the expression of liver adhesion molecules that enhances the survival of cancer cells to the liver. We also suggested that CEA synthesis by cancer cells may influence the E-cadherin adhesion
infectomics-study-of-human-liver-non-parenchymal-c | bfm.hr
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver disease. HCV productively infects hepatocytes to impart liver inflammation and progressive tissue damage leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. These processes underlie liver dysfunction and are thought to drive the onset of liver cancer. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which HCV confers hepatic inflammation are not defined. Now, there is growing evidence that liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and Kupffer cells (KC), may play key roles in regulating immune responses and facilitating tolerance induction. These cells are playing a pivotal role in blood-borne virus clearance (>90%), leaving only a small fraction of infectious virus that escapes clearance in a manner peculiar to each individual pathogen. The biology of HCV, specifically regarding non-parenchymal liver cells, has been largely neglected. LSEC account for the 20% and KC for 15% of the hepatic cells, and are a unique organ-resident cell population with diverse functions, ...
infectomics-study-of-human-liver-non-parenchymal-c | bfm.hr
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver disease. HCV productively infects hepatocytes to impart liver inflammation and progressive tissue damage leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. These processes underlie liver dysfunction and are thought to drive the onset of liver cancer. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which HCV confers hepatic inflammation are not defined. Now, there is growing evidence that liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and Kupffer cells (KC), may play key roles in regulating immune responses and facilitating tolerance induction. These cells are playing a pivotal role in blood-borne virus clearance (>90%), leaving only a small fraction of infectious virus that escapes clearance in a manner peculiar to each individual pathogen. The biology of HCV, specifically regarding non-parenchymal liver cells, has been largely neglected. LSEC account for the 20% and KC for 15% of the hepatic cells, and are a unique organ-resident cell population with diverse functions, ...
JCI - No recovery of replication-competent HIV-1 from human liver macrophages
Long-lived HIV-1 reservoirs that persist despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) are a major impediment to a cure for HIV-1. We examined whether human liver macrophages (LMs), the largest tissue macrophage population, comprise an HIV-1 reservoir. We purified LMs from liver explants and included treatment with a T cell immunotoxin to reduce T cells to 1% or less. LMs were purified from 9 HIV-1-infected persons, 8 of whom were on ART (range 8-140 months). Purified LMs were stimulated ex vivo and supernatants from 6 of 8 LMs from persons on ART transmitted infection. However, HIV-1 propagation from LMs was not sustained except in LMs from 1 person taking ART for less than 1 year. Bulk liver sequences matched LM-derived HIV-1 in 5 individuals. Additional in vitro experiments undertaken to quantify the decay of HIV-1-infected LMs from 3 healthy controls showed evidence of infection and viral release for prolonged durations (,170 days). Released HIV-1 propagated robustly in target cells, demonstrating ...
Haemolysis and liver macrophages | Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
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TEM of Liver Section - Stock Image C025/2732 - Science Photo Library
Colour enhanced transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section of the liver showing hepatocytes with large nuclei and many mitochondria, small Kupffer cells, and sinusoids full of red blood cells. Magnification: x3,500 at 5 x 6.5 inches. - Stock Image C025/2732
The Liver & Detoxification (Part 1) - Stay Strong
The liver plays a key role in most metabolic processes, especially detoxification. The liver is a filter designed to remove toxic matter such as dead cells, microorganisms, chemicals, drugs and particulate debris from the bloodstream. The liver filter is called the sinusoidal system, and contains specialized cells known as Kupffer cells that are part of the white blood cell immune function. They make up 10% of liver weight, and function to ingest and break down toxic matter. Filtration of toxins is absolutely critical as the blood from the intestines contains high levels of bacterial waste, (endotoxins from the bowels), antigen-antibody complexes, and various toxic pollutants. When working properly, the liver clears 99% of the bacterial toxins during the first pass. However, when the liver is damaged, such as in alcoholics, the passage of toxins increases by over a factor of 10. This is similar if your intestines are too permeable, a condition known as leaky gut. Allergies (especially to ...
Plus it
Macrophages undergo phenotypic changes in response to various environmental signals that can dramatically alter their function. The clinical relevance of this phenomenon stems in part from accumulating evidence that proinflammatory M1 polarization of macrophages contributes to metabolic impairment that is associated with obesity and diabetes (2,43). Thus, the deletion of M1 (classically activated) tissue macrophages normalizes sensitivity to insulin in obese mice (44,45), while, conversely, the reduction of M2 (alternatively activated) macrophages predisposes lean mice to the development of insulin resistance (13), implying a critical role for M2 polarization of macrophages in metabolic homeostasis. The current work suggests that in Kupffer cells, endothelial NO signaling maintains M2 polarization, whereas the effect of HFD feeding to reduce hepatic NO signaling reduces M2 and favors M1 polarization of these cells. This conclusion offers a feasible explanation for the findings that deficient NO ...
Regulation of nanoparticle biodistribution by scavenger endothelial cells (SECs) - Leiden University
A very large part of intravenously administered nanoparticles are cleared through the liver. Within the liver, most nanoparticles are thought to be sequestered by macrophages (Kupffer cells). To achieve effective cell-specific targeting of drugs and non-viral gene delivery vectors, improved mechanistic…
Plus it
The suppression of P450 enzymes and other DMEs by certain therapeutic proteins and the rise in the coadministration of therapeutic proteins with small-molecule drugs create the potential for clinical DDIs. We investigated a new in vitro method for evaluating therapeutic proteins as perpetrators of DDIs with small-molecule drugs (Fig. 1). The method consists of adding the therapeutic protein to human blood ex vivo to permit the release of cytokines from PBMCs followed by the preparation of plasma and an assessment of its effects on DME in human hepatocytes cocultured with Kupffer cells. Suppression of DME by certain therapeutic proteins commonly involves the release of cytokines from PBMCs (Morgan et al., 2002, 2008). Current procedures to assess therapeutic proteins as perpetrators of DDIs rely primarily on clinical studies because the predictive value of applying cytokines individually or in a limited combination to hepatocytes in vitro is not well established (Girish et al., 2011; Evers et ...
Algeoppblomstring i vann - FHI
Oppblomstring av cyanobakterier (blågrønnalger) forekommer i ferskvann, brakkvann og saltvann. Disse organismene kan produsere flere typer hepato-, nevro- og nevrodegenererende toksiner.